考前押题08 概要写作（期中专项训练）高一英语下学期沪外版

考前押题08 概要写作 1．（24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Should Schools Ban Smartphones? France has not allowed smartphone use in primary or secondary schools since 2018, claiming that it would help children focus, reduce their social-media use and alleviate online bullying. The key question is whether banning smartphones in schools offers any benefits to mental health. A recent study, led by Amy Orben at the University of Cambridge, asked 17, 409 people between the ages of 10 and 21 how satisfied they were with their lives and how much they used social media. The findings, reported in 2024 in Nature Communications, show that girls who increased their social media use over the course of a year were significantly less satisfied with their lives if the increase took place when they were between 11 and 13. Boys showed the same trend when increases took place when they were 14 or 15 years old. How much of this will change by banning phones in schools is unclear. In a paper published in the Lancet in February, Victoria Goodyear at the University of Birmingham compared the mental well-being of students in schools that implemented restrictive smartphone policies with those with relaxed policies. Her results show that, though those who spent more time on a smartphone overall have a decline in mental well-being, there was no difference between the two groups. She and her colleagues argue that setting up policies at schools alone is simply not enough. Researchers are trying to paint a complete picture with both hands tied behind their back. According to Dr Orben, social-media companies routinely refuse to give independent researchers access to detailed data on the behaviour of their users. This forces researchers to rely on less accurate proxy measures, like overall screen time. It means that children playing educational games are being put in the same analytical bin as children who are on social media. A more nuanced(细致的) picture of the effects of smartphones needs to be drawn. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2．（24-25高一下·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Develop Healthy Digital Habits In today’s digital world, teenagers spend increasing amounts of time on screens, which can negatively impact their physical and mental health. Developing healthy digital habits is essential for maintaining balance in life. The first step is to set clear boundaries for screen time. Experts recommend taking regular breaks using the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Turning off notifications during study time helps maintain concentration. Establishing “screen-free” zones, especially in bedrooms, can significantly improve sleep quality. Another important aspect is being mindful of online content. Following educational or inspirational accounts rather than those promoting unrealistic standards can boost mental well-being. Students should also schedule offline activities like sports, reading, or face-to-face socializing to maintain a healthy balance between virtual and real-world interactions. Parents and schools play a crucial role in modeling and teaching digital wellness. Open discussions about responsible technology use, cyberbullying prevention, and critical thinking about online information should be encouraged. Teachers can incorporate digital literacy into their curriculum to help students navigate the online world safely. By carrying out these strategies, teenagers can enjoy technology’s benefits while avoiding its risks. Healthy digital habits formed during school years will serve students well throughout their lives in our increasingly connected world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3．（23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. “Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori. With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago.” What are Lindsey and Tori talking about? I can tell you what they are saying is not nice and not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip. I have noticed the effects of gossip. An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic - breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out - that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie, people often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain. If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? That answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”. Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook. The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．（23-24高一下·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Cosmetic Surgeries Get Extreme Everyone goes through it: poking at the eye bags and the loose skin in the mirror. It’s part of the human condition to fear ageing, but among the 20 and 30 something, there seems to be a heightened anxiety around growing older, coupled with an increasingly casual attitude towards getting Botox (肉毒素，用于除皱）compared with previous generations. In 2022, 27% of US patients receiving Botox were 34 or younger, compared with 21% in 2015, according to the American Academy of Facial Plastic Surgery. The idea is to stop wrinkles before they start. So why are we so desperate to pretend we’re not growing older? For my generation, being perpetually online and scrolling through the lives of others must be a factor. It keeps us locked into a constant state of comparison. And in a time of economic uncertainty, millennials and gen Z are also unable to tick off traditional checkpoints of adulthood, so the idea that many alter their appearance to turn back the clock makes perfect sense to me. For women, our looks are aesthetic capital after all--and being beautiful can unlock social and professional success. But these treatments often don’t come with warnings; it’s up to the consumer to research potential pitfalls (陷阱). Botched (粗制滥造的)cosmetic procedures among young people are on the rise, with too many treatments taking place in unregulated beauty salons and carried out by unqualified practitioners. Last month, three women in the US contracted HIV from a cosmetic procedures intended for the skin, when an unlicensed New Mexico medical clinic reused needles that should have been disposed of, which caused understandable alarm worldwide. One friend who loves Botox said to me recently: “I can’t stay 28 for ever, but the aim is to look 28 forever.” I’m trying to reject the message that it’s wrong for women to look their true age. It can be hard to tune out the noise, but the alternative may mean a future damaged by self-doubt, expensive treatments or even regret. I think I’ll stick with the eye bags. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5．（25-26高一上·上海·期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. Sleeping is important, but we all know that, right? Many people have experienced strange sleeping patterns, weird dreams and a feeling of restlessness despite a good night’s sleep. So what sort of things can help you to improve your sleep? There’s a great number of myths (错误看法) related to sleep, some of which can be quite damaging for our health. Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher famously claimed that she only sleeps for five hours a night. But according to experts this is harmful to health. Likewise, napping (打盹) in front of the TV is another thing to avoid. The bright lights can prevent you from entering deep sleep. From a young age we’re told to count sheep to help us to nod off, with some choosing to stay in bed to battle with sleeplessness. However, some experts advise getting up and doing something mindless, like folding socks, to help us get in the mood for sleep. Psychologist Seth J. Gillihan PhD recommends walking to help in the battle against sleeplessness. He talks about a sleep study published in the journal Sleep Health which suggests that those who walk slightly more will experience better quality and duration (持续时间) of sleep. Watching what you eat or drink can also improve the amount of REM, or rapid eye movement you experience. Finally, a decent nap, or even a power nap, can help you to be more alert, calm and focused. So while there are some good tips like exercising or folding socks to help us get a good night’s sleep, sometimes a good afternoon’s sleep can help us handle the day ahead. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6．（25-26高一上·上海·期末）Tired of walling in end loss lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. However, online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to remember when browsing various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Another problem is the appearance of Items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Some even argue that online shopping indirectly causes global warning. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 7．（25-26高一上·上海·期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea of each paragraph in one complete sentence. The problem of packaging 1. A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 per cent of the total. Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary, landfills take up valuable space, often stink, and can leak harmful substances into the soil. Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution. 2. People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 2001, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this, the companies set up recycling bins in every neighbourhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to a recycling company for processing. 3. The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must remain alert and do their part. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．（24-25高一下·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Endangered Species An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct. Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don’t do anything to save them. There are many reasons why-species become endangered but most of them are due to humans. Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways. When humans move into a new area, the animals’ habitat is destroyed and there is nothing to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms. Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of habitats and animals can no longer live there. Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. Animals are killed for their fur, bones or skin, or just for sport (消遣). Some seal species are now on the verge of extinction because they are killed for their fur to make coats. Tigers are shot to make medicine and tea from their bones, and crocodiles are caught to make bags and shoes. Overfishing means that large sea creatures like whales, tuna and sharks have all become endangered species, because too many are caught to make things like shark’s fin soup. So what can individuals and governments do to protect animal and plant species from becoming endangered? We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face a financial penalty (处罚). Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species. If we all cooperate by taking these steps, we will protect our planet so that our children and their children can enjoy it too. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9．（24-25高一下·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. From vacation to work: Tips for a seamless work transition Returning to work after a vacation can feel like a daunting task. Whether you’ve spent a week exploring Paris or enjoyed a relaxing staycation, transitioning back to your daily routine may seem overwhelming. Experiencing the back-to-work blues is entirely normal. From struggling to focus to feeling slightly down, the following tips can help you ease back into your routine and regain momentum: The day before returning to work, take some time to prepare for a smooth first day. Avoid scheduling morning meetings to allow yourself ample time to catch up on pending tasks. Identify key priorities and set time limits for each task in your calendar. To ensure you start your day energized, get a good night’s sleep. Additionally, consider arriving at the office early to organize your workspace and set a positive tone for the day. Another habit to consider is minimizing distractions, particularly from your phone. To stay focused, mute notifications, block distracting apps, or keep your phone in a separate room or drawer while working. To avoid feeling overwhelmed, focus on addressing the most urgent and important tasks first. Not every email requires an immediate response-tackle those that demand immediate attention and address the rest later. Instead of isolating yourself, connect with coworkers to lift your spirits and stay engaged. Social interactions at work can enhance your mood and even improve your health. Use your first week back to catch up with colleagues over lunch or coffee. Sharing vacation stories not only strengthens workplace relationships but might also inspire ideas for your next getaway. Adjusting after a vacation takes time, so be patient with yourself. Remember that feeling out of sync is temporary, and you’ll soon regain your rhythm. Celebrate small progress and recognize that even a slow start can lead to significant achievements. Returning to work after a vacation might initially feel challenging, but with thoughtful preparation and positive habits, you can turn the experience into an opportunity for growth. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 10．（24-25高一上·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. What You Should Know about Chilies What can be both red or green, round or sharp, big or small, and more importantly, loved or hated by someone? Yes, the answer is chilies. Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies to our food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-old US man recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper, the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from “thunderclap” headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News. In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people-almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning sensation that comes from eating chilies by releasing endorphins, natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness”. And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the mortality rate (死亡率) of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by the University of Vermont came to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age.” Capsaicin (辣椒素) has anti-cancer properties and the ability to increase our metabolism. So, don’t worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us-except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题08 概要写作 1．The passage mainly explores whether banning smartphones in schools benefits students' mental health. It presents studies showing that increased social media use correlates with lower life satisfaction in certain age groups, but notes that school policies alone may not suffice, and highlights the challenge of researching this issue due to data limitations. 2．The passage discusses the importance of developing healthy digital habits for teenagers. Key strategies include setting screen time limits, creating screen-free zones, choosing positive online content, and balancing online activities with offline ones. Parents and schools should promote digital wellness through education and open discussions. These habits help teens enjoy technology safely while maintaining physical and mental health. 3．Gossip has three effects. First, embarrassing secrets and cruel lies can hurt the person being talked about. Moreover, sharing the latest rumor gives a person the satisfaction to be in a group. Third, it strengthens hidden rules people act in policing behaviors. So, people should consider the effects of gossiping. 4．There is a growing trend for young people to fear getting old and take cosmetic surgeries casually. There are several reasons, including constant comparison with others online, refusing to accept adulthood, and better job and life prospects ensured by beauty. However, some surgeries of low quality will do irreversible damage. Therefore, the author chooses to keep her true looks. 5．Due to the importance of sleep, it is necessary to improve sleep. Neither cutting down on sleep time nor sleeping with the TV on is a good idea. However, doing something mindless if you can’t fall asleep, taking a walk and minding your diet can help. Taking an afternoon nap may also help you stay energetic during the day. 6．Online shopping can free you of the trouble you meet when buying things in store. However, it has challenges. Firstly, you should bear in mind that you must use sites which deserve trusting. Secondly, you shouldn’t believe all the descriptions because they may be untrue. Lastly, you should know although the delivery may be late, it may cause global warming. 7．1. Packaging material, a major source of waste, mostly ends up in harmful landfills, and its production also pollutes air and water. 2. Companies in Germany are required to place neighborhood recycling bins so that consumers can sort rubbish into metal, plastic and paper  cartons for later processing in the recycling facility. 3. Despite the program’s initial success, rubbish amount has risen again since consumers stopped reducing waste, showing everyone still needs to stay alert. 8．Animals soon to be extinct are called endangered species which are mainly caused by humans. The main reason is habitat destruction caused by humans moving into new areas and pollution. Another reason is hunting and fishing for animals’ fur, bones or skin, and sometimes sport. Individuals and governments should cooperate to protect habitat and ban hunting and fishing. (58 words) 9．There are some tips for an easy transition from vacation to work. First, get prepared for a smooth beginning by getting your priorities straight. Second, minimize distraction from your phone and address the most urgent emails only. Moreover, interact with colleagues to enhance your mood and improve relationships. Overall, be patient with yourself during the transition. 10．Summary: Chilies, loved by many but potentially harmful, are popular in China. Despite cases like a US man suffering headaches after eating the Carolina Reaper, studies show that eating spicy food can lower mortality rates and improve health due to capsaicin’s benefits. 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 考前押题08 概要写作 1．（24-25高一下·上海浦东新·期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Should Schools Ban Smartphones? France has not allowed smartphone use in primary or secondary schools since 2018, claiming that it would help children focus, reduce their social-media use and alleviate online bullying. The key question is whether banning smartphones in schools offers any benefits to mental health. A recent study, led by Amy Orben at the University of Cambridge, asked 17, 409 people between the ages of 10 and 21 how satisfied they were with their lives and how much they used social media. The findings, reported in 2024 in Nature Communications, show that girls who increased their social media use over the course of a year were significantly less satisfied with their lives if the increase took place when they were between 11 and 13. Boys showed the same trend when increases took place when they were 14 or 15 years old. How much of this will change by banning phones in schools is unclear. In a paper published in the Lancet in February, Victoria Goodyear at the University of Birmingham compared the mental well-being of students in schools that implemented restrictive smartphone policies with those with relaxed policies. Her results show that, though those who spent more time on a smartphone overall have a decline in mental well-being, there was no difference between the two groups. She and her colleagues argue that setting up policies at schools alone is simply not enough. Researchers are trying to paint a complete picture with both hands tied behind their back. According to Dr Orben, social-media companies routinely refuse to give independent researchers access to detailed data on the behaviour of their users. This forces researchers to rely on less accurate proxy measures, like overall screen time. It means that children playing educational games are being put in the same analytical bin as children who are on social media. A more nuanced(细致的) picture of the effects of smartphones needs to be drawn. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The passage mainly explores whether banning smartphones in schools benefits students' mental health. It presents studies showing that increased social media use correlates with lower life satisfaction in certain age groups, but notes that school policies alone may not suffice, and highlights the challenge of researching this issue due to data limitations. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了学校禁止使用智能手机是否对学生的心理健康有益。 【详解】1要点摘录 ①France has not allowed smartphone use in primary or secondary schools since 2018, claiming that it would help children focus, reduce their social-media use and alleviate online bullying. The key question is whether banning smartphones in schools offers any benefits to mental health. ②A recent study...show that girls who increased their social media use over the course of a year were significantly less satisfied with their lives if the increase took place when they were between 11 and 13. Boys showed the same trend when increases took place when they were 14 or 15 years old. ③In a paper published in the Lancet in February...Her results show that, though those who spent more time on a smartphone overall have a decline in mental well-being, there was no difference between the two groups. She and her colleagues argue that setting up policies at schools alone is simply not enough. ④Researchers are trying to paint a complete picture with both hands tied behind their back...A more nuanced(细致的) picture of the effects of smartphones needs to be drawn. 2.缜密构思 将第①点作为总起句，概括文章主要探讨的内容；将第②、③点进行整合，说明研究发现；第④点作为总结，强调研究的挑战性。 3.遣词造句 The passage mainly explores whether banning smartphones in schools benefits students' mental health. It presents studies showing that increased social media use correlates with lower life satisfaction in certain age groups, but notes that school policies alone may not suffice, and highlights the challenge of researching this issue due to data limitations. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage mainly explores whether banning smartphones in schools benefits students' mental health. （使用了whether引导的宾语从句作为文章的总起句） [高分句型2] It presents studies showing that increased social media use correlates with lower life satisfaction in certain age groups, but notes that school policies alone may not suffice, and highlights the challenge of researching this issue due to data limitations.（使用了现在分词showing作后置定语以及that引导的宾语从句对第2,3,4要点进行了总结概括） 2．（24-25高一下·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. How to Develop Healthy Digital Habits In today’s digital world, teenagers spend increasing amounts of time on screens, which can negatively impact their physical and mental health. Developing healthy digital habits is essential for maintaining balance in life. The first step is to set clear boundaries for screen time. Experts recommend taking regular breaks using the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Turning off notifications during study time helps maintain concentration. Establishing “screen-free” zones, especially in bedrooms, can significantly improve sleep quality. Another important aspect is being mindful of online content. Following educational or inspirational accounts rather than those promoting unrealistic standards can boost mental well-being. Students should also schedule offline activities like sports, reading, or face-to-face socializing to maintain a healthy balance between virtual and real-world interactions. Parents and schools play a crucial role in modeling and teaching digital wellness. Open discussions about responsible technology use, cyberbullying prevention, and critical thinking about online information should be encouraged. Teachers can incorporate digital literacy into their curriculum to help students navigate the online world safely. By carrying out these strategies, teenagers can enjoy technology’s benefits while avoiding its risks. Healthy digital habits formed during school years will serve students well throughout their lives in our increasingly connected world. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The passage discusses the importance of developing healthy digital habits for teenagers. Key strategies include setting screen time limits, creating screen-free zones, choosing positive online content, and balancing online activities with offline ones. Parents and schools should promote digital wellness through education and open discussions. These habits help teens enjoy technology safely while maintaining physical and mental health. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章论述了培养青少年健康数字习惯的重要性。关键策略包括设定屏幕使用时间限制、创建无屏幕区域、选择积极的网络内容以及平衡线上活动与线下活动。家长和学校应当通过教育和开放的交流来促进数字健康。这些习惯有助于青少年安全地使用技术，同时保持身心健康。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Developing healthy digital habits is essential for maintaining balance in life. ②The first step is to set clear boundaries for screen time. Establishing “screen-free” zones, especially in bedrooms, can significantly improve sleep quality. Another important aspect is being mindful of online content. Students should also schedule offline activities like sports, reading, or face-to-face socializing to maintain a healthy balance between virtual and real-world interactions. ③Parents and schools play a crucial role in modeling and teaching digital wellness. ④By carrying out these strategies, teenagers can enjoy technology’s benefits while avoiding its risks. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 The passage discusses the importance of developing healthy digital habits for teenagers. Key strategies include setting screen time limits, creating screen-free zones, choosing positive online content, and balancing online activities with offline ones. Parents and schools should promote digital wellness through education and open discussions. These habits help teens enjoy technology safely while maintaining physical and mental health. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The passage discusses the importance of developing healthy digital habits for teenagers.运用动名词作宾语原文第一段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] These habits help teens enjoy technology safely while maintaining physical and mental health.运用了状语从句的省略对最后一段进行了概括。 3．（23-24高一下·上海·期中）Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. “Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?” Lindsey whispers to Tori. With her eyes shining, Tori brags, “You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago.” What are Lindsey and Tori talking about? I can tell you what they are saying is not nice and not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip. I have noticed the effects of gossip. An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topic - breakups, trouble at home, even dropping out - that a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie, people often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain. If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? That answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”. Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook. The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Gossip has three effects. First, embarrassing secrets and cruel lies can hurt the person being talked about. Moreover, sharing the latest rumor gives a person the satisfaction to be in a group. Third, it strengthens hidden rules people act in policing behaviors. So, people should consider the effects of gossiping. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了传播流言带来的影响。先用对话引出现象，再对产生的三个影响分别作了详细的解释说明，最后提出作者观点——在传播流言之前请三思而行。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Many of our conversations are gossip. I have noticed the effects of gossip. ②An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. ③That answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t. ④Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. ⑤The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have. 2.缜密构思 将1，5两个要点进行概括整理，将2，3，4 三个要点进行梳理。 3.遣词造句 First, embarrassing secrets and cruel lies can hurt the person being talked about. Moreover, sharing the latest rumor gives a person the satisfaction to be in a group. Third, it strengthens hidden rules people act in policing behaviors. 【点睛】[高分句型1] ：First, embarrassing secrets and cruel lies can hurt the person being talked about.  运用一个简单句对第四段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] ：Moreover, sharing the latest rumor gives a person the satisfaction to be in a group. 运用了动名词作主语对第五段内容进行概括。 4．（23-24高一下·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Cosmetic Surgeries Get Extreme Everyone goes through it: poking at the eye bags and the loose skin in the mirror. It’s part of the human condition to fear ageing, but among the 20 and 30 something, there seems to be a heightened anxiety around growing older, coupled with an increasingly casual attitude towards getting Botox (肉毒素，用于除皱）compared with previous generations. In 2022, 27% of US patients receiving Botox were 34 or younger, compared with 21% in 2015, according to the American Academy of Facial Plastic Surgery. The idea is to stop wrinkles before they start. So why are we so desperate to pretend we’re not growing older? For my generation, being perpetually online and scrolling through the lives of others must be a factor. It keeps us locked into a constant state of comparison. And in a time of economic uncertainty, millennials and gen Z are also unable to tick off traditional checkpoints of adulthood, so the idea that many alter their appearance to turn back the clock makes perfect sense to me. For women, our looks are aesthetic capital after all--and being beautiful can unlock social and professional success. But these treatments often don’t come with warnings; it’s up to the consumer to research potential pitfalls (陷阱). Botched (粗制滥造的)cosmetic procedures among young people are on the rise, with too many treatments taking place in unregulated beauty salons and carried out by unqualified practitioners. Last month, three women in the US contracted HIV from a cosmetic procedures intended for the skin, when an unlicensed New Mexico medical clinic reused needles that should have been disposed of, which caused understandable alarm worldwide. One friend who loves Botox said to me recently: “I can’t stay 28 for ever, but the aim is to look 28 forever.” I’m trying to reject the message that it’s wrong for women to look their true age. It can be hard to tune out the noise, but the alternative may mean a future damaged by self-doubt, expensive treatments or even regret. I think I’ll stick with the eye bags. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There is a growing trend for young people to fear getting old and take cosmetic surgeries casually. There are several reasons, including constant comparison with others online, refusing to accept adulthood, and better job and life prospects ensured by beauty. However, some surgeries of low quality will do irreversible damage. Therefore, the author chooses to keep her true looks. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。年轻人害怕变老，随便做整容手术的趋势越来越明显。原因有几个，包括经常在网上和别人比较，拒绝接受成年，以及美貌能保证更好的工作和生活前景。然而，一些低质量的手术会造成不可逆的损伤。因此，作者选择保持她的真实面貌。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①In 2022, 27% of US patients receiving Botox were 34 or younger, compared with 21% in 2015, according to the American Academy of Facial Plastic Surgery. The idea is to stop wrinkles before they start. ②For my generation, being perpetually online and scrolling through the lives of others must be a factor. It keeps us locked into a constant state of comparison. ③And in a time of economic uncertainty, millennials and gen Z are also unable to tick off traditional checkpoints of adulthood, so the idea that many alter their appearance to turn back the clock makes perfect sense to me. ④For women, our looks are aesthetic capital after all--and being beautiful can unlock social and professional success. ⑤Botched (粗制滥造的) cosmetic procedures among young people are on the rise, with too many treatments taking place in unregulated beauty salons and carried out by unqualified practitioners. Last month, three women in the US contracted HIV from a cosmetic procedures intended for the skin, when an unlicensed New Mexico medical clinic reused needles that should have been disposed of, which caused understandable alarm worldwide. ⑥It can be hard to tune out the noise, but the alternative may mean a future damaged by self-doubt, expensive treatments or even regret. I think I’ll stick with the eye bags. 2. 缜密构思 将第①要点作为引入，第②、第③、第④、⑤要点整合。总结第⑥要点 3. 遣词造句 ①There is a growing trend that young people fear getting old and take cosmetic surgeries casually. ②There are several reasons, which include constant comparison with others online, refusing to accept adulthood, and better job and life prospects ensured by beauty. ③Nevertheless, some surgeries of low quality will do irreversible damage. ④Consequently, the author chooses to keep her true looks. 【点睛】[高分句型1] There are several reasons, including constant comparison with others online, refusing to accept adulthood, and better job and life prospects ensured by beauty. （运用过去分词作定语） [高分句型2] There is a growing trend for young people to fear getting old and take cosmetic surgeries casually. （运用了there be句型） 5．（25-26高一上·上海·期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. Sleeping is important, but we all know that, right? Many people have experienced strange sleeping patterns, weird dreams and a feeling of restlessness despite a good night’s sleep. So what sort of things can help you to improve your sleep? There’s a great number of myths (错误看法) related to sleep, some of which can be quite damaging for our health. Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher famously claimed that she only sleeps for five hours a night. But according to experts this is harmful to health. Likewise, napping (打盹) in front of the TV is another thing to avoid. The bright lights can prevent you from entering deep sleep. From a young age we’re told to count sheep to help us to nod off, with some choosing to stay in bed to battle with sleeplessness. However, some experts advise getting up and doing something mindless, like folding socks, to help us get in the mood for sleep. Psychologist Seth J. Gillihan PhD recommends walking to help in the battle against sleeplessness. He talks about a sleep study published in the journal Sleep Health which suggests that those who walk slightly more will experience better quality and duration (持续时间) of sleep. Watching what you eat or drink can also improve the amount of REM, or rapid eye movement you experience. Finally, a decent nap, or even a power nap, can help you to be more alert, calm and focused. So while there are some good tips like exercising or folding socks to help us get a good night’s sleep, sometimes a good afternoon’s sleep can help us handle the day ahead. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Due to the importance of sleep, it is necessary to improve sleep. Neither cutting down on sleep time nor sleeping with the TV on is a good idea. However, doing something mindless if you can’t fall asleep, taking a walk and minding your diet can help. Taking an afternoon nap may also help you stay energetic during the day. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说由于睡眠的重要性，我们必须改善睡眠状况。既不能减少睡眠时间，也不要在睡觉时开着电视。不过，如果无法入睡，做一些无需动脑的事情、出去散步以及注意饮食都有助于改善睡眠。下午小睡一会儿也可能让你在白天保持精力充沛。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Many people have experienced strange sleeping patterns, weird dreams and a feeling of restlessness despite a good night’s sleep. So what sort of things can help you to improve your sleep? ②Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher famously claimed that she only sleeps for five hours a night. But according to experts this is harmful to health. Likewise, napping (打盹) in front of the TV is another thing to avoid. The bright lights can prevent you from entering deep sleep. Watching what you eat or drink can also improve the amount of REM, or rapid eye movement you experience. ③However, some experts advise getting up and doing something mindless, like folding socks, to help us get in the mood for sleep. Psychologist Seth J. Gillihan PhD recommends walking to help in the battle against sleeplessness. ④Finally, a decent nap, or even a power nap, can help you to be more alert, calm and focused. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Due to the importance of sleep, it is necessary to improve sleep. Neither cutting down on sleep time nor sleeping with the TV on is a good idea. However, doing something mindless if you can’t fall asleep, taking a walk and minding your diet can help. Taking an afternoon nap may also help you stay energetic during the day. 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, doing something mindless if you can’t fall asleep, taking a walk and minding your diet can help.（运用了动名词doing作主语以及if引导条件状语从句） [高分句型2] Due to the importance of sleep, it is necessary to improve sleep.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语） 6．（25-26高一上·上海·期末）Tired of walling in end loss lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. However, online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to remember when browsing various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Another problem is the appearance of Items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Some even argue that online shopping indirectly causes global warning. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Online shopping can free you of the trouble you meet when buying things in store. However, it has challenges. Firstly, you should bear in mind that you must use sites which deserve trusting. Secondly, you shouldn’t believe all the descriptions because they may be untrue. Lastly, you should know although the delivery may be late, it may cause global warming. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了网上购物能让你摆脱在实体店购物时所遇到的种种麻烦。然而，它也存在一些问题。首先，你要记住，必须选择值得信赖的网站。其次，不要轻信所有的描述，因为它们可能并不真实。最后，要知道即使送货可能会延迟，但这也可能导致全球变暖。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①However, online shopping brings its own challenges. ②The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. ③Another problem is the appearance of Items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. ④Some even argue that online shopping indirectly causes global warning. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行重组，将第3、4两个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 First of all, you should remember that you must use trustworthy websites. Secondly, you should not believe all the descriptions, because they may not be true. Finally, you should know that while delivery may be late, this could contribute to global warming. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Online shopping can free you of the trouble you meet when buying things in store.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句以及从句的省略用法，句型简洁，表达高级） [高分句型2] Firstly, you should bear in mind that you must use sites which deserve trusting.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及which引导的定语从句，概括了第三段内容，表达高级） 7．（25-26高一上·上海·期中）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea of each paragraph in one complete sentence. The problem of packaging 1. A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 per cent of the total. Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary, landfills take up valuable space, often stink, and can leak harmful substances into the soil. Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution. 2. People are now trying to solve the problems caused by packaging materials. In 2001, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this, the companies set up recycling bins in every neighbourhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to a recycling company for processing. 3. The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must remain alert and do their part. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】1. Packaging material, a major source of waste, mostly ends up in harmful landfills, and its production also pollutes air and water. 2. Companies in Germany are required to place neighborhood recycling bins so that consumers can sort rubbish into metal, plastic and paper  cartons for later processing in the recycling facility. 3. Despite the program’s initial success, rubbish amount has risen again since consumers stopped reducing waste, showing everyone still needs to stay alert. 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍包装材料带来的垃圾污染问题、德国的解决措施及该措施的效果与启示。 【小题1】主旨大意题。根据第一段“A large source of rubbish is packaging material. It often makes up more than 30 per cent of the total. Most packaging material ends up in a landfill after it is thrown away. Though necessary, landfills take up valuable space, often stink, and can leak harmful substances into the soil. Landfills not included, the production of packaging material itself is a major source of air and water pollution.(垃圾的一个主要来源是包装材料。它通常占总量的30%以上。大多数包装材料在被丢弃后最终会进入垃圾填埋场。尽管垃圾填埋场是必要的，但它会占用宝贵的空间，常常发臭，还可能向土壤中泄漏有害物质。除了垃圾填埋场，包装材料的生产本身也是空气和水污染的主要来源)”可知，答案需涵盖包装材料是主要垃圾来源、多进入有害垃圾填埋场及生产过程污染环境这些核心信息。故答案为Packaging material, a major source of waste, mostly ends up in harmful landfills, and its production also pollutes air and water.   【小题2】主旨大意题。根据第二段“In 2001, Germany took the lead by requiring companies to recycle the packaging used for their goods. To do this, the companies set up recycling bins in every neighbourhood. Consumers now separate their rubbish into three categories-metal, plastic and paper cartons. They then put it into the appropriate bin. The rubbish sorted, it is transported to a recycling company for processing.(2001年，德国率先要求企业对其产品使用的包装进行回收。为了做到这一点，企业在每个社区都设置了回收箱。消费者现在将垃圾分为三类——金属、塑料和纸盒。然后他们把垃圾放进相应的箱子里。垃圾分拣后，会被运到回收公司进行处理)”可知，答案需体现德国企业被要求设回收箱、消费者分类投放及垃圾后续回收处理这些关键内容。故答案为Companies in Germany are required to place neighborhood recycling bins so that consumers can sort rubbish into metal, plastic and paper cartons for later processing in the recycling facility. 【小题3】主旨大意题。根据第三段“The programme worked well at first. However, the amount of rubbish has begun to increase again. One reason for this is that many consumers no longer reduce waste because they think the problem is solved. It seems that to properly deal with the problem of rubbish, everyone must remain alert and do their part.(该计划起初效果很好。然而，垃圾数量又开始增加了。其中一个原因是，许多消费者认为问题已经解决，不再减少垃圾产生。看来，要妥善处理垃圾问题，每个人都必须保持警惕，尽自己的一份力)”可知，答案需包含计划初期成功、垃圾量复增及原因和启示这些核心要点，即：尽管该计划取得了初步成功，但自消费者停止减少浪费以来，垃圾量再次上升，这表明每个人都需要保持警惕。故答案为Despite the program’s initial success, rubbish amount has risen again since consumers stopped reducing waste, showing everyone still needs to stay alert. 8．（24-25高一下·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Endangered Species An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct. Extinction happens when the last of the species has died out and there will be no more. Many species are nearly extinct and could disappear off the face of the earth very soon if we don’t do anything to save them. There are many reasons why-species become endangered but most of them are due to humans. Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways. When humans move into a new area, the animals’ habitat is destroyed and there is nothing to eat because humans chop down trees and build houses and farms. Animal habitats are also destroyed because of pollution. Chemicals in rivers and poisons on farms cause the destruction of habitats and animals can no longer live there. Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. Animals are killed for their fur, bones or skin, or just for sport (消遣). Some seal species are now on the verge of extinction because they are killed for their fur to make coats. Tigers are shot to make medicine and tea from their bones, and crocodiles are caught to make bags and shoes. Overfishing means that large sea creatures like whales, tuna and sharks have all become endangered species, because too many are caught to make things like shark’s fin soup. So what can individuals and governments do to protect animal and plant species from becoming endangered? We should take care not to pollute natural areas, and farmers or companies who destroy animal habitats should face a financial penalty (处罚). Governments can help, too, by making it against the law to hunt, fish or trade in endangered species. If we all cooperate by taking these steps, we will protect our planet so that our children and their children can enjoy it too. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Animals soon to be extinct are called endangered species which are mainly caused by humans. The main reason is habitat destruction caused by humans moving into new areas and pollution. Another reason is hunting and fishing for animals’ fur, bones or skin, and sometimes sport. Individuals and governments should cooperate to protect habitat and ban hunting and fishing. (58 words) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了濒危物种的概念，阐述了物种濒危主要是由人类活动导致，如栖息地破坏、捕猎和过度捕捞，最后提出个人和政府应合作保护濒危物种。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ①An endangered species is a group of animals that could soon become extinct. ②There are many reasons why species become endangered but most of them are due to humans. ③Habitat destruction is the main reason why animals become endangered and this happens in two ways. ④Endangered species are also the result of hunting and fishing. ⑤So what can individuals and governments do to protect animal and plant species from becoming endangered? ⑥If we all cooperate by taking these steps, we will protect our planet so that our children and their children can enjoy it too. 2. 缜密构思 将第1个要点提炼出濒危物种的定义；将第2、3、4三个要点整合说明物种濒危的原因；将第5、6两个要点整合提出个人和政府应合作保护濒危物种。 3. 遣词造句 Animals soon to be extinct are called endangered species. The endangerment of species is mainly caused by humans, including habitat destruction and hunting and fishing. Individuals and governments should cooperate to protect endangered species. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Animals soon to be extinct are called endangered species which are mainly caused by humans. (运用了关系代词which引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Another reason is hunting and fishing for animals’ fur, bones or skin, and sometimes sport. (运用了动名词短语作表语) 9．（24-25高一下·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. From vacation to work: Tips for a seamless work transition Returning to work after a vacation can feel like a daunting task. Whether you’ve spent a week exploring Paris or enjoyed a relaxing staycation, transitioning back to your daily routine may seem overwhelming. Experiencing the back-to-work blues is entirely normal. From struggling to focus to feeling slightly down, the following tips can help you ease back into your routine and regain momentum: The day before returning to work, take some time to prepare for a smooth first day. Avoid scheduling morning meetings to allow yourself ample time to catch up on pending tasks. Identify key priorities and set time limits for each task in your calendar. To ensure you start your day energized, get a good night’s sleep. Additionally, consider arriving at the office early to organize your workspace and set a positive tone for the day. Another habit to consider is minimizing distractions, particularly from your phone. To stay focused, mute notifications, block distracting apps, or keep your phone in a separate room or drawer while working. To avoid feeling overwhelmed, focus on addressing the most urgent and important tasks first. Not every email requires an immediate response-tackle those that demand immediate attention and address the rest later. Instead of isolating yourself, connect with coworkers to lift your spirits and stay engaged. Social interactions at work can enhance your mood and even improve your health. Use your first week back to catch up with colleagues over lunch or coffee. Sharing vacation stories not only strengthens workplace relationships but might also inspire ideas for your next getaway. Adjusting after a vacation takes time, so be patient with yourself. Remember that feeling out of sync is temporary, and you’ll soon regain your rhythm. Celebrate small progress and recognize that even a slow start can lead to significant achievements. Returning to work after a vacation might initially feel challenging, but with thoughtful preparation and positive habits, you can turn the experience into an opportunity for growth. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There are some tips for an easy transition from vacation to work. First, get prepared for a smooth beginning by getting your priorities straight. Second, minimize distraction from your phone and address the most urgent emails only. Moreover, interact with colleagues to enhance your mood and improve relationships. Overall, be patient with yourself during the transition. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说从假期回到工作状态，有一些简单易行的过渡方法。首先，要明确自己的优先事项，为顺利开启工作做好准备。其次，减少手机带来的干扰，只处理最紧急的邮件。此外，与同事交流互动，以改善心情并增进关系。总的来说，在过渡期间要对自己有耐心。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①From struggling to focus to feeling slightly down, the following tips can help you ease back into your routine and regain momentum ②Identify key priorities and set time limits for each task in your calendar. ③Another habit to consider is minimizing distractions, particularly from your phone. To avoid feeling overwhelmed, focus on addressing the most urgent and important tasks first. ④Instead of isolating yourself, connect with coworkers to lift your spirits and stay engaged. ⑤Adjusting after a vacation takes time, so be patient with yourself. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4、5四个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 There are some tips for an easy transition from vacation to work. First, get prepared for a smooth beginning by getting your priorities straight. Second, minimize distraction from your phone and address the most urgent emails only. Moreover, interact with colleagues to enhance your mood and improve relationships. Overall, be patient with yourself during the transition. 【点睛】[高分句型1] First, get prepared for a smooth beginning by getting your priorities straight.运用动名词作宾语对原文第二段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] Moreover, interact with colleagues to enhance your mood and improve relationships.用不定式作目的状语对第三段进行了概括。 10．（24-25高一上·上海·期末）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. What You Should Know about Chilies What can be both red or green, round or sharp, big or small, and more importantly, loved or hated by someone? Yes, the answer is chilies. Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies to our food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? A 34-year-old US man recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper, the spiciest chili in the world. After taking just a single bite of one, the man suffered from “thunderclap” headaches in the following few days, reported BBC News. In fact, reports of stomachache and headache caused by eating spicy food are not something unusual. But if chilies are harmful, why is it that human beings are the only animals to eat this vegetable? According to the website Huanqiu, about 600 million Chinese people-almost half of the national population—are chili eaters. So what makes people love chilies so much? The human body reacts to the burning sensation that comes from eating chilies by releasing endorphins, natural chemicals that “produce a sense of happiness”. And the benefits go even further than just personal enjoyment. A survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences found that the mortality rate (死亡率) of those who eat spicy food once or twice a week is 10 percent lower than those who eat it less than once a week. The number decreased to 14 percent for those who eat spicy food six to seven times a week. And another study done by the University of Vermont came to a similar conclusion. “The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age.” Capsaicin (辣椒素) has anti-cancer properties and the ability to increase our metabolism. So, don’t worry if you love spicy food. It seems that chilies are actually good for us-except for the Carolina Reaper, perhaps. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Summary: Chilies, loved by many but potentially harmful, are popular in China. Despite cases like a US man suffering headaches after eating the Carolina Reaper, studies show that eating spicy food can lower mortality rates and improve health due to capsaicin’s benefits. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，辣椒在中国很受欢迎，虽然受到许多人的喜爱，但却有潜在的危害。尽管有美国人吃了卡罗莱纳死神后头痛的案例，但研究表明，由于辣椒素的好处，吃辛辣食物可以降低死亡率，改善健康。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies to our food, but did you know that this spicy vegetable could also be dangerous? ②A 34-year-old US man recently ended up in hospital after eating a Carolina Reaper, the spiciest chili in the world. The data encourages people to eat more spicy food to improve health and reduce death risk at an early age. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2要点进行分说。 3.遣词造句 Chilies, loved by many but potentially harmful, are popular in China. Despite cases like a US man suffering headaches after eating the Carolina Reaper, studies show that eating spicy food can lower mortality rates and improve health due to capsaicin’s benefits. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Chilies, loved by many but potentially harmful, are popular in China.(运用过去分词表示被动关系对原文第二段进行了概括) [高分句型2] Despite cases like a US man suffering headaches after eating the Carolina Reaper, studies show that eating spicy food can lower mortality rates and improve health due to capsaicin’s benefits.(用that引导宾语从句对第四段和第五段进行了概括) / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $