期中复习之七选五15篇（期中热点话题）-2025-2026学年高二英语下学期期中复习（人教版）

期中复习之七选五15篇 （期中热点话题） 内容导航 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练：主要分为以下三个热点话题 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 3. 人与自然 每个话题对应五篇专项练习 人与自我 Passage 1 Ways to Manage Everyday Stress Life can be stressful at times. 1 . But you can make it a goal to keep everyday stress at low levels. If you want to get better at managing everyday stress, here are things that can help you: Balance work and play. Make time to work on your tasks and goals. But be sure to make time for things you enjoy, too. Even if it’s only a few minutes, daily time to relax and recharge lowers your stress. Plan your day. Use a calendar or planning app to keep track of your daily schedule. Fill in your class times, tests, and when assignments are due. Add your activities. 2                                                                                    Stick to your plan. Of course, planning is no good if you don’t do what you plan. 3 Check off what you’ve done. Get ready for what’s coming up. This lowers daily schoolwork stress. Ask for help when you need it. 4 Keeping on top of it all isn’t always easy. If you need help preparing for tests, planning projects, or getting things done, ask a teacher, parent, tutor, or mentor to coach you. Deal with problems as they come up. Don’t ignore everyday problems — but don’t stress out about them either. 5 If you’re not sure what to do, ask for help and advice from others. A．You can’t avoid stress. B．It can motivate you toward your goals. C．Instead, figure out how to handle them. D．Having a plan and a daily routine lowers stress. E．Make it a routine to look at your planner every day. F．At times, a small surge of stress can be a positive thing. G．Schoolwork, grades, and tests are a big source of stress for many people. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．E 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍应对日常压力的几种方法，包括平衡作息、规划日程、坚持计划、主动求助和及时处理问题。 1．根据前文“Life can be stressful at times.(生活有时会充满压力。)”以及后文“But you can make it a goal to keep everyday stress at low levels.(但你可以设定目标将日常压力控制在低水平。)”可知，前文提出压力无法避免，后文转折说明可以控制压力，A选项“You can’t avoid stress.(你无法避免压力。)”承接前后文，符合语境。故选A项。 2．根据前文“Use a calendar or planning app to keep track of your daily schedule. Fill in your class times, tests, and when assignments are due. Add your activities.(使用日历或规划应用记录日常日程。填写上课时间、考试和作业截止日期，加上你的活动。)”可知，前文介绍规划日程的具体做法，此空应说明规划的好处，D选项“Having a plan and a daily routine lowers stress.(有计划和日常惯例能减轻压力。)”总结前文做法的作用，符合语境。故选D项。 3．根据前文“Of course, planning is no good if you don’t do what you plan.(当然，如果你不执行计划，规划就没有用。)”以及后文“Check off what you’ve done. Get ready for what’s coming up.(勾选已完成的事项，为接下来的事做准备。)”可知，前文强调要执行计划，此空应给出坚持计划的具体做法，E选项“Make it a routine to look at your planner every day.(养成每天查看规划表的习惯。)”承接前文，给出执行计划的方法，符合语境。故选E项。 4．根据后文“Keeping on top of it all isn’t always easy. If you need help preparing for tests, planning projects, or getting things done, ask a teacher, parent, tutor, or mentor to coach you.(掌控这一切并不容易。如果你需要备考、规划项目或完成任务的帮助，向老师、家长、家教或导师求助。)”可知，后文提及学业相关的压力来源，G选项“Schoolwork, grades, and tests are a big source of stress for many people.(学业、成绩和考试是很多人压力的主要来源。)”引出后文的学业压力与求助建议，符合语境。故选G项。 5．根据前文“Don’t ignore everyday problems — but don’t stress out about them either.(不要忽视日常问题，但也不要为此过度焦虑。)”可知，前文建议正确对待问题，此空应说明积极处理问题的态度，C选项“Instead, figure out how to handle them.(相反，想办法解决它们。)”承接前文，给出应对问题的正确做法，符合语境。故选C项。 Passage 2 Are you aware that you use body language when communicating with others? What body postures, gestures, facial expressions, and eye movements do you usually use? Research has suggested that about 65% of meaning in human communication comes from non-verbal behavior. 1 . Here are some body language tips to build more open connections with others. Smile. The simplest way to start a positive relationship is to smile. When looking into someone’s eyes, smile as if you see something in their eyes that makes you happy. 2 Personal space. Keep the space open before your upper body. Try not to fold your arms, put your bag on your lap, hug your bag, or do anything that covers up the upper front part of your body. 3 . On the other hand, closing the space in front of you sends the message of “Don’t talk to me. I’m not interested to engage with anyone”. Have eye contact. Eye contact helps establish connections and lets other people know you are listening. But don’t stare. 4 5 . Wear your emotions on your face. If you feel sad, then express sadness. If you feel surprised, express surprise. If you feel happy, express happiness. Don’t keep your emotions inside yourself. A powerful gesture will show your charm, which will make you more confident. These tips will help you make more friends and work towards a more connective and inclusive society. A．But don’t laugh out loud B．Be open with your emotions C．Be aware of what your body is saying D．Keeping the area open will make you more approachable E．Sometimes body language even makes up as much as 90% F．Just look away from time to time to give them some space G．Body language sometimes carries hidden meanings and emotions 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了身体语言在交流中的重要性，并给出了一些利用身体语言建立更开放的人际关系的建议。 1．由上文“Research has suggested that about 65% of meaning in human communication comes from non-verbal behavior.(研究表明，人类交流中约65%的意义来自非语言行为。)”可知，上文说明了非语言行为在交流中的比例，此处承接前文关于肢体语言占比的数据。E选项“Sometimes body language even makes up as much as 90%(有时身体语言甚至占到90%)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选E。 2．由上文“When looking into someone’s eyes, smile as if you see something in their eyes that makes you happy.(当看着别人的眼睛时，微笑，就好像你在他们的眼睛里看到了让你快乐的东西。)”可知，本段围绕微笑展开，本空应进一步说明微笑的注意事项。A选项“But don’t laugh out loud(但是不要大声笑)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 3．由上文“Try not to fold your arms, put your bag on your lap, hug your bag, or do anything that covers up the upper front part of your body.(尽量不要交叉双臂，把包放在膝盖上，抱着包，或者做任何遮住上半身前部的事情。)”及下文“On the other hand, closing the space in front of you sends the message of “Don’t talk to me. I’m not interested to engage with anyone”.(另一方面，关闭你面前的空间会传递出“不要和我说话。我对和任何人交往都不感兴趣”的信息。)”可知，上文说明了不要遮住上半身前部，下文说明了关闭面前的空间会传递出不好的信息，本空应说明保持上半身前部开放的好处。D选项“Keeping the area open will make you more approachable(保持这个区域开放会让你更平易近人)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 4．由上文“Eye contact helps establish connections and lets other people know you are listening. But don’t stare.(眼神交流有助于建立联系，让别人知道你在倾听。但是不要盯着看。)”可知，本空应进一步说明眼神交流的注意事项。F选项“Just look away from time to time to give them some space(只要不时地转移视线，给他们一些空间)”符合语境，符合语境。故选F。 5．由下文“Wear your emotions on your face. If you feel sad, then express sadness. If you feel surprised, express surprise. If you feel happy, express happiness. Don’t keep your emotions inside yourself.(把你的情绪写在脸上。如果你感到悲伤，就表达悲伤。如果你感到惊讶，就表达惊讶。如果你感到快乐，就表达快乐。不要把你的情绪藏在心里。)”可知，本段主题为坦诚表露情绪，本空应引出下文，说明要公开表达自己的情绪。B选项“Be open with your emotions(不掩饰自己的情绪)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 “Leave no trace” is a popular tenet of outdoor adventure known to many campers who are concerned about our environment and favor sustainable travel. 1 Whether camping enthusiasts prefer scenic spots on the beach or setting up a tent in a national park, there are some easy ways to ensure the outdoor camping is a sustainable one. Reject plastic and paper. First and foremost, one of the easiest ways to reduce the impact of camping on the planet is to go plastic- and paper-free. Instead of single-use plastics and paper plates, choose bamboo or other recyclable camping dinnerware and food packages. 2 Rent or buy a used tent. Instead of brand-new equipment, consider renting camping equipment. Outdoor retail (零售) brands offer a wide variety of camping products to rent, including tents. 3 For those keen on purchasing something new, try brands that put sustainability first to support eco-friendly practices. 4 In addition to eco-friendly tents, it’s good to ensure that other camping essentials, from hiking shoes and sleeping bags to clothing and blankets, are also gentle on the environment. And remember, whatever is packed in should also be packed out. Only camp in designated (指定的) camping areas. 5 However, developed campgrounds, which are specifically designated for camping, are usually available by reservation and don’t require campers to walk wearily into the wilderness to clear space to set up a tent. Designated camping spots usually have other advantages like bathrooms, showers, picnic tables, and more. A．Pack with the planet in mind. B．Sort out what you really need. C．They even carry other outdoor essentials for rent. D．Campgrounds are usually packed with people during the summer. E．Its goal is to minimize human-created impacts on the natural world. F．Campers can also buy reusable paper towels to really leave no trace. G．