Unit 2 Safety Lesson 4 知识清单 2025-2026学年冀教版英语八年级下册

Unit 2 Safety Lesson 4知识清单 Part1核心单词 1 accident /' ks d nt/ n. 事故;意外 accident 作可数名词,意为“事故;意外”。 常见搭配:(1) a car/traffic accident 车祸/ 交通事故 (2) by accident 偶然地,相当于by chance。 (3) has/have an accident 发生意外;出事故 例:He was hurt in a car accident. 他在一场车祸中受了伤。 I met my old friend at the supermarket by accident.我偶然在超市遇到了我的老朋友。 She had an accident while riding her bike yesterday.她昨天骑自行车时出了点意外。 2 shock / k/ n. 震惊;休克;剧烈震动 v. 使震惊;使气愤 shock 可作名词,意为“震惊;休克;剧烈震动”。 shock 作动词,意为“使震惊;使气愤”。 in shock 处于震惊中 相关词形:(1) shocking adj. 令人震惊的(修饰事物) (2) shocked adj. 感到震惊的(修饰人) 例:The news came as a shock to everyone.这个消息让所有人感到震惊。 He went into shock after the accident. 事故发生后他休克了。 The shock of the earthquake made the building shake, and people were in shock. 地震的震动使建筑物摇晃,人们都惊呆了。 3 shoulder /' ld (r) / n. 肩, 肩膀 shoulder 的一词多义: (1) n. 肩,肩膀。常见用法:on one’s shoulders 在某人肩上; shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地;齐心协力;tap sb. on the shoulder 轻拍某人的肩膀 (2) v. 肩负;承担(责任、重担等) 。常见用法:shoulder the blame 承担过失;shoulder the responsibility 承担责任 例:The little girl sat on her father’s shoulders.小女孩坐在她爸爸的肩膀上。 We fought shoulder to shoulder to finish the project.我们齐心协力去完成这个项目。 He was brave enough to shoulder the blame for the mistake. 他很勇敢,为这个错误承担了责任。 4 wound /wu nd/ n. 创伤,伤口 v. 使受伤 wound 作名词,意为“创伤,伤口”。 wound 作动词,意为“使受伤”。 相关短语:clean the wound 清理伤口 recover from the wound 从伤口中恢复 wounded adj. 受伤的 例:You should clean the wound before putting on a bandage. 在缠上绷带之前,你应该清理伤口。 It took him several months to recover from the wound.他花了好几个月时间才从这次受伤中恢复过来。 Tom’s harsh words wounded his friends’ feelings.汤姆尖刻的话语伤害了朋友们的感情。 She gently cleaned the wounded area with a soft cloth.她用软布轻轻擦拭受伤部位。 5 return /r 't n/ v. 返回;放回;恢复 n. 返回;回报 return 作动词,意为“返回;放回;恢复”。 (1) return = give back 放回;归还 (2) return = come back 返回;回来 return 作名词,意为“返回;回报”。常用搭配: (1) in return 作为回报 (2) the return of 重现;恢复 例:The birds return to the south in winter. = The birds come back to the south in winter.鸟儿冬天返回南方。 Please return the books to the book shelves in the library. = Please give the books back to the book shelves in the library. 请把书放回到图书馆的书架上。 After a good rest, he returned to normal.好好休息后,他恢复了正常。 We are looking forward to the return of spring.我们期待着春天的回归。 The boy’s kindness was a return for her help.男孩的善良举动是对她帮助的报答。 She always helps others, not asking for anything in return. 她总帮助别人,不求任何回报。 6 bathroom /'b ru m/ n. 浴室;卫生间 bathroom 作名词,意为“浴室;卫生间”。 go to the bathroom 去洗手间(上厕所) 例:She decorated the bathroom with nice towels and plants. 她用漂亮的毛巾和植物装饰了浴室。 She went to the bathroom and washed her hands.她去洗手间洗了手。 7 certain /'s tn/ adj. 某事,某人;肯定的 pron. 某些,一些,若干 certain 的一词多义: (1) adj. 确定的;肯定的。常见用法:It is certain + (that) 从句 ……是肯定的;(be) certain to do sth. 一定会做某事 (2) adj. 确信的;有把握的。常见用法:(be) certain about/of sth. 对某事有把握;(be) certain+(that) /wh- 从句确信…… (3) pron. 某些;若干 相关词形:certainly adv. 必然;肯定;当然;没问题 例:It is certain that we will have a test next week.下周我们会有一场考试,这是肯定的。 Spring is certain to come after winter.冬天过后一定会迎来春天。 Lisa is certain about the answer to this question.莉萨对这个问题的答案很有把握。 8 boil /b l/ v. 煮沸, 烧开 boil 的一词多义:(1) v.(液体) 沸腾;煮沸(液体) ;煮(食物) 。 (2) n. 沸腾;沸点。 相关词形:(1) boiling adj. 极热的 (2) boiled adj. 煮沸的;煮熟的(常修饰食物) 例:When the soup boils, we can add some vegetables.汤沸腾的时候,我们可以加些蔬菜。 My mom is boiling eggs for breakfast. 我的妈妈正在煮鸡蛋当早餐。 Bring the soup to the boil, then allow it to simmer for five minutes. 把汤煮开,然后文火煮五分钟。 It’s boiling outside. Let’s stay indoors. 外面太热了。我们待在屋里吧。 I prefer boiled potatoes to fried ones. 比起炸土豆,我更喜欢煮土豆。 9 smoke /sm k/ n. 烟;吸烟 v. 吸(烟) ;冒烟 smoke 的一词多义: (1) n. 烟;香烟;抽烟 (2) v. 吸(烟) ;冒烟 相关词形:smoker n. 吸烟者 例:The factory's smoke is bad for the air. 工厂的烟对空气有害。 My mom told me never to smoke. 我妈妈告诉我绝不能吸烟。 His grandfather smokes one cigarette after dinner every day. 他爷爷每天晚饭后抽一支烟。 Look! The old truck is smoking under the hood.看!那辆旧卡车的引擎盖下面在冒烟。 10 electric / 'lektr k/ adj. 电的;用电的 electric adj. 电的;用电的;电动的;发电的。 相关词形:electricity n. 电;电力 辨析:electric 与electrical 词形 含义 例词 electric 强调“直接用电工作的”,搭配具体物品 an electric car 电动汽车、an electric guitar电吉他 electrical 强调“与电相关的、电气的”,搭配抽象概念或系统 electrical engineering 电气工程、electrical problems 电路问题 例:He uses an electric toothbrush to clean his teeth.他用电动牙刷刷牙。 We can't live without electricity today.现在我们的生活离不开电。 11 danger /'de nd (r) / n. 危险;风险 danger 作名词,意为“危险;风险”。 in danger 处于危险中 out of danger 脱离危险 形容词dangerous,意为“危险的”。 例:He didn't realise the danger until it was too late.他直到为时已晚才意识到危险。 The animal is in danger and needs our protection.这个动物处于危险中,需要我们的保护。 The patient is out of danger now. 病人现在已经脱离危险。 Climbing such tall trees is dangerous. 爬如此高的树很危险。 Part2 核心短语 1 be careful with... 小心……;当心…… be careful with/of... 意为“小心……;当心……”,后接名词或代词。 be careful about... 意为“注意;慎重”,后接名词或代词。 be careful to do sth. 意为“仔细做某事”。 例:She told her brother to be careful with hot water.她告诉弟弟小心热水。 Be careful of the broken glass on the ground. 小心地上的碎玻璃。 She always reminds me to be careful about what I eat.她总是提醒我注意饮食。 He is careful to check his homework for mistakes.他很小心地检查作业中的错误。 2 turn off 关闭 turn off 意为“关掉”,反义短语为turn on,意为“打开”。turn 的常用短语还有: (1) turn up 调大(声音) ,反义短语 turn down 调小(声音) 。turn down 还表示“拒绝”。 (2) turn left 向左转 (3) turn right 向右转 例:My mom asked me to turn off the computer after I finished my report. 做完报告后,我妈妈让我关掉电脑。 Turn on the light, please. 请开灯。 The music is too low. Can you turn up the radio a bit?音乐声音太小了,你能把收音机音量调高一点吗? Could you turn down the volume of the TV? It's a bit loud. 你能把电视音量调低一点吗?有点吵。 3 in a hurry 匆忙地 in a hurry 意为“匆忙地”,用于描述某人因为时间不足而急忙做某事,通常带有急切或仓促的语气。介词短语in a hurry 修饰行为动词时,可以与副词hurriedly 互换。 例:He left in a hurry without saying goodbye. = He left hurriedly without saying goodbye.他匆匆离开了,没说再见。 Part3 核心句式 1 It's easy to slip and fall on a wet floor. 在潮湿的地板上很容易滑倒。 (1)分析结构: 这是一个简单句。It 作形式主语,谓语是is,形容词easy 作表语,动词不定式to slip and fall on a wet floor 作真正的主语,表示具体的行为。其中on a wet floor 作地点状语。 (2)It's + 形容词+ to do sth. 意为“做某事是……的”,其中It 作形式主语,代替后面的动词不定式to do sth.,形容词用来描述一个动作或行为的性质。 例:It's nice to meet new friends at school.在学校认识新朋友是很好的。 It's fun to play games with friends on weekends.周末和朋友玩游戏很有趣。 2 She and her brother, James, were on their way to an early basketball practice. 长难句分析:这是一个简单句。主语为She and her brother, James,其中She and her brother 是核心主语,James 作为同位 语;谓语是were;an early basketball practice 是to 的宾语。 3 We didn’t want to be late for practice. be late for迟到 4 On the way to school on the way to +名词,在去……的路上 5 Never leave small children alone in a bathtub. leave sb. alone让某人独处 6 It's easy to slip and fall on a wet floor. slip 滑倒 slide 滑动 7 In case of a gas leak, do not use a cell phone or any electric item. In case of + 名词短语,放句首,在句中作条件状语。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $