期中复习讲义考点3：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 2025-2026学年译林版八年级英语下册

译林版·八年级英语下册期中复习 ——考点3：现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 本考点源自Unit 1 Grammar。现在完成时和一般过去时都表示过去发生的动作，但关注点不同。掌握两者的区别是期中考试的高频考点。 一、核心区别对比 一般过去时：只说明过去发生的动作或状态，与现在没有直接联系。常与具体的过去时间状语连用。 现在完成时：强调过去动作对现在的影响或结果，或者动作从过去持续到现在。不与具体的过去时间状语连用。 对比项 一般过去时 现在完成时 关注点 动作发生的时间 动作对现在的影响或持续 时间状语 yesterday, last week, in 2010, ...ago, just now already, yet, ever, never, just, for, since, so far 例句 I saw the film yesterday. (只说明昨天看了) I have seen the film. (知道内容，不关心何时看) 与现在关系 无直接联系 有联系（结果或持续） 疑问词 When did you...? Have you ever...? / How long...? 📌 典型对比： • I lost my key yesterday. (昨天丢了，可能已找到，与现在无关) • I have lost my key. (现在还没找到，进不去门) 二、常见时间状语对比 一般过去时专用 现在完成时专用 两种都可使用 yesterday, last night/week/year already, yet, ever, never, just this morning, today, this week ...ago (two days ago) so far, up to now, recently since + 时间点, for + 时间段 in 2010, in the past in the last few years — ⚠️ 注意：当句子中有明确的过去时间状语（如yesterday, last week, in 2020, just now）时，只能用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时。 ❌ I have seen him yesterday. → ✅ I saw him yesterday. 三、since从句的时态配合 在“主句（现在完成时）+ since + 从句（一般过去时）”结构中，since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 I have lived here since I was born. She has worked in this school since she left university. 四、分层精练（共30题） A组 · 用所给动词的适当形式填空（每题1分，共12分） 1. I ______ (buy) a new bike last week. 2. She ______ (already finish) her homework. She can watch TV now. 3. They ______ (visit) the museum yesterday morning. 4. He ______ (live) in this city since 2010. 5. — When ______ you ______ (see) the film? — Last night. 6. I ______ (not eat) anything yet. I'm hungry. 7. My father ______ (work) in this factory for 15 years. 8. We ______ (go) to the beach last summer. It was great. 9. ______ you ever ______ (be) to Japan? — No, never. 10. He ______ (not finish) his report yet. He is still working on it. 11. She ______ (read) this book three times. 12. They ______ (move) to this city in 2018. B组 · 单项选择（每题2分，共16分） 1. — Where is Tom? — He ______ to the library. He will be back soon. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes 2. I ______ my pen yesterday. I can't find it now. A. lose B. lost C. have lost D. will lose 3. — ______ you ever ______ to the Great Wall? — Yes, I went there in 2019. A. Did; go B. Have; been C. Have; gone D. Do; go 4. She ______ in Nanjing since she was born. A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live 5. My family ______ a trip to Hangzhou last spring. A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take 6. — When ______ you ______ your homework? — Two hours ago. A. have; finished B. did; finish C. do; finish D. will; finish 7. I ______ this movie before. It's very interesting. A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see 8. They ______ each other since they were in primary school. A. know B. knew C. have known D. will know C组 · 句型转换（每题2分，共10分） 1. She has finished her work. (改为一般过去时，加上yesterday) ________________________________________________ 2. He bought a new car last month. (改为现在完成时) ________________________________________________ 3. I have lived here for ten years. (对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________ 4. They went to Beijing in 2019. (用ever改为现在完成时一般疑问句) ________________________________________________ 5. I haven't seen the film yet. (改为一般过去时，加上last week) ________________________________________________ D组 · 改错（每句只有一处错误，找出并改正，每题2分，共8分） 1. I have seen the film yesterday. It was wonderful. 改正：________________________________________________ 2. She has gone to Shanghai last year. 改正：________________________________________________ 3. He has finished his homework an hour ago. 改正：________________________________________________ 4. They have never been to the museum last summer. 改正：________________________________________________ E组 · 语篇填空（每空1分，共8分） My hometown ______ (1) (change) a lot over the years. I ______ (2) (live) here since I was born. In the past, the streets ______ (3) (be) very narrow. There ______ (4) (be) only one small shop. Last year, the government ______ (5) (build) a new square in the town center. Now, many people ______ (6) (come) to exercise there every evening. I ______ (7) (already take) many photos of the new square. I ______ (8) (never see) my hometown so beautiful before. 参考答案（教师用卷） A组： 1. bought 2. has already finished 3. visited 4. has lived 5. did; see 6. haven't eaten 7. has worked 8. went 9. Have; been 10. hasn't finished 11. has read 12. moved B组： 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 8. C C组： 1. She finished her work yesterday. 2. He has bought a new car. 3. How long have you lived here? 4. Have they ever been to Beijing? 5. I didn't see the film last week. D组： 1. have seen → saw 2. has gone → went 3. has finished → finished 4. have never been → didn't go (或去掉last summer) E组： 1. has changed 2. have lived 3. were 4. was 5. built 6. come 7. have already taken 8. have never seen 2/2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $