精品解析：北京市海淀区2025-2026学年第二学期期中练习高三英语试题（一模）

海淀区2025—2026学年第二学期期中练习 2026.04 高三英语 本试卷共8页，100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Every morning, Kofi woke up with a quiet sigh. He reached for his phone out of habit, and as he scrolled, his chest ___1___ slightly. His classmates were posting acceptance letters and photos from campus visits, their futures already beginning to ___2___. He told himself he was happy for them. Sometimes that was true, but other times, it was a ___3___ he repeated until it sounded polite. He began to ___4___ himself quietly. His grades felt unimpressive and his clothes too ordinary. Even his smile looked ___5___, worn only for others. The mirror in the house caught him on bad mornings, with tired eyes, shoulders bent forward. Some days he turned his face away from it. Other days, he stared too long, hoping it might show him a version of himself that had already “arrived”. One evening, his grandma eased into the chair beside him and said, “Mirrors can lie.” He laughed ___6___. “They only show the truth, Grandma.” She shook her head. “They show what you’re ___7___ to see.” She told him of two seeds that were planted. One seed sprouted early and took away all the ___8___. The other stayed hidden, growing roots underground where no one clapped. “But when its day came, the hidden sprout forced its way upward.” Her words didn’t ___9___ anything right away. But something shifted. Just a little. That night, Kofi stood in front of the mirror again. For the first time, he noticed hope in his tired eyes. The mirror hadn’t changed. Perhaps Kofi hadn’t either, not yet. But he realized his life was not late or behind. It was simply unfolding in a way that couldn’t be filtered, posted, or ___10___. And that was enough, for now. 1. A. widened B. softened C. lightened D. tightened 2. A. fall apart B. slip away C. take shape D. make sense 3. A. lie B. trick C. secret D. promise 4. A. warn B. forgive C. measure D. challenge 5. A. borrowed B. defeated C. offended D. confused 6. A. coldly B. wildly C. bitterly D. nervously 7. A. eager B. ready C. proud D. unable 8. A. warmth B. credit C. nutrition D. attention 9. A. fix B. explain C. confirm D. show 10. A. expected B. compared C. described D. identified 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 语法填空 It was Sarah’s last day in Beijing. She went to a market for souvenirs. A faint scraping sound drew her towards a nearby stall, where an old man ____11____ (carve) a shadow puppet from cowhide, his knife barely moving. Sarah found ____12____ (she) standing there for nearly an hour. When the puppet was finished, the craftsman pressed it gently into her hands. Sarah smiled, paid, and walked back into the crowd. She had come for souvenirs but left ____13____ a story. B 语法填空 “Digital amnesia” refers to the situation where we outsource memory to devices instead of using our own brains. According to recent research, ____14____ (realise) information is digitally available weakens people’s ability to recall it. In studies on digital habits, participants ____15____ (find) to depend heavily on smartphones long before their personal memory shows signs of decline. This habit initiates a cycle, continuously weakening our natural cognitive functions. The critical question now is whether this shift is altering our capability ____16____ (process) information. C 语法填空 A skilled critical thinker with a closed mind will likely have many true ____17____ (belief), but will be blind to others. However, those ____18____ don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also ____19____ (danger). By thinking critically, you reject ideas; by being open-minded, you accept them. These two mindsets seem to be in conflict, but support each other nicely, which is ____20____ you should strive to transform yourself into an open-minded critical thinker if you wish to strengthen your mind. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Eager to run your own company? Venture is your perfect choice! It helps you become an excellent leader and public speaker, build lifelong connections with peers and technological professionals, and gain real-world learning beyond academics. What You’ll Learn & Do ·Week 1: Break limiting mindsets, present ideas, form teams by group vote, and create a proof-of-concept with coaches’ support. ·Week 2: Polish ideas via user engagement, build a Minimum Viable Product, and learn branding and visual design to launch a landing page. ·Week 3: Enter the market, showcase products, and master marketing, sales and ad creation to gain customers. ·Week 4: Craft story-driven presentations and practice delivering them to investors confidently. Demo Day Present your company to a panel of investors. Teams are judged on product-market fit, market size, growth and presentation, with awards for Most Outstanding Company and Best Entrepreneur (企业家). Extracurriculars Enjoy tailored leisure activities and mental health conversations with a licensed therapist during the program. Online On-site Start date July 10, 2026 June 15, 2026 End date August 8, 2026 July 12, 2026 Schedule Classes 8 AM to 11 AM Full-time program Features ·Guidance from accomplished start-up founders in all time zones ·Teamwork throughout the day ·Group leisure activities ·Flexible schedule ·Classes in a top college campus ·All meals, including vegetarian options ·Housing near campus ·Group leisure activities in the city 21. Venture is intended to help students ______. A. release their academic potential B. land a job in the tech industry C. develop business-building skills D. network with public speakers 22. What will participants do during the program? A. Craft stories on a landing page. B. Work in teams assigned by coaches. C. Attend weekly mental health talks. D. Display their products in the market. 23. Unlike the on-site program, the online program ______. A. requires full-time commitment B. provides leisure activities C. invites entrepreneurs worldwide D. features individual learning B — 3 tablespoons butter — 2 eggs — 2 medium carrots — 1 small white onion — 3 cloves garlic — 4 cups cooked and chilled rice I bet you didn’t read those numbers. I’ll let you in on a secret — I didn’t either. The ingredients above were copied and pasted from the first online search result for “fried rice recipe”. But, without any disrespect to the recipe’s owner, I can tell you it’s wrong. The only true fried rice recipe is no recipe at all. There are no measurements, no exact instructions, no timer for how long something should sizzle in the pan. There are only smells and feelings and memories. I learned to cook fried rice on the rickety stool covered in stickers, surrounded by the scents of my Grandma’s apron. We used however much leftover rice we had and a combination of anything and everything sitting in the fridge. The kitchen was always a little messy, but that was part of the fun. Yet I’ve always been more of a baker than a cook. I enjoy recipes — I enjoy the process of being exact and finding details, adjusting and leveling and weighing. From a young age, I found comfort in the careful baking recipes in Western cookbooks. But I understand the beauty of spontaneity (即兴) and organic creation. There’s something special in realizing that no two recreations of my grandma’s fried rice will ever be the same, and really, isn’t that what life is? Creation, without recipe? It’s funny. This may contradict everything I’ve written thus far, but the more I bake, the more I realize perhaps baking is spontaneous too. I don’t always need to weigh my flour beforehand in order to get perfect cookies. My signature food is cupcake, but I challenged myself to use a different recipe every time. You’d be surprised at how different cupcakes taste when you add an extra egg, and you’d be especially uncertain about my baking skills if you tried my cupcakes that had way too much baking soda (trial and error…). I’m learning to love going with the flow. It’s not mutually exclusive with loving precision, and it’s such an integral part of my culture; I’d be missing out otherwise. Coming to terms with and embracing the unknown is scary, but I assure you: One day, I’ll master my own fried rice. 24. What does the author think of the fried rice recipe? A. It provides inaccurate details. B. It includes too many ingredients. C. It misses the essence of cooking. D. It contradicts the basics of cuisine. 25. The author enjoys baking because of ______. A. her hope to pass recipes on B. her love of precision and detail C. her interest in a different culture D. her desire to honour family traditions 26. The author’s cupcake experiments made her more ______. A. open-minded B. organized C. confident D. clear-headed 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Fond memories make a dish tasty. B. Precision and creativity are inseparable. C. Creativity prospers where rules end. D. Life doesn’t always come with a recipe. C For half a century, psychologist Keith Holyoak has studied analogy — the capacity to see relational similarities between superficially dissimilar things — as a cornerstone of human intelligence. His new book, The Human Edge, takes a fresh look at analogy as a defining feature of human thought. At its core, analogy enables us to apply prior knowledge to novel situations. Unlike simple perceptual similarity, analogy maps relational patterns across different domains. The proverb about two dogs fighting over a bone while a third runs away, for instance, illuminates a business scenario where competing corporations weaken each other, allowing a rival to take advantage. This capacity for relational mapping underpins fluid intelligence — the ability to reason about new problems — and strongly predicts performance on intelligence tests. Analogy also drives creativity. Holyoak’s classic research on the “radiation problem” illustrates this: participants struggled to destroy a tumor (肿瘤) with rays without harming healthy tissue. But those first exposed to a story about a general attacking a castle from multiple sides readily devised the convergent (会聚的) ray solution. While we often fail to retrieve useful analogies independently, exposure to structurally similar but superficially different situations can spark breakthrough thinking. This cognitive capacity develops early and naturally. Children begin reasoning analogically around age three and the capacity continues to develop until adulthood. Holyoak identifies this as a “Late System” — a uniquely human, evolutionarily recent ability for general relational reasoning. It builds upon and cooperates with older, specialized “Early Systems” we share with other animals. While nonhuman species perform tasks that resemble analogical reasoning, these successes remain domain-specific. Humans alone can map relations across any content, from fairy tales to physics. This special ability, however, grants neither wisdom nor morality. Abstract thought has yielded both medical cures and weapons of mass destruction. As Holyoak notes, if Earth becomes uninhabitable, it won’t be the chimpanzees’ fault. The rise of AI presents a new frontier. Large language models (LLMs) now solve analogy problems at a college-student level, and their computational power could eventually produce superhuman intelligence. Yet they lack autonomy and, crucially, the ability to spontaneously notice a meaningful analogy. In art, this limitation may prove difficult to overcome. AI, lacking emotion, consciousness, and individuality, produces work many find soulless. Human uniqueness stems from the evolution of cooperative systems: a “Late System” that enables complex relational reasoning and the “Early Systems” that reflect our vast biological heritage. Their integration is the very essence of the human edge. 28. What does the word “underpins” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Supports. B. Evaluates. C. Replaces. D. Frames. 29. What can we learn from the passage? A. The “Late System” is developed in adulthood. B. The “two dogs” proverb encourages competitions. C. The convergent ray solution arose from an analogy. D. LLMs can’t form analogies due to lack of autonomy. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Developing Analogy: The Core of Human Creativity B. Decoding Analogy: A Capacity Setting Humans Apart C. Defining Analogy: The Force Driving Human Evolution D. Defending Analogy: A Mechanism of Human Perception D Meritocracy (优绩主义) has become a leading social ideal. Politicians continually return to the theme that the rewards of life — money, jobs, university admission — should be distributed according to skill and effort. Conceptually and morally, meritocracy is presented as the opposite of hereditary aristocracy, in which one’s social position is determined by the lottery of birth. Although widely held, the belief that merit rather than luck determines success or failure in the world is demonstrably false. This is not least because merit itself is, in large part, the result of luck. Talent and the capacity for determined effort depend a great deal on one’s genetic gifts and upbringing. This is to say nothing of other fortuitous circumstances that figure into every success story. In his book Success and Luck, Robert Frank recounts the coincidences behind the stellar rise of many successful entrepreneurs. Luck intervenes by offering people merit, and again by furnishing circumstances where merit can translate into success. This is not to deny the industry and talent of successful people. However, it does demonstrate that the link between merit and outcome is weak and indirect at best. In addition to being false, research suggests that believing in meritocracy makes people more selfish, less self-critical and even more prone to acting in discriminatory ways. The “ultimatum game” is a common psychological experiment, where one player is given a sum of money and told to propose a division between him and another player, who may accept or reject the offer. If the offer is rejected, neither gets anything. Usually a relatively even split is offered. In one variation, participants played a fake game of skill before making offers. Players who were led to believe they had “won” claimed more for themselves than those who engaged in games of chance. Similar studies suggest that just having the idea of skill in mind makes people more tolerant of unequal outcomes. By contrast, research on gratitude indicates that remembering the role of luck increases generosity. Simply asking subjects to recall external contributors to their successes made them more likely to give to charity than those remembering internal factors. Part of meritocracy’s moral appeal is its power to justify the existing social order. On top of that, it also offers flattery. Where success is determined by merit, each win can be viewed as a reflection of personal worth and worldly failures become signs of personal weaknesses. Meritocracy ought to be abandoned both as a belief about how the world works and as a general social ideal. It’s false, and believing in it encourages selfishness, discrimination and indifference to the struggles of the unfortunate. 