专题01 量词、数词及How many&How much（期中复习讲义）七年级英语下学期新教材仁爱科普版

专题01 量词、数词及How many/How much（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 量词 知识点02 How many/How much及how类特殊疑问词梳理 知识点03 数词 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空 补全对话 ..... 1. 可数名词与不可数名词； 2. 表示不确切数量的量词 3. 数词 4.How many/How much等 近年的中考命题，正从单纯考查知识向考查核心素养转变。这意味着，考题都更倾向于让学生在真实、有意义的语境中使用数词和量词。题型也不再局限于单项选择，而是更灵活地渗透在语篇填空、听力理解和书面表达中。 知识梳理·方法技巧 量词 量词：表示人、事物或动作的数量单位的词。在英语中，量词可以帮助可数名词和不可数名词表示数量，使数量表达更加准确。 在使用量词之前，学生必须先学会区分可数名词和不可数名词。这是整个量词语法的基础。 知识点01 可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词 不可数名词 分单、复数两种形式 desk →desks bus → buses 没有复数形式 tea meat 前面可用基数词、不定冠 词修饰 three boys an orange 不可以被基数词和不定冠词直接修饰，若表示数量可用“单位词+不可数名词” a piece of paper two cups of tea 可数名词的复数前可用many,some, any修饰 many teachers some friends 可用much, some, any修饰 some milk much bread 知识点02 可数名词和不可数名词数的变化 1.可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 规则变化 示 例 1 大多数名词在词尾加-s letter→ letters, cat→ cats, boy→ boys, desk→ desks ② 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es class→ classes, box→ boxes, watch→ watches, brush→ brushes ③ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，变y为i，再加-es hobby→ hobbies, city→ cities, country→ countries ④ 以o结尾的名词，大多数加-s，少数加-es 加-s: radio→ radios, zoo→ zoos, photo→ photos, piano→ pianos 加-es: hero→ heroes, tomato→ tomatoes, potato→ potatoes ⑤ 部分以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v，再加-es knife→ knives, half→ halves 用顺口溜记住常见的把f或fe改为v加-es的单词： 树叶 半 数自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮， 架后窜出一只狼，就像盗贼逃命忙。 leaf树叶 half一半 self 自己 wife妻子 knife 小刀 Shelf 架子 wolf 狼 thief 贼 life 生命 注意：可数名词可与不定冠词a/an连用，有复数形式。普通名词中个体名词和集体名词一般是可数名词。 2. 可数名词复数的不规则变化 不规则变化 示 例 ① 变化元音字母构成复数 foot→ feet, goose→ geese, tooth→ teeth, man→ men, woman→ women ② 单复数形式相同 sheep, deer, fish （注意：fish指鱼的数量时单复数同形；指鱼的种类时复数是fishes） ③ 特殊变化 child→ children, mouse→ mice, ox→ oxen 3. 其他情况： ① “某国人”变复数口诀：中日不变英法变，其余-s加后面。如： 中日不变：Chinese, Japanese 英法变：Englishman→ Englishmen, Frenchman→ Frenchmen 其余-s加后面：Germans, Americans, Australians, Indians ② 由两个名词组成的复合名词变复数，一般将最后一个名词变为复数。如： a girl student→ two girl students, a story book→ ten story books 复合词中第一个词是man或woman时，两个名词都变为复数形式。如： a man worker→ three men workers, a woman doctor→ six women doctors ③ 只表示复数意义的名词：trousers, clothes, police, people, cattle （牛；家畜） ④ 集体名词family, team, class, couple, group等视为整体时，表示单数意义；指这些集体的成员时，则表示复数意义。如： My family is a large one.我家是个大家庭。 知识点03 量词的分类与用法 量词可以分为两大类：表示确切数量和表示不确切数量。 (1)确切数量： 确切数量量词用于准确地描述物品的数量，结构为：数词 + 量词 + of + 名词。量词本身是可数名词，有单复数变化。 ①数词+量词+of+可数名词复数 如：a box of apples 一箱苹果 there baskets of eggs 三篮子鸡蛋 ②数词+量词+of+不可数名词 如： a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡 two kilos of rice 两千克大米 1. 常见量词搭配表 量词 含义 搭配示例 a piece of 一块/一片/一张 a piece of bread（一片面包） a bottle of 一瓶 a bottle of juice（一瓶果汁） a glass of 一杯 a glass of water（一杯水） a cup of 一杯 a cup of tea（一杯茶） a packet of 一包 a packet of meat（一包肉） a box of 一盒/一箱 a box of apples（一箱苹果） a bag of 一袋 a bag of rice（一袋米） a kilo of a kilo of 一公斤 a kilo of strawberries（一公斤草莓） 2. 量词的复数形式 当数量大于1时，量词需要变为复数形式。 单数 复数 a piece of bread two pieces of bread a bottle of juice three bottles of juice a kilo of strawberries two kilos of strawberries a box of apples four boxes of apples a packet of meat several packets of meat (2)不确切数量： ①只修饰可数名词复数 单词/短语 意思 单词/短语 意思 many 很多 many carrots 很多胡萝卜 too many 太多 too many things 太多事情 few 很少；几乎没有 few trees 没有几棵树 a few 少量；一些 a few bags of salt 几袋盐 a number of 许多；大量 a number of students 许多学生 these 这些 these books 这些书 those 那些 those children 那些儿童 a couple of 一对；几个 a couple of birds 几只小鸟 2只修饰不可数名词 单词/短语 意思 单词/短语 意思 much 很多 much water 很多水 too much 太多 too much salt 太多盐 little 很少；几乎没有 little meat 几乎没有肉 a little 少量；一些 a little chicken 一点鸡肉 a bit of 一点 a bit of food 一点食物 ③既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词 单词/短语 意思 单词/短语 意思 some, any 一些 some coffee 一些咖啡 a lot of/lots of plenty of 许多；大量 许多；大量 a lot of /lots of carrots plenty of bees 许多胡萝卜 许多蜜蜂 most 大部分 most people 大部分人 3.扩展 (1)可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式； (2)多个并列可数名词单数或可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 (3)“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词须用单数形式。 如：five-year-old 5岁大的； a five-yuan money 一张5元的钱 a six-foot-deep hole一个6英尺深的洞 (4)some 在否定句或一般疑问句中应变成any，但在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的问句中，不用变。 如：（肯定句） Xiao Lin has some bread for breakfast.小林早餐吃的面包。 （否定句）Xiao Lin doesn't have any bread for breakfast.小林早餐没吃面包。 （表示请求、邀请） Would you like some coffee?你想喝咖啡吗? （希望得到肯定的回答）Do you have some stamps?你有邮票吗? 典例 1．My sister usually has ________ when she’s busy working. A．two piece of bread B．two pieces of bread C．two pieces of breads 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我姐姐在忙于工作的时候通常吃两片面包。 此处表达的是“吃两片面包”，面包是不可数名词，表达数量时需要借助量词piece，两片面包的表达应是two pieces of bread。 2．—Do we need ________ bread? —No, we don’t need ________. A．some; some B．any; any C．some; any D．any; some 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们需要一些面包吗？——不，不需要。 some一些；any一些（用于否定句和疑问句）。根据“Do we need...bread?”可知，一般疑问句中用any；再根据“No, we don’t need...”是否定回答，也用any。应填any；any。 3．My mother bought three ________ of milk and two ________ of eggs yesterday. A．bottle; kilo B．bottles; kilos C．bottle; kilos D．bottles; kilo 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈昨天买了三瓶牛奶和两公斤鸡蛋。 考查可数名词复数。bottle（瓶子）和kilo（公斤）都是可数名词，前面有数词three（三）和two（两）修饰时，应用复数形式bottles和kilos。故选B。 4．There are ________ apples on the table. You can have some. A．a little B．little C．a few D．few 【答案】C 【详解】句意：桌子上有一些苹果，你可以吃一些。 考查不定代词辨析。a little一点（修饰不可数名词）；little几乎没有（修饰不可数名词）；a few一些（修饰可数名词复数）；few几乎没有（修饰可数名词复数）。句中“apples”是可数名词复数，且根据“You can have some.”可知，桌子上有苹果，表示肯定含义，因此用“a few”。故选C。 5．—What can I do for you, Mr. Zhang? —I want ________ porridge, please. A．a piece of B．a kilo of C．a bag of D．a bowl of 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——张先生，我能为您做点什么？——请给我来一碗粥。 考查量词辨析。a piece of一片/张/块；a kilo of一公斤；a bag of一袋；a bowl of一碗。根据“porridge”可知，粥通常盛在碗里，应用量词bowl修饰。故选D。 易｜错｜警｜示 1. 量词与可数/不可数名词的正确搭配 错误：a bread ❌（bread 是不可数名词，不能直接用 a 修饰） 正确：a piece of bread ✅ / a slice of bread ✅ 2. some 与 any 的混用 错误：I don‘t have some juice. ❌（否定句中应用 any） 正确：I don’t have any juice. ✅ 3. 量词的复数形式 错误：two piece of bread ❌（piece 需要变为复数 pieces） 正确：two pieces of bread ✅ 即时检测 1．Look, there are ________ on the table. A．two bottles of orange juice B．two bottle of orange juices C．two bottles of oranges juice D．two bottle of oranges juices 【答案】A 【详解】句意：看，桌子上有两瓶橙汁。 bottle意为“瓶子”，是可数名词，前面有two修饰，应用复数形式bottles；orange juice是不可数名词，意为“橙汁”，orange作定语修饰juice，通常用单数，且juice不加s，故选A。 2．Tony was very thirsty. He drank two ________. A．bottles of water B．bottle of water C．bottles of waters D．bottle of waters 【答案】A 【详解】句意：托尼非常渴。他喝了两瓶水。 考查不可数名词的数量表达。bottles of water两瓶水；bottle of water一瓶水；bottles of waters错误表达，water不可数；bottle of waters错误表达，water不可数。句中“two”表示数量为二，因此“bottle”需用复数形式“bottles”，而“water”为不可数名词，不能加“s”。故选A。 3．—Hi! Can I help you?     —Yes. I’d like ________. A．two kiloes of pork B．two kilos of pork C．two kilos of porks D．two kiloes of porks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你好！需要帮忙吗？ ——是的，我想要两千克猪肉。 kilo“千克”的复数是kilos，排除A、D选项；pork“猪肉”是不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除C选项。 4．I want to buy ________ bread for breakfast. A．a B．an C．a piece of D．two pieces 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我想买一片面包当早餐。 bread不可数名词，不能直接用不定冠词a或an修饰；表示数量时需用量词结构“数词+量词+of”，D选项缺少介词of，结构错误。故选C。 5．My mother needs ________ for the party. A．two bottle of juice B．two bottles of juice C．two bottles of juices D．two bottle of juices 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妈妈需要两瓶果汁用于聚会。 juice是不可数名词，无复数形式，排除 C、D；bottle是可数名词，受数词two修饰需用复数bottles，排除A。结构为“数词+量词复数+of+不可数名词”。 6．—What else do we need for tomorrow’s dinner? —Some meat and ________. A．a kilo of apple B．a kilos of apple C．two kilos of apple D．two kilos of apples 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——明天的晚餐我们还需要什么？——一些肉和两公斤苹果。 apple苹果，是可数名词，表示“两公斤苹果”时，应用复数形式apples，且kilo与数词two连用也应用复数kilos。选项A和B中apple为单数，且B中“a kilos”语法错误；选项C中“two kilos of apple”的apple未用复数。 7．—How much are these ________? I want to buy them for my brother. — They’re 30 yuan. They’re on sale today. A．pair of cotton sock B．pairs of cotton socks C．pair of cotton socks D．pairs of cotton sock 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这些棉袜多少钱？我想给我弟弟买。——它们30元。今天特价。 考查名词单复数。pair of cotton sock一双棉袜，sock应为复数socks；pairs of cotton socks多双棉袜，正确；pair of cotton socks一双棉袜，但these后需用复数pairs；pairs of cotton sock多双棉袜，sock应为复数socks。根据问句中“these”和答句中“They’re”可知，此处指多双袜子，需用复数形式“pairs of cotton socks”。故选B。 8．—Would you like some ________? —Yes, please. Just a few. A．porridge B．cookies C．mutton D．