新人教版八下Unit 4 单词短语句型语法（教材高频考点专练）（含答案解析）

It never rains but it pours.不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据提示或单词的适当形式填空（共25小题，每小题1分，共25分） 1．Her ________ /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ about the cave made her ask the guide many questions. 【答案】curiosity 【详解】句意：她对那个洞穴的好奇使她向导游问了许多问题。句中“made”是谓语动词，前面缺少主语，结合“ask the guide many questions”以及音标 /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/可知，应是说她对洞穴的好奇，curiosity“好奇，好奇心”，符合语境。 2．It is ___________ /'nætʃərəl/ that children are curious about the world around. 【答案】natural 【详解】句意：孩子们对周围的世界充满好奇是很自然的。根据所给音标可知，空格处为natural“自然的”。故填natural。 3．It is the highest railway in the world climbing more than 5,000 meters a________ sea level. 【答案】above/bove 【详解】句意：这是世界上海拔超过5000米的最高铁路。“above sea level”是固定搭配，意为“海拔、海平面以上”，符合语境和首字母a的要求。 4．She carried a heavy exploration bag on her left s________ as she walked through the cave. 【答案】shoulder/houlder 【详解】句意：当她穿越洞穴时，左肩上背着一个沉重的探险包。“on one’s shoulder”意为“在某人的肩膀上”，固定搭配。left shoulder表示“左肩”，shoulder用单数形式。故填shoulder。 5．The water in the lake is very clear, so we can see the b________ of the lake clearly. 【答案】bottom/ottom 【详解】句意：湖里的水很清澈，所以我们可以清楚地看到湖底。该处需一个名词，在句中作及物动词“see”的宾语；“water…is very clear”及“see…clearly”提示语义与“底部”相关；空格前有定冠词“the”，空格后为“of the lake”，要求使用名词单数形式。结合首字母“b”，故填bottom。 6．The Great Wall in China is one of the greatest w________ (奇观) of the ancient world. 【答案】wonders/onders 【详解】句意：中国的长城是古代世界最伟大的奇观之一。句中“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”为固定结构，表示“……中最……之一”，故空格处应填可数名词的复数形式。wonder作“奇观，奇迹”讲时为可数名词，复数形式为wonders。故填wonders。 7．With the development of science and technology, people’s living ________ (条件) are improved. 【答案】conditions 【详解】句意：随着科学技术的发展，人们的生活条件得到了改善。条件：condition，根据“are”可知句子主语用名词复数。故填conditions。 8．It’s ________ (usually) to see snow in this city in November—most years it doesn’t snow until January. 【答案】unusual 【详解】句意：在这个城市的十一月份看到雪是不寻常的——大多数年份直到一月份才下雪。usually“通常地”，副词；It is + 形容词 + to do sth.“做某事是……”，固定句型，所以此处应填形容词；根据“most years it doesn’t snow until January”可知，大多数年份直到一月份才下雪，所以十一月份下雪是不寻常的，unusual“不寻常的”，形容词，符合题意。故填unusual。 9．His ________ (curious) about ancient civilizations led him to become an archaeologist. 【答案】curiosity 【详解】句意：他对古代文明的好奇心使他成为一名考古学家。空前是形容词性物主代词，所以空处应填名词作主语，curious的名词形式是curiosity。故填curiosity。 10．We spent a week visiting the ________(wonder)of Ancient Greek civilization. 【答案】wonders 【详解】句意：我们花了一个星期的时间参观了古希腊文明的奇迹。根据“the ... of Ancient Greek civilization.”及所给单词可知，此处应用名词，wonder作名词表示“奇迹”，为可数名词，此处用复数形式。故填wonders。 11．With the ________ of 5G technology, great changes have taken place in how people communicate. (develop) 【答案】development 【详解】句意：随着5G技术的发展，人们的沟通方式发生了巨大变化。根据“With the…of 5G technology”以及提示词可知，此处指“随着5G技术的发展”，the development of“……的发展”。故填development。 12．The host with excellent spoken English grew up in the ________ (north) part of China. 【答案】northern 【详解】句意：这位英语口语出色的主持人是在中国的北部地区长大的。根据“part of China”和提示单词可知，是中国的北部，此处需用其形容词形式描述中国的一部分。“north”为名词，其形容词形式为“northern”，修饰名词part，符合语境。故填northern。 13．The weather in London is so ________ (change) that people usually have to take an umbrella. 【答案】changeable 【详解】句意：伦敦的天气是如此变化无常，以至于人们通常不得不带一把雨伞。change“改变，变化”，动词，空格前为so，后接形容词，其形容词形式是changeable，意为“易变的，变化无常的”。故填changeable。 14．The slow ________ of the forest made many animals lose their warm homes. (die) 【答案】death 【详解】句意：森林的缓慢消亡使许多动物失去了它们温暖的家园。die“死亡”，动词。根据“The slow...of the forest made many animals lose their warm homes.”可知，此处指森林的“消亡”，应用名词形式，die的名词形式为death，表示“消亡”，符合语境。故填death。 15．Many young actors performed ________ in their first show and won much praise. (succeed) 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：许多年轻演员在他们的第一场演出中表现出色，并赢得了很多赞誉。句中“performed”为动词，需用副词修饰，succeed的副词形式是successfully，表示“成功地；出色地”，符合语境，故填successfully。 16．The products are not ________ (simple) made in China. In fact, they are designed and developed by the Chinese. 【答案】simply 【详解】句意：这些产品并非仅仅是在中国制造。事实上，它们是由中国人设计和研发的。“simple”是形容词，意为“简单的”；此处要修饰动词“made”，需要用副词形式，“simple”的副词形式是“simply”，意思是“仅仅，只是；简单地”，符合语境。故填simply。 17．What’s more, show your friends that you value your friendship, even if you disagree about some things, ________ (include) what to eat or where to go. 【答案】including 【详解】句意：此外，向你的朋友表明你重视你们的友谊，即使你们在一些事情上有分歧，包括吃什么或去哪里。此处表示“包括”，需用介词；“include”的介词形式是“including”。故填including。 18．The costumes in Yangzhou opera are very ________, which helps to tell the story better. (attract) 【答案】attractive 【详解】句意：扬剧的戏服非常有吸引力，这有助于更好地讲述故事。系动词“are”后接形容词作表语，attract的形容词形式是attractive，表示“有吸引力的；吸引人的”，符合语境，故填attractive。 19．The newly-built museum is ________ in the centre of our city. (location) 【答案】located 【详解】句意：新建的博物馆位于我们城市的中心。 句子缺谓语动词，location变成动词locate；此处表达“位于某处”用一般现在时的被动形式is located in。故答案为located。 20．The compass helped the Chinese sailor (航海家) and ________ Zheng He (1371—1433) sail from China to as far as Africa and Arabia. (explore) 【答案】explorer 【详解】句意：指南针帮助中国航海家和探险家郑和从中国远航到非洲和阿拉伯。根据“the Chinese sailor and...”可知，此处应用explore“探索”的名词形式explorer“探险家”与sailor“航海家”并列。故填explorer。 21．The young ________ (climb) felt tired but happy when she reached the top of the hill. 【答案】climber 【详解】句意：当这位年轻的攀登者到达山顶时，她感到疲惫但很开心。根据“The young”可知，此处使用名词，climb的名词为climber，根据“she”可知，此处使用单数名词。 22．Although the exploration task was hard, she was ________ (determine) to finish it successfully. 【答案】determined 【详解】句意：虽然探索任务很艰难，她下定决心要成功完成它。be determined to do sth.意为“决心做某事”，固定搭配。故填determined。 23．After months of hard work, they finally ________ (success) reached the top of the mountain. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：经过数月的艰苦努力，他们最终成功地登上了山顶。修饰动词reached应该用副词，success的副词形式是successfully“成功地”。 24．Swimming in the river alone at night can be quite ________ (risk), so it’s better to go with someone. 【答案】risky 【详解】句意：晚上独自在河里游泳是相当危险的，所以最好和别人一起去。be动词后接形容词，作表语，risk是名词或动词，意为“危险”或“冒……的危险”，其形容词形式是risky，意为“有危险的，冒险的”，符合语境。 25．It seemed that there was nothing doctors could do to keep him ________ (live). 【答案】alive 【详解】句意：似乎医生们无法让他活下去。keep sb. alive意为“让某人活下去”，alive为形容词，作宾语补足语。 二、单项选择（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 26．Knowledge is like the spring water. The ________ we dig, the ________ clear water we can get. A．deeper; much B．deep; more C．deeper; more D．deep; much 【答案】C 【详解】句意：知识就像泉水。我们挖得越深，就能得到越多清澈的水。根据“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……”，应填deeper; more。 27．Chinese opera is ________ in China. Many foreigners love it very much. A．one of the most popular art form B．one of the most popular art forms C．the most popular art forms D．most popular art forms 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国戏曲是中国最受欢迎的艺术形式之一。许多外国人非常喜欢它。考查“one of the+最高级+名词复数”结构。选项A中“art form”为单数，不符合该结构要求；选项C缺少“one of”，与句意不符；选项D缺少冠词“the”且无“one of”，结构不完整。只有选项B符合“one of the most popular art forms”的正确表达。故选B。 28．— Did you visit the museum about ancient Egypt? — Yes. I saw many old things and learned a lot about Egyptian ________. A．situation B．civilization C．conversation D．instruction 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你参观关于古埃及的博物馆了吗？——是的。我看到了许多古老的东西，并且学到了很多关于埃及文明的知识。situation情况；civilization文明；conversation对话；instruction指示。根据“visit the museum about ancient Egypt”和“saw many old things”可知，参观古埃及博物馆主要是了解其历史文明，应填civilization。 29．—The weather in the cave is so changeable, just like a roller coaster.—Yes, it’s true. ________! A．What a strange weather B．How a strange weather C．How changeable weather D．What changeable weather 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——洞穴里的天气变化无常，就像过山车一样。——是的，确实如此。多么变化无常的天气啊！weather是不可数名词，前面不能加冠词a，排除A、B选项；感叹句修饰名词应用What引导，结构为“What+形容词+名词!”，How引导感叹句修饰形容词或副词，排除C选项。 30．Though the cave exploration task was ________, the team completed it ________ by working together. A．hardly; successful B．hard; successfully C．hard; successful D．hardly; successfully 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然洞穴探险任务很艰难，但团队通过合作成功地完成了它。hardly几乎不；hard艰难的；successful成功的；successfully成功地。第一空位于系动词was之后，需用形容词作表语，hard“艰难的”，hardly“几乎不”，根据句意应填hard；第二空修饰动词completed，需用副词，应填successfully。 31．The ________ of many coral reefs has made scientists worried, and we must stop this from getting worse. A．died B．dead C．death D．die 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多珊瑚礁的死亡让科学家们感到担忧，我们必须阻止这种情况恶化。died死亡，动词过去式；dead死的，形容词；death死亡，名词；die死亡，动词原形。根据空前定冠词“The”可知，此处需填名词作主语，应用death。 32．—Could you please tell me something about the amusement park (游乐园), please? —With pleasure. It _________ an area of about 1.16 square kilometres, _________ four different parks. A．is; includes B．covers; includes C．covers; including D．is; including 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我一些关于这个游乐园的事情吗？——乐意效劳。它占地约1.16平方公里，包括四个不同的园区。考查词义辨析。is是；covers覆盖，占地；includes包括；including包括（介词）。根据“an area of about 1.16 square kilometres”可知，此处指占地面积，用covers；分析句子结构，后半部分“…four different parks”是对前文的补充说明，句子已经有谓语动词，此处用介词including。故选C。 33．—Why do you always choose this bookstore for reading? —Because its service is ________ in the city, and it provides ________, including different kinds of books, snacks and even free WiFi. A．second to none; a bit of everything B．a bit of everything; second to none C．second to none; nothing but books D．a bit of everything; a piece of cake 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么总是选择这家书店阅读？——因为它的服务在这个城市里是最好的，而且它提供各种各样的东西，包括不同种类的书、小吃，甚至还有免费的无线网络。考查短语辨析。second to none首屈一指；a bit of everything各种各样；nothing but books只有书；a piece of cake小菜一碟。根据“Because its service is…in the city, and it provides…, including different kinds of books, snacks and even free WiFi.”可知，这家书店的服务是最好的，而且提供的物品也是各种各样的。故选A。 34．A balanced diet should include nutrient-rich vegetables and whole grains __________ lean proteins (瘦蛋白). A．as good as B．as far as C．as well as D．as long as 【答案】C 【详解】句意：均衡的饮食应该包括富含营养的蔬菜和全谷物，以及瘦蛋白。考查短语辨析。as good as和……一样好；as far as就……而言；as well as也，和；as long as只要。根据“nutrient-rich vegetables and whole grains...lean proteins (瘦蛋白).”可知，富含营养的蔬菜和全谷物，与瘦蛋白之间是并列关系，所以用as well as连接。故选C。 35．Many ________ students have joined in this speech competition, and I guess more than two ________ students in our school are included. A．hundred of; hundreds B．hundreds of; hundreds C．hundred of; hundred D．hundreds of; hundred 【答案】D 【详解】句意：许多学生参加了这次演讲比赛，我猜我们学校有超过两百名学生参与其中。 考查数词用法。根据英文表达可知，“hundreds of”表示“数百的”，用于泛指大量，此时“hundred”必须加“s”且后接“of”；“two hundred”表示具体数字“两百”，此时“hundred”不加“s”且直接修饰名词。第一空泛指“许多学生”，用“hundreds of”；第二空为具体数字“两百”，用“hundred”。故选D。 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 At Uppingham School, there is a program called the Duke of Edinburgh Awards. It 36 students to challenge themselves in a number of ways and helps them 37 physical strength and personal skills. The time needed for each task 38 depending on the type of award you want to win. For the gold award, 39 the “physical” or “skill” test should last for 12 months. The most 40 part of the program is the expedition (探险旅行). In the gold group, we have to 41 four days and three nights outdoors. We 42 to go canoeing (划独木舟) for our trip. It took months for us to 43 , as we had to learn some survival skills. 44 we trained hard and learned all the skills beforehand, our practice expedition was much more difficult than we expected. We had to canoe for at least six hours a day, 45 rowing through the water. We also faced other 46 , such as falling into the water and having to get out of the canoe and drag (拉) it over some rocks. Although physical strength is important, it was 47 that really got us through the four days. We learned to work together with our teammates to find the right way to paddle (划桨). When we were in trouble, we helped each other out, as well as 48 our food and dry clothes. It was an unforgettable 49 that turned me into a stronger and more tolerant (宽容的) person. I learned to work with both other people and with nature. I am 50 receiving my gold award. 36. A. forces B. encourages C. reminds D. allows 37. A. test B. develop C. find D. use 38. A. passes B. ends C. starts D. changes 39. A. either B. neither C. whether D. if 40. A. common B. endangered C. challenging D. expensive 41. A. take B. count C. cost D. spend 42. A. chose B. offered C. continued D. failed 43. A. compare B. prepare C. complete D. accept 44. A. Unless B. Before C. Although D. Until 45. A. keeping B. imagining C. avoiding D. starting 46. A. choices B. events C. games D. difficulties 47. A. teamwork B. knowledge C. information D. attention 48. A. spread B. shared C. collected D. dropped 49. A. accident B. sport C. experience D. decision 50. A. coming up with B. looking forward to C. putting off D. caring about 【答案】36—40 BBDAC 41—45 DABCA 46—50 DABCB 【详解】36. B. encourages解析：这个项目“鼓励”学生挑战自我，encourages 符合教育类项目的积极语境。 37. B. develop解析：帮助学生“培养”体能和个人技能，develop 表示“发展、培养”。 38. D. changes解析：每项任务所需时间会根据奖项类型“变化”。 39. A. either解析：either...or... 表示“要么……要么……”，指体能或技能测试需持续12个月。 40. C. challenging解析：探险旅行是项目中最“具挑战性”的部分。 41. D. spend解析：spend four days and three nights outdoors 表示“在户外度过四天三夜”。 42. A. chose解析：我们“选择”划独木舟作为旅行方式。 43. B. prepare解析：花了数月时间“准备”，因为要学习生存技能。 44. C. Although解析：尽管提前刻苦训练，但实际探险比预期更难，表转折。 45. A. keeping解析：每天至少划6小时，持续在水中划船，keeping 表示“持续做某事”。 46. D. difficulties解析：还面临其他“困难”，比如落水、拖船过岩石。 47. A. teamwork解析：体能虽重要，但“团队合作”才让我们撑过四天，后文提到与队友协作。 48. B. shared解析：遇到困难时互相帮助，并“分享”食物和干衣服。 49. C. experience解析：这是一次难忘的“经历”，塑造了更坚强宽容的自己。 50. B. looking forward to解析：我“期待”收到金奖，look forward to 表示“期待”。 四、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 51．Mary is the most careful student in her class. (改为同义句) Mary is more careful than ________ ________ student in her class. 【答案】 any other 【详解】句意：玛丽是她班上最细心的学生。原句使用最高级结构“the most careful”描述玛丽在班级中的地位。改写后的句子使用了比较级结构more careful than“比……更细心”。在英语中，常用“比较级+than+any other+可数名词单数”这一结构来表达最高级含义，即表示玛丽比班上其他任何一个学生都更细心。 52．Lake Superior covers about 82,000 square kilometres. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ is Lake Superior? 【答案】 How large/big 【详解】句意：苏必利尔湖的面积约为82000平方公里。划线部分为“about 82,000 square kilometres”，这是提问面积大小，how large或how big用于询问物体的面积、规模等，放在句首引导特殊疑问句。 53．长城不仅是中国的骄傲，也是世界的奇迹之一。（完成译句） The Great Wall is ________ ________ the pride of China ________ ________ one of the wonders of the world. 【答案】 not only but also 【详解】原句中“不仅……也是……”是关键词，not only...but also...为固定搭配，表示“不仅……而且……”，用于连接两个并列的成分，符合句子逻辑及语境。 54．渐渐地，太阳从海平面上升起，照亮了整个海滩。（完成译句） ________ ________ ________ the sun rose above the horizon and lit up the whole beach. 【答案】 Bit by bit 【详解】原句中“渐渐地”为关键信息，对应固定短语Bit by bit，用于句首作状语修饰整个句子。 55．他一生中从未见过如此壮观的瀑布。（完成译句）   He has never seen such a spectacular waterfall ______ ______ ______. 【答案】 in his lifetime 【详解】原句中“他一生中”是关键词，表示“在某人一生中”的介词短语是in one’s lifetime，主语为He，one’s应变为his。 56．如果你去参观它，你将会看到地球上最大的活体生物结构。（完成译句） If you visit it, you will see the ________ ________ ________ on earth. 【答案】 largest living structure 【详解】原句中“最大的活体生物结构”是关键词，“最大的”常见表达为largest，用于修饰名词，所以①处填largest；“活体的”是living，作形容词修饰名词，故②处为living；“结构”对应的英文单词是structure，所以③处填structure。 57．青海湖是不同种类动物的家园，比如鸟类和鱼类。（完成译句） Qinghai Lake is home to ________ ________ ________ ________, such as birds and fish. 【答案】 different types of animals 【详解】原句中“不同种类动物”是关键词，表示“不同种类的动物”的短语是different types of animals。本句为一般现在时，主语Qinghai Lake是单数，be home to后接名词短语。 58．我们持续探索宇宙，因为人类的好奇心与雄心永无止境。（完成译句） We keep exploring space because ________ ________ and ________ are endless. 【答案】 human curiosity ambition 【详解】句子表达的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时。“好奇心”curiosity，“雄心”ambition，这两个词都是不可数名词，在句中作主语；“永无止境”endless，形容词作表语。故填human curiosity；ambition。 59．只有最顶尖的登山者，才能在熬过恶劣环境后成功登顶。（完成译句） Only the best climbers can reach the top if they ________ ________ ________ ________ first. 【答案】 survive the terrible conditions 【详解】原句中“熬过恶劣环境”是关键词，表示“熬过恶劣环境”的表达是survive the terrible conditions。本句为if引导的条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语they为复数，动词用原形。 60．贝加尔湖的湖面面积达31500平方千米。（完成译句） The ________ of Lake Baikal ________ 31,500 ________ kilometres. 【答案】 surface covers square 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“表面”、“占地（面积）达”和“平方”。surface名词，意为“表面”，the surface of“……的表面”；cover动词，意为“覆盖；占地（面积）达”，主语the surface是单数，需用第三人称单数形式；square形容词，意为“平方的”。故填surface；covers；square。 五、阅读理解（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面语篇，选出最佳选项。 China’s tourism market is set to grow this spring since several provinces are giving primary and secondary school students “spring breaks.” This idea was also discussed at the annual Two Sessions (两会). The government supports these breaks to help families travel during off-peak times and to boost consumption (促进消费). Many cities have already announced their plans. For example, from April 1 to April 3, students in Chengdu will have a three-day spring break. This break can become a six-day holiday if combined with the Tomb Sweeping Day holiday. Other cities, like Nanjing and Suzhou, have similar schedules. Travel companies said the tourism market is likely to see notable growth this spring. According to LY.com, flight searches and bookings for late March and early April have doubled from the week before. Popular places for family trips include Sanya for its beaches, Kunming for its nice weather, and Guangzhou for its famous food. Some families also plan to visit Hong Kong, Macao, or even Bangkok and Singapore. Experts believe this policy (政策) is good for both families and the economy. Qi Chunguang from Tuniu said that spring breaks encourage family outings and educational tours. He added that if the break is in late April, it can even be combined with the May Day holiday for a longer trip. Lu Ming, a government adviser, thinks the policy should be expanded nationwide. He said it helps students reduce stress and gives parents a chance to travel with their children. He also suggests that companies should support this by offering paid leave to parents. This would allow families to fully enjoy their time together and gain a stronger sense of satisfaction and happiness. 61．According to the article, when is the spring break in Chengdu? A．From late March to early April. B．From April 1 to April 3. C．From April 4 to April 6. D．During the May Day holiday. 62．Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the spring break policy? A．It can help reduce students’ study pressure. B．It gives parents a chance for family trips. C．It increases the cost of flight tickets. D．It helps develop tourism and consumption. 63．The underlined word “notable” is closest in meaning to ____________. A．great B．possible C．general D．slow 64．Why does the writer mention the cities such as Sanya in paragraph 3? A．To show where the most popular travel destinations are. B．To explain why air tickets are more expensive. C．To suggest that people only like beach holidays. D．To prove that most people travel abroad. 65．What is Lu Ming’s attitude towards the spring break policy? A．Uninterested. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Supportive. 【答案】61．B 62．C 63．A 64．A 65．D 【解析】本文围绕多地中小学增设春假展开，介绍政策背景、各地安排、旅游市场反应、专家观点，说明春假的优势，是对家庭和经济双赢的政策，且有专家建议全国推广。 61．第二段第二句“For example, from April 1 to April 3, students in Chengdu will have a three-day spring break.”直接给出成都春假是4月1日至4月3日。 62．第一段“The government supports these breaks to help families travel during off-peak times and to boost consumption.”对应发展旅游，促进消费；第五段“He said it helps students reduce stress and gives parents a chance to travel with their children.”对应减轻学业压力，提供家长亲子游机会，未提及机票成本上涨。 63．第三段第一句“Travel companies said the tourism market is likely to see notable growth this spring.”结合后文“机票搜索预订翻倍”，说明增长显著，对应great。 64．第三段倒数第二句“Popular places for family trips include Sanya for its beaches, Kunming for its nice weather, and Guangzhou for its famous food.”明确说这些是家庭游热门目的地，作者举例是为展示热门旅游地。 65．第五段“Lu Ming, a government adviser, thinks the policy should be expanded nationwide…This would allow families to fully enjoy their time together and gain a stronger sense of satisfaction and happiness.”他认为政策应全国推广、认可其积极作用，态度是支持的。 六、任务型阅读（61和63每小题3分，62和64每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。 Stress is your body’s response (反应) to a challenge or requirement. Everyone experiences stress. You may feel a bit worried when hearing the word “stress”. This is because stress has effects on your whole life. Everyone has their own feelings about stress. Those feelings are often focused on the negative effects. However, stress can be either negative or positive. Generally, most of us only think about the bad sides of stress. Negative stress is stress that cannot be controlled. This bad effect of serious stress is often shown through physical and mental signs. When we face only mild (轻微的) stress, we are experiencing the good sides of stress. Dealing with stress helps you develop abilities in creativity, learning, and work efficiency. And finally, you get a higher level of ability to face higher stress levels in the future. Experts in a stress study center found the most common stressors (压力源). Those stressors include heavy work pressure, family and relationship problems, and so on. Besides these, even positive life moments, like getting married, may also act as stressors. Actually, all things pushing you to work can be called stressors. Luckily, there are ways to ease (消除) your stress levels if you set your mind to it. Whether negative or positive stress, it can be reduced by listening to music or doing exercise. Eating a healthy and balanced diet also helps reduce stress. 71．How may people feel when hearing the word “stress” according to the passage? 72．Can stress be positive? 73．When can we experience the good sides of stress? 74．What abilities will you develop when dealing with stress? 75．What do you think of the writer’s advice in the last paragraph? 【答案】71．They may feel a bit worried. 72．Yes, it can. 73．When we face only mild stress. 74．We will develop abilities in creativity, learning, and work efficiency. 75．The writer’s advice is useful and practical. We can easily follow these ways to reduce stress in our daily life. 【解析】本文介绍了压力的定义、人们对压力的普遍看法，说明压力有消极和积极两面，列举了常见压力源，并给出了听音乐、运动、健康饮食等减压方法。 71．第二段“You may feel a bit worried when hearing the word ‘stress’.” ，这是原文信息，可直接提取。 72．第三段“However, stress can be either negative or positive (积极的).” 可知，压力可以是积极的，作肯定回答。 73．第三段“When we face only mild (轻微的) stress, we are experiencing the good sides of stress.”， 这是原文信息，可直接提取。 74．第三段“Dealing with stress helps you develop abilities in creativity, learning, and work efficiency (效率).”，这是原文信息，可直接提取。 75．本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一。但最后一段给出了听音乐、运动、健康饮食等减压方法，这些方法简单可行，因此可以评价这些建议有用、实用。 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $It never rains but it pours.不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、根据提示或单词的适当形式填空（共25小题，每小题1分，共25分） 1．Her ________ /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ about the cave made her ask the guide many questions. 2．It is ___________ /'nætʃərəl/ that children are curious about the world around. 3．It is the highest railway in the world climbing more than 5,000 meters a________ sea level. 4．She carried a heavy exploration bag on her left s________ as she walked through the cave. 5．The water in the lake is very clear, so we can see the b________ of the lake clearly. 6．The Great Wall in China is one of the greatest w________ (奇观) of the ancient world. 7．With the development of science and technology, people’s living ________ (条件) are improved. 8．It’s ________ (usually) to see snow in this city in November—most years it doesn’t snow until January. 9．His ________ (curious) about ancient civilizations led him to become an archaeologist. 10．We spent a week visiting the ________(wonder)of Ancient Greek civilization. 11．With the ________ of 5G technology, great changes have taken place in how people communicate. (develop) 12．The host with excellent spoken English grew up in the ________ (north) part of China. 13．The weather in London is so ________ (change) that people usually have to take an umbrella. 14．The slow ________ of the forest made many animals lose their warm homes. (die) 15．Many young actors performed ________ in their first show and won much praise. (succeed) 16．The products are not ________ (simple) made in China. In fact, they are designed and developed by the Chinese. 17．What’s more, show your friends that you value your friendship, even if you disagree about some things, ________ (include) what to eat or where to go. 18．The costumes in Yangzhou opera are very ________, which helps to tell the story better. (attract) 19．The newly-built museum is ________ in the centre of our city. (location) 20．The compass helped the Chinese sailor (航海家) and ________ Zheng He (1371—1433) sail from China to as far as Africa and Arabia. (explore) 21．The young ________ (climb) felt tired but happy when she reached the top of the hill. 22．Although the exploration task was hard, she was ________ (determine) to finish it successfully. 23．After months of hard work, they finally ________ (success) reached the top of the mountain. 24．Swimming in the river alone at night can be quite ________ (risk), so it’s better to go with someone. 25．It seemed that there was nothing doctors could do to keep him ________ (live). 二、单项选择（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 26．Knowledge is like the spring water. The ________ we dig, the ________ clear water we can get. A．deeper; much B．deep; more C．deeper; more D．deep; much 27．Chinese opera is ________ in China. Many foreigners love it very much. A．one of the most popular art form B．one of the most popular art forms C．the most popular art forms D．most popular art forms 28．— Did you visit the museum about ancient Egypt? — Yes. I saw many old things and learned a lot about Egyptian ________. A．situation B．civilization C．conversation D．instruction 29．—The weather in the cave is so changeable, just like a roller coaster.—Yes, it’s true. ________! A．What a strange weather B．How a strange weather C．How changeable weather D．What changeable weather 30．Though the cave exploration task was ________, the team completed it ________ by working together. A．hardly; successful B．hard; successfully C．hard; successful D．hardly; successfully 31．The ________ of many coral reefs has made scientists worried, and we must stop this from getting worse. A．died B．dead C．death D．die 32．—Could you please tell me something about the amusement park (游乐园), please? —With pleasure. It _________ an area of about 1.16 square kilometres, _________ four different parks. A．is; includes B．covers; includes C．covers; including D．is; including 33．—Why do you always choose this bookstore for reading? —Because its service is ________ in the city, and it provides ________, including different kinds of books, snacks and even free WiFi. A．second to none; a bit of everything B．a bit of everything; second to none C．second to none; nothing but books D．a bit of everything; a piece of cake 34．A balanced diet should include nutrient-rich vegetables and whole grains __________ lean proteins (瘦蛋白). A．as good as B．as far as C．as well as D．as long as 35．Many ________ students have joined in this speech competition, and I guess more than two ________ students in our school are included. A．hundred of; hundreds B．hundreds of; hundreds C．hundred of; hundred D．hundreds of; hundred 三、完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 根据短文内容，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 At Uppingham School, there is a program called the Duke of Edinburgh Awards. It 36 students to challenge themselves in a number of ways and helps them 37 physical strength and personal skills. The time needed for each task 38 depending on the type of award you want to win. For the gold award, 39 the “physical” or “skill” test should last for 12 months. The most 40 part of the program is the expedition (探险旅行). In the gold group, we have to 41 four days and three nights outdoors. We 42 to go canoeing (划独木舟) for our trip. It took months for us to 43 , as we had to learn some survival skills. 44 we trained hard and learned all the skills beforehand, our practice expedition was much more difficult than we expected. We had to canoe for at least six hours a day, 45 rowing through the water. We also faced other 46 , such as falling into the water and having to get out of the canoe and drag (拉) it over some rocks. Although physical strength is important, it was 47 that really got us through the four days. We learned to work together with our teammates to find the right way to paddle (划桨). When we were in trouble, we helped each other out, as well as 48 our food and dry clothes. It was an unforgettable 49 that turned me into a stronger and more tolerant (宽容的) person. I learned to work with both other people and with nature. I am 50 receiving my gold award. 36. A. forces B. encourages C. reminds D. allows 37. A. test B. develop C. find D. use 38. A. passes B. ends C. starts D. changes 39. A. either B. neither C. whether D. if 40. A. common B. endangered C. challenging D. expensive 41. A. take B. count C. cost D. spend 42. A. chose B. offered C. continued D. failed 43. A. compare B. prepare C. complete D. accept 44. A. Unless B. Before C. Although D. Until 45. A. keeping B. imagining C. avoiding D. starting 46. A. choices B. events C. games D. difficulties 47. A. teamwork B. knowledge C. information D. attention 48. A. spread B. shared C. collected D. dropped 49. A. accident B. sport C. experience D. decision 50. A. coming up with B. looking forward to C. putting off D. caring about 四、完成句子（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分） 51．Mary is the most careful student in her class. (改为同义句) Mary is more careful than ________ ________ student in her class. 52．Lake Superior covers about 82,000 square kilometres. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ is Lake Superior? 53．长城不仅是中国的骄傲，也是世界的奇迹之一。（完成译句） The Great Wall is ________ ________ the pride of China ________ ________ one of the wonders of the world. 54．渐渐地，太阳从海平面上升起，照亮了整个海滩。（完成译句） ________ ________ ________ the sun rose above the horizon and lit up the whole beach. 55．他一生中从未见过如此壮观的瀑布。（完成译句）   He has never seen such a spectacular waterfall ______ ______ ______. 56．如果你去参观它，你将会看到地球上最大的活体生物结构。（完成译句） If you visit it, you will see the ________ ________ ________ on earth. 57．青海湖是不同种类动物的家园，比如鸟类和鱼类。（完成译句） Qinghai Lake is home to ________ ________ ________ ________, such as birds and fish. 58．我们持续探索宇宙，因为人类的好奇心与雄心永无止境。（完成译句） We keep exploring space because ________ ________ and ________ are endless. 59．只有最顶尖的登山者，才能在熬过恶劣环境后成功登顶。（完成译句） Only the best climbers can reach the top if they ________ ________ ________ ________ first. 60．贝加尔湖的湖面面积达31500平方千米。（完成译句） The ________ of Lake Baikal ________ 31,500 ________ kilometres. 五、阅读理解（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面语篇，选出最佳选项。 China’s tourism market is set to grow this spring since several provinces are giving primary and secondary school students “spring breaks.” This idea was also discussed at the annual Two Sessions (两会). The government supports these breaks to help families travel during off-peak times and to boost consumption (促进消费). Many cities have already announced their plans. For example, from April 1 to April 3, students in Chengdu will have a three-day spring break. This break can become a six-day holiday if combined with the Tomb Sweeping Day holiday. Other cities, like Nanjing and Suzhou, have similar schedules. Travel companies said the tourism market is likely to see notable growth this spring. According to LY.com, flight searches and bookings for late March and early April have doubled from the week before. Popular places for family trips include Sanya for its beaches, Kunming for its nice weather, and Guangzhou for its famous food. Some families also plan to visit Hong Kong, Macao, or even Bangkok and Singapore. Experts believe this policy (政策) is good for both families and the economy. Qi Chunguang from Tuniu said that spring breaks encourage family outings and educational tours. He added that if the break is in late April, it can even be combined with the May Day holiday for a longer trip. Lu Ming, a government adviser, thinks the policy should be expanded nationwide. He said it helps students reduce stress and gives parents a chance to travel with their children. He also suggests that companies should support this by offering paid leave to parents. This would allow families to fully enjoy their time together and gain a stronger sense of satisfaction and happiness. 61．According to the article, when is the spring break in Chengdu? A．From late March to early April. B．From April 1 to April 3. C．From April 4 to April 6. D．During the May Day holiday. 62．Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the spring break policy? A．It can help reduce students’ study pressure. B．It gives parents a chance for family trips. C．It increases the cost of flight tickets. D．It helps develop tourism and consumption. 63．The underlined word “notable” is closest in meaning to ____________. A．great B．possible C．general D．slow 64．Why does the writer mention the cities such as Sanya in paragraph 3? A．To show where the most popular travel destinations are. B．To explain why air tickets are more expensive. C．To suggest that people only like beach holidays. D．To prove that most people travel abroad. 65．What is Lu Ming’s attitude towards the spring break policy? A．Uninterested. B．Doubtful. C．Critical. D．Supportive. 六、任务型阅读（61和63每小题3分，62和64每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。 Stress is your body’s response (反应) to a challenge or requirement. Everyone experiences stress. You may feel a bit worried when hearing the word “stress”. This is because stress has effects on your whole life. Everyone has their own feelings about stress. Those feelings are often focused on the negative effects. However, stress can be either negative or positive. Generally, most of us only think about the bad sides of stress. Negative stress is stress that cannot be controlled. This bad effect of serious stress is often shown through physical and mental signs. When we face only mild (轻微的) stress, we are experiencing the good sides of stress. Dealing with stress helps you develop abilities in creativity, learning, and work efficiency. And finally, you get a higher level of ability to face higher stress levels in the future. Experts in a stress study center found the most common stressors (压力源). Those stressors include heavy work pressure, family and relationship problems, and so on. Besides these, even positive life moments, like getting married, may also act as stressors. Actually, all things pushing you to work can be called stressors. Luckily, there are ways to ease (消除) your stress levels if you set your mind to it. Whether negative or positive stress, it can be reduced by listening to music or doing exercise. Eating a healthy and balanced diet also helps reduce stress. 71．How may people feel when hearing the word “stress” according to the passage? 72．Can stress be positive? 73．When can we experience the good sides of stress? 74．What abilities will you develop when dealing with stress? 75．What do you think of the writer’s advice in the last paragraph? 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $