2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十六（C篇）

2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十六（C篇）及答案详解 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一. （2026·河北邯郸·一模） Scientists have discovered six species of cushion (垫) plants growing at a record-breaking height on Mount Shukule Ⅱ in the Ladakh region of India. These plants were found on a small, rocky area no larger than a football field, and they are more resistant to cold and dry conditions than most plants. The research team, led by Jiri Dolezal from the Czech Academy of Sciences, studied how plants respond to climate warming in this remote area. Reaching the site required a five-day journey from the nearest road, and the scientists suffered from sickness and extreme tiredness. In contrast, the plants themselves were well adapted to the cold and dry environment. Each plant was very small, about the size of a coin, and contained a high amount of sugar that acted like natural antifreeze. Their leaves grew in a circular shape, helping them trap warm air and survive long, freezing winters. Although their roots were tiny, one root showed about 20 growth rings, suggesting that the plant had survived there for nearly two decades. Climate change has warmed the Himalayas, allowing plants to grow higher as glaciers (冰川) retreat. Dolezal estimates that during the short growing season, temperatures in this area have risen by about 6℃ over the past decade. Plants need at least 40 frost-free days each year to grow, and such conditions are now appearing in the Himalayas. “I’m surprised at the elevation — it’s very high,” says Jan Salick, a botanist at Missouri Botanical Garden in St Louis. But she is encouraged that plants may be able to move to higher altitudes than previously thought, and keep up with climate change. As part of the research, she has found alpine (高山的) plants in the Himalayas moving upwards at 0.06 metres a year, while the temperature band they usually occupy is outpacing them by rising at 6 metres a year. The fear is that the temperature increase is encouraging the tree line to rise too, which could reduce the space available for alpine plants. 1．What is a feature of the cushion plants? A．They depend on the fairly fertile soil. B．They spread widely across the mountain. C．They can tolerate cold and dryness. D．They grow faster than other alpine plants. 2．What does the author intend to illustrate about the cushion plants in paragraph 3? A．How scientists discovered their habitat. B．How they survive in the tough conditions. C．How climate change impacts their distribution. D．How they pose a threat to local species. 3．Why are plants likely to grow even higher in the Himalayas? A．Seeds are spreading more easily. B．Mountain soils are becoming richer. C．Their frost-free growing periods are extending. D．Glaciers at the height are appearing in large numbers. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Climate Change Helps Plants Grow Higher B．Record-breaking Plants Were Found in the Himalayas C．Cushion Plants Are the Most Resistant Plants in the World D．Alpine Plants Face a Serious Survival Problem in the Himalayas 二. （2026·安徽合肥·一模） A new major study suggests that maintaining healthy eating habits in midlife is linked to better aging in later years. Conducted by researchers from Harvard, the University of Copenhagen, and the University of Montreal, this study does not just focus on living a long life. Instead, it looks at “healthy aging,” which is defined as living to age 70 or older without major chronic diseases while maintaining good cognitive, physical, and mental health. The team observed over 105,000 female and male health professionals in midlife for 30 years. Participants regularly completed detailed dietary questionnaires. The researchers scored these answers based on eight different healthy dietary patterns. These patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet or the DASH diet, generally encourage high intakes of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, while limiting red and processed meats. They also carefully examined the amount of ultra-processed foods participants consumed. The results are promising. A total of 9.3% of the population aged healthily. Overall, those who stuck to any of these healthy dietary patterns were more likely to age well. The top performer was the AHEI diet. People with high scores were much more likely to live past 70 in good health than those with low scores. Another strong option was the PHDI, which emphasizes plant-based foods while considering planetary health. In contrast, eating too much processed meat and sugary drinks lowered the chances of healthy aging. The researchers emphasize that there is no “one-size-fits-all” diet. Healthy diets can be adapted to fit individual needs and preferences. The main goal is to eat mostly plant-based foods with a moderate inclusion of healthy animal products. This flexibility helps people maintain an independent and active quality of life as they age, which is a priority for both individuals and public health. However, the study has some limitations. The participants were all health professionals, meaning their socioeconomic status and education levels might be higher than average. To apply the results more widely, future studies should repeat the research in populations with more diverse backgrounds. 5．How does the study define “healthy aging”? A．By living a long life without any illnesses. B．By maintaining physical and mental health at 70. C．By following a strict diet plan in midlife. D．By avoiding animal-based foods totally. 6．What is a common feature of the recommended dietary patterns? A．They are high in red meat intake. B．They strictly exclude all dairy products. C．They encourage eating more plant-based foods. D．They focus mainly on environmental protection. 7．What does the author suggest about healthy diets? A．They require people to eat the same foods. B．They can be adapted to individual needs. C．They are difficult to follow for young people. D．They are better than medicine for diseases. 8．Why does the author mention the study’s limitation? A．To prove the study is unscientific. B．To suggest the need for more diverse subjects. C．To show health professionals eat poorly. D．To indicate the diet is harmful. 三. （2026·四川成都·二模） By age 2, most kids know how to play pretend. They turn their bedrooms into faraway castles and hold make-believe tea parties. The ability to make something out of nothing may seem uniquely human. Now, for the first time, an experiment hints that an ape (猿) living under human care can have an imagination. Kanzi is an ape who was raised in a lab and became a star at communicating with humans using graphic symbols. Scientists wondered whether Kanzi had the capacity to play pretend — that is, act like something is real while knowing it’s not. They adapted the playbook for studying young children to stage a juice party for Kanzi. They poured imaginary juice into two cups and then pretended to empty just one. They asked Kanzi which cup he wanted, and he pointed to the cup still containing pretend juice 68% of the time. To make sure Kanzi wasn’t confusing real with fake (假的), they also ran a test with actual juice. “Kanzi chose the real juice over the pretend almost 80% of the time, which suggests that he really can tell the difference between real juice and imaginary juice,” said Amalia Bastos, a study co-author from the University of St. Andrews in Scotland. But not all scientists are convinced that Kanzi is playing pretend as humans do. “There’s a difference between imagining juice being poured into a cup and maintaining the pretense that it’s real,” said Duke University comparative psychologist Michael Tomasello. “To be convinced of that, I would need to see Kanzi actually pretend to pour water into a container himself,” Tomasello wrote in an email. Many great ape species in the wild are critically endangered, and it’ll take more research to understand what their minds are capable of. “Kanzi opened this path for a lot of future studies,” Bastos said. 9．What was Kanzi asked to do in the first test? A．To read a playbook. B．To choose a certain cup. C．To pour imaginary juice. D．To identify graphic symbols. 10．Why did scientists experiment with real juice on Kanzi? A．To prove Kanzi has emotions. B．To explore Kanzi’s preference for juice. C．To confirm Kanzi can tell real from fake. D．To train Kanzi’s ability to make choices. 11．What does Michael Tomasello probably agree with? A．Imagination equals pretense. B．Kanzi represents ape intelligence. C．Kanzi may not have an imagination. D．This experiment benefits future studies. 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Kanzi: A Good Ape Pretender. B．The Mystery of Ape Imagination Solved. C．The Mind of a Human-Raised Ape Revealed. D．A Pretend Juice Party: Ape Imagination Tested. 四. （2026·四川成都·二模） A computer that relies on fungal (真菌的) networks to store information could one day be an alternative to the current generation of memory devices, according to research published in PLOS One. Scientists have built working memristors (忆阻器) — circuitry elements that “remember” their past electrical activity — from the root-like part of a mushroom called the mycelium. The result is a memristor with performance comparable to that of a silicon-based chip, but it has its own benefits in ways many computer components today do not. “Being able to develop microchips that act like real brain cells means you don’t need a lot of power when the machine isn’t being used,” says lead researcher John LaRocco of Ohio State University. “That can bring a huge potential advantage.” Scientists have thought about using mushrooms as computer parts, mostly because fungal networks work in ways similar to neural systems. They have a similar structure. And they send information using electrical and chemical signals, just like a brain. But the fact that they aren’t actually brains means some engineering is needed to make them do what scientists need them to do. The team grew the mushroom mycelium under controlled conditions. Then they dried the samples in sunlight to ensure long-term stability. Finally, they connected them to a circuit to test their performance. “We would connect electrical wires at different points on the mushrooms,” LaRocco says. “Depending on the voltage (电压) and connectivity, we were seeing different performances.” The researchers achieved a performance of 5,850 Hertz, with an accuracy of 90 percent from their mushroom memristor - that is, it switches signals at a speed of about 5,850 times per second. The researchers also found that as the electrical voltage increased, the mushroom’s performance decreased. They were able to fix it by adding more mushrooms to the circuit. You’re not going to have a mycelial computer any time soon. Still, the findings do suggest that this is a promising path for future research. As the researchers note in their paper, “The future of computing could be fungal.” 13．What can be learned about working memristors built from mycelium? A．They are shaped like real mushrooms. B．They need less power when not working. C．They perform much better than traditional chips. D．They have become a new way to store information. 14．Why do scientists choose mushrooms as computer components? A．They have brain-like working networks. B．They can process information like humans. C．They grow quickly in controlled conditions. D．They can work with electrical signals alone. 15．What do the findings on mushroom memristors show? A．Higher voltage improves accuracy. B．Connectivity has no influence on results. C．They remain stable when voltage changes. D．Network expansion improves their performance. 16．What is the text mainly about? A．Challenges of creating biological computer chips. B．Advantages of mushroom-based memory devices. C．A comparison between fungal and neural networks. D．A breakthrough in developing bio-computing components. 五. （2026·贵州遵义·二模） Landuo Biotech, a company based in Wuhan, Hubei province, has recently developed a new type of bamboo-like grass called the “super giant reed”(超级芦竹). Designed as an improved version of the regular giant reed, this plant is a promising renewable resource. The super giant reed includes more than 40 varieties. Since 2012, the company has collected over 1,000 samples of wild giant reed germplasms(种质). Using this collection and a specialized gene database for applications such as biofuels, the company carried out several years of targeted breeding(育种). “We create specific growing and nutrient conditions for each variety,” said Song Xin, general manager of Landuo Biotech. “Since the giant reed does not produce seeds, we breed it