coffee 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想要一些饼干吗？——好的，请来一点。只要几个。 考查名词用法。porridge粥；cookies饼干；mutton羊肉；coffee咖啡。答句中的“Just a few”意为“只要几个”，修饰可数名词复数，只有cookies“饼干”是可数名词复数形式，其他选项均为不可数名词。故选B。 9．— Hi, Mary. Would you like something to eat? — Yes, please. I’d like three ________. A．pieces of breads B．piece of breads C．pieces of bread D．piece of bread 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—— 嗨，玛丽。你想吃点什么吗？—— 好的，谢谢。我想要三片面包。 考查不可数名词的数量表达。pieces of breads（breads 错误）；piece of breads（piece 和 breads 错误）；pieces of bread；piece of bread（piece 错误）。结合语句“I'd like three …”可知，bread 是不可数名词，表达数量时需用 “数词 + piece (s) of bread” 结构，three 后接复数形式 pieces，pieces of bread 符合语境和语法要求，故选C。 10．—What can I do for you? —I want to buy ________. A．two kilos of potatos and two packets of salts B．two kilos of potatoes and two packet of salt C．two kilos of potatos and two packets of salt D．two kilos of potatoes and two packets of salt 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我能为您做些什么？——我想买两公斤土豆和两包盐。 考查名词单复数及不可数名词的用法。potato是可数名词，复数形式为potatoes，因此“两公斤土豆”应为two kilos of potatoes；salt是不可数名词，没有复数形式，且表示数量时需用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词”结构，因此“两包盐”应为two packets of salt。故选D。 11．—Can I have ________ bread and ________ orange juice for breakfast? —Sure. Here you are. A．some; an B．many; any C．some; a glass of D．a; some 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我早餐可以吃一些面包和一杯橙汁吗？——当然，给你。 考查不可数名词与量词搭配。some; an（一些；一个）；many; any（许多；任何）；some; a glass of（一些；一杯）；a; some（一个；一些）。根据“Can I have...bread and...orange juice for breakfast?”可知，bread（面包）为不可数名词，不能用a/many修饰，可用some；orange juice（橙汁）为不可数名词，不能用an修饰，可用a glass of orange juice，表示“一杯橙汁”，符合语境。故选C。 12．—How many ________ are there in your school? —About 200. They are all friendly to us. A．woman teachers B．women teachers C．woman teacher D．women teacher 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你们学校有多少女教师？——大约200名。她们都对我们很友好。考查名词的复数。woman teachers错误表达（woman修饰复数名词时需变为women）；women teachers女教师（复数形式）；woman teacher女教师（单数形式）；women teacher错误表达（teacher需用复数形式）。“How many”后接可数名词复数，且“woman”修饰复数名词时要变为“women”，此处需用复数形式的正确表达women teachers，故选B。 How many/How much 知识点1 how much 和how many区别 how much 和how many区别 1.所修饰词不同 (1)how much用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量，也可单独使用。 它的句式是：How much+不可数名词+一般疑问句? 如：How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少牛奶? (2)how many用来修饰可数名词的复数，表示数量 它的句式是：How many+可数名词的复数+一般疑问句? 如：How many apples do you have?你有多少苹果? 2.用法不同： (1)How much 表示多少，用来询问价格，重量等。 如：How much is this dress? 这件连衣裙多少钱? How much does the boy weigh? 这个男孩有多重? (2)How many 表示多少，用来询问可数名词的数量 如：How many sheep do you have?你有多少只羊? 知识点2 常见 How 类疑问词详细讲解 疑问词组 中文含义 询问对象 常用结构 典型例句 How 怎样；如何 方式、状态、程度 How + 助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 动词...? ①How do you go to school?（你怎样去上学？） ②How is your father?（你父亲身体怎么样？） How many 多少 可数名词的数量 How many + 可数名词复数 + 一般疑问句？ How many apples do you want?（你想要多少个苹果？） How much 多少 不可数名词的数量 / 价格 ①How much + 不可数名词 + 一般疑问句？ ②How much + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词？（问价格） ①How much water is in the bottle?（瓶子里有多少水？） ②How much is this T-shirt?（这件T恤多少钱？） How often 多久一次 频率 How often + 一般疑问句？ How often do you go to the library?（你多久去一次图书馆？） How long 多长 时间长度 / 物体长度 How long + 一般疑问句？ How long does it take to get there?（到那儿需要多长时间？） How long is the river?（这条河多长？） How far 多远 距离 How far + 一般疑问句？ How far is your home from school?（你家离学校多远？） How old 多大（年龄） 年龄 How old + 一般疑问句？ How old is your brother?（你弟弟多大了？） How soon 多久以后 将来动作发生的时间间隔 How soon + 一般将来时？ How soon will you come back?（你多久以后回来？） How tall 多高 人或物体的高度 How tall + 一般疑问句？ How tall is Yao Ming?（姚明多高？） How fast 多快（速度） 速度 How fast + 一般疑问句？ How fast can a cheetah run?（猎豹跑得有多快？） 重难点分析： 1.How – 询问方式、状态、程度 询问交通方式： How do you usually go to school? – By bike. 询问身体状况： How is your mother? – She is fine, thanks. 询问天气： How is the weather today? – It‘s sunny. 询问程度（对形容词/副词）： How old is he? (多大) / How tall is the building? (多高) 2.How many / How much – 询问数量与价格 问数量 How many apples? How much water? 问价格 (不用) How much is/are...? 回答：数字 + 可数名词 / 数字 数字 + 量词 + 不可数名词 / 金额 典型对话： A: How many bottles of juice do you need? B: Three. A: How much juice is in each bottle? B: 500 ml. A: How much are they altogether? B: 15 yuan. 3.How often – 询问频率 常见回答： 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 次数短语：once a week, twice a month, three times a year, every day 例句： – How often do you play basketball? – Twice a week. 4.How long – 询问时间长度或物体长度 询问时间长度（多长一段时间）： – How long does the meeting last? – About two hours. 询问物体长度： – How long is the desk? – One meter. 注意区分：How long 问“持续多久”，How soon 问“多快能开始/结束”。 5.How far – 询问距离 常用回答： – It’s 5 kilometers away. / It’s a ten-minute walk. / About 20 minutes by bus. 例句： – How far is the supermarket from your home? – It’s about 2 kilometers. 6.How old – 询问年龄 回答：He is twelve years old. 或 He is twelve. 7.How soon – 询问将来动作的起始或完成时间间隔 典型结构：一般将来时 回答：in + 一段时间（如 in two days, in an hour） 对比示例： – How soon will you finish your homework? – In ten minutes. – How long will you stay there? – For two weeks. 典例 1．— ________ is the red sweater?​            —It’s 80 yuan.​ A．How many B．How much C．What color D．What size​ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这件红色毛衣多少钱？ ——80元。考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，问数量，后接复数名词；How much多少，问价格或数量（后接不可数名词）；What color什么颜色；What size什么尺寸。根据“It’s 80 yuan.”可知，问的是价格。故选B。 2．—How many ________ can you see? —I can see one ________. A．goose; goose B．geese; geese C．goose; geese D．geese; goose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能看到多少只鹅？——我能看到一只鹅。考查名词的单复数形式。根据“How many”可知，后接可数名词复数，故第一空用geese；根据“one”可知，后接单数名词，故第二空用goose。故选D。 3．— How often do you go to school by subway? — ________ I always ride my bike, because there is no subway in our city. A．Never. B．Often. C．Seldom. D．Sometimes. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你多久坐一次地铁去上学？——从不。我总是骑自行车，因为我们城市没有地铁。考查频率副词辨析。Never从不；Often经常；Seldom很少；Sometimes有时。根据答句“I always ride my bike, because there is no subway in our city.”可知，由于城市没有地铁，所以从未坐地铁上学。故选A。 4．—How long have you lived in this city? —________ ten years ago. A．For B．Since C．In D．At 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在这个城市住了多久了？——自从十年前。考查介词辨析。For（表示一段时间）达，计；Since自从（表示时间起点）；In在……里面；At 在（表示具体时间点）。 根据问句“How long have you lived...”使用现在完成时以及答语“ten years ago”可知，回答需表示动作从过去某个时间点持续到现在，应用“since”后接时间点“ten years ago”。故选B。 5．—________ is it from your home to school? —About 10 minutes’ walk. A．How far B．How long C．How often D．How soon 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——从你家到学校有多远？——步行大约 10 分钟。 How far多远，对距离提问；How long多长时间，对时间段提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问；How soon多快，对将来时间提问。根据答语“About 10 minutes’ walk.”可知，此处回答的是路程距离，应用How far提问。 即时检测 1．— ________ meat do you want? — One and a half ________. A．How many; kilo B．How much; kilos C．How many; kilos D．How much; kilo 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想要多少肉？——一公斤半。 考查疑问词辨析和名词单复数用法。How many多少，提问可数名词复数；kilo千克；How much多少，提问不可数名词；kilos千克。根据“...meat do you want?”可知，第一空提问的是“有多少肉”，meat是不可数名词，所以要用how much提问；第二空前面表达数量的词是大于1的，所以后面的名词kilo应该加s，故答案为kilos。故选B。 2．—________ are we going to the new shopping mall? —I have no idea. Maybe a few miles. A．How long B．How much C．How far D．How many 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们要去的新购物中心有多远？——我不知道。也许有几英里。 How long多长时间，对一段时间提问；How much多少，对不可数名词数量或价格提问；How far多远，对距离提问；How many多少，对可数名词数量提问。根据答句“Maybe a few miles.”可知，此处是对距离进行提问，应填How far。 3．—________ do you go running? —Every afternoon after school. A．How long B．How often C．How old 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你多久跑一次步？——每天下午放学后。 How long多长，用于询问时长或长度；How often多久一次，用于询问频率；How old多大，用于询问年龄。根据答语“Every afternoon after school.”可知，此处是询问跑步的频率。应填How often。 4．—______ do you play tennis?      —Twice a week. A．How often B．How long C．How many times 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你多久打一次网球？——一周两次。 How often多久一次，提问频率；How long多久，提问时长；How many times多少次，提问次数。根据“Twice a week”可知，这是对动作发生频率的回答，How often最符合语境。 5．—________ is the rice? —It’s three yuan. A．How many B．How much C．What D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——米饭多少钱？——三元。 How many多少；How much多少，多少钱；What什么；How怎样。根据“It’s three yuan.”可知回答的是价格，对价格提问要用How much。 6．—________ is your grandmother? —She is 88 years old, and her birthday is on April 20th. A．How old B．How many C．How often D．How much 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你的祖母多大年纪了？——她88岁了，她的生日是4月20日。 How old多少岁，询问年龄；How many多少，询问可数名词数量；How often多久一次，询问频率；How much多少钱或多少，询问价格或不可数名词数量。根据回答“She is 88 years old”可知，询问的是年龄，应填How old。 7．—________ do you spend on your computer or tablet every day?      —Less than an hour. A．What time B．How many C．How often D．How long 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你每天花多长时间在电脑或平板上？ ——不到一小时。 What time几点，询问具体的时间点；How many多少，询问可数名词的数量；How often多久一次，询问频率；How long多久，询问时间的长短或长度。答语“Less than an hour”是时间段，应填How long。 8．—________ kilos of oranges do you want? —Five kilos. A．How much B．How many C．How old 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——您想要多少公斤的橙子？——五公斤。 How much多少，多少钱，用来修饰不可数名词或询问价格；How many多少，修饰可数名词复数；How old多大，询问年龄。根据“Five kilos.”可知，对可数名词的数量提问用How many。 9．—Millie, ________ sleep do you have every night? —About 8 hours. A．how many B．how often C．how much D．how long 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——米莉，你每晚睡多久？——大约8小时。 how many用于询问可数名词的数量，后接可数名词复数；how often用于询问动作发生的频率；how much用于询问不可数名词的量或时间/金钱的多少；how long用于询问时间段的长度。空后是不可数名词sleep，how much sleep表示“多少睡眠”。应填how much。 10．—________ do you go to the library a week? —Twice a week. A．How many times B．How far C．How long D．How often 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你一周去图书馆多少次？——一周两次。How many times多少次，对具体次数提问；How far多远，问距离；How long多久/多长，对时长/物体长度提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问。答句中Twice a week“一周二次”表示频率，应该用How many times询问。 11．—________ TV do you watch every day? —Less than two hours. A．How many B．How much C．How old D．How often 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你每天看多少电视？——不到两小时。 How many多少（后接可数名词复数）；How much多少（后接不可数名词，可用于询问时间长度）；How long多大；How often多久一次（询问频率）。答语“Less than two hours.”为时间段，此处询问看电视的时长，视作不可数概念，用How much提问。 12．—________ is that little boy in the photo? —He is five years old. A．How much B．How many C．How old 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——照片里的那个小男孩多大了？——他五岁了。How much多少钱，多少，常询问价格或不可数名词数量；How many多少，询问可数名词数量；How old多少岁，询问年龄。根据答句“He is five years old.”可知，空处应询问年龄。 数词 数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。 （一）基数词 1. 基数词的构成 (1)0—12单独记。如： zero, one, two, three等。 (2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen, seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。 (3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。 20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。 (4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。 48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven等。 (5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。 156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。 (6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。 3,610＝three thousand six hundred and ten； 94,295＝ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five； 2.基数词的用法 ①表示日期。年用基数词，日用序数词：March 1st， 2025 ②表示时刻。几点过几分，用past；差几分到几点，用to。 如：4：10 ten past four　4：45 a quarter to five ③表顺序和编号。“名词＋基数词”，首字母大写：Room 203 ④表示电话号码。用基数词，单个读。重复数字可读double。 ⑤表示年代。in the＋年份复数： in the 1940s 在20世纪40年代 ⑥表示年龄。“基数词＋years old”：20 years old 20岁 “at the age of＋基数词”： at the age of 20 在20岁 “in one’s ＋整十数复数”：in her fifties 在她50多岁时 ⑦表示倍数和次数。一次once，两倍/次twice，三倍/次及以上用“基数词＋times”：four times四倍/次 ⑧基数词＋概数词（hundred/thousand/million）＋名词复数，表示确切的数字。 如：nine hundred dollars 九百美元 【拓展】 1. “基数词＋连字符＋单数名词”相当于复合形容词。如：a five-minute ride＝five minutes’ ride 骑车5分钟的路程 2. “another＋基数词＋可数名词复数”＝基数词＋more＋可数名词复数， 如：another two bags＝ two more bags 另外两个包 3.基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱、度量等词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如： Twenty years is quite a long time. 20年真的是很长的一段时间。 （二）序数词 1. 序数词的构成 first 1st second 2nd third 3rd fourth 4th fifth 5th sixth 6th seventh 7th eighth 8th ninth 9th tenth 10th eleventh 11th twelfth 12th thirteenth 13th fourteenth 14th fifteenth 15th sixteenth 16th seventeenth 17th eighteenth 18th nineteenth 19th twentieth 20th twenty-first 21st twenty-second 22nd thirtieth 30th fortieth 40th fiftieth 50th sixtieth 60th seventieth 70th eightieth 80th ninetieth 90th hundredth 100th one hundred and first 101st (1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。 (2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加 ＂th＂构成。如：fourth。 (3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。 (4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。 (5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。 2.序数词的用法 ①加the表顺序。如： The second picture is very beautiful. 第二幅画很漂亮。 ②前有my， your， Jack’s等限定词时不加the。如：my first time to come here 我第一次来到这里 ③加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一，再一”。如： a second time 第二次 ④修饰谓语动词时，省略the。如：She came third in the race. 她在比赛中获得第三名。 ⑤物品编号。如：the second page＝Page 2 ⑥与基数词连用时，通常置于基数词前。如：the first five pages of the book 这本书的前五页 3.判定空处用序数词的方法 ①the＋序数词＋名词。如：It was the first game of the season. 那是本赛季的第一场比赛。 ②形容词性物主代词＋序数词＋名词。如：This is her third win in a row. 这是她连续获得的第三次胜利。 ③在文章中罗列步骤，与其他序数词并列。 （三）分数的表达 1.分数的构成 分数是由基数词和序数词相结合来表达的。分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用序数词复数形式。如： one third 三分之一　two thirds 三分之二 2.主谓一致 谓语动词的数与分数后的名词的数保持一致。“分数＋of＋限定词＋名词复数” 作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式；“分数＋of＋限定词＋不可数名词/名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。如： About two thirds of the students in this class go to school by bus. 这个班里约三分之二的学生坐公共汽车上学。 Three fifths of the water in this area was polluted. 这片区域里五分之三的水被污染了。 3.quarter，half 和 percent 的用法 四分之一通常用 a/one quarter 来表示；四分之三通常用three quarters 来表示；二分之一通常用a/one half 来表示；百分之几通常用“基数词＋percent”来表示，如：30％ 可以表达为“30 percent”。 典例 1．—Do you know how to read the number “327,456”?  —Yes. It’s ________. A．three hundred twenty-seven thousand four hundred and fifty-six B．three hundred and twenty-seven thousand four hundred and fifty-six C．three hundred and twenty-seven thousand and four hundred and fifty-six D．three hundred and twenty-seven thousands four hundred and fifty-six 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道怎么读数字327,456吗？——知道。它是三十二万七千四百五十六。 英文数字读数规则为：百位和十位之间通常加“and”，千位与百位之间不加“and”；“thousand”表示“千”时，前有具体的数字时，用单数形式，不加“s”。选项B“three hundred and twenty-seven thousand four hundred and fifty-six”中，“three hundred and twenty-seven”对应327，“thousand”对应千，“four hundred and fifty-six”对应456，且“and”加在327的十位前（即twenty-seven前），符合规则，故B正确。 2．________ tourists (游客) go to Longyan, our hometown every year. A．Five million of B．Five million C．Five millions 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每年有五百万游客去我们的家乡龙岩。million前有具体数字时，用单数形式，且直接修饰名词“tourists”，不加 of；表示概数时用millions of。本题中有具体数字Five，所以用Five million。 3．The river is about ________ long. A．two hundred metre B．two hundreds metres C．two hundred metres D．two hundreds metre 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这条河大约两百米长。 hundred前有具体数字two时，hundred不加s；数字大于1时，后面的可数名词metre要用复数形式metres。应填two hundred metres。 4．—How many floors does the building have? —It has ________ floors. I live on the ________ floor. A． twenty;twentieth B．twenty;twenty C．twentieth;twenty D．twentieth;twentieth 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这栋楼有多少层？——它有二十层。我住在第二十层。 twenty二十，基数词；twentieth第二十，序数词。根据“It has...floors.”和“on the...floor”可知，空1需填基数词，强调数量，空2需填序数词，强调顺序。 5．There are ________ students in our school. A．two thousand B．two thousands C．thousand of D．thousands 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校有两千名学生。 thousand表示确切数目时，前面有具体数字，不用复数形式，不与of连用；表示概数时，用复数形式并与of连用。此处前面有具体数字two，表示确数，直接用two thousand。 即时检测 1．There are ________ beautiful flowers in the community garden. A．thousand of B．two thousands C．thousands of D．two thousands of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：社区花园里有成千上万朵美丽的花。 thousands of成千上万的，选项A表达错误；two thousand两千，选项B表达错误，当thousand前有具体数字时，thousand不用复数形式；two thousands of表达错误。应填thousands of。 2．Boys and girls, please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________ picture. A．fifth; five B．Nine; nineth C．eight; eighth D．Five; fifth 【答案】D 【详解】句意：同学们，请翻到第 5 页，看第5张图片。 fifth第五；five五；nine九；fifth第五。英语中表达“第几页”的固定规范结构是“Page+基数词”，首字母大写。所以第一空填“Five”；第二空前有定冠词the，空后是名词picture，需要用序数词来表示“第几幅图”，结构为“the+序数词+名词”。第二空应填fifth。 3．Which of the following is the correct reading for 3,050,000? A．three million, fifty thousand B．three million, and fifty thousand C．three millions, fifty thousand D．three million, fifty thousands 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下面哪一个是数字3050000的正确读法。 英语中million和thousand前有具体数字时用单数，且百位为零时不加and，应填three million, fifty thousand。 4．The number 5,678 is read as ________. A．five thousand six hundred seventy-eight B．five thousand six hundred and eight-seven C．five thousands six hundred and seventy-eight D．five thousand six hundred and seventy-eight 【答案】D 【详解】句意：数字5,678读作五千六百七十八。 英语中百位与十位之间需加 and，hundred/thousand 前面有具体数字时用单数形式，几十几之间用连字符。选项C中thousands用了复数, 错误；选项B中eight-seven顺序错误；选项A缺少and；选项D符合规则。应填five thousand six hundred and seventy-eight。 5．If we continue to cut down trees, we will lose ________ of our forests in the future. A．fifty percent B．fifty percents C．fifties percent D．fifties percents 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果我们继续砍伐树木，将来我们会失去百分之五十的森林。 百分数由“基数词 + percent”构成，percent没有复数形式，前面的基数词也不用复数。选项B、D中percent用了复数，选项C中基数词用了复数，均错误。 6．The school library has ________ books about science. A．three hundreds and twenty B．three hundred and twenty C．three-hundred and twenty D．three hundreds twenty 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学校图书馆有三百二十本关于科学的书。hundred前有具体数字时用单数，数字与hundred之间无需连字符，百位和十位之间要加and，应填three hundred and twenty。 7．The water in the lake is very clear, you can see ________ fish in it. A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．two hundreds D．two hundreds of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：湖水很清澈，你能看到数百条鱼在里面。 考查数词用法。hundred of错误搭配；hundreds of数百，表约数；two hundreds错误搭配，hundred后有具体数字时不加s；two hundreds of错误搭配。hundred表示约数时需用复数形式且后接of，即“hundreds of”符合，表示数百条鱼。故选B。 8．________ people come to visit the Great Wall every year. A．Millions of B．Million of C．Two millions D．Two million of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：每年有数百万人来参观长城。 考查数词用法。Millions of数百万的；Million of错误搭配；Two millions错误形式；Two million of错误搭配。表示“数百万的”应使用“millions of”，其中million用复数形式，后接of，表示概数。若具体数字如two million，则million不加s，且后面直接接名词，不加of。故选A。 9．__________ of the students in our class are from China. A．50 percents B．50 percent C．50% of D．50% the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们班50%的学生来自中国。 考查百分数表达法。根据句子结构可知，此处需用“50 percent of the students”或“50% of the students”来表达“50%的学生”；分析选项：A (50 percents) 错误，percent表示“百分比”时，没有复数形式；C (50% of) 错误，介词“of”多余，空格后为介词“of”；D (50% the)错误，定冠词“the”多余；“50 percent of the students”是标准表达，符合“数字 + percent + of + 名词”的结构。故选B。 10．There are ________ months in a year. December is the ________ month. A．twelve; twelve B．twelve; twelfth C．twelfth; twelve D．twelfth; twelfth 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一年有十二个月。十二月是第十二个月。 考查数词。twelve十二，基数词；twelfth第十二，序数词。根据“months in a year”可知，空一处是指一年有十二个月，用基数词表示数量；根据“the ... month”可知，空二处表示第十二个月，用序数词表示顺序。故选B。 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—________ is this pair of socks? —It’s 15 yuan. A．How many B．How much C．How old D．How long 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这双袜子多少钱？——15元。 How many询问数量；How much询问价格或不可数名词的数量；How old询问年龄；How long询问长度或时间多久。根据答语“It’s 15 yuan.”可知，此处是在询问价格，应填How much。 2．Would you like ________ milk? A．any B．some C．many D．much 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你想要一些牛奶吗？ 考查不定代词的用法。any一些（常用于疑问句和否定句）；some一些（常用于肯定句，也可用于表示建议或请求的疑问句中）；many许多（修饰可数名词复数）；much许多（修饰不可数名词）。虽然“Would you like...?”是疑问句形式，但它表示礼貌的请求或邀请，此时习惯用some而不用any。故选B。 3．I often drink ________ every day. I think drinking milk is good for my health. A．two bottle of milk B．two bottles of milk C．two bottle of milks D．two bottles of milks 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我经常每天喝两瓶牛奶。我认为喝牛奶对我的健康有益。 考查不可数名词的表达。milk为不可数名词，表示数量时需借助量词“bottle”，且bottle需随数量“two”变为复数形式bottles，而milk为不可数名词，不加s。故选B。 4．There are three ________ and two ________ on the table. A．apple; banana B．apples; banana C．apples; bananas D．apple; bananas 【答案】C 【详解】句意：桌子上有三个苹果和两根香蕉。 考查名词复数。apple苹果；apples苹果，复数形式；banana香蕉；bananas香蕉，复数形式。根据“three”可知，第一空用复数形式apples；根据“two”可知，第二空用复数形式bananas。故选C。 5．—________ is the Changjiang River? —It’s about 6,300 kilometers long. A．How far B．How long C．How wide D．How old 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——长江有多长？——它大约 6300 公里长。 How long询问长度；How far询问距离；How wide询问宽度；How old询问年龄。根据答语“It’s about 6,300 kilometers long.”可知，是在询问长度，应用How long。 6．Our hometown, Harbin, attracts (吸引) ________ tourists from all over the world in winter. A．thousand of B．thousands of C．two thousands 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的家乡哈尔滨在冬天吸引了来自世界各地的成千上万的游客。考查数词用法。thousand of错误搭配；thousands of成千上万的；two thousands错误搭配。当表示概数“成千上万”时，应用“thousands of”，且thousand后不加s时需与具体数字连用。此处为泛指大量游客，无具体数字。故选B。 7．________ students enter a college here every year. About ________ of them are from foreign countries. A．Thousands of; six hundreds B．Thousand of; six hundred C．Thousands of; six hundred D．Thousand of; six hundreds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年有数千名学生进入这里的一所大学。其中大约有六百人来自外国。 考查数词的用法。“thousand”，当表示不确定的“数千”时，要用“thousands of”，所以第一空用“Thousands of”。当表示具体的“几百”时，“hundred”用单数形式，第二空应用“six hundred”。故选C。 8．Our school library bought ________ new books last month, and ________ students have borrowed them already. A．two hundred; hundreds of B．two hundreds; hundred of C．two hundred; hundred of D．two hundreds; hundreds of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们学校的图书馆上个月买了两百本新书，并且已经有数百名学生借阅了这些书。 考查数词用法。在英语中，“hundred”等词前有具体数字时，其后不加“s”，所以“两百本新书”应该表示为“two hundred new books”；当表达不确切的数字时，可以用“hundreds of”来表示“数百”，所以“数百名学生”应该表示为“hundreds of students”。结合选项可知，只有A选项符合题意。故选A。 9．How do you read the big number 6,325,047? A．Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand, forty-seven B．Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand and forty-seven C．Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million, forty-seven D．Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million and forty-seven 【答案】B 【详解】在英语中，数字的读法是从高位到低位，每三位为一个单位。从左到右，第一个逗号前是6，读作six million；第二个逗号前是325，读作three hundred and twenty-five thousand；最后三位数047，百位为0，在英式英语中，当末尾不足一百时，应在“thousand”后加and。 10．We read “7,146,000” as “________”. A．seven hundred and fourteen million, six thousand B．seven million and one hundred forty-six thousand C．seven million, one hundred forty-six thousand D．seven million, one hundred and forty-six thousand 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们把"7,146,000"读作“七百一十四万六千”。 英语数字从右向左每三位一节，百位和十位之间用 and 相连，十位和个位之间加连字符。7位于百万位，146位于千位，正确读法为seven million, one hundred and forty-six thousand。故选 D。 二、完成句子 11．我们有各种不同款式的优质鞋子，而且尺码齐全。 We have __________ __________ __________ very good shoes __________ all sizes. 【答案】 different kinds of in 【详解】原句中“各种不同款式”是关键词，表示“各种不同款式”的短语是different kinds of，“在尺码方面”对应的介词是in。故填different；kinds；of；in。 12．我想要买两袋面包。 I want to buy ______ ______ of bread. 【答案】 two bags 【详解】原句中“两袋”是关键词，表示“两袋”用two bags of。故填two；bags。 13．这个蓝色的帽子多少钱? ______ ______ is this blue cap? 【答案】 How much 【详解】原句中“多少钱”是关键词，表示询问价格的常用短语是“how much”。本句为特殊疑问句，结构为“How much+be动词+主语?”。故填How；much。 14．她拿了一把剪刀和两套彩色铅笔。 She took a pair of ________ and two sets of colored pencils. 【答案】scissors 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“剪刀”。“剪刀”的英文表达为scissors，常用复数形式，a pair of scissors表示“一把剪刀”。故填scissors。 15．这周我需要两瓶牛奶。 I need _________ _________ _________ milk this week. 【答案】 two bottles of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“两瓶”，用英文表达为two bottles of；“milk”（牛奶）是不可数名词，表达数量时需用“数词 + 量词 + of + 不可数名词”结构。故填two；bottles；of。 16．看看这双鞋。 Look at ________ ________ ________ shoes. 【答案】 this pair of 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“这双”，“鞋”通常以复数形式出现，“这双”的固定表达是“this pair of”。故填this；pair；of。 17．他卖给我一条裤子。 He sells me ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 a pair of trousers 【详解】“一条裤子”常见表达是“a pair of trousers” ，“trousers”本身是复数形式，常以复数出现表示“裤子”。故填a；pair；of；trousers。 18．看，他在用一把新刀切西瓜。 Look! He is cutting a ________ with a new ________. 【答案】 watermelon knife 【详解】根据中英文提示可知，此处第一空需填“西瓜”的英文表达watermelon；第二空需填“刀”的英文表达knife。结合空前的不定冠词a可知，两空均用可数名词的单数形式。故填watermelon；knife。 19．我们需要买多少土豆？ ________ ________ potatoes do we need to buy? 【答案】 How many 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，缺少“多少”，potatoes是可数名词复数，用how many“多少”提问。故填How；many。 20．我们需要买多少盐？ _________ _________ salt do we need ________ ________ ? 【答案】 How much to buy 【详解】salt是不可数名词，用how much“多少”修饰，buy“买”，need to do sth“需要做某事”，故填How；much；to；buy。 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、语法选择 Do you like dumplings? For me, dumplings are not just delicious food. My grandma is a kind woman. She is 65 years old. In her free time, she 1 making dumplings for us. On weekends, I often go over to my 2 house to have dumplings. Grandma welcomes me with a big smile 3 cooks dumplings for me. I eat twenty 4 every time! Sometimes I make dumplings with 5 , too. First, we get the ingredients ready. Then grandma shows me 6 to make dumplings. It is not 7 easy job to make dumplings. Grandma tells me 8 dumplings with love. When the dumplings are ready, we put them 9 the bowls. They 10 yummy, and I can feel the love in every dumpling. Making dumplings with Grandma is not only about cooking, but also about love. 1．A．likes B．like C．liked D．will like 2．A．friend’s B．friend C．grandma’s D．grandma 3．A．because B．and C．but D．so 4．A．egg B．eggs C．dumpling D．dumplings 5．A．she B．her C．he D．him 6．A．how B．why C．when D．who 7．A．a B．the C．an D．/ 8．A．drink B．to drink C．make D．to make 9．A．in B．for C．with D．under 10．A．be B．am C．are D．is 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了我和奶奶一起包饺子和吃饺子的过程，吃饺子让我感觉到每一个饺子里都有爱。 1．句意：在她空闲的时候，她喜欢给我们包饺子。 likes喜欢，三单形式；like喜欢，动词原形；liked喜欢，一般过去式；will like喜欢，一般将来时。根据“In her free time, she…making dumplings for us.”可知，本文时态为一般现在时，主语she是三单形式，谓语动词用三单形式。故选A。 2．句意：在周末，我经常去我奶奶家吃饺子。 friend’s朋友的；friend朋友；grandma’s祖母的；grandma祖母。根据“On weekends, I often go over to my…house to have dumplings.”及后文可知，此处是指祖母，空后为名词，应用名词所有格修饰。故选C。 3．句意：奶奶笑着欢迎我，给我做饺子。 because因为；and和；but但是；so因此。根据“Grandma welcomes me with a big smile…cooks dumplings for me.”可知，此处连接两个并列动作用连词and表示“并且”。故选B。 4．句意：我每次吃二十个饺子！ egg鸡蛋；eggs鸡蛋，复数形式；dumpling饺子；dumplings饺子，复数形式。根据“I eat twenty…every time!”可知，前文提到吃饺子，且“twenty”后需接名词复数形式。故选D。 5．句意：有时我也和她一起包饺子。 she她，主格；her她的，宾格或物主代词；he他，主格；him他，宾格。根据“Sometimes I make dumplings with…, too.”可知，空前为介词应用代词宾格形式，且奶奶是女性。故选B。 6．句意：然后奶奶教我怎么包饺子。 how如何；why为什么；when什么时候；who谁。根据“Then grandma shows me…to make dumplings.”可知，此处奶奶展示如何包饺子，表示方式。故选A。 7．句意：包饺子不是一件容易的事。 a一个，用于修饰以辅音音素开头的词，表泛指；the这个/那个；an一个，用于修饰以元音音素开头的词，表泛指；/零冠词。根据“It is not…easy job to make dumplings.”可知，此处表示泛指一件事，且easy以元音音素开头，应用冠词an修饰。故选C。 8．句意：奶奶告诉我要用爱心包饺子。 drink喝；to drink喝，动词不定式；make制造；to make制造，动词不定式。根据“Grandma tells me…dumplings with love.”可知，此处表示包饺子，应用动词make，固定短语tell sb to do sth“告诉某人做某事”，应用动词不定式。故选D。 9．句意：当饺子准备好了，我们把它们放在碗里。 in在里面；for为了；with和；under在下面。根据“When the dumplings are ready, we put them…the bowls.”可知，此处是指放进碗里，介词in符合语境。故选A。 10．句意：它们很好吃，我能感受到每一个饺子里的爱。 be是，动词原形；am主语为I；are主语为复数；is主语为三单形式。根据“They…yummy, and I can feel the love in every dumpling.”可知，主语为复数，be动词应用are。故选C。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Li Ling is a smart girl. She often goes 1 (shop) with her mother on weekends. She knows how to buy things 2 good prices. Before she goes shopping, she always 3 (make) a shopping list. She writes down what she needs, like how many bottles of milk and how 4 rice. In the supermarket, she looks for things on 35 (sell). She also checks the prices of the same things in different 6 (store). She never buys things she doesn’t need. She thinks it’s a good way of 7 (save) money. Li Ling also likes to share her shopping experience (经验) 8 her classmates. She tells 9 (they) how to save time and money. Her classmates all think she is a smart 10 (shop). 【答案】 1．shopping 2．at 3．makes 4．much 5．sale 6．stores 7．saving 8．with 9．them 10．shopper 【导语】本文主要讲述了聪明女孩Li Ling的购物习惯，包括她如何通过列清单、关注促销、比较价格等方式节省时间和金钱，并乐于与同学分享经验。 1．句意：她经常在周末和她的妈妈一起去购物。固定搭配go shopping“去购物”，此处应用动名词形式shopping。 2．句意：她知道如何以好价格购买东西。固定搭配at...prices“以……的价格”，此处应用介词at。 3．句意：她去购物之前，总是列一个购物清单。根据“always”可知，此处描述经常发生的动作，应用一般现在时。主语“she”为第三人称单数，make的第三人称单数是makes。 4．句意：她写下她需要的东西，比如多少瓶牛奶和多少大米。此处表示“多少”大米，修饰不可数名词rice，应用how much。 5．句意：在超市里，她寻找促销的商品。固定搭配on sale“促销、打折”，此处应用名词sale。 6．句意：她还在不同的商店比较同一商品的价格。根据“different”可知，其后需填可数名词的复数形式。store的复数是stores。 7．句意：她认为这是一种省钱的好方法。根据介词“of”可知，其后需接动名词形式作宾语。save的动名词是saving。 8．句意：Li Ling也喜欢与她的同学分享购物经验。固定搭配share...with...“与……分享……”，此处应用介词with。 9．句意：她告诉他们如何节省时间和金钱。根据句子结构，此处位于动词“tells”之后，需填人称代词的宾格形式作宾语。they的宾格是them。 10．句意：她的同学都认为她是一个聪明的购物者。根据不定冠词“a”和形容词“smart”可知，此处需填可数名词的单数形式。shop的名词是shopper，意为“购物者”。 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（24-25七年级下·吉林长春·期中）To write this article, I need ________. A．three piece of paper B．three pieces of paper C．three pieces of papers D．three piece of papers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：写这篇文章，我需要三张纸。 考查名词的复数形式。piece“张，块”，可数名词；paper“纸”，不可数名词；a piece of paper“一张纸”，三张纸表达为“three pieces of paper”。故选B。 2．（24-25七年级下·甘肃张掖·期中）—What do you want to buy? —I want to buy some ________. A．potato B．potatoes C．potatos D．photos 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想买什么？——我想买一些土豆。 考查可数名词。potato土豆；potatoes土豆，复数；photos照片，复数。此处被some修饰，名词应用复数形式。photos不符合语境，排除。故选B。 3．（24-25七年级下·吉林长春·期中）—Would you like to have some ________ for lunch? —Yes, please. A．mutton B．egg C．apple D．tomato 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你午餐想吃些羊肉吗？——是的。 考查名词的数。mutton羊肉，不可数名词；egg鸡蛋，单数；apple苹果，单数；tomato西红柿，单数。some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，mutton“羊肉”是不可数名词。故选A。 4．（24-25七年级下·云南保山·期中）—Tom, what would you like for dinner? —Thanks, mom. I’d like some ________. A．dumplings and strawberry B．bread and vegetable C．dumpling and vegetables D．beef and vegetables 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——汤姆，晚饭想吃什么？——谢谢妈妈。我想要一些牛肉和蔬菜。 考查名词的数。dumpling饺子，可数名词；strawberry草莓，可数名词；bread面包，不可数名词；vegetable蔬菜，可数名词；beef牛肉，不可数名词。some修饰可数名词的复数或不可数名词。故选D。 5．（24-25七年级下·福建龙岩·期中）I usually have ________ bread and some juice for breakfast. A．three B．three pieces C．three pieces of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我早餐通常吃三片面包，还会喝一些果汁。 考查不可数名词及其数的表达。three数词“三”；three pieces三片；three pieces of三片……，用来修饰不可数名词。bread是不可数名词，要表示“三片面包”，需用“three pieces of”修饰。故选C。 6．（24-25七年级下·福建莆田·期中）—What would you like to drink? —________ coffee, please. A．One cup B．One cup of C．Two cup of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想喝点什么？——一杯咖啡。 考查数量表达。One cup一个杯子；One cup of一杯……；Two cup of错误表达。coffee“咖啡”为不可数名词，但修饰它的量词“cup”可数，表示复数含义时，可以把量词变为复数。“one cup of coffee”意为“一杯咖啡”，是正确表达。故选B。 7．（24-25七年级下·山东淄博·期中）—Lily, what else do you need to make the shake? —________. A．Three cups of milks B．Three cups of milk C．Three cups milks D．Three cup of milk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，你还需要什么来做奶昔？——三杯牛奶。 考查名词的数。milk是不可数名词，无复数形式，排除A项和C项；不可数名词的复数可以借助量词表示，此处表示“三杯牛奶”，应用Three cups of milk。故选B。 8．（24-25七年级下·吉林松原·期中）—What can I do for you? —I’d like ________ and ________. A．three orange; two orange juice B．three oranges; two glasses of orange juice C．three oranges; two glass of orange juice 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我能为您做些什么？——我想要三个橘子和两杯橙汁。 考查名词的数。顾客要点的东西是“橙子”和“橙汁”，表示水果时是可数名词，第一空填three oranges；表示饮料时是不可数名词，two glasses of orange juice“两杯橙汁”为正确表达。故选B。 9．（24-25七年级下·海南省直辖县级单位·期中）I have two ______ and some ______ for lunch. A．tomato; chicken B．tomatoes; chickens C．tomatoes; chicken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我午餐吃两个西红柿和一些鸡肉。考查名词的数。tomato西红柿，名词单数；tomatoes西红柿，名词复数；chicken鸡肉，不可数名词；chickens鸡，名词复数。第一空前为two，第一空应用复数名词tomatoes；第二空前为some，修饰可数名词复数/不可数名词，第二空应用chicken“鸡肉”。故选C。 10．（24-25七年级下·西藏日喀则·期中）We would like ________, thank you. A．two cup of tea B．two cup of teas C．two cups of tea D．two cup of waters 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们想要两杯茶，谢谢你。  考查名词复数及量词。cup“杯子”是可数名词，有数词two修饰时，用复数形式cups。tea“茶”，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故选C。 11．（24-25七年级下·甘肃天水·期中）________ visitors come to visit the Palace Museum every day. A．Thousand of B．Thousands of C．Thousands D．Three thousands 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每天有成千上万的游客来参观故宫博物院。 考查数量表达。根据“…visitors come to visit the Palace Museum every day”可知，此处表示不确定的“成千上万的”游客，“thousands of”是固定短语，意为“成千上万的”。故选B。 12．（24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）Around 20 ________ runners took part in the Suqian Marathon last month. A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上个月大约20000名跑步者参加了宿迁马拉松。 考查数词“thousand”的用法。thousand千，前有具体数字时，不用复数；thousands of数以千计的（后接可数名词复数，前面不能有具体数字）。 “20”是具体数字，“thousand”前有具体数字时，用原形且不加“of”，“20 thousand”表示“20000”。故选A。 13．（24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）Lily lives in an old apartment with ________ floors and she will celebrate her ________ birthday. A．five; fiftieth B．fifth; the fiftieth C．five; the fiftieth D．fifth; fiftieth 【答案】A 【详解】句意：莉莉住在一栋五层楼的旧公寓里，她将庆祝她的五十岁生日。 考查基数词和序数词的用法。five五（基数词）；fifth第五（序数词）；fiftieth第五十（序数词）。根据“an old apartment with...floors”可知，此处指公寓的楼层数量，所以第一空应用基数词five表示数量；根据“her...birthday”可知，此处指“她的第五十个生日”，应用序数词fiftieth表示顺序，空前的her是形容词性物主代词，当序数词和形容词性物主代词连用时，序数词前不加定冠词the。故选A。 14．（24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期中）This morning we have ________ classes, and the ________ class is Chinese. A．first; three B．three; first C．third; first D．third; one 【答案】B 【详解】句意：今天上午我们有三节课，第一节是语文课。 考查数词。first第一；third第三；three三；one一。根据“we have ... classes”可知此处应用基数词表示数量，故用three；根据“the ... class is Chinese”可知此处应用序数词表示顺序，故用first。故选B。 15．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Four and seven is ________. A．ten B．eleven C．twelve D．thirteen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：四加七等于十一。考查数词和数字运算。ten十；eleven十一；twelve十二；thirteen十三。根据“Four and seven is”可知，四加七等于十一，故选B。 16．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）My old grandfather is in his ________, but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well. A．nineteen B．ninety C．ninetieth D．nineties 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的老爷爷九十多岁了，但他仍然能做些园艺并照顾好自己。 考查年龄表达法。nineteen十九；ninety九十；ninetieth第九十；nineties九十几。表示“某人几十多岁”用“in one’s + 整十基数词的复数形式”。故选D。 17．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）There are 30 students in the art club. One third are boys. So, the club has ________ girls. A．10 B．20 C．30 D．40 【答案】B 【详解】句意：艺术俱乐部有30名学生。三分之一是男孩。所以，这个俱乐部有20个女孩。 考查数词。根据“There are 30 students in the art club. One third are boys.”可知，艺术俱乐部有30名学生，三分之一是男孩，剩余20人是女孩，故选B。 18．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—When are you going on holiday? —I’m not sure, perhaps the ________ week in July. A．two B．second C．twice 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你什么时候去度假？——我不确定，可能是七月的第二周。 考查数词。two二；second第二；twice两次。根据“perhaps the...week in July.”可知，此处表示七月的第二周，表示顺序，需用序数词second。故选B。 19．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—How long is the bridge? —About ________ long. A．two thousand metre B．two thousand metres C．two thousands metre D．two thousands metres 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这座桥有多长？——大约2000米长。 考查数词的表达。thousand前有基数词修饰，不加s，后面的名词用复数形式，故选B。 20．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 【答案】C 【详解】句意：两百美元足够买自行车了，但是我买不起。 考查数词用法和不定式用法。hundred前面有具体数字时，用单数；动词短语afford to do sth表示“负担得起做某事”。故选C。 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 量词、数词及How many/How much（期中复习讲义） 内 容 导 航 考情透视·目标导航 透析期中考向，锚定备考重心 知识梳理·方法技巧 梳理核心脉络，扫除知识盲区 知识点01 量词 知识点02 How many/How much及how类特殊疑问词梳理 知识点03 数词 考场练兵·分层实战 阶梯实战演练，验收复习成效 考情透视·目标导航 常考题型 内容要点 命题趋势 单项选择 语法选择 语法填空 补全对话 ..... 1. 可数名词与不可数名词； 2. 表示不确切数量的量词 3. 数词 4.How many/How much等 近年的中考命题，正从单纯考查知识向考查核心素养转变。这意味着，考题都更倾向于让学生在真实、有意义的语境中使用数词和量词。题型也不再局限于单项选择，而是更灵活地渗透在语篇填空、听力理解和书面表达中。 知识梳理·方法技巧 量词 量词：表示人、事物或动作的数量单位的词。在英语中，量词可以帮助可数名词和不可数名词表示数量，使数量表达更加准确。 在使用量词之前，学生必须先学会区分可数名词和不可数名词。这是整个量词语法的基础。 知识点01 可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词和不可数名词 可数名词 不可数名词 分单、复数两种形式 desk →desks bus → buses 没有复数形式 tea meat 前面可用基数词、不定冠 词修饰 three boys an orange 不可以被基数词和不定冠词直接修饰，若表示数量可用“单位词+不可数名词” a piece of paper two cups of tea 可数名词的复数前可用many,some, any修饰 many teachers some friends 可用much, some, any修饰 some milk much bread 知识点02 可数名词和不可数名词数的变化 1.可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 规则变化 示 例 1 大多数名词在词尾加-s letter→ letters, cat→ cats, boy→ boys, desk→ desks ② 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es class→ classes, box→ boxes, watch→ watches, brush→ brushes ③ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，变y为i，再加-es hobby→ hobbies, city→ cities, country→ countries ④ 以o结尾的名词，大多数加-s，少数加-es 加-s: radio→ radios, zoo→ zoos, photo→ photos, piano→ pianos 加-es: hero→ heroes, tomato→ tomatoes, potato→ potatoes ⑤ 部分以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v，再加-es knife→ knives, half→ halves 用顺口溜记住常见的把f或fe改为v加-es的单词： 树叶 半 数自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮， 架后窜出一只狼，就像盗贼逃命忙。 leaf树叶 half一半 self 自己 wife妻子 knife 小刀 Shelf 架子 wolf 狼 thief 贼 life 生命 注意：可数名词可与不定冠词a/an连用，有复数形式。普通名词中个体名词和集体名词一般是可数名词。 2. 可数名词复数的不规则变化 不规则变化 示 例 ① 变化元音字母构成复数 foot→ feet, goose→ geese, tooth→ teeth, man→ men, woman→ women ② 单复数形式相同 sheep, deer, fish （注意：fish指鱼的数量时单复数同形；指鱼的种类时复数是fishes） ③ 特殊变化 child→ children, mouse→ mice, ox→ oxen 3. 其他情况： ① “某国人”变复数口诀：中日不变英法变，其余-s加后面。如： 中日不变：Chinese, Japanese 英法变：Englishman→ Englishmen, Frenchman→ Frenchmen 其余-s加后面：Germans, Americans, Australians, Indians ② 由两个名词组成的复合名词变复数，一般将最后一个名词变为复数。如： a girl student→ two girl students, a story book→ ten story books 复合词中第一个词是man或woman时，两个名词都变为复数形式。如： a man worker→ three men workers, a woman doctor→ six women doctors ③ 只表示复数意义的名词：trousers, clothes, police, people, cattle （牛；家畜） ④ 集体名词family, team, class, couple, group等视为整体时，表示单数意义；指这些集体的成员时，则表示复数意义。如： My family is a large one.我家是个大家庭。 知识点03 量词的分类与用法 量词可以分为两大类：表示确切数量和表示不确切数量。 (1)确切数量： 确切数量量词用于准确地描述物品的数量，结构为：数词 + 量词 + of + 名词。量词本身是可数名词，有单复数变化。 ①数词+量词+of+可数名词复数 如：a box of apples 一箱苹果 there baskets of eggs 三篮子鸡蛋 ②数词+量词+of+不可数名词 如： a cup of coffee 一杯咖啡 two kilos of rice 两千克大米 1. 常见量词搭配表 量词 含义 搭配示例 a piece of 一块/一片/一张 a piece of bread（一片面包） a bottle of 一瓶 a bottle of juice（一瓶果汁） a glass of 一杯 a glass of water（一杯水） a cup of 一杯 a cup of tea（一杯茶） a packet of 一包 a packet of meat（一包肉） a box of 一盒/一箱 a box of apples（一箱苹果） a bag of 一袋 a bag of rice（一袋米） a kilo of a kilo of 一公斤 a kilo of strawberries（一公斤草莓） 2. 量词的复数形式 当数量大于1时，量词需要变为复数形式。 单数 复数 a piece of bread two pieces of bread a bottle of juice three bottles of juice a kilo of strawberries two kilos of strawberries a box of apples four boxes of apples a packet of meat several packets of meat (2)不确切数量： ①只修饰可数名词复数 单词/短语 意思 单词/短语 意思 many 很多 many carrots 很多胡萝卜 too many 太多 too many things 太多事情 few 很少；几乎没有 few trees 没有几棵树 a few 少量；一些 a few bags of salt 几袋盐 a number of 许多；大量 a number of students 许多学生 these 这些 these books 这些书 those 那些 those children 那些儿童 a couple of 一对；几个 a couple of birds 几只小鸟 2只修饰不可数名词 单词/短语 意思 单词/短语 意思 much 很多 much water 很多水 too much 太多 too much salt 太多盐 little 很少；几乎没有 little meat 几乎没有肉 a little 少量；一些 a little chicken 一点鸡肉 a bit of 一点 a bit of food 一点食物 ③既可以修饰可数名词复数也可以修饰不可数名词 单词/短语 意思 单词/短语 意思 some, any 一些 some coffee 一些咖啡 a lot of/lots of plenty of 许多；大量 许多；大量 a lot of /lots of carrots plenty of bees 许多胡萝卜 许多蜜蜂 most 大部分 most people 大部分人 3.扩展 (1)可数名词单数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式； (2)多个并列可数名词单数或可数名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 (3)“数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，中间的名词须用单数形式。 如：five-year-old 5岁大的； a five-yuan money 一张5元的钱 a six-foot-deep hole一个6英尺深的洞 (4)some 在否定句或一般疑问句中应变成any，但在表示请求、建议或希望得到肯定回答的问句中，不用变。 如：（肯定句） Xiao Lin has some bread for breakfast.小林早餐吃的面包。 （否定句）Xiao Lin doesn't have any bread for breakfast.小林早餐没吃面包。 （表示请求、邀请） Would you like some coffee?你想喝咖啡吗? （希望得到肯定的回答）Do you have some stamps?你有邮票吗? 典例 1．My sister usually has ________ when she’s busy working. A．two piece of bread B．two pieces of bread C．two pieces of breads 2．—Do we need ________ bread? —No, we don’t need ________. A．some; some B．any; any C．some; any D．any; some 3．My mother bought three ________ of milk and two ________ of eggs yesterday. A．bottle; kilo B．bottles; kilos C．bottle; kilos D．bottles; kilo 4．There are ________ apples on the table. You can have some. A．a little B．little C．a few D．few 5．—What can I do for you, Mr. Zhang? —I want ________ porridge, please. A．a piece of B．a kilo of C．a bag of D．a bowl of 易｜错｜警｜示 1. 量词与可数/不可数名词的正确搭配 错误：a bread ❌（bread 是不可数名词，不能直接用 a 修饰） 正确：a piece of bread ✅ / a slice of bread ✅ 2. some 与 any 的混用 错误：I don‘t have some juice. ❌（否定句中应用 any） 正确：I don’t have any juice. ✅ 3. 量词的复数形式 错误：two piece of bread ❌（piece 需要变为复数 pieces） 正确：two pieces of bread ✅ 即时检测 1．Look, there are ________ on the table. A．two bottles of orange juice B．two bottle of orange juices C．two bottles of oranges juice D．two bottle of oranges juices 2．Tony was very thirsty. He drank two ________. A．bottles of water B．bottle of water C．bottles of waters D．bottle of waters 3．—Hi! Can I help you?     —Yes. I’d like ________. A．two kiloes of pork B．two kilos of pork C．two kilos of porks D．two kiloes of porks 4．I want to buy ________ bread for breakfast. A．a B．an C．a piece of D．two pieces 5．My mother needs ________ for the party. A．two bottle of juice B．two bottles of juice C．two bottles of juices D．two bottle of juices 6．—What else do we need for tomorrow’s dinner? —Some meat and ________. A．a kilo of apple B．a kilos of apple C．two kilos of apple D．two kilos of apples 7．—How much are these ________? I want to buy them for my brother. — They’re 30 yuan. They’re on sale today. A．pair of cotton sock B．pairs of cotton socks C．pair of cotton socks D．pairs of cotton sock 8．—Would you like some ________? —Yes, please. Just a few. A．porridge B．cookies C．mutton D．coffee 9．— Hi, Mary. Would you like something to eat? — Yes, please. I’d like three ________. A．pieces of breads B．piece of breads C．pieces of bread D．piece of bread 10．—What can I do for you? —I want to buy ________. A．two kilos of potatos and two packets of salts B．two kilos of potatoes and two packet of salt C．two kilos of potatos and two packets of salt D．two kilos of potatoes and two packets of salt 11．—Can I have ________ bread and ________ orange juice for breakfast? —Sure. Here you are. A．some; an B．many; any C．some; a glass of D．a; some 12．—How many ________ are there in your school? —About 200. They are all friendly to us. A．woman teachers B．women teachers C．woman teacher D．women teacher How many/How much 知识点1 how much 和how many区别 how much 和how many区别 1.所修饰词不同 (1)how much用来修饰不可数名词，表示数量，也可单独使用。 它的句式是：How much+不可数名词+一般疑问句? 如：How much milk is there in the glass? 玻璃杯里有多少牛奶? (2)how many用来修饰可数名词的复数，表示数量 它的句式是：How many+可数名词的复数+一般疑问句? 如：How many apples do you have?你有多少苹果? 2.用法不同： (1)How much 表示多少，用来询问价格，重量等。 如：How much is this dress? 这件连衣裙多少钱? How much does the boy weigh? 这个男孩有多重? (2)How many 表示多少，用来询问可数名词的数量 如：How many sheep do you have?你有多少只羊? 知识点2 常见 How 类疑问词详细讲解 疑问词组 中文含义 询问对象 常用结构 典型例句 How 怎样；如何 方式、状态、程度 How + 助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 动词...? ①How do you go to school?（你怎样去上学？） ②How is your father?（你父亲身体怎么样？） How many 多少 可数名词的数量 How many + 可数名词复数 + 一般疑问句？ How many apples do you want?（你想要多少个苹果？） How much 多少 不可数名词的数量 / 价格 ①How much + 不可数名词 + 一般疑问句？ ②How much + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词？（问价格） ①How much water is in the bottle?（瓶子里有多少水？） ②How much is this T-shirt?（这件T恤多少钱？） How often 多久一次 频率 How often + 一般疑问句？ How often do you go to the library?（你多久去一次图书馆？） How long 多长 时间长度 / 物体长度 How long + 一般疑问句？ How long does it take to get there?（到那儿需要多长时间？） How long is the river?（这条河多长？） How far 多远 距离 How far + 一般疑问句？ How far is your home from school?（你家离学校多远？） How old 多大（年龄） 年龄 How old + 一般疑问句？ How old is your brother?（你弟弟多大了？） How soon 多久以后 将来动作发生的时间间隔 How soon + 一般将来时？ How soon will you come back?（你多久以后回来？） How tall 多高 人或物体的高度 How tall + 一般疑问句？ How tall is Yao Ming?（姚明多高？） How fast 多快（速度） 速度 How fast + 一般疑问句？ How fast can a cheetah run?（猎豹跑得有多快？） 重难点分析： 1.How – 询问方式、状态、程度 询问交通方式： How do you usually go to school? – By bike. 询问身体状况： How is your mother? – She is fine, thanks. 询问天气： How is the weather today? – It‘s sunny. 询问程度（对形容词/副词）： How old is he? (多大) / How tall is the building? (多高) 2.How many / How much – 询问数量与价格 问数量 How many apples? How much water? 问价格 (不用) How much is/are...? 回答：数字 + 可数名词 / 数字 数字 + 量词 + 不可数名词 / 金额 典型对话： A: How many bottles of juice do you need? B: Three. A: How much juice is in each bottle? B: 500 ml. A: How much are they altogether? B: 15 yuan. 3.How often – 询问频率 常见回答： 频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never 次数短语：once a week, twice a month, three times a year, every day 例句： – How often do you play basketball? – Twice a week. 4.How long – 询问时间长度或物体长度 询问时间长度（多长一段时间）： – How long does the meeting last? – About two hours. 询问物体长度： – How long is the desk? – One meter. 注意区分：How long 问“持续多久”，How soon 问“多快能开始/结束”。 5.How far – 询问距离 常用回答： – It’s 5 kilometers away. / It’s a ten-minute walk. / About 20 minutes by bus. 例句： – How far is the supermarket from your home? – It’s about 2 kilometers. 6.How old – 询问年龄 回答：He is twelve years old. 或 He is twelve. 7.How soon – 询问将来动作的起始或完成时间间隔 典型结构：一般将来时 回答：in + 一段时间（如 in two days, in an hour） 对比示例： – How soon will you finish your homework? – In ten minutes. – How long will you stay there? – For two weeks. 典例 1．— ________ is the red sweater?​            —It’s 80 yuan.​ A．How many B．How much C．What color D．What size​ 2．—How many ________ can you see? —I can see one ________. A．goose; goose B．geese; geese C．goose; geese D．geese; goose 3．— How often do you go to school by subway? — ________ I always ride my bike, because there is no subway in our city. A．Never. B．Often. C．Seldom. D．Sometimes. 4．—How long have you lived in this city? —________ ten years ago. A．For B．Since C．In D．At 5．—________ is it from your home to school? —About 10 minutes’ walk. A．How far B．How long C．How often D．How soon 即时检测 1．— ________ meat do you want? — One and a half ________. A．How many; kilo B．How much; kilos C．How many; kilos D．How much; kilo 2．—________ are we going to the new shopping mall? —I have no idea. Maybe a few miles. A．How long B．How much C．How far D．How many 3．—________ do you go running? —Every afternoon after school. A．How long B．How often C．How old 4．—______ do you play tennis?      —Twice a week. A．How often B．How long C．How many times 5．—________ is the rice? —It’s three yuan. A．How many B．How much C．What D．How 6．—________ is your grandmother? —She is 88 years old, and her birthday is on April 20th. A．How old B．How many C．How often D．How much 7．—________ do you spend on your computer or tablet every day?      —Less than an hour. A．What time B．How many C．How often D．How long 8．—________ kilos of oranges do you want? —Five kilos. A．How much B．How many C．How old 9．—Millie, ________ sleep do you have every night? —About 8 hours. A．how many B．how often C．how much D．how long 10．—________ do you go to the library a week? —Twice a week. A．How many times B．How far C．How long D．How often 11．—________ TV do you watch every day? —Less than two hours. A．How many B．How much C．How old D．How often 12．—________ is that little boy in the photo? —He is five years old. A．How much B．How many C．How old 数词 数词的分类：数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目的多少。序数词表示事物的先后顺序，往往与定冠词the连用。 （一）基数词 1. 基数词的构成 (1)0—12单独记。如： zero, one, two, three等。 (2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen, seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。 (3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。 20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。 (4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。 48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven等。 (5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。 156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。 (6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。 3,610＝three thousand six hundred and ten； 94,295＝ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five； 2.基数词的用法 ①表示日期。年用基数词，日用序数词：March 1st， 2025 ②表示时刻。几点过几分，用past；差几分到几点，用to。 如：4：10 ten past four　4：45 a quarter to five ③表顺序和编号。“名词＋基数词”，首字母大写：Room 203 ④表示电话号码。用基数词，单个读。重复数字可读double。 ⑤表示年代。in the＋年份复数： in the 1940s 在20世纪40年代 ⑥表示年龄。“基数词＋years old”：20 years old 20岁 “at the age of＋基数词”： at the age of 20 在20岁 “in one’s ＋整十数复数”：in her fifties 在她50多岁时 ⑦表示倍数和次数。一次once，两倍/次twice，三倍/次及以上用“基数词＋times”：four times四倍/次 ⑧基数词＋概数词（hundred/thousand/million）＋名词复数，表示确切的数字。 如：nine hundred dollars 九百美元 【拓展】 1. “基数词＋连字符＋单数名词”相当于复合形容词。如：a five-minute ride＝five minutes’ ride 骑车5分钟的路程 2. “another＋基数词＋可数名词复数”＝基数词＋more＋可数名词复数， 如：another two bags＝ two more bags 另外两个包 3.基数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱、度量等词连用作主语时，常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数。如： Twenty years is quite a long time. 20年真的是很长的一段时间。 （二）序数词 1. 序数词的构成 first 1st second 2nd third 3rd fourth 4th fifth 5th sixth 6th seventh 7th eighth 8th ninth 9th tenth 10th eleventh 11th twelfth 12th thirteenth 13th fourteenth 14th fifteenth 15th sixteenth 16th seventeenth 17th eighteenth 18th nineteenth 19th twentieth 20th twenty-first 21st twenty-second 22nd thirtieth 30th fortieth 40th fiftieth 50th sixtieth 60th seventieth 70th eightieth 80th ninetieth 90th hundredth 100th one hundred and first 101st (1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。 (2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加 ＂th＂构成。如：fourth。 (3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。 (4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。 (5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。 2.序数词的用法 ①加the表顺序。如： The second picture is very beautiful. 第二幅画很漂亮。 ②前有my， your， Jack’s等限定词时不加the。如：my first time to come here 我第一次来到这里 ③加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一，再一”。如： a second time 第二次 ④修饰谓语动词时，省略the。如：She came third in the race. 她在比赛中获得第三名。 ⑤物品编号。如：the second page＝Page 2 ⑥与基数词连用时，通常置于基数词前。如：the first five pages of the book 这本书的前五页 3.判定空处用序数词的方法 ①the＋序数词＋名词。如：It was the first game of the season. 那是本赛季的第一场比赛。 ②形容词性物主代词＋序数词＋名词。如：This is her third win in a row. 这是她连续获得的第三次胜利。 ③在文章中罗列步骤，与其他序数词并列。 （三）分数的表达 1.分数的构成 分数是由基数词和序数词相结合来表达的。分子用基数词，分母用序数词；如果分子大于1，分母要用序数词复数形式。如： one third 三分之一　two thirds 三分之二 2.主谓一致 谓语动词的数与分数后的名词的数保持一致。“分数＋of＋限定词＋名词复数” 作主语时，谓语动词应用复数形式；“分数＋of＋限定词＋不可数名词/名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。如： About two thirds of the students in this class go to school by bus. 这个班里约三分之二的学生坐公共汽车上学。 Three fifths of the water in this area was polluted. 这片区域里五分之三的水被污染了。 3.quarter，half 和 percent 的用法 四分之一通常用 a/one quarter 来表示；四分之三通常用three quarters 来表示；二分之一通常用a/one half 来表示；百分之几通常用“基数词＋percent”来表示，如：30％ 可以表达为“30 percent”。 典例 1．—Do you know how to read the number “327,456”?  —Yes. It’s ________. A．three hundred twenty-seven thousand four hundred and fifty-six B．three hundred and twenty-seven thousand four hundred and fifty-six C．three hundred and twenty-seven thousand and four hundred and fifty-six D．three hundred and twenty-seven thousands four hundred and fifty-six 2．________ tourists (游客) go to Longyan, our hometown every year. A．Five million of B．Five million C．Five millions 3．The river is about ________ long. A．two hundred metre B．two hundreds metres C．two hundred metres D．two hundreds metre 4．—How many floors does the building have? —It has ________ floors. I live on the ________ floor. A． twenty;twentieth B．twenty;twenty C．twentieth;twenty D．twentieth;twentieth 5．There are ________ students in our school. A．two thousand B．two thousands C．thousand of D．thousands 即时检测 1．There are ________ beautiful flowers in the community garden. A．thousand of B．two thousands C．thousands of D．two thousands of 2．Boys and girls, please turn to Page ________ and look at the ________ picture. A．fifth; five B．Nine; nineth C．eight; eighth D．Five; fifth 3．Which of the following is the correct reading for 3,050,000? A．three million, fifty thousand B．three million, and fifty thousand C．three millions, fifty thousand D．three million, fifty thousands 4．The number 5,678 is read as ________. A．five thousand six hundred seventy-eight B．five thousand six hundred and eight-seven C．five thousands six hundred and seventy-eight D．five thousand six hundred and seventy-eight 5．If we continue to cut down trees, we will lose ________ of our forests in the future. A．fifty percent B．fifty percents C．fifties percent D．fifties percents 6．The school library has ________ books about science. A．three hundreds and twenty B．three hundred and twenty C．three-hundred and twenty D．three hundreds twenty 7．The water in the lake is very clear, you can see ________ fish in it. A．hundred of B．hundreds of C．two hundreds D．two hundreds of 8．________ people come to visit the Great Wall every year. A．Millions of B．Million of C．Two millions D．Two million of 9．__________ of the students in our class are from China. A．50 percents B．50 percent C．50% of D．50% the 10．There are ________ months in a year. December is the ________ month. A．twelve; twelve B．twelve; twelfth C．twelfth; twelve D．twelfth; twelfth 考场练兵·分层实战 基础通关练（测试时间：10分钟） 一、单项选择 1．—________ is this pair of socks? —It’s 15 yuan. A．How many B．How much C．How old D．How long 2．Would you like ________ milk? A．any B．some C．many D．much 3．I often drink ________ every day. I think drinking milk is good for my health. A．two bottle of milk B．two bottles of milk C．two bottle of milks D．two bottles of milks 4．There are three ________ and two ________ on the table. A．apple; banana B．apples; banana C．apples; bananas D．apple; bananas 5．—________ is the Changjiang River? —It’s about 6,300 kilometers long. A．How far B．How long C．How wide D．How old 6．Our hometown, Harbin, attracts (吸引) ________ tourists from all over the world in winter. A．thousand of B．thousands of C．two thousands 7．________ students enter a college here every year. About ________ of them are from foreign countries. A．Thousands of; six hundreds B．Thousand of; six hundred C．Thousands of; six hundred D．Thousand of; six hundreds 8．Our school library bought ________ new books last month, and ________ students have borrowed them already. A．two hundred; hundreds of B．two hundreds; hundred of C．two hundred; hundred of D．two hundreds; hundreds of 9．How do you read the big number 6,325,047? A．Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand, forty-seven B．Six million, three hundred and twenty-five thousand and forty-seven C．Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million, forty-seven D．Six thousand, three hundred and twenty-five million and forty-seven 10．We read “7,146,000” as “________”. A．seven hundred and fourteen million, six thousand B．seven million and one hundred forty-six thousand C．seven million, one hundred forty-six thousand D．seven million, one hundred and forty-six thousand 二、完成句子 11．我们有各种不同款式的优质鞋子，而且尺码齐全。 We have __________ __________ __________ very good shoes __________ all sizes. 12．我想要买两袋面包。 I want to buy ______ ______ of bread. 13．这个蓝色的帽子多少钱? ______ ______ is this blue cap? 14．她拿了一把剪刀和两套彩色铅笔。 She took a pair of ________ and two sets of colored pencils. 15．这周我需要两瓶牛奶。 I need _________ _________ _________ milk this week. 16．看看这双鞋。 Look at ________ ________ ________ shoes. 17．他卖给我一条裤子。 He sells me ________ ________ ________ ________. 18．看，他在用一把新刀切西瓜。 Look! He is cutting a ________ with a new ________. 19．我们需要买多少土豆？ ________ ________ potatoes do we need to buy? 20．我们需要买多少盐？ _________ _________ salt do we need ________ ________ ? 重难突破练（测试时间：20分钟） 一、语法选择 Do you like dumplings? For me, dumplings are not just delicious food. My grandma is a kind woman. She is 65 years old. In her free time, she 1 making dumplings for us. On weekends, I often go over to my 2 house to have dumplings. Grandma welcomes me with a big smile 3 cooks dumplings for me. I eat twenty 4 every time! Sometimes I make dumplings with 5 , too. First, we get the ingredients ready. Then grandma shows me 6 to make dumplings. It is not 7 easy job to make dumplings. Grandma tells me 8 dumplings with love. When the dumplings are ready, we put them 9 the bowls. They 10 yummy, and I can feel the love in every dumpling. Making dumplings with Grandma is not only about cooking, but also about love. 1．A．likes B．like C．liked D．will like 2．A．friend’s B．friend C．grandma’s D．grandma 3．A．because B．and C．but D．so 4．A．egg B．eggs C．dumpling D．dumplings 5．A．she B．her C．he D．him 6．A．how B．why C．when D．who 7．A．a B．the C．an D．/ 8．A．drink B．to drink C．make D．to make 9．A．in B．for C．with D．under 10．A．be B．am C．are D．is 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Li Ling is a smart girl. She often goes 1 (shop) with her mother on weekends. She knows how to buy things 2 good prices. Before she goes shopping, she always 3 (make) a shopping list. She writes down what she needs, like how many bottles of milk and how 4 rice. In the supermarket, she looks for things on 35 (sell). She also checks the prices of the same things in different 6 (store). She never buys things she doesn’t need. She thinks it’s a good way of 7 (save) money. Li Ling also likes to share her shopping experience (经验) 8 her classmates. She tells 9 (they) how to save time and money. Her classmates all think she is a smart 10 (shop). 综合拓展练（测试时间：10分钟） 1．（24-25七年级下·吉林长春·期中）To write this article, I need ________. A．three piece of paper B．three pieces of paper C．three pieces of papers D．three piece of papers 2．（24-25七年级下·甘肃张掖·期中）—What do you want to buy? —I want to buy some ________. A．potato B．potatoes C．potatos D．photos 3．（24-25七年级下·吉林长春·期中）—Would you like to have some ________ for lunch? —Yes, please. A．mutton B．egg C．apple D．tomato 4．（24-25七年级下·云南保山·期中）—Tom, what would you like for dinner? —Thanks, mom. I’d like some ________. A．dumplings and strawberry B．bread and vegetable C．dumpling and vegetables D．beef and vegetables 5．（24-25七年级下·福建龙岩·期中）I usually have ________ bread and some juice for breakfast. A．three B．three pieces C．three pieces of 6．（24-25七年级下·福建莆田·期中）—What would you like to drink? —________ coffee, please. A．One cup B．One cup of C．Two cup of 7．（24-25七年级下·山东淄博·期中）—Lily, what else do you need to make the shake? —________. A．Three cups of milks B．Three cups of milk C．Three cups milks D．Three cup of milk 8．（24-25七年级下·吉林松原·期中）—What can I do for you? —I’d like ________ and ________. A．three orange; two orange juice B．three oranges; two glasses of orange juice C．three oranges; two glass of orange juice 9．（24-25七年级下·海南省直辖县级单位·期中）I have two ______ and some ______ for lunch. A．tomato; chicken B．tomatoes; chickens C．tomatoes; chicken 10．（24-25七年级下·西藏日喀则·期中）We would like ________, thank you. A．two cup of tea B．two cup of teas C．two cups of tea D．two cup of waters 11．（24-25七年级下·甘肃天水·期中）________ visitors come to visit the Palace Museum every day. A．Thousand of B．Thousands of C．Thousands D．Three thousands 12．（24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）Around 20 ________ runners took part in the Suqian Marathon last month. A．thousand B．thousands C．thousand of D．thousands of 13．（24-25七年级下·江苏宿迁·期中）Lily lives in an old apartment with ________ floors and she will celebrate her ________ birthday. A．five; fiftieth B．fifth; the fiftieth C．five; the fiftieth D．fifth; fiftieth 14．（24-25七年级下·陕西西安·期中）This morning we have ________ classes, and the ________ class is Chinese. A．first; three B．three; first C．third; first D．third; one 15．（2025·西藏·中考真题）Four and seven is ________. A．ten B．eleven C．twelve D．thirteen 16．（2025·四川广元·中考真题）My old grandfather is in his ________, but he can still do some gardening and look after himself well. A．nineteen B．ninety C．ninetieth D．nineties 17．（2025·甘肃白银·中考真题）There are 30 students in the art club. One third are boys. So, the club has ________ girls. A．10 B．20 C．30 D．40 18．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—When are you going on holiday? —I’m not sure, perhaps the ________ week in July. A．two B．second C．twice 19．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—How long is the bridge? —About ________ long. A．two thousand metre B．two thousand metres C．two thousands metre D．two thousands metres 20．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）Two ________ dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ________ it. A．hundreds, to buy B．hundreds, buy C．hundred, to buy 3 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $