专题十一 特殊句式+主谓一致-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮创新示范卷（人教版）

[第一部分]》语法专项卷 专题十一特殊句式+主谓一致 I.单句语法填空 l.“Unique”“delicate”and“wonderful" (be)words British participants used to describe their feelings during the tea tastings. 2.It is this durability has made the preservation of many val- uable works from ancient China possible. 3.Also on display (be)Shang relics collected from across the rest of present-day China. 尔 4.On show life-size reproductions of dozens of astonishing artifacts,supervised by Sanxingdui Museum,such as 2.6-meter bronze statues,3.8-meter-wide bronze masks and “the holy tree'”standing nearly4 meters. 斯 5.It's not just fully-grown plants goats are able to deal with:any seeds that pass through a goat will not grow. 6.This model,named after Xun Zi,one of the most celebrated philosophers in ancient China for his Confucian classic Xunzi, (comprise)the majority of Chinese ancient books and documents. h 7.Behind Zibo's sudden fame (be)the efforts and services of the local government,as 的 well as a good reputation of local businesses,which receive favorable reviews from visitors who 布 share their experiences online. 8.It was not until she participated in a reality show and became a restaurant waitress her situation began to improve dramatically. 9.Theater for children and young people (be)a“world language”that enables chil- dren of different countries and race to communicate without words. 10.Another crucial way she sticks to (be)to teach children in similar situations not 如 阳 limited by their disability. 载 11,When (perform),in addition to singing,performers use well-established move- ments to express certain emotions and meanings 12.Translated from jing mai in Chinese,the meridians refer to paths through which the life en- ergy (flow)in the body and to organs. 13.For the dragon sculpture,a golden and glorious ball (float)in front of the intimidating dragon. 14.Not only the students but also the teacher (show)a great interest in playing football. 蓉 15.Any boy and any girl as well as the teachers who (be)to lead their class (be) asked to meet at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning. 16.About three-fifth of the work (be)done yesterday. 17.At present,almost two-thirds of the students in this class (wear)glasses. 18.Professor Smith,along with his assistants, (work)on the project day and night to meet the deadline these days. 41 19.The silence in the dark building was scaring.No sound and voice (be)heard at that moment. 20.As is reported in the newspaper,the number of people who (go)hungry has been greatly reduced. 21.I can't remember what it was made the teacher give Mary the permission to leave the class earlier. 22.ChatGPT has spread like wildfire across social media.However,hot on the heels of ChatGPT (come)Google's Bard chatbot. 23.In 1267,a European writer made reference to gunpowder,and in 1280 the first recipes for the explosive mixture (be)published in the west. 24.They say having a large variety of plants also (help)to protect against possible crop diseases and future crises. Ⅱ.语法填空 Sara's English 1. (be)so good.I wonder how she 2. (learn)it.“Inmy country,everyone has to learn English from the first grade,"Sara said.That's interesting.How- ever,when I 3. (visit)her family last year,it 4. (seem)there weren't many people that could speak with me in English.Sara explained to me:"That's because they are shy. They 5. (be)not accustomed to talking with foreigners.Although I 6. (learn) English for 10 years,when I first came to the US,I was really nervous about speaking with the people here..” I thought there 7. (be)lots of Americans teaching English in her country.Sara said,"Yes,that's true.There are more American teachers now than there 8. (be)five years ago,but they are mostly in cities.My family lives in the country." Personally I 9. (prefer)the country to the city.I like the life there.It's so quiet, peaceful and beautiful.If I 10. (teach),I would teach in the country. Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Twenty-five-year-old Ana Victoria Espino in Mexico has become the world's first lawyer with Down syndrome(唐氏综合征).It has made history in Mexico..Having studied in the institution's law school for five years,she received her law degree from Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas. In Mexico,there is no bar exam-getting a law degree is enough to be a lawyer.However, rather than defending people in the court of law,Espino aims to use her legal knowledge to im- prove conditions for people with disabilities. For Espino,becoming a lawyer was a long-time dream.Espino grew up with a strong family network including her parents and three siblings(兄弟姐妹)，which has been the foundation of her educational and professional careers.In the classroom,she also received helpful accommoda- tions to enter high school like being able to study independently for the entrance exam. After graduating,Espino applied for a university and stood out in the admission exam. However,the school's headmaster refused her application despite her excellent grades in the ex- am,because the school lacked the conditions for a person with Down syndrome. Moved by her determined spirit,a professor offered to help Espino.Throughout her five years of college,the teacher accompanied Espino to all of her classes,helped her study,and pre- pared her for exams. 42 Espino's career as an advocate for people with disabilities predates()her pursuing a de gree.She often shares her story to bring light to people with disabilities.She is also a talented artist,holding several exhibitions. As for the future,Espino has a very clear image of what she wants to achieve.She said,"I am fanatical about the law and I want to ensure all people who live with a disability can occupy decision-making spaces to contribute to improving their conditions." 1.What does Espino expect to do in the future? A.To give a hand to the disabled. B.To cure people of Down syndrome. C.To attach importance to human's equal rights. D.To inspire the disabled to learn legal knowledge. 2.What happened to Espino when applying for a university at first? A.She moved the headmaster. B.She lost her parents'support. C.She was turned down by the school. D.She did badly in the admission exam. 3.What does the underlined word "fanatical"in the last paragraph probably mean? A.Uncertain. B.Annoyed. C.Passionate. D.Curious. 4.Which words can best describe Espino? A.Humble and wise. B.Generous and brave. C.Humorous and hard-working. D.Strong-willed and caring. B Chances are,you probably use some sort of fitness tracker to log your runs,other work outs,and steps throughout your day.The more you use your fitness tracker,the better your overall health is,right?Well,sort of.According to new research published in the American Journal of Medicine,using your fitness tracker regularly doesn't necessarily lead to health ben- efits like lower blood pressure or cholesterol levels. But don't panic just yet:The meta-analysis did find that your fitness tracker does help boost your motivation to work out which in turn can make you healthier. Researchers from the University of Florida analyzed the data from six previous studies and found little evidence that wearing a fitness tracker directly correlated to lower blood pressure, lower cholesterol levels,or significant weight loss.According to Ara Jo,Ph.D.,M.S.,study coauthor and clinical assistant professor at the University of Florida's College of Public Health and Health Professions,fitness trackers may motivate people to move for a little while,but it may not be enough to make people exercise an amount that is significantly associated with health outcomes. Some functions of fitness trackers,like hourly reminders to move or friend competitions, can motivate people to exercise and reward their activity.However,this creates a dilemma:If fitness trackers encourage more movement,shouldn't that lead to health benefits?According to Jo,it depends on how seriously you take that movement. "If fitness trackers help people not only to just move,but also to exercise for about 15 to 20 minutes or more,it may benefit health outcomes,"she said.But if you're only getting a few steps in,you're probably not getting the recommended amount of physical activity needed to pre- vent health problems down the line. According to the American Heart Association (AHA),adults should get at least 150 mi- nutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic(exercise or 75 minutes per week of high intensity aerobic exercise-or a combination of both.Additionally,adults should get moderate to high-intensity strength training at least two days per week. —43 If you use your fitness tracker to help motivate you to meet the above criteria， then there's a good chance you'll get the health benefits that come with regular exercise. 5.What did the new study mainly find? A.Fitness trackers help improve strength training. B.Fitness trackers may have a negative effect on weight. C.Fitness trackers may fail to guarantee health benefits. D.Fitness trackers are the key to lower blood pressure. 6.What does Jo think of fitness trackers? A.Helpful but insufficient. B.Useful but unreliable. C.Attractive but unworthy. D.Motivating but ineffective. 7.What does the text suggest people do? A.Depend on fitness trackers to prevent health issues. B.Avoid using fitness trackers for health improvement. C.Use fitness trackers for stimulation and exercise enough. D.Exercise less， as fitness trackers alone are enough for health. 8.What is the best title for the text? A.Can fitness trackers help you lose weight? B.Do fitness trackers really make you healthier? C.Do fitness trackers actually cure your illnesses? D.Can fitness trackers replace traditional exercise methods? Ⅳ.阅读七选五 People perceive happiness differently， with some seeing the glass half full while others half empty. Sonja Lyu bo mirsky， a social psychologist， explained that happiness comprises positive emotions and life satisfaction . 1 Can you change your set range to be a happier person? She believes that we can change how we think and how we be have and also we can change our habits or develop a new habit. Happy people tend to have such certain habits. Go with the“flow”. Be absorbed in what you do.“When you're so fully engaged in what you're doing that you don't notice the passage of time， you are in a state called‘flow'， which is associated with joy， ”Lyu bo mirsky explained.“ 2 On the contrary， try something as casual and relaxing as completing a group project at the office or enjoying a hobby with your partner.” with y 3 When it comes to your happiness level， personal relationships have a bigger impact than money， a job title or eve your health.“Spending more quality time with your partner， spouse， or kids， or reconnecting with old friends， are sure-fire ways to increase your own and others'average levels of joy.”Lyu bo mirsky said“pick a relationship in need of strengthening， and invest time and energy in healing， cultivating and enjoying it.” 4 Practice random acts of kindness and express gratitude. Take a moment to do nice things for others.“Being kind to other people brings on a lot of positive results. It makes you feel gener- ous and capable， leads you to feel grateful about your own situation， and gives you a greater sense of interconnectedness with the world， ”Lyu bo mirsky said.“ 5 And， in turn， the bene- fit helps nurture your own self-esteem and help get you through the rest of the day or week.” We hope these three tips help you elevate your happiness game. A.Manage your circles. B.Celebrate good news. C.This small investment may go a long way. D.It also gives joy to other people and leads them to like you more. E.Researchers measure those components by asking people such questions. F.The question for researchers returns to that glass half-full or half empty issue. G.You don't have to compete in a high risk game of tennis or climb Mount Everest. 44 参考 3.B [主旨大意题。根据第三段“Multiple factors like ly explain how heat worsens the risks， beyond chan ges in stress hormones(激素) and... heat on office workers and on standardized test score performance. (除了压力荷尔蒙的变化和睡眠障碍之外，还有很多 因素可以解释高温如何加剧风险。研究人员表示，高 温会让你情绪低落或生气，部分原因可能是皮质醇水 平升高，导致压力反应。此外，血液中的氧饱和度水 平也较低，研究人员表示，这可能会导致认知能力下 降。其他研究也发现了高温对办公室职员和标准化 考试成绩的影响。)”可知，第三段主要说的是高温对 认知能力和焦虑感的不良影响。] 4.A [推理判断题。根据最后一段“As we learn to live in a warming world where the summers are get ting hotter， we need to be extra watchful to recognize when...to stay safe， '('随着我们学会生活在一个夏 季越来越热的变暖世界，我们需要格外警惕，意识到 情况何时危险，并采取措施保持安全，”)”可推知， Caleb Dresser的观点是应该更加重视高温的影响， 以 便采取相应的预防和保护措施。] B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章分析了可可 豆价格上升的原因以及带来的一系列后果，并表达了自 已对这一问题的看法，提出了解决方法。 5.A [细节理解题。根据第一段二三四句“Rapidly in creasing prices for coo a beans recently hit a... pro- ducers out of business.(迅速上涨的可可豆价格最近 达到创纪录的每吨1.2万美元，大约是去年价格的4 倍。许多人认为价格会走得更高。这可能会使小型 专业生产商破产。)”可知，可可豆价格的上涨可能会 让一些小型生产商破产。] 6.B B [细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Latin American farmers are rushing to...their new trees bear fruit， prices may be falling again.(由于可可价格 上涨，拉丁美洲农民争相种植可可，放弃了其他作物， 并在新的地区砍伐森林。但是，如果产量激增而制度 不变，那么等到他们的新树结出果实时，价格可能会 再次下跌。)”可知，如果拉丁美洲的农民大规模种植 可可，最终可能导致价格再次下跌。] 7.B [推理判断题。根据第四段二三句“Faced with global heating， increasing conflict and energy... in stability of supply.(面对全球变暖、冲突加剧和能源 价格不稳定，依靠自由市场是一个糟糕的赌注。将粮 食问题视为金融工具会伤害农民，破坏森林，加剧供 应不稳定。)”可知，作者认为依靠自由市场很糟糕，很 担心这个方法会给农民造成伤害。] 8.D [细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“The solu- tion in this case is a commitment to stable minimum prices for cocoa farmers and long-term contracts.(在 这种情况下，解决方案是承诺为可可种植者提供稳定 的最低价格，并签订长期合同。)”可知，作者认为要解 决这个问题，是要保证可可的稳定的价格。] Ⅳ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了和父亲 一起在苏格兰寻找尼斯湖水怪，拍摄野生动物，还一起 渡过了危险的德雷克海峡；他和母亲一起住在墨西哥的 树屋旅馆，品尝维也纳的米其林星级素食餐厅，还一起 穿越了三个州。作者认为，即使有时候和父母一起旅行 并不容易，但这是一种重新建立联系的好机会。 答案 答案 1.E [根据上文“When I was a ki d， I took traveling with my parents for granted.(当我还是个孩子的时 候，我认为和父母一起旅行是理所当然的。)”以及下 文“For example， they took us to Denali National Park instead of DisneyWorld.And we sometimes stayed at hotels without pools. And they never let us buy any 1 thing from the SkyMall catalog(目录) .(例如， 他们 带我们去德纳利国家公园而不是迪士尼世界。我们 有时住在没有游泳池的酒店。他们从不允许我们从 《空中商城目录》上买任何东西。)”可知，父母的一些 行为在作者小时候看来是限制了自己的乐趣，与E项 “To my brothers and me， they seemed to be bent on limiting our fun(对我和我的兄弟们来说， 他们似乎一 心想要限制我们的乐趣)”表达的意思一致。] 2.B [根据上文“Of course， some 20 years later， Icon- sider traveling with my parents， now both in their 60s， to be the utmost privilege.(当然， 大约20年后， 我认为和现在都60多岁的父母一起旅行是最大的荣 幸。) ”以及下文“Neither amI， and every day that pas- ses brings us closer to our last.(我也不是， 每过一天， 我们就离最后一天更近一步。)”可知，作者意识到父 母不再是不可战胜的， 与B项“I know they're no lon- ger unbeatable(我知道他们不再是不可战胜的) ”表达 的意思一致。] 3.D [根据下文“After all， even if you're the apple that fell right under the tree， traveling with the people who raised you is n't always easy.(毕竞， 即使你是正 好掉在树下的苹果，和养育你的人一起旅行并不总是 容易的。)”可知，作者是想说和父母旅行并不都是完 美的， 与D项“That's not to say that all of our trips have been without flaws(这并不是说我们所有的旅行 都没有缺陷)”表达的意思一致。] 4.G [根据空前一句提到的“traveling with the people who raised you is n't always easy(和养育你的人一起 旅行并不总是容易的) ”， 以及下文提到的“her clients come back closer than ever(她的客户回来后比以往任 何时候都要亲密)”，可知，旅行中虽然有挑战，但也有 可能增进关系， G选项“There are always challenges as we are dealing with different physical abilities and interests(我们在应对不同的身体能力和兴趣时总会 遇到挑战)”符合语境，既说明了旅行中的挑战，又与 后文的积极结果形成对比。] 5.C [根据上文“She sees traveling together as the per 1 fect opportunity for getting to know each other for who we are now， with‘now'being the key word.(她 认为一起旅行是一个完美的机会，让我们了解彼此现 在的样子，现在'是关键词。)”可知，因为现在是关 键，所以作为人类，我们总是在不断发展变化的，与 C项“After all， as humans， we're always evolving(毕 竟，作为人类，我们总是在不断进化)”表达的意思 一致。] 专题十一特殊句式+主谓一致 I. .单句语法填空 1.were [考查主谓一致。句意：“独特”“精致”和“美 妙”是英国参与者用来描述他们在品茶过程中的感受 的词语。根据前后文语境，讲述茶的历史，句子应用 一般过去时， 主语“Unique”“ delicate”and“wonder- ful” ”是复数， 系动词 be应用were， 故填were。] -27 英 2.that [考查强调句型。句意：正是这种耐久性，使得 许多中国古代珍贵作品的保存成为可能。分析句子 成分可知， 空处考查强调句型：it is...that...， 意为 “正是……使……”， 符合句意。故填that。] 3.are [考查主谓一致。句意：展出的还有从当今中国 其他地区收集的商代文物。空白处在句子中作谓语， 因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现 在时， 此处是倒装结构， 主语是Shang relics， 谓语动词 用复数形式。故填 $$a r e _ { 0 } \right]$$ 4.are [考查主谓一致。句意：在三星堆博物馆的监督 下，展出了数十件真人大小的惊人文物，如2.6米高 的青铜雕像、3.8米宽的青铜面具和近4米高的“圣 树”。此处陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，此处为倒 装句， 主语为 life-size reproductions of dozens of as toni shing artifacts， 谓语用复数。故填are。] 5.that [考查强调句型。句意：山羊能处理的不仅仅是 成熟的植物：任何经过的种子都不会生长。分析句子 结构可知， 此处应为强调句型“it be+被强调部分+ that/who... ， 强调的是 deal with的宾语， 所以此处 使用that。故填that。] 6.comprises [考查主谓一致， 句意：这种模型包括了大 部分的中国古代书籍和文献，它以荀子命名，中国古 代最著名的哲学家之一，他的儒家经典代表作是《荀 子》。comprise是个动词， 意思是“包括”， 它的主语是 “This model”， 是个单数； 文章通篇使用一般现在时， 所以comprise的时态也应该是一般现在时， 故答案是 comprises.] 7.are 「考查时态和主谓一致。句意：淄博突然成名的 背后是当地政府的努力和服务，以及当地企业的良好 声誉，这些企业得到了游客的好评，他们在网上分享 了他们的经历。讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在 时， 该句是全部倒装， 主语 the efforts and services of the local government复数， 谓语复数形式， 故填are。] 8.that [考查强调句。句意：直到她参加了一个真人 秀，成为一名餐馆服务员，她的情况才开始显著改善。 分析句子结构可知此处为强调句“It was not until+ 被强调部分+that”。故填 $$t h a t _ { 0 } \right]$$ 9.is [考查主谓一致。句意：儿童和青少年的戏剧是一 种“世界语言”，它使不同国家和种族的儿童能够在没 有语言的情况下进行交流。根据下一句的谓语动词 可知， 此处需要用一般现在时， 句子的主语是 The a ter， 因此谓语动词应该是第三人称单数形式。故 填is。 10.is [考查主谓一致。句意：她坚持的另一个关键方 法是教育处于类似情况的孩子，不受他们残疾的限 制。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，时态与前面 保持一致用一般现在时， 且本句主语为Another cru cial way， 所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故 填is。] 11.performing [考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。 句意：在表演时，表演者除了唱歌之外，还会用既定 的动作来表达某些情感和意义。根据句意和句子结 构可知， 句子为When引导的时间状语从句， 从句的 主语和主句的主语一致，且从句谓语中包含be动 词， 故将主语和be动词省略， 还原之后为“when per- formers are performing”， perform意为“表演”， 句子 主语“performers”与“perform”之间为主动关系， 应 用perform的现在分词 performing。故填 perform ing。 答案 语 12.flows[考查主谓一致。句意：经络翻译自中文的 “经脉”，是指生命能量在身体和器官中流动的路径。 主语energy为不可数名词，且这句话陈述的是一般 事实，故此处的谓语动词1ow应该用第三人称单数 的形式。故填flows。] 13.floats[考查主谓一致。句意：对于龙雕塑，一个金 色且辉煌的球漂浮在这条令人生畏的龙的前面。 float作本句谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主 语是a golden and glorious ball,为第三人称单数。故 填floats。] 14.shows考查主谓一致。句意：不仅学生们而且老 师都对踢足球表现出极大的兴趣。not only..but also连接两个成分作主语，遵循就近原则，其后谓语 动词与就近的主语保持一致。teacher为单数，谓语 动词用第三人称单数形式。故填shows。] 15.are:is[考查主谓一致。句意：任何一个男生女生， 还有带领班级的老师都被要求早上6：30在学校门 口集合。第一空“who _to lead their class”为 修饰先行词teachers的定语从句，所以用复数area 第二空，作为谓语be asked的一部分，单复数要依据 主语而定，主语“Any boy and any girl as well as the teachers”中有as well as,所以谓语动词要与短语as well as前面的主语保持一致，且有and连接的两个 单数名词前有each,no,every等修饰，该名词做主语 时，谓语动词要用单数。故填s。] l6,was[考查主谓一致。句意：昨天大约完成了五分 之三的工作。当百分数、分数后面加名词或代词时， 要根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的数形 式。句中名词the work为不可数名词，所以谓语动 词用单数。主语wOrk与动词do是被动关系，所以 填was。] l7.wear考查主谓一致。句意：这个班几乎三分之二 的学生都戴眼镜。“分数十名词”作主语时，谓语动 词的单复数形式取决于O「后名词的数，此处 students为复数，谓语动词也要用复数，再根据at present,故填wear。] l8.is working[考查主谓一致。句意：这些天来，史密 斯教授和他的助手们日以继夜地做这个项目，以赶 上最后期限。结合时间状语these days可知，用现在 进行时表现在一直正在进行的动作，本句的主语是 Professor Smith,along with his assistants,采取就远 原则，谓语动词要和前面的名词Professor Smith保 持一致，故使用单数形式。故填is working] 19.was[考查主谓一致。句意：黑暗大楼里的安静让 人害怕，当时听不见任何声音。No/every/each单数 and十no/every/each单数作主语时，谓语动词用单 数。有上句可知应用一般过去时，故填was。] 20.g0[考查主谓一致。句意：正如报纸所报道的那 样，挨饿的人的数量已经大大减少了。空格处属于 定语从句的谓语动词，要和关系代词wh0保持一致， 而关系代词who指代先行词people,这是复数名词， 所以使用复数形式，应用一般现在时，故填g0。] 21.that考查强调句的特殊疑问句。句意：我记不起 来是什么原因使老师允许玛丽提前下课。根据句意 和句中的what it was可知，该题是考查强调句的特 殊疑问句：疑问词十is(was)十it十that十句子的其他 成分，特殊疑问词即是被强调的成分，因为该强调句 作动词remember的宾语，所以用的陈述语序。故填 that .28 参考 22.comes [考查时态和主谓一致。句意： ChatGPT 在 社交媒体上像野火一样蔓延开来。然而， 紧随Chat GPT之后的是谷歌的Bard聊天机器人。此处在句 中作谓语， hot on the heels of Chat GPT(紧跟着 {ChatGPT}) 为句子状语，为了保持句子平衡，将状语 置于句首，用全部倒装，即将谓语动词提到主语前 面，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是 Google's Bard chatbot， 谓语动词应用三单形式， 故填 comes。] 23.were [考查时态和主谓一致。句意： 1267年，一位 欧洲作家提到了火药，1280年，西方出版了第一批火 药配方。空处为句子谓语动词， 主语recipes是复数， 且根据1280判断为一般过去时。故填were。] 24.helps [考查主谓一致。句意：他们说， 拥有大量种 类的植物还有助于防止可能的作物疾病和未来的危 机。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用 一般现在时， 主语having a large variety of plants看 作第三人称单数， 故填 helps。] .语法填空 [语篇解读] Sara 的英语很好，她向作者介绍了她们国 家的英语教学情况。 1.is [设空处表示现在的状态，故用一般现在时。] 2.learned/learnt [句意：我想知道她是怎么学它的。 learn在本句中表示过去的行为， 故用一般过去时。] 3.visited [根据本句中的last year可判断此处时态为 一般过去时。] 4.seemed [根据上下文语境可知， 设空处填seemed。] 5.are [根据“they are shy”的时态可推知本空也需要 用一般现在时。] 6.had learned/learnt [learn English for 10 yea s这一 动作先于first came to the US， 由此可知， 设空处表示 “过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。] 7.were [根据主句谓语动词 thought可知设空处应用 过去的某种时态， 设空处中的be与thought之间不存 在先后关系，故设空处的时态为一般过去时。] 8.were [根据后面的five years ago可推知设空处应该 用一般过去时。] 9.prefer [作者在说自己现在的情况，故用一般现 在时。] 10.taught [此处是对现在事实的假设， if从句的谓语 动词应为一般过去时。] .阅读理解 A.[语篇解读] 这是一篇记叙文。讲述了25岁的An a Victoria Espino成为世界上首位患有唐氏综合征的律师 的故事。她在墨西哥萨卡特卡斯自治大学法学院学习 五年后获得了法律学位，并打算利用自己的法律知识改 善残疾人的条件。尽管在申请大学时遇到了障碍，但她 得到了一位教授的帮助，完成了学业。 1.A [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段An a Victoria Espino的话：“I am fanatical about the law and I want to ensure all people who live with a disability can oc cup y decision-making spaces to contribute to impro ving their conditions.(我热衷于法律， 并希望确保所 有残障人士都能参与决策，以改善他们的生活条 件。)”可知，她希望帮助残疾人。] 2.C [细节理解题。根据文章第四段“However， the school's headmaster refused her application despite her excellent grades in the exam， because the school lacked the conditions for a person with Down syn 答案 答案 drome.(然而， 尽管她在考试中取得了优异的成绩， 学 校的校长还是拒绝了她的申请，因为学校缺乏接纳唐 氏综合征患者的条件。)”可知，她最初申请大学时被 学校拒绝了。] 3.C [词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“I am fanatical about the law and I want to ensure all people who live with a disability can occupy decision-making spaces to contribute to improving their conditions.(我fanatical 法律，并希望确保所有残障人士都能参与决策，以改 善他们的生活条件。)”可知作者希望确保所有残障人 士都能参与决策，以改善他们的生活条件，可以推测 出， 作者热衷于法律。所以“fanatical”的意思是“充满 热情的”。 的 4.D [推理判断题。根据第二段中“However， rather than defending people in the court of law， Espino aims to use her legal knowledge to improve conditions for people with disabilities.”以及最后一段“I am fa na tical about the law and I want to ensure all people who live with a disability can occupy decision-making spaces to contribute to improving their conditions.”可 知埃斯皮诺的目标不是在法庭上为人们辩护，而是利 用她的法律知识改善残疾人的生活条件，她热衷于法 律，并希望确保所有残障人士都能参与决策，以改善 他们的生活条件，可以推理出她是一个意志坚强且富 有爱心的人。 B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨了健身 追踪器是否真的能带来健康益处的问题。研究发现，虽 然健身追踪器能激励人们多运动，但并不能直接保证健 康效果的提升，关键在于是否达到足够的运动量。 5.C [细节理解题。根据第一段 According to new re search published in the American Journal of Medi- cine， using your fitness tracker regularly doesn't nec essarily lead to health benefits like lower blood pres sure or cholesterol levels. (《美国医学杂志》的新研究 指出，定期使用健身追踪器并不一定能带来如降低血 压或胆固醇水平等健康益处。)”可知，研究主要发现 健身追踪器可能无法确保健康益处。] 6.A [细节理解题。根据第三段“According to Ara Jo， Ph. D.， M. S.， study coauthor and clinical assistant professor at the University of Florida's College of Public Health and Health Professions， fitness track- ers may motivate people to move for a little while， but it may not be enough to make people exercise an amount that is significantly associated with health outcomes. (根据佛罗里达大学公共卫生与健康职业 学院临床助理教授、该研究合著者阿拉·乔博士兼硕 士的观点，健身追踪器或许能在短时间内激励人们活 动，但这可能不足以让人们达到与健康结果显著相关 的运动量。)”可知，Jo认为健身追踪器有帮助但作用 有限。] 7.C [推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you use your fit- ness tracker to help motivate you to meet the above criteria， then there's a good chance you'll get the health benefits that come with regular exercise. (如果 你使用健身追踪器激励自己达到上述标准，那么你很 可能会获得定期锻炼带来的健康益处。)”可知，文章 建议人们利用健身追踪器激励自己并达到足够的运 动量。] -29 英 8.B [主旨大意题。根据第一段“Chances are， you re， you probably use some sort of fitness tracker to log your runs， other workouts， and steps throughout your day. The more you use your fitness tracker， the bet ter your overall health is， right?Well， sort of. (很可 能，你或许会使用某种健身追踪器来记录你的跑步、 其他锻炼以及全天的步数。你使用健身追踪器越频 繁，整体健康状况就越好，对吗?嗯，算是吧。)”以及 全文内容可知，全文围绕“健身追踪器是否能真正使 人更健康”展开，通过研究数据和专家观点探讨其激 励作用与实际健康效果之间的关系。因此，B选项“健 身追踪器真的能让你更健康吗?”是最佳标题。] Ⅳ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些 培养乐观精神，改变我们思维习惯的方法。 1.F [根据上文“People perceive happiness differently， with some seeing...comprises positive emotions and life satisfaction.(人们对幸福的看法不同， 有些人看到 的是半满的杯子，而有些人看到的是半空的杯子。社 会心理学家Sonja Lyu bo mirsky解释说， 幸福包括积 极的情绪和生活满意度。) ”以及后文“Can you change your set range to be a...tend to have such certain habits.”可知， 上文提到人们对幸福的看法不同， 有些 人看到的是半满的杯子，而有些人看到的是半空的杯 子， 且社会心理学家Sonja Lyu bo mirsky解释说， 幸福 包括积极的情绪和对生活的满意度，由此可说明研究 者又回到了半满杯子还是半空杯子这个问题上。故F 选项“研究人员面临的问题又回到了半满杯子还是半 空杯子的问题。”符合语境。] 2.G [根据后文 On the contrary， try something as casual and relaxing as completing a group project at the office or enjoying a hobby with your partner.(相 反，尝试一些随意和放松的事情，比如在办公室完成 一个小组项目，或者和你的同伴一起享受一个爱 好。)”可知，后文提到了相反的做法是尝试一些随意 和放松的事情，推测本句是在说明从事冒险活动。故 G选项“你不必参加高风险的网球比赛或攀登珠穆朗 玛峰。”符合语境。] 3.A [根据后文“When it comes to your happiness lev el， personal relationships have...a relationship in need of strengthening， and invest time and energy in healing， cultivating and enjoying it.”可知， 这一整段 的大意是经营一段良好的人际关系可以提升人的幸 福感， 与A选项“Manage your circles.”这一段落主题 句构成解释关系。故A选项“管理好你的圈子。”符合 语境。] 4.C [根据上文“Lyu bo mirsky said'pick a relationship in need of strengthening， and invest time and energy in healing， cultivating and enjoying it.'(柳博米尔斯 基说：“选择一段需要加强的关系，投入时间和精力来 修复、培养和享受它。”)”可知，上文建议投入一段需 要加强的关系， 即对关系投入， C选项中的代词 this 指代的就是前一句话的内容，这个小小的投资会带来 长远的影响。故C选项“这个小投资可能带来很大的 影响。”符合语境。] 5.D [根据上文“Practice random acts of kindness and express gratitude. Take a moment...a greater sense of interconnectedness with the world， Lyu bo mirsky 答案 语 said.”以及后文“And， in turn， the benefit helps nur- ture your own self-esteem and help get you through the rest of the day or week.”可知， 横线前一句的内容 是表达做好事所能带来的益处，横线后一句中的in turn以及 helps这两个词说明横线部分依旧在表达做 好事所能带来的益处，前后句构成层层递进的关系。 D选项中的also也印证了答案。故D选项“它也给别 人带来快乐，让他们更喜欢你。”符合语境。] 专题十二情态动词十虚拟语气 I. 单句语法填空 1.Must [句意：吉米， 你非要弄出这么大的噪音吗?你 妹妹还在睡觉。由语境可知，此处表示说话人的不 满， must意为“偏要， 非要……不可”， 符合语境。故填 Must。] 2.have been [句意：许多实验室现在使用超级计算机 进行过去不可能实现的实验。根据句意可知，此处 couldn't表示推测， 意为“不可能”。再根据时间状语 in the past可知， 此处表示“过去不可能”， 应该用 couldn't have done， 故填have been。] 3.(should) be paid [句意：在办公室例行会议上， 校长 坚持要特别注意提到的问题。insist意为“坚决要求” 时， 其引导的宾语从句应用虚拟语气(should) do。且 宾语从句的主语the problems 和 pay是被动关系， 故 填(should) be paid。] 4.had attended [句意：我希望我昨天参加了会议， 这样 我就不必再补上(会议内容) 了。wish后的宾语从句 要用虚拟语气。再根据时间状语yesterday 可知， 此 处是对过去情况的虚拟， 故填had attended。] 5.had seen [句意：他谈起埃菲尔铁塔， 就好像他亲眼 见过似的。as if引导的状语从句表述不真实的或极 少有可能发生或存在的情况时，应用虚拟语气。根据 talked可知， 此处表示与过去事实相反， 故填 had seen。] 6.had walked [句意：消防队员未能救出狗的主人， 因 为如果他们踏上淤泥的话，他们也会沉下去。此处是 if引导的非真实条件句，应用虚拟语气；与过去的事实 相反， 从句应用过去完成时， 故填had walked。] 7.be taught [句意：孩子们必须被教会如何处理危险 的情况。从句主语( Chil dren和teach之间为被动关 系， 应用被动语态， 且设空处位于情态动词 must后， 应用“ “be+ 过去分词”形式， 故填be taught。] 8.were [句意：如果我在束埔寨的家里， 我就不得不出 门。根据主句的谓语 would have to go可知， 此处是 非真实条件句，与现在的事实相反，从句用一般过去 时， be动词一般用were， 故填 $$W e r e _ { 0 } \right]$$ 9.had [句意：对不起， 我现在太忙了。如果有时间我 肯定会和你一起去看电影。本句中If引导的从句表 示对现在的情况进行假设， 主句用“would+动词原 形”， 从句用一般过去时， 故填had。] 10.shall [句意：根据当地法律， 未经许可任何人不得 进入这个建筑工地。根据law可知， 此处应用shall， 表示按照规则或法律规定，“务必，一定”。故填 shall。] 11.will [考查情态动词。句意：如果你愿意帮助我们， 我们将不胜感激。will表示意愿。故填 $$w i l l _ { 0 } \right]$$ -30