by cloning cells.” Thanks to careful cultivation, the new reed has three times the biomass of wild giant reeds. In other words, it contains significantly more renewable organic material that can either be burned directly for heat or converted (转化) into fuel through different processes. The reed’s calorific (热量的) value ranges between 4,000 and 4,500 kilocalories per kilogram — about two-thirds of that of standard coal — giving them the potential to replace fossil fuels. The reed’s high yield further boosts its potential. According to the company, planting 13,000 hectares of super giant reed is equivalent to creating a green coal mine with an annual output of 0.45 to 1.5 million tons. “Super giant reed can replace coal in power generation, chemicals, construction materials and civil heating,” Song said. “This will not only reduce fuel and material costs for enterprises but also help lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.” Estimates suggest that growing 40 million hectares of super giant reed could replace 2.2 billion tons of coal used for power production in China, cutting carbon dioxide emissions by 4 billion tons. The green energy industry could generate 250 million yuan per year. Wang Fan, deputy secretary-general of the China Energy Research Society, noted that each ton of super giant reed absorbs 1.7 tons of CO2 from the air — 25 to 50 times more than the average absorption rate of forests in China. “Super giant reed is one of the strongest carbon capturers in the plant world,” he said. 17．What is Landuo Biotech’s key breeding method? A．Extracting seeds for selective breeding. B．Storing 40 reed varieties in a gene database. C．Cross-breeding wild reed varieties nationwide. D．Giving each variety tailored growth conditions. 18．What can we learn about the super giant reed from the passage? A．It has higher organic matter output. B．It can produce seeds to breed itself naturally. C．Its calorific value is higher than that of standard coal. D．It has been widely planted across China to replace coal. 19．Why is the super giant reed considered a promising renewable resource? A．It can be used to produce only biofuels. B．It has a high yield and can replace fossil fuels. C．It is the strongest carbon capturer in the plant world. D．It requires no specific growing or nutrient conditions. 20．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce a new method of cloning plant cells. B．To explain the process of targeted breeding of giant reeds. C．To advocate for the immediate replacement of all fossil fuels. D．To present a new renewable resource and its environmental benefits. 六. （25-26高三下·河北衡水·月考） Ancient granite (花岗岩) rocks reveal a vast hidden structure beneath Pine Island Glacier (冰川), reshaping understanding of Antarctic ice flow. This buried body is nearly 100 kilometers in width and reaches approximately 7 kilometers in thickness, making it roughly half the size of Wales in the UK, Researchers have long wondered how the rocks arrived there and what they might reveal about the history and future behavior of the Antarctic ice sheet. A research team led by the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) analyzed the granites by measuring how radioactive materials inside changed over time. Their results showed that the rocks formed around 175 million years ago during the Jurassic period. Even so, the process that carried these rocks to their current locations remained unclear until scientists gathered new data from the air. High resolution gravity measurements collected by the BAS’s aircraft detected an unusual signal beneath the glacier. This signal closely matched what scientists would expect from a large granite body buried deep below the ice. Connecting the surface rocks to this hidden granite mass has provided a major advance. It resolves a long-standing geological puzzle and offers important insight into how Pine Island Glacier behaved in the past, when a much thicker ice sheet was capable of tearing rocks from the bed and leaving them high in the surrounding mountains. Reconstructing ice thickness and flow patterns during the last ice age (around 20,000 years ago) allows researchers to improve ice sheet computer models, which are essential for forecasting how Antarctica may respond to ongoing climate change. The discovery also sheds light on present-day processes. Beneath Pine Island Glacier, a region that has seen some of the fastest ice loss in Antarctica in the last few decades, the geology strongly influences how ice slides over the bed and how meltwater (融水) flows beneath it. The new findings will help improve computer models of ice flow that are used to project sea level rise. 21．How did researchers identify the hidden granite structure? A．By digging under glaciers. B．By studying surface mountains. C．By tracking meltwater flow. D．By using plane-collected gravity data. 22．How was the last ice age Antarctic ice sheet different from today? A．It melted much faster. B．It proved much more radioactive. C．It flowed more slowly. D．It possessed a greater thickness. 23．What does the underlined phrase “sheds light on” in paragraph 6 probably mean? A．Makes clear of. B．Gives rise to. C．Casts doubt on. D．Reduces the speed of. 24．What’s the significance of the new findings? A．Discovering new mineral resources under glaciers. B．Advancing ice flow modeling for climate predictions. C．Revealing unknown earth movements in Jurassic period. D．Proving the accuracy of air-based gravity measurements. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 《2026届高三英语各地模考或重点中学（联考）阅读专项训练十六（C篇）及答案详解》参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 C B C B B C B B B C 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 C D B A D D D A B D 题号 21 22 23 24 答案 D D A B 一. 1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 【难度】0.51 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家在喜马拉雅地区发现了6种生长在破纪录高海拔的垫状植物，介绍了这些植物的特性，分析气候变化对植物高海拔迁徙的影响以及科学家对此现象的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These plants were found on a small, rocky area no larger than a football field, and they are more resistant to cold and dry conditions than most plants.(这些植物被发现长在一个不比足球场大的小岩石区域，它们比大多数植物更能抵抗寒冷和干燥的条件。)”可知，垫状植物比多数植物更耐受寒冷干旱环境。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“In contrast, the plants themselves were well adapted to the cold and dry environment. Each plant was very small, about the size of a coin, and contained a high amount of sugar that acted like natural antifreeze. Their leaves grew in a circular shape, helping them trap warm air and survive long, freezing winters. Although their roots were tiny, one root showed about 20 growth rings, suggesting that the plant had survived there for nearly two decades.(相比之下，这些植物本身很好地适应了寒冷干燥的环境。每株植物都很小，大约有一枚硬币那么大，含有大量的糖，这些糖就像天然防冻剂一样。它们的叶子呈圆形生长，有助于它们捕获温暖的空气，在漫长而寒冷的冬天生存下来。尽管它们的根很小，但其中一根显示出大约20个生长轮，这表明这种植物在那里存活了近二十年。)”可知，本段开头说这些植物能够很好地适应寒冷干燥的环境，随后从植株大小、天然防冻的高糖分、聚热的叶片形态、长期存活的根系特点等多个方面，介绍了垫状植物如何适应恶劣的高海拔环境，即说明它们如何在艰苦条件存活。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Climate change has warmed the Himalayas, allowing plants to grow higher as glaciers (冰川) retreat.(气候变化使喜马拉雅山脉变暖，随着冰川的退缩，植物得以生长得更高。)”和“Plants need at least 40 frost-free days each year to grow, and such conditions are now appearing in the Himalayas.(植物每年至少需要40天的无霜期才能生长，喜马拉雅山脉现在也出现了这种情况。)”可知，植物每年至少需要40天的无霜期才能生长，而气候变暖让喜马拉雅山脉气温升高，高海拔地区的无霜生长期变长，满足了植物生长的需求，因此植物才能在更高的地方生长。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Scientists have discovered six species of cushion (垫) plants growing at a record-breaking height on Mount Shukule Ⅱ in the Ladakh region of India.(科学家在印度拉达克地区的Shukule Ⅱ山上发现了六种生长在破纪录高度的垫状植物。)”可知，本文主要围绕科学家在破纪录高海拔地区发现的垫状植物展开，介绍了这些植物的特性，分析气候变化对植物高海拔迁徙的影响以及科学家对此现象的看法。因此B项“喜马拉雅山脉发现了破纪录植物”最适合作本文标题。故选B。 二. 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．B 【难度】0.75 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究表明中年保持健康饮食习惯与晚年更好地衰老相关。研究对“健康衰老”进行了定义，并通过观察超10.5万名中年健康专业人员30年得出结论，即坚持健康饮食模式更易实现健康衰老，同时指出研究存在参与者均为健康专业人员这一局限性。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“Instead, it looks at “healthy aging,” which is defined as living to age 70 or older without major chronic diseases while maintaining good cognitive, physical, and mental health. (相反，它关注的是“健康衰老”，其定义为活到70岁或更年长，没有重大慢性疾病，同时保持良好的认知、身体和心理健康)”可知，该研究对“健康衰老”的定义是在70岁时保持身体和心理健康，故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“These patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet or the DASH diet, generally encourage high intakes of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats, while limiting red and processed meats.(这些模式，如地中海饮食或得舒饮食，通常鼓励大量摄入水果、蔬菜、全谷物和健康脂肪，同时限制红肉和加工肉类)”可知，推荐的饮食模式的一个共同特征是鼓励多吃植物性食物，故选C项。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段“The researchers emphasize that there is no “one-size-fits-all” diet. Healthy diets can be adapted to fit individual needs and preferences.(研究人员强调，没有“一刀切”的饮食。健康饮食可以适应个人需求和偏好)”可知，作者认为健康饮食可以适应个人需求，故选B项。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The participants were all health professionals, meaning their socioeconomic status and education levels might be higher than average. To apply the results more widely, future studies should repeat the research in populations with more diverse backgrounds.(参与者都是健康专业人员，这意味着他们的社会经济地位和教育水平可能高于平均水平。为了更广泛地应用这些结果，未来的研究应该在更多样化背景的人群中重复这项研究)”可知，作者提到研究的局限性是为了表明需要更多样化的研究对象，故选B项。 三. 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．D 【难度】0.74 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家以假想果汁派对测试猿Kanzi，发现它或能区分真假果汁、具备假装能力，但部分科学家对此存疑，该研究也为后续猿类心智研究开辟了方向。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They adapted the playbook for studying young children to stage a juice party for Kanzi. They poured imaginary juice into two cups and then pretended to empty just one. They asked Kanzi which cup he wanted, and he pointed to the cup still containing pretend juice 68% of the time.( 他们往两个杯子里倒入想象中的果汁，然后假装只喝掉了其中一个。他们让Kanzi选择他想要的杯子，而他有 68% 的时候都会指向那个还装有假果汁的杯子。)”可知，在第一次测试中，Kanzi被要求选择一个特定的杯子。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段中“To make sure Kanzi wasn’t confusing real with fake (假的), they also ran a test with actual juice.( 为了确保Kanzi不会将真实的果汁与假的果汁混淆，他们还进行了一项使用真实果汁的测试。)”可知，科学家用真实果汁做实验，是为了确认Kanzi能够区分真实与假想的果汁，排除它混淆真假的可能。故选C项。 11．推理判断题。根据第四段“But not all scientists are convinced that Kanzi is playing pretend as humans do. “There’s a difference between imagining juice being poured into a cup and maintaining the pretense that it’s real,” said Duke University comparative psychologist Michael Tomasello. “To be convinced of that, I would need to see Kanzi actually pretend to pour water into a container himself,” Tomasello wrote in an email.( 但并非所有科学家都相信Kanzi像人类一样在进行假装行为。杜克大学的比较心理学家迈克尔·托马塞洛说：“想象把果汁倒入杯子与维持果汁是真实的这一假象之间是有区别的。要确信这一点，我需要看到Kanzi自己真的假装把水倒入容器里。”托马塞洛在一封电子邮件中写道。)”可知，该科学家并不认可Kanzi具备人类式的假装与想象力，认为现有实验不足以证明，因此他认同“Kanzi 或许没有想象力”。故选C项。 12．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“By age 2, most kids know how to play pretend. They turn their bedrooms into faraway castles and hold make-believe tea parties. The ability to make something out of nothing may seem uniquely human. Now, for the first time, an experiment hints that an ape (猿) living under human care can have an imagination.( 在两岁的时候，大多数孩子就已经会玩角色扮演游戏了。他们会把自己的卧室布置成遥远的城堡，并举办假想的茶会。能够凭空创造出事物这一能力似乎是人类所独有的。而现在，一项实验首次表明，一只生活在人类照料下的猿类也能拥有想象力。)”可知，全文核心是通过假想果汁派对来测试人工饲养的猿Kanzi是否拥有想象力，并呈现了科学界的不同观点，由此可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是“一场假扮的果汁派对：猿类想象力的测试”。故选D项。 四. 13．B 14．A 15．D 16．D 【难度】0.71 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家利用蘑菇菌丝体制造忆阻器的研究，及其性能、研究过程和未来应用前景。 13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Being able to develop microchips that act like real brain cells means you don’t need a lot of power when the machine isn’t being used,” says lead researcher John LaRocco of Ohio State University.(俄亥俄州立大学的首席研究员约翰·拉罗科说：“能够开发出像真正脑细胞一样工作的微芯片，意味着机器不使用时不需要消耗大量电力。”)可知，由菌丝体制成的工作忆阻器在不工作时需要的电力更少。故选B项。 14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Scientists have thought about using mushrooms as computer parts, mostly because fungal networks work in ways similar to neural systems. They have a similar structure. And they send information using electrical and chemical signals, just like a brain.(科学家们一直考虑将蘑菇用作计算机部件，主要是因为真菌网络的工作方式与神经系统相似。它们有相似的结构。而且它们像大脑一样使用电信号和化学信号发送信息)”可知，科学家选择蘑菇作为计算机部件是因为它们有类似大脑的工作网络。故选A项。 15．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“The researchers also found that as the electrical voltage increased, the mushroom’s performance decreased. They were able to fix it by adding more mushrooms to the circuit.(研究人员还发现，随着电压的增加，蘑菇的性能会下降。他们通过在电路中添加更多蘑菇解决了这个问题)”可知，蘑菇忆阻器的研究结果表明，扩展网络（添加更多蘑菇）能改善其性能。故选D项。 16．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“A computer that relies on fungal networks to store information could one day be an alternative to the current generation of memory devices, according to research published in PLOS One.(根据发表在《公共科学图书馆·综合》上的一项研究，依靠真菌网络存储信息的计算机有一天可能成为当前一代存储设备的替代方案)”及全文对蘑菇菌丝体忆阻器的研究、性能的介绍可知，本文主要介绍了生物计算部件研发的一项突破。故选D项。 五. 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．D 【难度】0.85 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了武汉Landuo生物研发的超级芦竹，讲述其培育方式、高产高热值的特点，说明它可替代煤炭、降低碳排放、环保效益显著，是极具潜力的可再生资源。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“‘We create specific growing and nutrient conditions for each variety,’ said Song Xin, general manager of Landuo Biotech. ‘Since the giant reed does not produce seeds, we breed it by cloning cells.’(“我们为每种品种都制定了特定的生长和营养条件，”兰多生物科技公司的总经理宋欣说道，“由于这种超级芦竹不结种子，所以我们是通过细胞克隆的方式来培育它的。”)”可知，在培育过程中，Landuo生物技术公司为每种品种制定特定的生长和营养条件，即，量身定制型培育。由此可知，育种关键是为每个品种提供量身定制的生长条件。故选D项。 18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thanks to careful cultivation, the new reed has three times the biomass of wild giant reeds. In other words, it contains significantly more renewable organic material that can either be burned directly for heat or converted into fuel through different processes.(由于精心培育，这种新型芦竹的生物量是野生巨型芦苇的三倍。换句话说，它含有大量可再生的有机物质，这些物质既可以直接燃烧获取热量，也可以通过不同的工艺转化为燃料。)”可知，超级芦竹的生物质是野生芦苇的三倍，含有更多可再生有机物质。故选A项。 19．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The reed’s high yield further boosts its potential.(这种芦苇的高产特性进一步提升了其应用潜力。)”以及“‘Super giant reed can replace coal in power generation, chemicals, construction materials and civil heating,’ Song said. ‘This will not only reduce fuel and material costs for enterprises but also help lower carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.’(宋表示：“超级芦竹能够替代煤炭用于发电、化工生产、建筑材料制造以及民用供暖。这不仅会降低企业的燃料和材料成本，还有助于减少二氧化碳排放量。”)”可知，超级芦竹产量高，有潜力替代化石燃料，还能降低碳排放。由此推知，“超级芦竹产量高，并且有替代化石燃料的潜力，是很有前景的可再生资源”是被看好的原因。故选B项。 20．推理判断题。根据文章首段“Landuo Biotech, a company based in Wuhan, Hubei province, has recently developed a new type of bamboo-like grass called the ‘super giant reed’. Designed as an improved version of the regular giant reed, this plant is a promising renewable resource.(位于湖北省武汉市的兰多生物科技公司近期研发出了一种类似竹子的新型草类，名为“超级巨型芦苇”。这种植物是普通巨型芦苇的改良品种，是一种极具潜力的可再生资源。)”可知，文章主要围绕“超级巨型芦苇”这一新可再生资源讲述，并在后文详细讲述了它在替代煤炭、减少碳排放、吸收二氧化碳等方面的环保优势，由此推知，文章主要目的就是介绍一种新型可再生资源及其环境效益。故选D项。 六. 21．D 22．D 23．A 24．B 【难度】0.85 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家通过研究花岗岩发现南极冰川下隐藏结构及其对理解冰川历史和未来气候预测的意义。 21．细节理解题。根据第三段“High resolution gravity measurements collected by the BAS’s aircraft detected an unusual signal beneath the glacier. This signal closely matched what scientists would expect from a large granite body buried deep below the ice. (英国南极调查局的飞机收集的高分辨率重力测量数据在冰川下检测到一个不寻常的信号。这个信号与科学家预期的深埋在冰层下的大型花岗岩体非常吻合。)”可知，研究人员是通过飞机收集的重力数据识别出隐藏的花岗岩结构的。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据第四段“It resolves a long-standing geological puzzle and offers important insight into how Pine Island Glacier behaved in the past, when a much thicker ice sheet was capable of tearing rocks from the bed and leaving them high in the surrounding mountains. (它解决了一个长期存在的地质难题，并提供了重要的见解，以了解松岛冰川在过去的行为，当时，更厚的冰盖能够从冰床上撕裂岩石，并将它们留在周围的高山上。)”可知，上一个冰河时代的南极冰盖比现在更厚。故选D。 23．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“The discovery also sheds light on present-day processes. Beneath Pine Island Glacier, a region that has seen some of the fastest ice loss in Antarctica in the last few decades, the geology strongly influences how ice slides over the bed and how meltwater (融水) flows beneath it The new findings will help improve computer models of ice flow that are used to project sea level rise. (这一发现也shed light on当今的过程。松岛冰川是过去几十年来南极洲冰流失最快的地区之一。在松岛冰川下，地质条件强烈影响着冰层如何滑动以及冰水如何在冰层下流动。新发现将有助于改进用于预测海平面上升的冰流计算机模型。)”可知，新发现有助于理解当前冰川下的过程，从而改进冰流模型，由此推知，新发现使当前冰川下的过程变得清楚，shed light on在此处意为“使清楚，阐明”，与Makes clear of意义相近。故选A。 24．细节理解题。根据第五段“Reconstructing ice thickness and flow patterns during the last ice age (around 20,000 years ago) allows researchers to improve ice sheet computer models, which are essential for forecasting how Antarctica may respond to ongoing climate change. (通过重建上一个冰河时代（大约2万年前）的冰层厚度和流动模式，研究人员可以改进冰盖计算机模型，这对于预测南极洲如何应对当前的气候变化至关重要。)”可知，新发现有助于推进气候预测的冰流建模。故选B。 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $