Unit 4 单元语法讲练-【精品课】2025-2026学年八年级英语下册同步精品课件（新教材人教版）

Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature What is amazing about nature? 单元语法讲练 Lead in Watch and say What do you know about these natural wonders of the world? What is the biggest desert in the world? It is the Sahara Desert. How big is it? It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. Where is the deepest point in the ocean? It is in the Mariana Trench. How deep is it? It is about 11,000 metres deep. Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can “see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world, and it is still growing taller. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. Find the comparatives (比较级)and superlatives（最高级）. Are they all used to compare things? 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 形容词和副词的比较等级 Let’s learn 英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别， 即原级、比较级和最高级。 原级：没有比较含义； 比较级：两者间比较，表示“较……”或“更……”； 最高级：三者及三者以上比较，表示“最……”，形容词最 高级前一般要加定冠词 the，副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 4 The Yangtze River 长江 6300 km The Yellow River 黄河 5464 km The Zhujiang River 珠江 2320 km The Yellow River is longer than the Zhujiang River. The Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River. The Yangtze River is the longest of all. 比较级与最高级的区别： 比较级：_____者比较。 最高级：_____者或_____者以上比较。 两 三 三 2.形容词比较级与最高级的变化方式 short 形容词的变化方式，可分为规则变化与不规则变化两种： 多数单音节形容词比较级在原级词尾加er，最高级在词尾加est 1.规则变化 shorter shortest young younger youngest 2.形容词比较级与最高级的变化方式 nice 形容词的变化方式，可分为规则变化与不规则变化两种： 词尾为e的形容词比较级词尾加r，最高级词尾加st 1.规则变化 nicer nicest large larger largest 2.形容词比较级与最高级的变化方式 lazy 形容词的变化方式，可分为规则变化与不规则变化两种： 词尾为辅音+y的形容词，比较级将y改i，再加er,最高级将y改i，再加est 1.规则变化 lazier laziest early earlier earliest 2.形容词比较级与最高级的变化方式 big 形容词的变化方式，可分为规则变化与不规则变化两种： 短元音+单辅音的单音节形容词，比较级双写词尾加er，最高级双写词尾加est 1.规则变化 bigger biggest fat fatter fattest 2.形容词比较级与最高级的变化方式 helpful 形容词的变化方式，可分为规则变化与不规则变化两种： 两个音节以上形容词，比较级前面加more，最高级前面加most 1.规则变化 more helpful most helpful famous more famous most famous 2.形容词比较级与最高级的变化方式 good/well 形容词的变化方式，可分为规则变化与不规则变化两种： 原级 2.不规则变化 better best 比较级 最高级 bad/ ill worse worst many/ much more most little less least 特殊的形容词比较级 有些形容词有两种不同的比较级和最高级，且代表含义稍有不同： 比较级 最高级 old 老，旧 older 更老的；更旧的 elder 较年长的；较资深的 oldest eldest far 远 farther 更远的 further 更进一步的 farthest furthest late 迟；晚 later 较晚的 latter 后者的 latest last 1．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成(规则变化) 单音节词和部分双音节词 多音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est 以e结尾的词加-r或-st 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，把y变为i再加-er或-est 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母后再加-er或-est 在单词前加 more 构成比较级，加 most 构成最高级 fast→faster→fastest nice→nicer→nicest easy→easier→ easiest big→bigger→ biggest beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful SUMMARY 形容词和副词的比较等级 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 13 1．形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成（不规则变形） 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well many/much bad/badly/ill little old far better best more most worse worst less least older/elder oldest/eldest farther/further farthest/furthest SUMMARY 形容词和副词的比较等级 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 14 1.big __________ _________ 2. high __________ __________ 3. low __________ __________ 4. deep __________ __________ 5. easy __________ __________ 6. far __________ __________ 7. happy __________ _______ 8. early __________ __________ 9. great __________ __________ 10. close __________ __________ 11. amazing_______________ ________________ 12. interesting______________ ________________ 13. well __________ __________ 14. little __________ __________ 写出下列单词的比较级和最高级 bigger biggest higher highest lower lowest deeper deepest easier easiest farther farthest happier happiest earlier earliest greater greatest closer closest more amazing most amazing more interesting most interesting better best less least Let’s practice 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 1. thin __________ _________ 2. fast __________ __________ 3. low __________ __________ 4. deep __________ __________ 5. easy __________ __________ 6. late __________ __________ 7. happy __________ _______ 8. hot __________ __________ 9. little __________ __________ 10. well __________ __________ 11. far _______________ ________________ 12. amazing _______________ ________________ 13. wonderful ______________ ________________ lower lowest deeper deepest easier easiest farther/further farthest/furthest happier happiest hotter hottest later latest more amazing most amazing more wonderful most wonderful better best less least thinner thinnest faster fastest Look and Practice 比较级的用法 1. 形容词或副词的比较级+than The Nile River is longer than the Yangtze River. 尼罗河比长江长。 2. the + 比较级 + of the two (+ 名词复数) 表示“两者中较……的那个”。 This is the longer of the two rivers. 这是两条河流中更长的那条。 The taller of the two students is my best friend. 这两个学生中更高的那个是我最好的朋友。 3. Which/Who... + 比较级, A or B? 表示“ A和B哪个/谁更……？” Which is easier, Chinese or math? 北京和上海，哪个城市更大？ 比较级 6. A + be + 倍数 + 形容词比较级 + than + B 表示“A是B的……倍……”。 This river is twice longer than that small river. 这条河比那条小河长两倍。 The elephant is four times heavier than the horse. 大象比马重四倍。 4. “比较级+and+比较级(单音节词和部分双音节词)”或“more and more+原级(多音节词和部分双音节词)”, 表示“越来越……”。 She becomes more and more beautiful. 她越来越漂亮。 It is getting colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷。 5. “the +比较级...，the+比较级..”, 表示“越……,就越……”。 The harder you study, the better you will be. 你学习越努力，就会越优秀。 Look and Practice 用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. This movie is ____________ (exciting) than that one. 2. It is getting ________ and ________ (warm) as spring comes. 3. The ____________ (careful) you are, the ________ (few) mistakes you will make. 4. This building is three times ________ (tall) than the old one. 5. The ________ (short) of the two pencils is for you. more exciting warmer warmer more careful fewer taller shorter 最高级的用法 1. (the+)最高级(+名词)+in/of 短语，意为“……中最……的”。 This is the most beautiful park in the city. 这是城市里最美的公园。 He runs (the) fastest in his class. 他是班里跑得最快的。 2. the +序数词+形容词最高级+可数名词单数+in/of 短语, 意为“在…中是第几……的……” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。 3. “Which/Who...(the+)最高级，A, B or C?” 意为“哪个/谁是最......, A,B还是C？”。 Which is the most interesting, Chinese, math or English? 语文、数学和英语哪个最有趣？ 4. one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数+in/of 短语，意为“……中最…的……之一”。 This is one of the most interesting books in the library. 这是图书馆里最有趣的书之一。 Lily is one of the most careful girls of the three. Lily是这三个女孩中最细心的一个。 【注意】 (1)最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时，其前不加the。 The Yangtze River is China’s longest river. (2)当most表示“非常”时，其前不加the。 It is a most useful book. (3) “比较级+than any other+可数名词单数” = “比较级+than the other+可数名词复数”表示“比其他任何……都……”, 表示最高级含义， 可与表示最高级的句子进行转换。 He is the tallest one in my class. =He is taller than any other member in my class. =My father is taller than the other members in my class. (4)可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级程度的副词（短语）有: much, a little, even, a lot, a bit, far等。 She runs much faster than her brother. 她比她弟弟跑得快得多。 Look and Practice 句型转换。 1. He is the tallest boy in his class.（改为同义句） He is ________ than ________ ________ boy in his class. 2. This is one of the most popular songs.（改为一般疑问句） ________ this one of ________ ________ popular songs? 3. The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.（改为最高级） The Yangtze River is ________ ________ river in China. 4. Which is the best, red, blue or green?（回答：Green is the best.） ________ is the best ________ the three. 5. He runs faster than the other members.（改为同义句） He runs ________ than ________ ________ member. taller any other Is the most the longest Green of faster any other Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. large amazing far close loud My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world's _____________ waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went____________to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew_________and louder.Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as ________ as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. It was the scariest but also the______________experience of our trip! 4c adj. adj. adj./adv. adj./adv. adj./adv. Tip: Analyze the part of speech(词性) of these words first and then look through the whole passage to find the key words. 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. large amazing far close loud My friends and I visited Victoria Falls in Africa last year. Visiting one of the world's _____________ waterfalls was a magical experience. As we went____________to the falls, the noise of the water slowly grew_________and louder.Then, right before our eyes, the waterfall appeared. It went on for as ________ as the eye could see. Later, we sat in a special pool at the top of the falls. There, we felt the water rush past us and become a part of the waterfall. It was the scariest but also the______________experience of our trip! 4c adj. adj. adj./adv. adj./adv. adj./adv. largest close louder far most amazing 比较级+and+比较级， 表示“越来越” as+原级+as, 表示“如...一样” 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 8,848.86 thousand point eight six and Let’s learn How to read the large numbers? 1.数字从后往前数，每三位标一个逗号。 2.从后往前，第一个逗号处读thousand(千)，第二个逗号处读million(百万)，第三 个逗号处读billion(十亿)。 3.读的时候通常在hundred后加and。 4. 英语中,“几百、几千、几百万、几十亿”都不加“s”; 并且没有直接表示“万”和“亿”的单位词，而要用thousand 和million来表达，如“一万”用“ten thousand”、“一亿”用“one hundred million”。 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 1.Mount Kilimanjaro is __________ (five thousand, eight hundred and ninety-five) metres high. 2._________ (twenty-five thousand, seven hundred and sixty-eight) cubic metres of water pours down Inga Falls each second. 3.The East African Rift Valley is about 4,000 (_____________) miles long. 4.The Taklimakan Desert has a total area of about 337,000 (____________________________________) square kilometres. Write or spell out the numbers. 5,895 乞力马扎罗山 25,768 /ˈkjuːbɪk/ adj. 立方的 /maɪl/ n. 英里 因加瀑布 东非大裂谷 塔克拉玛干沙漠 three hundred and thirty-seven thousand four thousand 4b 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ Write some questions to compare places. Then ask a partner your questions. •What is the highest/deepest/largest...? •Which park is bigger, ... or ...? 4d I’m Doubao. If you want to know more, you can ask me for information! 小红书：Christina在努力｜原创课件 更多教学资源可以关注分享～ 一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1.（2025·扬州）The international influence of Yangzhou is getting ________（strong） than before. 2.（2025·武威）The more we communicate with our parents，the ______ （good） we’ll understand each other. 3.（2025·龙东）After graduating from his university，he chose one of the ________（far） villages in Heilongjiang to be a volunteer. stronger better farthest 29 4.（2024·扬州）Though I failed a lot ______（many） times than I succeeded，I know how to fail well. 5.（2024·包头）When Helen won a prize in the English competition，she believed she was the ________（happy） girl in the world. more happiest 30 二、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。（每词使用次数不限） 人大附中校本经典题 big much popular long old high 6.The Amazon River is one of the _______ rivers in the world. It’s a little _______ than the Yangtze River. 7.Mount Qomolangma is 8,848.86 metres _____.It’s one of the _____________ places for serious mountain climbers. 8.No ocean in the world is as ____ as the Pacific Ocean. 9.Although Japan is ______ than Canada，it is ______ smaller. longest longer high most popular big older much 31 三、按要求完成句子,每空一词。 10.Hangzhou is a beautiful city in Zhejiang.（改为最高级） Hangzhou is ____ ______ _________ city in Zhejiang. the most beautiful 11.My mother cooks the most delicious food in my family.（改为同义句） My mother cooks ______ _________ food than _____ ______ person in my family. more delicious any other 12.My hometown is bigger than Xuzhou.（改为一般疑问句） ___ your hometown _______ than Xuzhou? Is bigger 32 13.Betty is ten years old. David is twelve years old.（合并为一句） David is two years ______ _____ Betty. older than 14.Li Hua is the tallest in our class.（改为同义句） No one in our class is ___ ____ ___ Li Hua. as tall as 33 四、用括号内所给单词的适当形式完成短文。 We often hear about people climbing the world’s highest mountain Qomolangma. What about the 15. _______（high） mountain Denali in North America？It is said that Denali is much higher than Qomolangma from the base（底部） to the top. highest 34 Denali is one of the 16. _____________（difficult） challenges in the world for climbers. It is 17. ______（close） to the North Pole（北极） than other tall mountains. This means that the air there is 18. _______ （thin） than that on other mountains. As a result，it is much 19. _______（hard） for climbers to breathe. The 20. _______（early） group of climbers reached its top in 1913.The next group reached the top in 1947. most difficult closer thinner harder earliest 35 五、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 21.His sister runs more than 5 ______（mile） every day to prepare for the coming race. 22.Could you tell us how far the Yangtze River _______（travel）? 23.The old man was too tired and he had to walk _______（slow） along the road. 24.There are a lot of frogs in the two ______（pool）.They make much noise. 25.My grandma’s stories always have a ________（magic） way of making me feel calm. miles travels slowly pools magical 36 六、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。 as well as louder and louder rush past on the top of an area of 26.Our school has ___________ about 10,000 square metres,with a big playground and two gardens. 27.We were all excited when we stood _____________the high mountain. 28. The birds sang _________________ as the sun rose over the quiet garden. an area of on the top of louder and louder 29.Mike practises English every day,so he can speak it __________ his foreign friend. 30.When we ___________ the garden，Mrs Smith greeted us with a smile. as well as rushed past 37 七、语言知识运用。 阅读下面的短文，从方框中选择5个恰当的词块填空，并将其正确形式写在 相应的横线上。#1 wait for learn about in future at that time all kinds of be famous for The Thames is one of the most important rivers in Britain. It rises in the Cotswold Hills,passes through London and flows into the North Sea. It is about 330 kilometres long. 38 London 31. _____________ its waterways. Long ago,the Thames was one of London’s main “roads”.Many ships and boats brought fish,wood and food to the city by it. In the 1700s,many ships arrived with 32. ____________ things for sale in the city like tea and silk from the East.33. ____________,the Thames was so busy that many ships on the river could hardly move. Sometimes,the ships had to 34. _________ days along the banks to get things on land. Most of the ancient buildings in London are along both sides of the Thames. You can 35. ___________ the British history from them. It’s best to travel through London by the river.#1.1.3 is famous for all kinds of At that time wait for learn about Lavf58.46.101 $