Unit 6 课时6 Section B Vocabulary in Use（大单元分层作业）英语新教材人教版八年级下册

Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 课时6 Section B (Vocabulary in Use) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 unsafe /ʌnˈseɪf/ adj. 不安全的；危险的 improper /ɪmˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 不合适的 jeans /dʒiːnz/ n. 牛仔裤 marry /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚；娶；嫁 congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃəleɪt/ v. 祝贺 tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统 firstly /ˈfɜːstli/ adv. 第一；首先 secondly /ˈˈsekəndli/ adv. 第二；其次 thirdly /ˈθɜːdli/ adv. 第三 correctly /kəˈrektli/ adv. 正确地；得体地 Asian /ˈeɪʃn/ adj. 亚洲的；n. 亚洲人 correct adj. 正确的 句型 1. It is impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food. 把筷子插入食物里是不礼貌的。 2. You should avoid pointing at others with your chopsticks.你应该避免用筷子指着别人。 3. It is important to keep your voice down in public.在公共场合压低声音是很重要的。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________ /ʌnˈseɪf/ adj. 不安全的；危险的 2.___________ /ɪmˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 不合适的 3.___________ /ɪnˈfɔːml/ adj. 非正式的 4.___________ /dʒiːnz/ n. 牛仔裤 5.___________ /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚；娶；嫁 6.___________ /kənˈɡrætʃəleɪt/ v. 祝贺 7___________ /ˈeɪʃn/ adj. 亚洲的；n. 亚洲人 8.___________ /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统 9.___________ /ˈfɜːstli/ adv. 第一；首先 10.___________ /ˈsekəndli/ adv. 第二；其次 11.___________ /ˈθɜːdli/ adv. 第三 12.___________ /kəˈrektli/ adv. 正确地；得体地 1. unsafe 2. improper 3. informal 4. jeans 5. marry 6. congratulate 7. Asian 8. tradition 9. firstly 10. secondly 11. thirdly 12. correctly 二、词组默写。 1. ___________ 指出；指向 2. ___________ 起初；一开始 3. ___________ 把……插入…… 4. ___________ 靠近；拉到跟前 5. ___________ 公开场合；当众 6. ___________ 不断尝试；坚持尝试 7. ___________ 大量练习；充分练习 8. ___________ 学会；掌握（技能） 1. point at 2. at first 3. stick…into… 4. pull…close to… 5. in public 6. keep trying 7. plenty of practice 8. learn to use…well 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 在许多亚洲国家，人们用筷子吃饭是很正常的。 In many Asian countries, it is ______ for people to eat with chopsticks. 2. 用筷子时，有很多关于如何正确使用筷子的规则和传统。 There are many rules and traditions about how to use chopsticks ______. 3. 把筷子插在食物里是一种非常不好的礼仪。 It is very bad ______ to stick your chopsticks into food. 4. 用筷子指着别人或说话时挥舞筷子是不礼貌的。 Don’t point at others with your chopsticks or wave them about when you talk — it is ______. 5. 用筷子看起来容易，但实际上可能有点挑战。 Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little ______. 6. 关键是要不断尝试，多加练习。 The key thing is to ______ ______. With plenty of practice, you’ll learn it well. 1. normal 2. properly 3. manner 4. impolite 5. challenging 6. keep trying 四 、根据汉语提示或括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1．It is _________(safe) to cross the street when the light is red. 【答案】unsafe 【详解】句意：红灯时过马路是不安全的。根据“cross the street when the light is red”以及生活常识可知，应填safe的反义词形式unsafe，表示“不安全的；危险的”。 2．I’m on your side, because I think you've made the c________ (正确的) decision. 【答案】correct 【详解】句意：我站在你这边，因为我认为你做了正确的决定。结合首字母 “c” 以及汉语提示 “正确的” ，此处是“correct” ，形容词，修饰名词 “decision” ，符合 “描述决定性质” 的语境。故填correct。 3．He wants to ________ (结婚) in a traditional Chinese ceremony at a beautiful ancient temple. 【答案】marry 【详解】句意：他想在一座美丽的古寺里，以中国传统仪式结婚。固定搭配want to do sth.中to后接动词原形，结合中文“结婚”的提示，填marry，符合句子表意和语法要求。 4．We should ________ (祝贺) Tom on winning the English competition. 【答案】congratulate 【详解】句意：我们应该祝贺汤姆赢得了英语竞赛。祝贺“congratulate”，动词；should后跟动词原形。 5．She is carrying on the family ________ (传统) by becoming a doctor, just like her parents. 【答案】tradition 【详解】句意：她像父母一样成为了一名医生，以此延续家族的传统。“传统”对应的英文单词是“tradition”，此处指家族的特定传统，用名词单数形式符合语境，故填tradition。 6．________ (first), I’d like to thank everyone for coming to this important meeting. 【答案】Firstly 【详解】句意：首先，我要感谢大家来参加这个重要的会议。根据空格后逗号及句意，此处应填副词作状语，修饰整个句子。“first”的副词形式是firstly“首先”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Firstly。 7．You should follow the teacher’s instructions to do the experiment ________ (correct). 【答案】correctly 【详解】句意：你应该遵循老师的指导正确地做实验。空格在句中位于动词短语“do the experiment”之后，充当状语成分，需填入副词修饰动词。correct是形容词，其对应的副词形式为correctly“正确地”。 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 unsafe marry correct congratulate improper firstly When you attend a party in a foreign country, it’s important to follow local customs. 1. ______, you should dress properly. Wearing casual clothes to a formal party is considered2. ______. If you want to 3. ______ a friend on their new job or when they 4. ______, make sure you use the right words. Also, don’t walk alone late at night — it can be 5. ______. Finally, remember to use table manners 6. ______ and be polite to everyone. 1. Firstly 2. improper 3. congratulate 4. marry 5. unsafe 6. correctly 六、阅读还原。 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 Being polite is an important social skill. It can help you make friends, succeed professionally and show respect. Greet people politely. You can be polite by offering a proper greeting. 1 . It shows that you are in good spirits and are happy to see him. Also, shake hands to show respect. Make small talks. Instead of jumping right into business. 2 . Talk about their lunch, their kids or their day. Listen carefully and pay attention to what they are saying to you. Show them you’re interested by asking questions. Congratulate other people on their successes. 3 . If you meet a friend in the store who has recently graduated, gotten married, or gotten a new job, congratulate him. 4 . Some topics can make people uncomfortable. You might hurt other people’s feelings if you talk about them. Try to keep your conversation in the pleasant areas. Make eye contact (接触). When in conversation with someone, look them in the eye when you’re speaking. Keeping eye contact shows that you are paying attention. However, don’t stare at people. 5 . A．Recognize (意识到) uncomfortable topics B．You can make small talks first C．When others do well, offer them your praise D．When first meeting or greeting someone, give him a warm smile E．Break eye contact sometimes to avoid staring 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文介绍了礼貌待人的社交方式。 1．根据“Greet people politely. You can be polite by offering a proper greeting.”可知，本段讨论礼貌问候的方式，选项D “当首次见面或问候某人时，给予温暖的微笑”符合语境。故选D。 2．根据“Make small talks. Instead of jumping right into business”可知，此处强调先闲聊而非直接谈正事，选项B“你可以先进行一些小聊天”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据“Congratulate other people on their successes”可知，本段围绕祝贺他人成功展开，选项C“当别人做得好时，给予赞扬”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据“Some topics can make people uncomfortable ... Try to keep your conversation in the pleasant areas”可知，本段提醒避免令人不适的话题，选项A“意识到令人不适的话题”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“Make eye contact ... However, don’t stare at people”可知，此处需补充避免凝视的方法，选项E“偶尔中断眼神接触以避免凝视”符合语境。故选E。 七、阅读理解。 In the modern society (社会) , it is common to see people wearing ties and hats. But at one time, wearing ties and hats was the symbol of social position (社会地位) in England. Not all people wore them. A farmer or a common worker never wore ties or hats. Only those who used their brains (大脑) to make a living wore ties and hats. Wearing ties and hats showed you were a professional (专业人员) and full of knowledge. At the same time, it showed you had a high social position. If a man wanted to find a job, he had to wear them. It was hard for a man to find a job if he didn’t wear a tie or a hat. Until 1960s, it was common for men across the western world to wear hats and ties as part of their business uniforms. But things changed later. President Kennedy (肯尼迪总统) never wore a hat and he didn’t like a tie, either. People seldom saw him wearing them. Seeing that the president didn’t have them, millions of other men imitated him. They also took off ties and hats. Nowadays, people still wear ties and hats. But they are only decorations. Anyone can wear them if he or she likes. What will they be like in the future? No one can guess. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does the word “them” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指的是) ? A．ties B．hats C．ties and hats D．rich people 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned? A．In England, farmers and common workers never wore ties or hats at one time. B．Nowadays, anyone can wear ties and hats if he or she likes. C．Wearing ties and hats showed your social position at one time in England. D．President Kennedy liked wearing jeans very much. 3．The last paragraph is written to__________. A．tell us a story B．introduce a new topic C．show the change of ties and hats D．give us some advice 4．What’s the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1  ②=Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The culture of ties and hats B．The styles of ties and hats C．President Kennedy’s hobbies D．Common workers’ life in England 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了戴帽子和打领带在过去某一时期是社会地位的象征，后来这种情况渐渐发生了变化。 1．细节理解题。根据上文“wearing ties and hats was the symbol of social position (社会地位) in England”可以推断，此处的“them”代指“ties and hats”，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“President Kennedy (肯尼迪总统) never wore a hat and he didn’t like a tie, either.”可知，没有提及肯尼迪总统喜欢穿牛仔裤，故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“Nowadays, people still wear ties and hats. But they are only decorations. Anyone can wear them if he or she likes. What will they be like in the future? No one can guess.”可知现在人们戴帽子打领带是个人喜好，这和以前戴帽子打领带的目的不同，所以本段目的是为了展示领带和帽子的变化，故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段总述现代社会，戴帽子和打领带很常见，但是过去一段时期，这是社会地位的象征。第二段描述过去什么人群戴帽子、打领带，第三段描述20世纪60年代之后情况开始转变，因此第二段和第三段都属于过去一段时间关于戴帽子和打领带的描述。第四段描述现在，戴帽子和打领带出于个人喜好。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章描述戴帽子和打领带，从过去作为社会地位的象征，到现在只是个人喜好的转变，因此文章讲了戴帽子和打领带的相关文化习俗，故选A。 八、完形填空。 Hi, everyone! Today I am talking about table manners. Table manners are all the 1 we should follow when we are eating with other people. My parents told me not to put too much food in my mouth, 2 they told me not to put the knife in my mouth or lick it. This is about safety as well as manners. I hate it when people talk with food in their mouths. There is one thing I hate even more. It’s when people 3 about the food they are eating while they are still eating it. The next important rule is that if you don’t eat something, then you need to tell the host. Don’t wait until you arrive, or everyone might have an 4 time. If you forget to tell the host beforehand, then you need to eat what you are given. It’s okay if you do not want tea, coffee or another drink that is 5 . But don’t turn your cup over or put your hand over the top. Just tell whoever is serving that you do not want it. An important rule is that if you cannot 6 something, you should ask for it. So we often have to pass food and plates around. They should be passed around the table to the right. If you are passed something that you do not want, then you should 7 passing it on. Don’t just put it down. Plates should be taken away only when 8 at the table has finished eating. You should put your knife and fork together pointing up from the bottom of the plate. Then everyone knows you have finished. Take care not to leave a meal too early. That looks as if you only came for the meal and not the 9 . One thing that happens all too often is that people forget to say “thank you”. Make sure you 10 your host when you leave. Also send a text or an email after the meal. A handwritten thank-you note will show you really have manners! 1．A．laws B．rules C．senses D．messages 2．A．and B．but C．or D．so 3．A．talk B．care C．agree D．complain 4．A．unusual B．excellent C．enjoyable D．uncomfortable 5．A．offered B．needed C．limited D．finished 6．A．avoid B．reach C．afford D．choose 7．A．keep B．risk C．stop D．remember 8．A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one 9．A．food B．drink C．event D．culture 10．A．treat B．thank C．greet D．invite 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些餐桌礼仪。 1．句意：餐桌礼仪是我们和别人一起吃饭时应该遵守的所有规则。 laws法律；rules规则；senses感觉；messages信息。根据“we should follow when we are eating with other people”可知，餐桌礼仪是我们和别人一起吃饭时应该遵守的所有规则。故选B。 2．句意：我的父母告诉我不要把太多的食物放在嘴里，并且他们告诉我不要把刀放在嘴里或舔它。 and并且；but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“My parents told me not to put too much food in my mouth...they told me not to put the knife in my mouth or lick it”可知，空格前后为并列关系，故应用and。故选A。 3．句意：就是人们一边吃一边抱怨他们正在吃的食物。 talk谈论；care在意；agree同意；complain抱怨。根据“There is one thing I hate even more. It’s when people...about the food they are eating while they are still eating it.”可知，我非常讨厌人们一边抱怨他们吃的食物，一边仍然在吃它。故选D。 4．句意：不要等到你到达后，否则每个人都可能会有一段不舒服的时光。 unusual不同寻常的；excellent极好的；enjoyable享受的；uncomfortable不舒服的。根据“Don’t wait until you arrive”可知，如果到了才说自己不吃某些食物，这可能会让大家感到不舒服。故选D。 5．句意：如果你不想喝提供的茶、咖啡或其他饮料，也没关系。 offered提供；needed需要；limited限制；finished完成。根据“It’s okay if you do not want tea, coffee or another drink that is”可知，这些饮料应该是被提供的。故选A。 6．句意：一个重要的规则是，如果你够不到某个东西，你应该提出请求。 avoid避免；reach能够到；afford负担得起；choose选择。根据“you should ask for it”可知，如果够不到某个东西，要提出请求。故选B。 7．句意：如果你被传递了一些你不想要的东西，那么你应该继续传递下去。 keep保持；risk冒险；stop停止；remember记住。根据“Don’t just put it down”可知，是要继续传下去。故选A。 8．句意：盘子只有在餐桌上的每个人都吃完后才能收走。 someone某人；anyone任何人；everyone每人，所有人；no one没有人。根据“Plates should be taken away only when...at the table has finished eating.”可知，所有人都吃完后才能收走盘子。故选C。 9．句意：看起来你只是来吃饭而不是来参加活动的 food食物；drink饮料；event活动；culture文化。根据“Take care not to leave a meal too early. That looks as if you only came for the meal and not the”可知，用餐时注意不要太早离开。这看起来你只是来吃饭而不是来参加活动的。故选C。 10．句意：离开的时候一定要感谢主人。 treat招待；thank感谢；greet打招呼；invite邀请。根据“One thing that happens all too often is that people forget to say ‘thank you’”可知，离开时要感谢主人。故选B。 九、任务型阅读。 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Everyone loves gifts! But each country has different customs (习俗). As a European (欧洲人) living in China, I’ve seen some interesting differences from home. For example, in China, people often give fruits and milk. In Europe, people give them only when they visit sick people in the hospital. Many Europeans open their gifts right away, although not in places like Germany. It’s also important to take off the price tag (标签) before giving the gift. What if (如果……怎么办) you don’t like your gift? In Spain, you still need to say you love the gift so you don’t hurt the other person’s feelings. But if they remember to leave the receipt (收据) inside the gift, you can just change it for something else. How the gift looks is also important. However, by using wrapping paper (包装纸) for every gift we buy, we make a lot of waste. Now, many are choosing newspaper or maps as wrappings paper because these can help the environment. Do Europeans give money as gifts? Yes. Polish couples, for example, often request cash (现金) at weddings (婚礼) to pay for the cost of the venue (场地) and meals. Finally, remember: Whatever gifts you give, it’s not important. The thought (想法、心意) is important, not the size or the price of the gift. 1．When do Europeans usually give fruits and milk as gifts? 2．Do people in Germany open their gifts right away? 3．Why do some people use newspapers or maps as wrapping paper now? 4．What do Polish couples use the money from their weddings for? 5．What gifts will you give to others? Why? 【答案】1．When they visit sick people in the hospital. 2．No. 3．To help the environment. 4．To pay for the venue and meals. 5．I will give books. Because they can help others learn knowledge. 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同国家的送礼习俗。 1．根据“For example, in China, people often give fruits and milk. In Europe, people give them only when they visit sick people in the hospital.”可知，在欧洲，人们只有在探望住院病人时会送水果和牛奶。故填When they visit sick people in the hospital. 2．根据“Many Europeans open their gifts right away, although not in places like Germany.”可知，德国人不会马上打开礼物，故填No. 3．根据“Now, many are choosing newspaper or maps as wrappings paper because these can help the environment.”可知，如今，许多人开始选择报纸或地图作为包装材料，因为这些材料对环境更有益。故填To help the environment. 4．根据“Polish couples, for example, often request cash (现金) at weddings (婚礼) to pay for the cost of the venue (场地) and meals.”可知，波兰的夫妻在婚礼上常常会要求收取现金，以支付场地费用和餐饮费用。故填To pay for the venue and meals. 5．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：I will give books. Because they can help others learn knowledge. $Unit 6 Crossing Cultures 课时6 Section B (Vocabulary in Use) 分层作业 核心知识速记 01基础达标 02能力提升 03拓展培优 04思维进阶 ( 词汇 unsafe /ʌnˈseɪf/ adj. 不安全的；危险的 improper /ɪmˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 不合适的 jeans /dʒiːnz/ n. 牛仔裤 marry /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚；娶；嫁 congratulate /kənˈɡrætʃəleɪt/ v. 祝贺 tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统 firstly /ˈfɜːstli/ adv. 第一；首先 secondly /ˈˈsekəndli/ adv. 第二；其次 thirdly /ˈθɜːdli/ adv. 第三 correctly /kəˈrektli/ adv. 正确地；得体地 Asian /ˈeɪʃn/ adj. 亚洲的；n. 亚洲人 correct adj. 正确的 句型 1. It is impolite to stick your chopsticks into your food. 把筷子插入食物里是不礼貌的。 2. You should avoid pointing at others with your chopsticks.你应该避免用筷子指着别人。 3. It is important to keep your voice down in public.在公共场合压低声音是很重要的。 ) 一、单词默写。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.___________ /ʌnˈseɪf/ adj. 不安全的；危险的 2.___________ /ɪmˈprɒpə(r)/ adj. 不合适的 3.___________ /ɪnˈfɔːml/ adj. 非正式的 4.___________ /dʒiːnz/ n. 牛仔裤 5.___________ /ˈmæri/ v. 结婚；娶；嫁 6.___________ /kənˈɡrætʃəleɪt/ v. 祝贺 7___________ /ˈeɪʃn/ adj. 亚洲的；n. 亚洲人 8.___________ /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统 9.___________ /ˈfɜːstli/ adv. 第一；首先 10.___________ /ˈsekəndli/ adv. 第二；其次 11.___________ /ˈθɜːdli/ adv. 第三 12.___________ /kəˈrektli/ adv. 正确地；得体地 二、词组默写。 1. ___________ 指出；指向 2. ___________ 起初；一开始 3. ___________ 把……插入…… 4. ___________ 靠近；拉到跟前 5. ___________ 公开场合；当众 6. ___________ 不断尝试；坚持尝试 7. ___________ 大量练习；充分练习 8. ___________ 学会；掌握（技能） 三、根据要求完成句子 1. 在许多亚洲国家，人们用筷子吃饭是很正常的。 In many Asian countries, it is ______ for people to eat with chopsticks. 2. 用筷子时，有很多关于如何正确使用筷子的规则和传统。 There are many rules and traditions about how to use chopsticks ______. 3. 把筷子插在食物里是一种非常不好的礼仪。 It is very bad ______ to stick your chopsticks into food. 4. 用筷子指着别人或说话时挥舞筷子是不礼貌的。 Don’t point at others with your chopsticks or wave them about when you talk — it is ______. 5. 用筷子看起来容易，但实际上可能有点挑战。 Using chopsticks looks easy, but it can actually be a little ______. 6. 关键是要不断尝试，多加练习。 The key thing is to ______ ______. With plenty of practice, you’ll learn it well. 四 、根据汉语提示或括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1．It is _________(safe) to cross the street when the light is red. 2．I’m on your side, because I think you've made the c________ (正确的) decision. 3．He wants to ________ (结婚) in a traditional Chinese ceremony at a beautiful ancient temple. 4．We should ________ (祝贺) Tom on winning the English competition. 5．She is carrying on the family ________ (传统) by becoming a doctor, just like her parents. 6．________ (first), I’d like to thank everyone for coming to this important meeting. 7．You should follow the teacher’s instructions to do the experiment ________ (correct). 五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词或短语并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。 unsafe marry correct congratulate improper firstly When you attend a party in a foreign country, it’s important to follow local customs. 1. ______, you should dress properly. Wearing casual clothes to a formal party is considered2. ______. If you want to 3. ______ a friend on their new job or when they 4. ______, make sure you use the right words. Also, don’t walk alone late at night — it can be 5. ______. Finally, remember to use table manners 6. ______ and be polite to everyone. 六、阅读还原。 根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。 Being polite is an important social skill. It can help you make friends, succeed professionally and show respect. Greet people politely. You can be polite by offering a proper greeting. 1 . It shows that you are in good spirits and are happy to see him. Also, shake hands to show respect. Make small talks. Instead of jumping right into business. 2 . Talk about their lunch, their kids or their day. Listen carefully and pay attention to what they are saying to you. Show them you’re interested by asking questions. Congratulate other people on their successes. 3 . If you meet a friend in the store who has recently graduated, gotten married, or gotten a new job, congratulate him. 4 . Some topics can make people uncomfortable. You might hurt other people’s feelings if you talk about them. Try to keep your conversation in the pleasant areas. Make eye contact (接触). When in conversation with someone, look them in the eye when you’re speaking. Keeping eye contact shows that you are paying attention. However, don’t stare at people. 5 . A．Recognize (意识到) uncomfortable topics B．You can make small talks first C．When others do well, offer them your praise D．When first meeting or greeting someone, give him a warm smile E．Break eye contact sometimes to avoid staring 七、阅读理解。 In the modern society (社会) , it is common to see people wearing ties and hats. But at one time, wearing ties and hats was the symbol of social position (社会地位) in England. Not all people wore them. A farmer or a common worker never wore ties or hats. Only those who used their brains (大脑) to make a living wore ties and hats. Wearing ties and hats showed you were a professional (专业人员) and full of knowledge. At the same time, it showed you had a high social position. If a man wanted to find a job, he had to wear them. It was hard for a man to find a job if he didn’t wear a tie or a hat. Until 1960s, it was common for men across the western world to wear hats and ties as part of their business uniforms. But things changed later. President Kennedy (肯尼迪总统) never wore a hat and he didn’t like a tie, either. People seldom saw him wearing them. Seeing that the president didn’t have them, millions of other men imitated him. They also took off ties and hats. Nowadays, people still wear ties and hats. But they are only decorations. Anyone can wear them if he or she likes. What will they be like in the future? No one can guess. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does the word “them” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指的是) ? A．ties B．hats C．ties and hats D．rich people 2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned? A．In England, farmers and common workers never wore ties or hats at one time. B．Nowadays, anyone can wear ties and hats if he or she likes. C．Wearing ties and hats showed your social position at one time in England. D．President Kennedy liked wearing jeans very much. 3．The last paragraph is written to__________. A．tell us a story B．introduce a new topic C．show the change of ties and hats D．give us some advice 4．What’s the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1  ②=Paragraph 2,...) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The culture of ties and hats B．The styles of ties and hats C．President Kennedy’s hobbies D．Common workers’ life in England 八、完形填空。 Hi, everyone! Today I am talking about table manners. Table manners are all the 1 we should follow when we are eating with other people. My parents told me not to put too much food in my mouth, 2 they told me not to put the knife in my mouth or lick it. This is about safety as well as manners. I hate it when people talk with food in their mouths. There is one thing I hate even more. It’s when people 3 about the food they are eating while they are still eating it. The next important rule is that if you don’t eat something, then you need to tell the host. Don’t wait until you arrive, or everyone might have an 4 time. If you forget to tell the host beforehand, then you need to eat what you are given. It’s okay if you do not want tea, coffee or another drink that is 5 . But don’t turn your cup over or put your hand over the top. Just tell whoever is serving that you do not want it. An important rule is that if you cannot 6 something, you should ask for it. So we often have to pass food and plates around. They should be passed around the table to the right. If you are passed something that you do not want, then you should 7 passing it on. Don’t just put it down. Plates should be taken away only when 8 at the table has finished eating. You should put your knife and fork together pointing up from the bottom of the plate. Then everyone knows you have finished. Take care not to leave a meal too early. That looks as if you only came for the meal and not the 9 . One thing that happens all too often is that people forget to say “thank you”. Make sure you 10 your host when you leave. Also send a text or an email after the meal. A handwritten thank-you note will show you really have manners! 1．A．laws B．rules C．senses D．messages 2．A．and B．but C．or D．so 3．A．talk B．care C．agree D．complain 4．A．unusual B．excellent C．enjoyable D．uncomfortable 5．A．offered B．needed C．limited D．finished 6．A．avoid B．reach C．afford D．choose 7．A．keep B．risk C．stop D．remember 8．A．someone B．anyone C．everyone D．no one 9．A．food B．drink C．event D．culture 10．A．treat B．thank C．greet D．invite 九、任务型阅读。 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Everyone loves gifts! But each country has different customs (习俗). As a European (欧洲人) living in China, I’ve seen some interesting differences from home. For example, in China, people often give fruits and milk. In Europe, people give them only when they visit sick people in the hospital. Many Europeans open their gifts right away, although not in places like Germany. It’s also important to take off the price tag (标签) before giving the gift. What if (如果……怎么办) you don’t like your gift? In Spain, you still need to say you love the gift so you don’t hurt the other person’s feelings. But if they remember to leave the receipt (收据) inside the gift, you can just change it for something else. How the gift looks is also important. However, by using wrapping paper (包装纸) for every gift we buy, we make a lot of waste. Now, many are choosing newspaper or maps as wrappings paper because these can help the environment. Do Europeans give money as gifts? Yes. Polish couples, for example, often request cash (现金) at weddings (婚礼) to pay for the cost of the venue (场地) and meals. Finally, remember: Whatever gifts you give, it’s not important. The thought (想法、心意) is important, not the size or the price of the gift. 1．When do Europeans usually give fruits and milk as gifts? 2．Do people in Germany open their gifts right away? 3．Why do some people use newspapers or maps as wrapping paper now? 4．What do Polish couples use the money from their weddings for? 5．What gifts will you give to others? Why? $