31. What can we learn from the first three paragraphs? A. Politicians argue life rewards are set at birth. B. Talent and determination owe nothing to luck. C. Industry enhances merit and directs to success. D. Merit is largely decided by circumstantial factors. 32. What does the author imply by citing the “ultimatum game” experiment? A. The results confirm meritocracy’s moral appeal. B. Belief in merit may encourage selfishness and bias. C. Ideas of skill can increase our willingness to donate. D. Games of chance ensure even distribution of resources. 33. The author feels meritocracy’s moral appeal is ______. A. erroneous B. justified C. practical D. groundless 34. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To criticise the mindset of chasing success. B. To challenge a commonly held social belief. C. To compare different social reward systems. D. To evaluate the pros and cons of meritocracy. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How many times do you find yourself in a conversation with someone, waiting for the other person to stop talking so you can say what you want to say? ____35____ This common experience shows a lack of active listening, because you are only thinking about how you want to respond. Communication that leads to real human connection involves active listening and empathy. Active listening includes eye contact as well as verbal and non-verbal acknowledgments that you are listening. ____36____ Empathy involves reflection, validation and a genuine concern for how others are feeling. This combination of active listening and empathy — empathetic listening — can improve relationships of all kinds. ____37____ Being brave enough to share with another person is a vulnerable position to be in. Imagine sharing something sad with a friend: “I studied so hard for the math exam, but I still failed it.” Consider these two potential responses and how they would make you feel. “Oh well, I’m glad I’m not the one taking that exam. Want to hang out?” “That must be so hard. Thank you for sharing with me. I am here for you.” The first response might leave one feeling dismissed. Why do people respond like that? Perhaps the comment comes from a place of the listener being uncomfortable with hearing something that taps into their own fears or vulnerability. ____38____ The second response, however, might make one feel heard, seen and supported. It shows the listener heard what the other person was saying, understanding and expressing concern. So how do you know what to say or not to say when someone shares something difficult with you? Sometimes, the best thing to do is to sit and listen. Brene Brown, a renowned researcher in this field, says it best: “Empathy is a strange and powerful thing. There is no script. There is no right way or wrong way to do it. ____39____” A. Shifting the topic might bring comfort to the speaker. B. These include nodding, confirming, and clarifying questions. C. Just be empathetic and you’ll have thought-provoking conversations. D. It’s simply listening, withholding judgment, and emotionally connecting. E. Everyone wants to feel understood for speaking their thoughts and feelings. F. The listener may want to shut down the conversation and move to a safer space. G. You might even expect the other person to completely tune into what you are saying. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I have always been better at expressing myself through writing than verbally or through any other medium, and I’ve been communicating through the written words since I was a child. This practice became profoundly meaningful to me after my stepfather Vince passed away. Vince died in 2018, right before New Year’s Eve. I had wanted to write him a letter for years, long before his shocking diagnosis, but I kept delaying it. I always thought there would be more time. Sadly, I never finished that letter. It is a regret I will carry with me always. Yet, this personal failure led me to think of the other important people in my life — those I could still reach, those with whom I still had time. There were things I needed to say to them, words that mattered. In 2019, I made a list of everyone I wanted to write to, and I started sending a few letters here and there. Gratitude, regrets, apologies — all of these were found in my pages. Each envelope marked another crossing off of a name on my bucket list of recipients. In 2020, I appraised my progress and began thinking about how I might encourage other people to write letters too. I operated a website that encourages people to write letters to others — three letters, to be exact. There are no rules or restrictions regarding the contents of participants’ letters or the format they take. The letters can be typed or handwritten, in any length and language, on any style of paper, etc. My only advice is that the letters should be sent within one year. I am hesitant to impose any directives at all, but I believe a deadline can be helpful as it will remind people we don’t always have all the time we think we do. My goal is to work on a letter to someone at least once a month. We have only a limited amount of time on this planet. There are important things that we need to say. 40. What did the author find important after losing her stepfather? _______________________________________________________ 41. Why did the author set up the website? _______________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢ On the author’s website, she suggests a deadline in order to collect as many letters as possible. _______________________________________________________ 43. If you are to write a letter to someone, who will you write to? What will you write about? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校即将举办“未来已来”（The Future is Here）的科技节活动。你打算邀请你的国际部好友Jim参加。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．活动安排（时间、地点等）； 2．活动内容。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 海淀区2025—2026学年第二学期期中练习 2026.04 高三英语 本试卷共8页，100分。考试时长90分钟。 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Every morning, Kofi woke up with a quiet sigh. He reached for his phone out of habit, and as he scrolled, his chest ___1___ slightly. His classmates were posting acceptance letters and photos from campus visits, their futures already beginning to ___2___. He told himself he was happy for them. Sometimes that was true, but other times, it was a ___3___ he repeated until it sounded polite. He began to ___4___ himself quietly. His grades felt unimpressive and his clothes too ordinary. Even his smile looked ___5___, worn only for others. The mirror in the house caught him on bad mornings, with tired eyes, shoulders bent forward. Some days he turned his face away from it. Other days, he stared too long, hoping it might show him a version of himself that had already “arrived”. One evening, his grandma eased into the chair beside him and said, “Mirrors can lie.” He laughed ___6___. “They only show the truth, Grandma.” She shook her head. “They show what you’re ___7___ to see.” She told him of two seeds that were planted. One seed sprouted early and took away all the ___8___. The other stayed hidden, growing roots underground where no one clapped. “But when its day came, the hidden sprout forced its way upward.” Her words didn’t ___9___ anything right away. But something shifted. Just a little. That night, Kofi stood in front of the mirror again. For the first time, he noticed hope in his tired eyes. The mirror hadn’t changed. Perhaps Kofi hadn’t either, not yet. But he realized his life was not late or behind. It was simply unfolding in a way that couldn’t be filtered, posted, or ___10___. And that was enough, for now. 1. A. widened B. softened C. lightened D. tightened 2. A. fall apart B. slip away C. take shape D. make sense 3. A. lie B. trick C. secret D. promise 4. A. warn B. forgive C. measure D. challenge 5. A. borrowed B. defeated C. offended D. confused 6. A. coldly B. wildly C. bitterly D. nervously 7. A. eager B. ready C. proud D. unable 8. A. warmth B. credit C. nutrition D. attention 9. A. fix B. explain C. confirm D. show 10. A. expected B. compared C. described D. identified 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是Kofi因看到同学们收到录取通知而自己却似乎前途未卜，心情低落，后经奶奶开导重新认识自我的过程。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他像往常一样伸手去拿手机，滚动屏幕时，他的胸口微微发紧。A. widened拓宽；B. softened软化；C. lightened变亮；D. tightened发紧。根据后文“Sometimes that was true, but other times, it was a ______ he repeated until it sounded polite.”可知，他看到同学们的动态心情并不好，所以是胸口发紧，故选D项。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的同学们正在发布录取通知书和校园参观的照片，他们的未来已经开始成形。A. fall apart破裂；B. slip away溜走；C. take shape成形；D. make sense有意义。根据前文“His classmates were posting acceptance letters and photos from campus visits”可知，同学们收到录取通知，未来开始有了清晰的模样，也就是成形，故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时这是真的，但其他时候，这是一个他反复说直到听起来礼貌的谎言。A. lie谎言；B. trick诡计；C. secret秘密；D. promise承诺。根据前卫“He told himself he was happy for them. Sometimes that was true, but other times”可知，有时为同学们开心是真的，but表转折，说明其他时候说开心是谎言，故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他开始默默地衡量自己。A. warn警告；B. forgive原谅；C. measure衡量；D. challenge挑战。根据后文“His grades felt unimpressive and his clothes too ordinary.”可知，他在对自己进行各方面的衡量，故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：甚至他的微笑看起来也是借来的，只是为了别人而展现。A. borrowed借来的；B. defeated被击败的；C. offended被冒犯的；D. confused困惑的。根据前文“He told himself he was happy for them. Sometimes that was true, but other times, it was a_____he repeated until it sounded polite.”此处表示他的微笑不是发自内心，而是为了迎合别人，就像借来的，故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他苦涩地笑了。A. coldly冷淡地；B. wildly疯狂地；C. bitterly苦涩地；D. nervously紧张地。根据前文“Mirrors can lie.”和后文“They only show the truth”可知，对奶奶说镜子会撒谎的说法，他苦涩地笑了，bitterly体现出他内心的挫败感。故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们展示的是你准备看到的东西。A. eager渴望的；B. ready准备好的；C. proud骄傲的；D. unable不能的。根据后文“to see”可知，奶奶表达镜子呈现的不一定是真实，而是人们主观准备看到的，故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一颗种子早早发芽，夺走了所有的关注。A. warmth温暖；B. credit信用；C. nutrition营养；D. attention关注。后文“The other stayed hidden, growing roots underground where no one clapped”提到另一颗种子默默生长没人鼓掌，与之对比，这颗早早发芽的种子吸引了所有关注，故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的话并没有立刻解决任何问题。A. fix解决；B. explain解释；C. confirm确认；D. show展示。根据后文“But something shifted. Just a little.”可知，当时奶奶的话没有立刻解决他的困扰，但还是有了一点改变，故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它只是以一种没有滤镜的、发布或比较的方式展开。A. expected期待；B. compared比较；C. described描述；D. identified识别。前文提到他看到同学们的动态感到焦虑，这里意识到自己生活有自己的节奏，无需与他人比较，故选B项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 语法填空 It was Sarah’s last day in Beijing. She went to a market for souvenirs. A faint scraping sound drew her towards a nearby stall, where an old man ____11____ (carve) a shadow puppet from cowhide, his knife barely moving. Sarah found ____12____ (she) standing there for nearly an hour. When the puppet was finished, the craftsman pressed it gently into her hands. Sarah smiled, paid, and walked back into the crowd. She had come for souvenirs but left ____13____ a story. 【答案】11. was carving 12. herself 13. with 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了莎拉在北京最后一天逛市场，被一位雕刻皮影的老人吸引的故事。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：一阵轻微的刮擦声吸引了她的注意，她走向了附近的一个摊位，只见一位老人正用牛皮雕刻皮影，他的刀子几乎不动。carve在从句中作谓语动词，表示Sarah被声音吸引时，老人正在进行雕刻皮影的动作，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，所以用过去进行时。故填was carving。 【12题详解】 考查代词。句意：萨拉发现自己在那里站了将近一个小时。主语是Sarah，此空作宾语，和主语指同一人，所以用反身代词herself，find oneself doing sth.表示“发现自己不知不觉在做某事”。故填herself。 【13题详解】 考查介词。句意：她来是为了买纪念品，但离开时却带回了一个故事。名词story前用介词形式。表示“带着”，用介词with。故填with。 B 语法填空 “Digital amnesia” refers to the situation where we outsource memory to devices instead of using our own brains. According to recent research, ____14____ (realise) information is digitally available weakens people’s ability to recall it. In studies on digital habits, participants ____15____ (find) to depend heavily on smartphones long before their personal memory shows signs of decline. This habit initiates a cycle, continuously weakening our natural cognitive functions. The critical question now is whether this shift is altering our capability ____16____ (process) information. 【答案】14. realising 15. are found 16. to process 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“数字遗忘症”这一现象，即人们把记忆交给电子设备，这一行为会削弱自身的记忆能力，并对自然认知功能产生持续影响。 【14题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最近的研究，意识到信息可以通过数字方式获取会削弱人们回忆信息的能力。此处作主语，应用动名词短语作主语，表示“意识到……”这一整件事。故填realising。 【15题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在对数字习惯的研究中，早在参与者的个人记忆出现衰退迹象之前，人们就发现他们严重依赖智能手机。此处为谓语动词，动词find和主语participants之间是被动关系，表示“人们发现参与者严重依赖智能手机”，结合后文谓语动词shows可知，空处使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语participants为复数名词，所以be动词应为are。故填are found。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在关键的问题是，这种转变是否正在改变我们处理信息的能力。固定搭配the capability to do sth.表示“做某事的能力”，不定式作后置定语。故填to process。 C 语法填空 A skilled critical thinker with a closed mind will likely have many true ____17____ (belief), but will be blind to others. However, those ____18____ don’t screen incoming ideas will end up believing things not only false, but also ____19____ (danger). By thinking critically, you reject ideas; by being open-minded, you accept them. These two mindsets seem to be in conflict, but support each other nicely, which is ____20____ you should strive to transform yourself into an open-minded critical thinker if you wish to strengthen your mind. 【答案】17. beliefs 18. who 19. dangerous 20. why 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述封闭与开放思维的批判性思考者特点，强调应成为开明的批判思考者。 【17题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：一个思维敏锐但思想封闭的人可能会拥有许多正确的信念，但却对其他观点视而不见。belief为可数名词，many修饰可数名词复数形式。故填beliefs。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，那些不筛选新想法的人最终会相信不仅错误而且危险的事情。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【19题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，那些不筛选新想法的人最终会相信不仅错误而且危险的事情。此处作宾语补足语，说明things的性质，用形容词dangerous，表示“危险的”。故填dangerous。 【20题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这两种思维方式看似相互冲突，但实际上却相互支持，这就是为什么如果你想要强化自己的思维，就应该努力将自己转变为一个开放的批判性思考者。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，所以用连接副词why引导。故填why。 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Eager to run your own company? Venture is your perfect choice! It helps you become an excellent leader and public speaker, build lifelong connections with peers and technological professionals, and gain real-world learning beyond academics. What You’ll Learn & Do ·Week 1: Break limiting mindsets, present ideas, form teams by group vote, and create a proof-of-concept with coaches’ support. ·Week 2: Polish ideas via user engagement, build a Minimum Viable Product, and learn branding and visual design to launch a landing page. ·Week 3: Enter the market, showcase products, and master marketing, sales and ad creation to gain customers. ·Week 4: Craft story-driven presentations and practice delivering them to investors confidently. Demo Day Present your company to a panel of investors. Teams are judged on product-market fit, market size, growth and presentation, with awards for Most Outstanding Company and Best Entrepreneur (企业家). Extracurriculars Enjoy tailored leisure activities and mental health conversations with a licensed therapist during the program. Online On-site Start date July 10, 2026 June 15, 2026 End date August 8, 2026 July 12, 2026 Schedule Classes 8 AM to 11 AM Full-time program Features ·Guidance from accomplished start-up founders in all time zones ·Teamwork throughout the day ·Group leisure activities ·Flexible schedule ·Classes in a top college campus ·All meals, including vegetarian options ·Housing near campus ·Group leisure activities in the city 21. Venture is intended to help students ______. A. release their academic potential B. land a job in the tech industry C. develop business-building skills D. network with public speakers 22. What will participants do during the program? A. Craft stories on a landing page. B. Work in teams assigned by coaches. C. Attend weekly mental health talks. D. Display their products in the market. 23. Unlike the on-site program, the online program ______. A. requires full-time commitment B. provides leisure activities C. invites entrepreneurs worldwide D. features individual learning 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个网络课程，它能帮助学习者成为出色的领导者和公众演说家，与同行和技术专业人士建立终身联系，并在学术之外获得真正的实践经验。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Eager to run your own company? Venture is your perfect choice! It helps you become an excellent leader and public speaker, build lifelong connections with peers and technological professionals, and gain real-world learning beyond academics. (想要自己创业吗？“创业”课程正是您的理想之选！它能帮助您成为出色的领导者和公众演说家，与同行和技术专业人士建立终身联系，并在学术之外获得真正的实践经验。)”可知，该课程培养商业创业运营技能。故选C项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据What You’ll Learn & Do部分“Week 3: Enter the market, showcase products, and master marketing, sales and ad creation to gain customers. (第3周：进入市场，展示产品，掌握营销、销售和广告创作以吸引客户。)”可知，参与者会在市场上展示他们的产品。故选D项。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据表格中Features部分“·Guidance from accomplished start-up founders in all time zones (来自不同时区的资深创业者的指导)”可知，作为线上项目可以邀请全球各地的创业者进行分享指导。 B — 3 tablespoons butter — 2 eggs — 2 medium carrots — 1 small white onion — 3 cloves garlic — 4 cups cooked and chilled rice I bet you didn’t read those numbers. I’ll let you in on a secret — I didn’t either. The ingredients above were copied and pasted from the first online search result for “fried rice recipe”. But, without any disrespect to the recipe’s owner, I can tell you it’s wrong. The only true fried rice recipe is no recipe at all. There are no measurements, no exact instructions, no timer for how long something should sizzle in the pan. There are only smells and feelings and memories. I learned to cook fried rice on the rickety stool covered in stickers, surrounded by the scents of my Grandma’s apron. We used however much leftover rice we had and a combination of anything and everything sitting in the fridge. The kitchen was always a little messy, but that was part of the fun. Yet I’ve always been more of a baker than a cook. I enjoy recipes — I enjoy the process of being exact and finding details, adjusting and leveling and weighing. From a young age, I found comfort in the careful baking recipes in Western cookbooks. But I understand the beauty of spontaneity (即兴) and organic creation. There’s something special in realizing that no two recreations of my grandma’s fried rice will ever be the same, and really, isn’t that what life is? Creation, without recipe? It’s funny. This may contradict everything I’ve written thus far, but the more I bake, the more I realize perhaps baking is spontaneous too. I don’t always need to weigh my flour beforehand in order to get perfect cookies. My signature food is cupcake, but I challenged myself to use a different recipe every time. You’d be surprised at how different cupcakes taste when you add an extra egg, and you’d be especially uncertain about my baking skills if you tried my cupcakes that had way too much baking soda (trial and error…). I’m learning to love going with the flow. It’s not mutually exclusive with loving precision, and it’s such an integral part of my culture; I’d be missing out otherwise. Coming to terms with and embracing the unknown is scary, but I assure you: One day, I’ll master my own fried rice. 24. What does the author think of the fried rice recipe? A. It provides inaccurate details. B. It includes too many ingredients. C. It misses the essence of cooking. D. It contradicts the basics of cuisine. 25. The author enjoys baking because of ______. A. her hope to pass recipes on B. her love of precision and detail C. her interest in a different culture D. her desire to honour family traditions 26. The author’s cupcake experiments made her more ______. A. open-minded B. organized C. confident D. clear-headed 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Fond memories make a dish tasty. B. Precision and creativity are inseparable. C. Creativity prospers where rules end. D. Life doesn’t always come with a recipe. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者认为炒饭无固定食谱，靠感觉与回忆制作。她偏爱烘焙的精准，也逐渐接受即兴创作，明白精准与随性可共存，生活本就没有固定配方。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The only true fried rice recipe is no recipe at all. There are no measurements, no exact instructions, no timer for how long something should sizzle in the pan. There are only smells and feelings and memories.(唯一正宗的炒饭做法其实根本就没有固定的步骤。没有具体的用量，没有精确的步骤说明，也没有关于食材在锅中翻炒时间的计时器。有的只是各种气味、感受和回忆)”可知，作者认为这份炒饭的食谱忽略了烹饪的精髓所在。故选C。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“I enjoy recipes — I enjoy the process of being exact and finding details, adjusting and leveling and weighing.(我喜欢研究食谱 —— 我享受那种精准操作、捕捉细节、不断调整、找平、称重的过程。)”可知，这位作者喜欢烘焙，因为她对精确性和细节有着浓厚的兴趣。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“My signature food is cupcake, but I challenged myself to use a different recipe every time.(我的招牌菜（拿手菜）是纸杯蛋糕，但我每次都尝试使用不同的配方来制作)”以及最后一段“I’m learning to love going with the flow.(我正在学着享受顺其自然的生活方式)”可知，作者的纸杯蛋糕实验让她变得更加开明。故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“There’s something special in realizing that no two recreations of my grandma’s fried rice will ever be the same, and really, isn’t that what life is? Creation, without recipe?(当意识到我奶奶的炒饭每次的制作方式都不尽相同时，我感到非常惊喜。而说到底，这不正是生活的样子吗？没有固定的模式，却能创造出独一无二的成果)”可知，文章告诉我们生活并非总是有固定的“配方”可循。故选D。 C For half a century, psychologist Keith Holyoak has studied analogy — the capacity to see relational similarities between superficially dissimilar things — as a cornerstone of human intelligence. His new book, The Human Edge, takes a fresh look at analogy as a defining feature of human thought. At its core, analogy enables us to apply prior knowledge to novel situations. Unlike simple perceptual similarity, analogy maps relational patterns across different domains. The proverb about two dogs fighting over a bone while a third runs away, for instance, illuminates a business scenario where competing corporations weaken each other, allowing a rival to take advantage. This capacity for relational mapping underpins fluid intelligence — the ability to reason about new problems — and strongly predicts performance on intelligence tests. Analogy also drives creativity. Holyoak’s classic research on the “radiation problem” illustrates this: participants struggled to destroy a tumor (肿瘤) with rays without harming healthy tissue. But those first exposed to a story about a general attacking a castle from multiple sides readily devised the convergent (会聚的) ray solution. While we often fail to retrieve useful analogies independently, exposure to structurally similar but superficially different situations can spark breakthrough thinking. This cognitive capacity develops early and naturally. Children begin reasoning analogically around age three and the capacity continues to develop until adulthood. Holyoak identifies this as a “Late System” — a uniquely human, evolutionarily recent ability for general relational reasoning. It builds upon and cooperates with older, specialized “Early Systems” we share with other animals. While nonhuman species perform tasks that resemble analogical reasoning, these successes remain domain-specific. Humans alone can map relations across any content, from fairy tales to physics. This special ability, however, grants neither wisdom nor morality. Abstract thought has yielded both medical cures and weapons of mass destruction. As Holyoak notes, if Earth becomes uninhabitable, it won’t be the chimpanzees’ fault. The rise of AI presents a new frontier. Large language models (LLMs) now solve analogy problems at a college-student level, and their computational power could eventually produce superhuman intelligence. Yet they lack autonomy and, crucially, the ability to spontaneously notice a meaningful analogy. In art, this limitation may prove difficult to overcome. AI, lacking emotion, consciousness, and individuality, produces work many find soulless. Human uniqueness stems from the evolution of cooperative systems: a “Late System” that enables complex relational reasoning and the “Early Systems” that reflect our vast biological heritage. Their integration is the very essence of the human edge. 28. What does the word “underpins” underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Supports. B. Evaluates. C. Replaces. D. Frames. 29. What can we learn from the passage? A. The “Late System” is developed in adulthood. B. The “two dogs” proverb encourages competitions. C. The convergent ray solution arose from an analogy. D. LLMs can’t form analogies due to lack of autonomy. 30. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Developing Analogy: The Core of Human Creativity B. Decoding Analogy: A Capacity Setting Humans Apart C. Defining Analogy: The Force Driving Human Evolution D. Defending Analogy: A Mechanism of Human Perception 【答案】28. A 29. C 30. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。心理学家霍利奥克研究类比——即识别看似不同事物之间内在关联性的能力——并将此视为人类智慧的关键要素。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“At its core, analogy enables us to apply prior knowledge to novel situations. Unlike simple perceptual similarity, analogy maps relational patterns across different domains. The proverb about two dogs fighting over a bone while a third runs away, for instance, illuminates a business scenario where competing corporations weaken each other, allowing a rival to take advantage. (从本质上讲，类比使我们能够将已有的知识应用到新的情境中。与简单的感知相似性不同，类比能在不同领域之间映射出关系模式。例如，关于两只狗为一块骨头而争斗，而第三只狗却跑开的这句谚语，就揭示了一个商业场景：相互竞争的公司会削弱彼此，从而使对手有机可乘。)”及下文“...fluid intelligence — the ability to reason about new problems — and strongly predicts performance on intelligence tests. ( 流体智力——即对新问题进行推理的能力，并且能很好地预测智力测试的成绩。)”可知，作者认为通过类比我们可以提升智力，灵活运用已有知识。由此推测，划线词指这种进行关系映射的类比能力促进提升流体智力，与Supports意思相近。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Analogy also drives creativity. Holyoak’s classic research on the “radiation problem” illustrates this: participants struggled to destroy a tumor (肿瘤) with rays without harming healthy tissue. But those first exposed to a story about a general attacking a castle from multiple sides readily devised the convergent (会聚的) ray solution. (类比也能激发创造力。霍利奥克关于“辐射问题”的经典研究就很好地说明了这一点：参与者努力想用射线来摧毁肿瘤，同时又不伤害健康组织。但那些最先接触到关于一位将军从多个方向攻打城堡的故事的人，很快就想出了集中射线的解决方案。)”可知，参与者先读了将军多路进攻城堡的故事，才设计出会聚射线治疗肿瘤的方案，这个方案本身就是跨领域类比得到的结果。C选项结论符合文章内容。故选C项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“For half a century, psychologist Keith Holyoak has studied analogy — the capacity to see relational similarities between superficially dissimilar things — as a cornerstone of human intelligence. His new book, The Human Edge, takes a fresh look at analogy as a defining feature of human thought. (半个世纪以来，心理学家基思·霍利奥克一直致力于研究类比——即识别看似不同事物之间内在关联性的能力——并将此视为人类智慧的关键要素。他的新书《人类的优势》从全新的角度探讨了类比作为人类思维特征的重要性。)”第二段“At its core, analogy enables us to apply prior knowledge to novel situations. (从本质上讲，类比使我们能够将已有的知识应用到新的情境中)”第三段“Analogy also drives creativity. (类比也能激发创造力。)”及最后一段“Human uniqueness stems from the evolution of cooperative systems: a “Late System” that enables complex relational reasoning and the “Early Systems” that reflect our vast biological heritage. Their integration is the very essence of the human edge. (人类的独特性源于合作系统的进化：一种“晚期系统”能够进行复杂的关联推理，还有“早期系统”则反映了我们丰富的生物遗传特征。它们的融合正是人类优势的所在。)”可知，全文都在讲类比是人类独有的，别的动物只有领域特定的，AI也没有自发类比的能力，最后说这就是人类的优势，这个整合是人类独特性来源。由此可知，B项Decoding Analogy: A Capacity Setting Humans Apart (解码类比：区分人类与动物的能力)概括了文章主旨，适合作标题。故选B项。 D Meritocracy (优绩主义) has become a leading social ideal. Politicians continually return to the theme that the rewards of life — money, jobs, university admission — should be distributed according to skill and effort. Conceptually and morally, meritocracy is presented as the opposite of hereditary aristocracy, in which one’s social position is determined by the lottery of birth. Although widely held, the belief that merit rather than luck determines success or failure in the world is demonstrably false. This is not least because merit itself is, in large part, the result of luck. Talent and the capacity for determined effort depend a great deal on one’s genetic gifts and upbringing. This is to say nothing of other fortuitous circumstances that figure into every success story. In his book Success and Luck, Robert Frank recounts the coincidences behind the stellar rise of many successful entrepreneurs. Luck intervenes by offering people merit, and again by furnishing circumstances where merit can translate into success. This is not to deny the industry and talent of successful people. However, it does demonstrate that the link between merit and outcome is weak and indirect at best. In addition to being false, research suggests that believing in meritocracy makes people more selfish, less self-critical and even more prone to acting in discriminatory ways. The “ultimatum game” is a common psychological experiment, where one player is given a sum of money and told to propose a division between him and another player, who may accept or reject the offer. If the offer is rejected, neither gets anything. Usually a relatively even split is offered. In one variation, participants played a fake game of skill before making offers. Players who were led to believe they had “won” claimed more for themselves than those who engaged in games of chance. Similar studies suggest that just having the idea of skill in mind makes people more tolerant of unequal outcomes. By contrast, research on gratitude indicates that remembering the role of luck increases generosity. Simply asking subjects to recall external contributors to their successes made them more likely to give to charity than those remembering internal factors. Part of meritocracy’s moral appeal is its power to justify the existing social order. On top of that, it also offers flattery. Where success is determined by merit, each win can be viewed as a reflection of personal worth and worldly failures become signs of personal weaknesses. Meritocracy ought to be abandoned both as a belief about how the world works and as a general social ideal. It’s false, and believing in it encourages selfishness, discrimination and indifference to the struggles of the unfortunate. 31. What can we learn from the first three paragraphs? A. Politicians argue life rewards are set at birth. B. Talent and determination owe nothing to luck. C. Industry enhances merit and directs to success. D. Merit is largely decided by circumstantial factors. 32. What does the author imply by citing the “ultimatum game” experiment? A. The results confirm meritocracy’s moral appeal. B. Belief in merit may encourage selfishness and bias. C. Ideas of skill can increase our willingness to donate. D. Games of chance ensure even distribution of resources. 33. The author feels meritocracy’s moral appeal is ______. A. erroneous B. justified C. practical D. groundless 34. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To criticise the mindset of chasing success. B. To challenge a commonly held social belief. C. To compare different social reward systems. D. To evaluate the pros and cons of meritocracy. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. A 34. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章针对当下流行的优绩主义社会理念展开论述，指出成功并非只由能力和努力决定，运气等偶然因素同样重要，并且信奉优绩主义会使人变得自私、产生偏见，最终提出应当摒弃这一理念。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This is not least because merit itself is, in large part, the result of luck. Talent and the capacity for determined effort depend a great deal on one’s genetic gifts and upbringing.(这在很大程度上是因为能力本身在很大程度上是运气的结果。天赋和坚持不懈的努力能力在很大程度上取决于一个人的基因天赋和成长环境。)”以及第三段中的“This is to say nothing of other fortuitous circumstances that figure into every success story.(更不用说每个成功故事中都存在的其他偶然环境因素了。)”可知，能力在很大程度上由环境等偶然因素决定。故选D项。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“In addition to being false, research suggests that believing in meritocracy makes people more selfish, less self-critical and even more prone to acting in discriminatory ways. The “ultimatum game” is a common psychological experiment, where one player is given a sum of money and told to propose a division between him and another player, who may accept or reject the offer. If the offer is rejected, neither gets anything. Usually a relatively even split is offered. In one variation, participants played a fake game of skill before making offers. Players who were led to believe they had “won” claimed more for themselves than those who engaged in games of chance. Similar studies suggest that just having the idea of skill in mind makes people more tolerant of unequal outcomes.(研究表明，信奉优绩主义不仅是错误的，还会让人变得更加自私、缺乏自省，甚至更容易做出歧视性的行为。“最后通牒游戏” 是一项常见的心理学实验：实验中一名参与者会获得一笔钱，并需要提出自己与另一名参与者的分配方案，后者可以选择接受或拒绝该方案。如果方案被拒绝，两人都将一无所获。通常情况下，人们会提出相对公平的分配方式。 在该实验的一个变体中，参与者在提出分配方案前会先进行一场虚假的技能比拼。那些被引导认为自己“获胜”的参与者，会比参与纯概率游戏的人给自己分配更多的钱。类似研究还表明，仅仅是脑海中产生 “凭借能力取胜” 的想法，就会让人对不平等的结果更加宽容。)”可知，作者通过引用“最后通牒游戏”实验暗示相信能力决定成败可能会助长自私与偏见。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Part of meritocracy’s moral appeal is its power to justify the existing social order. On top of that, it also offers flattery. Where success is determined by merit, each win can be viewed as a reflection of personal worth and worldly failures become signs of personal weaknesses.(优绩主义的道德吸引力部分在于它为现有社会秩序辩护的能力。除此之外，它还提供了奉承。在成功由才能决定的地方，每一次胜利都可以看作是个人价值的反映，而世俗的失败则成为个人弱点的标志。)”以及最后一段“Meritocracy ought to be abandoned both as a belief about how the world works and as a general social ideal. It’s false, and believing in it encourages selfishness, discrimination and indifference to the struggles of the unfortunate.(优绩主义作为一种关于世界如何运作的信念和一种普遍的社会理想，都应该被摒弃。它是错误的，相信它会鼓励自私、歧视和对不幸者挣扎的冷漠。)”可知，作者认为优绩主义的道德吸引力是错误的。故选A项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Meritocracy (优绩主义) has become a leading social ideal.(优绩主义已经成为一种主要的社会理想。)”以及最后一段中的“Meritocracy ought to be abandoned both as a belief about how the world works and as a general social ideal.(优绩主义作为一种关于世界如何运作的信念和一种普遍的社会理想，都应该被摒弃。)”结合全文内容可知，文章主要围绕优绩主义展开讨论，指出其错误及不良影响，目的是挑战一种普遍持有的社会信念。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How many times do you find yourself in a conversation with someone, waiting for the other person to stop talking so you can say what you want to say? ____35____ This common experience shows a lack of active listening, because you are only thinking about how you want to respond. Communication that leads to real human connection involves active listening and empathy. Active listening includes eye contact as well as verbal and non-verbal acknowledgments that you are listening. ____36____ Empathy involves reflection, validation and a genuine concern for how others are feeling. This combination of active listening and empathy — empathetic listening — can improve relationships of all kinds. ____37____ Being brave enough to share with another person is a vulnerable position to be in. Imagine sharing something sad with a friend: “I studied so hard for the math exam, but I still failed it.” Consider these two potential responses and how they would make you feel. “Oh well, I’m glad I’m not the one taking that exam. Want to hang out?” “That must be so hard. Thank you for sharing with me. I am here for you.” The first response might leave one feeling dismissed. Why do people respond like that? Perhaps the comment comes from a place of the listener being uncomfortable with hearing something that taps into their own fears or vulnerability. ____38____ The second response, however, might make one feel heard, seen and supported. It shows the listener heard what the other person was saying, understanding and expressing concern. So how do you know what to say or not to say when someone shares something difficult with you? Sometimes, the best thing to do is to sit and listen. Brene Brown, a renowned researcher in this field, says it best: “Empathy is a strange and powerful thing. There is no script. There is no right way or wrong way to do it. ____39____” A. Shifting the topic might bring comfort to the speaker. B. These include nodding, confirming, and clarifying questions. C. Just be empathetic and you’ll have thought-provoking conversations. D. It’s simply listening, withholding judgment, and emotionally connecting. E. Everyone wants to feel understood for speaking their thoughts and feelings. F. The listener may want to shut down the conversation and move to a safer space. G. You might even expect the other person to completely tune into what you are saying. 【答案】35. G 36. B 37. E 38. F 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了积极倾听与共情在沟通中的重要性，通过对比不同回应方式，说明共情倾听能让人感到被理解、被支持，并阐释了共情倾听的核心内涵。 【35题详解】 根据上文“How many times do you find yourself in a conversation with someone, waiting for the other person to stop talking so you can say what you want to say?(你有多少次在和别人交谈时，等着对方停下，好让你说出自己想说的话？)”可知，前文描述了一种常见的无效沟通场景，说明自己想说话，希望对方听，空处需要进一步补充这种心态。G选项(你甚至可能期待对方完全专注倾听你要说的内容。)承接上文的内心想法，与后文“只想着如何回应”形成呼应，符合语境。故选G项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Active listening includes eye contact as well as verbal and non-verbal acknowledgments that you are listening.(积极倾听包括眼神交流，以及表明你在倾听的语言和非语言反馈。)”可知，前文介绍积极倾听的表现，空处需要具体举例说明。B选项(这些包括点头、确认以及提出澄清问题。)具体列举了积极倾听的行为表现，对上文进行解释说明，符合语境。故选B项。 【37题详解】 根据下文“Being brave enough to share with another person is a vulnerable position to be in.(有勇气向他人分享内心想法是一种脆弱的状态。)”可知，本段围绕“向他人倾诉”展开。E选项(每个人都希望在说出自己的想法和感受时被理解。)引出倾诉者的心理需求，总领本段内容，符合语境。故选E项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Perhaps the comment comes from a place of the listener being uncomfortable with hearing something that taps into their own fears or vulnerability.(也许这种回应源于倾听者听到触及自身恐惧或脆弱的内容而感到不适。)”可知，前文分析了第一种敷衍回应的原因，空处需要进一步说明倾听者的心理。F选项(倾听者可能想结束这段对话，转向更安全的话题。)承接上文倾听者的不适心理，解释其转移话题的动机，符合语境。故选F项。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Empathy is a strange and powerful thing. There is no script. There is no right way or wrong way to do it.(共情是一种奇妙而强大的东西。它没有固定脚本，也没有所谓正确或错误的方式。)”可知，前文总结共情没有固定模式，空处需要点明共情的本质。D选项(它只是倾听、不做评判，并在情感上产生联结。)精准概括共情倾听的核心，与上文观点一致，符合语境。故选D项。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I have always been better at expressing myself through writing than verbally or through any other medium, and I’ve been communicating through the written words since I was a child. This practice became profoundly meaningful to me after my stepfather Vince passed away. Vince died in 2018, right before New Year’s Eve. I had wanted to write him a letter for years, long before his shocking diagnosis, but I kept delaying it. I always thought there would be more time. Sadly, I never finished that letter. It is a regret I will carry with me always. Yet, this personal failure led me to think of the other important people in my life — those I could still reach, those with whom I still had time. There were things I needed to say to them, words that mattered. In 2019, I made a list of everyone I wanted to write to, and I started sending a few letters here and there. Gratitude, regrets, apologies — all of these were found in my pages. Each envelope marked another crossing off of a name on my bucket list of recipients. In 2020, I appraised my progress and began thinking about how I might encourage other people to write letters too. I operated a website that encourages people to write letters to others — three letters, to be exact. There are no rules or restrictions regarding the contents of participants’ letters or the format they take. The letters can be typed or handwritten, in any length and language, on any style of paper, etc. My only advice is that the letters should be sent within one year. I am hesitant to impose any directives at all, but I believe a deadline can be helpful as it will remind people we don’t always have all the time we think we do. My goal is to work on a letter to someone at least once a month. We have only a limited amount of time on this planet. There are important things that we need to say. 40. What did the author find important after losing her stepfather? _______________________________________________________ 41. Why did the author set up the website? _______________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢ On the author’s website, she suggests a deadline in order to collect as many letters as possible. _______________________________________________________ 43. If you are to write a letter to someone, who will you write to? What will you write about? (In about 40 words) _______________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Expressing herself through writing. 41. To encourage people to write letters to others. 42. On the author’s website, she suggests a deadline in order to collect as many letters as possible. Because the author sets the deadline to remind people of the limited time, not to collect as many letters as possible. 43. I will write to my mother. I want to express my deep gratitude to her for taking good care of me every day. I also want to say sorry for sometimes making her angry and promise to be more understanding. 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了作者因未能给继父写完一封信而留下遗憾，之后开始给生命中重要的人写信，并建立网站鼓励他人也写信，珍惜与他人相处的时光。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“I have always been better at expressing myself through writing than verbally or through any other medium, and I’ve been communicating through the written words since I was a child. This practice became profoundly meaningful to me after my stepfather Vince passed away. (一直以来，我都更擅长通过写作表达自己，而非口头表达或其他任何方式；从小我就习惯用文字与人交流。在继父文斯去世后，这种表达方式对我而言变得意义非凡。)”可知，作者在失去继父后，作者通过写作表达自己。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段“In 2020, I appraised my progress and began thinking about how I might encourage other people to write letters too. I operated a website that encourages people to write letters to others — three letters, to be exact. (2020年，我评估了自己的进展，并开始思考如何鼓励其他人也写信。我运营着一个网站，鼓励人们给别人写信——确切地说，是写三封信。)”可知，作者建立网站是为了鼓励其他人也给他人写信。 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第六段“I am hesitant to impose any directives at all, but I believe a deadline can be helpful as it will remind people we don’t always have all the time we think we do.(我并不想强加任何指示，但我认为设置一个截止日期会有所帮助，因为它会提醒人们，我们并不总是拥有我们认为的那么多时间。)”可知，作者设置截止日期是为了提醒人们时间有限，而非为了收集尽可能多的信件。题干中“collect as many letters as possible”与原文表述矛盾，故“On the author’s website, she suggests a deadline in order to collect as many letters as possible.”中的“collect as many letters as possible”错误，应改为“remind people that we don’t always have the time we think we do”，原因是：Because the author sets the deadline to remind people of the limited time, not to collect as many letters as possible. 【43题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：如果你打算写信给某人，你会写给谁？你会写些什么？（大约40字）答案不唯一，合理即可。结合自身经历，选择想要写信的人，并说明写信的内容，贴合文章中“对重要的人说重要的话”的主旨即可。例如：I will write to my mother. I want to express my deep gratitude to her for taking good care of me every day. I also want to say sorry for sometimes making her angry and promise to be more understanding. (我会给我妈妈写信。我想向她表达深深的感激之情，感谢她每天对我的悉心照顾。我也想为有时让她生气而道歉，并承诺会更加体谅她。)。 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校即将举办“未来已来”（The Future is Here）的科技节活动。你打算邀请你的国际部好友Jim参加。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．活动安排（时间、地点等）； 2．活动内容。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I'm writing to invite you to our school’s upcoming science and technology festival themed “The Future is Here”. The festival will be held in the school hall from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. next Saturday. There will be a variety of activities. First, a science fiction movie will be shown in the morning, which can inspire our imagination about the future. Then, we’ll have a speech delivered by a famous scientist, where he’ll share his insights on the latest technological trends. In the afternoon, students can participate in hands-on workshops to experience cutting-edge technologies like 3D printing. I'm sure you’ll find it fascinating. Looking forward to seeing you then. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，要求考生以李华的身份邀请国际部好友Jim参加学校举办的“未来已来”科技节活动，需清晰阐述活动安排和内容。 【详解】1. 汇积累 即将来临的：upcoming → approaching 主题是……：be themed... → with the theme of... 举办：hold→throw 参加：participate in →take part in 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The festival will be held in the school hall from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. next Saturday. 拓展句：The festival, which is one of the most anticipated events in our school, will be held in the school hall from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. next Saturday. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, a science fiction movie will be shown in the morning, which can inspire our imagination about the future.（运用which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Then, we'll have a speech delivered by a famous scientist, where he'll share his insights on the latest technological trends.（运用where引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $