Unit4 The wonders of nature 知识点归纳（短语+用法集萃+句型+语法+写作）+既学既练 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语学案以“自然奇观”为主题，围绕Unit4核心目标，整合短语归纳、词形变化、语法规则（比较级与最高级）及话题写作等模块，通过“基础积累-语法应用-主题表达”的递进式设计，构建从词汇到语用的完整学习路径，助力学生系统掌握单元知识。 亮点在于“自然景观广告”写作任务设计，学生需运用比较级最高级描述青海湖等景观，融合“人与自然”主题，既提升语言表达能力，又增强文化意识。配套即学即练巩固语法，为教师提供从知识梳理到能力训练的全流程教学支持，促进学生深度学习与综合素养发展。

人教版（2024） 八年级下册英语各单元知识点归纳 Unit4 The wonders of nature ◆短语归纳 1.square kilometre 平方千米 4. bit by bit 一点一点地; 逐渐地 7. dive into 潜入; 跳入 10.in the world 在世界上 2.sea level 海平面 5. cubic metre 立方米 8.the height of ……的高度 11.on earth 究竟; 在地球上 3. at all costs 不惜任何代价 6. at the top of 在……顶上 9.connect with (使)连接；联结 12.by all means 当然; 务必 ◆用法集萃 1. would like to do sth想要做某事。 2. determine to do sth. 决心做某事 3.make sb do sth 使某人做某事 4. Let’s do sth.咱们做某事吧。 5.What /How about doing sth?做某事怎么样? 6. Here is/are...这是…… 7.without doing sth 没有做某事 8.one of +形容词/副词最高级+名词复数 ——表示最....之一 9. be interested in doing sth 做....感兴趣 10.risk one's life to do sth. 冒着生命危险做某事 ◆词形变化 1.wonder n.奇观；惊叹；感到诧异 → wonderful adj.精彩的；绝妙的 2. measurement n.数量；测量 → measure v.测量； n.措施 3. depth n.深(度)；纵深 → deep adj.深的； 4. dive v.&n.潜水；跳水；俯冲 → diver n.潜水员；跳水运动员 → diving n.潜水(运动)；跳水(运动) 5. unusual adj.特别的；不寻常的 → usual adj.通常的；平常的 → usually adv.通常；平常 6.development n.发展；壮大→develop v.发展；开发→developed adj.发达的；成熟的→developing adj.发展中的 7. climber n.攀登者；登山者 → climb v.攀登；攀爬 8. northern adj.北部的；向北的 → north n.北；北 方； adj.北方的； adv.向北 9.successfully adv.成功地；顺利地→succeed v.成功；达成→success n.成功；成就→successful adj.成功的； 10.explorer n.探险者；勘探者→ explore v.探索；勘探→ exploration n.探索；勘探 11. attract v.吸引；招引；引起(反应)→ attraction n.吸引力；景点→ attractive adj.有吸引力的；迷人的 12. traveller n.旅行者；游客 → travel v.旅行；游历 ◆重点句型 What is the biggest desert in the world? It is the Sahara Desert. How big is it? It is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size. Where is the deepest point in the ocean? It is in the Mariana Trench. How deep is it? It is about 11,000 metres deep. Some deep-sea animals are blind, but they can“see” as well as others. Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world, and it is still growing taller. The Yangtze River travels the farthest in China and is about 6,300 kilometres long. ◆话题写作 【话题分析】 本单元教材写作情境为“为青海湖或其他自然景观写一则广告”，属于“人与自然”主题范畴中“自然生态”这一主题群，涉及子主题有“中国主要城市及家乡的地理位置与自然环境；世界主要国家的地理位置与自然景观；世界不同地区的生态特征”等。常见的写作任务是描述某个国家或地区的自然景观。体裁多为书信等应用文或说明文。 教材写作解读 (Unit 4 Section B 3c P39) 审题指导 1.文体：说明文 2.人称：第二人称 3.时态：一般现在时 思路点拨 教材写作品读 Do you love the beauty of nature ? Do you want to explore ① one of the most amazing natural wonders of the world? If so, come to Qinghai Lake! ② Located in Qinghai Province, China, Qinghai Lake is one of the most wonderful salt lakes you can ever visit. It covers about 4,340 square kilometres, making it the largest lake in China.The water here is clear and blue. You can photograph lovely wildlife, like special fish and beautiful birds,③ as much as you can. You can also visit the peaceful islands around the lake. Ride a bike or a horse along the banks ④bit by bit, and you' ll feel the gentle wind and the beauty of nature all around. ⑤ Only if you come to Qinghai Lake will you understand why it's a dream place for nature lovers. Come and be amazed by its beauty! 教材原句 ①【Section B 1b】 To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. (one of the… natural wonders of the world 世界最……的自然景观之一) ②【Section B 2c】 Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world's most famous lakes. (located in…坐落于……) ③【Section A 4c】 It went on for as far as the eye could see.(as… as one can 尽可能) ④【Section B 1b】 Bit by bit, the climbers pulled themselves up…(bit by bit一点一点地) ⑤【Section B 1b】… and that is only if they survive the terrible conditions first.(only if 只有在……的时候) 教材素材积累 开头句 Do you want to visit an unusual place? (用 full of作后置定语进行升格) Do you want to visit an unusual place full of natural wonders and a long history? 中间句 1. It's famous for its unique geological features.(用with 作伴随状语进行升格) It’s famous for its unique geological features, with lots of strange rocks and beautiful valleys. 2. Located in Siberia, Russia, Lake Baikal is one of the world's most famous lakes.【教 材Section B 2c】 仿写：庐山位于江西省九江市，是联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产地。 Located in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province,Mount Lu shan is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 3. When you visit it, you can hike along the mountain paths.(用动名词作伴随状语进行升格) When you visit it, you can hike along the mountain paths, enjoying the fresh air and wonderful views。 结尾句 For people who love the ocean, visiting theGreat Barrier Reef is the dream of a lifetime! 【教材 Section B 3a】 仿写：对于那些热爱自然与文化的人来说，游览庐山是个不错的选择！ For those who love nature and culture , visiting Mount Lushan is a good choice! 【名言积累】 1. The beauty of the natural world lies in the details.自然界的美，藏在每一个微小的细节里。 2. If you truly love nature, you will find beauty everywhere.真正热爱自然的人，眼中处处是风景。 范文背诵 A Beautiful Wonder of Nature I'd like to introduce a beautiful wonder of nature to you. It's Mount Emei. Mount Emei is in Sichuan Province, China.It has tall, green mountains and the air is fresh.People can see amazing views from the top. It is famous because of its green forests, clear streams, and lovely flowers. I like it because it is very quiet and relaxing. People can also see many cute monkeys and enjoy the beautiful nature. What do you think is the most beautiful natural wonder ? ◆单元语法归纳 一、变化规则 (Transformation Rules) 规则 变化 分类 规则 示例 单音节词和部分 双音节词 大多数词后加 -er 或 -est fast → faster → fastest 以字母e结尾的词后加 -r 或 -st large → larger → largest 重读闭音节词,双写末尾辅音字母，再加 -er 或 -est fat → fatter → fattest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，去y变i，再加 -er 或 -est heavy → heavier → heaviest 多音节词和部分 双音节词 在词的前面加 more 或 most popular → more popular → most popular 不规则 变化 原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 good / well better best little less least bad worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest many / much more most 二、比较级的用法 (Usage of Comparatives) 句型结构 例句与解析 主语 + 动词 + 比较级 + than + 比较对象 表示“……比……更……” She pronounces words more clearly than before. 她发音比以前更清楚了。 主语 +动词 +比较级 + than any other +可数名词单数 表示同一范围内的比较，“比其他任何……都……” Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高。 比较级 + and + 比较级 表示“越来越……” ...our life is becoming more and more convenient. ...我们的生活变得越来越方便。 Which/Who... + 动词 + 比较级, A or B? 两者之间的选择 Which is fiercer, the tiger or the lion? 老虎和狮子哪个更凶猛？ 三、最高级的用法 (Usage of Superlatives) 句型结构 例句与解析 主语+动词(+the) +最高级(+名)+of/in/among短语 表示“……中最……的” He worked hardest among us. 他在我们当中最努力。 one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数 表示“最……的……之一” Traditional Chinese painting is one of the oldest art forms in the world. 中国传统绘画是世界上最古老的艺术形式之一。 the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词单数 表示“第几……” Saturn is the second biggest planet in the solar system. 土星是太阳系中第二大的行星。 Which/Who... + 动词 (+the) 最高级, A, B or C? 三者或三者以上的选择 Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack or Mike? 汤姆、杰克和迈克，谁最高？ 四、较大数字的表达 (Large Numbers) 单位词：hundred (百), thousand (千), million (百万), billion (十亿) 1. 确数 (具体数量) 规则：不加s, 不加of Ex: two thousand students 2. 概数 (模糊数量) 规则：加s, 加of Ex: thousands of students 3. 大数读法技巧 (三位一逗号) 9,956,654,321 9, 956, 654, 321 ↑ billion (十亿) ↑ million (百万) ↑ thousand (千) Read: Nine billion, nine hundred and fifty-six million, six hundred and fifty-four thousand, three hundred and twenty-one 【即学即练】 Unit4 形容词和副词的比较级与最高级 一、写出下列单词的比较级和最高级形式 1.good- 11.well- 21.much- 2.wet- 12.popular- 22.beautiful- 3.quickly- 13.thin- 23.cheap- 4.tall- 14.far- 24.fast- 5.expensive- 15.happy- 25.important- 6.little- 16.slowly- 26.little- 7.interesting- 17.big- 27.short- 8.bad- 18.easy- 28.nice- 9.small- 19.hot- 29.early- 10.young- 20.late- 30.delicious- 二、单项选 ( )1. The Yellow River is long, but the Yangtze River is than it. A. longer B. longest C. short D. shortest ( )2. Spring is warm, and summer is than spring in most parts of China. A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. the hottest ( )3. Among the three lakes, West Lake is and many people visit it every year. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful ( )4. The we protect the earth, the our lives will be. A. well; good B. better; better C. best; best D. the best; the best ( )5. The air in the countryside is much than that in the city. A. fresh B. fresher C. freshest D. the freshest ( )6. Which runs , the tiger, the lion or the cheetah? A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest ( )7. The water in this river is clean, but the water in that river is . A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest ( )8. The more we plant trees, the our environment will be. A. good B. better C. best D. the best ( )9. This small hill is not high. Can you show me a one to climb? A. high B. higher C. highest D. the highest ( )10. This park is one of places in our town on weekends. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.The Yangtze River is long, but the Nile is (long) than it. 2.Among all the seasons, spring is (warm) in my hometown. 3.The (much) we protect the forests, the (green) our earth will be. 4.This lake is big, but that one is (big) in our province. 5.This is (high) mountain I have ever climbed in my life. 6.She thinks the West Lake is one of the (beautiful) lakes in China. 7.The snow is falling (heavy) today than yesterday. 8.The (far) we walk along the coast, the more amazing scenery we can see. 9.This desert is (dry) than any other place in the country. 10This term, Jack studies (hard) than he did last term. 参考答案 一． 1. better; best 2. wetter; wettest 3. more quickly; most quickly 4. taller; tallest 5. more expensive; most expensive 6. less; least 7. more interesting; most interesting 8 worse; worst 9. smaller; smallest 10. younger; youngest 11. better; best 12. more popular; most popular 13. thinner; thinnest 14. farther/ further; farthest/ furthest 15. happier; happiest 16. more slowly; most slowly 17. bigger; biggest 18. easier; easiest 19. hotter; hottest 20. later; latest 21. more; most 22. more beautiful; most beautiful 23. cheaper; cheapest 24. faster; fastest 25.more important; most important 26. less; least 27. shorter; shortest 28. nicer; nicest 29.earlier; earliest 30. more delicious; most delicious 二、 1. A 2. B 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. D 三、 1. longer 2. the warmest 3. more; greener 4. the biggest 5. the highest 6. most beautiful 7. more heavily 8. farther/ further 9. drier 10. harder 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $