Unit 2 Safety.Understanding cultures & Self-check & Fun Time知识清单2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

该初中英语知识清单围绕“Safety”主题，构建从核心词汇到写作应用的完整学习支架。先系统梳理private、send等核心单词的一词多义、搭配及例句，再延伸至get rid of等核心短语，通过表语从句等核心句式解析，结合过去进行时的语法要点，最终落实到安全主题写作的模板与实战演练。 知识链路以“词汇-短语-句式-语法-写作”逻辑递进，通过对比表格（如message与information辨析）、例句解析培养思维品质，借助写作模板和范文提升语言表达能力。习题设计贴合实际情境，如安全演讲稿写作，助力学生掌握学科特色学习方法，发展自主学习能力。

Unit 2 Safety.Unit 2 Safety. Understanding cultures & Self-check & Fun Time知识清单 Part1核心单词 1 private /'praɪvət/ adj. 私人的；个人的 private 的一词多义：(1) adj. “私人的；个人的”“私立的；民营的”“不受打扰的”。常见搭配：private information 私人信息；a private conversation 私人交谈；a private school/hospital 私立学校/ 医院 (2) in private 私下里；秘密地(相当于privately) 例：You shouldn’t share your private information like phone numbers online. 你不应该在网上分享电话号码这类私人信息。 There’s a new private hospital near our community.我们社区附近有一家新的民营医院。 Can we have a private talk? I need to tell you something important.我们能单独聊一聊吗？我有点重要的事要告诉你。 She doesn’t like to cry in public—she always does it in private. 她不喜欢在公共场合哭，总是私下里哭。 2 send /send/ v. 发送；邮寄；派遣 send 作动词，意为“发送；邮寄；派遣”。过去式、过去分词都是sent。常见用法： (1) send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 邮寄/ 发送给某人某物 (2) send sb. to... 送某人去某地 (3) send for... 派人去叫/ 请 (4) send out 发出；分发 (5) send away 送走；撵走 例：I will send you a postcard when I travel to Beijing.= I will send a postcard to you when I travel to Beijing. 我去北京旅行时会给你寄一张明信片。 My parents sent me to a summer camp last year.去年我父母送我去了一个夏令营。 If you feel sick, we can send for a doctor.如果你觉得不舒服，我们可以派人去请医生。 Have the invitations been sent out yet? 请柬分发出去没有？ The teacher sent the noisy student away.老师把那个吵闹的学生撵走了。 3 view /vjuː/ n. (个人的) 看法，意见v. 把……视为 view 作名词，意为“(个人的) 看法，意见”。in one's view 在某人看来 view 作动词，意为“把……视为”。view... as... 把……视为…… 例：We should respect each other's view.我们应该尊重彼此的看法。 In my view, reading is a good habit.在我看来，阅读是一个好习惯。 He views this job as a great opportunity.他把这份工作看作是一个很好的机会。 4 bully /'bʊli/ v. 恐吓；伤害；胁迫 bully 作动词，意为“恐吓；伤害；胁迫”，这个词带有较强的负面含义，通常用于描述不公正或不道德的行为。bully sb. into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事 bully 作名词，意为“霸凌者；欺负者”。 例：It's wrong to bully others. 恐吓别人是不对的。 It's not right for kids to bully others into doing the homework for them.对孩子来说，胁迫别人替他们做作业是不对的。 The teacher talked to the class about what to do with bullies. 老师和全班同学讨论了如何应对欺负者。 5 message /'mesɪdʒ/ n. 信息，消息 message 作可数名词，意为“信息，消息”，复数形式为messages。常用搭配： (1) leave a message 留言，留口信 (2) take a message 带口信 (3) send a message 发送信息 (4) save a message 保存信息 辨析：message, information 与news message 通常指通过某种方式(如短信、语音信箱等) 传递的具体内容或指令。往往有明确的发 送者和接收者，且有特定的目的。 information 指一般性的、客观的事实或数据，通常用于提供知识或帮助解决问题。 news 指最近发生的事件或情况，通常通过媒体(如报纸、电视、网络等) 传播。 例：The teacher wrote some important messages on the board. 老师在黑板上写了几条重要的信息。 I called you but you didn't answer, so I left a message.我给你打电话，但你没有接，所以我留言了。 Can you take a message to Danny?你能给丹尼带个口信吗？ 6 block /blɒk/ v. 阻碍；阻塞 n. 街区；大楼；障碍物 block 作动词，意为“阻碍；阻塞；挡住”；作名词，意为“街区；大楼；障碍物”。 常见用法：(1) a block of 一块；一片 (2) block off 封锁 (3) block out 挡住 例：He blocked the sunlight with his hand. 他用手挡住了阳光。 She blocked the ball with her foot. 她用脚挡住了球。 She lives three blocks away. 她住在三个街区外。 There is a block on the road. 路上有一个障碍物。 I need a block of wood to build a model.我需要一块木头来做一个模型。 7 trust /trʌst/ n. ＆ v. 信任；信赖；相信 trust 可作名词也可作动词，意为“信任；信赖；相信”。常见搭配： (1) trust sb. to do sth. 相信某人做某事 (2) trust sb. with sth. 把某事托付给某人 辨析：trust, believe 与believe in trust  指对某人的可靠性、诚实或能力有信心，愿意依赖或依靠。 believe  可以用于人或事物，表示对某事的真实性或可能性的接受，不一定涉及情感上的依赖。 believe in 相信某人或某事的存在、潜力和价值，通常带有情感上的支持和信任。 例：Trust is important in a relationship. 在一段关系中，信任很重要。 You can trust him to do the right thing. 你可以相信他会做正确的事。 I trust him with my pets when I am away.我外出时，把我的宠物托付给他。 I believe it will rain tomorrow. 我相信明天会下雨。 You can trust her. She always tells the truth. = You can believe in her. She always tells the truth. 你可以信任她，她总是说实话。 Part2 核心短语 1 get rid of 摆脱，去除，去掉 get rid of 意为“摆脱，去除，去掉”，可以与各种名词搭配，表示去除或摆脱的对象。 get 相关短语：get up 起床 get on 上车 例：She got rid of all the trash in the kitchen. 她清理了厨房里的所有垃圾。 When did you get up this morning? 今天早上你几点起床的？ They got on the bus and went to Shanghai.他们上了公交车，去了上海。 2 deal with 处理；处置；应付 deal with 处理；处置；应付。 how... deal with = what... do with... 如何处理/ 处置/应付…… 例：When I have a problem, I ask my parents to help me deal with it.当我有问题时，我会请父母帮我处理它。 How did you deal with the old books? = What did you do with the old books? 你怎么处理的这些旧书？ Part3 核心句式 1 That's why learning to be cybersafe is so important! 这就是为什么学习网络安全如此重要！ (1)分析结构: 这是一个主从复合句。主句是That's，从句是why引导的表语从句。主句中主语是That，谓语是is；从句中主语是learning to be cybersafe，谓语是is，so important作表语，说明主语的性质或状态。 (2)“That's why + 动名词短语+ is + 形容词”的结构，强调某个行为的原因。 例：That's why studying hard is so important for your future! 这就是为什么努力学习对你的未来如此重要！ That's why eating vegetables is so good for you!这就是为什么吃蔬菜对你如此有益！ 2 Is it meant to inform you, or simply get a quick reaction? be meant to do 被打算用来做 3 Everything you post or send online could be taken and used against your will. 长难句分析：这是一个复合句。主语是Everything，谓语是and 连接的两个并列的被动语态could be taken and used。you post or send online 是省略that 的定语从句，against your will 是介词短语作状语。 Part4 单元语法 过去进行时 过去进行时表示“过去某个特定的时间点或时间段内正在进行的动作”。 考点1 ：过去进行时的构成是“was/were + v. -ing”，具体句型结构如下： 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+ was/were + v. -ing + 其他. He was reading a storybook at 9 last night. 昨晚 9 点，他正在读一本故事书。 否定句 主语+ was/were + not + v. -ing +其他. She wasn’t watching TV at 8 last night. She was studying.昨晚8 点，她没在看电视。她在学习。 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语+ v. -ing + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语+ wasn’t/weren’t. —Were they playing basketball on the playground just now? 刚才他们正在操场上打篮球吗？ —Yes, they were./No, they weren’t.是的，他们在打。/ 不，他们没在打。 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+was/were + 主语+v. -ing + 其他? What was he doing at 8 o’clock last night? 昨晚8 点他正在做什么？ 考点2 过去进行时的用法 1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作，时间状语一般是表示过去的某一时间点。如at 8 last night, just then, at this/that time yesterday 等。 例：I was washing the dishes at 7 o’clock last night. 昨晚七点我正在洗碗。 2.表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作。 例：They were watching a movie from 6:00 to 8:00 yesterday evening.昨天晚上6 点到8 点，他们一直在看电影。 例：While I was walking, it rained suddenly. 我正在走路时，突然下雨了。 3.表示两个过去的动作同时进行，这时可用while 连接。 例：George was reading while his wife was listening to the radio.乔治在读书，而他的妻子在听广播。 4.表达褒贬等感情色彩：过去进行时可以和always、constantly、forever 等连用，表示说话人的主观感情，如赞扬、不满、厌烦等。 例：He was forever complaining about something. 他老是怨这怨那。 特别提醒: 过去进行时中when 和while 的区别 when 强调“某个短暂动作(一般过去时) 发生时，另一个动作(过去进行时) 正在进行”。 e.g. I was doing my homework when my dad came back. 我爸爸回来时，我正在做作业。 while ① 强调“两个延续性动作同时进行”(主从句均用过去进行时) 。 ② 强调“在某个延续性动作(过去进行时) 期间，发生了一个短暂动作(一般过去时) ”。 e.g. My mom was cooking in the kitchen while my dad was reading newspapers. 我妈妈在厨房做饭时，我爸爸正在看报纸。 e.g. While we were playing soccer, it started to rain. 我们踢足球的时候，天开始下雨了。 Part4 单元写作 【写作维度】 本单元的写作项目是“安全”，相关内容包括下面几个方面：(1) 校园安全(2) 家庭安全(3) 公共安全(4) 个人安全(5) 网络安全等。 【写作支架/模板】 写“安全”相关的文章 开篇点题：安全的重要性 具体介绍如何做，才能保证安全 表达自己的想法或感受 【好句积累】 一、开头段 ①As teenagers, it’s very important for us to keep safe. ②I’d like to give you some advice to keep off the danger. ③Safety is one of the most important things in our lives. 二、中间段 ①If we are in danger on the way, we should ask the police for help in time. ②When we are surfing on the internet at home, we should be careful to make friends online to keep ourselves safe. ③When we are on the way to school from home, we should follow the traffic lights and rules to avoid the traffic accidents. ④If you are not good at swimming, you’d better not jump into the river to save others. ⑤You shouldn’t go swimming alone in a strange place, because it may be dangerous. ⑥We’d better pay attention to the traffic lights on our way to school. ⑦Stay calm when you are in face of danger. 三、结尾段 ① In short/All in all, safety must come first. ② Last but not least, once you are in danger, you should ask for help. ③ In my opinion, we should try our best to protect ourselves well. 【经典例题】 安全对于我们每个人都很重要。为进一步增强学生的安全意识，提高学生的自我保护能力,你校正在开展以“How to Keep Safe in Our Life”为主题的英语演讲比赛，现面向同学们征稿。请根据以下提示内容，写一份英文演讲稿。 要点： 1. 校园安全：不在走廊奔跑，不打架…… 2. 交通安全：遵守交通规则，骑自行车时不听音乐…… 3. 食品安全：吃健康食品，不吃垃圾食品…… 4. 其他……(至少补充一点) 。 注意：1. 演讲稿必须包括所有要点，可以适当发挥，使其连贯、通顺；2. 文中不得出现真实人名、校名和地名等相关信息；3. 词数80词左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数) 。 精彩范文展示 Dear teachers and students, Today, I’m glad to give a speech about how to keep safe in our life. As we know, safety is the most important thing in our life. First, when we are at school, we shouldn’t run in the hallways and mustn’t fight with others. We should walk slowly on the right side instead of rushing when we go up and down the stairs. Second, on our way home, we should follow the traffic rules. Don’t cross the street when the traffic light is red. When we ride a bike, we mustn’t listen to music or just use one hand. Third, be sure to eat healthy food and keep away from junk food. Last but not least, don’t swim in the river. It’s very dangerous. In a word, safety must come first. Please remember these safety tips. That’s why keeping safe is important. That’s all. Thank you. 【实战演练】 假定英语课上你们进行了关于“如何建设平安校园”的讨论，以下是部分讨论结果。请你从中选取两种，再补充一种你自己的观点，写一篇短文向你的校报编辑推荐这三种方式。 Ways of building the safe campus ☆Don’t bring dangerous things to school ☆Be friendly to other students ☆Pay attention to the traffic lights ... 要求： 1. 短文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名； 2. 词数80个左右。(开头已给出，不计入总词数) 。 Safety is one of the most important things in our lives. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案 范文参考 Safety is one of the most important things in our lives. We should try our best to make sure we are safe. Here are some suggestions to keep us away from danger. First, we mustn’t bring dangerous things to school because they may cause serious problems. Second, we had better pay attention to the traffic lights on our way to school. Last but not least, if we meet some emergencies, we are supposed to call the police or our teachers for help. In a word, following safety rules above can make us live in peace. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $