Unit 3 Environmental Protection Learning About Language 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第三册

1. "I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary," said Anne. (Direct speech) →Anne said that she didn't want to set down a series of facts in a diary. (Indirect speech) 2. Anne's sister asked her what she called her diary. (Indirect speech) →"What do you call your diary?"Anne's sister asked her. (Direct speech) 直接引语和间接引语 引述别人的话有两种方式:一是使用引号引出别人的原话，被引用的句子是直接引语;一是用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的部分叫做间接引语。 Have a try: Direct or Indirect Speech 1. "I never eat meat," he explained. 2. Kitty said she would wait another day. 3. "Who is it?" Wilson shouted. 4. I objected that she was too young for the position. 5. "I presume," he commented, "that she will learn how to do it in time." D I D I D 1.直接引语是陈述句时 间接引语为that引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省略),主句的引述动词主要有say, tell, repeat, explain, think等. 1.She said, “Our train will arrive in five minutes.” →She said (that) their train would arrive in five minutes. 2.He said, “I’m very busy.” →He said (that) he was very busy. 注意: 如果直接引语是客观真理时,变为间接引语,一般现在时不改为一般过去时。 The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” →The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 2. 直接引语是疑问句时 间接引语为陈述语序:主句的谓语动词say 改为ask,或改为wonder, do not know, want to know, be not sure, be puzzled等。 (1)一般疑问句或反义疑问句, 变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句。 She said, “Do you often come here to read newspapers?” →She asked me if(whether) I often went there to read newspapers. Have a try:Direct→Indirect Speech 1. Lily: Can a kangaroo jump higher than the Empire State Building? Jim: Yes, because the Empire State Building can’t jump. →Lily asked if/whether a kangaroo could jump higher than the Empire State Building. 2. Susan: Aren’t you wearing your wedding ring on the wrong finger? Jane: Yes,I am. I married the wrong man. →Susan asked if(whether) Jane was wearing her wedding ring on the wrong finger. (2)选择疑问句变为whether...or宾语从句. I asked him, “Will you stay at home or go to a film tonight?” →I asked him whether he would stay at home or go to a film that night. Have a try: Direct - Indirect Speech A very drunk man comes out of the bar and sees another very drunk man. He looks up in the sky and says, “Is that the sun or the moon?” The other drunk man answers, “I don’t know. I’m a stranger here myself.” →The first drunk man asked whether that was the sun or the moon. (3) 由 who, what, when等疑问词引导的宾语从句,注意使用陈述语序。 1. George said, “When will you get back from Shanghai, Mike?” →George asked when Mike would get back from Shanghai. 2. He said, “Where are you going?” →He asked where I was going. Have a try： Direct → Indirect Speech 1. Lynn: Where do you find giant snails? Lucy: On the ends of their fingers. →Lynn asked where she found giant snails. 2. Lynn: Why is “U” the happiest letter? Lucy:Because it is in the middle of fun. →Lynn asked why “U” was the happiest letter. 3. Lynn: What do you call a deer with no eyes? Lucy: No idea (No Eye Deer.) →Lynn asked what she called a deer with no eyes. 4. Lynn: When does the (English) alphabet have only 25 letters? Lucy: At Christmas time, because it is the time of Noel(No L). →Lynn asked when the (English) alphabet had only 25 letters. 3. 直接引语是祈使句时 1.said/ said to要变成begged/advised/asked/told/ordered/warned等可跟不定式作宾补的动词。 2.呼语变宾语, please要去掉。 3. Let's开头的祈使句。 I said to him, “Let’s start at once.” →I suggested to him that we (should) start at once. Have a try: Multiple choices 1. The man said to me, “Please send for a doctor now!” →The man ____ me _____ for a doctor. A. ordered...to send...then B. told ...send...now C. asked...to send...then D. asked...send...now 2. The mother said, “Be friendly to others, son.” →The mother ______ friendly to others. A. asked her son be B. ordered her son to be C. told her son be D. told her son to be 祈使句变为间接引语的规律 一改 (主句谓语动词) 二变 (呼语为宾语) 三加 (动词前加to) 四去 (please) C D 4. 感叹句 间接引语为what或how引导, 也可以用that引导。 She said, “What a lovely day it is!” →She said /exclaimed what a lovely day it was. →She said that it was a lovely day. 除了say,间接引语谓语动词可根据语义选择其它动词。 “I did it.” →He admitted that he had done it. “He was rude to me.” →She complained he’d been rude to her. “You are late.” →He whispered that I was late. “I can speak six languages.” →He boasted he could speak six languages. 直接引语变间接引语 一从句时态变化 1. Mrs. Johnson said, “I drew the picture last week.” →Mrs. Johnson said that __________the picture _____________. A.she drew...the week before B.I had drawn ...that week C. she had drawn ...the week before D.I drew ...the last week 2. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” →The man thought that ____ take it back ________. A. I shall...tomorrow B. I shall...the next day C. he should...tomorrow D. he would ...the next day 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时  过去进行时 一般将来时  过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时  一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时(不变) C D 以下情况从句动词形式无需变化 1.客观真理 2.虚拟语气 “If I had the instruction manual, I would know what to do.” said Tom. →Tom said that if he had the instruction manual, he would know what to do. 3.某些情态动词, 如would, might, could, had better, used to等。 “We used to work in the same department,” Paul said. →Paul said that they used to work in the same department. 4.过去进行时 Dick said, “I was repairing my computer at nine o’clock last night.” →Dick said (that) he was repairing his computer at nine o’clock the night before. 注意：如主句谓语动词为一般现在时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语的原来时态。 1. He says, “I’m one of the top students in my school.” →He says he’s one of the top students in his school. 2. He will say, “I have watered the flowers.” →He will say (that) he has watered the flowers. 人称变化 1. He said, “I've left my book in my room.” → He said (that) he had left his book in his room. 2. She said to Tom, “Can you help me with my luggage?” →She asked Tom if he could help her with her luggage. 3. She said, “He will be busy.” →She said (that) he would be busy. 请记住下面的顺口溜：“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新” 如：He often says, “I shall tell you about them.” →He often says (that) he shall tell me about them. 指示代词、地点副词和少数动词 直 接 间 接 直接 间接 this that these those here there come go bring take now then three years ago three years before last week/ year the week/ year before this year that year next week/ year the next week/year today that day yesterday the day before tomorrow the next /following day the day after tomorrow in two days’ time the day before yesterday two days before/earlier three days ago three days before Conclusion 直接引语改间接引语“过四关” 去掉引号后,事实上是一个含宾语从句的主从复合句(祈使句除外)。 主语+谓语+引导词(that/ whether, if/ wh-) +作宾语的句子 1.引导词:判断句子类别, 选择引导词:that/ whether,if /特殊疑问词 2.语序:陈述语序;注意人称变化--I主Ⅱ宾Ⅲ不变 3.时态:主句(过去时)+从句(相应的过去时) 主句(现在/将来时)+从句(不变) 注意:无雷变化的特殊情况(真理、虚拟、部分情态动词、过去进行) 4.细节:指示代词、地点副词、少数动词和时间状语 Have a try: Fill in blanks (1)He said, “Please come here again tomorrow.” →He _____(ordered/asked) ___ ___ ___ _____ again _____________. (2)The teacher said to the boy, “Is this book yours?” →The teacher ______ the boy ________________________________. (3) “When will the sports meet be held?” he said. →_______________________________________________________. (4) “It is never too late to learn,” my teacher told me yesterday. →_______________________________________________________. (5) She said that she could help me that day. →_______________________________________________________. (6) He asked where I had gone the day before. →_______________________________________________________. asked me to go there the next day asked if/whether the book was his He asked when the sports meet would be held My teacher told me yesterday that it is never too late to learn She said, “I can help you today.” He asked, “Where did you go yesterday?” $