抢分05 选择型阅读理解（抢分专练）（山东专用）2026年中考英语终极冲刺讲练测

抢分05 择型阅读理解（山东专用） 抢分预测 抢分秘籍 抢分特训 考情 抢分依据 命题预测 （2025·山东聊城·中考真题）文章讲述了地理老师兰会云在学生们完成2024年高考后，带领他们骑行约2000公里，历经18天到达青海湖的特殊旅程 （2025·山东聊城·中考真题）文章介绍了中国政府为帮助人们控制体重、过上更健康的生活而采取的措施 （2025·山东东营·中考真题）围绕Billy对红色手推车的渴望以及最终得到它的故事展开。 （2025·山东东营·中考真题）介绍了草原的生物族群、草原类型、草原上的动植物及其适应性等。 （2025·山东滨州·中考真题）讲述了一个山东学生在去重要考试的路上，遇到同学突发心脏病，他勇敢地使用心肺复苏技能救了同学，虽然错过了考试，但他认为生命比考试更重要，他的行为得到了人们的赞扬，教育部门也允许他参加补考，这个故事告诉我们帮助别人是人生中非常宝贵的一课。 （2025·山东滨州·中考真题）介绍了黄河作为中华文明的摇篮和中国的母亲河，其保护工作的重要性以及科学家们采用的新技术，如数字双胞胎、智能石头和无人机等，来更好地保护黄河。 （2025·山东日照·中考真题）兄弟俩在祖父家发现藏宝图，按照地图进入森林探险，遇到美洲豹并化险为夷，最终发现了祖父的秘密宝藏——美洲豹的栖息地。 （2025·山东日照·中考真题）介绍了油桃木这种特殊的树，它被闪电击中后不仅能存活还生长得更好，科学家对其展开研究并将探索更多类似特性的树。 （2025·山东济南·中考真题）介绍人工智能在建筑业的应用。 （2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）主要介绍了几种新型燃料，包括沼气、生物燃料、氢燃料等，讲述它们的制作原料、特点等内容。 根据阅读理解考查方向分析 1. 贴近学生生活，强调实用性 2. 价值观引导与社会责任感 3. 跨学科融合与思辨能力 话题包括教育引导、生活经历、名人介绍、学生活动、生活百科、科技发展、外国文化等; 1. 社会热点与本土文化： 话题融合多学科知识，地理环境与生态保护，交通科技，考查学生的综合素养和跨学科思维能力。 四步通关 Step 1略读知意明中心（快速阅读，把握整篇理清脉络，了解主题） Step 2审题览项瞄关键（审读题干，浏览选项圈画定位关键信息确定考查方向） Step 3细读揣摩定答案（细节理解寻依据推理判断觅逻辑词义/句意猜测看语境主旨大意需领会标题归纳寻首尾脉络梳理晓段意“就近原则”找指代跨学科迁移知识） Step 4再读核查保周全（再读深刻理解作者想法核查答案是否尊重原文再次确定原文信息和观点） 注意:干扰项设置易偷换概念、张冠李戴、本末倒置、无中生有;不选与原文不符或完全相反的结论;不选与作者相反的观点或看法;切忌脱离原文的主观臆断。 六技突破 技巧1细节理解 找（关键原句同义、反义表达间接转述、干扰项:偷换表达信息过于笼统过分肯定/绝对） 技巧2推理判断 析（特定的细节上下文逻辑语言特色、文本类型作者身份、措辞设身处地预测内容 干扰项:原文的简单重复，非推断出来的结论;推理过度的片面结论;符合常识，但文中没有信息支撑） 技巧3词义猜测 判（前后语境定义或释义同义词、反义词、构词法知识与经验） 技巧4归纳总结 览（首尾段/句(核心词/高频词 干扰项:以偏概全主题扩大或缩小） 技巧5梳理脉络 理（段落大意段内/段间关系） 技巧6跨学科迁移 方法应用 典例演练一 整篇试练 （2024·山东日照·中考真题）When you take the subway, you might notice many people, old and young, listening to audiobooks instead of reading paper books. Audiobooks have become quite popular these days. Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over traditional books? Is listening to an audiobook just as good as reading a paper book? You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read. However, you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like, and it gives your eyes a break, too. But the big question is, do we get as much knowledge from audiobooks as we do from paper books? Researchers did an experiment to find the answer. Volunteers in Group One were asked to listen to an audiobook while volunteers in Group Two read a book of the same content (内容). It turned out that they recalled as much information, whether they listened to or read it. Another study from The Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. The result showed that listening to audiobooks activated (激活) almost the same parts of the brain as reading did. However, some people still believe that they learn better from reading paper books. One reason might be that when we listen to audiobooks, we are often doing some other tasks at the same time. “If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’ re not going to learn as well,” Daniel Willingham, a researcher at the University of Virginia, told The New York Times. 1．Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over paper books? A．They are easier to take. B．They offer choices in content. C．They improve people’s eyesight. D．They free people in time and place. 2．What did researchers find in the study? A．People recalled more information from reading paper books. B．Listening activated different parts of the brain from reading. C．People can read and listen to the same content at the same time. D．Listening makes no difference in recalling information from reading. 3．What can we infer from the text? A．People need to stay focused while reading. B．People often do other tasks while listening. C．People actually learn better from audiobooks. D．People have to activate the brain to learn better. 4．How is the text organized? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2,…) A．B． C． D． 方法探究 步骤1略读知意明中心 整篇概要：对比听有声书和读纸质书两种获取知识的方式。 预测主题：讨论两种方式的利与弊。 步骤2审题览项瞄关键 任务1：．定位文中画波浪线的关键信息，在括号内填入对应的题号。 定方向：根据题干确定题目类型，再“对症下药”，用对应的方法解题。 步骤3细读揣摩定答案 任务2：基于文中线索和解题技巧，再次推敲，填写关键信息。 1．细节理解 找同义表达从第1题的四个选项中，找出与该题关键线索“...you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like...”的同义表达，为选项____。 2．细节理解 找同义表达①从四个选项中，找出与该题关键线索一“...they recalled as much information,whether they listened to or read it.”的同义表达，为选项____。选项____中的“more”与该线索关键信息“as much”是（√）否（×）为同义表达？（） 辨干扰项②四个选项中与关键线索二“...listening to audiobooks activated almost the same parts of the brain as reading did.”意义相反的一项为____。其中该选项中的单词____与对应线索中的________互为反义词。③选项____为文章并未提及的“无中生有”干扰项。 3．推理判断 析特定的细节①选项____在文中未提及。②选项____与线索“...they learn better from reading paper books.”相悖。③选项____能直接从原文“...when we listen to audiobooks,we are often doing some other tasks at the same time.”中找到（一般不选能直接从原文找到的选项）。④最后分析文中第3题的特定细节线索“You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read.”，可知答案选____。 4．篇章结构 理段落大意①从下列选项中选出对应的段落大意，将序号写在横线上。 P（Paragraph）1:____P2:____P3:____P4:____P5:____ A.通过对比分析有声书流行的原因。 B.通过实验表明：无论听有声书还是读纸质书，人们回忆起的信息量一样多。 C.探讨争议：为什么一些人认为读纸质书更好。 D.描述有声书越来越受欢迎的现象并提出问题。 E.引用其他研究，表明听有声书和读纸质书几乎激活了大脑相同的区域。 理段间关系②分析段间关系：第____段引入（提出问题）；第____段对比两种方式，第____~____段说明研究结论（分析问题）；第____段补充说明（探讨争议），确定答案选____。 步骤4再读核查保周全 检查答案是否尊重原文，确定材料中的信息和观点是否判断正确。 典例演练二节选补充 （一）词义猜测 [2024东营中考节选]Camels are like sponges.They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink.In only a few minutes,all of this water goes directly to the camel's blood cells（细胞）. 1．What does the underlined word“sponges”mean? A.海绵 B.弹簧 C.水桶 D.吸管 方法探究 ①判语境此处将骆驼比作了一种物品，根据画线词后的句子可知此物品和骆驼具有相似的特征：能短时间吸收大量水分。 ②结合常识，确定答案选____。 （二）归纳总结（段落大意） [聊城中考节选]Xie knows the difference between special education and general education.She takes care of each student according to their physical conditions.And she also helps them with learning and their daily life.She used to help carry a student to restrooms,the dining hall,classrooms and the dormitory for nine years until the student graduated（毕业）from the school. 2．What does Paragraph 3（第3段）mainly tell us? A.What Xie knows. B.How long Xie helped carry the student. C.How Xie takes care of the students. D.What the students'physical conditions are. 方法探究 ①览首尾句找主题速览整段，重点关注首尾句，是（√）否（×）有主题句？（） ②览高频词（若有主题句，根据上面步骤①找出主题句即可得出答案，若无主题句，再进入②）细读本段内容，找出本段多次出现的高频动词____,以及该词的同义短语____________。 ③根据上一步找出来的高频词，锁定选项B与C，再分析选项中的疑问词：how long表时间，how表方式，结合语境，可排除干扰项，答案为____。 （三）代词指代 [2024滨州中考节选]The government encourages local people to learn lantern-making widely.Without doubt,at the heart of the Zigong Lantern Festival's success is the local tradition of pulling together.Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular.Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city,they have reached over 80 countries.It's believed that Zigong lanterns will reach every corner of the world in the future. 3．What does the underlined word“they”in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.People in Zigong. B.Zigong lanterns. C.The makers of Zigong lanterns. D.Many museums. 方法探究 ①返回原文，找出原词并判断代词是单数还是复数。本题为____数。 ②“就近原则”找指代向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子（单数代词找单数名词，复数代词找复数名词），可找到“the collective efforts”和________________（先从最近的开始找，找不到再找第二近的，一般答案不会离得太远）。 ③将找到的内容替换该代词，查是否通顺：将“they”替换为“the collective efforts”，该句意思不通，不符合逻辑，故确定答案选____。 （四）跨学科迁移——跨数学 [2024滨州中考节选]Peng was born in Shandong Province in 2004.Her hearing was damaged（损伤）because she had a high fever at the age of 2.It changed her life.For her disability,she was so shy that she was even afraid to speak to others. 4．When was Peng's hearing damaged? A.In 2004. B.In 2006. C.At the age of 6. D.2 years ago. 方法探究 ①阅读题干，标记题干中的关键词:“____”“hearing”“damaged”。 ②在原文中寻找标记的关键词，同时标记体现时间的相关信息。 ③迁加减乘除巧破解理清题干询问的时间与原文提到的时间的关系。她出生于2004年，2岁时听力受损，故她听力受损的时间是：2004+____=____,故答案选____。 注意更多“解题有法”演练任务见本册“第二部分主题语篇课时练” 抢分01 科学技术 1.（25-26九年级下·山东烟台·月考）China has made great progress in its Mars (火星) exploration program. Recent discoveries and upcoming tasks have caught the attention of people all over the world. In 2021, China’s Zhurong rover (探测器) successfully landed on Mars and began its exploration. According to the latest reports, Zhurong has discovered signs of an ancient ocean on the planet. The rover’s radar (雷达) found types of soil similar to those on Earth’s beaches. This suggests that Mars’ northern area might have once been covered by a huge ocean. This finding supports the idea that Mars was once a wet planet and there could be living things. Besides these discoveries, China is actively preparing for future tasks. The Tianwen-3 project, planned for 2028, aims to bring back samples (样本) from Mars. This project will focus on searching for signs of life and studying Mars’ climate and geology (气候与地质). If successful, China could become the first country to return Mars samples to Earth. According to Dr. Zhang, a Mars exploration expert, “These discoveries and projects are not only about finding water or life on Mars, but also about adding to human knowledge and technology.” China’s achievements in Mars exploration have not only advanced scientific understanding but also shown its growing abilities in deep space exploration. As China continues to explore the mysteries of Mars, the world is looking forward to more groundbreaking discoveries. 1．Why was Zhurong rover believed to have discovered signs of an ancient ocean on Mars? A．From the type of soil it found. B．Because the radar found a beach. C．Because of its successful landing. D．To send water or living things to Mars. 2．What is the main goal of China’s Tianwen-3 project? A．To land another rover on Mars. B．To bring back samples from Mars C．To study living things on Mars. D．To send some water or life to Mars. 3．What do China’s achievements in Mars exploration show? A．China is the first country to find life on Mars. B．China is the first country to find water on Mars. C．China is able to develop in deep space exploration. D．China has fully understood Mars' climate and geology. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．China’s Zhurong Rover B．China’s Mars Exploration C．China’s Tianwen-3 Project D．Mars’ Climate and Geology 2.（2026·山东日照·一模）The 2026 Spring Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会), the most-watched annual TV show in China, brought a huge surprise to millions of viewers at home and abroad with its creative performance Wu BOT. This wonderful show perfectly put traditional Chinese martial arts (武术) and cutting-edge (尖端的) modern robot technology together, and it quickly became a top hot topic on Chinese social media after it was shown. In the 4-minute wonderful show, dozens of humanoid robots (人形机器人) took the stage side by side with real Chinese martial artists. These robots, developed by Yushu Technology, moved in perfect sync (同步) with each other and the human performers. They completed powerful kung fu moves, wonderful flips (空翻) and difficult stunts (特技动作) with amazing precision (精准度), including complex routines like stick skills and fist techniques. They could even finish a 360-degree turn in the air and land steadily, just like real experienced kung fu masters. It was the world’s first autonomous humanoid robot cluster martial arts performance. The live audience cheered loudly through the whole show, and many people recorded the exciting moments to share with their friends online. Behind the amazing show is the great effort of Chinese technology research teams. To make every robot’s move smooth and perfect, the team tested the robots thousands of times and solved hundreds of technical problems. Wu BOT is far more than just a wonderful stage performance. It carries a special cultural meaning: it helps to inherit (传承) traditional Chinese kung fu culture in a new and interesting way, and lets more teenagers fall in love with both traditional Chinese kung fu and modern technology. It also shows the strong innovation (创新) ability of China’s robot technology to the whole world. 1．What was special about the robots’ movements in the Wu BOT show? A．Not smooth at all. B．In perfect sync with others. C．Much slower than human performers. 2．What did the technology team do to make the robots’ moves perfect? A．They tested the robots thousands of times. B．They invited kung fu masters to train the robots. C．They played the show on social media repeatedly. 3．What can we learn from the passage about the Wu BOT show? A．The robots failed to do difficult kung fu stunts steadily. B．The show helps pass on Chinese kung fu culture in a new way. C．The show was not popular with teenagers after the Spring Festival Gala. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The development history of the Spring Festival Gala. B．The great changes of China’s robot technology. C．A popular show that mixes kung fu and robot technology. 3.（2026·山东日照·一模） In early February 2026, ByteDance (字节跳动) launched its newest AI video model, Seedance 2.0. This amazing technology soon drew attention from all over the world. People praise it for its strong abilities, and it has become one of the most talked-about tech topics this year. What makes Seedance 2.0 so special? Well, it can make both videos and matching sounds at the same time, and the results are very natural. Its biggest advantage is multi-lens (多视角) storytelling. If you give it a short text or just one picture, it can create connected scenes. What’s more, it keeps the characters, lighting and style the same throughout the video. The model also supports 2K resolution (分辨率) and can take different kinds of inputs (输入), which makes making videos much easier and faster. When we compare Seedance 2.0 with other similar technologies like OpenAI’s Sora, it does much better in both speed and video quality. Industry experts say it is a useful tool for creators, not something that will take their place. It helps many fields develop, such as media, short plays and digital content creation. A serious worry appeared when tests showed that this model could make real-looking videos—even with matching voices—just from a photo. This made people worry a lot about identity theft (身份盗用) and privacy (隐私) problems. Because of this, ByteDance quickly stopped using this special function. Besides these problems, the technology still has some technical issues. For example, sometimes the movements in the videos are not natural. Seedance 2.0 is an important step forward in AI video development. It shows how fast the AI video field is developing and how China is becoming more important in global AI innovation (创新). At the same time, it makes us think about a very important question: how can we use such powerful technology safely and responsibly? 1．What is the biggest strength of Seedance 2.0? A．It is cheaper than other AI video models. B．It can produce videos with matching sound and connected scenes. C．It can completely replace human creators. 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Seedance 2.0 is worse than OpenAI’s Sora in video quality. B．Seedance 2.0 can only take text as input to create videos. C．Seedance 2.0 helps the development of media and short plays. 3．What is the passage mainly about? A．The disadvantages of AI video models. B．Ways to create AI videos safely. C．An introduction to Seedance 2.0 and its influences. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．China is playing a more important role in global AI innovation. B．AI video development has stopped because of ethical problems. C．Powerful AI technology no longer needs strict rules. 4.（2026·山东滨州·一模） The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala amazed people around the world with its cool mix of technology and traditional culture. Different from past years, the 2026 Gala used new technologies like AI, 3D projection and VR, wonderfully showing a new look of Chinese culture. The most shocking act was the “Wu BOT”. These 1.8-meter-tall H2 robots, wearing red martial arts robes (武术袍服), performed with students from Tagou Martial Arts School. They did backflips (后空翻), sword dances (剑舞), and even the classic Drunken Fist (醉拳). What amazed people most was that some robots even finished difficult moves while running, which no one had ever seen before in the world! This performance was not only a wonder of modern technology, but also a fascinating show of the beauty of Chinese martial arts. In another program, dancers moved to the beat of traditional folk music. 3D projections turned the whole stage (舞台) into a lively, old Chinese painting. It looked like the performers were walking inside a valuable work of art. At the same time, AI technology played a key role in “making history come alive”. It helped bring back the sounds of old musical instruments. People all lost themselves in the beautiful, classical songs that had been silent for hundreds of years. While using these new technologies, the Gala stayed true to the heart of traditional arts. And it showed many traditional art forms, such as Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera, folk songs and fine paper cuttings. These acts were much more than just fun to watch. They were lively ties to our past. They carried the deep memories and feelings that Chinese people have for their hometowns and cultural roots. The 2026 Spring Festival Gala showed us technology is not here to take the place of our traditions, but a good tool that makes them shine even brighter. By mixing the old and the new, we can pass on Chinese traditional culture to the young in a more creative way. 1．What was the most amazing part about the “Wu BOT” performance? A．They wore red martial arts robes. B．They danced with martial arts students. C．They did difficult moves while running. 2．Why did the writer mention Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera and paper cuttings? A．To compare them with the robot show. B．To show the Gala still values traditional arts. C．To explain how AI was used in each performance. 3．What does the writer think of the role of technology in culture? A．It has no place in cultural events. B．It can make traditions more creative. C．It might take the place of traditional performances. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? （①=Paragraph1, ②=Paragraph2...） A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③/④⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ 抢分02 科普知识 1.（2026·山东日照·一模）Have you noticed a new kind of running shoes at school recently? Many students are wearing them. They look very cool, have thick soles (鞋底), and cost a lot of money. People call them “carbon plate” shoes. Some young runners believe these shoes are magic. They think, “If I wear these, I will run faster and get better marks in PE class.” But there is a secret about these shoes that you should know. These shoes are not just normal trainers. They are like powerful machines for your feet. Inside the thick foam (泡沫), there is a hard plate made of a material called carbon. This plate is very hard. It works like a strong spring. When a runner steps down, the plate bends and then pushes the runner forward with a lot of energy. This is wonderful for professional athletes who run marathons. However, for a student like you, this “magic” might actually be dangerous. Why are they dangerous? The problem is that your body is still changing. As a teenager, your foot bones are not fully hard yet. They are still growing. Because the carbon plate is so stiff, it does not move easily. Instead, it forces your foot into a fixed shape. If you wear them every day, the shoe fights against your natural foot movement. This can cause serious trouble. Doctors are now seeing many children with foot injuries because of these shoes. If you wear them to walk to school or play with friends, your feet can get hurt. You might feel a sharp pain in your ankles (脚踝) or your knees. So, what should you do? It is okay to wear them for a short race if you are a serious runner. But please do not wear them all day long. For walking and playing, simple and soft sneakers (运动鞋) are much better. They let your feet move freely. Remember, cool shoes are nice, but healthy feet are the most important thing! 1．Why do many students like wearing “carbon plate” shoes? A．Because the shoes are cool, have thick soles and cost a lot. B．Because students need to practice running to get high marks every day. C．Because the shoes are magical and good for teenagers’ feet. 2．How do the shoes work when a runner steps down? A．The soles are thick enough to give the magic power to runners. B．The plate bends and then pushes the runner forward with lots of energy. C．The carbon plate is so hard, and it can move easily and lightly. 3．Liang Hanchang and his good friends are the students in No.1 Shiyan Middle School. They like wearing “carbon plate” shoes every day. What will you say to them according to the main idea of the passage? A．“The shoes are so cool, and they fit you so well.” B．“They must be very comfortable, and you can run very fast.” C．“You are still growing and the shoes may hurt your ankles or knees.” 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Hidden Dangers of Teen “Super Shoes” B．The Professional Skills of Running C．The Future of Teen Health 2.（2026·山东济南·一模）The Shenzhou XVI team, with their remarkable experiences, generously shared their space stories with the public offering a fascinating glimpse into the world of space exploration. The crew consists of three outstanding members. Jing Haipeng, a highly-skilled pilot, is China’s most experienced astronaut. His calmness and expertise (专业知识) are crucial during the mission. Zhu Yangzhu, an engineer. brings his technical know-how to ensure the smooth operation (运作) of various systems. Gui Haichao, China’s first civilian (平民) astronaut, represents a new chapter in China’s space endeavors, adding a unique perspective to the team. They arrived at China’s Tiangong Space Station in May 2023, ready to embark on their five-month space journey Jing Haipeng explained that his main focus was on guiding the ship’s direction and overseeing the space station’s operations. Meanwhile, his partners concentrated on their respective fields. To maintain their well-being in the challenging space environment, they adhered strictly to (坚持) their exercise and eating plans, which were carefully designed to keep both their physical and mental health in top condition. Engineer Zhu elaborated on the huge challenge they faced: achieving “zero mistake in daily operations”. This required quick and effective problem-solving skills, in depth knowledge of the space station, and professional expertise. He emphasized (强调) the power of teamwork, as they constantly checked and reminded one another to ensure the accuracy of every task. Gui was excited to share that they had completed over 7 space, experiments and research projects, bringing back a wealth of valuable samples. His pride in contributing to China’s space research was obvious (显而易见的). Chinese astronauts have been progressing gradually and they will find out more and realize even bigger dreams with greater courage and knowledge. 1．What was the biggest challenge for Engineer Zhu during the Shenzhou XVI mission? A．Adapting to the space environment. B．Completing a large number of space experiments. C．Ensuring zero mistakes in daily operations. D．Communicating with the ground control effectively. 2．What did the astronauts do to keep their physical and mental health in good condition? A．Focus on the direction of the ship. B．Focus on their own areas. C．Follow their exercise and diet plans. D．Learn to solve problems quickly. 3．Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage? A．Informative and inspiring. B．Critical and objective. C．Humorous and light-hearted. D．Doubtful and cautious. 4．From the passage, we can infer that ________. A．civilian astronauts have more advantages in space research B．no space experiments or research projects were completed C．the three astronauts' tasks were independent of each other D．China’s space exploration is constantly evolving with new members and achievements 5．What is the structure of the passage? (P =Paragraph) A．B．C． D． 3.（25-26九年级下·山东德州·月考）A special event happened in some parts of the world. People in North America, South America, Western Europe, and Western Africa saw it. On March 14, 2025, the night sky had a red moon. This is called a Blood Moon. It happens during a total lunar eclipse (月全食), which only takes place during the full moon. The eclipse lasted more than 3.5 hours. The total eclipse was visible for about one hour. A total lunar eclipse happens when the earth is between the sun and the moon. The earth’s shadow makes the moon look red. The moon also looks darker because it does not shine with sunlight. Sunlight has seven colors. Some colors, like blue and green, do not reach the moon because they scatter (分散) in the earth’s air. But red and orange can travel far and make the moon look red. If there is a lot of dust or clouds in the air, the moon looks even redder. Are there other types of lunar eclipses? Yes, there are two more: a partial lunar eclipse and a penumbral (半影的) lunar eclipse. A partial lunar eclipse happens when the earth blocks only part of the sunlight, which makes a shadow on part of the moon. A penumbral lunar eclipse happens when the moon moves through a light shadow of the earth. This makes the moon a little darker, but the change is very small, so it is hard to see. NASA says the earth has two to four lunar eclipses every year. ▲ Total lunar eclipses happen every 2.5 years. An eclipse season lasts about 34 to 35 days. In each season, there is one solar eclipse and one lunar eclipse. In 2025, there will be two eclipse seasons: one in March and the other in September. The earth moves around the sun in an oval (椭圆的) shape, while the moon moves around the earth at a small angle (5 degrees). If the moon’s movement was not tilted (倾斜的), we would see at least two eclipses (one solar and one lunar) every month. 1．Why does the moon appear darker during a total lunar eclipse? A．Because the earth blocks all sunlight. B．Because the moon shines with its own light. C．Because there is much dust in the air. D．Because the moon doesn’t reflect sunlight directly. 2．What can we learn about a partial lunar eclipse? A．It’s hard to notice the change. B．A shadow is partly made on the moon. C．Blue and green make the moon look redder. D．The moon moves through a light shadow of the earth. 3．Which of the following can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．People can only see lunar eclipses at night. B．Lunar eclipses are more interesting than solar eclipses. C．Each eclipse can be seen from about half of the earth. D．The color of the moon during a lunar eclipse is always the same. 4．What main method does the writer adopt to explain a lunar eclipse? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By comparing different types of eclipses. 5．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The mystery of lunar eclipses B．The beauty of the red moon C．The different types of eclipses D．The movement of the earth 4.（2025·山东东营·中考真题） What is a grassland? A grassland is a biome (生物群落区) that is covered with grasses. Grass is everything to a grassland. Grass is food for animals. Grass can keep the grassland warm and wet. Grass stops the wind from blowing away the soil (土壤). There are two kinds of grasslands. Temperate grasslands are one kind. Temperate means the environment has a mild climate (温和气候) and four seasons. Temperate grasslands have rich soil. Tropical grasslands are the other kind. Tropical means the environment is near the equator and is warm all year round. Tropical grasslands have a rainy season and a dry season. They usually have more trees and poorer soil than temperate grasslands. Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters. With so little rain, the land can dry out. Fires can start easily. What adaptations (适应性) help grassland plants and animals survive (存活)? Different grasslands have different kinds of grasses. However, nearly all grassland grasses have adaptations to growing well in dry conditions. Grasses have deep roots. The roots can take in water and keep nutrients (营养). When a fire burns, everything above ground is destroyed (破坏). Down below, the roots survive. They hold on to their water and nutrients. After a fire, new stalks can grow from the roots. The old, dead grass becomes part of soil. Gradually, the soil gets richer and richer. Most grasses have adaptations to growing from the roots. This helps them survive and grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. Trees that grow in tropical grasslands also have adaptations that help them survive. For example, the baobab tree grows leaves only during the wet season. It loses its leaves during the dry season. Many kinds of animals live in grasslands. All of them have adaptations that help them survive. Some grassland animals have flat teeth for eating grass. For example, with their flat teeth, zebras bite off (咬下) the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut. 1．What plays the most important role in a grassland? A．The tree. B．The soil. C．The grass. D．The animal. 2．What do the two kinds of grasslands have in common? A．The kind of grasses. B．The kind of climate. C．The number of seasons. D．The low yearly rainfall. 3．What can help grass grow well in dry conditions? A．Big fires. B．Deep roots. C．Rich soil. D．New stalks. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Zebras use flat teeth for biting off grasses. B．After a fire, the grass on the grassland dies forever. C．The leaves of the baobab trees drop during the wet season. D．Most grasses can’t grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. 5．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Life in the grassland. B．Fires in the grassland. C．Plants in the grassland. D．Climate of the grassland. 5.（25-26九年级下·山东济宁·月考）An old saying used for forecasting (预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, sailors’ delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors (水手) take warning.” Is the saying true? It turns out that it is. A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming. Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming. If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure (压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way. Smell the flowers— their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing? Are they moving to higher ground? This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high? Falling air pressure may influence birds’ ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day! 1．What is the old saying about? A．The beauty of sunrise. B．The night sky. C．The signs of the weather. D．The sailors’work. 2．What does the underlined word “meteorologists” mean? A．The persons who give daily weather reports on TV. B．The persons who carry out research on natural history. C．The persons who take an interest in plants and animals. D．The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions. 3．What do we know from the last paragraph? A．It’ll be sunny if ants move to higher places. B．The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air. C．Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure. D．It’ll rain if rainbows form in the west at sunrise. 4．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To encourage people to get close to nature. B．To express the need for weather forecasting. C．To explain nature can tell us about the weather. D．To discuss how important weather forecasting is. 6.（2026·山东济南·一模）Having a big lobster (龙虾) meal and lots of fun on the North Shore is a great way to celebrate! On Oct 10. people in Prince Edward Island, Canada, enjoyed a lively lobster party to celebrate the lobster-catching season. Tickets were $125 (about 880 yuan) per person. People gathered there, chatting and laughing while savoring delicious lobsters. However, lobster hasn’t always been expensive. In the book Lobster: A Global History by food writer Elisabeth Townsend, lobster was once considered “survival food”. It was only eaten when people were very hungry because there were so many of them and it wasn’t easy to keep them fresh. In fact, some people didn’t want to eat lobster because how scary it looked. They thought its strange shape and sharp claws were off-putting. As global sea trade grew, lobster became a favorite among European nobles. Since it had to be shipped alive, only those with wealth and power could afford it. By the 16th and 17th centuries, art began to show how popular it was. Still-life painters like Dutch artist Willem Kalf included lobsters in their paintings to show wealthy people’s luxurious lifestyle. These paintings often described sumptuous banquets (豪华宴会)with lobsters as the centerpiece. By the early 1900s, lobster was a symbol of luxury (奢侈). It was reported that the rich businessman Diamond Jim Brady ate six or seven lobsters in one sitting. His indulgence (沉溺) in lobster became a well-known anecdote (轶事), further fueling the perception of lobster as a high-end delicacy. Over time, lobster became widely seen as a special treat. People all around the world want to taste it. It also has different meanings in different places: In some cultures, lobster is seen as a symbol of long life because of its curved back while in others it stands for power because of its hard shell. Lobster isn’t just for eating anymore—it has become a cultural symbol representing celebration, luxury and diverse (多样的) cultural values. 1．Why was lobster seen as “survival food” in history? A．It was generally expensive. B．It was difficult to catch. C．It looked scary and tasted bad. D．It was common and hard to keep fresh. 2．The author mentions “Diamond Jim Brady” in Paragraph 4 to ________. A．prove that lobster is good for health B．criticize rich people’s eating habits C．talk about the history of eating lobster D．show lobster was popular among the rich 3．In which of the following artworks are you most likely to find a lobster? A．A portrait of a commoner. B．A landscape painting of a beach. C．A still-life painting of a banquet. D．A modern abstract painting. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．People around the world enjoy eating lobster. B．There are now many different species of lobster. C．Lobster has different cultural meanings across the world. D．Lobster has become a symbol of power in some cultures. 5．Which of the following statements can prove that lobster is a symbol of luxury? A．People in Canada, enjoyed a lively lobster party to celebrate the lobster-catching season. B．Lobster was only eaten when people were very hungry because there were so many of them. C．Since lobster had to be shipped alive, only those with wealth and power could afford it. D．Lobster isn’t just for eating anymore—it has become a cultural symbol. 7.（2026·山东济南·一模）When autumn arrives in the United States and Canada, you can see one of nature’s greatest scenes—the yearly migration (迁徙) of the monarch butterflies (帝王蝶). No other butterfly in the world migrates like the orange and black monarch of North America. They can not live for long periods in cold weather. So each autumn around October, the butterflies travel up to 3,000 kilometers south to spend winter. Some even fly to the mountains of Mexico. It usually takes the butterflies two months to reach Mexico. When it is warm, they start to back north in the spring. But not one butterfly finishes the whole trip. They lay eggs along the way and die. “It might take the monarchs as many as four to five generations (代) to complete the journey all the way back up to Canada,” says Sarina Jepsen, who directs the endangered species program for the Xerces Society. The most amazing thing about these butterflies is that they return to the very same trees in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used for the winter before. However, the number of these colorful butterflies has dropped in recent years. The US Fish and Wildlife Service said that nearly a billion monarchs have disappeared from overwintering sites (越冬地点) since 1990, the Washington Post reported, one of the main reasons, experts say, is that farmers have used herbicides (除草剂) on the milkweed (马利筋) plants that these butterflies feed on… 1．How is paragraph 2 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By explaining the reasons. D．By comparing the differences. 2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean? A．People are interested in the lifestyle of monarch butterflies. B．It’s hard for the monarch butterflies to complete the migration. C．People wonder how the monarch butterflies complete the journey. D．Sarina Jepsen encourages people to protect the monarch butterflies. 3．What’s the most amazing thing about the monarch butterflies? A．They can fly up to 3,000 km. B．They feed on milkweed plants. C．They lay eggs along the way and die. D．They return to the same trees as their ancestors. 4．What is the main reason for the drop in the number of butterflies? A．Less food. B．Bad weather. C．Air pollution. D．Climate change. 5．What might the writer talk about next? A．How to describe the life of the monarch butterflies. B．How to research the monarch butterflies. C．How to protect the monarch butterflies. D．How to catch more monarch butterflies. 抢分03 传统文化 1.（2026·山东济南·一模）This is a typical day for Yang Jinlong. At 9 am, he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban. It is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling to the rhythm (节奏) of bamboo clappers (响板), which the art form is named after. Sometimes, he helps students prepare for competitions. Usually, his classes run until about 6 pm, and then he returns home to prepare classes for the next day. On June 10, 2021, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list to 1,557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty, has been included. The art form has been introduced to some local schools as part of their art education. Yang was born on May 18th, 1976. He has been teaching young people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing. He studied quyi there. Quyi is a general term for Chinese folk art forms, including storytelling, crosstalk and clapper talk. “Art education is important for students in China. Just as many students learn to play Western musical instruments like the piano and violin, there are many people learning traditional Chinese folk arts, including Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll work for my whole life,” he said. Kuaiban is popular in northern China, including Beijing and Tianjin. According to Yang, Shaanxi kuaiban was influenced by the art of different areas. The art form can be played by a group of players or only one. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand, the players speak the local dialect (方言) while telling stories, which are usually about heroes. The player tells stories while playing kuaiban, and it’s easy for the watchers to remember the stories since all the lines rhyme. Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country. 1．Why is today a typical day for Yang Jinlong? A．He prepares for competitions. B．He follows his daily life of teaching. C．He visits schools in Beijing. D．He learns new forms of quyi. 2．When was Shaanxi kuaiban chosen in the national intangible cultural heritage list? A．In 2003. B．On May 18, 1976. C．On June 10, 2021. D．In the late Qing Dynasty. 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Shaanxi kuaiban is named after Shaanxi dialect. B．Kuaiban is popular in southern China. C．Some schools in Xi’an have set up Shaanxi Kuaiban classes. D．Yang has been teaching students in Beijing after graduating.. 4．Which of the following best describes Yang Jinlong? A．Responsible. B．Creative. C．Patient. D．Brave. 5．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To show how to play Shaanxi kuaiban. B．To compare Chinese and Western arts. C．To encourage students to learn kuaiban for competitions. D．To praise the work of spreading traditional Chinese art. 抢分04 其他 1.（2026·山东聊城·一模）In December 2020, the “quiet carriage” (静音车厢) service was first introduced on some trains of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway. Up to June 2024, this service has expanded to the Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Harbin, Shanghai-Kunming and other high-speed railways. The “quiet carriages” feature (以……为特色) silent videos and announcements made at a low volume (音量). Doors at both ends of the carriage are closed to reduce noise from outside. During the trip, passengers must wear earphones or turn off loudspeakers when using electronic devices. They also need to leave their seats to make or answer calls. Their phones should be set to silent or vibrate mode (振动模式). For those travelling with children, they must take care of them and keep them quiet. Mr. Li, a Chengdu local, said, “I make at least one round trip a week between Chengdu and Chongqing for work. I sometimes need to focus on my work or get some rest during the hour-long trip. The quiet carriage is a good choice for me.” “When I booked the tickets, I first saw the option (选项) for the ‘quiet carriage’. Even though not everyone believes it will make any difference, I wanted to give it a shot,” said Miss Mou, who took the train from Beijing to Shanghai. “When I entered the carriage for the first time, signs reminding passengers to keep quiet were everywhere, and it was really much quieter than the other carriages.” Experts say that the “quiet carriage” service provides passengers with more value-added choices. It not only helps passengers to follow public order and respect the rights of others, but also creates a more civilized (文明的) travelling environment. 1．On which high-speed railways was the “quiet carriage” service first introduced in December 2020? A．Beijing-Shanghai and Beijing-Harbin. B．Beijing-Guangzhou and Beijing-Harbin. C．Beijing-Shanghai and Chengdu-Chongqing. 2．What are passengers required to do when making or answering calls in the quiet carriage? A．Speak loudly. B．Leave their seats to make or answer calls. C．Turn up the loudspeakers. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the “quiet carriages”? A．There’s no kid in these carriages. B．Phones are not allowed to be used in these carriages. C．They create a much quieter space for passengers. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of high-speed rail development. B．The ways to keep silent on high-speed trains. C．The introduction and development of the quiet carriage. 2.（2026·山东聊城·一模）“Look in my eyes. Tell me why.” Have you found yourself listening to “ancient people” online recently? Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring famous people from history like Tang Dynasty poets Li Bai and Du Fu “back to life”. These videos have become popular, showing these ancient icons (偶像) speaking in modern language. In one video, Du Fu talks about his experience during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763). In another, Ming Dynasty medical expert Li Shizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still staying up late. “The videos make me want to learn more about important ancient people. I didn’t know much about their stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong. The new trend (趋势) isn’t for everyone, however. The way these ancient people speak, in high tones and always asking questions, annoys some people. “They’re too pushy (咄咄逼人的), which is different from how they really were,” said 14-year-old Wang Shuotong from Jiangsu. Xia Boen, 14, from Hubei, felt the same. But he was surprised to find that he “remembered almost everything they said about their experiences and achievements” thanks to the speaking style in the videos. These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. However, “we should be careful with these videos, making sure they are not sharing wrong information,” noted Nanfang Daily. 1．What historical event does Du Fu talk about in the video? A．The Tang Dynasty. B．The An-Shi Rebellion. C．Drinking goji berry water. 2．How does Wang Jiayi feel about the videos? A．Interested. B．Confused. C．Bored. 3．What does Wang Shuotong think about the way the ancient people speak in the videos? A．It is too pushy. B．It is very realistic. C．It is too quiet. 4．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To explain how to make historical videos. B．To compare ancient and modern lifestyles. C．To introduce a new trend of bringing ancient people “back to life” through AI. 3.（25-26九年级下·山东济南·月考）Scientists from Flinders University have found a skull (头骨) of a giant bird called Genyornis newtoni, which lived 45,000 years ago in South Australia. This skull is one of only two ever discovered. The first one was found in 1913 but was just a small part. So for many years, not much was known about this giant bird. However, in a new study published in the journal Historical Biology, researchers from the university have discovered some important information about how this ancient bird looked and lived. “With this new skull, we can start to understand this bird better. This bird weighed about 230 kilograms and could not fly. And it looked very different from other birds, yet similar to a goose,” Phoebe, one of the researchers, said. The new-skull shows that it had a short head bone and a large jaw (下颌), which gave it a different look from other birds. The joints (关节) in the skull are highly flexible, allowing the bird to open its mouth wide, as parrots can. The way its jaw muscles (肌肉) were organized suggests it could bite harder than the researchers thought before. The structure (结构) of the skull also supports ideas about what this bird ate. It probably preferred soft plants, such as fresh shoots and fruits. The study also shows that the structure is suitable for feeding in water. For example, it had a palate (腭) near its eyes, which helped keep water out while the bird was feeding. These findings suggest that Genyornis newtoni lived in wet environments, such as rivers, wetlands, and lakes. 1．What is special about the newly found skull of Genyornis newtoni? A．It is the biggest bird skull ever found. B．It is the only skull ever found. C．It shows how the bird looked and lived. D．It was found over 100 years ago. 2．Where did Genyornis newtoni most likely live? A．In wet places like lakes. B．On high mountains. C．In dry deserts. D．In deep forests. 3．Which of the following can replace the meaning of underlined word “flexible”? A．Hard. B．Tiny. C．Soft. D．Clear. 4．What can we infer about Genyornis newtoni’s diet? A．It ate hard nuts and seeds. B．It preferred soft plants and fruits. C．It only ate small animals. D．It drank water but did not eat. 5．In which part of a magazine can you read this passage? A．History. B．Discovery C．New technology. D．Animal protection. 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 抢分05 择型阅读理解（山东专用） 抢分预测 抢分秘籍 抢分特训 考情 抢分依据 命题预测 （2025·山东聊城·中考真题）文章讲述了地理老师兰会云在学生们完成2024年高考后，带领他们骑行约2000公里，历经18天到达青海湖的特殊旅程 （2025·山东聊城·中考真题）文章介绍了中国政府为帮助人们控制体重、过上更健康的生活而采取的措施 （2025·山东东营·中考真题）围绕Billy对红色手推车的渴望以及最终得到它的故事展开。 （2025·山东东营·中考真题）介绍了草原的生物族群、草原类型、草原上的动植物及其适应性等。 （2025·山东滨州·中考真题）讲述了一个山东学生在去重要考试的路上，遇到同学突发心脏病，他勇敢地使用心肺复苏技能救了同学，虽然错过了考试，但他认为生命比考试更重要，他的行为得到了人们的赞扬，教育部门也允许他参加补考，这个故事告诉我们帮助别人是人生中非常宝贵的一课。 （2025·山东滨州·中考真题）介绍了黄河作为中华文明的摇篮和中国的母亲河，其保护工作的重要性以及科学家们采用的新技术，如数字双胞胎、智能石头和无人机等，来更好地保护黄河。 （2025·山东日照·中考真题）兄弟俩在祖父家发现藏宝图，按照地图进入森林探险，遇到美洲豹并化险为夷，最终发现了祖父的秘密宝藏——美洲豹的栖息地。 （2025·山东日照·中考真题）介绍了油桃木这种特殊的树，它被闪电击中后不仅能存活还生长得更好，科学家对其展开研究并将探索更多类似特性的树。 （2025·山东济南·中考真题）介绍人工智能在建筑业的应用。 （2025·山东菏泽·中考真题）主要介绍了几种新型燃料，包括沼气、生物燃料、氢燃料等，讲述它们的制作原料、特点等内容。 根据阅读理解考查方向分析 1. 贴近学生生活，强调实用性 2. 价值观引导与社会责任感 3. 跨学科融合与思辨能力 话题包括教育引导、生活经历、名人介绍、学生活动、生活百科、科技发展、外国文化等; 1. 社会热点与本土文化： 话题融合多学科知识，地理环境与生态保护，交通科技，考查学生的综合素养和跨学科思维能力。 四步通关 Step 1略读知意明中心（快速阅读，把握整篇理清脉络，了解主题） Step 2审题览项瞄关键（审读题干，浏览选项圈画定位关键信息确定考查方向） Step 3细读揣摩定答案（细节理解寻依据推理判断觅逻辑词义/句意猜测看语境主旨大意需领会标题归纳寻首尾脉络梳理晓段意“就近原则”找指代跨学科迁移知识） Step 4再读核查保周全（再读深刻理解作者想法核查答案是否尊重原文再次确定原文信息和观点） 注意:干扰项设置易偷换概念、张冠李戴、本末倒置、无中生有;不选与原文不符或完全相反的结论;不选与作者相反的观点或看法;切忌脱离原文的主观臆断。 六技突破 技巧1细节理解 找（关键原句同义、反义表达间接转述、干扰项:偷换表达信息过于笼统过分肯定/绝对） 技巧2推理判断 析（特定的细节上下文逻辑语言特色、文本类型作者身份、措辞设身处地预测内容 干扰项:原文的简单重复，非推断出来的结论;推理过度的片面结论;符合常识，但文中没有信息支撑） 技巧3词义猜测 判（前后语境定义或释义同义词、反义词、构词法知识与经验） 技巧4归纳总结 览（首尾段/句(核心词/高频词 干扰项:以偏概全主题扩大或缩小） 技巧5梳理脉络 理（段落大意段内/段间关系） 技巧6跨学科迁移 方法应用 典例演练一 整篇试练 （2024·山东日照·中考真题）When you take the subway, you might notice many people, old and young, listening to audiobooks instead of reading paper books. Audiobooks have become quite popular these days. Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over traditional books? Is listening to an audiobook just as good as reading a paper book? You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read. However, you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like, and it gives your eyes a break, too. But the big question is, do we get as much knowledge from audiobooks as we do from paper books? Researchers did an experiment to find the answer. Volunteers in Group One were asked to listen to an audiobook while volunteers in Group Two read a book of the same content (内容). It turned out that they recalled as much information, whether they listened to or read it. Another study from The Journal of Neuroscience further supported the result above. In the study, researchers scanned (扫描) people’s brains when they listened to and read books. The result showed that listening to audiobooks activated (激活) almost the same parts of the brain as reading did. However, some people still believe that they learn better from reading paper books. One reason might be that when we listen to audiobooks, we are often doing some other tasks at the same time. “If you’re trying to learn while doing two things, you’ re not going to learn as well,” Daniel Willingham, a researcher at the University of Virginia, told The New York Times. 1．Why are more and more people choosing audiobooks over paper books? A．They are easier to take. B．They offer choices in content. C．They improve people’s eyesight. D．They free people in time and place. 2．What did researchers find in the study? A．People recalled more information from reading paper books. B．Listening activated different parts of the brain from reading. C．People can read and listen to the same content at the same time. D．Listening makes no difference in recalling information from reading. 3．What can we infer from the text? A．People need to stay focused while reading. B．People often do other tasks while listening. C．People actually learn better from audiobooks. D．People have to activate the brain to learn better. 4．How is the text organized? (①=Paragraph 1,②=Paragraph 2,…) A．B． C． D． [答案]1．D2．D3．A4．B 方法探究 步骤1略读知意明中心 整篇概要：对比听有声书和读纸质书两种获取知识的方式。 预测主题：讨论两种方式的利与弊。 步骤2审题览项瞄关键 任务1：．定位文中画波浪线的关键信息，在括号内填入对应的题号。 定方向：根据题干确定题目类型，再“对症下药”，用对应的方法解题。 [答案]3；1；2；2；3 步骤3细读揣摩定答案 任务2：基于文中线索和解题技巧，再次推敲，填写关键信息。 1．细节理解 找同义表达从第1题的四个选项中，找出与该题关键线索“...you can listen to audiobooks anytime and anywhere you like...”的同义表达，为选项____。 [答案]D 2．细节理解 找同义表达①从四个选项中，找出与该题关键线索一“...they recalled as much information,whether they listened to or read it.”的同义表达，为选项____。选项____中的“more”与该线索关键信息“as much”是（√）否（×）为同义表达？（） 辨干扰项②四个选项中与关键线索二“...listening to audiobooks activated almost the same parts of the brain as reading did.”意义相反的一项为____。其中该选项中的单词____与对应线索中的________互为反义词。③选项____为文章并未提及的“无中生有”干扰项。 [答案]D；A；×；B；different；same；C 3．推理判断 析特定的细节①选项____在文中未提及。②选项____与线索“...they learn better from reading paper books.”相悖。③选项____能直接从原文“...when we listen to audiobooks,we are often doing some other tasks at the same time.”中找到（一般不选能直接从原文找到的选项）。④最后分析文中第3题的特定细节线索“You need to find time available and a quiet place to sit down and read.”，可知答案选____。 [答案]D；C；B；A 4．篇章结构 理段落大意①从下列选项中选出对应的段落大意，将序号写在横线上。 P（Paragraph）1:____P2:____P3:____P4:____P5:____ A.通过对比分析有声书流行的原因。 B.通过实验表明：无论听有声书还是读纸质书，人们回忆起的信息量一样多。 C.探讨争议：为什么一些人认为读纸质书更好。 D.描述有声书越来越受欢迎的现象并提出问题。 E.引用其他研究，表明听有声书和读纸质书几乎激活了大脑相同的区域。 理段间关系②分析段间关系：第____段引入（提出问题）；第____段对比两种方式，第____~____段说明研究结论（分析问题）；第____段补充说明（探讨争议），确定答案选____。 [答案]D；A；B；E；C；1；2；3；4；5；B 步骤4再读核查保周全 检查答案是否尊重原文，确定材料中的信息和观点是否判断正确。 典例演练二节选补充 （一）词义猜测 [2024东营中考节选]Camels are like sponges.They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink.In only a few minutes,all of this water goes directly to the camel's blood cells（细胞）. 1．What does the underlined word“sponges”mean? A.海绵 B.弹簧 C.水桶 D.吸管 [答案] 1．A 方法探究 ①判语境此处将骆驼比作了一种物品，根据画线词后的句子可知此物品和骆驼具有相似的特征：能短时间吸收大量水分。 ②结合常识，确定答案选____。 [答案]A （二）归纳总结（段落大意） [聊城中考节选]Xie knows the difference between special education and general education.She takes care of each student according to their physical conditions.And she also helps them with learning and their daily life.She used to help carry a student to restrooms,the dining hall,classrooms and the dormitory for nine years until the student graduated（毕业）from the school. 2．What does Paragraph 3（第3段）mainly tell us? A.What Xie knows. B.How long Xie helped carry the student. C.How Xie takes care of the students. D.What the students'physical conditions are. [答案] 2．C 方法探究 ①览首尾句找主题速览整段，重点关注首尾句，是（√）否（×）有主题句？（） [答案]× ②览高频词（若有主题句，根据上面步骤①找出主题句即可得出答案，若无主题句，再进入②）细读本段内容，找出本段多次出现的高频动词____,以及该词的同义短语____________。 [答案]help；take care of ③根据上一步找出来的高频词，锁定选项B与C，再分析选项中的疑问词：how long表时间，how表方式，结合语境，可排除干扰项，答案为____。 [答案]C （三）代词指代 [2024滨州中考节选]The government encourages local people to learn lantern-making widely.Without doubt,at the heart of the Zigong Lantern Festival's success is the local tradition of pulling together.Zigong lanterns are getting more and more popular.Driven by the collective efforts of the whole city,they have reached over 80 countries.It's believed that Zigong lanterns will reach every corner of the world in the future. 3．What does the underlined word“they”in Paragraph 4 refer to? A.People in Zigong. B.Zigong lanterns. C.The makers of Zigong lanterns. D.Many museums. [答案] 3．B 方法探究 ①返回原文，找出原词并判断代词是单数还是复数。本题为____数。 [答案]复 ②“就近原则”找指代向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子（单数代词找单数名词，复数代词找复数名词），可找到“the collective efforts”和________________（先从最近的开始找，找不到再找第二近的，一般答案不会离得太远）。 [答案]Zigong lanterns ③将找到的内容替换该代词，查是否通顺：将“they”替换为“the collective efforts”，该句意思不通，不符合逻辑，故确定答案选____。 [答案]B （四）跨学科迁移——跨数学 [2024滨州中考节选]Peng was born in Shandong Province in 2004.Her hearing was damaged（损伤）because she had a high fever at the age of 2.It changed her life.For her disability,she was so shy that she was even afraid to speak to others. 4．When was Peng's hearing damaged? A.In 2004. B.In 2006. C.At the age of 6. D.2 years ago. [答案] 4．B 方法探究 ①阅读题干，标记题干中的关键词:“____”“hearing”“damaged”。 [答案]When ②在原文中寻找标记的关键词，同时标记体现时间的相关信息。 ③迁加减乘除巧破解理清题干询问的时间与原文提到的时间的关系。她出生于2004年，2岁时听力受损，故她听力受损的时间是：2004+____=____,故答案选____。 [答案]2；2006；B 注意更多“解题有法”演练任务见本册“第二部分主题语篇课时练” 抢分01 科学技术 1.（25-26九年级下·山东烟台·月考）China has made great progress in its Mars (火星) exploration program. Recent discoveries and upcoming tasks have caught the attention of people all over the world. In 2021, China’s Zhurong rover (探测器) successfully landed on Mars and began its exploration. According to the latest reports, Zhurong has discovered signs of an ancient ocean on the planet. The rover’s radar (雷达) found types of soil similar to those on Earth’s beaches. This suggests that Mars’ northern area might have once been covered by a huge ocean. This finding supports the idea that Mars was once a wet planet and there could be living things. Besides these discoveries, China is actively preparing for future tasks. The Tianwen-3 project, planned for 2028, aims to bring back samples (样本) from Mars. This project will focus on searching for signs of life and studying Mars’ climate and geology (气候与地质). If successful, China could become the first country to return Mars samples to Earth. According to Dr. Zhang, a Mars exploration expert, “These discoveries and projects are not only about finding water or life on Mars, but also about adding to human knowledge and technology.” China’s achievements in Mars exploration have not only advanced scientific understanding but also shown its growing abilities in deep space exploration. As China continues to explore the mysteries of Mars, the world is looking forward to more groundbreaking discoveries. 1．Why was Zhurong rover believed to have discovered signs of an ancient ocean on Mars? A．From the type of soil it found. B．Because the radar found a beach. C．Because of its successful landing. D．To send water or living things to Mars. 2．What is the main goal of China’s Tianwen-3 project? A．To land another rover on Mars. B．To bring back samples from Mars C．To study living things on Mars. D．To send some water or life to Mars. 3．What do China’s achievements in Mars exploration show? A．China is the first country to find life on Mars. B．China is the first country to find water on Mars. C．China is able to develop in deep space exploration. D．China has fully understood Mars' climate and geology. 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．China’s Zhurong Rover B．China’s Mars Exploration C．China’s Tianwen-3 Project D．Mars’ Climate and Geology 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国火星探索的成果与未来计划：2021年祝融号探测器登陆火星后发现了古代海洋的迹象，中国还在筹备2028年的天问三号项目以带回火星样本，这些探索既加深了人类对火星的认知，也展现了中国深空探索能力的提升。 1．文中第二段提到“The rover’s radar found types of soil similar to those on Earth’s beaches. This suggests that Mars’ northern area might have once been covered by a huge ocean.” ，可知祝融号探测器是通过发现与地球海滩相似的土壤类型，推断出火星古代海洋的迹象。 2．文中第三段提到“The Tianwen-3 project, planned for 2028, aims to bring back samples from Mars.”，可知天问三号项目的主要目标是从火星带回样本。 3．文中第四段提到“China’s achievements in Mars exploration have not only advanced scientific understanding but also shown its growing abilities in deep space exploration.”，可知中国火星探索的成就也体现了其深空探索能力的发展。 4．文章整体围绕中国的火星探索项目展开，包括祝融号的发现、天问三号的计划以及相关意义，所以最佳标题是China’s Mars exploration。 2.（2026·山东日照·一模）The 2026 Spring Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会), the most-watched annual TV show in China, brought a huge surprise to millions of viewers at home and abroad with its creative performance Wu BOT. This wonderful show perfectly put traditional Chinese martial arts (武术) and cutting-edge (尖端的) modern robot technology together, and it quickly became a top hot topic on Chinese social media after it was shown. In the 4-minute wonderful show, dozens of humanoid robots (人形机器人) took the stage side by side with real Chinese martial artists. These robots, developed by Yushu Technology, moved in perfect sync (同步) with each other and the human performers. They completed powerful kung fu moves, wonderful flips (空翻) and difficult stunts (特技动作) with amazing precision (精准度), including complex routines like stick skills and fist techniques. They could even finish a 360-degree turn in the air and land steadily, just like real experienced kung fu masters. It was the world’s first autonomous humanoid robot cluster martial arts performance. The live audience cheered loudly through the whole show, and many people recorded the exciting moments to share with their friends online. Behind the amazing show is the great effort of Chinese technology research teams. To make every robot’s move smooth and perfect, the team tested the robots thousands of times and solved hundreds of technical problems. Wu BOT is far more than just a wonderful stage performance. It carries a special cultural meaning: it helps to inherit (传承) traditional Chinese kung fu culture in a new and interesting way, and lets more teenagers fall in love with both traditional Chinese kung fu and modern technology. It also shows the strong innovation (创新) ability of China’s robot technology to the whole world. 1．What was special about the robots’ movements in the Wu BOT show? A．Not smooth at all. B．In perfect sync with others. C．Much slower than human performers. 2．What did the technology team do to make the robots’ moves perfect? A．They tested the robots thousands of times. B．They invited kung fu masters to train the robots. C．They played the show on social media repeatedly. 3．What can we learn from the passage about the Wu BOT show? A．The robots failed to do difficult kung fu stunts steadily. B．The show helps pass on Chinese kung fu culture in a new way. C．The show was not popular with teenagers after the Spring Festival Gala. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The development history of the Spring Festival Gala. B．The great changes of China’s robot technology. C．A popular show that mixes kung fu and robot technology. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了2026年央视春晚融合传统武术与尖端机器人技术的创意节目《Wu BOT》，讲述了其表演特点、技术研发背景及文化传承意义。 1．第2段提到“These robots… moved in perfect sync with each other and the human performers.”，说明机器人动作的特殊之处在于与其他表演者完美同步。 2．第3段提到“To make every robot’s move smooth and perfect, the team tested the robots thousands of times and solved hundreds of technical problems.”，说明技术团队为了让机器人动作完美，进行了数千次测试。 3．第3段提到“It carries a special cultural meaning: it helps to inherit traditional Chinese kung fu culture in a new and interesting way…”，说明这个节目以新的方式帮助传承中国功夫文化。 4．文章主要介绍了2026年春晚节目《Wu BOT》，这是一个融合了中国功夫与机器人技术的热门节目，核心内容是对该节目的介绍。 3.（2026·山东日照·一模） In early February 2026, ByteDance (字节跳动) launched its newest AI video model, Seedance 2.0. This amazing technology soon drew attention from all over the world. People praise it for its strong abilities, and it has become one of the most talked-about tech topics this year. What makes Seedance 2.0 so special? Well, it can make both videos and matching sounds at the same time, and the results are very natural. Its biggest advantage is multi-lens (多视角) storytelling. If you give it a short text or just one picture, it can create connected scenes. What’s more, it keeps the characters, lighting and style the same throughout the video. The model also supports 2K resolution (分辨率) and can take different kinds of inputs (输入), which makes making videos much easier and faster. When we compare Seedance 2.0 with other similar technologies like OpenAI’s Sora, it does much better in both speed and video quality. Industry experts say it is a useful tool for creators, not something that will take their place. It helps many fields develop, such as media, short plays and digital content creation. A serious worry appeared when tests showed that this model could make real-looking videos—even with matching voices—just from a photo. This made people worry a lot about identity theft (身份盗用) and privacy (隐私) problems. Because of this, ByteDance quickly stopped using this special function. Besides these problems, the technology still has some technical issues. For example, sometimes the movements in the videos are not natural. Seedance 2.0 is an important step forward in AI video development. It shows how fast the AI video field is developing and how China is becoming more important in global AI innovation (创新). At the same time, it makes us think about a very important question: how can we use such powerful technology safely and responsibly? 1．What is the biggest strength of Seedance 2.0? A．It is cheaper than other AI video models. B．It can produce videos with matching sound and connected scenes. C．It can completely replace human creators. 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Seedance 2.0 is worse than OpenAI’s Sora in video quality. B．Seedance 2.0 can only take text as input to create videos. C．Seedance 2.0 helps the development of media and short plays. 3．What is the passage mainly about? A．The disadvantages of AI video models. B．Ways to create AI videos safely. C．An introduction to Seedance 2.0 and its influences. 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．China is playing a more important role in global AI innovation. B．AI video development has stopped because of ethical problems. C．Powerful AI technology no longer needs strict rules. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了2026年2月初字节跳动发布的AI视频模型Seedance 2.0。 1．根据第2段中的“Well, it can make both videos and matching sounds at the same time, and the results are very natural. Its biggest advantage is multi-lens (多视角) storytelling.”可知，它可以制作具有匹配声音和连接场景的视频。 2．根据第3段中的“It helps many fields develop, such as media, short plays and digital content creation.”可知，它有助于媒体、短剧和数字内容创作。 3．根据第1段中的“In early February 2026, ByteDance (字节跳动) launched its newest AI video model, Seedance 2.0. This amazing technology soon drew attention from all over the world. People praise it for its strong abilities, and it has become one of the most talked-about tech topics this year.”可知，这篇文章主要是Seedance 2.0的介绍及其影响。 4．根据第5段中的“It shows how fast the AI video field is developing and how China is becoming more important in global AI innovation (创新).”可知，中国在全球AI创新中扮演更重要的角色。 4.（2026·山东滨州·一模） The 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala amazed people around the world with its cool mix of technology and traditional culture. Different from past years, the 2026 Gala used new technologies like AI, 3D projection and VR, wonderfully showing a new look of Chinese culture. The most shocking act was the “Wu BOT”. These 1.8-meter-tall H2 robots, wearing red martial arts robes (武术袍服), performed with students from Tagou Martial Arts School. They did backflips (后空翻), sword dances (剑舞), and even the classic Drunken Fist (醉拳). What amazed people most was that some robots even finished difficult moves while running, which no one had ever seen before in the world! This performance was not only a wonder of modern technology, but also a fascinating show of the beauty of Chinese martial arts. In another program, dancers moved to the beat of traditional folk music. 3D projections turned the whole stage (舞台) into a lively, old Chinese painting. It looked like the performers were walking inside a valuable work of art. At the same time, AI technology played a key role in “making history come alive”. It helped bring back the sounds of old musical instruments. People all lost themselves in the beautiful, classical songs that had been silent for hundreds of years. While using these new technologies, the Gala stayed true to the heart of traditional arts. And it showed many traditional art forms, such as Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera, folk songs and fine paper cuttings. These acts were much more than just fun to watch. They were lively ties to our past. They carried the deep memories and feelings that Chinese people have for their hometowns and cultural roots. The 2026 Spring Festival Gala showed us technology is not here to take the place of our traditions, but a good tool that makes them shine even brighter. By mixing the old and the new, we can pass on Chinese traditional culture to the young in a more creative way. 1．What was the most amazing part about the “Wu BOT” performance? A．They wore red martial arts robes. B．They danced with martial arts students. C．They did difficult moves while running. 2．Why did the writer mention Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera and paper cuttings? A．To compare them with the robot show. B．To show the Gala still values traditional arts. C．To explain how AI was used in each performance. 3．What does the writer think of the role of technology in culture? A．It has no place in cultural events. B．It can make traditions more creative. C．It might take the place of traditional performances. 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of this passage? （①=Paragraph1, ②=Paragraph2...） A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②/③/④⑤ C．①/②③/④⑤ 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了2026年央视春晚如何将科技与传统文化结合，让传统文化焕发新生。 1．由“What amazed people most was that some robots even finished difficult moves while running, which no one had ever seen before in the world!”可知，“Wu BOT”表演最令人惊叹的部分是机器人在奔跑时完成了高难度动作。 2．由“While using these new technologies, the Gala stayed true to the heart of traditional arts. And it showed many traditional art forms, such as Peking Opera, Kunqu Opera, folk songs and fine paper cuttings.”可知，作者提到京剧、昆曲和剪纸等艺术形式，是为了说明春晚依然坚守传统艺术的核心，重视传统艺术。 3．由“The 2026 Spring Festival Gala showed us technology is not here to take the place of our traditions, but a good tool that makes them shine even brighter. By mixing the old and the new, we can pass on Chinese traditional culture to the young in a more creative way.”可知，作者认为科技是让传统文化更闪耀的工具，能让传统文化以更具创意的方式传承下去。 4．综合全文可知，文章第一段总起，点明2026年春晚用新技术展现中国文化新面貌；第二、三段分别介绍了两个具体的科技与传统结合的节目；第四段说明春晚在使用新技术的同时仍坚守传统艺术核心；第五段总结科技对传承传统文化的作用。因此，本文属于“总—分—总”结构。 抢分02 科普知识 1.（2026·山东日照·一模）Have you noticed a new kind of running shoes at school recently? Many students are wearing them. They look very cool, have thick soles (鞋底), and cost a lot of money. People call them “carbon plate” shoes. Some young runners believe these shoes are magic. They think, “If I wear these, I will run faster and get better marks in PE class.” But there is a secret about these shoes that you should know. These shoes are not just normal trainers. They are like powerful machines for your feet. Inside the thick foam (泡沫), there is a hard plate made of a material called carbon. This plate is very hard. It works like a strong spring. When a runner steps down, the plate bends and then pushes the runner forward with a lot of energy. This is wonderful for professional athletes who run marathons. However, for a student like you, this “magic” might actually be dangerous. Why are they dangerous? The problem is that your body is still changing. As a teenager, your foot bones are not fully hard yet. They are still growing. Because the carbon plate is so stiff, it does not move easily. Instead, it forces your foot into a fixed shape. If you wear them every day, the shoe fights against your natural foot movement. This can cause serious trouble. Doctors are now seeing many children with foot injuries because of these shoes. If you wear them to walk to school or play with friends, your feet can get hurt. You might feel a sharp pain in your ankles (脚踝) or your knees. So, what should you do? It is okay to wear them for a short race if you are a serious runner. But please do not wear them all day long. For walking and playing, simple and soft sneakers (运动鞋) are much better. They let your feet move freely. Remember, cool shoes are nice, but healthy feet are the most important thing! 1．Why do many students like wearing “carbon plate” shoes? A．Because the shoes are cool, have thick soles and cost a lot. B．Because students need to practice running to get high marks every day. C．Because the shoes are magical and good for teenagers’ feet. 2．How do the shoes work when a runner steps down? A．The soles are thick enough to give the magic power to runners. B．The plate bends and then pushes the runner forward with lots of energy. C．The carbon plate is so hard, and it can move easily and lightly. 3．Liang Hanchang and his good friends are the students in No.1 Shiyan Middle School. They like wearing “carbon plate” shoes every day. What will you say to them according to the main idea of the passage? A．“The shoes are so cool, and they fit you so well.” B．“They must be very comfortable, and you can run very fast.” C．“You are still growing and the shoes may hurt your ankles or knees.” 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．The Hidden Dangers of Teen “Super Shoes” B．The Professional Skills of Running C．The Future of Teen Health 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【原文】本文以学校里流行的“碳板鞋”为切入点，介绍了其外观、核心工作原理及潜在风险。并给出具体建议。 1．第一段“They look very cool, have thick soles, and cost a lot of money…They think, ‘If I wear these, I will run faster and get better marks in PE class.’”直接说明学生喜欢这种鞋的原因之一是外观。 2．第二段“When a runner steps down, the plate bends and then pushes the runner forward with a lot of energy.”说明了这种鞋的工作原理。 3．第三段“The problem is that your body is still changing. As a teenager, your foot bones are not fully hard yet. They are still growing.”及第四段“If you wear them to walk to school or play with friends, your feet can get hurt. You might feel a sharp pain in your ankles or your knees.”说明青少年身体还在发育，每天穿碳板鞋会伤脚、脚踝或膝盖，因此可推知会说“You are still growing and the shoes may hurt your ankles or knees.” 4．文章介绍“碳板鞋”的特点，重点阐述其对青少年的潜在危害，并给出使用建议，选项A符合文章主旨。 2.（2026·山东济南·一模）The Shenzhou XVI team, with their remarkable experiences, generously shared their space stories with the public offering a fascinating glimpse into the world of space exploration. The crew consists of three outstanding members. Jing Haipeng, a highly-skilled pilot, is China’s most experienced astronaut. His calmness and expertise (专业知识) are crucial during the mission. Zhu Yangzhu, an engineer. brings his technical know-how to ensure the smooth operation (运作) of various systems. Gui Haichao, China’s first civilian (平民) astronaut, represents a new chapter in China’s space endeavors, adding a unique perspective to the team. They arrived at China’s Tiangong Space Station in May 2023, ready to embark on their five-month space journey Jing Haipeng explained that his main focus was on guiding the ship’s direction and overseeing the space station’s operations. Meanwhile, his partners concentrated on their respective fields. To maintain their well-being in the challenging space environment, they adhered strictly to (坚持) their exercise and eating plans, which were carefully designed to keep both their physical and mental health in top condition. Engineer Zhu elaborated on the huge challenge they faced: achieving “zero mistake in daily operations”. This required quick and effective problem-solving skills, in depth knowledge of the space station, and professional expertise. He emphasized (强调) the power of teamwork, as they constantly checked and reminded one another to ensure the accuracy of every task. Gui was excited to share that they had completed over 7 space, experiments and research projects, bringing back a wealth of valuable samples. His pride in contributing to China’s space research was obvious (显而易见的). Chinese astronauts have been progressing gradually and they will find out more and realize even bigger dreams with greater courage and knowledge. 1．What was the biggest challenge for Engineer Zhu during the Shenzhou XVI mission? A．Adapting to the space environment. B．Completing a large number of space experiments. C．Ensuring zero mistakes in daily operations. D．Communicating with the ground control effectively. 2．What did the astronauts do to keep their physical and mental health in good condition? A．Focus on the direction of the ship. B．Focus on their own areas. C．Follow their exercise and diet plans. D．Learn to solve problems quickly. 3．Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage? A．Informative and inspiring. B．Critical and objective. C．Humorous and light-hearted. D．Doubtful and cautious. 4．From the passage, we can infer that ________. A．civilian astronauts have more advantages in space research B．no space experiments or research projects were completed C．the three astronauts' tasks were independent of each other D．China’s space exploration is constantly evolving with new members and achievements 5．What is the structure of the passage? (P =Paragraph) A．B．C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文介绍神舟十六号乘组，讲述他们的成员构成、在空间站的任务分工，以及他们为保持身心健康坚持锻炼和饮食计划，还提及完成众多实验、带回样本，展现中国宇航员不断进步，中国太空探索持续发展。 1．细节理解题。根据“Engineer Zhu elaborated on the huge challenge they faced: achieving ‘zero mistake in daily operations’.”可知，朱杨柱面临的最大挑战是日常操作零失误。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“To maintain their well-being in the challenging space environment, they adhered strictly to (坚持) their exercise and eating plans”可知，宇航员通过坚持锻炼和饮食计划保持身心健康。故选C。 3．推理判断题。通读原文可知，文章介绍神舟十六号乘组的经历、任务等信息，同时体现中国太空探索的成就与希望，能给人鼓舞。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Chinese astronauts have been progressing gradually and they will find out more and realize even bigger dreams with greater courage and knowledge.”以及乘组的新成员和成就，可推断中国的航天事业不断发展壮大，不断取得新成果。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。通读原文可知，第一段总述神舟十六号乘组分享太空故事及成员构成；第二、三、四段分别介绍景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮的任务等；第五段总结中国宇航员不断进步。结构是总分总。故选A。 3.（25-26九年级下·山东德州·月考）A special event happened in some parts of the world. People in North America, South America, Western Europe, and Western Africa saw it. On March 14, 2025, the night sky had a red moon. This is called a Blood Moon. It happens during a total lunar eclipse (月全食), which only takes place during the full moon. The eclipse lasted more than 3.5 hours. The total eclipse was visible for about one hour. A total lunar eclipse happens when the earth is between the sun and the moon. The earth’s shadow makes the moon look red. The moon also looks darker because it does not shine with sunlight. Sunlight has seven colors. Some colors, like blue and green, do not reach the moon because they scatter (分散) in the earth’s air. But red and orange can travel far and make the moon look red. If there is a lot of dust or clouds in the air, the moon looks even redder. Are there other types of lunar eclipses? Yes, there are two more: a partial lunar eclipse and a penumbral (半影的) lunar eclipse. A partial lunar eclipse happens when the earth blocks only part of the sunlight, which makes a shadow on part of the moon. A penumbral lunar eclipse happens when the moon moves through a light shadow of the earth. This makes the moon a little darker, but the change is very small, so it is hard to see. NASA says the earth has two to four lunar eclipses every year. ▲ Total lunar eclipses happen every 2.5 years. An eclipse season lasts about 34 to 35 days. In each season, there is one solar eclipse and one lunar eclipse. In 2025, there will be two eclipse seasons: one in March and the other in September. The earth moves around the sun in an oval (椭圆的) shape, while the moon moves around the earth at a small angle (5 degrees). If the moon’s movement was not tilted (倾斜的), we would see at least two eclipses (one solar and one lunar) every month. 1．Why does the moon appear darker during a total lunar eclipse? A．Because the earth blocks all sunlight. B．Because the moon shines with its own light. C．Because there is much dust in the air. D．Because the moon doesn’t reflect sunlight directly. 2．What can we learn about a partial lunar eclipse? A．It’s hard to notice the change. B．A shadow is partly made on the moon. C．Blue and green make the moon look redder. D．The moon moves through a light shadow of the earth. 3．Which of the following can be put into “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 4? A．People can only see lunar eclipses at night. B．Lunar eclipses are more interesting than solar eclipses. C．Each eclipse can be seen from about half of the earth. D．The color of the moon during a lunar eclipse is always the same. 4．What main method does the writer adopt to explain a lunar eclipse? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By comparing different types of eclipses. 5．What’s the best title for this passage? A．The mystery of lunar eclipses B．The beauty of the red moon C．The different types of eclipses D．The movement of the earth 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了月食的形成原理、主要种类及其发生频率与原因。 1．第二段提到“A total lunar eclipse happens when the earth is between the sun and the moon. The earth’s shadow makes the moon look red. The moon also looks darker because it does not shine with sunlight”，明确说明月全食时地球位于太阳和月球之间，月球无法直接反射太阳光，因此看起来更暗。 2．第三段提到“A partial lunar eclipse happens when the earth blocks only part of the sunlight, which makes a shadow on part of the moon”，说明地球只挡住部分阳光，会在月球表面形成部分阴影。 3．空格前提到“NASA says the earth has two to four lunar eclipses every year”，说明NASA表示地球每年有两次到四次月食，空格后又提到“Total lunar eclipses happen every 2.5 years. An eclipse season lasts about 34 to 35 days”，详细说明月全食发生的规律，C项进一步说明月食的可见范围，与上下文逻辑连贯。 4．第二段提到“A total lunar eclipse happens when the earth is between the sun and the moon…”，第三段又提到“Are there other types of lunar eclipses? Yes, there are two more: a partial lunar eclipse and a penumbral lunar eclipse…”，说明本文在介绍月食时，不仅介绍 了月全食，还介绍了月偏食和半影月食，并对比了其不同之处，如形成原因、现象等方面的差异。由此可推断，作者主要通过比较不同类型的月食来展开对月食的解释的。 5．全文从血月引入，介绍了月食的成因、种类、发生规律等相关知识，The mystery of lunar eclipses可以涵盖全文核心。 4.（2025·山东东营·中考真题） What is a grassland? A grassland is a biome (生物群落区) that is covered with grasses. Grass is everything to a grassland. Grass is food for animals. Grass can keep the grassland warm and wet. Grass stops the wind from blowing away the soil (土壤). There are two kinds of grasslands. Temperate grasslands are one kind. Temperate means the environment has a mild climate (温和气候) and four seasons. Temperate grasslands have rich soil. Tropical grasslands are the other kind. Tropical means the environment is near the equator and is warm all year round. Tropical grasslands have a rainy season and a dry season. They usually have more trees and poorer soil than temperate grasslands. Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters. With so little rain, the land can dry out. Fires can start easily. What adaptations (适应性) help grassland plants and animals survive (存活)? Different grasslands have different kinds of grasses. However, nearly all grassland grasses have adaptations to growing well in dry conditions. Grasses have deep roots. The roots can take in water and keep nutrients (营养). When a fire burns, everything above ground is destroyed (破坏). Down below, the roots survive. They hold on to their water and nutrients. After a fire, new stalks can grow from the roots. The old, dead grass becomes part of soil. Gradually, the soil gets richer and richer. Most grasses have adaptations to growing from the roots. This helps them survive and grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. Trees that grow in tropical grasslands also have adaptations that help them survive. For example, the baobab tree grows leaves only during the wet season. It loses its leaves during the dry season. Many kinds of animals live in grasslands. All of them have adaptations that help them survive. Some grassland animals have flat teeth for eating grass. For example, with their flat teeth, zebras bite off (咬下) the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut. 1．What plays the most important role in a grassland? A．The tree. B．The soil. C．The grass. D．The animal. 2．What do the two kinds of grasslands have in common? A．The kind of grasses. B．The kind of climate. C．The number of seasons. D．The low yearly rainfall. 3．What can help grass grow well in dry conditions? A．Big fires. B．Deep roots. C．Rich soil. D．New stalks. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Zebras use flat teeth for biting off grasses. B．After a fire, the grass on the grassland dies forever. C．The leaves of the baobab trees drop during the wet season. D．Most grasses can’t grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. 5．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Life in the grassland. B．Fires in the grassland. C．Plants in the grassland. D．Climate of the grassland. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了草原的生物族群、草原类型、草原上的动植物及其适应性等。 1．细节理解题。根据“A grassland is a biome (生物群落区) that is covered with grasses. Grass is everything to a grassland.”可知，草在草原上起着最重要的作用。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters. With so little rain, the land can dry out. Fires can start easily.”可知，两种草原的共同点是年降雨量低。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Grasses have deep roots. The roots can take in water and keep nutrients (营养). However, nearly all grassland grasses have adaptations to growing well in dry conditions.”可知，深根有助于草在干燥条件下生长良好。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Some grassland animals have flat teeth for eating grass. For example, with their flat teeth, zebras bite off (咬下) the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut.”可知，斑马用扁平的牙齿咬下草。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了草原的生物群落、草原类型、草原上的动植物及其适应性等，主要讲的是草原上的生命。故选A。 5.（25-26九年级下·山东济宁·月考）An old saying used for forecasting (预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, sailors’ delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors (水手) take warning.” Is the saying true? It turns out that it is. A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming. Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming. If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure (压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way. Smell the flowers— their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing? Are they moving to higher ground? This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high? Falling air pressure may influence birds’ ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day! 1．What is the old saying about? A．The beauty of sunrise. B．The night sky. C．The signs of the weather. D．The sailors’work. 2．What does the underlined word “meteorologists” mean? A．The persons who give daily weather reports on TV. B．The persons who carry out research on natural history. C．The persons who take an interest in plants and animals. D．The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions. 3．What do we know from the last paragraph? A．It’ll be sunny if ants move to higher places. B．The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air. C．Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure. D．It’ll rain if rainbows form in the west at sunrise. 4．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text? A．To encourage people to get close to nature. B．To express the need for weather forecasting. C．To explain nature can tell us about the weather. D．To discuss how important weather forecasting is. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气。 1．推理判断题。根据“A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming.”可知，日落时的红色天空可能意味着太阳落山的西方天空晴朗。日出时天空呈红色通常意味着晴朗的天气已经过去，因此暴风雨可能即将来临。所以这句谚语是关于天气的迹象，故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前).”可知，提前发布准确的预报的应该是气象学家，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air.”可知，闻闻花——它们的气味在潮湿的空气中更强烈。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气，是在解释自然可以告诉我们天气情况。故选C。 6.（2026·山东济南·一模）Having a big lobster (龙虾) meal and lots of fun on the North Shore is a great way to celebrate! On Oct 10. people in Prince Edward Island, Canada, enjoyed a lively lobster party to celebrate the lobster-catching season. Tickets were $125 (about 880 yuan) per person. People gathered there, chatting and laughing while savoring delicious lobsters. However, lobster hasn’t always been expensive. In the book Lobster: A Global History by food writer Elisabeth Townsend, lobster was once considered “survival food”. It was only eaten when people were very hungry because there were so many of them and it wasn’t easy to keep them fresh. In fact, some people didn’t want to eat lobster because how scary it looked. They thought its strange shape and sharp claws were off-putting. As global sea trade grew, lobster became a favorite among European nobles. Since it had to be shipped alive, only those with wealth and power could afford it. By the 16th and 17th centuries, art began to show how popular it was. Still-life painters like Dutch artist Willem Kalf included lobsters in their paintings to show wealthy people’s luxurious lifestyle. These paintings often described sumptuous banquets (豪华宴会)with lobsters as the centerpiece. By the early 1900s, lobster was a symbol of luxury (奢侈). It was reported that the rich businessman Diamond Jim Brady ate six or seven lobsters in one sitting. His indulgence (沉溺) in lobster became a well-known anecdote (轶事), further fueling the perception of lobster as a high-end delicacy. Over time, lobster became widely seen as a special treat. People all around the world want to taste it. It also has different meanings in different places: In some cultures, lobster is seen as a symbol of long life because of its curved back while in others it stands for power because of its hard shell. Lobster isn’t just for eating anymore—it has become a cultural symbol representing celebration, luxury and diverse (多样的) cultural values. 1．Why was lobster seen as “survival food” in history? A．It was generally expensive. B．It was difficult to catch. C．It looked scary and tasted bad. D．It was common and hard to keep fresh. 2．The author mentions “Diamond Jim Brady” in Paragraph 4 to ________. A．prove that lobster is good for health B．criticize rich people’s eating habits C．talk about the history of eating lobster D．show lobster was popular among the rich 3．In which of the following artworks are you most likely to find a lobster? A．A portrait of a commoner. B．A landscape painting of a beach. C．A still-life painting of a banquet. D．A modern abstract painting. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．People around the world enjoy eating lobster. B．There are now many different species of lobster. C．Lobster has different cultural meanings across the world. D．Lobster has become a symbol of power in some cultures. 5．Which of the following statements can prove that lobster is a symbol of luxury? A．People in Canada, enjoyed a lively lobster party to celebrate the lobster-catching season. B．Lobster was only eaten when people were very hungry because there were so many of them. C．Since lobster had to be shipped alive, only those with wealth and power could afford it. D．Lobster isn’t just for eating anymore—it has become a cultural symbol. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文围绕龙虾展开，讲述其从历史上被视为“生存食物”，到随全球海洋贸易发展成为欧洲贵族喜爱的食物，再到19世纪初成为奢侈象征，以及如今在不同文化中有不同含义，最终成为代表庆祝、奢侈和多样文化价值的文化符号的演变历程。 1．细节理解题。根据“lobster was once considered ‘survival food’. It was only eaten when people were very hungry because there were so many of them and it wasn’t easy to keep them fresh.”可知，说明龙虾因数量多且难保鲜，过去被当作生存食物。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“By the early 1900s, lobster was a symbol of luxury (奢侈). It was reported that the rich businessman Diamond Jim Brady ate six or seven lobsters in one sitting.”可知，举Diamond Jim Brady的例子是为说明龙虾在富人中受欢迎，体现其奢侈象征。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Still-life painters like Dutch artist Willem Kalf included lobsters in their paintings to show wealthy people’s luxurious lifestyle. These paintings often described sumptuous banquets (豪华宴会) with lobsters as the centerpiece.”可知，在描绘豪华宴会的静物画中可能找到龙虾。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Lobster isn’t just for eating anymore—it has become a cultural symbol representing celebration, luxury and diverse (多样的) cultural values.”以及前文提到不同文化中龙虾的不同含义，可知主要讲龙虾在全球有不同文化意义。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“As global sea trade grew, lobster became a favorite among European nobles. Since it had to be shipped alive, only those with wealth and power could afford it.”可知，说明因需活体运输，只有富贵者能负担，体现龙虾是奢侈象征。故选C。 7.（2026·山东济南·一模）When autumn arrives in the United States and Canada, you can see one of nature’s greatest scenes—the yearly migration (迁徙) of the monarch butterflies (帝王蝶). No other butterfly in the world migrates like the orange and black monarch of North America. They can not live for long periods in cold weather. So each autumn around October, the butterflies travel up to 3,000 kilometers south to spend winter. Some even fly to the mountains of Mexico. It usually takes the butterflies two months to reach Mexico. When it is warm, they start to back north in the spring. But not one butterfly finishes the whole trip. They lay eggs along the way and die. “It might take the monarchs as many as four to five generations (代) to complete the journey all the way back up to Canada,” says Sarina Jepsen, who directs the endangered species program for the Xerces Society. The most amazing thing about these butterflies is that they return to the very same trees in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used for the winter before. However, the number of these colorful butterflies has dropped in recent years. The US Fish and Wildlife Service said that nearly a billion monarchs have disappeared from overwintering sites (越冬地点) since 1990, the Washington Post reported, one of the main reasons, experts say, is that farmers have used herbicides (除草剂) on the milkweed (马利筋) plants that these butterflies feed on… 1．How is paragraph 2 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By explaining the reasons. D．By comparing the differences. 2．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean? A．People are interested in the lifestyle of monarch butterflies. B．It’s hard for the monarch butterflies to complete the migration. C．People wonder how the monarch butterflies complete the journey. D．Sarina Jepsen encourages people to protect the monarch butterflies. 3．What’s the most amazing thing about the monarch butterflies? A．They can fly up to 3,000 km. B．They feed on milkweed plants. C．They lay eggs along the way and die. D．They return to the same trees as their ancestors. 4．What is the main reason for the drop in the number of butterflies? A．Less food. B．Bad weather. C．Air pollution. D．Climate change. 5．What might the writer talk about next? A．How to describe the life of the monarch butterflies. B．How to research the monarch butterflies. C．How to protect the monarch butterflies. D．How to catch more monarch butterflies. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北美帝王蝶每年秋季迁徙到南方越冬、春季再返回北方的习性，以及近年来帝王蝶数量减少的原因，并暗示了保护帝王蝶的必要性。 1．文章第二段提到“the butterflies travel up to 3,000 kilometers south to spend winter”和“It usually takes the butterflies two months to reach Mexico.”，通过列举具体的迁徙距离和时间，说明了帝王蝶迁徙的情况，因此该段是通过列举数字来展开的。 2．文章第三段提到“But not one butterfly finishes the whole trip. They lay eggs along the way and die.”和“It might take the monarchs as many as four to five generations to complete the journey all the way back up to Canada”，说明帝王蝶无法独自完成整个迁徙过程，需要多代蝴蝶接力完成，因此划线句子的意思是帝王蝶完成迁徙很困难。 3．文章第四段提到“The most amazing thing about these butterflies is that they return to the very same trees in Mexico that their great-great-grandparents used for the winter before.”，说明帝王蝶最令人惊奇的事情是它们会返回到与祖先相同的树上越冬。 4．文章第四段提到“one of the main reasons, experts say, is that farmers have used herbicides on the milkweed plants that these butterflies feed on”，说明帝王蝶数量减少的主要原因是农民对帝王蝶赖以生存的马利筋植物使用了除草剂，导致食物减少。 5．文章最后一段提到帝王蝶数量减少的问题，并暗示了人类活动对帝王蝶生存环境的影响，因此作者接下来很可能会讨论如何保护帝王蝶。 抢分03 传统文化 1.（2026·山东济南·一模）This is a typical day for Yang Jinlong. At 9 am, he drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban. It is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling to the rhythm (节奏) of bamboo clappers (响板), which the art form is named after. Sometimes, he helps students prepare for competitions. Usually, his classes run until about 6 pm, and then he returns home to prepare classes for the next day. On June 10, 2021, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) items in Beijing, increasing the list to 1,557 items. Shaanxi kuaiban, which appeared during the late Qing Dynasty, has been included. The art form has been introduced to some local schools as part of their art education. Yang was born on May 18th, 1976. He has been teaching young people the art form since 2003 after graduating from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts in Beijing. He studied quyi there. Quyi is a general term for Chinese folk art forms, including storytelling, crosstalk and clapper talk. “Art education is important for students in China. Just as many students learn to play Western musical instruments like the piano and violin, there are many people learning traditional Chinese folk arts, including Shaanxi kuaiban, which I’ll work for my whole life,” he said. Kuaiban is popular in northern China, including Beijing and Tianjin. According to Yang, Shaanxi kuaiban was influenced by the art of different areas. The art form can be played by a group of players or only one. With one or two pairs of kuaiban of different sizes in hand, the players speak the local dialect (方言) while telling stories, which are usually about heroes. The player tells stories while playing kuaiban, and it’s easy for the watchers to remember the stories since all the lines rhyme. Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country. 1．Why is today a typical day for Yang Jinlong? A．He prepares for competitions. B．He follows his daily life of teaching. C．He visits schools in Beijing. D．He learns new forms of quyi. 2．When was Shaanxi kuaiban chosen in the national intangible cultural heritage list? A．In 2003. B．On May 18, 1976. C．On June 10, 2021. D．In the late Qing Dynasty. 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Shaanxi kuaiban is named after Shaanxi dialect. B．Kuaiban is popular in southern China. C．Some schools in Xi’an have set up Shaanxi Kuaiban classes. D．Yang has been teaching students in Beijing after graduating.. 4．Which of the following best describes Yang Jinlong? A．Responsible. B．Creative. C．Patient. D．Brave. 5．What’s the purpose of the text? A．To show how to play Shaanxi kuaiban. B．To compare Chinese and Western arts. C．To encourage students to learn kuaiban for competitions. D．To praise the work of spreading traditional Chinese art. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了陕西快板传承人杨锦龙的日常工作，以及陕西快板入选国家级非物质文化遗产的消息，赞扬了他传承传统艺术的付出。 1．第1段提到“This is a typical day for Yang Jinlong. At 9 a.m., he drives to primary schools and middle schools... his classes run until about 6 pm, then he returns home to prepare classes for the next day”，说明这一天他遵循着日常的教学生活。 2．第2段提到“On June 10, 2021, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced 325 national intangible cultural heritage items... Shaanxi kuaiban... has been included”，说明陕西快板是在2021年6月10日入选的。 3．第2段提到“The art form has been introduced to some local schools as part of their art education”，对应选项C；第1段提到“it is a traditional Chinese form of storytelling to the rhythm of bamboo clappers, which the art form is named after”，说明陕西快板因竹板节奏得名，并非因方言得名，排除A；第4段提到“Kuaiban is popular in northern China”，排除B；第3段提到“He drives to primary schools and middle schools in Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, to teach students about Shaanxi kuaiban”，说明他在西安教学，排除D。 4．第1段和第3段提到他每天往返学校授课、备课，还说“I’ll work for my whole life”，体现出他对传承艺术的责任心。 5．全文通过介绍杨锦龙的工作和陕西快板的传承现状，最后一段提到“Thanks to artists like Yang, this traditional Chinese form of storytelling is passed on and stays alive in our country”，目的是赞扬传播中国传统艺术的工作。 抢分04 其他 1.（2026·山东聊城·一模）In December 2020, the “quiet carriage” (静音车厢) service was first introduced on some trains of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway. Up to June 2024, this service has expanded to the Beijing-Guangzhou, Beijing-Harbin, Shanghai-Kunming and other high-speed railways. The “quiet carriages” feature (以……为特色) silent videos and announcements made at a low volume (音量). Doors at both ends of the carriage are closed to reduce noise from outside. During the trip, passengers must wear earphones or turn off loudspeakers when using electronic devices. They also need to leave their seats to make or answer calls. Their phones should be set to silent or vibrate mode (振动模式). For those travelling with children, they must take care of them and keep them quiet. Mr. Li, a Chengdu local, said, “I make at least one round trip a week between Chengdu and Chongqing for work. I sometimes need to focus on my work or get some rest during the hour-long trip. The quiet carriage is a good choice for me.” “When I booked the tickets, I first saw the option (选项) for the ‘quiet carriage’. Even though not everyone believes it will make any difference, I wanted to give it a shot,” said Miss Mou, who took the train from Beijing to Shanghai. “When I entered the carriage for the first time, signs reminding passengers to keep quiet were everywhere, and it was really much quieter than the other carriages.” Experts say that the “quiet carriage” service provides passengers with more value-added choices. It not only helps passengers to follow public order and respect the rights of others, but also creates a more civilized (文明的) travelling environment. 1．On which high-speed railways was the “quiet carriage” service first introduced in December 2020? A．Beijing-Shanghai and Beijing-Harbin. B．Beijing-Guangzhou and Beijing-Harbin. C．Beijing-Shanghai and Chengdu-Chongqing. 2．What are passengers required to do when making or answering calls in the quiet carriage? A．Speak loudly. B．Leave their seats to make or answer calls. C．Turn up the loudspeakers. 3．Which of the following is TRUE about the “quiet carriages”? A．There’s no kid in these carriages. B．Phones are not allowed to be used in these carriages. C．They create a much quieter space for passengers. 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．The history of high-speed rail development. B．The ways to keep silent on high-speed trains. C．The introduction and development of the quiet carriage. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【知识点】新闻报道、交通方式 【导语】本文介绍了中国高铁“静音车厢”服务的推出、扩展情况、具体规则以及乘客的体验和专家的评价。 1．第一段指出：“the ‘quiet carriage’ service was first introduced on some trains of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway and the Chengdu-Chongqing high-speed railway.”，说明最初在京沪高铁和成渝高铁上推出。 2．第二段指出：“They also need to leave their seats to make or answer calls.”，说明乘客需要离开座位接打电话。 3．第四段引用牟女士的话：“it was really much quieter than the other carriages”，说明静音车厢为乘客创造了更安静的空间。 4．全文围绕静音车厢服务展开，介绍了其推出、扩展、规则及乘客反馈，因此主要讲静音车厢的介绍与发展。 2.（2026·山东聊城·一模）“Look in my eyes. Tell me why.” Have you found yourself listening to “ancient people” online recently? Creative vloggers (视频博主) are using AI technology to bring famous people from history like Tang Dynasty poets Li Bai and Du Fu “back to life”. These videos have become popular, showing these ancient icons (偶像) speaking in modern language. In one video, Du Fu talks about his experience during the An-Shi Rebellion (755-763). In another, Ming Dynasty medical expert Li Shizhen makes fun of modern lifestyles like trying to be healthy by drinking goji berry (枸杞) water but still staying up late. “The videos make me want to learn more about important ancient people. I didn’t know much about their stories before,” said Wang Jiayi, 15, from Shandong. The new trend (趋势) isn’t for everyone, however. The way these ancient people speak, in high tones and always asking questions, annoys some people. “They’re too pushy (咄咄逼人的), which is different from how they really were,” said 14-year-old Wang Shuotong from Jiangsu. Xia Boen, 14, from Hubei, felt the same. But he was surprised to find that he “remembered almost everything they said about their experiences and achievements” thanks to the speaking style in the videos. These videos use a more modern way to let ancient people “speak for themselves”. However, “we should be careful with these videos, making sure they are not sharing wrong information,” noted Nanfang Daily. 1．What historical event does Du Fu talk about in the video? A．The Tang Dynasty. B．The An-Shi Rebellion. C．Drinking goji berry water. 2．How does Wang Jiayi feel about the videos? A．Interested. B．Confused. C．Bored. 3．What does Wang Shuotong think about the way the ancient people speak in the videos? A．It is too pushy. B．It is very realistic. C．It is too quiet. 4．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To explain how to make historical videos. B．To compare ancient and modern lifestyles. C．To introduce a new trend of bringing ancient people “back to life” through AI. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了视频博主使用AI技术让古代名人“复活”并用现代语言表达的新趋势，展示了不同人对这一现象的看法。 1．第二段指出：“Du Fu talks about his experience during the An-Shi Rebellion”，说明杜甫在视频中谈论的是安史之乱。 2．第三段引用王佳怡的话：“The videos make me want to learn more about important ancient people”，说明她对视频感兴趣。 3．第四段王烁彤指出：“They’re too pushy, which is different from how they really were”，说明她认为视频中古人的说话方式太咄咄逼人。 4．全文围绕AI技术让古代名人“复活”这一新趋势展开，介绍了视频内容、不同人的看法以及需要注意的问题，因此目的是介绍这一新趋势。 3.（25-26九年级下·山东济南·月考）Scientists from Flinders University have found a skull (头骨) of a giant bird called Genyornis newtoni, which lived 45,000 years ago in South Australia. This skull is one of only two ever discovered. The first one was found in 1913 but was just a small part. So for many years, not much was known about this giant bird. However, in a new study published in the journal Historical Biology, researchers from the university have discovered some important information about how this ancient bird looked and lived. “With this new skull, we can start to understand this bird better. This bird weighed about 230 kilograms and could not fly. And it looked very different from other birds, yet similar to a goose,” Phoebe, one of the researchers, said. The new-skull shows that it had a short head bone and a large jaw (下颌), which gave it a different look from other birds. The joints (关节) in the skull are highly flexible, allowing the bird to open its mouth wide, as parrots can. The way its jaw muscles (肌肉) were organized suggests it could bite harder than the researchers thought before. The structure (结构) of the skull also supports ideas about what this bird ate. It probably preferred soft plants, such as fresh shoots and fruits. The study also shows that the structure is suitable for feeding in water. For example, it had a palate (腭) near its eyes, which helped keep water out while the bird was feeding. These findings suggest that Genyornis newtoni lived in wet environments, such as rivers, wetlands, and lakes. 1．What is special about the newly found skull of Genyornis newtoni? A．It is the biggest bird skull ever found. B．It is the only skull ever found. C．It shows how the bird looked and lived. D．It was found over 100 years ago. 2．Where did Genyornis newtoni most likely live? A．In wet places like lakes. B．On high mountains. C．In dry deserts. D．In deep forests. 3．Which of the following can replace the meaning of underlined word “flexible”? A．Hard. B．Tiny. C．Soft. D．Clear. 4．What can we infer about Genyornis newtoni’s diet? A．It ate hard nuts and seeds. B．It preferred soft plants and fruits. C．It only ate small animals. D．It drank water but did not eat. 5．In which part of a magazine can you read this passage? A．History. B．Discovery C．New technology. D．Animal protection. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科学家发现了一种45000年前巨型鸟类的头骨，据此研究了其外形、生活习性及生存环境。 1．第二段指出：“researchers...have discovered some important information about how this ancient bird looked and lived.”，说明新发现头骨的特别之处在于它能展示这种鸟类的样貌和生活方式。 2．最后一段指出：“These findings suggest that Genyornis newtoni lived in wet environments, such as rivers, wetlands, and lakes.”，可知这种鸟最可能生活在湖泊等潮湿的地方。 3．第四段提到：“The joints in the skull are highly flexible, allowing the bird to open its mouth wide”，能张大嘴说明关节灵活、可弯曲，“ flexible”与“soft”都有“易弯曲的”的含义。 4．第六段指出：“It probably preferred soft plants, such as fresh shoots and fruits.”，因此它的饮食偏好是软质植物和水果。 5．本文介绍了一种新发现的巨型鸟类头骨及其相关研究成果，属于科学发现类内容，因此最可能出现在杂志的“Discovery”部分。 2 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $