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2026陕西中考·英语
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(3~9分)
专题二 动词
三、动词的时态和语态
重点语法分点过
语法知识理重点
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语法专题情境练
2026陕西中考 英语
2026陕西中考 英语
动词的时态(6年25考)
▶一般现在时[2024.25,2023.61,2022.61,2021.64,2020.69]
构成:主语+am/is/are;
主语+动词原形/动词的单三形式
标志词:always,usually,often,sometimes,once a year,twice a month,on Sundays,at weekends等
2026陕西中考 英语
用法 例句
表示经常性、习惯性的动作,常与频度副词连用 I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
每天早上我七点离开家去上学。
表示客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象(此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是一般过去时,从句也要用一般现在时) Shanghai lies in the east of China.
上海位于中国东部。
2026陕西中考 英语
用法 例句
在if, unless, as soon as, when, once等引导的条件或时间状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来(主将从现) If it doesn't rain tomorrow,we'll go to the park.如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。
表示按计划或安排好的将要发生的动作,用一般现在时表示将来,但仅限于start, begin, leave, go, come, arrive等词 The train leaves at 8∶15.
火车8点15分开。
2026陕西中考 英语
▶一般过去时[2025.59、64,2023.23、28、60、66,2022.66,2021.30,2020.26]
构成:主语+was/were;主语+动词的过去式
标志词:three days ago,yesterday,last week,just now,in the past,at the age of...,once upon a time等
用法 例句
表示过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态 He left for Beijing yesterday morning.他昨天上午到北京去了。
表示过去一段时间内经常性或习惯性的动作,常与频度副词连用 He missed his parents very much and he often felt lonely.他特别想念他的父母并且他常常感到很孤独。
2026陕西中考 英语
▶一般将来时[2021.60, 2020.60]
构成:主语+will/shall(仅限于第一人称)+动词原形;
主语+be(am/is/are) going to+动词原形
标志词:tomorrow,soon,next week/month/year…,in+一段时间,one day,in the future等
用法 例句
表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态 I'll go and see her next Friday.我下周五去看她。
“be going to+动词原形”,表示主观计划、打算做某事,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事情 He is going to play basketball with his friends.
他打算和他的朋友们去打篮球。
2026陕西中考 英语
▶现在进行时
构成:主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分词
标志词:now,right now,at present,at this time,at the/this moment,these days,when,while,look,listen等
2026陕西中考 英语
用法 例句
表示此时此刻正在进行的动作 I'm doing my maths homework.
我正在做我的数学作业。
表示现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态 The students are working on the farm these days.
这些天学生们正在农场上劳动。
go,leave,arrive,start等短暂性动词用现在进行时表将来 Mary is arriving here at 4 o'clock this afternoon.
玛丽今天下午四点将到达这里。
2026陕西中考 英语
▶过去进行时[2025.24,2023.21,2021.21]
构成:主语+was/were+动词的现在分词
标志词:then,at that time,at ten last night,at this time yesterday,when/while引导的表示过去的时间状语从句等
2026陕西中考 英语
用法 例句
表示过去某一时刻或过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作 They were watching TV at 7 last night.昨晚7点他们正在看电视。
过去进行时常和频度副词连用,表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作,带有一定的感情色彩 Her father was always working like that.她父亲总是那样工作。
表示一个动作发生时,另外一个动作正在进行,常与when,while,as引导的时间状语从句连用 She was reading an English magazine when I came in.
当我进来时,她正在看一本英语杂志。
2026陕西中考 英语
▶现在完成时[2025.65,2024.70,2022.27,2021.59、69,2020.63]
构成:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词
标志词:already,ever,never,yet,still,just,recently,lately,so far,up to/till now,in the last three years/...,since+时间点,for+一段时间等
用法 例句
表示过去发生的动作或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果 He has already left.他已经离开了。
表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态,也许马上停止,也许还要持续下去,常和for,since连用 I haven't received his letter for almost a month.我已经将近一个月都没有收到过他的信了。
2026陕西中考 英语
动词的语态(6年8考)
语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语动词之间的具体关系,分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中主语是动作的执行者,被动语态中主语是动作的承受者。
2026陕西中考 英语
▶被动语态
1.被动语态的构成
时态 被动结构 例句
一般现在时
[2024.28, 2023.30] am/is/are+done The classroom is cleaned by students every day.
学生们每天都打扫教室。
一般过去时
[2025.22, 2024.66, 2022.28, 2021.29, 2020.28、66,2019.29、68] was/were+done I was offered a new job there.我在那里得到了一份新工作。
2026陕西中考 英语
时态 被动结构 例句
一般将来时 will/shall(仅限于第一人称)/be going to+be done Trees will be planted on both sides of the road next year.
明年道路两边将会种上树。
含情态动词 情态动词+be done Teenagers should be allowed to decide by themselves.
应该允许青少年自己做决定。
2026陕西中考 英语
2.被动语态的用法
用法 例句
不知道动作的执行者是谁 The machine was invented in 1800.
这台机器是1800年发明的。
没必要指出动作的执行者是谁 The book is written for children.
这本书是为孩子们写的。
需要强调或突出动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者 The window was broken yesterday.
昨天窗户被打破了。
动作的执行者不是人,而是无生命的事物 Many houses were destroyed by the accident.这次事故毁坏了许多房屋。
2026陕西中考 英语
◆常用的被动语态词组:
be used to do sth./be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事
be used as 被用作……
be used by sb. 被某人使用
be made of/from... 由……制成(可看出原材料/看不出原材料)
be made in sp./by sb. 在某地制造/由某人制造
be covered with/by 被……覆盖
be filled with 被……装满
be seen/heard to do 被看见/听到做……
be made to do sth. 被要求做某事
It’s said/reported/believed that... 据说/据报道/人们相信……
2026陕西中考 英语
▶主动语态
1.主动语态变被动语态的方法
2026陕西中考 英语
2.主动形式表被动意义的情况
(1)某些系动词(如smell,taste,sound,look等)描述某物特性时,用主动形式表被动意义。
(2)不及物动词及部分动词短语,如happen,take place,belong to,break down等用主动形式表被动意义。
(3)当write, sell, wash等词作不及物动词且表示主语(某物)的某种属性时,多与副词well,quickly等连用,可用主动形式表被动意义。
(4)be worth doing中的doing表示被动意义。
(5)need/require doing结构相当于need/require+to be done,to be done是不定式的被动结构。
2026陕西中考 英语
Ⅰ. 完形填空基础题
1. Now nearly two-thirds of the Loess Plateau(黄土高原) ______ with trees and grass.
A.covers B.covered C.is covered D.was covered
2. The Baoxie Cliffside Road(褒斜道) was a famous passage through the Qinling Mountains, which ______ around the Warring States Period.
A.is built B.was built C.builds D.built
3. In ancient times, people usually ______ solar eclipses(日食) for the symbol of bad luck.
A.mistook B.mistaken C.mistaking D.mistake
C
B
A
2026陕西中考 英语
4.A journey of a thousand miles ______ with a single step.
A.begins B.will begin C.is beginning D.has begun
5.—Why are you in such a hurry?
—There ______ a basketball match between Class One and Class Three in five minutes.
A.is B.are C.is going to be D.are going to be
6.—Look! Some young people ______ their bodies slowly over there. What kind of sport is that?
—It’s called Baduanjin.
A.move B.moved C.are moving D.were moving
A
C
C
2026陕西中考 英语
7.You ______ a wonderful experience if you go hiking with us next week.
A.have B.had C.have had D.will have
8.—I can’t believe the young couple _______ that European country.
—But it’s quite true. They came back last week and chatted with me about their stories.
A.have gone to B.have been to
C.have arrived in D.have been in
D
B
2026陕西中考 英语
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1.上周日,我参观了一家科学博物馆。那里陈列着许多令人惊叹的展品。
Last Sunday, I _________________________. Many amazing exhibits are displayed there.
2.当我走进门时,一些机器人正在做咖啡。
Some robots ______________________ when I entered.
3.据说下个月有新的发明将被介绍给游客。
It is said that new inventions __________________________ the visitors next month.
visited a science museum
were making coffee
will be introduced to
2026陕西中考 英语
4.到目前为止还没有人真正见到过那些新发明。
So far, no one ___________________ those new inventions.
5.得知这个消息后,我非常期待能再次参观那家博物馆!
I ___________________________________ the museum again after learning about the news!
has actually seen
am looking forward to visiting
2026陕西中考 英语
Ⅲ. 短文填空
人与社会——文学、艺术与体育
want see be fill end grow
Once upon a time, there 1.________ two brothers named Jacob and Wilhelm. They 2.________ up to become the Brothers Grimm, the most famous German storytellers of all. They’re the ones who gave us the classic opening line, “Once upon a time.”
Have you ever 3.________ to see Snow White’s cottage(小屋)? Or sleep in Sleeping Beauty’s castle?
were
grew
wanted
2026陕西中考 英语
The Fairy Tale Route celebrates the Brothers Grimm and their stories. The route is long—about 600 kilometres. It begins in Hanau(哈瑙), the birthplace of the brothers, and 4.________ in Bremen(不莱梅).
Along the way, you’ll 5._______ forests, rivers and lovely little towns that look like pictures from a storybook. Sometimes, there are also fun festivals with fairy tale plays and puppet shows. Here is 6.________ with joy. Germany, you really can!
It’s like stepping into a real-life fairy tale.
want see be fill end grow
ends
see
filled
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