Unit6-Electricity everywhere- Grammar-培优练2025-2026学年沪教版七年级英语下册

Unit 6 Electricity everywhere ⭐Grammar 培优练 一、语法核心速记 1. 情态动词核心用法总表 情态动词 否定形式 核心用法 沈阳中考易错提示 例句（贴合教材） can cannot / can't 1. 表能力：能、会 2. 表许可（非正式）：可以 3. 表请求：Can you...? 后接动词原形，无人称 / 数的变化 We can see electricity in a lightning storm. may may not 1. 表许可（正式）：可以 2. 表请求：May I...? 3. 表推测：可能 比 can 更礼貌，正式场合用 may May I try?（教材原句） must must not / mustn't 1. 表义务 / 命令：必须 2. 表禁止：不准、不许 3. 表肯定推测：一定 mustn't 表 “禁止”，≠needn't（不必） You must give it back to me.（教材原句） 2. 情态动词用法对比 & 易混辨析 对比组 核心区别 例句 can vs may（表许可） can：非正式、口语化；may：正式、礼貌 1. Can I use your pen?（同学间） 2. May I come in, Mr. Li?（对老师） must vs have to must：主观 “必须”（说话人要求）；have to：客观 “不得不”（外界要求） 1. You must finish your homework first.（老师要求） 2. I have to get up early to catch the bus.（客观需要） mustn't vs needn't mustn't：禁止、不准；needn't：不必、不需要 1. You mustn't play with fire.（禁止玩火） 2. You needn't come early tomorrow.（不必早来） can vs be able to can：仅表现在 / 一般能力；be able to：可表过去 / 将来能力 1. I can swim.（现在会） 2. I was able to swim when I was 5.（过去会） 3. 情态动词通用规则表 规则 说明 例句 后接动词原形 所有情态动词后必须跟动词原形，无人称 / 数的变化 1. He can swim.（正确） 2. He can swims.（错误） 疑问句 / 否定句 直接提前 / 加 not，无需助动词 do/does 1. Can you help me? 2. You mustn't run in the hallway. 回答 must 提问 肯定用 must，否定用 needn't/don't have to（不用 mustn't） —Must I finish it now? —Yes, you must. / No, you needn't. 二、分层培优训练 基础达标练（课本同步，夯实基础） Ⅰ. 用 can /can't, may /may not, must /mustn't 填空 1. —_______ I borrow your ruler? —Yes, of course. 2. You _______ play with electricity. It's very dangerous. 3. I _______ speak English, but I _______ speak French. 4. —_______ you tell me about electricity? —Yes, I can. 5. You _______ finish your homework before you watch TV. 6. You _______ go out now. It's raining heavily. 7. —_______ I turn on the robot? —First you have to put the batteries in. 8. The robot _______ dance and sing, but it _______ swim. Ⅱ. 单项选择（基础考点） 1. —_______ I use your dictionary? —Sure, here you are. A. Must B. May C. Need D. Should 2. You _______ talk in class. It's against the school rules. A. can B. may C. mustn't D. needn't 3. —Can you play the piano? —No, I _______. A. can't B. mustn't C. may not D. needn't 4. You _______ be quiet in the library. A. can B. may C. must D. needn't 能力提升练 Ⅰ. 单项选择 1. —_______ I finish the work today? —No, you _______. You can finish it tomorrow. A. Must; mustn't B. May; may not C. Must; needn't D. Can; can't 2. —Can I go to the park with my friends, Mum? —Yes, you _______. But you _______ come back before 6 o'clock. A. can; must B. may; can C. must; may D. can; needn't 3. The robot _______ help you with your homework, but you _______ do it yourself. A. can; must B. must; can C. can; can D. must; mustn't 4. You _______ swim in the river. It's too dangerous. A. can B. may C. mustn't D. needn't 5. —_______ I ask you a question? —Of course, you _______. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Can; must D. May; may 6. —What _______ the robot do? —It _______ dance, sing and play chess. A. can; can B. must; can C. can; must D. may; may Ⅱ. 用方框内的词填空（每词限用一次，） can; can't; may; may not; must; mustn't Daisy got a robot Bobo for her birthday. Let's complete their conversation: Daisy: Thank you, Dad. It is the best gift in the world! Dad: You (1)_______ name your robot now. Daisy: I think I'll call him "Bobo". Dad: That's a good name. Daisy: How (2)_______ I turn him on? Dad: First you have to put the batteries inside here. Then you (3)_______ switch it on. Now you (4)_______ talk with "Bobo". Bobo: Hello. Please give me a name. Daisy: Hello. I'll name you "Bobo". Bobo: I love my name, thank you. Dad: Bobo, please tell us what you (5)_______ do. Bobo: I (6)_______ dance and sing and play football. I (7)_______ play chess and I (8)_______ speak Chinese, English and French. Daisy: Wow! You (9)_______ help me with my homework then. Bobo: If you have questions, you (10)_______ ask me. But you (11)_______ do your homework yourself. Daisy: OK. I'll go swimming in the afternoon. (12)_______ you come with me? Bobo: Sorry. I (13)_______ swim. I (14)_______ stay away from water. If I get wet, I'll become ill and won't work anymore. So you (15)_______ put me in the water. Dad: Daisy, here are the instructions for "Bobo". You (16)_______ read them very carefully and find out what you can and (17)_______ do. 培优冲刺练 Ⅰ. 句型转换（按要求改写句子，） 1. You can play with the robot.（改为否定句） You _______ _______ with the robot. 2. You must finish your homework today.（改为一般疑问句） _______ I _______ my homework today? 3. May I use your ruler?（作肯定回答） _______, you _______. 4. You mustn't run in the hallway.（改为同义句） _______ _______ in the hallway. 5. He can play the piano.（对划线部分提问） _______ _______ he _______? Ⅱ. 完形填空 Daisy's little brother Benny is going to primary school. Daisy is telling him about school rules: "Benny, you (1)_______ be polite to your classmates and teachers. You (2)_______ be late for class. You (3)_______ listen to the teacher carefully in class. You (4)_______ eat or drink in class. You (5)_______ run in the hallway. You (6)_______ keep the classroom clean. You (7)_______ ask the teacher for help if you have problems. You (8)_______ fight with your classmates. Remember these rules, and you (9)_______ have a happy school life!" 1. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 2. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 3. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 4. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 5. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 6. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 7. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 8. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 9. A. can B. may C. must D. mustn't 参考答案与解析 基础达标练 Ⅰ. 填空 1. May（表请求许可） 2. mustn't（表禁止，玩电很危险） 3. can; can't（表能力，会说英语，不会说法语） 4. Can（表请求，你能告诉我关于电的知识吗） 5. must（表义务，必须先完成作业再看电视） 6. may not / can't（表许可，外面下大雨，不能出去） 7. May / Can（表请求，我能打开机器人吗） 8. can; can't（表能力，机器人会跳舞唱歌，但不会游泳） Ⅱ. 单项选择 1. B 解析：表礼貌请求用 may。 2. C 解析：课堂上禁止说话，用 mustn't。 3. A 解析：can 提问的否定回答用 can't。 4. C 解析：图书馆必须保持安静，用 must。 能力提升练 Ⅰ. 单项选择 1. C 解析：must 提问的否定回答用 needn't（不必），不能用 mustn't。 2. A 解析：第一空表许可用 can；第二空表义务，必须 6 点前回来，用 must。 3. A 解析：机器人能帮你做作业（can），但你必须自己做（must）。 4. C 解析：禁止在河里游泳，用 mustn't。 5. B 解析：表礼貌请求用 may，肯定回答用 can。 6. A 解析：表能力用 can，机器人会跳舞、唱歌、下棋。 Ⅱ. 短文填空（教材原题完整答案） 1. can（表许可，你可以给机器人起名） 2. can（表方式，我怎么能打开它） 3. can（表许可，然后你可以打开它） 4. can（表能力，现在你可以和 Bobo 说话） 5. can（表能力，你能做什么） 6. can（表能力，我会跳舞、唱歌、踢足球） 7. can（表能力，我会下棋） 8. can（表能力，我会说中、英、法语） 9. can（表能力，你就能帮我做作业了） 10. can / may（表许可，你可以问我） 11. must（表义务，你必须自己做作业） 12. Can / May（表请求，你能和我一起去吗） 13. can't（表能力，我不会游泳） 14. must（表义务，我必须远离水） 15. mustn't（表禁止，你不准把我放进水里） 16. must（表义务，你必须仔细阅读说明书） 17. can't（表能力，弄清楚你能做和不能做的事） 培优冲刺练 Ⅰ. 句型转换 1. can't play（can 的否定形式为 can't，后接动词原形） 2. Must; finish（must 提前构成一般疑问句，后接动词原形） 3. Yes; can / may（may 提问的肯定回答用 Yes, you can/may） 4. Don't run（mustn't run = Don't run，祈使句否定形式） 5. What can; do（对能力提问用 What can...do?） Ⅱ. 完形填空 1. C（must 表义务，必须对同学老师有礼貌） 2. D（mustn't 表禁止，上课不准迟到） 3. C（must 表义务，必须认真听老师讲课） 4. D（mustn't 表禁止，课堂上不准吃喝） 5. D（mustn't 表禁止，走廊里不准跑） 6. C（must 表义务，必须保持教室干净） 7. A（can 表许可，有问题可以向老师求助） 8. D（mustn't 表禁止，不准和同学打架） 9. A（can 表能力，你就能拥有快乐的校园生活） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $