精品解析：贵州2025-2026学年4月高三年级适应性考试英语笔试试卷

保密★启用前 2026年4月高三年级适应性考试 英语笔试 2026年4月 第一部分 听力（1—20小题）在笔试结束后进行 听力题目略。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Where Languages Are Dying Data from the Endangered Languages Project analyzed by Statista reveals that thousands of languages from around the world are currently in danger of dying out. The role of languages in the DNA of cultures cannot be overstated, nor can the importance they hold as frameworks (框架) upon which our societies develop. Languages evolve to reflect the environment in which they are applied, as well as the people and the cultures that are using and adapting them as time passes by. The following infograpic shows the languages classified as threatened and endangered in 2022 (by region). Globalization is a significant killer of languages, as a research paper by Amano et al. states: “The dominating effect of a single socioeconomic factor, GDP per capita (人均), on speaker growth rate suggests that economic growth and globalization are primary drivers of recent language speaker declines. This has been the case mainly since the 1970s onwards, for instance, via associated political and educational developments and globalized socioeconomic dynamics.” Despite the decline of many languages, we can find hope knowing that it’s possible for almost extinct languages to bounce back. Awakening languages might not be more than the number of endangered ones, but they provide an encouraging sign that the right efforts and resources have the power to bring dying languages back to life. 1. Why is the role of language important in society? A. It boosts global economy. B. It shapes how society develops. C. It reflects bioenvironment. D. It determines how cultures change. 2. Which region had the most endangered languages in 2022? A. Europe. B. South America. C. Africa. D. Oceania. 3. What does the author try to tell us by mentioning saving endangered languages? A. There’s little possibility to awaken them. B. There’s hope with right action. C. The government dominates the progress. D. Globalization is a key factor. B I am Frédérique and I will never forget that very first day when I stepped into my first classroom. The school had a reputation for being filled with the worst-disciplined students in that particular suburban area. The night before that first encounter I spent hours planning the day’s lesson, and I even referred to my colleagues on the best approach and materials to strike the students’ fancy. I planned to teach the “perfect tenses”. When I walked in, the students didn’t even notice my presence. I had to knock on the desk and say the greeting for the day. In response they just stared at me. It felt like they were examining every inch of me, and at that moment, I wanted the floor to open up and make me disappear from the face of the earth. Nervously, I began the lesson. I spoke perfect English. I took out the charts and hung them on the board. The class was silent. No one broke away from his or her stare. But when I started to finger one student at random to respond to my questions, the rest of class restarted their own activities, most of which were getting into arguments with their neighbors. At that point I began to realize how inexperienced I was. All the theories I had learned and memorized in college about wonderful learning behaviorism and class communication seemed inappropriate and useless. I had to think on my feet about how to resolve the conflicts between the students and try to direct their short attention into my well-crafted lesson. The students began to speak with each other in Thai. I tried to speak in Malay. They didn’t understand me. They ignored me. Grateful for a handful of students who sat in the front rows and who appeared more academically focused than the rest. They managed to converse with me in Malay. Teaching is tough, I suppose, because the learning that I experienced as a student was always a sheltered environment. I went to the best schools, and I had wonderful parents and teachers who supported my learning process one way or the other. I now know that reality bites, and I learned that the hard way. 4. What can be learned about Frédérique in paragraph 1? A. She took teaching seriously. B. She had a mind of curiosity. C. She liked studying grammar. D. She lived in a suburban area. 5. What did Frédérique do when teaching in her first class? A. She argued with students. B. She escaped from the stage. C. She tried to engage students. D. She randomly let off her steam. 6. How did Frédérique finally survive her first class? A. She received some responses. B. She put theories into practice. C. She shifted students’ attention. D. She switched to speaking Malay. 7. What does the story tell us? A. Hard work pays off. B. Rome wasn’t built in a day. C. Every cloud has a silver lining. D. Experience is the mother of wisdom. C Fatigue management (疲劳管理) is vital for everyone, and staying alert when needed requires more than just good, consistent sleep. Think of moments like feeling sleepy while driving or fighting sleep in a boring class — our usual fixes, such as walking around, drinking coffee or standing at the back of a room, are only quick short-term solutions. However, for those whose jobs involve missions or off-cycle work that prevent adequate sleep, more tailored strategies are necessary. This raises the question: Can sleep extension help when you know you’ll need to stay awake for a long time? Sleep banking, the practice of extending sleep hours in the nights before a known period of sleep deprivation (剥夺), has gained increasing attention. In 2009, an Army study compared people who got their regular hours of sleep for a week to a group that spent 10 hours in bed during those same nights. This was followed by 3 nights of only 3 hours of time in bed allowed for both groups. Surprisingly, the group that had “banked” sleep, performed better on a measure of alertness during the sleep restricted time period and recovered faster from the sleep deprivation. A more recent study also found that a week of sleep extension improved quick decision-making during a 40-hour total sleep deprivation task involving emotional stimuli and attentional distraction. Despite supporting evidence, there are also arguments against the theory. One concern is simply that humans are not designed to sleep when they don’t need sleep, thus from the perspective of physiological instinct (本能), the notion of banking does not make sense. Another is that the observed improvements may come from resolving sleep debt which itself boosts cognition and wakefulness rather than sleep banking. Currently, we don’t have a definitive answer to “Can you bank sleep?” But there is clear benefit to sleep extension before planned deprivation. While the mechanism remains unproven, either sleep banking or resolving sleep debt through pre-deprivation extension appears to help individuals perform better during deprivation and recover more quickly afterward. 8. What is the effect of common ways to fight sleepiness? A. They bring long-term comfort. B. They relieve temporary fatigue. C. They help to tackle tough tasks. D. They remove boredom in class. 9. What is the shared finding of the two studies? A. Mild sleep shortage facilitates decision-making. B. Sleep extension increases the degree of alertness. C. Sleep banking contributes to mental reactions. D. Sleepiness results from attentional distraction. 10. Why is the sleep banking theory being questioned? A. It goes against biological sense. B. It disturbs human cognition. C. It overstates the actual impact. D. It doesn’t pay people’s sleep debt. 11. Before which of the following activities can we bank sleep? A. Seeing a doctor. B. Taking a daily quiz. C. Joining in a triathlon. D. Attending a meeting. D Now, evolution has realistically long saved countless species from climate shifts. This raises a critical question: as global temperatures keep rising, can species adapt quickly enough to survive climate change? The answer is definitely yes, at least for organisms with short generations. The latest evidence comes from the monkey flower, a wild plant that evolved to survive California’s megadrought from 2012 to 2015. Daniel Anstett at Cornell University and his colleagues have studied monkey flowers since 2010, assessing their growth at various sites yearly and taking samples for DNA sequencing. Monkey flowers are water-loving plants that grow along streams, so the drought hit them extremely hard. “If you were to put one in a pot and not water it for a few days, it would just die,” Anstett explains. Three local populations died out during the drought, but many survivors evolved drought tolerance in just three years, with genome mutations (基因突变) linked to climate adaptation — and these populations recovered the fastest after the drought. This is what biologists call evolutionary rescue: a species surviving a deadly threat via rapid evolution. The phenomenon has been demonstrated in several lab experiments before, but Anstett confirms this is the first time it has been proven to happen in the wild. However, all this said, a three-year drought is weather, not climate. “Demonstrating adaptation to climate change would take a while,” says Andrew Storfer at Washington State University. In other words, the fact that monkey flowers were able to evolve to survive one extreme drought doesn’t necessarily mean they will cope with a century of rising temperatures and ever more extreme weather. What’s more, when populations decline, they lose genetic diversity — the fuel for evolution. As global warming continues, the threats will grow ever greater, but species’ capacity to evolve will get smaller. And long-lived species with long generation times have very little capacity for rapid evolution to begin with. Nevertheless, Anstett sees his findings as good news. “A lot of these current predictions about species decline don’t take evolution into account,” he says. “This is a story of hope.” 12. What is the “critical question” in paragraph 1 based on? A. A fact. B. An assumption. C. A theory. D. A definition. 13. What do we know about evolutionary rescue? A. Lab experiments have failed to prove it. B. Daniel Anstett and his colleagues oppose it. C. Monkey flowers lend further support to it. D. Genome mutations play a minor role in it. 14. What do Storfer’s words in paragraph 4 imply? A. Evolutionary rescue demonstrates biodiversity. B. Most people cannot tell weather from climate. C. Extreme weather best tests flowers’ tolerance. D. Species’ capacity to evolve takes time to examine. 15. Why does Anstett say “This is a story of hope” in the last paragraph? A. He wins huge support from biologists. B. His research provides a new perspective. C. He finds the secret of long-lived species. D. His research highlights current predictions. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Giving and receiving positive feedback Your manager called you and said she would want to discuss your performance in recent projects. ____16____. On Monday morning, when you walked into her office, she first praised your excellent work, and you immediately got ready — is this a common setting for the frightening “feedback sandwich”? You are very familiar with this pattern: starting with praise, offering genuine criticism, and ending with more praise. ____17____. However, when feedback follows this predictable formula, employees begin to see praise as a filler for criticism, depriving it of its true meaning. Positive feedback is better than being downgraded to a buffer (缓冲) responsibility. It should be used independently as a tool for motivation. Below are three tips to help you make positive feedback count. ● Separate positive from negative feedback When praise always comes before criticism, it loses its power. ____18____. Let it be offered without a shadow — no comparison, no subtle correction. Just the simple, honest act of appreciation. ● ____19____ Psychologist Carol Dweck emphasized our brain’s adaptability and our capacity to develop new abilities. Rather than praising fixed traits like “you have a natural eye for detail,” focus on the process — celebrating effort, creative approaches, and problem-solving persistence. ● Create a culture of offering positive feedback Integrate positive feedback into daily interactions, not just formal reviews. Offer casual appreciation during hallway conversations or coffee breaks. Encourage team members to recognize each other’s contributions. ____20____. Transforming a workplace skeptical of positive feedback takes patience, but the rewards extend beyond improved performance to a genuinely enriched professional life. A. Praise a creative mindset B. Develop a growth mindset C. She began criticizing without hesitation D. Ensure that praise sometimes exists independently E. Such habits create an environment where praise flows in all directions F. You spend the entire weekend anxious and question what you did wrong G. Many managers use this technique, wrapping negative feedback between two positives 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分；满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I hadn’t felt this disconnected from a place for a long time. I had traveled to 27 countries and thought I was skilled at being a stranger, moving through places like ____21____. But in China, the wind stopped. As a foreigner, I was stared at wherever I went in China on the first day. Kids pointed at me and passers-by gazed at me with strange faces. I felt ____22____, old memories of being judged coming back to me so clearly. At the beginning, I ____23____ considered their expressions as ____24____ and even hostility (敌意). Actually deep inside, I just wanted to fit in and be ____25____. On my second day, a big ____26____ to escape rose in my heart. But then, as I checked flights, I realized every time I encountered discomfort, I ____27____. Here, however, I could not hide or become ____28____. I had to make a decision: let the stares control me or ____29____ their meaning myself. I then willingly chose to ____30____ and respond with kindness. Soon I learned that people’s ____31____ were only out of curiosity, not prejudice. They smiled warmly and offered help. It turned out that I had been the one ____32____ them out of fear. China acted like a ____33____, forcing me to face my true self. I originally thought I was merely here to visit a country, but China let me know myself better. True freedom comes not from others’ ____34____, but from accepting who I am. ____35____ is not about finding answers, but asking better questions for us to get connected to the place visited. 21. A. sound B. wind C. cloud D. water 22. A. sympathetic B. pessimistic C. uneasy D. guilty 23. A. wrongly B. pleasantly C. hardly D. nervously 24. A. trust B. disappointment C. politeness D. criticism 25. A. noticed B. praised C. ignored D. underestimated 26. A. hope B. urge C. effort D. chance 27. A. ran away B. held on C. walked around D. calmed down 28. A. silent B. invisible C. unique D. brilliant 29. A. dismiss B. guess C. collect D. define 30. A. wait B. settle C. relax D. stay 31. A. comments B. suggestions C. expressions D. doubts 32. A. judging B. refusing C. pitying D. hating 33. A. greenhouse B. door C. mirror D. port 34. A. permission B. recognition C. explanation D. ambition 35. A. Travelling B. Sporting C. Writing D. Filming 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Australian vlogger Amy Lyons seemed surprised that the small city of Tongren in China’s ____36____ (southwest) Guizhou province exports matcha abroad. In her video, shop windows are filled with locally produced matcha products, from the emerald-colored powder ____37____ (it) to matcha-flavored ice cream — even matcha noodles. In recent years, Guizhou matcha ____38____ (become) a hot product on social media platforms like RedNote. Tourists queue for a popular matcha milk tea, hold up cups for photos at scenic spots, and fill social feeds with check-in ____39____ (post). China is one of the largest producers of matcha. A report from ____40____ China Tea Marketing Association shows that national output is expected to surpass (超过) 12,000 metric tons in 2025, ____41____ (rough) 70 percent of global production, with Tongren at the center. Taking advantage ____42____ misty highlands ideal for tea cultivation, the region shifted from traditional tea cultivation to matcha production around 2018. But while the current enthusiasm for matcha may come across as a fairly recent trend, people whisked (搅拌) tea powder into hot water ____43____ (make) a tasty drink and treated it as an elegant art as early as the Song Dynasty (AD 960-1279). The technique of using a bamboo whisk, ____44____ (add) water in seven stages and varying the whipping motion until the foam swelled “like a milky mist”, ____45____ is believed to have been brought abroad by Buddhist monks, is recorded during the Song period. Now, it lives on in the thriving modern matcha culture of China. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周日你参加了以“Reducing Our Carbon Footprint”为主题的徒步活动。请给你的英国笔友Tom写一封邮件，分享这次活动经历，内容包括： 1．活动过程； 2．你的感受。 注意： 1．词数80词左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My mom is 83 years old and I love her deeply, but there are moments when my patience wears thin, especially when I’ve repeated myself 10 times because she refuses to wear a hearing aid out of vanity (虚荣心). Not long ago, we had a misunderstanding over her medication (药物治疗). She was still clear-minded, but of course she forgot things at times and when I questioned her, she got defensive. When I saw she hadn’t been taking a certain medication, anger replaced patience. She insisted she didn’t need it anymore; I accused her of ignoring the doctor’s orders and putting her health at risk. We went back and forth, until I realized that she was crying. My immigrant, hard-working mom had made a million sacrifices for us. Seeing her cry broke something within me. My anger immediately disappeared and I hugged her. Tears gave way to words. She said, “I am upset because I feel useless, because my body isn’t doing what it used to and I even can’t make it to the market on my own.” Her words hit my heart and reminded me that she was struggling with things I didn’t always see. In that moment, I knew my reaction had only added to her pain. I messaged her doctor, who confirmed the medication had been removed. The shame I felt was so intense that it made my stomach turn. I apologized. “Forgive me, mom. You’re right and they removed it. I’m so sorry.” And her response was exactly what I knew it would be. She said, “No, it’s OK. I know you’re always looking out for me.” She meant it, too. We talked a while longer, and the more she shared, the better she felt. Half an hour later she was laughing and reminding me I’d promised to take her to the market she liked. I was relieved she felt better, but I felt deeply unsettled. I felt a deep sense of shame. We had been raised to respect our parents, to never raise our voices at them. However, that was exactly what I did. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150词左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The next morning I told my mom I was going to take her to a place. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the trip, my mom whispered what would stay in my heart forever. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 保密★启用前 2026年4月高三年级适应性考试 英语笔试 2026年4月 第一部分 听力（1—20小题）在笔试结束后进行 听力题目略。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Where Languages Are Dying Data from the Endangered Languages Project analyzed by Statista reveals that thousands of languages from around the world are currently in danger of dying out. The role of languages in the DNA of cultures cannot be overstated, nor can the importance they hold as frameworks (框架) upon which our societies develop. Languages evolve to reflect the environment in which they are applied, as well as the people and the cultures that are using and adapting them as time passes by. The following infograpic shows the languages classified as threatened and endangered in 2022 (by region). Globalization is a significant killer of languages, as a research paper by Amano et al. states: “The dominating effect of a single socioeconomic factor, GDP per capita (人均), on speaker growth rate suggests that economic growth and globalization are primary drivers of recent language speaker declines. This has been the case mainly since the 1970s onwards, for instance, via associated political and educational developments and globalized socioeconomic dynamics.” Despite the decline of many languages, we can find hope knowing that it’s possible for almost extinct languages to bounce back. Awakening languages might not be more than the number of endangered ones, but they provide an encouraging sign that the right efforts and resources have the power to bring dying languages back to life. 1. Why is the role of language important in society? A. It boosts global economy. B. It shapes how society develops. C. It reflects bioenvironment. D. It determines how cultures change. 2. Which region had the most endangered languages in 2022? A. Europe. B. South America. C. Africa. D. Oceania. 3. What does the author try to tell us by mentioning saving endangered languages? A. There’s little possibility to awaken them. B. There’s hope with right action. C. The government dominates the progress. D. Globalization is a key factor. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球语言面临消亡的现状、原因及复苏希望。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The role of languages in the DNA of cultures cannot be overstated, nor can the importance they hold as frameworks (框架) upon which our societies develop.(语言在文化基因中的作用怎么强调都不为过，它们作为我们社会发展的框架所具有的重要性也不容忽视。)”可知，语言在社会中很重要是因为它塑造了社会发展的方式。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一张图表数据：North/Central America (222)、South America (226)、Europe/Russia (148)、Africa (428)、Asia (693)、Oceania (733)可知，Oceania (大洋洲)的濒危语言数量最多。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despite the decline of many languages, we can find hope knowing that it’s possible for almost extinct languages to bounce back. Awakening languages might not be more than the number of endangered ones, but they provide an encouraging sign that the right efforts and resources have the power to bring dying languages back to life.(尽管许多语言在衰落，但当我们知道几乎灭绝的语言有可能复苏时，我们就能找到希望。复苏的语言可能并不比濒危语言的数量多，但它们提供了一个令人鼓舞的迹象，即正确的努力和资源有能力让濒危语言起死回生。)”可知，作者提到拯救濒危语言是想告诉我们采取正确的行动就有希望。故选B。 B I am Frédérique and I will never forget that very first day when I stepped into my first classroom. The school had a reputation for being filled with the worst-disciplined students in that particular suburban area. The night before that first encounter I spent hours planning the day’s lesson, and I even referred to my colleagues on the best approach and materials to strike the students’ fancy. I planned to teach the “perfect tenses”. When I walked in, the students didn’t even notice my presence. I had to knock on the desk and say the greeting for the day. In response they just stared at me. It felt like they were examining every inch of me, and at that moment, I wanted the floor to open up and make me disappear from the face of the earth. Nervously, I began the lesson. I spoke perfect English. I took out the charts and hung them on the board. The class was silent. No one broke away from his or her stare. But when I started to finger one student at random to respond to my questions, the rest of class restarted their own activities, most of which were getting into arguments with their neighbors. At that point I began to realize how inexperienced I was. All the theories I had learned and memorized in college about wonderful learning behaviorism and class communication seemed inappropriate and useless. I had to think on my feet about how to resolve the conflicts between the students and try to direct their short attention into my well-crafted lesson. The students began to speak with each other in Thai. I tried to speak in Malay. They didn’t understand me. They ignored me. Grateful for a handful of students who sat in the front rows and who appeared more academically focused than the rest. They managed to converse with me in Malay. Teaching is tough, I suppose, because the learning that I experienced as a student was always a sheltered environment. I went to the best schools, and I had wonderful parents and teachers who supported my learning process one way or the other. I now know that reality bites, and I learned that the hard way. 4. What can be learned about Frédérique in paragraph 1? A. She took teaching seriously. B. She had a mind of curiosity. C. She liked studying grammar. D. She lived in a suburban area. 5. What did Frédérique do when teaching in her first class? A. She argued with students. B. She escaped from the stage. C. She tried to engage students. D. She randomly let off her steam. 6. How did Frédérique finally survive her first class? A. She received some responses. B. She put theories into practice. C. She shifted students’ attention. D. She switched to speaking Malay. 7. What does the story tell us? A. Hard work pays off. B. Rome wasn’t built in a day. C. Every cloud has a silver lining. D. Experience is the mother of wisdom. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Frédérique第一天当老师的经历，以及她从中得到的成长与感悟。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The night before that first encounter I spent hours planning the day’s lesson, and I even referred to my colleagues on the best approach and materials to strike the students’ fancy. I planned to teach the “perfect tenses”.(在第一次见面的前一晚，我花了几个小时规划当天的课程，甚至向同事请教了最能吸引学生的方法和材料。我计划教“完成时态”)”可知，Frédérique在上课前精心规划课程、向同事请教，由此可看出她对待教学非常认真。故选A项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I spoke perfect English. I took out the charts and hung them on the board. The class was silent. No one broke away from his or her stare. But when I started to finger one student at random to respond to my questions, the rest of class restarted their own activities, most of which were getting into arguments with their neighbors.(我说着一口流利的英语。我拿出图表挂在黑板上。全班鸦雀无声。没有人从凝视中移开目光。但当我开始随机指着一个学生回答我的问题时，班上其他学生又开始了自己的活动，其中大多数人都在和邻居争吵)”可知，Frédérique在课堂上努力讲课、展示图表、提问学生，试图让学生参与到课堂中来。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Grateful for a handful of students who sat in the front rows and who appeared more academically focused than the rest. They managed to converse with me in Malay.(感谢坐在前排的几个学生，他们看起来比其他人更专注于学习。他们设法用马来语和我交谈)”可知，Frédérique最终能撑过第一堂课，是因为有几个前排的学生用马来语和她交流，给了她一些回应。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Teaching is tough, I suppose, because the learning that I experienced as a student was always a sheltered environment. I went to the best schools, and I had wonderful parents and teachers who supported my learning process one way or the other. I now know that reality bites, and I learned that the hard way.(我想，教学是艰难的，因为我作为学生时的学习环境总是很受保护。我上了最好的学校，有很棒的父母和老师，他们以各种方式支持我的学习过程。我现在知道现实是残酷的，我是通过惨痛的经历才明白这一点的)”可推断，这个故事告诉我们，只有亲身经历过，才能获得智慧和成长，即“经验是智慧之母”。故选D项。 C Fatigue management (疲劳管理) is vital for everyone, and staying alert when needed requires more than just good, consistent sleep. Think of moments like feeling sleepy while driving or fighting sleep in a boring class — our usual fixes, such as walking around, drinking coffee or standing at the back of a room, are only quick short-term solutions. However, for those whose jobs involve missions or off-cycle work that prevent adequate sleep, more tailored strategies are necessary. This raises the question: Can sleep extension help when you know you’ll need to stay awake for a long time? Sleep banking, the practice of extending sleep hours in the nights before a known period of sleep deprivation (剥夺), has gained increasing attention. In 2009, an Army study compared people who got their regular hours of sleep for a week to a group that spent 10 hours in bed during those same nights. This was followed by 3 nights of only 3 hours of time in bed allowed for both groups. Surprisingly, the group that had “banked” sleep, performed better on a measure of alertness during the sleep restricted time period and recovered faster from the sleep deprivation. A more recent study also found that a week of sleep extension improved quick decision-making during a 40-hour total sleep deprivation task involving emotional stimuli and attentional distraction. Despite supporting evidence, there are also arguments against the theory. One concern is simply that humans are not designed to sleep when they don’t need sleep, thus from the perspective of physiological instinct (本能), the notion of banking does not make sense. Another is that the observed improvements may come from resolving sleep debt which itself boosts cognition and wakefulness rather than sleep banking. Currently, we don’t have a definitive answer to “Can you bank sleep?” But there is clear benefit to sleep extension before planned deprivation. While the mechanism remains unproven, either sleep banking or resolving sleep debt through pre-deprivation extension appears to help individuals perform better during deprivation and recover more quickly afterward. 8. What is the effect of common ways to fight sleepiness? A. They bring long-term comfort. B. They relieve temporary fatigue. C. They help to tackle tough tasks. D. They remove boredom in class. 9. What is the shared finding of the two studies? A. Mild sleep shortage facilitates decision-making. B. Sleep extension increases the degree of alertness. C. Sleep banking contributes to mental reactions. D. Sleepiness results from attentional distraction. 10. Why is the sleep banking theory being questioned? A. It goes against biological sense. B. It disturbs human cognition. C. It overstates the actual impact. D. It doesn’t pay people’s sleep debt. 11. Before which of the following activities can we bank sleep? A. Seeing a doctor. B. Taking a daily quiz. C. Joining in a triathlon. D. Attending a meeting. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍疲劳管理中睡眠储备的概念、相关研究及人们对该理论的支持与质疑。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Think of moments like feeling sleepy while driving or fighting sleep in a boring class — our usual fixes, such as walking around, drinking coffee or standing at the back of a room, are only quick short-term solutions.(试想一下这样的时刻：开车时昏昏欲睡，或是在枯燥的课堂上强打精神 ——我们常用的解决方法，比如四处走动、喝咖啡或站在房间后面，都只是快速的短期解决方案)”可知，常见的对抗困倦的方法只能缓解暂时的疲劳，故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ Surprisingly, the group that had “banked” sleep, performed better on a measure of alertness during the sleep restricted time period and recovered faster from the sleep deprivation.(令人惊讶的是进行睡眠储备的小组在睡眠受限期间，在警觉性测试中表现更好，并且从睡眠不足中恢复得更快)”和第四段“A more recent study also found that a week of sleep extension improved quick decision-making during a 40-hour total sleep deprivation task involving emotional stimuli and attentional distraction.(最近一项研究还发现，连续一周延长睡眠时间，能让人在一项包含情绪刺激、注意力干扰、且长达40小时完全不睡的任务中，更快做出决策)”可知，两项研究共同发现睡眠储备有助于提升心理反应能力，故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“One concern is simply that humans are not designed to sleep when they don’t need sleep, thus from the perspective of physiological instinct, the notion of banking does not make sense.(一个担忧是，人类本身并不适合在不需要睡眠的时候强行睡眠，因此从生理本能的角度来看，睡眠储备的概念是不合理的)”可知，睡眠储备理论因违背生理本能而受到质疑，故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 “Sleep banking, the practice of extending sleep hours in the nights before a known period of sleep deprivation(睡眠储备是指在已知即将面临睡眠剥夺的前几晚，延长睡眠时间的做法)”可知，睡眠储备适用于需长时间保持清醒、可能面临睡眠剥夺的活动。铁人三项属于高强度、长时间运动，需提前进行睡眠储备。故选C项。 D Now, evolution has realistically long saved countless species from climate shifts. This raises a critical question: as global temperatures keep rising, can species adapt quickly enough to survive climate change? The answer is definitely yes, at least for organisms with short generations. The latest evidence comes from the monkey flower, a wild plant that evolved to survive California’s megadrought from 2012 to 2015. Daniel Anstett at Cornell University and his colleagues have studied monkey flowers since 2010, assessing their growth at various sites yearly and taking samples for DNA sequencing. Monkey flowers are water-loving plants that grow along streams, so the drought hit them extremely hard. “If you were to put one in a pot and not water it for a few days, it would just die,” Anstett explains. Three local populations died out during the drought, but many survivors evolved drought tolerance in just three years, with genome mutations (基因突变) linked to climate adaptation — and these populations recovered the fastest after the drought. This is what biologists call evolutionary rescue: a species surviving a deadly threat via rapid evolution. The phenomenon has been demonstrated in several lab experiments before, but Anstett confirms this is the first time it has been proven to happen in the wild. However, all this said, a three-year drought is weather, not climate. “Demonstrating adaptation to climate change would take a while,” says Andrew Storfer at Washington State University. In other words, the fact that monkey flowers were able to evolve to survive one extreme drought doesn’t necessarily mean they will cope with a century of rising temperatures and ever more extreme weather. What’s more, when populations decline, they lose genetic diversity — the fuel for evolution. As global warming continues, the threats will grow ever greater, but species’ capacity to evolve will get smaller. And long-lived species with long generation times have very little capacity for rapid evolution to begin with. Nevertheless, Anstett sees his findings as good news. “A lot of these current predictions about species decline don’t take evolution into account,” he says. “This is a story of hope.” 12. What is the “critical question” in paragraph 1 based on? A. A fact. B. An assumption. C. A theory. D. A definition. 13. What do we know about evolutionary rescue? A. Lab experiments have failed to prove it. B. Daniel Anstett and his colleagues oppose it. C. Monkey flowers lend further support to it. D. Genome mutations play a minor role in it. 14. What do Storfer’s words in paragraph 4 imply? A. Evolutionary rescue demonstrates biodiversity. B. Most people cannot tell weather from climate. C. Extreme weather best tests flowers’ tolerance. D. Species’ capacity to evolve takes time to examine. 15. Why does Anstett say “This is a story of hope” in the last paragraph? A. He wins huge support from biologists. B. His research provides a new perspective. C. He finds the secret of long-lived species. D. His research highlights current predictions. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍进化能帮助物种应对气候变化，并以猴面花为例说明，同时也指出其局限性与希望。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Now, evolution has realistically long saved countless species from climate shifts. This raises a critical question: as global temperatures keep rising, can species adapt quickly enough to survive climate change?(现在，进化实际上长期以来拯救了无数物种免受气候变化的影响。这就提出了一个关键问题：随着全球气温持续上升，物种能否足够快地适应以在气候变化中生存下来？)”可知，这个关键问题是基于“进化长期拯救物种免受气候变化影响”这一事实提出的。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Three local populations died out during the drought, but many survivors evolved drought tolerance in just three years, with genome mutations linked to climate adaptation — and these populations recovered the fastest after the drought. This is what biologists call evolutionary rescue(在干旱期间，三个当地种群灭绝了，但许多幸存者在短短三年内进化出了耐旱性，其基因突变与气候适应有关 —— 而且这些种群在干旱后恢复得最快。这就是生物学家所说的进化拯救)”可知，猴面花的案例为“进化拯救”提供了进一步的支持。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Demonstrating adaptation to climate change would take a while,” says Andrew Storfer at Washington State University. In other words, the fact that monkey flowers were able to evolve to survive one extreme drought doesn’t necessarily mean they will cope with a century of rising temperatures and ever more extreme weather.(华盛顿州立大学的安德鲁・斯托弗说：“证明对气候变化的适应需要一段时间。”换句话说，猴面花能够进化以度过一次极端干旱，并不一定意味着它们能应对一个世纪的气温上升和越来越极端的天气)”可推断，斯托弗的话暗示，物种的进化能力需要时间来检验，一次极端干旱的适应不能代表对长期气候变化的适应。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““A lot of these current predictions about species decline don’t take evolution into account,” he says. “This is a story of hope.”(他说：“目前许多关于物种减少的预测都没有考虑到进化。这是一个充满希望的故事。”)”可知，安斯特特认为他的研究发现（物种能通过快速进化应对威胁）提供了一个新的视角，打破了人们对物种减少的悲观预测，因此他说这是一个充满希望的故事。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Giving and receiving positive feedback Your manager called you and said she would want to discuss your performance in recent projects. ____16____. On Monday morning, when you walked into her office, she first praised your excellent work, and you immediately got ready — is this a common setting for the frightening “feedback sandwich”? You are very familiar with this pattern: starting with praise, offering genuine criticism, and ending with more praise. ____17____. However, when feedback follows this predictable formula, employees begin to see praise as a filler for criticism, depriving it of its true meaning. Positive feedback is better than being downgraded to a buffer (缓冲) responsibility. It should be used independently as a tool for motivation. Below are three tips to help you make positive feedback count. ● Separate positive from negative feedback When praise always comes before criticism, it loses its power. ____18____. Let it be offered without a shadow — no comparison, no subtle correction. Just the simple, honest act of appreciation. ● ____19____ Psychologist Carol Dweck emphasized our brain’s adaptability and our capacity to develop new abilities. Rather than praising fixed traits like “you have a natural eye for detail,” focus on the process — celebrating effort, creative approaches, and problem-solving persistence. ● Create a culture of offering positive feedback Integrate positive feedback into daily interactions, not just formal reviews. Offer casual appreciation during hallway conversations or coffee breaks. Encourage team members to recognize each other’s contributions. ____20____. Transforming a workplace skeptical of positive feedback takes patience, but the rewards extend beyond improved performance to a genuinely enriched professional life. A. Praise a creative mindset B. Develop a growth mindset C. She began criticizing without hesitation D. Ensure that praise sometimes exists independently E. Such habits create an environment where praise flows in all directions F. You spend the entire weekend anxious and question what you did wrong G. Many managers use this technique, wrapping negative feedback between two positives 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. D 19. B 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章以“反馈三明治”现象引入，指出积极反馈不应沦为批评的缓冲，并给出三条建议：正负反馈分离、培养成长型思维、营造积极反馈文化，以提升职场激励效果。 【16题详解】 上文“Your manager called you and said she would want to discuss your performance in recent projects.( 你的经理打电话给你，说她想和你谈谈你近期项目的表现。)”提到经理打电话说要和你谈近期项目表现。下文“On Monday morning, when you walked into her office…(周一早上，当你走进她的办公室时…)”提到周一早上走进办公室。可推知，接到这种通知，人会先焦虑、担心自己出错，度过不安的周末。F选项“You spend the entire weekend anxious and question what you did wrong.(你整个周末都很焦虑，怀疑自己是不是哪里做错了。)”符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 【17题详解】 上文“You are very familiar with this pattern: starting with praise, offering genuine criticism, and ending with more praise.( 你对这种模式非常熟悉：先以赞扬开始，接着给出真诚的批评，最后再以更多的赞扬结束。)”介绍了“表扬 —批评— 表扬”的反馈三明治模式。下文“However, when feedback follows this predictable formula, employees begin to see praise as a filler for criticism, depriving it of its true meaning.( 然而，如果反馈遵循这种可预测的模式，员工就会将赞扬视为批评的填充物，从而剥夺了其真正的意义。)”However 转折，说这种固定模式会让赞美失去意义。G选项“Many managers use this technique, wrapping negative feedback between two positives.(许多管理者使用这种技巧，把负面反馈夹在两段正面评价之间。)”先说明很多管理者都在使用这种方法，再转折讲问题。this technique 指代前面的 feedback sandwich，指代清晰，衔接紧密。故选G项。 【18题详解】 段落主旨“Separate positive from negative feedback(区分积极反馈和消极反馈)”把正面反馈和负面反馈分开。上文“When praise always comes before criticism, it loses its power. (当赞扬总是先于批评出现时，它就会失去效力。)”提到赞美总是放在批评前面就会失去力量。下文“Let it be offered without a shadow — no comparison, no subtle correction.( 让它自然地呈现出来——不要比较，不要微妙的纠正。)”提到让赞美不带阴影、没有对比、没有修正，只是真诚欣赏。D选项“Ensure that praise sometimes exists independently.(要确保赞美有时可以独立存在。)”可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，independently对应段落主题 separate，完美呼应。故选D项。 【19题详解】 下文“Rather than praising fixed traits like “you have a natural eye for detail,” focus on the process — celebrating effort, creative approaches, and problem-solving persistence.( 与其称赞诸如“你天生就善于关注细节”这类固定特质，不如关注过程——赞美努力、创新的方法以及解决问题的毅力。)”本段讲“如何正确给出积极反馈”，重点是赞美思维与过程。B选项“Develop a growth mindset(培养成长型思维)”为总结该段内容，适合作为该段小标题。故选B项。 【20题详解】 段落主旨“Create a culture of offering positive feedback(营造积极反馈的文化。)”上文“Integrate positive feedback into daily interactions, not just formal reviews. Offer casual appreciation during hallway conversations or coffee breaks. Encourage team members to recognize each other’s contributions.( 将积极反馈融入日常交流中，而不仅仅是形式上的评估。在走廊交谈或咖啡休息时间里给予随意的赞赏。鼓励团队成员相互认可彼此的贡献。)”提到把赞美融入日常交流、走廊闲聊、鼓励同事互相认可。E选项“Such habits create an environment where praise flows in all directions.(这些习惯会营造出赞美四处流动的环境。)”可知，Such habits指代前面的日常赞美行为，总结自然。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分；满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I hadn’t felt this disconnected from a place for a long time. I had traveled to 27 countries and thought I was skilled at being a stranger, moving through places like ____21____. But in China, the wind stopped. As a foreigner, I was stared at wherever I went in China on the first day. Kids pointed at me and passers-by gazed at me with strange faces. I felt ____22____, old memories of being judged coming back to me so clearly. At the beginning, I ____23____ considered their expressions as ____24____ and even hostility (敌意). Actually deep inside, I just wanted to fit in and be ____25____. On my second day, a big ____26____ to escape rose in my heart. But then, as I checked flights, I realized every time I encountered discomfort, I ____27____. Here, however, I could not hide or become ____28____. I had to make a decision: let the stares control me or ____29____ their meaning myself. I then willingly chose to ____30____ and respond with kindness. Soon I learned that people’s ____31____ were only out of curiosity, not prejudice. They smiled warmly and offered help. It turned out that I had been the one ____32____ them out of fear. China acted like a ____33____, forcing me to face my true self. I originally thought I was merely here to visit a country, but China let me know myself better. True freedom comes not from others’ ____34____, but from accepting who I am. ____35____ is not about finding answers, but asking better questions for us to get connected to the place visited. 21. A. sound B. wind C. cloud D. water 22. A. sympathetic B. pessimistic C. uneasy D. guilty 23. A. wrongly B. pleasantly C. hardly D. nervously 24. A. trust B. disappointment C. politeness D. criticism 25. A. noticed B. praised C. ignored D. underestimated 26. A. hope B. urge C. effort D. chance 27. A. ran away B. held on C. walked around D. calmed down 28. A. silent B. invisible C. unique D. brilliant 29. A. dismiss B. guess C. collect D. define 30. A. wait B. settle C. relax D. stay 31. A. comments B. suggestions C. expressions D. doubts 32. A. judging B. refusing C. pitying D. hating 33. A. greenhouse B. door C. mirror D. port 34. A. permission B. recognition C. explanation D. ambition 35. A. Travelling B. Sporting C. Writing D. Filming 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者初到中国因被注视而感到不安，甚至想逃离，后来选择以善意回应，发现路人只是好奇。这段旅程如镜子般让作者直面内心，懂得真正的自由源于自我接纳，旅行的意义是与所到之地建立联结。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾游历过27个国家，自认为很擅长做一个“陌生人”，像风一样穿梭于各地。A. sound声音；B. wind风；C. cloud云；D. water水。根据后文明确出现“But in China, the wind stopped”可知，此处前后呼应，作者把自己比作风，穿梭于各地。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到不安，那些关于被评判的旧记忆清晰地涌上心头。A. sympathetic同情的；B. pessimistic悲观的；C. uneasy不安的，不自在的；D. guilty内疚的。 根据前文“Kids pointed at me and passers-by gazed at me with strange faces.”提到“无论去哪都被盯着、路人用奇怪的眼神看我”，可知，这种处境会让人感到不自在、局促。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，我错误地将他们的表情视为批评甚至是敌意。A. wrongly错误地；B. pleasantly愉快地；C. hardly几乎不；D. nervously紧张地。根据后文Actually表转折以及“Soon I learned that people’s ______ were only out of curiosity”，说明作者后来发现自己一开始误解了路人的表情，因此是“错误地”认为。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我错误地将他们的表情视为批评甚至是敌意。A. trust信任；B. disappointment失望；C. politeness礼貌；D. criticism指责，评判。根据空格后有“even hostility”可知，此处需填与“敌意” 并列的负面含义，作者误以为路人的表情是指责、评判。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：实际上，在内心深处，我只是想融入其中，被忽视就好。A. noticed被注意、被关注；B. praised被表扬；C. ignored被忽视；D. underestimated被低估。根据语境以及上文“I just wanted to fit in”可知，作者因被注视感到不安，内心希望不被关注，即“被忽视”。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，一种强烈的想要逃离的冲动在我心中升起。A. hope希望；B. urge强烈的冲动、欲望；C. effort努力；D. chance机会。根据句意以及下文“to escape rose in my heart”可知，此处为固定搭配 a big urge to do sth 表示“做某事的强烈冲动”，此处指内心涌起强烈的逃离冲动。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但随后，当我查看航班时，我意识到每次遇到不适，我都会逃避。A. ran away逃跑、逃避；B. held on坚持；C. walked around四处走动；D. calmed down冷静下来。根据后文“however, I could not hide”提到“但这次我不能躲”，说明以往遇到不适时，作者的做法是逃避、跑开。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而在这里，我无法隐藏自己，也无法变得隐形。A. silent沉默的；B. invisible隐形的、不被看见的；C. unique独特的；D. brilliant杰出的。根据上文“I could not hide”可知，作者是外国人，外貌显眼，无法隐藏、无法变成“隐形人”不被注意，与前文hide 呼应。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我必须做出一个决定：让这些注视控制我，还是自己去定义它们的意义。A. dismiss摒弃；B. guess猜测；C. collect收集；D. define定义、解读。根据上文“I had to make a decision: let the stares control me”可知，作者面临选择：要么被异样目光左右，要么自己主动解读目光的含义，而非被动臆测。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是我心甘情愿地选择留下来，并以友善的态度回应。A. wait等待；B. settle定居、解决；C. relax放松；D. stay留下。根据上文“as I checked flights, I realized every time I encountered discomfort, I ran away.”提到每次遇到不适，作者都会逃避，以及下文“and respond with kindness”可知，现在作者心甘情愿地选择留下来，并以友善的态度回应。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我了解到人们的表情只是出于好奇，并非带有偏见。A. comments评论；B. suggestions建议；C. expressions表情、神态；D. doubts怀疑。根据前文多次提到“their expressions”，此处呼应，指人们的表情只是出于好奇。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来是我出于恐惧而评判他们。A. judging评判；B. refusing拒绝；C. pitying同情；D. hating憎恨。根据前文提到“old memories of being judged”（被评判的回忆），此处形成对比：是作者出于恐惧在评判他人。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国就像一面镜子，迫使我面对真实的自己。A. greenhouse温室；B. door门；C. mirror镜子；D. port港口。根据后文“forcing me to face my true self”提到“迫使我面对真实的自己、让我更了解自己”，可知，镜子的比喻最贴切，照见内心。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：真正的自由并非来自他人的认可，而是源于接受真实的自我。A. permission允许；B. recognition认可；C. explanation解释；D. ambition野心。根据下文“but from accepting who I am”可知，作者不再在意他人的眼光，领悟到真正的自由并非来自他人的认可，而是接纳自我。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：旅行并非是为了寻找答案，而是为了通过提出更好的问题，让我们与所到之处建立联系。A. Travelling旅行；B. Sporting运动；C. Writing写作；D. Filming拍摄。通读全文可知，全文围绕作者在中国的旅行经历展开，结尾升华旅行的意义。故选A项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Australian vlogger Amy Lyons seemed surprised that the small city of Tongren in China’s ____36____ (southwest) Guizhou province exports matcha abroad. In her video, shop windows are filled with locally produced matcha products, from the emerald-colored powder ____37____ (it) to matcha-flavored ice cream — even matcha noodles. In recent years, Guizhou matcha ____38____ (become) a hot product on social media platforms like RedNote. Tourists queue for a popular matcha milk tea, hold up cups for photos at scenic spots, and fill social feeds with check-in ____39____ (post). China is one of the largest producers of matcha. A report from ____40____ China Tea Marketing Association shows that national output is expected to surpass (超过) 12,000 metric tons in 2025, ____41____ (rough) 70 percent of global production, with Tongren at the center. Taking advantage ____42____ misty highlands ideal for tea cultivation, the region shifted from traditional tea cultivation to matcha production around 2018. But while the current enthusiasm for matcha may come across as a fairly recent trend, people whisked (搅拌) tea powder into hot water ____43____ (make) a tasty drink and treated it as an elegant art as early as the Song Dynasty (AD 960-1279). The technique of using a bamboo whisk, ____44____ (add) water in seven stages and varying the whipping motion until the foam swelled “like a milky mist”, ____45____ is believed to have been brought abroad by Buddhist monks, is recorded during the Song period. Now, it lives on in the thriving modern matcha culture of China. 【答案】36. southwestern 37. itself 38. has become 39. posts 40. the 41. roughly 42. of 43. to make 44. adding 45. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国贵州铜仁抹茶的出口情况、近期热度，以及中国抹茶的生产规模、历史渊源和相关技艺的传承。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚视频博主艾米·莱昂斯似乎很惊讶，中国西南贵州省的小城铜仁竟然向国外出口抹茶。此处修饰名词短语Guizhou province，需用形容词作定语，southwest的形容词形式为southwestern，意为“西南的”。故填southwestern。 【37题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：在她的视频中，商店橱窗里摆满了当地生产的抹茶产品，从翠绿色的抹茶粉本身到抹茶味冰淇淋——甚至还有抹茶面。此处指代前文提到的“matcha powder”，强调“抹茶粉本身”，需用反身代词itself，作同位语，补充说明抹茶粉这一事物本身。故填itself。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：近年来，贵州抹茶已成为小红书等社交媒体平台上的热门产品。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语In recent years可知，此处强调从过去持续到现在的状态，要用现在完成时，主语Guizhou matcha是单数，所以用has become。故填has become。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：游客们排队购买受欢迎的抹茶奶茶，在景点举着杯子拍照，并用打卡帖子填满社交动态。post此处为可数名词，意为“帖子”，根据前文fill social feeds with可知，此处应用复数形式posts，表示“大量的打卡帖子”符合语境。故填posts。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国茶叶流通协会的一份报告显示，2025年全国抹茶产量预计将超过1.2万吨，约占全球产量的70%，而铜仁处于核心地位。China Tea Marketing Association为专有名词，前面需加定冠词the，特指“中国茶叶流通协会”。故填the。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国茶叶流通协会的一份报告显示，2025年全国抹茶产量预计将超过1.2万吨，约占全球产量的70%，而铜仁处于核心地位。此处修饰数词70 percent，需用副词作状语，rough的副词形式为roughly，意为“大约；粗略地”。故填roughly。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：该地区利用适合茶叶种植的多雾高地，于2018年左右从传统茶叶种植转向抹茶生产。take advantage of为固定搭配，意为“利用”。故填of。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但尽管目前人们对抹茶的热情似乎是一个相当近期的趋势，早在宋朝（公元960-1279年），人们就将茶粉搅入热水中制成美味的饮品，并将其视为一种高雅的艺术。此处用不定式作目的状语，说明“将茶粉搅入热水中”的目的是“制成美味的饮品”。故填to make。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：宋朝时期就有记载，用竹筅搅拌、分七次加水并改变搅拌动作，直到泡沫膨胀“如乳雾般”的技艺，据信是由僧侣带到国外的。此处与using a bamboo whisk、varying the whipping motion并列，作后置定语，修饰名词The technique，且add与逻辑主语The technique之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词adding。故填adding。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：宋朝时期就有记载，用竹筅搅拌、分七次加水并改变搅拌动作，直到泡沫膨胀“如乳雾般”的技艺，据信是由僧侣带到国外的。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为The technique，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用which引导。故填which。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周日你参加了以“Reducing Our Carbon Footprint”为主题的徒步活动。请给你的英国笔友Tom写一封邮件，分享这次活动经历，内容包括： 1．活动过程； 2．你的感受。 注意： 1．词数80词左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Tom, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear Tom, I’m writing to share my experience of the low-carbon hiking activity themed “Reducing Our Carbon Footprint” last Sunday. Held in the city park, the activity attracted many participants. We walked along the river, carried reusable bottles and picked up litter to reduce pollution. During the break, volunteers also introduced low-carbon lifestyles. I find this event very rewarding. It not only makes me realize the importance of environmental protection but also inspires me to live a greener life. I hope more people will join in activities like this. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的名义给笔友Tom写一封邮件，分享上周日参加“Reducing Our Carbon Footprint”为主题的徒步活动经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 吸引：attract → appeal to 有意义的：rewarding → meaningful/significant 保护：protection → preservation/conservation 意识到：realize → recognize/be aware of 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：It not only makes me realize the importance of environmental protection but also inspires me to live a greener life.  拓展句：Not only does it make me realize the importance of environmental protection but also it inspires me to live a greener life.  【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to share my experience of the low-carbon hiking activity themed “Reducing Our Carbon Footprint” last Sunday.（运用了过去分词themed作定语） 【高分句型2】Held in the city park, the activity attracted many participants. （运用了过去分词held作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My mom is 83 years old and I love her deeply, but there are moments when my patience wears thin, especially when I’ve repeated myself 10 times because she refuses to wear a hearing aid out of vanity (虚荣心). Not long ago, we had a misunderstanding over her medication (药物治疗). She was still clear-minded, but of course she forgot things at times and when I questioned her, she got defensive. When I saw she hadn’t been taking a certain medication, anger replaced patience. She insisted she didn’t need it anymore; I accused her of ignoring the doctor’s orders and putting her health at risk. We went back and forth, until I realized that she was crying. My immigrant, hard-working mom had made a million sacrifices for us. Seeing her cry broke something within me. My anger immediately disappeared and I hugged her. Tears gave way to words. She said, “I am upset because I feel useless, because my body isn’t doing what it used to and I even can’t make it to the market on my own.” Her words hit my heart and reminded me that she was struggling with things I didn’t always see. In that moment, I knew my reaction had only added to her pain. I messaged her doctor, who confirmed the medication had been removed. The shame I felt was so intense that it made my stomach turn. I apologized. “Forgive me, mom. You’re right and they removed it. I’m so sorry.” And her response was exactly what I knew it would be. She said, “No, it’s OK. I know you’re always looking out for me.” She meant it, too. We talked a while longer, and the more she shared, the better she felt. Half an hour later she was laughing and reminding me I’d promised to take her to the market she liked. I was relieved she felt better, but I felt deeply unsettled. I felt a deep sense of shame. We had been raised to respect our parents, to never raise our voices at them. However, that was exactly what I did. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150词左右； 2．请按如下格式作答。 The next morning I told my mom I was going to take her to a place. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After the trip, my mom whispered what would stay in my heart forever. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The next morning I told my mom I was going to take her to a place. Her eyes brightened with surprise, and a faint smile appeared on her face. I helped her put on her coat, held her arm gently and led her to the car. She kept asking where we were going, and I just said it was a surprise. When we arrived, she recognized the cozy market she used to visit. The familiar smells and voices made her eyes sparkle, and she stepped forward slowly, regaining a little confidence. After the trip, my mom whispered what would stay in my heart forever. Holding my hand tightly, she said softly, “Thank you for bringing me here. Today, I don’t feel useless anymore — I can still pick my favorite vegetables.” Tears of joy filled her eyes. I hugged her, apologizing for losing my temper. She patted my back, saying love was all that mattered. I realized that loving parents means protecting their dignity and being patient with their weakness. 【解析】 【导语】本文以“母女间的误会与和解”为线索展开，讲述了“我”因母亲拒绝戴助听器、未按医嘱服药而发脾气，得知母亲因觉得自己无用而难过後深感愧疚，道歉后仍心神不宁，决心用行动弥补母亲的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ① 由第一段首句“第二天早上我告诉妈妈我要带她去一个地方。”可知，接下来可描写母亲的惊喜反应，“我”细心照料母亲出行，以及目的地的选择，这些让母亲重新感受到自身价值。 ② 由第二段首句“旅行结束后，妈妈轻声说了一句话，这句话将永远留在我心中。”可知，接下来可描写母亲的真情流露，表达自己不再觉得无用的心声，“我”再次道歉并领悟到爱父母的真谛。 2. 续写线索 告知母亲要带她去一个地方——母亲惊喜追问，“我”细心陪伴出行——抵达母亲熟悉的市场，母亲重拾信心——返程后母亲真情倾诉，不再觉得无用——“我”再次道歉，领悟爱父母的真谛（守护尊严、包容弱点） 3.词类激活 行为类 ①出现：appear/merge ②询问：ask/inquire ③重要：matter/count ④拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①快乐：joy/delight ②眼中闪着光芒（开心）：eyes sparkle/eyes lit up 【点睛】【高分句型1】She kept asking where we were going, and I just said it was a surprise.（运用了where引导宾语从句和省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Holding my hand tightly, she said softly, “Thank you for bringing me here. Today, I don’t feel useless anymore — I can still pick my favorite vegetables.”（运用了现在分词作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $