考前押题05 语法填空6大常考话题（期中复习专项训练）高二英语下学期译林版

专题05 七选五6大常考话题 话题1 传统文化与遗产保护 话题4 人与自然和谐共生 话题2 科技前沿与数字生活 话题5 科学探索与思维品质 话题3 健康成长与心理健康 话题6 校园生活与未来规划 话题1 传统文化与遗产保护 Passage 1 The Wisdom Behind Suzhou’s Classical Gardens Suzhou’s classical gardens, widely regarded as the pinnacle of Chinese landscape design, offer visitors more than just beautiful scenery. 1. ______ (create) during the Song and Ming dynasties, these gardens were built as peaceful private houses 2. ______ scholars and artists could escape the pressures of official life. 3.________ Western gardens, which emphasize symmetry and open lawns, Suzhou gardens feature winding paths, irregularly shaped ponds, and carefully placed rocks. One of the most impressive techniques is “borrowed scenery” (jie jing), where 4. ______ (design) incorporate distant pagodas or mountains into the garden’s view, making the space appear much larger than it actually is. Walking through these gardens, a visitor never sees the whole layout at once. Instead, the view 5. ______ (reveal) gradually as one moves along twisting corridors. This design encourages people to slow down and experience a sense of discovery. No wonder 6. ______ has been said that entering a Suzhou garden is like stepping into a three-dimensional poem. In 1997, UNESCO added several of these gardens 7. ______ the World Heritage List. Today, facing the challenges of modern tourism and environmental pressure, preservationists are working hard 8________ (protect) the original designs. They remind us that true 9. ______ (wise) lies not in dominating nature but in living harmoniously with it. For anyone 10. ______ (seek) peace in a fast-paced world, Suzhou’s gardens remain a timeless source of inspiration. 【答案】 1. Created 2. where 3. Unlike 4. designers 5. is revealed 6. it 7. to 8. to protect 9. wisdom 10. seeking 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了苏州古典园林的设计理念、核心技法“借景”及其文化价值。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些园林建造于宋明时期，是学者和艺术家逃离官场压力的私人休养之所。动词create（建造）与主语these gardens之间为逻辑上的被动关系，且表示已完成的状态，因此应用过去分词短语作状语。故填Created。 2. 考查定语从句。句意同上。先行词为private houses（私人宅院），关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在这些宅院中”，因此应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 3. 考查介词。句意：与强调对称和开阔草坪的西方园林不同，苏州园林以曲径、不规则池塘和精心布置的假山为特色。根据句意，此处将西方园林与苏州园林进行对比，表示“不同于”，应用介词Unlike，首字母需大写。故填Unlike。 4. 考查名词复数。句意：最精妙的技法之一是“借景”，即设计师将远处的宝塔或山峦纳入园林的视野中。动词incorporate（融入）的主语应为“人”，且根据上下文，这是园林设计者的普遍做法，应用名词designer的复数形式表泛指。故填designers。 5. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：相反，随着游客沿着蜿蜒的廊道前行，景色被逐渐展现出来。主语the view（景色）与动词reveal（展现）之间为被动关系，且本文描述的是园林的普遍特点，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数。故填is revealed。 6. 考查固定句型。句意：难怪有人说，走进苏州园林就如同步入一首立体的诗。“It has been said that...”为固定句型，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。故填it。 7. 考查介词。句意：1997年，联合国教科文组织将其中几座园林列入《世界遗产名录》。add...to...为固定搭配，意为“把……添加到……”。故填to。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，面对现代旅游和环境压力的挑战，保护工作者正努力保护原有设计。work hard to do sth. 为固定结构，意为“努力做某事”，不定式作目的状语。故填to protect。 9. 考查名词。句意：他们提醒我们，真正的智慧不在于征服自然，而在于与自然和谐共处。形容词true（真正的）后应接名词作主语，wise的名词形式为wisdom，意为“智慧”，为不可数名词。故填wisdom。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对于任何在快节奏世界中寻求宁静的人来说，苏州园林始终是永恒的灵感源泉。动词seek（寻求）与其逻辑主语anyone之间为主动关系，应用现在分词短语作后置定语，相当于“anyone who seeks...”。故填seeking。 Passage 2 The Magic of Face-Changing in Sichuan Opera Among China’s many regional opera forms, Sichuan Opera stands out for one breathtaking technique: face-changing, or bian lian. This art, 1. ______ history dates back nearly 300 years, allows performers to switch masks in the blink of an eye, leaving audiences in complete amazement. The masks, made of silk or paper, 2. ______ (paint) in vivid colors — red for loyalty, white for cunning, and black for uprightness. Performers change masks using a variety 3. ______ secret movements: a sudden turn of the head, a sweep of the fan, or a swift wave of the sleeve. skillfully executed, these changes happen so fast that even slow-motion cameras sometimes fail 4. ______ (capture) them. It is said that masters spend decades practicing just one sequence, 5. ______ (ensure) that every movement flows naturally into the next. What sets face-changing apart from mere trickery is 6. ______ emotional depth. Each change reflects a character’s inner turmoil. For example, when a general is betrayed by his 7.________ trusted friend, his mask might switch from red to white in a single spin. 8.________Although technology could easily recreate these effects today, traditional performers insist on doing everything live. “The mask is not a tool,” one old artist once said. “It is my second face.” However, this ancient craft faces a serious threat. To preserve its mystery, masters traditionally taught only one student per generation, resulting in a 9._________ (shortage of young performers. Recently, some troupes have begun offering public workshops, hoping to attract a new generation. If these efforts succeed, the art of face-changing may yet survive another three centuries. Until then, each performance remains a precious reminder that some magic 10. ______ (need) no explanation — only admiration. 【答案】1. whose 2. are painted 3. of 4. to capture 5. ensuring 6. its 7. trusted 8. Although 9. shortage 10. needs 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了川剧变脸的艺术特点、表演技巧及其传承困境。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：这门艺术的历史可追溯至近300年前，它能让表演者在眨眼间变换面具，令观众叹为观止。先行词为This art，关系词在定语从句中作history的定语，表示“这门艺术的”，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 2. 考查动词时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：这些由丝绸或纸制成的面具被涂以鲜艳的色彩——红色代表忠诚，白色代表狡诈，黑色代表正直。主语The masks与动词paint之间为被动关系，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are painted。 3. 考查介词。句意：表演者通过多种秘密动作来变换面具：突然转头、挥扇或快速甩袖。a variety of为固定搭配，意为“各种各样的”。故填of。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些变化发生得如此之快，以至于慢动作摄像机有时都无法捕捉到它们。fail to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to capture。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，大师们会花数十年时间练习一个序列，确保每一个动作都能自然地过渡到下一个。动词ensure与主语masters之间为逻辑上的主动关系，且表示伴随结果，应用现在分词短语作状语。故填ensuring。 6. 考查代词。句意：将变脸与单纯戏法区分开来的，是它自身的情感深度。此处指代Sichuan Opera的变脸技艺，表示“它的”，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，当一位将军被他最信任的朋友背叛时，他的面具可能会在一个转身间从红色变为白色。动词trust（信任）与名词friend之间为逻辑上的被动关系，表示“被信任的”，应用过去分词作定语。故填trusted。 8. 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管今天的技术可以轻松重现这些效果，但传统表演者坚持现场完成所有动作。前后句为让步转折关系，应用连词Although/Though引导让步状语从句，首字母需大写。故填Although。 9. 考查名词。句意：为了保持其神秘性，传统上大师每代只教一名学生，导致年轻表演者短缺。冠词a和介词of之间应用名词，shortage意为“短缺”，a shortage of为固定搭配。故填shortage。 10. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在那之前，每一场表演都仍是一个宝贵的提醒：有些魔法不需要解释——只需要赞叹。本文描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语some magic为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填needs。 Passage 3 Living Root Bridges: Where Nature Meets Engineering In the village of Cherrapunji, located in northeastern India, there exists a form of bridge unlike any other. These bridges are not built — they 1. ______ (grow). Known as “living root bridges,” they are created by training the aerial roots of the rubber tree across rivers and streams. At first glance, they appear to be the work of fantasy, yet they serve as essential 2._______ (cross) for local communities. The process of making one such bridge is astonishingly slow. Villagers guide young roots through hollowed-out betel nut tree trunks, 3. ______ act as temporary supports. Over time — often 10 to 15 years — the roots reach the opposite bank and take root in the soil. As the roots thicken and strengthen, more are added. Eventually, a bridge emerges that can support the weight of dozens of people. Unlike steel or concrete, these living structures become 4. ______ (strong) with age, some lasting over 500 years. 5. ______ makes these bridges truly remarkable is that they improve rather than harm the environment. They do not require cutting down trees or mining materials. Walking on a 6._______ (live) root bridge, one can feel the cool surface of the roots beneath bare feet. The bridge breathes, grows, and adapts. During monsoon floods, when wooden bridges are washed away, the root bridges stand firm. Today, only a handful of villages still practice this ancient skill. Modern concrete bridges, which are faster 7. ______ (build), have replaced many root bridges. However, some young engineers 8. ______ (start) documenting the technique, hoping to apply its principles to sustainable architecture. They argue that nature’s greatest lesson lies not in haste, 9._______ in the quiet power of patience and the wisdom of adaptation. The living root bridges of Cherrapunji stand as a living testament to the harmony between human need and 10. ______ (nature) wisdom. 【答案】 1. are grown 2. crossings 3. which 4. stronger 5. What 6. living 7. to build 8. have started 9. but 10. natural 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印度乞拉朋齐“活树根桥”的建造过程、环境价值及其对现代建筑的启示。 1. 考查动词时态、语态与上下文对比。 句意：这些桥不是被建造出来的——它们是被“种植”出来的。前一句使用“are not built”（一般现在时被动），后一句用“are grown”形成平行结构，强调两者都是“被完成”的过程。主语“These bridges”与“grow”（种植）为被动关系，故用一般现在时被动语态：are grown 2. 考查名词词形转换。 句意：它们成为当地社区重要的过河通道。“serve as + 名词”表示“充当……”。动词“cross”需转化为名词“crossing”（横渡点、通道），且此处指多个桥梁提供的多个通道，故用复数形式：crossings 3. 考查非限制性定语从句。 句意：村民引导幼根穿过挖空的槟榔树干，这些树干充当临时支撑物。先行词为“betel nut tree trunks”，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，指物，应用“which”。 4. 考查形容词比较级。 句意：与钢铁或混凝土不同，这些活的结构会随年龄增长而变得更强壮，有些能持续使用500多年。根据上下文“with age”及与普通桥梁的对比，应用比较级“stronger”。 5. 考查主语从句连接词。 句意：让这些桥真正了不起的是，它们改善而非破坏环境。“______ makes these bridges truly remarkable”为主语从句，从句中缺少主语（指“这件事”），应用“What”引导，相当于“The thing that”。答案：What 6. 考查形容词作定语。 句意：走在活树根桥上，人们能赤脚感受到树根凉爽的表面。 “living”表示“活着的”，直接修饰“root bridge”，强调桥仍在生长。答案：living 7. 考查非谓语动词（不定式）。 句意：现代混凝土桥梁建造更快，已经取代了许多树根桥。“be + 形容词 + to do”结构中，不定式作状语，修饰“faster”。注意：虽然桥是被建造的，但英语中常用主动形式的不定式表达“做某事很快/慢”。答案：to build 8. 考查动词时态（现在完成时）。 句意：然而，一些年轻工程师已经开始记录这项技艺，希望将其原理应用于可持续建筑。动作“开始记录”发生在过去，并对现在产生影响（正在进行的记录行为），且与“today”隐含的现在时间呼应，应用现在完成时。主语“some young engineers”为复数。答案：have started 9. 考查固定搭配“not... but...”。 句意：他们认为自然最伟大的教训不在于匆忙，而在于耐心的沉静力量和适应的智慧。“not... but...”意为“不是……而是……”，前后形成对比并列。答案：but 10. 考查形容词作定语。 句意：乞拉朋齐的活树根桥是人类需求与自然智慧之间和谐共存的生动见证。“wisdom”为名词，需用形容词“natural”修饰，表示“自然的智慧”。答案：natural Passage 4 Mark Twain and the Soul of the Mississippi No writer is more closely associated with a river than Mark Twain is with the Mississippi. Born in 1835, he grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, a small town 1. ______ (lie) on the river's western bank. As a boy, he dreamed of becoming a steamboat pilot — a profession that required not just skill but a near-photographic memory of the river's channels. At 21, he earned his license. Little 2. ______ he know this experience would become the foundation of his literary career. The river appears in nearly all his major works. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 3. ______ (wide) considered the first Great American Novel, the river serves as both a setting and a symbol. It is 4. ______ the runaway slave Jim and the rebellious boy Huck seek freedom; it also constantly challenges their journey. Twain's genius lay in capturing the river's double nature. To an outsider, the Mississippi might appear calm. 5. ______ to a trained pilot like Twain, it was full of hidden dangers — sunken logs and shifting sandbars. He once wrote, "6. ______ face of the water became a wonderful book — a book that was a dead language to the 7. ______ (educate) passenger, but told me its secrets." Today, the Mississippi no longer 8._______ (carry) the steamboat traffic of Twain’s era. Yet his books keep the river's cultural memory 9. ______ (live). Thousands of visitors travel to Hannibal each year to visit his boyhood home. As long as people read Twain's works, the Mississippi will remain not just a river but a living character — one 10. ______ speaks of adventure, friendship, and the enduring complexity of the American spirit. 【答案】1. lying 2. did 3. widely 4. where 5. But 6. The 7. uneducated 8. carries 9. alive 10. that/which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了马克·吐温与密西西比河的深厚渊源，以及河流对其文学创作的影响。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了马克·吐温与密西西比河的深厚渊源，以及河流如何成为他文学创作的核心意象与象征。 1. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：他成长于密苏里州的汉尼拔，一个坐落在密西西比河西岸的小镇。“a small town”与动词lie（位于）之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作后置定语。答案：lying 2. 考查倒装结构与助动词 句意：他几乎不知道这段经历将成为他文学生涯的基础。“Little”为否定词，置于句首时句子需部分倒装。原句陈述过去事实，应用一般过去时，主语he为第三人称，故借助助动词did构成倒装：Little did he know... 答案：did 3. 考查副词 句意：在被广泛认为是第一部伟大的美国小说的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中…… 修饰动词considered应用副词widely，表示“被广泛地认为”。答案：widely 4. 考查表语从句连接词 句意：这正是逃亡的奴隶吉姆和叛逆的男孩哈克寻求自由的地方；同时，这条河也持续不断地给他们的旅程带来挑战。“It is + 名词/从句”结构中，空格后为一个完整句子，需填入连接词引导表语从句。根据句意“在河里/河边”，应用where表示地点。 答案：where 5. 考查连词表示转折 句意：在外人看来，密西西比河可能显得平静。但对像吐温这样受过训练的领航员来说，它充满了隐藏的危险。前后句为转折对比关系，应用But连接，首字母大写。答案：But 6. 考查冠词 句意：水的面容变成了一本奇妙的书…… “face of the water”为特指，且water为不可数名词，应用定冠词The，首字母大写。答案：The 7. 考查反义前缀与形容词 句意：这本书对未受过教育的乘客来说是本天书，但向我揭示了它的秘密。根据上下文，passenger与trained pilot形成对比，应用educated的反义词uneducated，表示“未受教育的”。答案：uneducated 8. 考查动词时态（一般现在时）句意：如今，密西西比河已不再承载吐温时代的蒸汽船交通。时间状语“Today”表示当前状态，主语the Mississippi为第三人称单数，应用一般现在时carries。答案：carries 9. 考查形容词作宾语补足语 句意：然而，他的书让这条河的文化记忆保持鲜活。“keep + 宾语 + 宾补”结构，应用形容词alive表示“活的、鲜活的”，修饰memory。答案：alive 10. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：密西西比河将不仅是一条河，而是一个活生生的角色——一个讲述冒险、友谊与美国精神永恒复杂性的角色。先行词为one（指代character），关系词在从句中作主语，指人，应用that或which。答案：that/which 话题2 科技前沿与数字生活 Passage 1 Human-Robot Dance: A Moment of Perfect Trust On the stage of the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, something extraordinary happened. For the first time in the gala’s history, human dancers and humanoid robots performed side by side, their movements 1. ______ (harmonize) with astonishing precision. The robots, whose aluminum alloy frames allowed for fluid motion, spun and leaped in ways that once seemed 2. ______ (possible). What made the performance truly remarkable was not the robots’ technical perfection, but 3. ______ natural their interactions with human dancers appeared. At one point, a robot caught a 4. ______ (fall) dancer — a moment designed into the routine, yet executed with such gentleness that the audience gasped. “We programmed the movements,” said the lead choreographer, “5. ______ the trust had to be earned.” Hardly had the performance ended 6. ______ social media exploded with admiration. Viewers described the dance as “a glimpse into a future 7._______ humans and machines coexist, not as rivals, but as partners.” The technology behind the robots represents 8._______ breakthrough in motion-capture and real-time adaptation. Unlike traditional programmed robots, which merely repeat fixed actions, these machines can read human body language and adjust their responses 9.________ within milliseconds. For those 10. ______ (worry) about machines replacing humans, this performance offered a different vision — one of collaboration, not competition. 【答案】1. harmonized 2. impossible 3. how 4. falling 5. but 6. before 7. where 8. a 9. within 10. worried 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2026年春晚上的人机共舞表演，展现了人类与机器人之间的默契配合与相互信任。 1. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：人类舞者与机器人并肩表演，他们的动作以惊人的精度协调一致。“their movements”与动词harmonize之间为逻辑上的被动关系，且独立主格结构表示伴随状态，应用过去分词。故填harmonized。 2. 考查词性转换（形容词） 句意：机器人的旋转和跳跃方式曾看似不可能（实现）。系动词seemed后接形容词作表语，根据语境（机器人现在做到了），应用impossible表示“不可能的”。故填impossible。 3. 考查表语从句连接词 句意：真正令人惊叹的并非机器人的技术完美，而是它们与人类舞者的互动显得多么自然。“______ natural their interactions appeared”为表语从句，how修饰形容词natural，意为“多么”, 表示感叹。故填how。 4. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：一个机器人接住了一位正在摔倒的舞者。动词fall与dancer之间为逻辑上的主动关系，表示“正在摔倒的”，应用现在分词作定语。故填falling。 5. 考查连词（转折） 句意：“我们编了程序，但信任必须靠赢得。”前后句为转折对比关系，应用but连接。故填but。 6. 考查固定句型（倒装结构） 句意：表演刚结束，社交媒体就炸开了锅。“Hardly had...ended before...”为固定句型，意为“一……就……”。故填before。 7. 考查定语从句关系副词 句意：一窥人类与机器共存、非敌乃伙伴的未来。先行词为future，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 8. 考查冠词 句意：这项技术代表着动作捕捉与实时适应领域的一项突破。breakthrough为可数名词，此处表泛指，且breakthrough以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 9. 考查介词 句意：这些机器能在毫秒内调整反应。“within + 时间段”表示“在……时间之内”。故填within。 10. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：对于那些担心机器取代人类的人来说……those与动词worry之间为逻辑上的被动关系（those who are worried about），应用过去分词作定语。故填worried。 Passage 2 The Virtual Choir That United the World Imagine singing in a choir with 10,000 people from 50 different countries — yet never leaving your living room. 1. ______ seemed like a fantasy just a decade ago has now become reality, thanks to a groundbreaking virtual choir project featured at the 2026 Spring Festival Gala. 2. ______ (connect) through a cloud-based platform, singers from around the globe recorded their parts separately, while artificial intelligence flawlessly mixed their voices into a single, 3. ________ (harmony) performance. Never before 4. ______ technology made such emotional connection possible across vast distances. Each singer, 5. ______ (wear) headphones and following a digital conductor, contributed their unique voice to a collective whole. The result was a breathtaking interpretation of Auld Lang Syne, a familiar melody 6. ______ took on new meaning when sung by thousands united in spirit if not in space. “When I heard my voice blend with someone from the other side of the earth,” one participant recalled, “I felt as if we 7. ______ (be) all part of something larger than ourselves.” The project’s success points to a future where geographical boundaries no longer limit artistic 8. ______ (express). However, as the conductor noted, “Technology provides the platform, but the heart shall provide the song.” For the millions who 9. ______ (watch) the performance, the virtual choir was not just a technological wonder — it was a reminder 10. ______ music, like hope, knows no borders. 【答案】1. What 2. Connected 3. harmonious 4. had 5. wearing 6. that / which 7. were 8. expression 9. watched 10. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2026年春晚上的虚拟合唱团项目，展示了科技如何跨越地理界限，将全球歌手连接成一场和谐的演出。 1. 考查主语从句连接词 句意：十年前看似遥不可及的幻想如今已成为现实。“______ seemed like a fantasy”为主语从句，从句中缺少主语（指“这件事”），应用What引导，相当于“The thing that”。故填What。 2. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：通过云平台连接起来，来自全球的歌手分别录制了自己的部分。动词connect与主语singers之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词短语作状语。故填Connected。 3. 考查词性转换（名词→形容词） 句意：人工智能将他们的声音完美地融合成一场和谐统一的演出。名词harmony需转换为形容harmonious，修饰名词performance，意为“和谐的”。故填harmonious。 4. 考查倒装结构与过去完成时 句意：在此之前，技术从未能在遥远距离间建立如此强烈的情感连接。“Never before”为否定词置于句首，句子需部分倒装。根据语境，动作发生在过去某一时间点之前，应用过去完成时。故填had。 5. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：每位歌手戴着耳机，跟随数字指挥，将自己独特的声音贡献给整体。动词wear与主语Each singer之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填wearing。 6. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：结果是对《友谊地久天长》的一次令人叹为观止的演绎——这首熟悉的旋律在被数千名精神相通、空间相隔的人唱响时，获得了全新的意义。 先行词为melody，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，应用that或which引导。故填that / which。 7. 考查虚拟语气（时态语态） 句意：我感觉仿佛我们都是某个超越自我的事物的一部分。“as if”引导的方式状语从句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，be动词应用were（不分人称）。故填were。 8. 考查词性转换（动词→名词） 句意：这个项目的成功指向了一个未来——地理边界不再限制艺术表达。动词express需转换为名词expression，作动词limit的宾语。故填expression。 9. 考查动词时态（一般过去时） 句意：对于观看这场表演的数百万人来说……描述过去发生的动作（观看表演），应用一般过去时。故填watched。 10. 考查同位语从句连接词 句意：这是一个提醒：音乐如希望一样，没有国界。名词reminder后接同位语从句，说明其具体内容，从句结构完整，应用that引导（that无实义，仅起连接作用）。故填that。 Passage 3 The Mechanical Eyes That See What Humans Cannot At first glance, the vehicles navigating the streets of Beijing in early 2026 look like ordinary cars. Look closer, however, and you will notice something 1. ______ (usual): a rotating sensor on the roof, constantly scanning the environment. These are the “mechanical eyes” of autonomous vehicles, 2. ______ (equip) with technology that allows them to see 3. ______ lies beyond human perception. Hardly had a pedestrian stepped into the crosswalk before the car’s system has already calculated their speed, direction, and estimated time of 4. ______ (arrive). The sensors, which combine LiDAR and high-definition cameras, create a real-time 3D map of the surroundings, 5. ______ (identify) everything from lost animals to fallen branches. “Human eyes can see about 200 meters on a clear day,” explained a chief engineer. “Our mechanical eyes see 300 meters in heavy fog.” It was this technology 6. ______ enabled a fleet of autonomous taxis to operate safely during the Spring Festival travel rush, completing over 10,000 trips 7. ______ a single accident. Critics once argued that machines could never match human intuition. But the data 8. ______ (tell) a different story: in many scenarios, these mechanical eyes actually outperform human drivers, reacting to dangers in as little as 0.1 seconds. For those 9. ______ remain skeptical, the engineer offered a simple response: “We’re not here 10. ______ (replace) drivers. We’re here to make the roads safer for everyone.” 【答案】 1. unusual 2. equipped 3. what 4. arrival 5. identifying 6. that 7. without 8. tells 9. who 10. to replace 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2026年出现在北京街头的自动驾驶汽车的“机械眼”技术，展示了其超越人类视觉感知能力的安全优势。 1. 考查词性转换（形容词） 句意：然而，再仔细看看，你就会注意到一些不寻常的东西：车顶上一个旋转的传感器…… 括号内为名词usual（平常的事物），此处需要填入形容词作不定代词something的后置定语，表示“不寻常的”。unusual意为“不寻常的”。故填unusual。 2. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：这些就是自动驾驶汽车的“机械眼”，它们配备了能够看见人类感知范围之外事物的技术。动词equip与主语These之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被配备），应用过去分词短语作定语，相当于“which are equipped with...”。故填equipped。 3. 考查宾语从句连接词 句意：……让它们能够看见人类感知范围之外的事物。动词see后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语（指“所……的东西”），应用what引导，相当于“the thing that”。故填what。 4. 考查词性转换（名词） 句意：行人刚踏入人行横道，汽车系统就已经计算出了他们的速度、方向以及预计到达时间。“time of + 名词”结构中，arrive需转换为名词arrival。estimated time of arrival为固定表达，意为“预计到达时间”。故填arrival。 5. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：传感器结合了激光雷达和高清摄像头，创建出周围环境的实时3D地图，识别出从流浪动物到断落树枝的一切。动词identify与主语The sensors之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填identifying。 6. 考查强调句型 句意：正是这项技术使得一队自动驾驶出租车在春运期间安全运营…… “It was + 被强调部分 + that + 其余部分”为强调句型，此处强调主语this technology。故填that。 7. 考查介词 句意：……完成了超过10,000次行程，未发生一起事故。根据句意“没有一起事故”，应用介词without表示“无、没有”。故填without。 8. 考查动词时态（一般现在时） 句意：但数据却讲述了不同的故事。 本文描述客观事实和一般情况，应用一般现在时。主语the data（数据）为不可数名词/单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填tells。 9. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：对于那些仍然持怀疑态度的人，工程师给出了一个简单的回答。先行词为those（指人），关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who引导。故填who。 10. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：“我们来这里不是为了取代司机。” “be here + 不定式”表示“来做某事”，此处为否定结构“not here to do sth.”，应用不定式作目的状语。故填to replace。 Passage 4 When Plastic Eats Itself: A Microbial Solution Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste find their way into oceans, where they remain for centuries, breaking down into tiny particles that harm marine life. But 1. ______ if plastic could simply — disappear? Scientists in Shanghai have developed a revolutionary solution: bacteria engineered to digest plastic, 2. ______ (turn) a pollutant that once lasted for 500 years into harmless natural substances within weeks. The process, 3. ______ (call) “bio-recycling,” works like this: specially designed microorganisms 4. ______ (introduce) to plastic waste in controlled environments. These microbes produce enzymes (酶)5. ______ break down the long molecular chains of plastic, effectively “eating” them. 6. ______ remarkable is the speed of this process that a single bacterium can consume its own 7. ______ (weigh) in plastic every hour. “We used to think of plastic as indestructible,” said the lead researcher. “Now we’re learning that nature, 8. ______ given the right tools, can solve the very problems we created.” The technology 9. ______ (test) in several pilot projects already, reducing plastic waste by over 90% in some cases. For a world drowning in disposable products, these plastic-eating bacteria offer more than just a cleanup method — they offer hope. And sometimes, What is needed most is not a 10. ______ (big) machine, a smaller, smarter idea. 【答案】 1. what 2. turning 3. called 4. are introduced 5. that / which 6. So 7. weight 8. if / when 9. has been tested 10. bigger 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了上海科学家研发的“塑料降解微生物”技术，展示了利用细菌分解塑料污染物的创新解决方案。 1. 考查固定句型（what if...） 句意：但如果塑料能够直接“消失”呢？ “What if...”为固定句型，用于提出假设性疑问，意为“倘若……会怎样？”。此处what与if连用，首字母需大写。故填what。 2. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词）—— 给词 句意：细菌经过改造后可以消化塑料，将一种曾经需要500年才能降解的污染物在数周内转化为无害的天然物质。动词turn与主语bacteria之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作伴随状语（表示结果）。故填turning。 3. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：这个过程被称为“生物回收” …… 动词call与主语The process之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被称作），应用过去分词短语作定语。故填called。 4. 考查动词时态与语态（一般现在时的被动）—— 给词 句意：经过特殊设计的微生物被引入到受控环境中的塑料废弃物里。主语microorganisms与动词introduce之间为被动关系，且描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are introduced。 5. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：这些微生物产生的酶能够分解塑料的长分子链。 先行词为enzymes，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，应用that或which引导。故填that / which。 6. 考查固定结构“so...that...”与倒装 句意：这个过程的速度如此之快，以至于单个细菌每小时就能消耗掉相当于自身体重的塑料。“So + 形容词 + be + 主语 + that...”为倒装结构，相当于“The speed is so remarkable that...”。故填So（首字母大写）。 7. 考查词性转换（动词→名词） 句意：……消耗掉相当于自身体重的塑料。one's own weight为固定搭配，意为“某人/某物的体重”。动词weigh需转换为名词weight。故填weight。 8. 考查状语从句连接词 —— 不给词 句意：现在我们认识到，大自然如果被给予合适的工具，就能解决我们自己造成的问题。 根据句意，此处表示条件“如果”或时间“当……时”，应用if或when引导状语从句。故填if / when。 9. 考查动词时态与语态（现在完成时的被动）—— 给词 句意：这项技术已经在几个试点项目中得到了测试…… 主语The technology与动词test之间为被动关系，且“already”提示动作已发生并对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been tested。 10. 考查形容词比较级 句意：最需要的不是一台更大的机器，而是一个更小、更聪明的想法。根据句意，此处与后面的smaller形成对比，应用big的比较级bigger，构成“not a bigger machine, but a smaller idea”的结构。故填bigger。 话题3 健康成长与心理健康 Passage 1 The Top Ten Worries Facing Teens Today A recent survey has identified ten major concerns troubling Chinese teenagers, with appearance anxiety and parent-child conflicts 1. ______ (rank) at the top. Never before 2. ______ young people feel such intense pressure to meet unrealistic beauty standards, fueled by filtered (过滤) images on social media. 3. ______ (equip) with the knowledge that these images are often digitally altered, many teens still struggle to accept their own reflections. The survey also reveals that nearly 60% of adolescents find 4. ______ difficult to communicate with their parents. “We speak different languages,” one student explained, 5. ______ (refer) not to Chinese or English, but to emotional expression. What makes the situation worse is that both sides want the same thing — understanding — yet neither knows how to start the conversation. Schools across the country are now introducing emotional literacy programs, 6. ______ aim is to help students identify and express their feelings 7. ______ (healthy). “Admitting that you’re struggling is not a sign of weakness,” says Dr. Chen, a child psychologist. “8. ______ it is actually the first step toward strength.” For teens 9. ______ (trap) in silence, these words may be exactly what they need 10. ______ (hear). 【答案】 1. ranking 2. have 3. Equipped 4. it 5. referring 6. whose 7. healthily 8. Rather 9. trapped 10. to hear 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了针对青少年的十大担忧调查结果，聚焦外貌焦虑和亲子沟通问题。 1. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：外貌焦虑和亲子冲突位居榜首。“with + 名词 + 现在分词”构成独立主格结构，concerns与rank之间为逻辑上的主动关系。故填ranking。 2. 考查倒装结构与现在完成时 句意：年轻人从未像现在这样感到如此大的压力。“Never before”为否定词置于句首，句子需部分倒装。根据语境应用现在完成时，助动词have提前。故填have。 3. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：尽管知道这些图像常被数字化修改，许多青少年仍难以接受自己的样子。动词equip与many teens之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被赋予知识），应用过去分词作让步状语。故填Equipped。 4. 考查形式宾语 句意：近60%的青少年发现很难与父母沟通。“find it + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。故填it。 5. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：一位学生解释道，他指的不是中文或英文，而是情感表达方式。refer与主语one student之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填referring。 6. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：学校正在引入情绪素养课程，其目的是帮助学生健康地识别和表达感受。 先行词为programs，关系词在定语从句中作aim的定语，表示“课程的”，应用whose引导。故填whose。 7. 考查副词 句意：……健康地识别和表达感受。修饰动词express应用副词形式。故填healthily。 8. 考查副词（固定搭配） 句意：承认自己正在挣扎并非软弱的表现。相反，这恰恰是走向坚强的第一步。 “Rather”用于句首表示转折或对比，意为“相反”。故填Rather。 9. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：对于那些被困在沉默中的青少年来说……trap与teens之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被困扰/被束缚），应用过去分词作后置定语。故填trapped。 10. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：……这些话可能正是他们需要听到的。“need sth. to do”结构中，不定式作后置定语，修饰what。故填to hear。 Passage 2 Five Science-Backed Tips to Beat Insomnia Lying awake at 2 a.m., watching the clock tick closer to dawn, is 1. ______ experience that no teenager wants. With academic pressure and social anxiety rising, sleep disorders among adolescents 2. ______ (double) over the past decade. 3. ______ (improve) your sleep quality, you don’t necessarily need medication — small changes in daily routine can make a remarkable difference. First, establish a consistent sleep schedule, even on weekends. 4. ______ (confuse) your body’s internal clock by sleeping late on Sundays, only to wake up early on Mondays, is like giving your brain jet lag without ever leaving home. Second, create a digital sunset — put away electronic devices at least one hour before bed. The blue light 5. ______ (release) by screens suppresses melatonin, the hormone 6. ______ tells your brain it’s time to sleep. Third, try the “military method” developed for soldiers: relax your face, drop your shoulders, and breathe slowly. Fourth, if sleep won’t come, get out of bed. Lying there 7. ______ (worry) only strengthens the association between your bed and anxiety. Finally, remember that one bad night doesn’t ruin you. 8. ______ you have done your best to relax, let go of the rest. After all, the gentle art of falling asleep 9. ______ (learn) rather than forced. And that is perhaps 10. ______ every insomniac needs to hear most. 【答案】 1.an 2. have doubled 3. To improve 4. Confusing 5. released 6. that / which 7. worrying 8. Once / If / When 9. is learned / is learnt 10. what 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了五种基于科学研究的改善失眠的方法，帮助青少年应对睡眠问题。 1. 考查冠词 句意：凌晨两点躺在床上睡不着，看着时钟一点点走向黎明，是每个青少年都不想要的经历。experience在此处为可数名词，表示“一次经历”，且泛指，应用不定冠词an（experience以元音音素开头）。故填an。 2. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：随着学业压力和社交焦虑的上升，过去十年间青少年的睡眠障碍增加了一倍。“over the past decade”为现在完成时的标志词，主语disorders为复数，助动词用have，double意为“翻倍”，此处为不及物动词。故填have doubled。 3. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：为了改善睡眠质量，你不一定需要药物。不定式短语作目的状语，置于句首表示“为了……”。故填To improve。 4. 考查非谓语动词（动名词） 句意：周日睡懒觉、周一又早起会打乱身体的生物钟，就像足不出户却让大脑经历了时差反应。动名词短语作主语，表示一种行为。故填Confusing。 5. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：屏幕释放出的蓝光会抑制褪黑素。light与release之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被释放），应用过去分词作定语。故填released。 6. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：褪黑素是一种告诉大脑“该睡觉了”的激素。先行词为hormone，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用that或which引导。故填that / which。 7. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：躺在床上焦虑只会强化床与焦虑之间的关联。worry与主语（you）之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填worrying。 8. 考查状语从句连接词 句意：一旦/如果/当你尽力放松了，剩下的就随它去吧。根据句意，可填Once（一旦）、If（如果）或When（当……时）。故填Once / If / When。 9. 考查动词时态与语态（一般现在时被动） 句意：入睡这门温柔的艺术是学来的，而不是强求来的。主语the art与learn之间为被动关系，且描述一般性真理，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is learned / is learnt。 10. 考查表语从句连接词 句意：这也许正是每个失眠者最需要听到的东西。 “______ every insomniac needs to hear”为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语（指“所……的事物”），应用what引导。故填what。 Passage 3 The Optimist’s Guide to Surviving Teenage Years Optimism is not about ignoring life’s difficulties. Rather, it is about approaching those difficulties with a mindset that expects positive outcomes. For teenagers 1. ______ (struggle) with academic pressure or social rejection, learning 2. ______ (see) the glass as half full can be nothing short of life-changing. So how does one cultivate optimism? The first step is to recognize 3. ______ your inner voice is saying. When you fail a test, do you think, “I’m stupid,” or “I didn’t study hard enough this time”? The former is a fixed mindset, 4. ______ the latter is a growth mindset — and research shows that the latter leads to greater resilience (恢复力、适应力). 5. ______ (simple) changing “I can’t do this” to “I can’t do this yet” adds the powerful notion of future improvement. Another technique is to practice gratitude daily. Before bed, write 6. ______ three good things that happened that day. 7. ______ small they may seem — a friend’s smile, a good meal, a sunny day — this exercise trains your brain to scan for positives 8. ______ than negatives. Over time, what was once a struggle becomes a habit. And the beautiful thing about optimism is that it feeds on 9. ______ (it). The more you practice, the more natural it becomes. After all, happiness is not a destination 10. ______ you finally arrive; it is a way of traveling. 【答案】 1. struggling 2. to see 3. what 4. while 5. Simply 6. down 7. However 8. rather 9. itself 10. where 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了青少年如何培养乐观心态的方法，包括调整思维方式、练习感恩等。 1. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：对于正在与学业压力或社交排斥作斗争的青少年来说，学会看到事情积极的一面简直是改变人生的。struggle与teenagers之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作后置定语，相当于“who are struggling”。故填struggling。 2. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：……学会看到事情积极的一面……“learn to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“学会做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to see。 3. 考查宾语从句连接词 句意：第一步是识别你的内心在说什么。“______ your inner voice is saying”为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语（指“所……的内容”），应用what引导，相当于“the thing that”。故填what。 4. 考查连词（对比） 句意：前者是固定型思维，而后者是成长型思维。前后句为对比关系，应用while或whereas表示“而、然而”。故填while。 5. 考查副词 句意：简单地把“我做不到”改成“我还做不到” ……修饰动词changing应用副词形式。故填Simply。 6. 考查短语动词（固定搭配） 句意：写下那天发生的三件好事。“write down”为固定短语，意为“写下、记下”。故填down。 7. 考查让步状语从句连接词 句意：无论它们看起来多么微小——一个朋友的微笑、一顿美餐、一个晴天…… “However + 形容词 + 主语 + 动词”结构表示“无论多么……”，此处However修饰small。故填However。 8. 考查固定搭配（rather than） 句意：……训练你的大脑去发现积极的事物而不是消极的事物。“rather than”为固定短语，意为“而不是”，此处rather单独使用，than已给出。故填rather。 9. 考查代词（反身代词） 句意：乐观的美妙之处在于它能自我滋养。“feed on itself”意为“以自身为食”，表示自我强化、良性循环。故填itself。 10. 考查定语从句关系副词 —— 不给词 句意：幸福不是你最终到达的一个目的地；它是一种旅行方式。先行词为destination，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语（arrive at a destination），应用where引导。故填where。 Passage 4 Understanding “Puppy Love” — A Parent’s Guide When parents discover their teenager is in a romantic relationship, their first reaction is often panic. 1. ______ (forget) their own youthful experiences, they worry about falling grades, broken hearts, and worst of all, the loss of childhood innocence. However, research suggests that early romantic experiences, 2. ______ (manage) properly, can actually serve as valuable emotional training grounds. Adolescent relationships, commonly 3. ______ (refer) to as “puppy love,” typically last only a few months. Far from being a waste of time, these brief connections teach teenagers essential skills: how to communicate needs, how to handle rejection, and how to balance multiple priorities. Never before 4. ______ young people need such skills more, given the increasing complexity of modern social dynamics. So what should parents do? First, avoid overreacting. Forbidding a relationship outright often drives it underground, making it 5. ______ (hard) to monitor. Second, keep communication open. Ask questions out of 6. ______ (curious), not judgment: “What do you like about this person?” Third, establish clear boundaries 7. ______ respecting your teen’s privacy. A good rule of thumb: what is dangerous is not the relationship itself, but the loss of perspective. 8.______ (ultimate), the goal is not to prevent puppy love, but to guide teens through it. After all, the ability 9. ______ (form) healthy relationships is a skill 10. ______ will serve them well into adulthood. And that is a lesson that no textbook can teach. 【答案】 1. Forgetting 2. managed 3. referred 4. have 5. harder 6. curiosity 7. while 8. Ultimately 9. to form 10. that / which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，以家长为读者对象，探讨了如何看待青少年的“早恋”问题，并给出了科学的应对建议。 1. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：忘记了自己年轻时的经历，他们担心成绩下滑、心碎以及童年纯真的丧失。 forget与主语they之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填Forgetting。 2. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：然而，研究表明，如果引导得当，早期的恋爱经历实际上可以成为宝贵的情感训练场。manage与experiences之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被引导/被处理），应用过去分词，相当于“if they are managed properly”。故填managed。 3. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：通常被称为“早恋”的青少年恋情，通常只持续几个月。“be referred to as”为固定搭配，意为“被称为”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作定语。故填referred。 4. 考查倒装结构与现在完成时 句意：考虑到现代社会动态日益复杂，年轻人从未像现在这样需要这些技能。“Never before”为否定词置于句首，句子需部分倒装，应用现在完成时，助动词have提前。故填have。 5. 考查形容词比较级 句意：彻底禁止一段恋情往往会使其转入地下，从而更难监控。“make it + 形容词 + to do”结构中，根据上下文隐含的对比（与公开恋爱相比），应用比较级harder。故填harder。 6. 考查名词 句意：出于好奇而非评判去问问题。“out of + 名词”为固定搭配，curious需转换为名词curiosity。故填curiosity。 7. 考查连词（同时/而） 句意：在尊重孩子隐私的同时，建立明确的界限。while表示“在……的同时”，连接两个并列的动作。故填while。 8. 考查副词 句意：最终，目标不是阻止早恋，而是引导青少年度过这一时期。副词作状语，修饰整个句子。故填Ultimately。 9. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：建立健康关系的能力……“the ability to do sth.”为固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to form。 10. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：……一项将使他们受益终身的技能。先行词为skill，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用that或which引导。故填that / which。 话题4 人与自然和谐共生 Passage 1 The Maasai: Living in Harmony with Africa’s Wildlife On the vast grasslands of East Africa, where lions roar and wild animals move by the millions, lives a people who have mastered a rare art — 1. ______ (live) in peace with nature. The Maasai, a traditional ethnic group in Kenya and Tanzania, do not see wildlife as a threat to be eliminated, 2. ______ as a resource to be shared. Never before has any other community achieved such a balance 3. ______ human needs and wildlife protection. The Maasai graze (放牧) their cattle on the same grasslands 4. ______ zebras and giraffes wander. Rather than building permanent fences that would block animal migration routes, they practice moving their cattle around — changing fields according to the seasons. This ancient practice, 5. ______ (pass) down over generations, allows the land to recover while leaving natural pathways open for wild animals. What makes the Maasai truly 6. ______ (remark) is their attitude toward dangerous animals. When a lion attacks their cattle, they do not simply kill it in revenge (报复). Equipped with traditional knowledge and modern tools, they 7. ______ (strong) their cattle pens (牛栏) and use bright lights to drive the lion away. “A living lion brings us more value through tourism than a dead one,” explains a local elder, whose words reflect a wisdom that many modern societies 8. ______ (forget). During the dry season, the Maasai dig wells 9. ______ (share) water with wild animals, leaving low open spaces where thirsty zebras and other animals can drink. This model is so successful that Maasai-owned lands now support as much wildlife 10. ______ the national parks themselves. For a world facing environmental crises, the Maasai offer a powerful lesson: humans and nature can not only live together — they can grow strong together. 【答案】 1. living 2. but 3. between 4. where 5. passed 6. remarkable 7. strengthen 8. have forgotten 9. to share 10. as 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了东非马赛人与野生动物共生的独特模式，展示了人与自然和谐共处的智慧。 1. 考查非谓语动词（动名词） 句意：……生活着一群掌握了与自然和平共处这门罕见艺术的人。“a rare art of doing sth.”结构中，介词of后接动名词作宾语。故填living。 2. 考查固定搭配（not...but...） 句意：马赛人不把野生动物视为需要消灭的威胁，而是视为需要共享的资源。“not...but...”为固定结构，意为“不是……而是……”。故填but。 3. 考查介词（between） 句意：以前从未有其他社群在人类需求与野生动物保护之间达到如此平衡。“balance between A and B”为固定搭配，表示“在A和B之间的平衡”。故填between。 4. 考查定语从句关系副词 句意：马赛人在斑马和长颈鹿漫步的同一片草原上放牧他们的牛群。先行词为grasslands，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 5. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：这种代代相传的古老做法……practice与pass down之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被传承），应用过去分词短语作定语。故填passed。 6. 考查词性转换（形容词） 句意：真正让马赛人 remarkable 的是他们对危险动物的态度。“make + 宾语 + 形容词”结构中，应用形容词作宾语补足语。remark的形容词形式为remarkable，意为“非凡的、值得注意的”。故填remarkable。 7. 考查动词（一般现在时） 句意：他们加固牛栏，用强光驱赶狮子。描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主语they为复数，谓语动词用原形。strengthen意为“加强、巩固”。故填strengthen。 8. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：他的话反映了许多现代社会已经遗忘的智慧。“已经遗忘”表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时；主语many modern societies为复数，助动词用have。故填have forgotten。 9. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：在旱季，马赛人挖井与野生动物共享水源…… “dig wells to do sth.”中，不定式作目的状语，表示“为了……”。故填to share。 10. 考查固定结构（as...as...） 句意：这种模式如此成功，以至于马赛人拥有的土地现在支持的野生动物数量与国家公园一样多。 “as much + 名词 + as”为比较结构，表示“与……一样多的……”。故填as。 Passage 2 The Silent Crisis Facing the Yangtze Finless Porpoise Known as the “smiling angel” of the Yangtze River, the finless porpoise has inhabited China’s longest river for over 20 million years. 1. ______ (recognize) by its charming, upturned mouth, this intelligent creature is now fighting for survival. Never before has the species faced such a severe threat, 2. ______ only around 1,000 individuals remaining in the wild. The porpoise (鼠海豚)’s decline is closely linked to human activity. Overfishing 3. ______ (reduce) its food supply, while cargo ships crowd its living space. Worse still, the noise pollution from shipping traffic interferes with the animal’s sonar system, 4. ______ it relies on to navigate and find food. “5. ______ is like trying to hear a whisper in a rock concert,” explains Dr. Wang, a marine biologist who has studied the species for two decades. However, there is reason for hope. China has established several nature reserves along the Yangtze, 6. ______ fishing is strictly prohibited. These protected areas have seen encouraging results: in some sections, porpoise populations 7. ______ (stabilize) in recent years. The government has also launched a relocation program, 8. ______ (move) some porpoises to safer oxbow lakes (牛轭湖). What remains clear is that 9. ______ the finless porpoise requires more than conservation efforts — it demands a fundamental shift in how we view our relationship with nature. As one researcher put it, “10. ______ we protect the ‘smiling angel,’ we are not just saving a species. We are restoring the soul of the Yangtze.” 【答案】 1. Recognized 2. with 3. has reduced 4. which 5. It 6. where 7. have stabilized 8. moving 9. saving 10. When / If 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了长江江豚面临的生存危机以及政府和科学家为保护这一濒危物种所采取的措施。 1. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：这种聪明的生物以其迷人的、向上弯曲的嘴巴为人们所识别，如今正在为生存而战。recognize与主语this intelligent creature之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被识别），应用过去分词短语作原因状语。故填Recognized。 2. 考查介词（with复合结构） 句意：该物种从未面临过如此严重的威胁，目前野外仅剩约1000只个体。“with + 名词 + 现在分词”构成独立主格结构，表示伴随状态。故填with。 3. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：过度捕捞已经减少了江豚的食物供应。描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响（食物供应至今仍不足），应用现在完成时。故填has reduced。 4. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：船舶交通产生的噪音污染干扰了江豚赖以导航和觅食的声纳系统。先行词为sonar system，关系词在定语从句中作relies on的宾语，指物，应用which引导。故填which。 5. 考查代词（形式主语it） 句意：这就像在摇滚音乐会上努力听清一声低语。“It is like...”中it指代前文提到的噪音干扰这一情况，作形式主语。故填It。 6. 考查定语从句关系副词 句意：中国已在长江沿岸建立了多个自然保护区，在这些区域严格禁止捕鱼。先行词为reserves，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 7. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：近年来，在一些江段，江豚的数量已经趋于稳定。“in recent years”为现在完成时的标志词，主语populations为复数。故填have stabilized。 8. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：政府还启动了一个迁地保护项目，将一些江豚转移到更安全的牛轭湖。 move与主语The government之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作伴随状语。故填moving。 9. 考查非谓语动词(动名词作主语） 句意：有一点是明确的：拯救江豚需要的不仅仅是保护措施……“______ the finless porpoise”在that从句中作主语，表示“拯救江豚这件事”，应用动名词短语。故填saving。 10. 考查状语从句连接词 句意：当我们/如果我们保护这只“微笑的天使”时，我们不仅仅是在拯救一个物种。根据句意，可填When（当……时）或If（如果）。故填When / If。 Passage 3 The Art of Living Lightly on the Planet In an era of climate crisis, the question is no longer whether we should change our lifestyles, 1. ______ how quickly we can do so. Green living — once considered a niche choice for environmental activists — has entered the mainstream, 2. ______ (prove) that small actions, when multiplied by millions, can create meaningful change. So what does green living look like in practice? For many young Chinese, it starts with rejecting single-use plastics. Carrying a reusable water bottle and bringing your own shopping bags are simple habits 3. ______ collectively save thousands of plastic items from entering oceans each year. No less impressive is the rise of “second-hand culture,” with apps like Xianyu making it easier than ever 4. ______ (buy) and sell used goods. Never before have young people embrace the idea 5. ______ “someone’s trash is someone else’s treasure” with such enthusiasm. Food choices also matter. Reducing meat consumption, even for just one day a week, 6. ______ (significance) lowers your carbon footprint. Some young people 7. ______ (go) further, adopting plant-based diets not out of moral pressure but out of genuine concern for the planet. “I don’t feel like I’m sacrificing anything,” says college student Li Wei. “Rather I feel like I 8. ______ (make) a better choice for myself and the world.” The beauty of green living lies in its accessibility. You don’t need to be perfect — what you need is to start somewhere. Turn off lights when leaving a room. Take 9. ______ stairs instead of the elevator. Repair than replace. These small acts, 10. ______ (repeat) by millions, are the seeds from which a sustainable future grows. 【答案】 1. but 2. proving 3. that / which 4. to buy 5. that 6. significantly 7. have gone 8. am making 9. the 10. repeated 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了绿色生活方式的具体实践，鼓励年轻人从小事做起，为可持续发展贡献力量。 1. 考查固定搭配（not...but...） 句意：问题不再是我们是否应该改变生活方式，而是我们能多快做到这一点。“not whether...but how...”为并列结构，表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。 2. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：绿色生活已经进入主流，证明小行动乘以数百万就能带来有意义的改变。prove与主句之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作结果状语。故填proving。 3. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：这些简单的习惯每年共同阻止数千件塑料制品进入海洋。先行词为habits，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，应用that或which引导。故填that / which。 4. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：闲鱼等应用程序使买卖二手商品变得比以往任何时候都更容易。“make it + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构中，不定式作真正的宾语。故填to buy。 5. 考查同位语从句连接词 句意：年轻人从未如此热情地拥抱“某人的垃圾是另一人的宝藏”这一理念。先行词为the idea，空格后为同位语从句，说明idea的具体内容，从句结构完整，应用that引导（that无实义，仅起连接作用）。故填that。 6. 考查副词 句意：减少肉类消费，即使每周只有一天，也能显著降低你的碳足迹。修饰动词lowers应用副词形式。故填significantly。 7. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：一些年轻人走得更远，采用植物性饮食……“have gone further”表示“已经走得更远”，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响（他们现在已采用植物性饮食）。故填have gone。 8. 考查动词时态（现在进行时） 句意：相反，我觉得我正在为自己和世界做出更好的选择。根据语境（说话时正在进行的动作或当前的状态），应用现在进行时，主语为I。故填am making。 9. 考查冠词（定冠词） 句意：走楼梯而不是乘电梯。“take the stairs”为固定搭配，表示“走楼梯”，用定冠词the。故填the。 10. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：这些被数百万人重复的小行动，是可持续未来生长的种子。acts与repeat之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被重复），应用过去分词短语作定语。故填repeated。 Passage 4 Lessons from the Desert Where Life Refuses to Give Up The Taklamakan Desert, stretching across China’s Xinjiang region, is one of the harshest environments on Earth. 1. ______ (know) as the “Sea of Death,” it receives less than 40 millimeters of rain annually. Yet even here, life finds a way. Hidden beneath the shifting sand dunes lies a complex ecosystem, 2. ______ plants and animals have developed extraordinary survival strategies over thousands of years. Take the saxaul (梭梭) tree, for example. 3. ______ (equip) with roots that can reach 15 meters deep, it anchors itself firmly against the constant wind. Its leaves have evolved into tiny scales, 4. ______ (minimize) water loss in the burning sun. Hardly 5. ______ a drop of rain falls before the tree’s roots absorb it, storing moisture for the long dry months ahead. “This tree doesn’t just survive — it thrives (茁壮成长),” says ecologist Dr. Zhang, 6. ______ has studied desert ecosystems for two decades. “It offers us a powerful lesson about adaptation.” The desert also holds secrets beneath its surface. Ancient riverbeds, 7. ______ (bury) for millennia, still contain underground water that supports pockets of life. These oases (绿洲) serve 8. ______ critical stopovers for migratory birds traveling along the Central Asian flyway. Never before have scientists fully appreciated the ecological 9. ______ (important) of these seemingly barren landscapes. Perhaps the greatest lesson the Taklamakan offers is this: nature does not waste energy fighting conditions it cannot change. 10. ______ it does is to adapt — and in doing so, it reveals a wisdom that we, in our modern world, would do well to learn. 【答案】1. Known 2. where 3. Equipped 4. minimizing 5. has 6. who / that 7. buried 8. as 9. importance 10. What 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了塔克拉玛干沙漠中生命的顽强适应能力，以及这些沙漠生态系统带给人类的启示。 1. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：被称为“死亡之海”的塔克拉玛干沙漠年降雨量不足40毫米。know与主语The Taklamakan Desert之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被称作），应用过去分词短语作定语。故填Known。 2. 考查定语从句关系副词 句意：在移动的沙丘之下隐藏着一个复杂的生态系统，植物和动物在这里发展出了非凡的生存策略。先行词为ecosystem，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。 3. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：它的根系可达15米深，使它能够牢牢地固定在不断吹来的风中。equip与It（the saxaul tree）之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被装备），应用过去分词短语作原因状语。故填Equipped。 4. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：它的叶子进化成了微小的鳞片，最大限度地减少了在烈日下的水分流失。minimize与主语Its leaves之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作结果状语。故填minimizing。 5. 考查倒装结构与现在完成时 句意：雨滴刚一落下，树的根系就将其吸收，为漫长的旱季储存水分。“Hardly + 助动词 + 主语 + 过去分词 + before...”为固定倒装结构，表示“一……就……”。应用现在完成时，助动词has提前。故填has。 6. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：研究沙漠生态系统二十年的生态学家张博士说。先行词为Dr. Zhang，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指人，应用who或that引导。故填who / that。 7. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：被埋藏了数千年的古河床仍然含有地下水，支撑着生命的存在。主语riverbeds与bury之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填buried。 8. 考查介词（固定搭配） 句意：这些绿洲是沿中亚迁徙路线飞行的候鸟的重要中途停留地。“serve as”为固定搭配，意为“充当、作为”。故填as。 9. 考查名词 句意：科学家们从未如此充分地认识到这些看似贫瘠的景观的生态重要性。形容词ecological后应接名词作宾语，important的名词形式为importance。故填importance。 10. 考查主语从句连接词 句意：大自然所做的就是适应。“______ it does”为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语（指“所……的事物”），应用What引导。故填What。 话题5 科学探索与思维品质 Passage 1 The Milgram Experiment — A Shocking Lesson in Obedience In the early 1960s, psychologist Stanley Milgram conducted an experiment 1. ______ would forever change our understanding of human obedience. The study, 2. ______ (design) to investigate how far people would go in following orders, produced results that were both surprising and disturbing. Participants were told 3. ______ (take) part in a learning experiment. They were asked to deliver electric shocks to another person — 4. ______ an actor pretending to be a learner — each time a wrong answer was given. The shocks increased in intensity, labeled from “Slight Shock” to “Danger: Severe Shock.” Never before had researchers expected that so many participants 5. ______ (continue) to the highest level, even when the “learner” cried out in apparent pain. 6. ______ Milgram discovered was ordinary people, simply following orders, could perform acts that went against their personal morals. Of the 40 participants, 26 continued to the maximum level. No less 7. ________ (strike) was the fact that none of them refused to continue before reaching 300 volts. The experiment raised profound (深刻的) questions about the nature of authority and individual responsibility. 8. ______ some have criticized its methods as unethical, Milgram’s findings remain highly influential. They remind us that we must constantly question authority and think 9. ______ (critical) — even when, or especially when, faced with orders that seem 10. ________ . 【答案】 1. that / which 2. designed 3. to take 4. an 5. would continue 6. What 7. striking 8. Although / Though 9. critically 10. acceptable 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了米尔格拉姆的电击实验，揭示了普通人可能在权威命令下做出违背个人道德的行为。 1. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：20世纪60年代初，心理学家斯坦利·米尔格拉姆进行了一项实验，这项实验将永远改变我们对人类服从的理解。先行词为experiment，关系词在定语从句中作主语，指物，应用that或which引导。故填that / which。 2. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：这项旨在调查人们在服从命令方面会走多远的研究，产生了既令人惊讶又令人不安的结果。study与design之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被设计），应用过去分词短语作定语。故填designed。 3. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：参与者被告知参加一个学习实验。“were told to do sth.”为固定搭配，不定式作主语补足语。故填to take。 4. 考查冠词 句意：他们被要求对另一个人——一个假装是学习者的演员——施加电击。此处泛指“一个演员”，且actor以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 5. 考查动词时态（过去将来时） 句意：研究人员从未预料到会有如此多的参与者会一直施加到最高级别的电击……主句为过去时（had expected），从句动作发生在主句之后（尚未发生），应用过去将来时。故填would continue。 6. 考查主语从句连接词 句意：米尔格拉姆所发现的是，普通人仅仅听从命令，就可能做出违背个人道德的行为。“______ Milgram discovered”为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语（指“所……的事物”），应用What引导。故填What。 7. 考查词性转换（形容词） 句意：同样引人注目的是，没有一个人在达到300伏特之前拒绝继续。“No less + 形容词 + was the fact that...”为倒装结构，strike需转换为形容词striking，意为“引人注目的、显著的”。故填striking。 8. 考查让步状语从句连接词 句意：尽管一些人批评其实验方法不道德，但米尔格拉姆的发现仍然具有高度影响力。前后句为让步关系，应用Although或Though引导。故填Although / Though。 9. 考查副词 句意：他们提醒我们必须不断质疑权威，批判性地思考……修饰动词think应用副词形式。故填critically。 10. 考查形容词 句意：……即使面对看似可接受的命令时。acceptable意为“可接受的、合理的”。故填acceptable。 Passage 2 Why Do Birds Flock Together? The Science of Collective Behavior Standing in an open field at sunset, one cannot help but be impressed by the sight of thousands of starlings (椋鸟)moving as one. This phenomenon, 1. ______ (know) as a murmuration, raises a fascinating question: how do individual birds coordinate their movements 2. ______ any leader giving orders? Scientists 3. ______ (discover) that each bird follows three simple rules: move toward your neighbors, keep a comfortable distance, 4. ______ match their direction. No single bird directs the group; rather, the complex patterns emerge from countless local interactions. This is 5. ______ scientists call “self-organization” — a process 6. ______ order arises without central control. What makes this research particularly valuable is its application beyond biology. Engineers have used these principles 7. ______ (design) better drone swarms, and computer scientists have developed algorithms inspired by flocking behavior. Hardly has a field of study benefited so much from 8. ______ observing nature’s simplest creatures. The next time you see birds flying in formation, remember: you are witnessing a form of collective intelligence. 9. ______ there is no bird in charge, the group behaves as if guided by a hidden hand. What is true for starlings may also hold valuable lessons for human societies — 10. ______ we can cooperate without control, and how order can emerge from freedom. 【答案】 1. known 2. without 3. have discovered 4. and 5. what 6. where 7. to design 8. observing 9. Although / Though / While 10. how 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了椋鸟群飞的集体行为现象，揭示了自组织的科学原理及其对人类社会的启示。 1. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：这种现象被称为“群飞”，提出了一个引人入胜的问题……phenomenon与know之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被称作），应用过去分词短语作定语。故填known。 2. 考查介词 句意：个体鸟类如何在没有任何领导者发号施令的情况下协调它们的动作？根据句意“没有领导者”，应用without表示“无、没有”。故填without。 3. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：科学家已经发现，每只鸟遵循三条简单的规则……描述已经完成的研究发现，并对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时；主语Scientists为复数。故填have discovered。 4. 考查连词（并列） 句意：靠近你的邻居，保持舒适的距离，并匹配它们的方向。三个规则为并列关系，最后两项之间应用and连接。故填and。 5. 考查表语从句连接词 句意：这就是科学家所说的“自组织” ……“______ scientists call”为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语（指“所……的事物”），应用what引导。故填what。 6. 考查定语从句关系副词 句意：……一个无需中央控制就能产生秩序的过程。先行词为process，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语（in which），应用where引导。故填where。 7. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：工程师们利用这些原理来设计更好的无人机集群……“use sth. to do sth.”为固定搭配，不定式作目的状语。故填to design。 8. 考查动名词（作宾语） 句意：很少有哪个研究领域从观察自然界最简单的生物中获益如此之多。介词from后接动名词作宾语。故填observing。 9. 考查让步状语从句连接词 句意：虽然没有哪只鸟负责指挥，但整个群体表现得仿佛有一只无形的手在引导。 前后句为让步关系，应用Although/Though/While引导。故填Although / Though / While。 10. 考查宾语从句连接词（与how并列） 句意：……我们如何在无控制的情况下合作，以及秩序如何从自由中产生。“______ we can cooperate”与后面的“how order can emerge”为并列结构，应用how引导，表示“如何”。故填how。 Passage 3 The Structure of Human Societies — What History Teaches Us Throughout history, human societies have organized themselves in remarkably different ways. From small hunter-gatherer bands to vast empires, the structure of society 1.______ (shape) everything — how people work, whom they marry, and even 2. ______ they think. Anthropologists have identified three broad types of social organization. The simplest is the band, which typically consists of 20 to 50 people 3._______ (relate) by blood. Hardly are made any formal leadership exists in such groups; decisions 4. ______ (make) through discussion and general agreement. The tribe, larger than the band, often relies on clan (宗族) structures and shared traditions. The most complex is the state, 5. ______ (feature) a central government, social classes, and written laws. What drives the transition from one type to another? The answer, 6. ______ (large) lies in how a society produces food. Hunting and gathering supports small bands. Farming allows larger, settled populations, 8. ______ leads to specialization and, eventually, social hierarchy (等级). “The plow,” one historian noted, “changed human history more than any weapon.” 8.______ this classification helps us understand past societies, it would be a mistake to see it as a fixed ladder of progress. Each type has its own strengths and 9._______ (weak). Perhaps the most important lesson is this: no single social structure is universally superior. 10. ______ matters is finding arrangements that work for particular times and places. 【答案】 1. shapes 2. how 3. related 4. are made 5. featuring 6. largely 7. which 8. While / Although / Though 9. weaknesses 10. What 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类社会从部落到国家的三种组织形式，以及生产方式对社会结构的影响。 1. 考查动词时态（一般现在时） 句意：社会结构塑造着一切——人们如何工作、与谁结婚，甚至他们如何思考。本文描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时；主语the structure of society为第三人称单数。故填shapes。 2. 考查宾语从句连接词 句意：……甚至他们如何思考。“______ they think”与前面的how people work和whom they marry并列，应用how表示“如何”。故填how。 3. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：最简单的是游群，通常由20到50个有血缘关系的人组成。people与relate之间为逻辑上的被动关系（被关联），应用过去分词短语作定语。故填related。 4. 考查动词时态与语态（一般现在时被动） 句意：在这样的群体中几乎不存在任何正式的领导；决定通过讨论和普遍共识来做出。decisions与make之间为被动关系，描述一般事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语decisions为复数。故填are made。 5. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：最复杂的是国家，其特点是拥有中央政府、社会阶层和成文法律。the state与feature之间为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词短语作定语。故填featuring。 6. 考查副词 句意：答案主要在于社会如何生产食物。修饰动词lies应用副词形式，largely意为“主要地、在很大程度上”。故填largely。 7. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：农业支持着规模更大、定居的人口，这导致了专业化，并最终形成了社会等级。先行词为整个上文的描述（农业支持更大人口这件事），关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。 8. 考查让步状语从句连接词 句意：虽然这种分类有助于我们理解过去的社会，但如果将其视为一个固定的进步阶梯，那就错了。前后句为让步关系，应用While/Although/Though引导。故填While / Although / Though。 9. 考查名词复数 句意：每种类型都有其自身的优势和劣势。weakness在此处为可数名词，表示“弱点、劣势”，与前面的strengths并列，应用复数形式。故填weaknesses。 10. 考查主语从句连接词 句意：重要的是找到适合特定时间和地点的安排。“______ matters”为主语从句，从句中缺少主语（指“所……的事物”），应用What引导。故填What。 Passage 4 The Hidden Power of Language — How Words Shape Thought Have you ever considered that the language you speak might influence how you see the world? This idea, known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, 1._______ has sparked decades of debate among linguists and psychologists since it came into being. It suggests that language is 2. ______ merely a tool for expressing thoughts, but a force that actively shapes them. One famous study compared speakers of languages that use absolute directions (north, south, east, west) with those 3. ______ use relative directions (left, right, forward, back). Researchers 4. ______ (find) that speakers of absolute-direction languages, such as certain Australian Aboriginal languages, always know which way is north — 5. ______ ability most city-dwellers lack. Never before had scientists fully appreciated how 6______ (deep) language could influence basic cognitive skills. A different example 7. ______ (involve) color perception. Russian speakers, who have separate words for light blue (goluboy) and dark blue (siniy), can distinguish between these shades more quickly than English speakers, who use one word for both. 8. _______, the hypothesis remains controversial. Although language powerfully influences thought, it does not strictly determine it. We can always learn new words and, in doing so, expand our mental 9._______ (horizon). The next time you learn a foreign word that has no exact equivalent in your native tongue, pause 10. ______ (consider): you are not just learning a new label. You may be gaining a new way of seeing. 【答案】 1. has sparked 2. not 3. who / that 4. (have) found 5. an 6. deeply 7. involves 8. However 9. horizons 10. to consider 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了萨丕尔-沃尔夫假说，探讨语言如何影响和塑造人类的思维方式。 1. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：这个被称为萨丕尔-沃尔夫假说的观点自产生以来，已经在语言学家和心理学家中引发了数十年的争论。“since it came into being”为现在完成时的标志词，主语this idea为第三人称单数。故填has sparked。 2. 考查固定搭配（not merely...but...） 句意：它表明语言不仅仅是表达思想的工具，而且是积极塑造思想的力量。“not merely...but...”为固定结构，意为“不仅仅是……而且是……”。故填not。 3. 考查定语从句关系代词 句意：一项著名研究比较了使用绝对方向语言的人与使用相对方向语言的人。先行词为those（指人），关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用who或that引导。故填who / that。 4. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：研究人员发现，使用绝对方向语言的人总是知道哪边是北——这是大多数城市居民缺乏的一种能力。描述已经完成的研究发现，并对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时；主语Researchers为复数。故填have found。 5. 考查冠词 句意：……这是大多数城市居民缺乏的一种能力。此处泛指“一种能力”，且ability以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 6. 考查副词 句意：科学家们以前从未充分认识到语言能够深刻地影响基本的认知技能。修饰动词influence应用副词形式。故填deeply。 7. 考查动词时态（一般现在时） 句意：另一个例子涉及颜色感知。本文描述一般事实，应用一般现在时；主语example为第三人称单数。故填involves。 8. 考查副词（转折） 句意：然而，这一假说仍然存在争议。“However”用于句首表示转折，意为“然而、不过”，后常有逗号隔开。故填However。 9. 考查名词复数 句意：……拓宽我们的精神视野。horizon意为“视野、眼界”，常用复数形式horizons表示“眼界、范围”。故填horizons。 10. 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：停下来想一想。“pause to do sth.”为固定搭配，不定式作目的状语，意为“停下来去做某事”。故填to consider。 话题6 校园生活与未来规划 Passage 1 How to Apply for College Successfully Applying to college can be a challenging process, but breaking it down into manageable steps makes all the difference. Start by researching universities that match your academic interests 1.________ personal values. 2.________ you should avoid is applying to too many schools—focus on five to seven well-chosen ones instead. When preparing your 3.________ (apply) materials, pay special attention to the personal statement. This essay, which tells your unique story, should highlight 4.________ experience that shaped who you are today. Once you finish a draft, ask a teacher to read it carefully. A fresh pair of eyes often catches mistakes you 5.________ (overlook). Letters of recommendation matter greatly. Choose teachers 6.________ know you well and can describe specific moments from class. A general letter praising your diligence never impresses as much as one mentioning your 7.________ (think) question about history or your creative approach to 8.________ (solve) a math problem. Finally, organize a timeline with clear deadlines. Submit everything at least two days early, because technical problems often arise at the last moment. Only by staying 9.________ (organize) can you reduce stress and present your best self. Remember, colleges want genuine students, not perfect 10.________ (one). So be honest, be confident, and let your application reflect the real you. 【答案】 1. and 2. What 3. application 4. an 5. have overlooked 6. who 7. thoughtful 8. solving 9. organized 10. ones 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何高效、有序地申请大学，涵盖了选校策略、个人陈述撰写、推荐信选择及时间管理等关键步骤。 1. 考查并列连词 句意：从研究与你学术兴趣和个人价值观相匹配的大学开始。“academic interests”与“personal values”为并列的名词短语，逻辑上构成顺承关系。故填and。 2. 考查名词性从句（主语从句） 句意：你应该避免的是申请太多学校——取而代之的是专注于五到七所精心挑选的学校。此处引导主语从句，且在该从句中作动词avoid的宾语，表示“所……的事情”。故填What。 3. 考查词形转换（名词作定语） 句意：当你准备申请材料时，要特别注意个人陈述。空格后为名词materials，需要定语修饰。application materials为固定搭配，意为“申请材料”，此处用名词作定语表示材料的用途。故填application。 4. 考查冠词 句意：这篇讲述你独特故事的文章，应该突出一个塑造了今日之你的经历。experience此处表示“一次经历”，为可数名词单数且首次提及，故需不定冠词；experience以元音音素开头。故填an。 5. 考查动词时态（现在完成时） 句意：一双新的眼睛（他人视角）常常能捕捉到你曾经忽略的错误。此处表示“过去忽略的动作对现在（老师审阅时）产生的影响”，且无明确过去时间状语。故填have overlooked。 6. 考查定语从句（关系代词） 句意：选择那些了解你且能描述课堂具体瞬间的老师。先行词teachers指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填who。 7. 考查词形转换（形容词） 句意：一封泛泛表扬你勤奋的推荐信，远不如一封提到了你在历史课上提出的深思熟虑的问题或你创造性地解决数学问题的方法的信更令人印象深刻。空格处需形容词修饰名词question，think的形容词thoughtful意为“深思熟虑的”，符合语境。故填thoughtful。 8. 考查非谓语动词（动名词） 句意：同上。approach to中的to为介词，其后需接名词或动名词作宾语。故填solving。 9. 考查词形转换（形容词） 句意：只有保持有条理，你才能减轻压力并呈现最好的自己。staying在此处为系动词（保持），后需接形容词作表语。organized意为“有条理的”。故填organized。 10. 考查代词 句意：记住，大学想要的是真诚的学生，而不是完美的学生。此处用代词替代前文提到的复数名词students，表示泛指同类事物。故填ones。 Passage 2 How to Balance Study and Life in High School Many students believe that success requires studying every waking hour. Nothing could be further from the truth. In fact, a 1.________ (balance) life leads to better grades and greater happiness. The key lies in planning, not in working yourself to 2.________ (exhaust). Start by creating a weekly schedule 3.________ blocks out study time, physical activity, and socializing. Once you 4.________ (write) it down, follow it strictly— 5.________ something urgent occurs, do not let distractions steal your focus. A student who studies for two focused hours and then plays basketball often outperforms the one who studies poorly for five hours straight. Learning to say no is 6.________ (equal) important. You do not have to join every club or attend every party. Instead, choose activities that truly recharge you. For example, spending an hour 7.________ friends after finishing your math homework can clear your mind, 8.________ (make) you more efficient when you return to studying. Never ignore rest. 9.________ (stay) up late for a test, you may find that you remember less than usual the next day. So prioritize sleep and exercise. A well-rested brain absorbs knowledge 10.________ (fast), and a happy heart turns learning into a joy rather than a burden. Only then can you truly enjoy both your books and your friends. 【答案】 1. balanced 2. exhaustion 3. that/which 4. write/have written 5. unless 6. equally 7. with 8. making 9. Having stayed 10. faster 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了高中生如何通过合理规划、学会拒绝和重视休息来平衡学习与生活，从而获得更好的学业表现和更高的幸福感。 1. 考查词形转换（形容词） 句意：事实上，平衡的生活能带来更好的成绩和更大的幸福感。空格后为名词life，需要形容词作定语。balance的形容词balanced意为“平衡的”。故填balanced。 2. 考查词形转换（名词） 句意：关键在于规划，而不是把自己累到筋疲力尽。介词to后需接名词作宾语。exhaust的名词形式exhaustion意为“筋疲力尽”，此处构成固定搭配to exhaustion。故填exhaustion。 3. 考查定语从句（关系代词） 句意：首先制定一个每周计划，这个计划要划分出学习时间、体育活动时间和社交时间。先行词schedule指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语。故填that或which。 4. 考查动词时态（一般现在时或现在完成时） 句意：一旦你把它写下来，就要严格遵守。Once引导的时间状语从句可用一般现在时表示将来，也可用现在完成时强调动作的完成。主语you后接动词原形或have done。故填write或have written。 5. 考查状语从句连接词 句意：除非有紧急事情发生，否则不要让杂事偷走你的注意力。前后句构成“除非……否则……”的逻辑关系，unless意为“除非”，相当于if not。故填unless。 6. 考查词形转换（副词） 句意：学会说不也同样重要。空格处需副词修饰形容词important。equal的副词形式equally意为“同样地”。故填equally。 7. 考查介词 句意：例如，完成数学作业后和朋友共度一小时可以让你头脑清醒。spend time with sb.为固定搭配，意为“与某人共度时光”。故填with。 8. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词） 句意：同上，这让你在回到学习状态时更加高效。空格处作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，逻辑主语为前文整个句子。故填making。 9. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词的完成式） 句意：为了一次考试而熬夜到很晚，你可能会发现第二天记住的东西比平时少。分词短语作时间状语，且动作stay up late发生在主句谓语may find之前，需用完成式。故填Having stayed。 10. 考查副词比较级 句意：休息良好的大脑吸收知识更快。此处将“休息良好的大脑”与“睡眠不足的大脑”进行隐性比较，且结合语境需用比较级。fast的比较级为faster。故填faster。 Passage 3 How to Get Involved in School Projects School projects offer more than just credits—they provide a stage 1.________ you can turn your ideas into action. But how do you find the right one? Start by asking yourself what problem you truly care about solving. 2.________ it is a recycling campaign or a tutoring program, the best projects grow from genuine curiosity. Once you have identified an area, find a teacher who supports student 3.________ (initiate). Approaching them with a simple proposal— 4.________ (include) the goal, steps, and expected outcome—shows responsibility. Teachers appreciate students who think ahead, and their guidance 5.________ (save) you from common pitfalls. Having secured a supervisor, gather a small team of classmates with different 6.________ (strong). One might be good at design, another at writing, and a third at public speaking. Only by working together can you create something none of you could achieve alone. During the project, keep records of your progress. Photographs, survey results, and meeting notes serve 7.________ evidence of your effort. Finally, share your results with the school community.8.________ (present) your work at an assembly or on a bulletin board, you will inspire others 9.________ (start) their own projects. And that ripple effect—which spreads far 10.________ your initial effort—is perhaps the most rewarding part of all. 【答案】 1. where 2. Whether 3. initiatives 4. including 5. will save 6. strengths 7. as 8. Having presented 9. to start 10. beyond 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何参与学校项目，从发现兴趣、寻找指导老师、组建团队到分享成果，鼓励学生将想法转化为行动。 考查定语从句（关系副词） 句意：学校项目提供的不仅仅是学分——它们提供了一个舞台，在这个舞台上你可以将想法转化为行动。先行词stage表示地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。 考查让步状语从句连接词 句意：无论是回收活动还是辅导项目，最好的项目都源于真正的好奇心。whether...or...为固定搭配，意为“无论是……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。故填Whether（注意首字母大写）。 考查词形转换（名词复数） 句意：一旦你确定了一个领域，就去寻找支持学生主动行动的老师。initiate的名词形式为initiative，意为“主动性、倡议”；此处表示“学生们的主动行动”，为可数名词且泛指多个，用复数形式。故填initiatives。 考查非谓语动词（介词） 句意：带着一个包含目标、步骤和预期成果的简单提案去接近他们，这显示出责任感。including意为“包括”，是介词，后接名词性成分作宾语，此处构成独立结构补充说明proposal。故填including。 考查动词时态（一般将来时） 句意：老师们欣赏有超前思维的学生，并且他们的指导将帮你避免常见的陷阱。此处表示对未来的预测，且与前文shows responsibility在时间上形成先后关系。故填will save。 考查词形转换（名词复数） 句意：找到指导老师后，召集一群具有不同长处的小组成员。strong的名词形式为strength，意为“长处、优势”；different后接可数名词复数，表示各不相同的多种长处。故填strengths。 考查介词 句意：照片、调查结果和会议记录都可以作为你努力的证据。serve as为固定搭配，意为“充当、作为”。故填as。 考查非谓语动词（现在分词的完成式） 句意：在集会或公告板上展示了你的成果之后，你将激励他人开始他们自己的项目。分词短语作时间状语，且动作present发生在主句谓语will inspire之前，需用完成式。故填Having presented（注意首字母大写）。 考查非谓语动词（不定式） 句意：同上。inspire sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“激励某人做某事”，不定式作宾语补足语。故填to start。 考查介词 句意：而这种远远超出你最初努力的涟漪效应，也许是最有价值的部分。根据句意“超出、越过”，且与far构成程度修饰。故填beyond。 Passage 4 Physics or History: Which Stream Is Right for You? Standing at the crossroads of subject selection, many senior two students find themselves 1.________ (tear) between Physics and History. What you need to understand is that neither choice is inherently superior—the key lies in matching the stream to your unique abilities and aspirations (志向、抱负). Choosing Physics opens doors to engineering, computer science, and medicine. This path, 2.________ demands strong logical reasoning and mathematical skills, suits those enjoying abstract problem-solving. Physicists often say, "Only by mastering fundamental principles can you truly understand the world." 3.________, the workload is heavy, and without genuine interest, you may find yourself struggling with complex formulas late into the night. Opting for History, on the other hand, 4.________ (lead) to careers in law, education, journalism, and public administration. History cultivates critical thinking, evidence analysis, and persuasive writing—skills valued across many professions. 5.________ attracts most students is the opportunity to understand human society and its development. Yet, this stream requires extensive reading and memorization, which some may find 6.________ (little) exciting than hands-on experiments. 7.________ (weigh) both options carefully, ask yourself three questions: Do numbers and patterns excite you? Or do stories and arguments fascinate you more? It is your genuine curiosity, not parental pressure or peer influence, 8.________ should guide your decision. Remember, 9.________ stream guarantees success automatically—only sustained effort 10._________ (combine) with true passion will unlock your full potential. Choose wisely, then commit wholeheartedly. 【答案】 1. torn 2. which 3. However 4. leads 5. What 6. less 7. Having weighed 8. that 9. neither 10. combined 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，分析了高二学生在选科时面对物理类和历史类两个方向的纠结，从能力要求、发展路径和个人兴趣等角度对比利弊，引导学生做出适合自己的选择。 1. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：站在选科的十字路口，许多高二学生发现自己陷入物理和历史之间的两难选择。“find oneself + 过去分词”表示“发现自己被……”，tear意为“撕扯”，torn表示“被撕扯的、纠结的”，形象地描绘了内心的矛盾状态。故填torn。 2. 考查定语从句（关系代词） 句意：这条需要强大逻辑推理和数学技能的路径，适合那些喜欢抽象问题解决的学生。先行词path指物，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语。故填which。 3. 考查副词（衔接词） 句意：然而，学业负担很重，如果没有真正的兴趣，你可能会发现自己深夜还在与复杂的公式作斗争。上文讲述选择物理的优势，此处转而说明其弊端，构成转折关系，且空格后有逗号隔开。故填However（注意首字母大写）。 4. 考查动词时态（一般现在时） 句意：选择历史，另一方面，会导向法律、教育、新闻和公共管理等领域。本文为一般性论述，使用一般现在时；动名词短语Opting for History作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填leads。 5. 考查名词性从句（主语从句） 句意：最吸引大多数学生的是有机会了解人类社会及其发展。空格处引导主语从句，且在该从句中作主语，表示“所……的事物”。故填What。 6. 考查副词比较级 句意：然而，这个方向需要大量的阅读和记忆，有些人可能会觉得这不如动手实验那么令人兴奋。根据than可知需用比较级，且上下文将历史类与物理类进行隐性对比，little的比较级为less，构成“less + 形容词原级 + than”结构。故填less。 7. 考查非谓语动词（现在分词的完成式） 句意：在仔细权衡了这两个选项之后，问自己三个问题。分词短语作时间状语，且动作weigh发生在主句谓语ask之前，需用完成式；逻辑主语为句子的隐含主语you。故填Having weighed（注意首字母大写）。 8. 考查强调句型 句意：应该是你真正的好奇心，而不是父母的压力或同伴的影响，来指导你的决定。此处为It is...that...强调结构，被强调部分为your genuine curiosity, not parental pressure or peer influence。故填that。 9. 考查代词（不定代词） 句意：记住，没有哪个方向能自动保证成功——只有持续的努力与真正的热情相结合，才能释放你的全部潜力。neither意为“两者都不”，表示对物理和历史两个方向的否定。故填neither。 10. 考查非谓语动词（过去分词） 句意：同上。空格处作后置定语修饰sustained effort，combine与effort之间为逻辑上的被动关系，意为“被结合起来的努力”。故填combined。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 七选五6大常考话题 话题1 传统文化与遗产保护 话题4 人与自然和谐共生 话题2 科技前沿与数字生活 话题5 科学探索与思维品质 话题3 健康成长与心理健康 话题6 校园生活与未来规划 话题1 传统文化与遗产保护 Passage 1 The Wisdom Behind Suzhou’s Classical Gardens Suzhou’s classical gardens, widely regarded as the pinnacle of Chinese landscape design, offer visitors more than just beautiful scenery. 1. ______ (create) during the Song and Ming dynasties, these gardens were built as peaceful private houses 2. ______ scholars and artists could escape the pressures of official life. 3.________ Western gardens, which emphasize symmetry and open lawns, Suzhou gardens feature winding paths, irregularly shaped ponds, and carefully placed rocks. One of the most impressive techniques is “borrowed scenery” (jie jing), where 4. ______ (design) incorporate distant pagodas or mountains into the garden’s view, making the space appear much larger than it actually is. Walking through these gardens, a visitor never sees the whole layout at once. Instead, the view 5. ______ (reveal) gradually as one moves along twisting corridors. This design encourages people to slow down and experience a sense of discovery. No wonder 6. ______ has been said that entering a Suzhou garden is like stepping into a three-dimensional poem. In 1997, UNESCO added several of these gardens 7. ______ the World Heritage List. Today, facing the challenges of modern tourism and environmental pressure, preservationists are working hard 8________ (protect) the original designs. They remind us that true 9. ______ (wise) lies not in dominating nature but in living harmoniously with it. For anyone 10. ______ (seek) peace in a fast-paced world, Suzhou’s gardens remain a timeless source of inspiration. Passage 2 The Magic of Face-Changing in Sichuan Opera Among China’s many regional opera forms, Sichuan Opera stands out for one breathtaking technique: face-changing, or bian lian. This art, 1. ______ history dates back nearly 300 years, allows performers to switch masks in the blink of an eye, leaving audiences in complete amazement. The masks, made of silk or paper, 2. ______ (paint) in vivid colors — red for loyalty, white for cunning, and black for uprightness. Performers change masks using a variety 3. ______ secret movements: a sudden turn of the head, a sweep of the fan, or a swift wave of the sleeve. skillfully executed, these changes happen so fast that even slow-motion cameras sometimes fail 4. ______ (capture) them. It is said that masters spend decades practicing just one sequence, 5. ______ (ensure) that every movement flows naturally into the next. What sets face-changing apart from mere trickery is 6. ______ emotional depth. Each change reflects a character’s inner turmoil. For example, when a general is betrayed by his 7.________ trusted friend, his mask might switch from red to white in a single spin. 8.________Although technology could easily recreate these effects today, traditional performers insist on doing everything live. “The mask is not a tool,” one old artist once said. “It is my second face.” However, this ancient craft faces a serious threat. To preserve its mystery, masters traditionally taught only one student per generation, resulting in a 9._________ (shortage of young performers. Recently, some troupes have begun offering public workshops, hoping to attract a new generation. If these efforts succeed, the art of face-changing may yet survive another three centuries. Until then, each performance remains a precious reminder that some magic 10. ______ (need) no explanation — only admiration. Passage 3 Living Root Bridges: Where Nature Meets Engineering In the village of Cherrapunji, located in northeastern India, there exists a form of bridge unlike any other. These bridges are not built — they 1. ______ (grow). Known as “living root bridges,” they are created by training the aerial roots of the rubber tree across rivers and streams. At first glance, they appear to be the work of fantasy, yet they serve as essential 2._______ (cross) for local communities. The process of making one such bridge is astonishingly slow. Villagers guide young roots through hollowed-out betel nut tree trunks, 3. ______ act as temporary supports. Over time — often 10 to 15 years — the roots reach the opposite bank and take root in the soil. As the roots thicken and strengthen, more are added. Eventually, a bridge emerges that can support the weight of dozens of people. Unlike steel or concrete, these living structures become 4. ______ (strong) with age, some lasting over 500 years. 5. ______ makes these bridges truly remarkable is that they improve rather than harm the environment. They do not require cutting down trees or mining materials. Walking on a 6._______ (live) root bridge, one can feel the cool surface of the roots beneath bare feet. The bridge breathes, grows, and adapts. During monsoon floods, when wooden bridges are washed away, the root bridges stand firm. Today, only a handful of villages still practice this ancient skill. Modern concrete bridges, which are faster 7. ______ (build), have replaced many root bridges. However, some young engineers 8. ______ (start) documenting the technique, hoping to apply its principles to sustainable architecture. They argue that nature’s greatest lesson lies not in haste, 9._______ in the quiet power of patience and the wisdom of adaptation. The living root bridges of Cherrapunji stand as a living testament to the harmony between human need and 10. ______ (nature) wisdom. Passage 4 Mark Twain and the Soul of the Mississippi No writer is more closely associated with a river than Mark Twain is with the Mississippi. Born in 1835, he grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, a small town 1. ______ (lie) on the river's western bank. As a boy, he dreamed of becoming a steamboat pilot — a profession that required not just skill but a near-photographic memory of the river's channels. At 21, he earned his license. Little 2. ______ he know this experience would become the foundation of his literary career. The river appears in nearly all his major works. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, 3. ______ (wide) considered the first Great American Novel, the river serves as both a setting and a symbol. It is 4. ______ the runaway slave Jim and the rebellious boy Huck seek freedom; it also constantly challenges their journey. Twain's genius lay in capturing the river's double nature. To an outsider, the Mississippi might appear calm. 5. ______ to a trained pilot like Twain, it was full of hidden dangers — sunken logs and shifting sandbars. He once wrote, "6. ______ face of the water became a wonderful book — a book that was a dead language to the 7. ______ (educate) passenger, but told me its secrets." Today, the Mississippi no longer 8._______ (carry) the steamboat traffic of Twain’s era. Yet his books keep the river's cultural memory 9. ______ (live). Thousands of visitors travel to Hannibal each year to visit his boyhood home. As long as people read Twain's works, the Mississippi will remain not just a river but a living character — one 10. ______ speaks of adventure, friendship, and the enduring complexity of the American spirit. 话题2 科技前沿与数字生活 Passage 1 Human-Robot Dance: A Moment of Perfect Trust On the stage of the 2026 CCTV Spring Festival Gala, something extraordinary happened. For the first time in the gala’s history, human dancers and humanoid robots performed side by side, their movements 1. ______ (harmonize) with astonishing precision. The robots, whose aluminum alloy frames allowed for fluid motion, spun and leaped in ways that once seemed 2. ______ (possible). What made the performance truly remarkable was not the robots’ technical perfection, but 3. ______ natural their interactions with human dancers appeared. At one point, a robot caught a 4. ______ (fall) dancer — a moment designed into the routine, yet executed with such gentleness that the audience gasped. “We programmed the movements,” said the lead choreographer, “5. ______ the trust had to be earned.” Hardly had the performance ended 6. ______ social media exploded with admiration. Viewers described the dance as “a glimpse into a future 7._______ humans and machines coexist, not as rivals, but as partners.” The technology behind the robots represents 8._______ breakthrough in motion-capture and real-time adaptation. Unlike traditional programmed robots, which merely repeat fixed actions, these machines can read human body language and adjust their responses 9.________ within milliseconds. For those 10. ______ (worry) about machines replacing humans, this performance offered a different vision — one of collaboration, not competition. Passage 2 The Virtual Choir That United the World Imagine singing in a choir with 10,000 people from 50 different countries — yet never leaving your living room. 1. ______ seemed like a fantasy just a decade ago has now become reality, thanks to a groundbreaking virtual choir project featured at the 2026 Spring Festival Gala. 2. ______ (connect) through a cloud-based platform, singers from around the globe recorded their parts separately, while artificial intelligence flawlessly mixed their voices into a single, 3. ________ (harmony) performance. Never before 4. ______ technology made such emotional connection possible across vast distances. Each singer, 5. ______ (wear) headphones and following a digital conductor, contributed their unique voice to a collective whole. The result was a breathtaking interpretation of Auld Lang Syne, a familiar melody 6. ______ took on new meaning when sung by thousands united in spirit if not in space. “When I heard my voice blend with someone from the other side of the earth,” one participant recalled, “I felt as if we 7. ______ (be) all part of something larger than ourselves.” The project’s success points to a future where geographical boundaries no longer limit artistic 8. ______ (express). However, as the conductor noted, “Technology provides the platform, but the heart shall provide the song.” For the millions who 9. ______ (watch) the performance, the virtual choir was not just a technological wonder — it was a reminder 10. ______ music, like hope, knows no borders. Passage 3 The Mechanical Eyes That See What Humans Cannot At first glance, the vehicles navigating the streets of Beijing in early 2026 look like ordinary cars. Look closer, however, and you will notice something 1. ______ (usual): a rotating sensor on the roof, constantly scanning the environment. These are the “mechanical eyes” of autonomous vehicles, 2. ______ (equip) with technology that allows them to see 3. ______ lies beyond human perception. Hardly had a pedestrian stepped into the crosswalk before the car’s system has already calculated their speed, direction, and estimated time of 4. ______ (arrive). The sensors, which combine LiDAR and high-definition cameras, create a real-time 3D map of the surroundings, 5. ______ (identify) everything from lost animals to fallen branches. “Human eyes can see about 200 meters on a clear day,” explained a chief engineer. “Our mechanical eyes see 300 meters in heavy fog.” It was this technology 6. ______ enabled a fleet of autonomous taxis to operate safely during the Spring Festival travel rush, completing over 10,000 trips 7. ______ a single accident. Critics once argued that machines could never match human intuition. But the data 8. ______ (tell) a different story: in many scenarios, these mechanical eyes actually outperform human drivers, reacting to dangers in as little as 0.1 seconds. For those 9. ______ remain skeptical, the engineer offered a simple response: “We’re not here 10. ______ (replace) drivers. We’re here to make the roads safer for everyone.” Passage 4 When Plastic Eats Itself: A Microbial Solution Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste find their way into oceans, where they remain for centuries, breaking down into tiny particles that harm marine life. But 1. ______ if plastic could simply — disappear? Scientists in Shanghai have developed a revolutionary solution: bacteria engineered to digest plastic, 2. ______ (turn) a pollutant that once lasted for 500 years into harmless natural substances within weeks. The process, 3. ______ (call) “bio-recycling,” works like this: specially designed microorganisms 4. ______ (introduce) to plastic waste in controlled environments. These microbes produce enzymes (酶)5. ______ break down the long molecular chains of plastic, effectively “eating” them. 6. ______ remarkable is the speed of this process that a single bacterium can consume its own 7. ______ (weigh) in plastic every hour. “We used to think of plastic as indestructible,” said the lead researcher. “Now we’re learning that nature, 8. ______ given the right tools, can solve the very problems we created.” The technology 9. ______ (test) in several pilot projects already, reducing plastic waste by over 90% in some cases. For a world drowning in disposable products, these plastic-eating bacteria offer more than just a cleanup method — they offer hope. And sometimes, What is needed most is not a 10. ______ (big) machine, a smaller, smarter idea. 话题3 健康成长与心理健康 Passage 1 The Top Ten Worries Facing Teens Today A recent survey has identified ten major concerns troubling Chinese teenagers, with appearance anxiety and parent-child conflicts 1. ______ (rank) at the top. Never before 2. ______ young people feel such intense pressure to meet unrealistic beauty standards, fueled by filtered (过滤) images on social media. 3. ______ (equip) with the knowledge that these images are often digitally altered, many teens still struggle to accept their own reflections. The survey also reveals that nearly 60% of adolescents find 4. ______ difficult to communicate with their parents. “We speak different languages,” one student explained, 5. ______ (refer) not to Chinese or English, but to emotional expression. What makes the situation worse is that both sides want the same thing — understanding — yet neither knows how to start the conversation. Schools across the country are now introducing emotional literacy programs, 6. ______ aim is to help students identify and express their feelings 7. ______ (healthy). “Admitting that you’re struggling is not a sign of weakness,” says Dr. Chen, a child psychologist. “8. ______ it is actually the first step toward strength.” For teens 9. ______ (trap) in silence, these words may be exactly what they need 10. ______ (hear). Passage 2 Five Science-Backed Tips to Beat Insomnia Lying awake at 2 a.m., watching the clock tick closer to dawn, is 1. ______ experience that no teenager wants. With academic pressure and social anxiety rising, sleep disorders among adolescents 2. ______ (double) over the past decade. 3. ______ (improve) your sleep quality, you don’t necessarily need medication — small changes in daily routine can make a remarkable difference. First, establish a consistent sleep schedule, even on weekends. 4. ______ (confuse) your body’s internal clock by sleeping late on Sundays, only to wake up early on Mondays, is like giving your brain jet lag without ever leaving home. Second, create a digital sunset — put away electronic devices at least one hour before bed. The blue light 5. ______ (release) by screens suppresses melatonin, the hormone 6. ______ tells your brain it’s time to sleep. Third, try the “military method” developed for soldiers: relax your face, drop your shoulders, and breathe slowly. Fourth, if sleep won’t come, get out of bed. Lying there 7. ______ (worry) only strengthens the association between your bed and anxiety. Finally, remember that one bad night doesn’t ruin you. 8. ______ you have done your best to relax, let go of the rest. After all, the gentle art of falling asleep 9. ______ (learn) rather than forced. And that is perhaps 10. ______ every insomniac needs to hear most. Passage 3 The Optimist’s Guide to Surviving Teenage Years Optimism is not about ignoring life’s difficulties. Rather, it is about approaching those difficulties with a mindset that expects positive outcomes. For teenagers 1. ______ (struggle) with academic pressure or social rejection, learning 2. ______ (see) the glass as half full can be nothing short of life-changing. So how does one cultivate optimism? The first step is to recognize 3. ______ your inner voice is saying. When you fail a test, do you think, “I’m stupid,” or “I didn’t study hard enough this time”? The former is a fixed mindset, 4. ______ the latter is a growth mindset — and research shows that the latter leads to greater resilience (恢复力、适应力). 5. ______ (simple) changing “I can’t do this” to “I can’t do this yet” adds the powerful notion of future improvement. Another technique is to practice gratitude daily. Before bed, write 6. ______ three good things that happened that day. 7. ______ small they may seem — a friend’s smile, a good meal, a sunny day — this exercise trains your brain to scan for positives 8. ______ than negatives. Over time, what was once a struggle becomes a habit. And the beautiful thing about optimism is that it feeds on 9. ______ (it). The more you practice, the more natural it becomes. After all, happiness is not a destination 10. ______ you finally arrive; it is a way of traveling. Passage 4 Understanding “Puppy Love” — A Parent’s Guide When parents discover their teenager is in a romantic relationship, their first reaction is often panic. 1. ______ (forget) their own youthful experiences, they worry about falling grades, broken hearts, and worst of all, the loss of childhood innocence. However, research suggests that early romantic experiences, 2. ______ (manage) properly, can actually serve as valuable emotional training grounds. Adolescent relationships, commonly 3. ______ (refer) to as “puppy love,” typically last only a few months. Far from being a waste of time, these brief connections teach teenagers essential skills: how to communicate needs, how to handle rejection, and how to balance multiple priorities. Never before 4. ______ young people need such skills more, given the increasing complexity of modern social dynamics. So what should parents do? First, avoid overreacting. Forbidding a relationship outright often drives it underground, making it 5. ______ (hard) to monitor. Second, keep communication open. Ask questions out of 6. ______ (curious), not judgment: “What do you like about this person?” Third, establish clear boundaries 7. ______ respecting your teen’s privacy. A good rule of thumb: what is dangerous is not the relationship itself, but the loss of perspective. 8.______ (ultimate), the goal is not to prevent puppy love, but to guide teens through it. After all, the ability 9. ______ (form) healthy relationships is a skill 10. ______ will serve them well into adulthood. And that is a lesson that no textbook can teach. 话题4 人与自然和谐共生 Passage 1 The Maasai: Living in Harmony with Africa’s Wildlife On the vast grasslands of East Africa, where lions roar and wild animals move by the millions, lives a people who have mastered a rare art — 1. ______ (live) in peace with nature. The Maasai, a traditional ethnic group in Kenya and Tanzania, do not see wildlife as a threat to be eliminated, 2. ______ as a resource to be shared. Never before has any other community achieved such a balance 3. ______ human needs and wildlife protection. The Maasai graze (放牧) their cattle on the same grasslands 4. ______ zebras and giraffes wander. Rather than building permanent fences that would block animal migration routes, they practice moving their cattle around — changing fields according to the seasons. This ancient practice, 5. ______ (pass) down over generations, allows the land to recover while leaving natural pathways open for wild animals. What makes the Maasai truly 6. ______ (remark) is their attitude toward dangerous animals. When a lion attacks their cattle, they do not simply kill it in revenge (报复). Equipped with traditional knowledge and modern tools, they 7. ______ (strong) their cattle pens (牛栏) and use bright lights to drive the lion away. “A living lion brings us more value through tourism than a dead one,” explains a local elder, whose words reflect a wisdom that many modern societies 8. ______ (forget). During the dry season, the Maasai dig wells 9. ______ (share) water with wild animals, leaving low open spaces where thirsty zebras and other animals can drink. This model is so successful that Maasai-owned lands now support as much wildlife 10. ______ the national parks themselves. For a world facing environmental crises, the Maasai offer a powerful lesson: humans and nature can not only live together — they can grow strong together. Passage 2 The Silent Crisis Facing the Yangtze Finless Porpoise Known as the “smiling angel” of the Yangtze River, the finless porpoise has inhabited China’s longest river for over 20 million years. 1. ______ (recognize) by its charming, upturned mouth, this intelligent creature is now fighting for survival. Never before has the species faced such a severe threat, 2. ______ only around 1,000 individuals remaining in the wild. The porpoise (鼠海豚)’s decline is closely linked to human activity. Overfishing 3. ______ (reduce) its food supply, while cargo ships crowd its living space. Worse still, the noise pollution from shipping traffic interferes with the animal’s sonar system, 4. ______ it relies on to navigate and find food. “5. ______ is like trying to hear a whisper in a rock concert,” explains Dr. Wang, a marine biologist who has studied the species for two decades. However, there is reason for hope. China has established several nature reserves along the Yangtze, 6. ______ fishing is strictly prohibited. These protected areas have seen encouraging results: in some sections, porpoise populations 7. ______ (stabilize) in recent years. The government has also launched a relocation program, 8. ______ (move) some porpoises to safer oxbow lakes (牛轭湖). What remains clear is that 9. ______ the finless porpoise requires more than conservation efforts — it demands a fundamental shift in how we view our relationship with nature. As one researcher put it, “10. ______ we protect the ‘smiling angel,’ we are not just saving a species. We are restoring the soul of the Yangtze.” Passage 3 The Art of Living Lightly on the Planet In an era of climate crisis, the question is no longer whether we should change our lifestyles, 1. ______ how quickly we can do so. Green living — once considered a niche choice for environmental activists — has entered the mainstream, 2. ______ (prove) that small actions, when multiplied by millions, can create meaningful change. So what does green living look like in practice? For many young Chinese, it starts with rejecting single-use plastics. Carrying a reusable water bottle and bringing your own shopping bags are simple habits 3. ______ collectively save thousands of plastic items from entering oceans each year. No less impressive is the rise of “second-hand culture,” with apps like Xianyu making it easier than ever 4. ______ (buy) and sell used goods. Never before have young people embrace the idea 5. ______ “someone’s trash is someone else’s treasure” with such enthusiasm. Food choices also matter. Reducing meat consumption, even for just one day a week, 6. ______ (significance) lowers your carbon footprint. Some young people 7. ______ (go) further, adopting plant-based diets not out of moral pressure but out of genuine concern for the planet. “I don’t feel like I’m sacrificing anything,” says college student Li Wei. “Rather I feel like I 8. ______ (make) a better choice for myself and the world.” The beauty of green living lies in its accessibility. You don’t need to be perfect — what you need is to start somewhere. Turn off lights when leaving a room. Take 9. ______ stairs instead of the elevator. Repair than replace. These small acts, 10. ______ (repeat) by millions, are the seeds from which a sustainable future grows. Passage 4 Lessons from the Desert Where Life Refuses to Give Up The Taklamakan Desert, stretching across China’s Xinjiang region, is one of the harshest environments on Earth. 1. ______ (know) as the “Sea of Death,” it receives less than 40 millimeters of rain annually. Yet even here, life finds a way. Hidden beneath the shifting sand dunes lies a complex ecosystem, 2. ______ plants and animals have developed extraordinary survival strategies over thousands of years. Take the saxaul (梭梭) tree, for example. 3. ______ (equip) with roots that can reach 15 meters deep, it anchors itself firmly against the constant wind. Its leaves have evolved into tiny scales, 4. ______ (minimize) water loss in the burning sun. Hardly 5. ______ a drop of rain falls before the tree’s roots absorb it, storing moisture for the long dry months ahead. “This tree doesn’t just survive — it thrives (茁壮成长),” says ecologist Dr. Zhang, 6. ______ has studied desert ecosystems for two decades. “It offers us a powerful lesson about adaptation.” The desert also holds secrets beneath its surface. Ancient riverbeds, 7. ______ (bury) for millennia, still contain underground water that supports pockets of life. These oases (绿洲) serve 8. ______ critical stopovers for migratory birds traveling along the Central Asian flyway. Never before have scientists fully appreciated the ecological 9. ______ (important) of these seemingly barren landscapes. Perhaps the greatest lesson the Taklamakan offers is this: nature does not waste energy fighting conditions it cannot change. 10. ______ it does is to adapt — and in doing so, it reveals a wisdom that we, in our modern world, would do well to learn. 话题5 科学探索与思维品质 Passage 1 The Milgram Experiment — A Shocking Lesson in Obedience In the early 1960s, psychologist Stanley Milgram conducted an experiment 1. ______ would forever change our understanding of human obedience. The study, 2. ______ (design) to investigate how far people would go in following orders, produced results that were both surprising and disturbing. Participants were told 3. ______ (take) part in a learning experiment. They were asked to deliver electric shocks to another person — 4. ______ an actor pretending to be a learner — each time a wrong answer was given. The shocks increased in intensity, labeled from “Slight Shock” to “Danger: Severe Shock.” Never before had researchers expected that so many participants 5. ______ (continue) to the highest level, even when the “learner” cried out in apparent pain. 6. ______ Milgram discovered was ordinary people, simply following orders, could perform acts that went against their personal morals. Of the 40 participants, 26 continued to the maximum level. No less 7. ________ (strike) was the fact that none of them refused to continue before reaching 300 volts. The experiment raised profound (深刻的) questions about the nature of authority and individual responsibility. 8. ______ some have criticized its methods as unethical, Milgram’s findings remain highly influential. They remind us that we must constantly question authority and think 9. ______ (critical) — even when, or especially when, faced with orders that seem 10. ________ . Passage 2 Why Do Birds Flock Together? The Science of Collective Behavior Standing in an open field at sunset, one cannot help but be impressed by the sight of thousands of starlings (椋鸟)moving as one. This phenomenon, 1. ______ (know) as a murmuration, raises a fascinating question: how do individual birds coordinate their movements 2. ______ any leader giving orders? Scientists 3. ______ (discover) that each bird follows three simple rules: move toward your neighbors, keep a comfortable distance, 4. ______ match their direction. No single bird directs the group; rather, the complex patterns emerge from countless local interactions. This is 5. ______ scientists call “self-organization” — a process 6. ______ order arises without central control. What makes this research particularly valuable is its application beyond biology. Engineers have used these principles 7. ______ (design) better drone swarms, and computer scientists have developed algorithms inspired by flocking behavior. Hardly has a field of study benefited so much from 8. ______ observing nature’s simplest creatures. The next time you see birds flying in formation, remember: you are witnessing a form of collective intelligence. 9. ______ there is no bird in charge, the group behaves as if guided by a hidden hand. What is true for starlings may also hold valuable lessons for human societies — 10. ______ we can cooperate without control, and how order can emerge from freedom. Passage 3 The Structure of Human Societies — What History Teaches Us Throughout history, human societies have organized themselves in remarkably different ways. From small hunter-gatherer bands to vast empires, the structure of society 1.______ (shape) everything — how people work, whom they marry, and even 2. ______ they think. Anthropologists have identified three broad types of social organization. The simplest is the band, which typically consists of 20 to 50 people 3._______ (relate) by blood. Hardly are made any formal leadership exists in such groups; decisions 4. ______ (make) through discussion and general agreement. The tribe, larger than the band, often relies on clan (宗族) structures and shared traditions. The most complex is the state, 5. ______ (feature) a central government, social classes, and written laws. What drives the transition from one type to another? The answer, 6. ______ (large) lies in how a society produces food. Hunting and gathering supports small bands. Farming allows larger, settled populations, 8. ______ leads to specialization and, eventually, social hierarchy (等级). “The plow,” one historian noted, “changed human history more than any weapon.” 8.______ this classification helps us understand past societies, it would be a mistake to see it as a fixed ladder of progress. Each type has its own strengths and 9._______ (weak). Perhaps the most important lesson is this: no single social structure is universally superior. 10. ______ matters is finding arrangements that work for particular times and places. Passage 4 The Hidden Power of Language — How Words Shape Thought Have you ever considered that the language you speak might influence how you see the world? This idea, known as the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, 1._______ has sparked decades of debate among linguists and psychologists since it came into being. It suggests that language is 2. ______ merely a tool for expressing thoughts, but a force that actively shapes them. One famous study compared speakers of languages that use absolute directions (north, south, east, west) with those 3. ______ use relative directions (left, right, forward, back). Researchers 4. ______ (find) that speakers of absolute-direction languages, such as certain Australian Aboriginal languages, always know which way is north — 5. ______ ability most city-dwellers lack. Never before had scientists fully appreciated how 6______ (deep) language could influence basic cognitive skills. A different example 7. ______ (involve) color perception. Russian speakers, who have separate words for light blue (goluboy) and dark blue (siniy), can distinguish between these shades more quickly than English speakers, who use one word for both. 8. _______, the hypothesis remains controversial. Although language powerfully influences thought, it does not strictly determine it. We can always learn new words and, in doing so, expand our mental 9._______ (horizon). The next time you learn a foreign word that has no exact equivalent in your native tongue, pause 10. ______ (consider): you are not just learning a new label. You may be gaining a new way of seeing. 话题6 校园生活与未来规划 Passage 1 How to Apply for College Successfully Applying to college can be a challenging process, but breaking it down into manageable steps makes all the difference. Start by researching universities that match your academic interests 1.________ personal values. 2.________ you should avoid is applying to too many schools—focus on five to seven well-chosen ones instead. When preparing your 3.________ (apply) materials, pay special attention to the personal statement. This essay, which tells your unique story, should highlight 4.________ experience that shaped who you are today. Once you finish a draft, ask a teacher to read it carefully. A fresh pair of eyes often catches mistakes you 5.________ (overlook). Letters of recommendation matter greatly. Choose teachers 6.________ know you well and can describe specific moments from class. A general letter praising your diligence never impresses as much as one mentioning your 7.________ (think) question about history or your creative approach to 8.________ (solve) a math problem. Finally, organize a timeline with clear deadlines. Submit everything at least two days early, because technical problems often arise at the last moment. Only by staying 9.________ (organize) can you reduce stress and present your best self. Remember, colleges want genuine students, not perfect 10.________ (one). So be honest, be confident, and let your application reflect the real you. Passage 2 How to Balance Study and Life in High School Many students believe that success requires studying every waking hour. Nothing could be further from the truth. In fact, a 1.________ (balance) life leads to better grades and greater happiness. The key lies in planning, not in working yourself to 2.________ (exhaust). Start by creating a weekly schedule 3.________ blocks out study time, physical activity, and socializing. Once you 4.________ (write) it down, follow it strictly— 5.________ something urgent occurs, do not let distractions steal your focus. A student who studies for two focused hours and then plays basketball often outperforms the one who studies poorly for five hours straight. Learning to say no is 6.________ (equal) important. You do not have to join every club or attend every party. Instead, choose activities that truly recharge you. For example, spending an hour 7.________ friends after finishing your math homework can clear your mind, 8.________ (make) you more efficient when you return to studying. Never ignore rest. 9.________ (stay) up late for a test, you may find that you remember less than usual the next day. So prioritize sleep and exercise. A well-rested brain absorbs knowledge 10.________ (fast), and a happy heart turns learning into a joy rather than a burden. Only then can you truly enjoy both your books and your friends. Passage 3 How to Get Involved in School Projects School projects offer more than just credits—they provide a stage 1.________ you can turn your ideas into action. But how do you find the right one? Start by asking yourself what problem you truly care about solving. 2.________ it is a recycling campaign or a tutoring program, the best projects grow from genuine curiosity. Once you have identified an area, find a teacher who supports student 3.________ (initiate). Approaching them with a simple proposal— 4.________ (include) the goal, steps, and expected outcome—shows responsibility. Teachers appreciate students who think ahead, and their guidance 5.________ (save) you from common pitfalls. Having secured a supervisor, gather a small team of classmates with different 6.________ (strong). One might be good at design, another at writing, and a third at public speaking. Only by working together can you create something none of you could achieve alone. During the project, keep records of your progress. Photographs, survey results, and meeting notes serve 7.________ evidence of your effort. Finally, share your results with the school community.8.________ (present) your work at an assembly or on a bulletin board, you will inspire others 9.________ (start) their own projects. And that ripple effect—which spreads far 10.________ your initial effort—is perhaps the most rewarding part of all. Passage 4 Physics or History: Which Stream Is Right for You? Standing at the crossroads of subject selection, many senior two students find themselves 1.________ (tear) between Physics and History. What you need to understand is that neither choice is inherently superior—the key lies in matching the stream to your unique abilities and aspirations (志向、抱负). Choosing Physics opens doors to engineering, computer science, and medicine. This path, 2.________ demands strong logical reasoning and mathematical skills, suits those enjoying abstract problem-solving. Physicists often say, "Only by mastering fundamental principles can you truly understand the world." 3.________, the workload is heavy, and without genuine interest, you may find yourself struggling with complex formulas late into the night. Opting for History, on the other hand, 4.________ (lead) to careers in law, education, journalism, and public administration. History cultivates critical thinking, evidence analysis, and persuasive writing—skills valued across many professions. 5.________ attracts most students is the opportunity to understand human society and its development. Yet, this stream requires extensive reading and memorization, which some may find 6.________ (little) exciting than hands-on experiments. 7.________ (weigh) both options carefully, ask yourself three questions: Do numbers and patterns excite you? Or do stories and arguments fascinate you more? It is your genuine curiosity, not parental pressure or peer influence, 8.________ should guide your decision. Remember, 9.________ stream guarantees success automatically—only sustained effort 10._________ (combine) with true passion will unlock your full potential. Choose wisely, then commit wholeheartedly. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $