精品解析：河南南阳市宛城区南阳市第一中学校2025-2026学年春期高一第二次教学检测英语试题

南阳一中2026年春期第二次教学检测 英 语 试 题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the speakers do next? A. Discuss how to help. B. Volunteer to clear the roads. C. Call on more volunteers. 2. How much does the man need to pay in total? A. $200. B. $100. C. $150. 3. How does the man feel now? A. Relieved. B. Anxious. C. Regretful. 4. When do the speakers need to check in? A. At 10:00. B. At 10:15. C. At 10:30. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the library. B. In the teaching building. C. In the rehearsal room. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. A book. B. A battle. C. A game. 7. What’s the man’s favorite part about it? A. The strategies. B. The various experiences. C. The traditional style. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why was Nelson unhappy? A. He failed an English writing test. B. He lost one point in a sports match. C. He narrowly missed out on a prize. 9. Who gave advice to Nelson for the competition? A. His teacher. B. His friend. C. His sister. 10. How does Helen encourage Nelson? A. By sharing her experience. B. By quoting a famous saying. C. By offering practical tips. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What does Dr Ford do? A. A professor. B. A manager. C. A dentist. 12. Why is 9:00 a. m. not a suitable time for the man? A. He has to be at work by 8:30. B. He’s worried about traffic. C. He has to take his son to school then. 13. When is the appointment scheduled for? A. At 8:30 a. m. on Thursday. B. At 9:00 a. m. on Thursday. C. At 9:30 a. m. on Thursday. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 15. What month is it now? A. September. B. October. C. November. 16. What sport was the man involved in? A. Football. B. Swimming. C. Basketball. 17. What does the man probably want to be in the future? A. A doctor. B. An athlete. C. An artist. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the purpose of the announcement? A. To encourage students to join the science club. B. To show the achievements of the science club. C. To introduce a science exhibition and related preparations. 19. What are students involved in the environmental protection project trying to do? A. Save water and electricity. B. Reduce plastic waste in daily life. C. Plant more trees in the schoolyard. 20. Which students are welcome to join the event? A. Those who like science and new ideas. B. Those who are good at public speaking. C. Those with excellent grades in science. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Castle in the Clouds is currently offering the newest field trip package priced at $10 per student, with help from the Castle Teacher Advisory Group who assess the activity every week. With this field trip, our Education Team will work with you for a visit which best matches your curriculum(课程)and addresses the specific demands of your students. Use the chart below to build your field trip! Start by Choosing One Guided Tour ·Include a Lucknow Highlights tour facilitated by our Education Team ·Include a worksheet to use during the tour ·Pre-visit and post-visit activities ·A 60-minute tour plus 30 minutes for travelling to and from the Castle on the streetcar ·Students must be divided into groups of 8 ·1 guardian for every 10 students is free * Timing is based on 24 students, the maximum number of students the Castle can accommodate at a time. Self-Guided Tour ·Include works for students, a streetcar ride, and previsit and post-visit activities ·Able to tour at your own pace, interact with museum interpreters, and read Explore More Cards ·We recommend 60 minutes for your tour and 30 minutes for travelling to and from the Castle on the streetcar ·Students must be divided into groups of 5 ·1 guardian for every 5 students is free Want More? Add on a Castle Experience, $5 per student * Please book your add-on experience at least one month in advance. Hike ·Landscape History ·Nature & Ecology Garden Tour Hike & Write Art If interested, please fill out the Field Trip Request Form! 1. What is the advantage of the field trip? A. It can be customized. B. It requires no booking. C. It is hosted frequently. D. It is cheaper for groups. 2. How is Guided Tour different from Self-Guided Tour? A. It offers guarding service. B. It allows larger group sizes. C. It has no timing limitation. D. It hands out workbooks. 3. Which combination suits an art lover wanting a self-paced experience? A. Self-Guided Tour+ add-on Art. B. Guided Tour+ add-on Garden Tour. C. Self-Guided Tour+ add-on Hike. D. Guided Tour+ add-on Hike& Write. B Seven children line up,awaiting their turn on a slide. As each child rushes down, the ones behind laugh and cheer. Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s suburbs, a garbage-site-turned- park is providing room for kids to play. The project is the brainchild of 17-year-old Amara Nwuneli,who wants to prove that even in Lagos’ most crowded corners, children can have fun. For Amara, the path to building parks began when a terrible flood struck her hometown in 2020. Heavy rains swallowed entire neighborhoods, leaving thousands of families homeless. “People just said it was government failure or bad luck. ”Amara recalls. But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s “climate apathy” : the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated (孤立的) incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet. “I wanted to change the mindset,” Amara says. “If people don’t feel connected to nature, they won’t fight to protect it. And I knew that had to start with creating spaces people could actually see and feel.” It was no easy task. Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed (施加) restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends, she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities. Eventually, Amara secured a garbage site. She then mobilized a team of artists, volunteers, and small donors to clear the trash and rebuild the site with recycled materials. Three months later, the park opened. Amara is now planning two more parks. She says communities from across the country have been reaching out to her team for advice on how to recycle abandoned spaces for public use. “That creates a kind of cycle,” Amara reflects. “I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.” 4. What might be a problem Lagos is facing? A. Insufficient public areas. B. Poor garbage management. C. Limited recreational (娱乐的) activities. D. Uncontrolled population growth. 5. What made Amara determined to build parks? A. Losses from natural disasters. B. People’s ignorance of climate change. C. Disappointment in government failure. D. Nigeria’s inadequacy in public education. 6. What quality does Amara demonstrate when completing the project? A. Integrity. B. Optimism. C. Flexibility. D. Patience. 7. What does Amara want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Small steps make a big difference. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. All roads lead to Rome. D. It is never too late to act. C It was 3:30 in the morning. I was holding my baby, scrolling through eBay and feeling groggy(昏昏沉沉的). I had a brief out-of-body experience, seeing myself as an outsider. There was my baby, gazing up at me, and there was me, looking down at my phone. I was horrified. It was then that I decided to “break up” with my phone and set better boundaries. Our most time-sucking apps are designed to grab our attention because that’s how their creators make money. These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our attention and data are sold. We are not the customers of these apps; advertisers are. We are the product, tricked into giving our most valuable asset(资产)—our attention—away for free. We only experience what we pay attention to; we only remember what we pay attention to. Sure, there are many reasons to pay attention to our phones. But like time, our attention is limited: Every minute spent scrolling is a minute not spent on something else. App makers use psychological tricks from gambling. These tricks control the release of dopamine(多巴胺), a chemical that motivates us to repeat behaviors. This system doesn’t distinguish between good and bad behaviors—it just encourages repetition. Phones and apps are packed with dopamine triggers. Bright colors, novelty, unpredictability, and rewards like social approval are all dopamine triggers. This is why social media, news, email, games and shopping apps are so addictive. If we don’t recognize what is happening and fight back, we risk becoming like lab rats trained to press a lever(控制杆) for food. One of the first steps I took was to minimize my exposure to dopamine triggers by turning off most notifications(通知), hiding or deleting my most time-sucking apps, and turning my phone’s screen to black and white. I also banned my phone from my bedroom and the dining table and charged it in a closet at night. My relationship with my phone still isn’t perfect—no relationship ever is. But it has improved in ways I never would have anticipated. 8. Why did the author decide to “break up” with her phone? A. She needed more sleep. B. She found apps too boring. C. She wanted to reduce her spending on eBay. D. She realized her attention was being guided unfairly. 9. Who are the real customers of apps in the “attention economy” according to the author? A. Phone users. B. Advertisers. C. App creators. D. Data analysts. 10. How do app makers make their apps addictive? A. By limiting user choices. B. By targeting dopamine triggers. C. By providing useful content. D. By offering various rewards. 11. What does the author want to convey in this article? A. Breaking up with your phone is easy. B. Phones are designed to be addictive. C. Don’t let your phone steal your attention. D. More time should be devoted to family. D Understanding a proof in a math textbook is one thing; being able to reconstruct it without help is another thing. My classmates and I learned this the hard way at university. Most of our exams were oral exams, and nothing exposes a lack of deep knowledge faster than trying to explain a concept to someone. Unlike written exams, where visual learners may be able to parrot back memorized notes that they barely understand, an oral test demands creative thinking in real time. When presented with a problem, students not only need to recall relevant definitions and theories, but they also need to apply them-sometimes in ways they never anticipated. Students often fall into a familiar trap. They read the textbooks, highlight key passages, and review lecture notes. These activities feel productive, but when exam day arrives, a student will often realize their passive familiarity with the material doesn’t translate into the ability to apply it. Nor does it translate into a good grade. Passive learning is misleading. It feels like we’re making progress, but without actually applying what we learn, it slips away quickly. Consuming information is not the same as developing skills. The cognitive psychologist Daniel T. Willingham explains the distinction between passive and active learning when he writes, “Memory is the result of thought.” In other words, we forget most of what we encounter and remember only what we think about. Reading about calculations doesn’t automatically create the neural pathways needed to solve calculating problems. Those pathways only form through deliberate practice: by solving problems, making mistakes, and experiencing the struggle. As a general rule, the harder your brain works during practice, the better it performs when it matters. To truly master something, you should embrace challenges and accept the slow, often frustrating, pace of true learning. The oral math exam was valuable because it broke the illusion of passive learning. Standing in front of the professor, faced with a problem, there’s nowhere to hide. The pressure to produce mathematics revealed the true state of our understanding. To truly know what we don’t know, we should simulate our own oral exams by picturing an imaginary professor asking questions and forcing ourselves to figure out answers on our own. 12. What does the underlined phrase “parrot back” mean in paragraph 2? A. Repeat mechanically. B. Appreciate deeply. C. Apply creatively. D. Forget quickly. 13. Why do students fall into the learning trap? A. Because of over-reliance on textbooks. B. Because of brilliant exam performance. C. Because of a false sense of competence. D. Because of overemphasis on memory skills. 14. Which of the following statements might Daniel T. Willingham agree with? A. Repeated exposure strengthens memories. B. Active engagement builds solid memory. C. Memory improves with extensive reading. D. Learning occurs when teachers ask questions. 15. What would be the best title for the text? A. Passive Learning: The Silent Killer of Exams B. Conscious Practice: The Best Way to Learn Math C. Oral Math Exams: The Frustrating University Tests D. Active Learning: The Key to Mastering Knowledge 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The pros and cons of artificial intelligence(AI) With the massive increase in the use of AI in our everyday lives along with algorithms(算法)that are constantly improving, what are the pros and cons of these powerful technologies? Is AI a force for good, for evil or somewhere in between? ·Pros of AI Fewer errors. Humans can get tired or distracted, leading to mistakes. AI, however, can operate 24/7 without getting tired, providing consistent performance. ____16____. Rapid data analysis. AI excels at processing vast amounts of data at incredible speeds. What might take humans days to analyze, AI can do within minutes, enabling quick insights and data-driven decision-making. ____17____, where timely information is crucial. ·Cons of AI ____18____. AI can replace jobs, especially those involving repetitive or dangerous tasks. While this can free humans to engage in more creative and fulfilling work, it can also lead to job displacement. The long-term effect could be positive, but there may be growing pains. Moral dilemmas. ____19____. For instance, in a potential accident, an autonomous vehicle must choose the lesser evil based on its programming, not human instincts. This poses significant moral challenges. AI’s potential to analyze vast amounts of data and perform tasks tirelessly presents both opportunities and challenges. ____20____, understanding its limitations and moral implications is crucial. A. Job losses B. Limitation of creativity C. While it offers many benefits D. Although AI has many disadvantages E. AI operates purely on logic, which can create moral issues F. This makes AI ideal for repetitive tasks, reducing errors and improving safety G. This capability is invaluable in fields such as finance, healthcare and marketing 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Each of us struggles for self-respect and self-worth to some degree. I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life. I was a happy kid with a lot of friends and a supportive family. But growing up was really___21___ and even scary sometimes.   During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included people’s viewing my achievements or my___22___. I wanted everyone’s praise and acceptance, but I was my own toughest critic (挑剔的人).   After I graduated from high school, my desire to be “thin” began to trouble me. I began trying to diet by ___23___ my food.   In the beginning, I felt great—attractive and successful, almost superhuman. I even thought that I was better than everyone else. What I didn’t see was that I was slowly___24___ myself.   People around me began to notice my weight loss. They said with concern. “You’re losing too much weight. ” “Elisa, you’re so thin. ” All their words only suggested that I was getting closer to “___25___”.   Sadly, I took my physical___26___ the first important in my life, ___27___ that it was the way to become successful and accepted.   Then I cut down my food more and more, until a ___28___ day consisted of half a teaspoon of non-fat yoghurt and coffee in the morning, and a cup of grapes at night.   But my poor ___29___ began to cause me to lose ____30____. Then one night, like many nights before, I couldn’t sleep, and my heart felt as though it might beat out of my chest. I tried to ____31____, but I couldn’t. The beating became so rapid and so strong that I could no longer ____32____. What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down. I was really ____33____, and I knew I needed help. My roommate rushed me to the hospital, beginning the long road to my ____34____. It took a lot—doctors, nurses, nutritionists, food supplements. . .   And most importantly, a sense of what was true about myself got back on track with reality. I realized that, with my____35____ of trying to be “perfect” on the outside, I had sacrificed who I was on the inside. What I know now is, we are—each and every one of us—already perfect. 21. A. natural B. easy C. hard D. possible 22. A. natures B. backgrounds C. scores D. failures 23. A. controlling B. checking C. collecting D. balancing 24. A. killing B. forgetting C. asking D. questioning 25. A. perfection B. devotion C. destination D. attention 26. A. strength B. exercise C. appearance D. examination 27. A. believing B. realizing C. pretending D. declaring 28. A. pleasant B. difficult C. typical D. different 29. A. memory B. nutrition C. knowledge D. taste 30. A. weight B. hope C. sleep D. job 31. A. relax B. walk C. cry D. talk 32. A. breathe B. resist C. wake D. remember 33. A. scared B. annoyed C. discouraged D. disappointed 34. A. glory B. discovery C. recovery D. victory 35. A. skill B. decision C. experience D. deal 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The mothers of Mother’s Day How do you celebrate Mother’s Day? Nowadays, Mother’s Day is about gift-giving ____36____ the origins of this celebration are quite different. Julia Ward Howe was the first person ____37____ (propose) a mother’s day in the United States. In 1872, she set up Mother’s Peace Day in Boston, ____38____ became a yearly celebration in a number of cities. But Mother’s Peace Day never became an official holiday. Mother’s Day, as we now know, instead owes it origin ____39____ the efforts of Ann and Anna Jarvis. In 1858, Ann began a tradition of Mother’s Work Days. She asked doctors to teach her and her ____40____ (neighbor) how to improve the health of their families. She also ____41____ (organize) women’s clubs that provided medicine for the poor and helped families where the mother was sick. Ann wished that there could be a ____42____ (globe) holiday celebrating mothers. When she died on 9 May 1905, her daughter Anna wanted to fulfill her mother’s wish. On the ____43____ (three) anniversary of her mother’s death, Anna gave a speech, asking people of all ages to remember their mothers by words and gifts. ____44____ idea spread quickly throughout the country. In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson decided that the second Sunday in May would ____45____ (celebrate) as Mother’s Day. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是学生会主席李华，请你以学生会的名义，拟定一份倡议书，针对目前环境污染的问题，呼吁全校师生“低碳环保”，内容要点如下： 1．环境污染现状及危害 2．相关措施（绿色出行、节约资源等） 3．保护环境，人人有责，从我做起。 注意：1．词数：120左右；2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear teachers and students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南阳一中2026年春期第二次教学检测 英 语 试 题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What will the speakers do next? A. Discuss how to help. B. Volunteer to clear the roads. C. Call on more volunteers. 2. How much does the man need to pay in total? A. $200. B. $100. C. $150. 3. How does the man feel now? A. Relieved. B. Anxious. C. Regretful. 4. When do the speakers need to check in? A. At 10:00. B. At 10:15. C. At 10:30. 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In the library. B. In the teaching building. C. In the rehearsal room. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. A book. B. A battle. C. A game. 7. What’s the man’s favorite part about it? A. The strategies. B. The various experiences. C. The traditional style. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Why was Nelson unhappy? A. He failed an English writing test. B. He lost one point in a sports match. C. He narrowly missed out on a prize. 9. Who gave advice to Nelson for the competition? A. His teacher. B. His friend. C. His sister. 10. How does Helen encourage Nelson? A. By sharing her experience. B. By quoting a famous saying. C. By offering practical tips. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. What does Dr Ford do? A. A professor. B. A manager. C. A dentist. 12. Why is 9:00 a. m. not a suitable time for the man? A. He has to be at work by 8:30. B. He’s worried about traffic. C. He has to take his son to school then. 13. When is the appointment scheduled for? A. At 8:30 a. m. on Thursday. B. At 9:00 a. m. on Thursday. C. At 9:30 a. m. on Thursday. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 15. What month is it now? A. September. B. October. C. November. 16. What sport was the man involved in? A. Football. B. Swimming. C. Basketball. 17. What does the man probably want to be in the future? A. A doctor. B. An athlete. C. An artist. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the purpose of the announcement? A. To encourage students to join the science club. B. To show the achievements of the science club. C. To introduce a science exhibition and related preparations. 19. What are students involved in the environmental protection project trying to do? A. Save water and electricity. B. Reduce plastic waste in daily life. C. Plant more trees in the schoolyard. 20. Which students are welcome to join the event? A. Those who like science and new ideas. B. Those who are good at public speaking. C. Those with excellent grades in science. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Castle in the Clouds is currently offering the newest field trip package priced at $10 per student, with help from the Castle Teacher Advisory Group who assess the activity every week. With this field trip, our Education Team will work with you for a visit which best matches your curriculum(课程)and addresses the specific demands of your students. Use the chart below to build your field trip! Start by Choosing One Guided Tour ·Include a Lucknow Highlights tour facilitated by our Education Team ·Include a worksheet to use during the tour ·Pre-visit and post-visit activities ·A 60-minute tour plus 30 minutes for travelling to and from the Castle on the streetcar ·Students must be divided into groups of 8 ·1 guardian for every 10 students is free * Timing is based on 24 students, the maximum number of students the Castle can accommodate at a time. Self-Guided Tour ·Include works for students, a streetcar ride, and previsit and post-visit activities ·Able to tour at your own pace, interact with museum interpreters, and read Explore More Cards ·We recommend 60 minutes for your tour and 30 minutes for travelling to and from the Castle on the streetcar ·Students must be divided into groups of 5 ·1 guardian for every 5 students is free Want More? Add on a Castle Experience, $5 per student * Please book your add-on experience at least one month in advance. Hike ·Landscape History ·Nature & Ecology Garden Tour Hike & Write Art If interested, please fill out the Field Trip Request Form! 1. What is the advantage of the field trip? A. It can be customized. B. It requires no booking. C. It is hosted frequently. D. It is cheaper for groups. 2. How is Guided Tour different from Self-Guided Tour? A. It offers guarding service. B. It allows larger group sizes. C. It has no timing limitation. D. It hands out workbooks. 3. Which combination suits an art lover wanting a self-paced experience? A. Self-Guided Tour+ add-on Art. B. Guided Tour+ add-on Garden Tour. C. Self-Guided Tour+ add-on Hike. D. Guided Tour+ add-on Hike& Write. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍Castle in the Clouds推出10美元/学生的定制化校外考察套餐，分导览和自助两种游览方式，可额外加购徒步、艺术等体验，部分附加项目需提前预约。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“With this field trip, our Education Team will work with you for a visit which best matches your curriculum(课程)and addresses the specific demands of your students.( 通过这次实地考察，我们的教育团队将与您合作安排最适合您课程内容的参观活动，并满足您学生的具体需求。)”可知，实地考察的优势是可以个性化定制。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Guided Tour 部分“Students must be divided into groups of 8(学生必须分成每组 8 人的小组)”；Self-Guided Tour部分“Students must be divided into groups of 5(学生必须分成每组 5 人的小组)”可知，导览团和自助团的核心区别之一是分组规模不同，导览团要求8人一组，自助团要求5人一组，导览团允许更大的小组规模。故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Self-Guided Tour 部分“Able to tour at your own pace, interact with museum interpreters, and read Explore More Cards(能按照自己的节奏游览、与博物馆讲解员互动并阅读“探索更多卡片”)”以及Add on a Castle Experience 部分包含Art（艺术体验）可推知，对于一位喜欢艺术且希望拥有自主体验的爱好者来说，自导游+附加艺术体验组合会更适合。故选A项。 B Seven children line up,awaiting their turn on a slide. As each child rushes down, the ones behind laugh and cheer. Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s suburbs, a garbage-site-turned- park is providing room for kids to play. The project is the brainchild of 17-year-old Amara Nwuneli,who wants to prove that even in Lagos’ most crowded corners, children can have fun. For Amara, the path to building parks began when a terrible flood struck her hometown in 2020. Heavy rains swallowed entire neighborhoods, leaving thousands of families homeless. “People just said it was government failure or bad luck. ”Amara recalls. But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s “climate apathy” : the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated (孤立的) incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet. “I wanted to change the mindset,” Amara says. “If people don’t feel connected to nature, they won’t fight to protect it. And I knew that had to start with creating spaces people could actually see and feel.” It was no easy task. Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed (施加) restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends, she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities. Eventually, Amara secured a garbage site. She then mobilized a team of artists, volunteers, and small donors to clear the trash and rebuild the site with recycled materials. Three months later, the park opened. Amara is now planning two more parks. She says communities from across the country have been reaching out to her team for advice on how to recycle abandoned spaces for public use. “That creates a kind of cycle,” Amara reflects. “I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.” 4. What might be a problem Lagos is facing? A. Insufficient public areas. B. Poor garbage management. C. Limited recreational (娱乐的) activities. D. Uncontrolled population growth. 5. What made Amara determined to build parks? A. Losses from natural disasters. B. People’s ignorance of climate change. C. Disappointment in government failure. D. Nigeria’s inadequacy in public education. 6. What quality does Amara demonstrate when completing the project? A. Integrity. B. Optimism. C. Flexibility. D. Patience. 7. What does Amara want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Small steps make a big difference. B. Every cloud has a silver lining. C. All roads lead to Rome. D. It is never too late to act. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。讲述了17岁的阿玛拉·努威利在尼日利亚拉各斯将垃圾场改造成公园，以此改变人们对气候和自然的冷漠态度，并带动更多人行动起来的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Such scene is rare in Lagos, one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, with a population of about 17 million. But on the city’s suburbs, a garbage-site-turned- park is providing room for kids to play. (这样的场景在拉各斯十分罕见，这座非洲增长最快的城市之一，约有1700万人口。但在城市郊区，一个由垃圾场改造而成的公园为孩子们提供了玩耍的空间。)”可知，拉各斯面临的问题是公共活动区域不足。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But, later, she realized it was what was called Nigeria’s “climate apathy”: the tendency to view floods, heat waves, and droughts as isolated incidents rather than consequences of a warming planet. (但是，后来，她意识到这就是所谓的尼日利亚“气候冷漠”：将洪水、热浪和干旱看作孤立事件，而不是地球变暖的后果。)”以及第三段“I wanted to change the mindset. (我想要改变这种心态。)”可知，是人们对气候变化的无知和漠视让阿玛拉决心建造公园。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Amara first approached the Lagos State Government, which offered land but imposed (施加) restrictions that made long-term construction impossible. After months of dead ends,she shifted strategy and started looking for alternative spaces that were accessible to high-risk communities. Eventually, Amara secured a garbage site. (阿玛拉首先向拉各斯州政府提出了申请，该政府提供了土地，但附加了一些限制条件，使得长期建设变得不可能。经过数月的无果努力后，她改变了策略，开始寻找那些对高风险社区来说易于到达的替代场地。最终，阿玛拉获得了一个垃圾场的使用。)”可知，她在遇到困难时及时调整策略，体现出灵活变通的品质。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘I take action, others notice, they want to take action, too. And together, it grows.’ (我采取行动，别人看到，他们也想行动。然后一起行动，影响就会扩大。)”可知，阿玛拉想传达的是：小小的行动也能带来巨大改变。故选A。 C It was 3:30 in the morning. I was holding my baby, scrolling through eBay and feeling groggy(昏昏沉沉的). I had a brief out-of-body experience, seeing myself as an outsider. There was my baby, gazing up at me, and there was me, looking down at my phone. I was horrified. It was then that I decided to “break up” with my phone and set better boundaries. Our most time-sucking apps are designed to grab our attention because that’s how their creators make money. These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our attention and data are sold. We are not the customers of these apps; advertisers are. We are the product, tricked into giving our most valuable asset(资产)—our attention—away for free. We only experience what we pay attention to; we only remember what we pay attention to. Sure, there are many reasons to pay attention to our phones. But like time, our attention is limited: Every minute spent scrolling is a minute not spent on something else. App makers use psychological tricks from gambling. These tricks control the release of dopamine(多巴胺), a chemical that motivates us to repeat behaviors. This system doesn’t distinguish between good and bad behaviors—it just encourages repetition. Phones and apps are packed with dopamine triggers. Bright colors, novelty, unpredictability, and rewards like social approval are all dopamine triggers. This is why social media, news, email, games and shopping apps are so addictive. If we don’t recognize what is happening and fight back, we risk becoming like lab rats trained to press a lever(控制杆) for food. One of the first steps I took was to minimize my exposure to dopamine triggers by turning off most notifications(通知), hiding or deleting my most time-sucking apps, and turning my phone’s screen to black and white. I also banned my phone from my bedroom and the dining table and charged it in a closet at night. My relationship with my phone still isn’t perfect—no relationship ever is. But it has improved in ways I never would have anticipated. 8. Why did the author decide to “break up” with her phone? A. She needed more sleep. B. She found apps too boring. C. She wanted to reduce her spending on eBay. D. She realized her attention was being guided unfairly. 9. Who are the real customers of apps in the “attention economy” according to the author? A. Phone users. B. Advertisers. C. App creators. D. Data analysts. 10. How do app makers make their apps addictive? A. By limiting user choices. B. By targeting dopamine triggers. C. By providing useful content. D. By offering various rewards. 11. What does the author want to convey in this article? A. Breaking up with your phone is easy. B. Phones are designed to be addictive. C. Don’t let your phone steal your attention. D. More time should be devoted to family. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因凌晨沉迷手机忽略孩子，决定与手机划清界限；文章揭露应用程序借注意力经济收割注意力，利用多巴胺触发点造成瘾性，并分享了自己的应对方法。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“It was 3:30 in the morning. I was holding my baby, scrolling through eBay and feeling groggy. I had a brief out-of-body experience, seeing myself as an outsider. There was my baby, gazing up at me, and there was me, looking down at my phone. I was horrified. It was then that I decided to “break up” with my phone and set better boundaries.( 当时是凌晨三点三十分。我抱着我的宝宝，一边浏览着易贝网站，一边感到昏昏欲睡。我有过一次短暂的“灵魂出窍”的体验，感觉自己仿佛置身事外。画面中是我的宝宝，正抬头望着我，而我则低头看着手机。我感到非常震惊。就在那时，我决定“与手机断绝关系”，并设定更好的界限。)”以及第二段中“Our most time-sucking apps are designed to grab our attention because that’s how their creators make money.( 那些最耗费我们时间的应用程序之所以设计得能吸引我们的注意力，是因为这是其开发者赚钱的方式。)”可推知，作者的核心触动是意识到自己的注意力正被手机不合理地占据和引导，忽略了身边的孩子，这是她决定与手机划清界限的根本原因。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“These apps are part of the “attention economy”, where our attention and data are sold. We are not the customers of these apps; advertisers are.( 这些应用程序是“注意力经济”的一部分，在这种经济模式中，我们的注意力和数据被出售。我们并非这些应用程序的客户；广告商才是。)”可知，根据作者的观点，在“注意力经济”中，应用程序的真正用户广告商。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Phones and apps are packed with dopamine triggers. Bright colors, novelty, unpredictability, and rewards like social approval are all dopamine triggers. This is why social media, news, email, games and shopping apps are so addictive.( 手机和应用程序中充斥着能刺激多巴胺分泌的元素。鲜艳的色彩、新奇感、不确定性以及诸如获得社会认可之类的奖励，都是多巴胺的刺激因素。这就是为什么社交媒体、新闻、电子邮件、游戏和购物应用程序如此容易让人上瘾。)”可知，应用程序开发者通过设置各类多巴胺触发点（鲜艳色彩、新鲜感、不可预测性、社交认可等）刺激多巴胺分泌，促使使用者重复使用行为，让应用程序产生成瘾性。故选B项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第五段中“If we don’t recognize what is happening and fight back, we risk becoming like lab rats trained to press a lever(控制杆) for food.( 如果我们不意识到正在发生的事情并加以抵制，我们就有可能变得像那些被训练去按控制杆获取食物的实验鼠一样。)”可知，文章以作者自身沉迷手机的经历为切入点，揭露“注意力经济”下应用程序刻意抢夺注意力的本质，分析应用程序利用多巴胺触发点造成成瘾性的原理，还分享了自己对抗手机沉迷的方法，核心主旨是提醒读者警惕手机对注意力的侵占，主动守护自己的注意力。故选C项。 D Understanding a proof in a math textbook is one thing; being able to reconstruct it without help is another thing. My classmates and I learned this the hard way at university. Most of our exams were oral exams, and nothing exposes a lack of deep knowledge faster than trying to explain a concept to someone. Unlike written exams, where visual learners may be able to parrot back memorized notes that they barely understand, an oral test demands creative thinking in real time. When presented with a problem, students not only need to recall relevant definitions and theories, but they also need to apply them-sometimes in ways they never anticipated. Students often fall into a familiar trap. They read the textbooks, highlight key passages, and review lecture notes. These activities feel productive, but when exam day arrives, a student will often realize their passive familiarity with the material doesn’t translate into the ability to apply it. Nor does it translate into a good grade. Passive learning is misleading. It feels like we’re making progress, but without actually applying what we learn, it slips away quickly. Consuming information is not the same as developing skills. The cognitive psychologist Daniel T. Willingham explains the distinction between passive and active learning when he writes, “Memory is the result of thought.” In other words, we forget most of what we encounter and remember only what we think about. Reading about calculations doesn’t automatically create the neural pathways needed to solve calculating problems. Those pathways only form through deliberate practice: by solving problems, making mistakes, and experiencing the struggle. As a general rule, the harder your brain works during practice, the better it performs when it matters. To truly master something, you should embrace challenges and accept the slow, often frustrating, pace of true learning. The oral math exam was valuable because it broke the illusion of passive learning. Standing in front of the professor, faced with a problem, there’s nowhere to hide. The pressure to produce mathematics revealed the true state of our understanding. To truly know what we don’t know, we should simulate our own oral exams by picturing an imaginary professor asking questions and forcing ourselves to figure out answers on our own. 12. What does the underlined phrase “parrot back” mean in paragraph 2? A. Repeat mechanically. B. Appreciate deeply. C. Apply creatively. D. Forget quickly. 13. Why do students fall into the learning trap? A. Because of over-reliance on textbooks. B. Because of brilliant exam performance. C. Because of a false sense of competence. D. Because of overemphasis on memory skills. 14. Which of the following statements might Daniel T. Willingham agree with? A. Repeated exposure strengthens memories. B. Active engagement builds solid memory. C. Memory improves with extensive reading. D. Learning occurs when teachers ask questions. 15. What would be the best title for the text? A. Passive Learning: The Silent Killer of Exams B. Conscious Practice: The Best Way to Learn Math C. Oral Math Exams: The Frustrating University Tests D. Active Learning: The Key to Mastering Knowledge 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了被动学习无法让人真正掌握知识，通过大学数学口试的经历，强调主动学习、刻意练习才是掌握知识的关键。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Unlike written exams, where visual learners may be able to parrot back memorized notes that they barely understand, an oral test demands creative thinking in real time.(与笔试不同，视觉学习者在笔试中可能会对自己几乎不理解的背诵笔记进行parrot back，而口试则需要实时的创造性思维。)”可知，笔试中学习者可能只是重复记忆的笔记，并未真正理解，与口试的创造性思维形成对比。因此“parrot back”表示“机械重复”。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These activities feel productive, but when exam day arrives, a student will often realize their passive familiarity with the material doesn’t translate into the ability to apply it. Nor does it translate into a good grade. Passive learning is misleading. It feels like we’re making progress, but without actually applying what we learn, it slips away quickly.(这些活动让人感觉很有成效，但当考试日到来时，学生往往会意识到，他们对材料的被动熟悉并不能转化为应用能力，也不能转化为好成绩。被动学习具有误导性。感觉我们在进步，但如果不实际应用所学，知识很快就会溜走。)”可知，学生陷入学习陷阱是因为被动学习带来了虚假的能力感，让他们误以为自己掌握了知识。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The cognitive psychologist Daniel T. Willingham explains the distinction between passive and active learning when he writes, “Memory is the result of thought.” In other words, we forget most of what we encounter and remember only what we think about.(认知心理学家丹尼尔·T·威林厄姆在解释被动学习和主动学习的区别时写道：“记忆是思考的结果。”换句话说，我们会忘记大部分遇到的东西，只记住我们思考过的东西。)”可知，威林厄姆认为记忆源于思考，即主动参与才能形成牢固的记忆。故选B项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章通过大学数学口试的经历引出被动学习的弊端，引用心理学家的观点强调“记忆是思考的结果”，并指出主动练习、迎接挑战才是真正掌握知识的方式，所以题目“主动学习是掌握知识的关键”概括了全文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The pros and cons of artificial intelligence(AI) With the massive increase in the use of AI in our everyday lives along with algorithms(算法)that are constantly improving, what are the pros and cons of these powerful technologies? Is AI a force for good, for evil or somewhere in between? ·Pros of AI Fewer errors. Humans can get tired or distracted, leading to mistakes. AI, however, can operate 24/7 without getting tired, providing consistent performance. ____16____. Rapid data analysis. AI excels at processing vast amounts of data at incredible speeds. What might take humans days to analyze, AI can do within minutes, enabling quick insights and data-driven decision-making. ____17____, where timely information is crucial. ·Cons of AI ____18____. AI can replace jobs, especially those involving repetitive or dangerous tasks. While this can free humans to engage in more creative and fulfilling work, it can also lead to job displacement. The long-term effect could be positive, but there may be growing pains. Moral dilemmas. ____19____. For instance, in a potential accident, an autonomous vehicle must choose the lesser evil based on its programming, not human instincts. This poses significant moral challenges. AI’s potential to analyze vast amounts of data and perform tasks tirelessly presents both opportunities and challenges. ____20____, understanding its limitations and moral implications is crucial. A. Job losses B. Limitation of creativity C. While it offers many benefits D. Although AI has many disadvantages E. AI operates purely on logic, which can create moral issues F. This makes AI ideal for repetitive tasks, reducing errors and improving safety G. This capability is invaluable in fields such as finance, healthcare and marketing 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. A 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了人工智能的利弊，优势包括误差少、数据分析快，弊端有失业问题和道德困境，指出其机遇与挑战并存，需重视其局限性与道德意义。 【16题详解】 上文“Fewer errors. Humans can get tired or distracted, leading to mistakes. AI, however, can operate 24/7 without getting tired, providing consistent performance.( 错误更少。人类可能会疲惫或分心，从而导致错误。然而，人工智能可以全天候运行，不会感到疲倦，能提供稳定的表现。)”阐述AI 的优势 —— 无疲劳、无分心，表现稳定，减少错误。F项“This makes AI ideal for repetitive tasks, reducing errors and improving safety.( 这让 AI 成为重复性工作的理想选择，减少错误并提升安全性。)”中，This指代前文 AI“低误差、持续工作”的特性，且reducing errors与前文“Fewer errors”直接呼应，完美衔接，说明该特性带来的具体应用价值。故选F项。 【17题详解】 上文“AI excels at processing vast amounts of data at incredible speeds. What might take humans days to analyze, AI can do within minutes, enabling quick insights and data-driven decision-making.( 人工智能在处理海量数据方面表现出色，速度惊人。人类可能需要几天时间来分析某些数据，而人工智能可以在几分钟内完成，从而实现快速的洞察和基于数据的决策。)”提到AI 的核心优势 ——高速分析海量数据，能快速得出结论、辅助数据驱动决策。G 项“This capability is invaluable in fields such as finance, healthcare and marketing.( 这种能力在金融、医疗、营销等领域具有不可估量的价值。)”中，This capability指代 AI “快速数据分析”的能力，且后文“where timely information is crucial(及时的信息至关重要)”列举的领域是对“及时信息有高需求”的典型领域，说明该能力的适用场景。故选G项。 【18题详解】 下文“AI can replace jobs, especially those involving repetitive or dangerous tasks. While this can free humans to engage in more creative and fulfilling work, it can also lead to job displacement.( 人工智能可能会取代工作，尤其是那些涉及重复或危险任务的工作。虽然这可以解放人类从事更具创造性和更有意义的工作，但也可能导致工作岗位的流失。)”提到AI 会替代重复性、高危工作，导致工作岗位流失，虽长期有积极影响，但短期存在阵痛。A 项“Job losses(失业问题)”是对后文整段内容的核心概括，作为该段小标题，直接点明 AI 的这一弊端，后文均围绕“AI 造成岗位流失”展开论述，逻辑清晰。故选A项。 【19题详解】 该段小标题为“Moral dilemmas(道德困境)”，核心讲 AI 带来的道德问题。E项“AI operates purely on logic, which can create moral issues.( AI 完全依逻辑运行，这会引发道德问题。)”中，create moral issues与小标题“Moral dilemmas” 直接对应，且后文“For instance, in a potential accident, an autonomous vehicle must choose the lesser evil based on its programming, not human instincts. This poses significant moral challenges.(例如，在可能出现的事故中，自动驾驶车辆必须依据其程序来做出选择，而非依赖人类的直觉。这带来了重大的道德难题。)”以自动驾驶车辆的道德选择为例，正是对“AI 依逻辑运行引发道德问题”的具体举例，起到“总起后文”的作用。故选E项。 【20题详解】 上文“AI’s potential to analyze vast amounts of data and perform tasks tirelessly presents both opportunities and challenges.( 人工智能能够分析海量数据并持续执行任务的这种能力，既带来了机遇，也带来了挑战。)”总结 AI 的双重性 ——兼具机遇与挑战；下文“understanding its limitations and moral implications is crucial.( 理解其局限性和道德影响至关重要。)”说明理解其局限性和道德内涵至关重要。C 项“While it offers many benefits(尽管它带来诸多益处)”中，While引导让步状语，与后文形成“让步 - 转折”逻辑：尽管 AI 有好处，但仍需重视其问题，完美契合前文“机遇与挑战并存”的核心，且it指代 AI，衔接自然。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Each of us struggles for self-respect and self-worth to some degree. I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life. I was a happy kid with a lot of friends and a supportive family. But growing up was really___21___ and even scary sometimes.   During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included people’s viewing my achievements or my___22___. I wanted everyone’s praise and acceptance, but I was my own toughest critic (挑剔的人).   After I graduated from high school, my desire to be “thin” began to trouble me. I began trying to diet by ___23___ my food.   In the beginning, I felt great—attractive and successful, almost superhuman. I even thought that I was better than everyone else. What I didn’t see was that I was slowly___24___ myself.   People around me began to notice my weight loss. They said with concern. “You’re losing too much weight. ” “Elisa, you’re so thin. ” All their words only suggested that I was getting closer to “___25___”.   Sadly, I took my physical___26___ the first important in my life, ___27___ that it was the way to become successful and accepted.   Then I cut down my food more and more, until a ___28___ day consisted of half a teaspoon of non-fat yoghurt and coffee in the morning, and a cup of grapes at night.   But my poor ___29___ began to cause me to lose ____30____. Then one night, like many nights before, I couldn’t sleep, and my heart felt as though it might beat out of my chest. I tried to ____31____, but I couldn’t. The beating became so rapid and so strong that I could no longer ____32____. What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack. I stood up, and immediately fell down. I was really ____33____, and I knew I needed help. My roommate rushed me to the hospital, beginning the long road to my ____34____. It took a lot—doctors, nurses, nutritionists, food supplements. . .   And most importantly, a sense of what was true about myself got back on track with reality. I realized that, with my____35____ of trying to be “perfect” on the outside, I had sacrificed who I was on the inside. What I know now is, we are—each and every one of us—already perfect. 21. A. natural B. easy C. hard D. possible 22. A. natures B. backgrounds C. scores D. failures 23. A. controlling B. checking C. collecting D. balancing 24. A. killing B. forgetting C. asking D. questioning 25. A. perfection B. devotion C. destination D. attention 26. A. strength B. exercise C. appearance D. examination 27. A. believing B. realizing C. pretending D. declaring 28. A. pleasant B. difficult C. typical D. different 29. A. memory B. nutrition C. knowledge D. taste 30. A. weight B. hope C. sleep D. job 31. A. relax B. walk C. cry D. talk 32. A. breathe B. resist C. wake D. remember 33. A. scared B. annoyed C. discouraged D. disappointed 34. A. glory B. discovery C. recovery D. victory 35. A. skill B. decision C. experience D. deal 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. A 33. A 34. C 35. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者为了让自己看起来很苗条，曾经控制饮食, 最终差点导致心脏病。那时才知道自己做了多么愚蠢的事情, 认识到不用刻意去追求外在的完美而忽视了内在的自己。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但成长真的很艰难，有时甚至很可怕。A. natural自然的；B. easy容易的；C. hard艰难的；D. possible可能的。根据“and even scary sometimes.”可知，这里作者是指“成长是艰难的”。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的童年时代，我总是很在意别人对我的成就或失败的看法。A. natures自然；B. backgrounds背景；C. scores得分；D. failures失败。根据上文的“During my childhood, I was constantly involved in something that included people’s viewing my achievements”以及连词or可知，这里应该和achievement相对，即作者总是很在意别人对自己的成就或失败的看法。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始通过控制饮食来控制饮食。A. controlling控制；B. checking 检查；C collecting收集、采集；D. balancing平衡。根据“I began trying to diet”，以及下文内容可知，作者只吃点点东西。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有看到的是我在慢慢地自杀。A. killing杀死；B. forgetting忘记；C. asking询问、要求；D. questioning质疑。根据下文倒数第二段“What I had done to diet nearly caused me to have a heart attack.”可知，作者差点心脏病发作，可知作者这样节食无异于慢性自杀。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们所有的话都在暗示我越来越接近完美。A. perfection完美；B. devotion投入、奉献；C. destination目的地；D. attention注意力。根据第一段的“I spent much time trying to achieve perfection in every aspect of my life.”以及上一段的“I felt great-attractive and successful，almost superhuman．I even thought that I was better than everyone else. ”可知，作者认为这样做会越来越完美。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，我把我的外表放在我生命中最重要的位置，相信这是通往成功和被接受的道路。A. strength力气；B. exercise运动、练习；C. appearance外表；D. examination检查、考试。根据上文的“In the beginning，I felt great-attractive and successful”可知，作者觉得这样很吸引人。此处指“我把我的外表看成是我生命中最重要的东西。”故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：可悲的是，我把我的外表放在我生命中最重要的位置，相信这是通往成功和被接受的道路。A. believing认为、相信；B. realizing明白、意识；C. pretending假装；D. declaring宣称。根据” Sadly, I took my physical___6___ the first important in my life,可知，作者认为外表是最重要的，也就是说作者认为这是走向成功的道路。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我越来越少吃东西，直到一个平常的一天包括早上半茶匙脱脂酸奶和咖啡，晚上一杯葡萄。A. pleasant愉悦的；B. difficult困难的；C. typical平常的、典型的；D. different不同的。根据“Then I cut down my food more and more,”可知，作者开始逐渐减少食物，直到每天早晨只吃半匙无脂酸奶和咖啡，晚上只吃一点葡萄。这是每天的食物。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，营养不良开始造成我失眠。A. memory记忆力；B. nutrition营养；C. knowledge知识；D. taste胃口。根据“Then I cut down my food more and more, until a ___8___ day consisted of half a teaspoon of non-fat yoghurt and coffee in the morning, and a cup of grapes at night.”可知，每天只吃一点东西，由此判断作者的营养不良。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，营养不良开始造成我失眠。A. weight重量；B. hope希望；C. sleep睡眠；D. job工作。根据下文的“Then one night，like many nights before，I couldn't sleep”可知，作者睡不着。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想要放松，但是不行。A. relax休闲、放松；B. walk走路；C. cry哭泣；D. talk谈话、交谈。根据“Then one night, like many nights before, I couldn’t sleep, and my heart felt as though it might beat out of my chest.”可知，作者的心脏仿佛要跳了出来，此时作者想要放松。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心脏跳动加速如此快，以至于我无法呼吸。A. breathe呼吸；B. resist抵制；C. wake醒来；D. remember记得、记住。根据“The beating became so rapid and so strong”可知，作者心脏跳动加速，根据常识判断，作者此时无法呼吸。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我站起来，立刻又摔倒，我真得很害怕，并且我知道我需要帮助。A. scared害怕的；B. annoyed生气的；C. discouraged灰心的、沮丧的；D. disappointed失望的。根据“I stood up, and immediately fell down.”可知，作者已经无法站立，此时她心中感到害怕。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我室友匆忙把我送往医院，我开始了我的康复之路。A. glory荣耀、光荣；B. discovery发现；C. recovery康复；D. victory胜利。根据上文可知作者被送到了医院，再根据下文的“It took a lot-doctors，nurses，nutritionists，food supplements…”可知，作者在慢慢地康复。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，在尽力追求外在美的经历中，我牺牲了自己的内在。A. skill技能；B. decision决定；C. experience经历；D. deal交易。根据“And most importantly, a sense of what was true about myself got back on track with reality.”及上文内容可知，这是作者追求完美的一次经历。故选C。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The mothers of Mother’s Day How do you celebrate Mother’s Day? Nowadays, Mother’s Day is about gift-giving ____36____ the origins of this celebration are quite different. Julia Ward Howe was the first person ____37____ (propose) a mother’s day in the United States. In 1872, she set up Mother’s Peace Day in Boston, ____38____ became a yearly celebration in a number of cities. But Mother’s Peace Day never became an official holiday. Mother’s Day, as we now know, instead owes it origin ____39____ the efforts of Ann and Anna Jarvis. In 1858, Ann began a tradition of Mother’s Work Days. She asked doctors to teach her and her ____40____ (neighbor) how to improve the health of their families. She also ____41____ (organize) women’s clubs that provided medicine for the poor and helped families where the mother was sick. Ann wished that there could be a ____42____ (globe) holiday celebrating mothers. When she died on 9 May 1905, her daughter Anna wanted to fulfill her mother’s wish. On the ____43____ (three) anniversary of her mother’s death, Anna gave a speech, asking people of all ages to remember their mothers by words and gifts. ____44____ idea spread quickly throughout the country. In 1914, President Woodrow Wilson decided that the second Sunday in May would ____45____ (celebrate) as Mother’s Day. 【答案】36. but 37. to propose 38. which 39. to 40. neighbors 41. organized 42. global 43. third 44. The 45. be celebrated 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了母亲节的起源和发展历程。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：如今，母亲节是送礼物的节日，但这个庆祝活动的起源却截然不同。前半句说母亲节的当下庆祝方式，后半句表转折，指其起源与之不同，应用连词but连接。故填but。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：朱莉娅·沃德·豪是第一个在美国提议设立母亲节的人。根据空前the first person可知，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，名词由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to propose。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：1872年，她在波士顿设立了和平母亲节，后来在一些城市成为了一年一度的庆祝活动。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mother’s Peace Day，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：而我们如今所知的母亲节，其起源要归功于安和安娜·贾维斯的努力。owe...to...是固定短语，意为“归功于……”。故填to。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：她请医生教她和她的邻居如何改善家人的健康。根据空前形容词性物主代词her可知，空处应用名词neighbor，结合语境可知，邻居不止一个，应用名词复数形式。故填neighbors。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：她还组织了妇女俱乐部，为穷人提供药品，帮助母亲生病的家庭。空处作谓语，根据上文asked和下文helped可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填organized。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：安希望能有一个庆祝母亲的全球性节日。根据空后名词holiday可知，空处应用形容词global“全球的”，作定语修饰名词。故填global。 【43题详解】 考查序数词。句意：在她母亲去世三周年之际，安娜发表了演讲，要求各个年龄段的人都用言语和礼物来纪念他们的母亲。根据空前定冠词the和空后anniversary可知，空处应用序数词third，表示“第三”。故填third。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这个想法很快传遍了全国。根据句意可知，此处特指上文提到的安娜发表演讲提出的想法，应用定冠词the修饰，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。 【45题详解】 考查语态。句意：1914年，伍德罗·威尔逊总统决定将五月的第二个星期日定为母亲节。空处作谓语，celebrate和主语the second Sunday in May之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，情态动词would后接动词原形。故填be celebrated。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是学生会主席李华，请你以学生会的名义，拟定一份倡议书，针对目前环境污染的问题，呼吁全校师生“低碳环保”，内容要点如下： 1．环境污染现状及危害 2．相关措施（绿色出行、节约资源等） 3．保护环境，人人有责，从我做起。 注意：1．词数：120左右；2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear teachers and students, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear teachers and students, Nowadays, worsening air and water pollution pose a grave/ severe threat to the diversity of species and human health. As chairman of the Student Union, I feel obliged (有责任的) to appeal to you to do your part to build up a low-carbon city. Initially, it’s advisable that we rely on public transport to and from school, which not only helps cut carbon emissions but also reduces traffic jams. Besides, we can’t attach enough significance to energy saving. We can start small by turning off taps after washing hands and switching the lights off when nobody’s in. Trivial (微不足道的) as each action seems, it will make an enormous difference. Many hands make light work. Only when everyone gets involved in protecting environment can a bright and promising future be guaranteed. You can’t be absent! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生会的名义，拟定一份倡议书，针对目前环境污染的问题，呼吁全校师生“低碳环保”。 【详解】1.词汇积累 依靠：rely on→depend on 减少：cut→decrease 保护：protect→preserve 巨大的：enormous→tremendous 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：As chairman of the Student Union, I feel obliged (有责任的) to appeal to you to do your part to build up a low-carbon city. 拓展句：As chairman of the Student Union, I feel it my obligation to appeal to you to do your part to build up a low-carbon city. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Initially, it’s advisable that we rely on public transport to and from school, which not only helps cut carbon emissions but also reduces traffic jams. （运用了that引导的主语从句和which非限制性引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】Only when everyone gets involved in protecting environment can a bright and promising future be guaranteed. （运用了“only+状语”位于句首引起的部分倒装） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I met Gunter on a cold, wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a big storm, my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Vienna just 30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought. That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused. When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station. Thankfully, there was a long queue (队列) still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face. "We made it," he said. Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out. At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: "Out of order. Sorry." 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Para 1 I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me in disbelief, asking me what to do. Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment. “If I miss this last bus to Prague, I’ll be late for the conference which is so important that I can’t afford to miss it!” I explained. “May I have your phone number? I will call you and return the money I owe you. I promise I will keep my word or you keep my watch!” I added, handing him my watch as well as my business card. Gunter accepted my business card but rejected my watch. He wrote down his phone number and gave it to me. “Just keep your promise, Sir.” A feeling of gratitude washed over me as I heard his words. Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the bus, and jumped onto it just before its departure. Para 2 Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before. Beaming a warm smile at him, I gave him a big hug the moment I saw him. We chatted happily on the way to the airport. I told him that thanks to his generosity and timely help, everything had gone smoothly. When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down. I also gave him an attractive souvenir I had bought at Prague, which he accepted with delight. We became good friends and kept in touch with each other regularly. I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在一次因风暴延误的旅途中，匆忙搭乘出租车前往车站赶最后一班去布拉格的公共汽车。司机冈特不熟悉车站位置，通过电话求助后顺利抵达。到达时作者却发现自己没带现金，尝试用葡萄牙银行卡支付没有成功，而车站的取款机也故障了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我跑回到冈特那里，告诉他这个坏消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者留下冈特的电话，承诺会还钱给对方，冈特同意，最终作者及时登上了公共汽车。 ②由第二段首句内容“四天后，当我回到维也纳时，我按照承诺给冈特打了电话。”可知，第二段可描写作者付费给冈特，并向对方表示感激，两人成为了好朋友。 2.续写线索：作者给出解决办法——承诺还钱——冈特同意——作者登上公共汽车——履行承诺还钱——两人成为朋友 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①拒绝：reject/refuse ②给某人拥抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb. ③记下，写下：write down/set down 情绪类 ①难以置信地：in disbelief/incredibly/unbelievably ②开心地：happily/joyfully 【点睛】【高分句型1】He picked me up at the bus station where he had dropped me off four days before.（运用了where引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】When he stopped his taxi outside the airport, I paid him for the “double car ride”, back and forth from the airport to the bus station, together with a generous tip that he turned down.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句，that引导的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $