Unit 4 Understanding—Grammar 课件 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

Unit 4 Helping out (Grammar) 通过本节课的学习,同学们将能: 重点:1.掌握may/can/must表“推测、许可、义务”的用法。 2.在练习和对话中正确运用这三个情态动词。 3.结合“帮助他人”的话题,用包含情态动词的表达进行简单交流。 难点:1.正确区分 may/can/must表推测时的可能性差异。 2.通过“帮助他人”的话题,培养互助意识。 学习目标 Look and say You must be thirsty. What would you say in the situation? It may rain later. What would you say in the situation? I can lend you my pen. What would you say in the situation? must 中文:“肯定/必须” 英文: 中文:“可能” 英文: 中文:“可以/会” 英文: Read and match may can (a)Well, crayons may carry viruses and spread diseases. (b) It can be boring to wait for X-rays and treatments. (c) There must be something for me to do. Language practice 观察以上句子,涉及哪些情态动词? may can must Language focus 通过以上句子,我们可以发现 may:表“可能”(推测,可能性较低) 例句:Crayons may carry viruses. can:表“会/可能”(口语化推测,或能力) 例句:It can be boring to wait. must:表“一定/必须”(推测,可能性极高,或义务) 例句:There must be something for me to do. 情态动词 ( 2 ) 当我们想表达可能发生某事以及某人可能做某事时,可以用may/might表示。 might与may没有太大的区别,形式上might是may的过去式,但在表示现在或将来的可能情况时,might表示的可能性比may表示的可能性要小一些。 may 情态动词can和could除了表示“能够,可以”等意义之外,还可以表示对现在或将来的推测,意为“会,可能”。 但can表示推测时,往往用于否定句和疑问句。偶尔用于肯定句(表理论上的可能性或口语化的“有时可能”)。 用于疑问句时,can比could表示的可能性要大。用于否定句时,cannot(can’t)表示“不可能”。 can 情态动词must也可以表示猜测,意为“一定,肯定”,通常只用于肯定句。 例如: Betty, you must know! Betty,你肯定知道! must 用“语气强度+可能性”表格对比三者 情态动词 语气 推测可能性 must 最强 90%+ can 中等 50%-70% may 最弱 30%-50% 【即时练】 1. — Look at the boy running on the playground. Is it Tom? — It _ be him. He has gone to Beijing on business. A. may B. must C. can’t D. needn’t 2. 你必须在今晚完成作业,因为明天要交。 You _ finish your homework tonight, because you need to hand it in tomorrow. must 3.—I’m going to the library. _ I borrow your dictionary? —Of course. Here you are. 4.A little girl is crying at the bus stop. She looks lost. (1) She _ (may/must) can’t find her parents. Let’s go to ask her. (2) We _ (can/must) help her call the police if she can’t tell us her address. May/Can can may Learn new words There's an empty bottle. 这里有一个空瓶子。 She got full marks in the exam. 她考试得了满分。 bottle n. 瓶子 exam n. 考试 They had a dialogue for three hours, but still failed to come to an agreement. 他们谈了三个小时,却依然没能达成一致。 dialogue n. 对话 He’s recovering from an attack of flu. 他正从一次流行性感冒中恢复过来。 flu n. 流行性感冒,流感 Complete the sentences with must, may or can. 6 1 You _ be thirsty now after the long run. Here is a bottle of water for you. 2 You didn't bring an umbrella? Take mine. It _ rain later. 3 Here is my notebook. You _ return it after the exam. must may can Look at the pictures and complete the dialogues with the correct form of the modal verbs. 7 Dialogue 1 A: Look at that man! It 1_ be hard for him to carry all the boxes! B: Let's give him a hand. Dialogue 2 A: That woman looks lost. She 2_ need help. B: Yes. We 3_ go and ask her. must may can Look at the pictures and complete the dialogues with the correct form of the modal verbs. 7 Dialogue 3 A: Is that Lily over there? B: It 4_ be her. She has the flu and has to stay at home. A: That's too bad. The lesson today is really important. B: Don't worry. We 5_ share our notes with her. can't can We can use “must, may,can” to express how to help people around us. Do you know who needs your help? A helping hand Who needs your help? Why do they need help? What can you do to help? Work in pairs. Discuss things to do to help people around you. 8 A helping hand Who needs your help? Why do they need help? What can you do to help? Use the words and expressions from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you. Useful expressions ... may find it a challenge to... ... need a helping hand. Perhaps I can / could... ... help... get through... There must be something for me to do, such as... For example. A:Who needs your help? B:An elderly neighbor who lives alone. A:Why does he need help? B:He may find it a challenge to carry heavy grocery bags. A:What can you do to help? B:Perhaps I can give him a helping hand by carrying the bags for him. I can also help him get through the difficult tasks like taking out the rubbish. 1. Here is a bottle of water for you.这里有一瓶水给你。 这是一个倒装句,核心结构是“Here + be动词 + 物品 + for sb.”,用来向对方提供物品,表示“这是给你的 ”。 Here开头的倒装:当物品是单数/不可数名词时,用“Here is...”;复数用“Here are...”。 【对点练习】 1.Here _ (be) a pen for your deskmate. 2.翻译:这是给你妈妈的花。 Here are some flowers for your mother. is Language points 2. That woman looks lost.那个女人看起来迷路了。 这是一个主系表结构的简单句,核心用法是描述某人的状态,表示“某人看起来 ”。 例如: The little boy looks sad.那个小男孩看起来很伤心。 【对点练习】 1.That old man _ (look) hungry. 2.翻译:那个女孩看起来很开心。 That girl looks happy. looks 1.—Must I use pink to paint my bedroom? —No, you _. You can use any colour you like. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.shouldn’t D.needn’t 2.—_ I go out with my friend now, Dad? —I’m afraid you have to finish your homework first. A.Can B.Should C.Must D.Need 3.—Whose volleyball is this? —It _ be Lucy’s. She loves volleyball. A.can’t B.must C.mustn’t D.need 4.Lili _ be at home. She has gone to the farm to pick apples. A.mustn’t B.can’t C.must D.can 一、单项选择 Exercises 5.When you make a fresh salad, you _ add your favorite fruit if you would like to. A.can B.should C.must D.may 6.—_ I park my car here for a while? —Sorry, you _. This area is for emergency vehicles only. A.May; mustn’t B.Must; can’t C.Can; needn’t D.Should; shouldn’t 7.—Where is Mum? —She _ be in the kitchen. I smelled delicious soup just now. A.can B.may C.must D.should 1.She bought three (bottle) of water before the long trip. 2.Tom can’t go to school today because he (have) the flu. 3.We practiced some English (dialogue) again and again to prepare for the oral exam. 4.Here (be) an English exam today. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 bottles has dialogues is THANKS $