课时冲关15 Unit 4 Space Exploration-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（人教版）

高考总复习英语 课时冲关15 $$U N I T 4 \quad S P A C E E X P L O R A T I O N$$ I.阅读A 主题：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：“毅力号”火星探测器 A 293-million-mile journey of the “Perseverance is the smartest robot ev- NASA Perseverance rover(探测器) to Mars er made， but confirming that microbial life ended successfully on February 18th， 2021， once existed carries an unusually large bur- with a picture perfect landing inside the den of proof， ”said Lori Glaze， director of Je zero Crater. The car-sized， six-wheeled NASA's Planetary Science Division.“ While rover， nicknamed Percy， is the US space we'll learn a lot with the great instruments we agency's biggest and most advanced explorer have aboard the rover， it may very well require the far more well-equipped laboratories and deli- to date. Its primary mission is to search for cate instruments back here on Earth to tell us signs of ancient microbial(微生物的) life on whether our samples(样本) carry evidence that Mars. Mars once harbored life.” Landing on Mars is extremely tricky. 1.What is the extraordinary challenge for The Red Planet's gravitational(引力的) pull the rover to landon Mars? causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to A.The speed reduction. high speeds， while its thin atmosphere-just B.The atmosphere analysis. one percent that of Earth's-does little to C.The location search. help slow it down as it approaches the sur- D.The time management. face. 2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? The scientists had to reduce Percy's A.Ways to find the precise entry angle. 12， 000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of B.Consequences of wrong entry degree. less than five mph—in just six and a half mi- C.Factors to survive “the seven mi- n utes. The target entry angle also had to be n utes”. a precise 12 degrees any steeper， and the D.Reasons for the necessity of speed re spacecraft would burn up； any flatter， and it ducing. would get lost in space. It is no wonder that 3.What does the underlined word“it”in the final approach is often referred to as the Paragraph 4 refer to? A.The space. B.The area. “seven minutes of terror”. C.The system. D.The surface. Upon attaining a manageable speed， 4.What can be inferred from Lori Glaze's Percy briefly flew over the Martian surface words? to seek out the perfect landing spot. Its A.Instruments aboard the rover are not complex map-reading system rapidly scanned quite reliable. the area and matched it with maps in its data- B.Perseverance is able to collect enough base to find the best location. evidence needed. The NASA scientists will spend the C.Man still has along way to go to prove next two months testing Percy's scientific there was life on Mars. instruments. Once ready， the rover will be- D.Samples of Mars will be returned soon g into carryout its mission. to the labs on the Earth. ·286· 基础必备必修第三册 [答题栏] 阅读B 主题：人与社会 体裁：议论文 话题：是否应该探索太空 Should humans explore space? If you the planet， but these will run out one day. 1 ask me， Ill definitely give a positive an- Overpopulation can be an existential threat swer. for all mankind. With the advancement of 2 The space exploration has a direct im- space technology， it will be wise to use and 3..... pact on the lives of humans， as well as the explore the vast potential of other planets， 4 state of our world. Satellites moving around such as the availability of mining resources B 5 the earth enable communication across the on asteroids or other planets. world， connecting people of different conti- For the exploration of the universe， 6........ nents and broadcasting information world- perhaps the most advantageous of all is that 7 ...... wide. The Global Positioning System(GPS) it will unite us to work together for a com-s can identify our location anywhere. Further mon purpose， regardless of our differences. m more， weather satellites can forecast harm- 5.What can space exploration do according i to Paragraph 2? ful weather conditions， which allows hu- 2...... mans to prepare for deadly natural disasters A.Improve the traffic on the earth. 3 and save lives. B.Help humans communicate and spread information. 4 Space programs can also indirectly lead C.Help prevent deadly natural disasters . 5 to the solution to poverty and world hunger. D.Promote travel between countries. For example， large plots of land could be 6.How can space programs help solve pov 1 used far better if humans applied technolo- erty and world hunger? gies. The most effective tool is the artificial A.By benefiting crop production with ar earth satellite. It can screen areas of land ti ficial earth satellites. within a very short time， indicating useful B.By transporting food worldwide more measures， such as the condition of crops， easily. soil， rainfall， and droughts. It can then C.By creating ob opportunities for the transmit this information to ground stations poor. on the earth for better use. D.By protecting available land resources. In recent years， space-based technolo- 7.What does the writer think of mining re- gies have become an important factor to sources on other planets? reach and expand global health objectives. A.Time-wasting. B.Arguable. Information provided by remote technologies C.Unnecessary. D.Rewarding. can be applied to study the epidemiology(流 8.What is the purpose of the last para- 行病学) .This data provided by space tech- graph? nologies can monitor disease patterns， un- A.To ask people to explore space in de derstand the environmental causes that pendently. spread it， make predictions about where it B.To encourage people to explore space can spread in the future， and make plans to cooperatively. fight it efficiently. C.To tell the readers the importance of Furthermore， space exploration is exploring space. something we can do for future generations. D.To show the readers the advantages of Mankind is using the resources provided on exploring space. ·287· 高考总复习英语 .阅读七选五 主题：人与社会 体裁：议论文 话题：为什么对登陆火星感兴趣 It sounds like something from science age we have done to Earth makes no sense fiction a space journey into the vast ex- when we can simply terraform Earth. pans e of space， heading towards Mars. It seems the main reason is the search While we're not quite ready to put a person for extraterrestrial(地球外的) life . 5 on the land， the question we ask today is： Now seemingly dead， the potential fossils 1 The space race saw the USA an could answer questions about our own evo 1 US $$S _ { 1 }$$ SR compete to achieve first s in space- lution and that of our planet. One theory is flight. The Soviet Union released Sputnik that bacterial life on our planet didn't start 1， an artificial satellite， before anyone else. here， but was transferred via asteroid(小行 2 Now it appears that Mars is the heav- 星) from Mars. en body of desire. While the reputation and A.And the US landed on the Moon first. bragging(吹嘘) rights to be the first nation B.Leading astrophysicist Neil Tyson is one to touchdown is an obvious draw， there are of them. other reasons we want to get there. C.One of these could be the survival of our 3 You only have to look at the fos- species. si lized remains of the dinosaurs to see the D.why are so many countries interested in benefit of finding another habitable planet. going to Mars? While Mars doesn't have the right conditions E.It has been believed that， at one time， to call it home just yet， there's always the Mars was abundant with life. concept of terraforming(地球化) 一changing F.Surely inspiring a new generation to visit the environment of a planet to suit our needs. the stars is reason enough. How ver， not everyone agrees . 4 He has said the concept of changing habit a- G.may landing on Mars inspire more people bility of another planet because of the dam- to become interested in science? Ⅲ.语法填空主题：人与自然体裁：说明文话题：银河系中宇宙尘埃特征的首个三维地图 Chinese astronomers have created the Zhang Xiang yu， a Chinese doctoral student， first three dimensional map of the features 5. conducted the study with his of cosmic(宇宙的) dust in the Milky Way， 6.(instruct) ， Gregory M.Green. using data from China's Large Sky Area The team combined two million fixed Multi Object Fiber Spectroscopy Telescope star spectra(光谱) from LA 1MOS ST with po- (LA AMOST) and European Space Agency's sitional and spectroscopic data from the Eu- Gaia space observatory. 1. ropean Gaia space observatory， creating a (publish) as a cover story in Science on Fri- dynamic 3D map that tracks how dust ex- day， this cosmic map collection solves a dec- tinction changes location and wavelength. a de-old challenge in astronomy by disclosing “For the first time， we can see the Milky how cosmic dust makes starlight less bright Way's dust‘fingerprints’in full dimension- and turns it redder across the galaxy(星系) . ality.So far this map 7.(open) a The breakthrough is likely 2. whole new window for studying dust and the (transform) studies of star formation and Milky Way， probably offering new perspec- ex xo planets. tives on issues such 8. astro chem- For 3.(decade) ， astron- is try， star formation and the origins of life， ” omers had to correct observations using oversimplified models， 4.(as- Zhang said. sume) even dust behaved uniformly.“But The team plans to expand the map using dust features vary across regions.Using a LAM OST's ongoing surveys， 9. general pattern for all situations was like (possible) uncovering links between dust following a map with a faulty GPS， ”said evolution 10.galactic history. ·288·dents and their cultures.”可知， 这两座城市都有不同种 族和文化的交融。] 3.B [细节理解题。根据Sydney部分的“Following World War Ⅱ， Sydney saw a huge inflow of immigrants. This trend has continued into the present day， making Sydney one of the most multicultural cities in the world.”可知， 自二战后至今，大量移民涌入悉尼，移民潮使其成为一 座拥有多元文化的城市。] B.「语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章通过描述博物 B.L谱篇解1 ° 馆的展览，阐述了博物馆在不同文化之间架起来沟通的桥 梁，帮助不同文化增进欣赏和理解。 4.B [细节理解题。根据第一段的“Two women in their 50s st and beholding in front of Guanyin of the South Chi- na Sea， an ancient Chinese sculpture in the Nelson-At- kins Museum of Art in Kansas City， Missouri. Over the past 20 years， they have been visiting the museum， de- scribing the‘mother Buddha’as‘beautiful and tranquil， a symbol of religious traditions in China’.(密苏里州堪 萨斯城纳尔逊-阿特金斯艺术博物馆里，两名50多岁的 妇女站在中国南海观音前凝视。在过去的20年里，她们 经常参观这座博物馆，称“妈祖”美丽宁静，是中国宗教 传统的象征'。)”可知，这两位女士不断参观纳尔逊-阿特 金斯博物馆，是因为她们热爱中国宗教传统。] 5.D [推理判断题。根据第三段内容“An exhibition on the theme of Lively Creatures Animals in Chinese Art was held at the museum， displaying tens of Chinese ancient paintings with images of animals in many art forms. The creatures on the paintings represented cele- bration， personal messages， and even political and reli- gious agendas.(博物馆以‘活泼的生物—中国艺术中 的动物'为主题举办了一场展览，展出了数十幅中国古 代绘画作品，其中动物形象以多种艺术形式出现。画上 的生物代表庆祝、个人信息，甚至政治和宗教议程。)”和 第四段“Organizers of the exhibition produced a set of cards， with images of animals on one side and their cul- tural meanings in Chinese artistic tradition on the other. (展览组织者制作了一套卡片，一边是动物的图像，另一 边是它们在中国艺术传统中的文化意义。)”可推断， Lively Creatures—Animals in Chinese Art展览展出的绘 画展示了中国文化的魅力。] 6.C [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“It's kind of eye- opening and we're bringing the world together， ’says Makar， an educator with the school outreach and educa- tion programs of the museum.‘There are so many simi- larities as well as beautiful differences， and we are just trying to understand and appreciate one another.'(‘这有 点让人大开眼界，我们把世界连在了一起，'负责博物馆 学校外展和教育项目的教育工作者马卡尔说。‘我们有 很多相似之处，也有很多美丽的不同点，我们只是在努 力理解和欣赏彼此。”)”可知，马卡尔认为博物馆的展览 让人大开眼界，不同的文化有相似也有不同，增进彼此 的理解和欣赏。因此推断他认为参观博物馆是信息丰 富并且多元化的。] 7.A [推理判断题。根据最后一段Howard说的话“I think having access to seeing what other cultures have created， what they valued and appreciated， and what was important to them， is really important in building that understanding about all the people we share this planet with.(我认为， 有机会了解其他文化创造了什么， 他们 重视和欣赏什么，以及对他们来说重要的是什么，这对 于建立与我们共享这个星球的所有人的理解非常重 要。) ”可知， Howard认为通过参观博物馆可以让人们了 解其他文化，因此推断他认为建立博物馆可以在不同文 化之间架起桥梁。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中文难学 却值得学习，因中国在全球地位重要，文中还介绍了与母 语者练习、看听节目、听音乐等学习策略。 1.C [由上文“On top of that， the language is tonal.(除此 之外，这种语言是有音调的。)”可知，这里指出中文是有 ·38 参考答案 音调的语言，空格处需说明音调对中文的影响，C项 How you speak a word can completely change its mean- ing.(一个词的发音方式可能完全改变它的意思。) 符合 此处语境，解释了音调不同会导致词义差异，与前文 tonal形成直接关联。] 2.D [由上文“For my friend， for instance， knowing the language makes traveling throughout China easier and more enriching.(例如， 对我的朋友来说， 懂这门语言让 他在中国各地旅行更加轻松和充实。)”可知，这里举例 说明朋友因懂中文而在旅行中受益，空格处应延续“学 头 习中文的实际用途”这一话题， D项In my case， I learned Mandarin to teach English in northern China.(就我而 言，我学习普通话是为了在中国北方教英语。)通过my case形成并列举例， 进一步说明学习中文的个人动机， 与前文结构一致。] 3.A [由下文“Encourage them to correct your pro nun cia tion and try mimicking(模仿) how they pronounce tones.(鼓励他们纠正你的发音， 并尝试模仿他们发音调 tones 的方式。)”可知，这里提到鼓励“他们”纠正发音，暗示存 在语言学习伙伴， A项Practice with native speakers.(与 母语者练习。) 中的native speakers对应下文them， 且概 括了该段“通过与母语者互动提升发音”的核心策略。] 4.G [由上文“Improve your pronunciation by following popular channels.(通过关注热门渠道来改善你的发 音。) ”可知， 这里建议通过热门渠道提升发音， G项They highlight phrases and words and let you watch programs at your own speed.(它们突出显示短语和单词， 让你可 以按自己的节奏观看节目。) 中的They指代前文popular channels， 具体说明这些渠道如何帮助学习， 符合“提出 建议一解释细节”的逻辑。] 5.E [由上文“I pick a song and study the lyrics and melo- dy.(我选一首歌，学习歌词和旋律。)”可知，这里讲提到 通过歌曲学习中文， E项 Music can help new Chines speakers learn the language's different tones.(音乐可以 帮助新的中文学习者学习语言的不同音调。)进一步阐 述音乐对学习音调的作用， 与前文 song、melody形成呼 应， 且与后文“nursery rhymes(童谣) ”共同构成“音乐类 学习资源”的并列举例。] Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了土耳其 女孩Nurse na Bu rus受姐姐影响来到中国， 通过春节、端午 节等文化体验和大学学习，不仅爱上中国文化，还希望成 为两国文化交流的桥梁。 1.for 2.previously 3.to take 4.was attracted 5.a 6.supportive 7.Inspired 8.occasions 9.when 10.arrival Ⅳ.[参考范文] Dear Chris， How is everything going?I hope everything is going well back in Ireland. Looking back， I find it has been a year since you came back to Ireland.I miss you so much.I still remember the very day when we met at China-Ireland Cultural Festival two years ago. It was at that festival that you shared so many interesting things about your country together， through which I learned a lot about your food， culture and history.We really enjoyed ourselves there.What is far more important is that we became good friends then. Though felt a little sorry that you left China last year， I am pleased to know you are leading a happy life in your hometown. I hope we can keep in touch often. Best wishes! Yours， Li Hua 课时冲关15 $$U N I T 4 \quad S P A C E E X P L O R A T I O N$$ I.A.「语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 “毅力号”火星探测器的主要任务，以及其登陆火星过程中 的情况。 87· 高考总复习英语 1.A [细节理解题。根据第二段“The Red Planet's gravi- tational(引力的) pull causes approaching spacecraft to go faster to high speeds， while its thin atmosphere just one percent that of Earth's does little to help slow it down as it approaches the surface.(这颗红色星球的引力 使接近的航天器更快地达到高速，而它稀薄的大气层 (只有地球的百分之一)在接近表面时几乎没有帮助它 减速。)”可知，火星引力会使得接近火星的航天器更快 速行进，并且火星稀薄的大气层对减缓航天器的速度几 乎没有帮助，故减速是“毅力号”探测器登陆火星的特别 有 挑战。] 2.C[主旨大意题。根据第三段“The scientists had to re duce Percy's 12， 000 mph speed to a safe landing speed of less than five mph-in just six and a half minutes. The target entry angle also had to be a precise 12 degrees(科 学家们必须在六分半钟内将Percy的1.2万英里/每小 时的速度降低到不到每小时5英里的安全着陆速度。目 标进入角度也必须精确到12度) ”以及“It is no wonder that the final approach is often referred to as the‘sever minute s of ter rrOr '.(难怪最后一段时间通常被称为‘恐 怖的七分钟’。)”可知，该段主要介绍了“恐怖七分钟”的 生存因素：降低速度和精确的切入角度。] 3.B [词义猜测题。根据画线词前句内容“Its complex map-reading system rapidly scanned the area(其复杂的 地图读取系统快速扫描该区域) ”可知， 将Percy数据库 中的地图与扫描的区域进行匹配，由此找到最佳的着陆 的地图 位置。故推断it指代该句中的“the area”。] 4.C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中“While we'll learn a lot with the great instruments we have aboard the rover it may very well require the far more well-equipped labo- ra tories and delicate instruments back here on Earth to tellus whether our samples(样本) carry evidence that Mars once harbored life.(虽然我们将通过探测器上的强 大仪器了解到很多东西，但很可能需要地球上设备更完 善的实验室和精密的仪器来告诉我们，我们的样本是否 携带了火星曾经存在生命的证据。)”可知，确认火星曾 经存在过微生物需要大量的证据，而携带这些证据的样 本又需要装备更加齐全的实验室以及精密的仪器才能 进行分析。据此可推知，人类要证明火星上曾有生命还 有很长的路要走。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。主要讲的是人类是 否应该探索太空为此话题而展开的讨论。 5.B [细节理解题。根据第二段“The space exploration has a direct impact on the lives of humans， as well as the state of our world. Satellites moving around the earth enable communication across the world， connecting peo- ple of different continents and broadcasting information worldwide. The Global Positioning System(GPS) can identify our location anywhere. Furthermore， weather satellites can forecast harmful weather conditions， which allows humans to prepare for deadly natural disasters and save lives.(太空探索直接影响着人类的生活， 也影响着 我们这个世界的现状。环绕地球运行的卫星使全世界 的通信成为可能，将不同大陆的人们联系起来，向全世 界广播信息。全球定位系统 (GPS) 可以在任何地方确定 我们的位置。此外，气象卫星可以预测有害的天气状 况，这使人类能够为致命的自然灾害做好准备，挽救生 命。)”可知，根据第二段，太空探索可以帮助人类交流和 传播信息。] 6.A [细节理解题。根据第三段“Space programs can also indirectly lead to the solution to poverty and world hun- ger. For example， large plots of land could be used far better if humans applied technologies. The most effective effe tool is the artificial earth satellite. It can screen areas of land within a very short time， indicating useful me as- ures， such as the condition of crops， soil， rainfall， and droughts. It can then transmit this information to ground stations on the earth for better use.(太空计划还可以间 ·38 接地解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。例如，如果人类应用技 术，大片土地可以得到更好的利用。最有效的工具是人 造地球卫星。它可以在很短的时间内筛选土地面积，显 示有用的措施，如作物状况、土壤、降雨和干旱。然后， 它可以将这些信息传输到地球上的地面站，以便更好地 使用。)”可知，太空计划利用人造地球卫星造福农作物 生产来帮助解决贫困和世界饥饿问题。] 7.D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“With the ad- van cement of space technology， it will be wise to use and explore the vast potential of other planets， such as the availability of mining resources on asteroids or other planets.(随着太空技术的进步， 利用和探索其他行星的 巨大潜力将是明智的，例如小行星或其他行星上的采矿 资源的可用性。)”可推知，作者对在其他星球上开采资 源这一行为认为是有意义的。] 8.B [推理判断题。根据最后一段“For the exploration of the universe， perhaps the most advantageous of all is that it will unite us to work together for a common pur 说，也许最有利的是它将把我们团结起来，为了一个共 同的目标而努力，不管我们有什么分歧 $$\left. 0 \right) ^ { 2 }$$ ”可推知，最后 一段的目的是鼓励人们合作探索太空。] Ⅱ.「语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章分析了为什么 有这么多国家对登陆火星感兴趣。 1.D [根据上文“While we're not quite ready to put a per- son on the land， the question we ask today is：(虽然我们 还没有准备好把一个人送上火星，但我们今天要问的问 题是：)”可知，此处会是一个疑问句，内容与登陆火星有 关， 选项D“why are so many countries interested in going to Mars?(为什么有这么多国家对登陆火星感兴趣 符合题意。] 2.A [根据上文“The space race saw the USA and USSR compete to achieve first s in spaceflight. The Soviet Union released Sputnik 1， an artificial satellite， before anyone else.(在太空竞赛中， 美国和苏联竞相实现太空 飞行的第一。苏联首先发射了人造卫星Sputnik 1号。) 可知，此处内容与美国在太空方面的领先有关，选项A “And the US landed on the Moon first.(美国首先登陆 月球。)”符合题意。] 3.C [根据下文“You only have to look at the fossilized remains of the dinosaurs to see the benefit of finding an- other habitable planet. (你只需要看看恐龙的化石残骸， 就能看到寻找另一个宜居星球的好处。)”可知，此处内 容与其中一个原因与人类的生存有关， 选项C 中 the survival of our species对应下一句 fossilized remains of the dinosaurs。选项C“One of these could be the survival of our species.(其中原因之一可能是我们人类的生存。) ”符合 题意。] 4.B [根据下文“He has said the concept of changing habitability of another planet because of the damage we have done to Earth makes no sense when we can simply terraform Earth.(他说， 我们可以简单地改造地球， 因为 我们对地球的破坏而改变另一个星球的宜居性的概念 是没有意义的。)”可知，此处内容与有反对的人有关，下 一句代词 he 指的是选项 B中的Neil Tyson。选项 B “Leading astrophysicist Neil Tyson is one of them.(著名 天体物理学家尼尔·泰森就是其中之一。)”符合题意。] 5.E [根据上文“It seems the main reason is the search for extraterrestrial(地球外的) life.(主要原因似乎是为了 寻找地球外的生命。 ) ”可知，此处内容与地球外的生命 有关， 且选项E中at one time对应下一句Now seeming ly dead。选项E“It has been believed that， at one time， Mars was abundant with life.(人们相信火星曾经有过 丰富的生命。)”符合题意。] Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中 国天文学家利用 LAMOST [和盖亚空间天文台的数据，创 建了银河系中宇宙尘埃特征的首个三维地图，并阐述了该 地图对天文学研究的重要意义。 1.Published 2.to transform 3.decades 4.assuming 5.who 6.instructor 7.has opened 8.as 9.possibly 10.and 课时冲关16 UNIT 5 THE VALUE OFMONEY I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。主要就创业与大学 教育进行论述。大学教育必不可少，有利于创业者的 成功。 1.D [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Contrary to popular belief， successful entrepreneurship is rarely seen... in their first five years.”可知， 年轻人中很少有成功的创业 者； 结合第二段最后一句的关键表述“years of learning， experimenting and risk-taking—traits cultivated over time”可知， 本段罗列数字是为了说明成功的创业并非很 快完成，是多年学习、试验以及勇于冒险的结果。] 2.C [细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“They encourage students to...create value practices that are also key to entrepreneurial success.”可知， 打破常规以及培养独特 的思维模式是创业成功的关键。此处 unique thinking patterns指代上文中的an entrepreneurial mindset， 与选 项中的a start-up mentality相呼应， 且题干中的the most crucial与原文中的key语义相近。] 3.C 「推理判断题。] 第四段第一句“But some may doubt... all college 第四段以戏 majors capable of instilling 剧专业为例， 第四段提 entrepreneurial skills?”提 说明这一专 到戏剧专 出大学各专业是否能融入 业不仅仅设 业是为了 创业技能教育的疑问。 置舞台指导 说明创业 等课程，还培 技能能够 养学生调动 第四段中的关键表述 融入到大 资源、领导创 “mobilize resources， lead 学各个专 意团队等可以 creative teams and 业中。 应用到创业上 navigate the uncertain tie 的技能。 of a theatrical production E 4.B [推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，年轻人更倾向 于自己创业，对大学教育的价值产生疑问；结合第二段 的研究论证以及第三、四、五段的具体内容可知，大学教 育培养年轻人的思维模式和技能，有助于年轻人创业。 由此可推知，本文主要提出了对于创业与大学教育的 见解。] .[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了储 蓄的重要性以及如何成为更好的储蓄者。 1.A [根据后文“but a recent study showed that over half of all 22~29-year-olds living in the UK have no savings at all. Did they max out on too many things， or are there other factors? And how can we become better savers? (但最近的一项研究表明，超过一半的22至29岁的英国 人根本没有储蓄。是他们在太多事情上达到了极限，还 是有其他因素?我们怎样才能成为更好的储蓄者?)”可 知， 后文 but表示转折， 提到超过一半的22至29岁的英 国人根本没有储蓄以及如何成为更好的储蓄者，由此推 知，空处提出储蓄很重要。故A选项“学会如何存钱很 重要”符合语境。] 2.F [根据上文“First， put a s top to those impulse buys. (首先， 停止冲动购买。) ”以及后文“even if it is on sale or looks like a bargain. Impulse buys are done in the heat of the moment and without thought for what it's costing you. Encouraging yourself to question your purchase be- for e you buy allows you to process what you are doing. (即使它正在打折或看起来很便宜。冲动购物是在一时 冲动下完成的，没有考虑到你会付出什么代价。鼓励自 己在购买之前质疑自己的购买行为，可以让你对自己正 在做的事情进行处理。)”可知，本段的主旨是停止冲动 购买，后文提到了“即使它正在打折或看起来很便宜”， 说明要思考自己是否真正需要买东西，而不是在意价 格，故F选项“问自己是否真的需要买东西”符合语境。] · 38 参考答案 3.E [根据后文“Withdraw cash before you go to a restau rant or shopping and set a fixed budget you must stick to. Also， any change that comes from your transactions when you're using cash can be put in jar and deposited into your account.(在你去餐馆或购物之前提取现金， 并 设定一个你必须坚持的固定预算。此外，当你使用现金 时，交易产生的任何零钱都可以放在罐子里存入你的账 户。)”可知，本段的主旨是使用现金来多储蓄。故E选 项“另一种方法是用现金而不是信用卡”符合语境。] 4.C [根据上文“Finally， be disciplined.(最后， 要自律。) ” 以及后文“It's about sticking to it， too. You should n't be dipping into your savings every time you feel like it. Setting up a standing order from your current account in- to your savings the moment you receive your salary will ensure you keep up the habit.(这也是关于坚持的问题。 你不应该每次想要的时候就动用你的存款。在你拿到 工资的那一刻，从你的活期账户中建立一个定期存款账 户，这样可以确保你保持这个习惯。)”可知，后文提到了 自律也是坚持的问题，说明储蓄不仅仅是创建预算，而 是要执行并且坚持。故C选项“这不仅仅是关于创建预 算”符合语境。] 5.G [根据上文“Setting up a standing order from your current account into your savings the moment you receive your salary will ensure you keep up the habit.(在你拿到 工资的那一刻，从你的活期账户中建立一个定期存款账 户，这样可以确保你保持这个习惯。)”可知，上文提到了 坚持储蓄的习惯，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说 明这么做的感受：坚持他们的计划，看着钱越积越多。 故G选项“成功的储蓄者坚持他们的计划，看着钱越积 越多”符合语境。 Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在 超市买东西时，遇到帮助别人买单的好人的故事。 1.A 「考查动词词义辨析。句意：在收银台，一位白发苍 苍的男人已经开始把他的商品装进袋子里。A.bag 把……装进袋子； B.list列清单； C.check检查； D.receive 收到。根据语境和前文“At the cash desk， a white-hair- ed man had begun to”可知， 此处指在收银台打包自己买 的商品。] 2.B [考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后障碍来了。 A.question问题； B.barrier障碍， 阻碍； C. difficulty 困 难； D.conflict冲突。根据语境和后文“Sometimes it'sa customer with multiple coupons(优惠券) ， or someone who forgot to 3 a piece of fruit.”可知， 此处表示收银 台这儿发生的各种影响收银进度的障碍。] 3.C [考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时是有很多张优惠券 的顾客， 或者是忘记称水果重量的人。A.fetch取来； B.slice切成薄片； C.weigh称重； D.taste 品尝。根据语 境和前文“Sometimes it's a customer with multiple cou- pons(优惠券) ， or someone who forgot to”可知， 此处表 示有人忘记称水果的重量，从而耽误收银进度。] 4.A 「考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：这个人没有足 够的钱。A.adequate足够的； B. pocket袖珍的； C.extra 额外的； D. bonus 奖金。根据后文“So he began the process of choosing which 5 to keep and which to hand back.”可知， 老人没有足够的钱来买下所有的 东西。] 5.B [考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他开始了选择保 留哪些物品和归还哪些物品的过程。A.tools工具； B.items物品； C.drinks饮料； D.snacks小吃， 零食。根 据前文“At the cash desk， a white-haired man had begun to 1 his goods.”可知， 此处指老人要结账的物品， 呼 应前文goods用items。] 6.D [考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在每一个东西上都停 顿了一下， 是保留或放弃它。A. doubted 怀疑； B.glanced瞥见； C. shifted转移； D.paused暂停， 停顿。 根据语境和后文“We waited. Longer lines surged ahead.”可知， 他在选每个东西时都停顿一下。] 39.