Though backpacking off the beaten path sounds fascinating, it may not be eco-friendly. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“无痕露营”原则及实现可持续露营的几种简单方法。 1．上文“‘Leave no trace’ is a popular tenet of outdoor adventure known to many campers who are concerned about our environment and favor sustainable travel.(‘无痕露营’是户外探险中一个流行的原则，许多关注环境、喜欢可持续旅行的露营者都知道它)”介绍了“无痕露营”这一原则。空后“Whether camping enthusiasts prefer scenic spots on the beach or setting up a tent in a national park, there are some easy ways to ensure the outdoor camping is a sustainable one.(无论露营爱好者喜欢海滩景点还是在国家公园搭帐篷，都有一些简单的方法可以确保户外露营是可持续的)”说明实现可持续露营的方法，空处需衔接原则本身与具体方法，解释原则的目的。选项E“Its goal is to minimize human-created impacts on the natural world.(它的目标是最大限度地减少人类对自然世界造成的影响)”中的“Its”指代上文的“Leave no trace”，解释了该原则的目的，与上下文相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 2．上文“Instead of single-use plastics and paper plates, choose bamboo or other recyclable camping dinnerware and food packages.(不要使用一次性塑料和纸盘，选择竹子或其他可回收的露营餐具和食品包装)”介绍了拒绝塑料和纸张、选择环保餐具的方法。空处需承接上文，补充相关环保做法。选项F“Campers can also buy reusable paper towels to really leave no trace.(露营者也可以购买可重复使用的纸巾，真正做到无痕)”中的“also”承接上文的环保做法，补充了可重复使用纸巾这一细节，与上文“拒绝一次性用品”的主题一致，符合语境。故选F。 3．上文“Outdoor retail brands (零售) offer a wide variety of camping products to rent, including tents.(户外零售品牌提供各种各样的露营产品供出租，包括帐篷)”介绍了户外品牌可出租露营装备，包括帐篷。空处需承接上文，补充出租装备的相关内容。选项C“They even carry other outdoor essentials for rent.(它们甚至提供其他户外必需品供出租)”中的“They”指代上文的“Outdoor retail brands”，“even”进一步说明出租产品的范围，补充了“其他户外必需品”，与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选C。 4．空后“In addition to eco-friendly tents, it’s good to ensure that other camping essentials, from hiking shoes and sleeping bags to clothing and blankets, are also gentle on the environment. And remember, whatever is packed in should also be packed out.(除了环保帐篷外，还应确保其他露营必需品，从登山鞋、睡袋到衣物和毯子，也对环境无害。记住，带进来的东西也应该带出去)”主要介绍露营打包时需考虑环保，选择环保必需品并带走所有物品。空处需概括该段主旨，引出下文内容。选项A“Pack with the planet in mind.(打包时要考虑到地球)”直接点明该段“打包环保”的主旨，与下文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选A。 5．上文“Only camp in designated (指定的) camping areas.(只在指定的露营区域露营)”提出露营的要求——在指定区域。空后“However, developed campgrounds, which are specifically designated for camping, are usually available by reservation and don’t require campers to walk wearily into the wilderness to clear space to set up a tent.(然而，专门为露营设计的成熟露营地通常可以预订，不需要露营者疲惫地走进荒野清理场地搭帐篷)”中的“However”表示转折，说明上文应提到非指定区域露营的情况。选项G“Though backpacking off the beaten path sounds fascinating, it may not be eco-friendly.(虽然偏离常规路线的背包旅行听起来很有吸引力，但它可能并不环保)”既提到了非指定区域（偏离常规路线）的露营，又用“though”引导转折，与下文“指定露营地的优势”形成对比，符合语境。故选G。 Passage 4 I first discovered wood carving on a lazy Sunday afternoon. I was looking around in a local bookstore when a book titled Easy Woodcarving caught my eye. 1 I had always loved working with my hands, and the idea of turning a plain piece of wood into something beautiful seemed magical. I bought the book and a small carving kit that came with a knife, a few gouges (弧口凿), and some soft basswood (椴木) blocks. 2 The first thing I learned was that wood carving is all about patience. 3 I drew it onto the wood block and then began to carve. The knife moved slowly through the wood, and I had to be careful not to cut too deep. Each cut showed a bit more of the bird’s shape, and I was attracted by how the wood changed under my hands. 4 You have to think ahead and plan your cuts. Sometimes, the wood would crack, and I’d have to adjust my design. But each mistake taught me something new. I learned to keep my tools sharp, and to take my time. After a few weeks, my little bird was starting to take shape. I added details like feathers and the shape of its eyes. Finally, I sanded it smooth and applied a light color to bring out the wood’s natural beauty. 5 It wasn’t perfect, but it was mine, and I had made it from nothing. A．I decided to try painting instead of wood carving at first. B．As I worked, I realized that wood carving is like a puzzle. C．I picked a simple design — a small bird resting on a branch. D．The knife was too sharp and I hurt my finger on the first day. E．The cover showed a simple wooden figure, and I was interested. F．The basswood felt smooth and inviting, and I couldn’t wait to get started. G．When I held the finished bird in my hands, I felt a deep sense of achievement. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者偶然发现木雕这门手艺，从购买工具和教材开始，通过耐心学习和不断尝试，最终完成第一件木雕作品并获得成就感的故事。 1．由上文“I was looking around in a local bookstore when a book titled Easy Woodcarving caught my eye.(我在一家当地书店闲逛时，一本名为《简易木雕》的书吸引了我的注意。)”以及下文“I had always loved working with my hands, and the idea of turning a plain piece of wood into something beautiful seemed magical.(我一直喜欢动手做东西，把一块普通的木头变成美丽的东西的想法看起来像魔法一样。)”可知，本空要说这本书的封面引起了作者的兴趣，E选项“The cover showed a simple wooden figure, and I was interested.(封面显示一个简单的木制人像，我很感兴趣。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“cover”与上文的“book”为词汇同现，且该选项中的“interested”与下文的“magical”相呼应，表示作者被吸引。故选E。 2．由上文“I bought the book and a small carving kit that came with a knife, a few gouges, and some soft basswood blocks.(我买了这本书和一个小的木雕工具包，里面有一把刀、几个弧口凿和一些软椴木块。)”以及下文“The first thing I learned was that wood carving is all about patience.(我学到的第一件事是木雕完全是关于耐心的。)”可知，本空要说作者对工具的感受或开始前的状态，F选项“The basswood felt smooth and inviting, and I couldn’t wait to get started.(椴木摸起来光滑诱人，我迫不及待地想开始了。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“basswood”与上文的“soft basswood blocks”为原词复现，且选项中的“couldn’t wait to get started”与下文的“learned”相呼应，表示作者带着热情开始学习。故选F。 3．由上文“The first thing I learned was that wood carving is all about patience.(我学到的第一件事是木雕完全是关于耐心的。)”以及下文“I drew it onto the wood block and then began to carve.(我把它画在木块上，然后开始雕刻。)”可知，本空要说作者选择了一个具体的设计，C选项“I picked a simple design — a small bird resting on a branch.(我选了一个简单的设计——一只栖息在树枝上的小鸟。)”能承上启下，符合题意。该选项中的“a simple design”与下文“drew it”中的“it”成指代关系，且与下文“drew it onto the wood block”形成呼应。故选C。 4．由下文“You have to think ahead and plan your cuts. Sometimes, the wood would crack, and I’d have to adjust my design.(你必须提前思考，规划好每一刀。有时候木头会开裂，我就得调整设计)”可知，本空要总结木雕需要动脑规划的特点，B选项“As I worked, I realized that wood carving is like a puzzle.(在雕刻的过程中，我意识到木雕就像一个谜题)”引出下文，符合题意。该选项中的“like a puzzle”与下文的“think ahead and plan your cuts”相呼应，说明木雕需要提前谋划、灵活调整。故选B。 5．由上文“Finally, I sanded it smooth and applied a light color to bring out the wood’s natural beauty.(最后，我把它打磨光滑并涂上浅色以突出木材的自然美。)”以及下文“It wasn’t perfect, but it was mine, and I had made it from nothing.(它不完美，但它是我的，是我从无到有创造出来的。)”可知，本空要说作者完成作品后的感受，G选项“When I held the finished bird in my hands, I felt a deep sense of achievement.(当我手里拿着完成的小鸟时，我感到深深的成就感。)”能承上启下，符合题意。该选项中的中的“the finished bird”指代上文完成的作品，“sense of achievement”与下文的“it was mine”表达的满足感一致，符合题意。故选G。 Passage 5 Daydreaming is often seen as a bad habit, but psychologists suggest it may actually reflect several valuable personality traits (特征). One key trait is a strong imagination. 1 It’s a kind of mental playground where ideas stretch and remix themselves. And frequent daydreamers? They live in that space. They can be folding laundry and at the same time building an entire different world where monkeys run coffee shops. That’s divergent (发散的) thinking, a cognitive skill connected with innovation and problem-solving.    2 Psychologists call this aesthetic (美学的) sensitivity — a great awareness of art, feelings, and small emotional differences. Small details, such as a line of poetry or a change in tone, can have a powerful emotional impact. This sensitivity often leads to greater empathy and insight, allowing daydreamers to understand others on a deeper level. Another common trait is pattern-seeking. 3 This associative thinking helps them notice relationships that others may miss and explains why they are often drawn to stories, metaphors, and symbolic systems that suggest deeper meaning. In addition, many daydreamers value solitude (独处). Time alone gives their thoughts room to wander freely, without interruption or external pressure. This doesn’t mean they dislike others; instead, they often prefer meaningful conversations to small talk. 4 Finally, daydreamers are natural storytellers. Even without writing or speaking aloud, they constantly imagine scenes, conversations, and alternative possibilities. 5 It also helps understand the past and imagine the future. These make daydreaming not a weakness, but a quiet gift. A．It gives them room to process hard things. B．Imagination isn’t just about “thinking creatively”. C．They may not always speak their thoughts out loud. D．They feel most comfortable in deep, thoughtful exchanges. E．This ability to create fantasies helps them process emotions. F．Daydreamers tend to be highly sensitive to beauty and emotion. G．Daydreamers naturally look for connections between ideas, memories, and experiences. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．G 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍白日梦并非坏习惯，反而能反映出想象力强、情感敏感、善于联想等宝贵的人格特质。 1．根据前文“One key trait is a strong imagination. (一个关键特征是强大的想象力。)”以及后文“It’s a kind of mental playground where ideas stretch and remix themselves. (它是一种思维游乐场，想法在其中延伸并重新组合。)”可知，前文提出想象力这一话题，后文进一步解释想象力，B选项“Imagination isn’t just about “thinking creatively”. (想象力不仅仅是“创造性思考”。)”承接前后文，对想象力进行补充说明，符合语境。故选B项。 2．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的中心句，根据后文“Psychologists call this aesthetic (美学的) sensitivity — a great awareness of art, feelings, and small emotional differences. (心理学家称之为审美敏感性——对艺术、情感和细微情绪差异的高度感知。)”可知，本段讲述白日梦者对美和情绪的敏感度，F选项“Daydreamers tend to be highly sensitive to beauty and emotion. (白日梦者往往对美和情绪高度敏感。)”能概括本段主题，符合语境。故选F项。 3．根据前文“Another common trait is pattern-seeking. (另一个常见特征是寻求模式。)”以及后文“This associative thinking helps them notice relationships that others may miss. (这种联想性思维帮助他们注意到别人可能忽略的联系。)”可知，前文提到寻求模式，后文提到联想性思维，G选项“Daydreamers naturally look for connections between ideas, memories, and experiences. (白日梦者会自然而然地寻找想法、记忆和经历之间的联系。)”承接前后文，解释寻求模式的具体表现，符合语境。故选G项。 4．根据前文“This doesn’t mean they dislike others; instead, they often prefer meaningful conversations to small talk. (这并不意味着他们不喜欢别人；相反，比起闲聊，他们通常更喜欢有意义的交谈。)”可知，前文说明他们偏爱深度交流，D选项“They feel most comfortable in deep, thoughtful exchanges. (他们在深入、富有思想的交流中感到最自在。)”承接前文内容，进一步说明他们的交流偏好，符合语境。故选D项。 5．根据前文“Even without writing or speaking aloud, they constantly imagine scenes, conversations, and alternative possibilities. (即使不书写或大声说话，他们也会不断想象场景、对话和其他可能性。)”以及后文“It also helps understand the past and imagine the future. (它还有助于理解过去、想象未来。)”可知，前文讲述白日梦者的想象行为，后文说明其作用，E选项“This ability to create fantasies helps them process emotions. (这种创造幻想的能力帮助他们处理情绪。)”阐述了想象带来的好处，与后文形成并列，符合语境。故选E项。 人与社会 Passage 1 People are living longer than ever around the world. Longer lives bring new opportunities, but they also introduce challenges, especially the risk of age-related decline. Researchers have spent years trying to understand why some people stay mentally sharp while others fade more quickly. 1 When someone knows two or more languages, all those languages remain active in the brain. Each time a multilingual person wants to speak, the brain must select the right language while keeping others from interfering. 2 Choosing one language, controlling the others and switching between them strengthens brain networks involved in attention and mental control. Studies comparing bilinguals and monolinguals have suggested that people who use more than one language might maintain better brain functions in later life. 3 Interestingly, researchers also find in a new study that people living in countries where multilingualism had a lower chance of showing signs of accelerated ageing. Monolingual speakers, by contrast, were more likely to appear biologically older. 4 This new research stands out for its scale, its long-term perspective and its broad approach to defining ageing. By combining biological, behavioural and environmental information, it reveals a clear and consistent pattern: 5 While it is not a magic shield, it may be one of the everyday experiences that help the brain stay adaptable, resilient and younger for longer. A．brain activities can prevent physical illnesses. B．multilingualism is closely linked to healthier ageing. C．This mental exercise acts a bit like “brain training”. D．Many scientists doubt the effect of learning languages in old age. E．Therefore, the more languages one speaks, the greater the protective effect. F．One main reason is multilingualism, the ability to speak more than one language. G．Indeed, speaking one extra language appears helpful in maintaining better cognitive skills. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．G 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过研究发现，掌握多种语言(多语能力)与健康老龄化密切相关，这种语言能力所带来的持续大脑训练有助于延缓认知衰退。 1．上文“Researchers have spent years trying to understand why some people stay mentally sharp while others fade more quickly. (研究人员花了多年时间试图理解为什么有些人能保持思维敏锐，而另一些人则衰退得更快)”提出了一个长期存在的科学问题。F选项“One main reason is multilingualism, the ability to speak more than one language. (一个主要原因就是多语能力，即说一种以上语言的能力)”承接上文，直接回答了研究人员长期探究的问题——多语能力是影响因素之一，形成“问题—答案”的逻辑关系。同时，引出下文围绕“多语能力”这一因素展开的详细阐述。故选F项。 2．上文“When someone knows two or more languages, all those languages remain active in the brain. Each time a multilingual person wants to speak, the brain must select the right language while keeping others from interfering. (当一个人掌握两种或多种语言时，所有这些语言都会在大脑中保持活跃。每当一个多语者想要说话时，大脑必须在阻止其他语言干扰的同时选择正确的语言)”描述了多语者大脑同时处理多种语言的运作机制。C选项“This mental exercise acts a bit like “brain training”. (这种心智锻炼有点像“大脑训练”)”承接上文，用“This mental exercise”指代上文描述的“选择语言、控制干扰”这一过程，将其类比为“大脑训练”。下文“Choosing one language, controlling the others and switching between them strengthens brain networks involved in attention and mental control. (选择一种语言、控制其他语言以及在它们之间切换，会强化与注意力和心理控制相关的大脑网络)”则具体阐述了这种“大脑训练”带来的积极效果，形成“机制—类比—效果”的逻辑链。故选C项。 3．上文“Studies comparing bilinguals and monolinguals have suggested that people who use more than one language might maintain better brain functions in later life. (比较双语者和单语者的研究表明，使用一种以上语言的人在晚年可能保持更好的大脑功能)”指出多语能力与晚年大脑功能之间的关联。G选项“Indeed, speaking one extra language appears helpful in maintaining better cognitive skills. (确实，多说一种语言似乎有助于保持更好的认知能力)”承接上文，用“Indeed”对上文的研究结论进行强调和确认。下文“Interestingly, researchers also find in a new study that people living in countries where multilingualism had a lower chance of showing signs of accelerated ageing. (有趣的是，研究人员在一项新研究中还发现，生活在多语国家的人们出现加速衰老迹象的几率较低)”则用新的研究数据进一步支持这一观点，与G选项形成递进关系。故选G项。 4．上文“Monolingual speakers, by contrast, were more likely to appear biologically older. (相比之下，单语者更可能在生理上显得更老)”通过对比强调了多语能力对延缓生物衰老的保护作用。E选项“Therefore, the more languages one speaks, the greater the protective effect. (因此，一个人说的语言越多，保护效果就越大)”承接上文，用“Therefore”引出基于上文对比的推论——语言数量与保护效果呈正相关，使论述从“多语有益”推进到“越多越有益”的更深层次结论。故选E项。 5．上文“By combining biological, behavioural and environmental information, it reveals a clear and consistent pattern: (通过结合生物学、行为学和环境信息，它揭示了一个清晰且一致的模式：)”引出研究发现的最终结论。B选项“multilingualism is closely linked to healthier ageing. (多语能力与健康老龄化密切相关)”作为冒号后的内容，直接概括了研究揭示的核心模式。下文“While it is not a magic shield, it may be one of the everyday experiences that help the brain stay adaptable, resilient and younger for longer. (虽然它不是一种神奇的护盾，但它可能是帮助大脑保持适应性、韧性并更长时间保持年轻的日常体验之一)”则进一步说明该结论的意义。故选B项。 Passage 2 Are Metrics (指标) the Best Ways to Measure Your Fitness? We count steps, track miles, and close our rings. Fitness metrics are everywhere, from online videos to wearable devices. Our devices constantly remind us if we miss our daily goals. Are these numbers really telling the whole story? 1 Merely being able to do 20 pull-ups or run a 10-minute mile does not definitively indicate good fitness. Pull-ups can be a great indicator of an overall healthy balance of muscle tissue to body fat. To build muscle tissue, men are expected to do 10 pull-ups in a row and women to aim for 4. While the number of pull-ups one can do is often seen as a gold standard of upper-body power, some argue it favors specific technique. 2 The mile run, a common military fitness test, is a good, basic measure for somebody’s aerobic (有氧的) capacity. 3 A 100-meter dash is too short to test aerobic capacity, and a marathon is a measure of endurance. Most people can run a mile in 7 to 10 minutes, which is a good range for VO₂ max. A higher VO₂ max corresponds to greater aerobic athletic potential and a reduced risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) issues such as heart disease or stroke. That said, as a single metric, the mile run cannot capture the full scope of health. Experts agree that fitness metrics can be motivating. They help people set goals and track progress. 4 This includes maintaining consistent movement, balancing aerobic and strength training, and staying mobile enough for daily activities. 5 The World Health Organization recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week, plus two strength-training sessions to help preserve endurance, muscle mass, and bone density. A．The mile is also the ideal distance for such a test. B．So how often should you train to maintain or improve these goals? C．However, long - term health depends more on progress than on perfection. D．This suggests it is actually a skill - based assessment rather than a measure of fitness. E．Therefore, many people now set even higher targets to push themselves further. F．To ensure continuous improvement, consistently exceeding minimum standards is key. G．Actually, these measurable targets may not fully capture what true fitness means. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。健身指标虽能激发动力，但未必全面反映健康状况，专家强调长期健康更重持续进步，而非追求完美指标。 1．根据上文“Are these numbers really telling the whole story?(这些数字真的能说明全部情况吗？)”以及下文“Merely being able to do 20 pull-ups or run a 10-minute mile does not definitively indicate good fitness.(仅仅能够做20个引体向上或跑一英里用10分钟并不能明确表明良好的健身水平)”可知，前一句问这些数字是否能说明全部，后一句说只做引体向上或跑一英里不能代表健康，故推测本句进一步说明数字不能代表全部体能。故选项G“实际上，这些可衡量的目标或许并不能完全体现真正的“健身”含义”符合语境。故选G。 2．根据上文“While the number of pull-ups one can do is often seen as a gold standard of upper-body power, some argue it favors specific technique.(虽然一个人能做多少个引体向上通常被视为上半身力量的黄金标准，但有些人认为这更偏向于特定的技巧)”可知，上文提到引体向上被看作上肢力量黄金标准，但有人认为它偏向特定技巧，即“引体向上更像技巧，不是纯体能”，本句直接解释“technique”的结果。故选项D“这表明它实际上是一种基于技能的评估，而不是对健身水平的衡量”符合语境。故选D。 3．上文提到“The mile run, a common military fitness test, is a good, basic measure for somebody’s aerobic (有氧的) capacity.(一英里跑是一项常见的军事体能测试，是衡量一个人有氧能力的一个很好的基本指标)”，下文又提到“A 100-meter dash is too short to test aerobic capacity, and a marathon is a measure of endurance.(100米冲刺太短，无法测试有氧能力，而马拉松则是耐力的衡量标准)”可知，上文提到一英里跑是很好的有氧能力测试，后文则说100米冲刺太短，故本句是在说明测试的理想距离，故选项A“一英里也是进行这种测试的理想距离”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“Experts agree that fitness metrics can be motivating.(专家们一致认为，健身指标可以激发动力)”以及下文“This includes maintaining consistent movement, balancing aerobic and strength training, and staying mobile enough for daily activities.(这包括保持持续的运动，平衡有氧运动和力量训练，以及保持足够的活动能力以进行日常活动)”可知，本句进一步说明专家们对于长期健康的意见，C选项中They指代上文Experts。故选项C“然而，他们强调，长期的健康状况更多地取决于进步而非完美”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据下文“The World Health Organization recommends at least 15 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week, plus two strength-training sessions to help preserve endurance, muscle mass, and bone density.(世界卫生组织建议每周至少进行15分钟的中等强度有氧运动，再加上两次力量训练，以帮助保持耐力、肌肉质量和骨密度)”可知，下文提到“每周至少进行15分钟的中等强度有氧运动，再加上两次力量训练”，推测本句是在说明锻炼的频率问题，故选项B“那么，为了达到这些目标并使其得以维持或有所提升，你应该多久进行一次训练呢？”符合语境。故选B。 Passage 3 When Becca’s parents informed her that the family would be hiking to Big Bend National Park in West Texas for spring break, Becca was not excited, because the only things she knew about it were some things her friend Shayla had told her that the cell phone signal was not very good, and that there was very little to do. 1 . Becca threw her bag into the car, rolling her eyes, and asked how long it was going to take to get to the infamous park. “It’s about a five-hour drive,” her mom replied. 2 . “Is the scenery at least good along the way?” she complained extremely unhappily. 3 . She rested her head against a pillow and immediately fell asleep. After hours of tossing (翻转) and turning in the uncomfortable back seat. Becca was awakened by her mother’s excited announcement: “We’re here!” Looking wide-eyed into the canyon (峡谷), Becca suddenly spotted a large animal. “Dad, look!” she shouted. After a while, Becca thought about the opinions her friend Shayla had shared with her. “See, a mountain lion! Amazing!” The three of them stared at it in open-mouthed astonishment. 4 . “Uh, Mom, Dad,” Becca finally said as the lion slid into some tall bushes. “I didn’t know Big Bend is so beautiful or that mountain lions live here. I can hardly believe what I am seeing!” “Yeah, honey. That’s the wonder of nature — you’re always discovering something new!” her mom exclaimed in excitement. “That true. Becca. Just keep our minds open to things. 5 !” her dad added. A．We’ll definitely find miracles in nature B．Hearing that, her mood soured even more C．Becca was surprised by the breathtaking sight D．Shayla went back to her room to sleep in silence E．You should work with, not against, Mother Nature F．Becca jumped unwillingly into the back seat without a word G．So, she questioned her parents’ decision from the bottom of her heart 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．F 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Becca从抗拒去Big Bend国家公园到被壮丽自然景观震撼并爱上大自然的转变过程。 1．由上文“Becca was not excited, because the only things she knew about it were some things her friend Shayla had told her that the cell phone signal was not very good, and that there was very little to do. (Becca并不兴奋，因为她对Big Bend国家公园的了解仅来自朋友Shayla的描述——手机信号不好，没什么可做的)”及下文“Becca threw her bag into the car, rolling her eyes, and asked how long it was going to take to get to the infamous park. (Becca把包扔进车里，翻着白眼，问要多久才能到达那个“臭名昭著”的公园)”可知，上文说明Becca因朋友的负面信息而不兴奋，下文是她质疑父母决定后的不满动作，本空应说明她对这件事持有的负面的情绪或态度。G选项“So, she questioned her parents’ decision from the bottom of her heart. (所以，她从心底质疑父母的决定)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 2．由上文““It’s about a five-hour drive,” her mom replied. (“大约五个小时的车程，”妈妈回答)”及下文““Is the scenery at least good along the way?” she complained extremely unhappily. (“沿途的风景至少好点吧？”她极其不满地抱怨道)”可知，上文提到漫长的车程，下文是Becca的抱怨，本空应说明她听到车程后的心情变化。B选项“Hearing that, her mood soured even more. (听到这个，她的心情更糟了)”中“that”指代“五个小时车程”，“mood soured even more”承接上文的“not excited”，引出下文的抱怨，符合语境。故选B。 3．由下文“She rested her head against a pillow and immediately fell asleep. (她把头靠在枕头上，立刻睡着了)”及“After hours of tossing (翻转) and turning in the uncomfortable back seat. (在不舒服的后座上翻转了几个小时后)”可知，下文提到她在后座睡觉的动作，本空应说明她上车的动作。F选项“Becca jumped unwillingly into the back seat without a word. (Becca不情愿地跳进后座，一句话也没说)”中“unwillingly”对应下文的“uncomfortable back seat”，“without a word”引出“immediately fell asleep”的动作，符合语境。故选F。 4．由上文“The three of them stared at it in open-mouthed astonishment. (他们三个目瞪口呆地盯着它)”及下文““I didn’t know Big Bend is so beautiful or that mountain lions live here. I can hardly believe what I am seeing!” (“我不知道Big Bend这么美，也不知道这里有美洲狮。我简直不敢相信眼前的一切！”)”可知，上文提到他们对美洲狮的震惊，下文是Becca对眼前景象的感叹，本空应说明她被景象震惊的状态。C选项“Becca was surprised by the breathtaking sight. (Becca被这令人窒息的景象震惊了)”中“breathtaking sight”指代“峡谷和美洲狮的景象”，“surprised”承接上文的“open-mouthed astonishment”，引出下文的感叹，符合语境。故选C。 5．由上文““Yeah, honey. That’s the wonder of nature — you’re always discovering something new!” her mom exclaimed in excitement. (“是的，宝贝。这就是自然的奇迹——你总是能发现新事物！”妈妈兴奋地喊道)”及““That true. Becca. Just keep our minds open to things. (“没错，Becca。只要保持开放的心态)”可知，上文妈妈提到自然的奇迹和发现新事物，爸爸强调保持开放心态，本空应承接“自然奇迹”的主题。A选项“We’ll definitely find miracles in nature. (我们一定会在自然中找到奇迹)”中“miracles in nature”对应妈妈的“wonder of nature”，“definitely find”承接爸爸的“keep our minds open”，符合语境。故选A。 Passage 4 For many people, art is healing (治愈). 1 . Every aspect of the creative process becomes an instrument for communicating one’s emotional landscape. Somatic art is doing just that by allowing creators to share their artwork and move through emotions that can feel “stuck” in the body. Somatic art invites you to move, let go, and put your energy into projects without thinking about the outcome. This form of therapy (疗法) combines art therapy with somatic therapy, which works with the connection between the mind and body to help you heal. 2 . “It often looks simple: scribbling (涂鸦), painting, or making on large paper, sometimes on the floor or wall, sometimes using broad movements rather than precise detail,” says Chloë Bean, a therapist. Somatic art has a variety of benefits. By paying attention to sensations in your body, somatic art allows you to notice and let go of stored emotional tension. It can also help heal since you can process buried emotions in a gentle and safe way. Additionally, somatic art is empowering. 3 . By getting in touch with your body and creativity, you learn more about who you are. To try somatic art, first gather your supplies. Choose a large surface and grab any materials you like, including pastels, markers, or paint. Next, leave your thoughts at the door and pick the color that speaks to you. Then notice how it feels to create art. 4 , including the pressure of your pen, what it’s like to move, and even the smell of your supplies. Make sure to move by swaying and jumping around. Release the need to fix “mistakes”. 5 . A．Tune into sensory details B．Your inner artist acts as a therapist C．The best part about somatic art is that it is highly accessible D．In this practice, healing is the priority and there’s beauty in imperfection E．It’s a powerful way to express what is sometimes difficult to put into words F．When you try this practice, a new voice and way of self-expression may arise within G．It is particularly helpful if you tend to analyze your emotions instead of feeling them 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“躯体艺术（somatic art）”这一结合艺术与身心疗法的治愈方式，解释了它的形式、特点、益处以及具体练习步骤，强调它能帮助人们表达难以言说的情绪、释放身心压力，且过程注重疗愈而非完美。 1．根据上文“For many people, art is healing.(对很多人来说，艺术具有治愈作用)”以及下文“Every aspect of the creative process becomes an instrument for communicating one’s emotional landscape.(创作过程中的每一个环节，都成为传递内心情感世界的媒介)”可知，空格处说明艺术的表达作用。E选项“It’s a powerful way to express what is sometimes difficult to put into words.(它是一种强有力的方式，能表达那些难以用语言形容的东西)”承接上文引起下文，符合语境。故选E项。 2．根据下文““It often looks simple: scribbling (涂鸦), painting, or making on large paper, sometimes on the floor or wall, sometimes using broad movements rather than precise detail,” says Chloë Bean, a therapist.(治疗师克洛伊・比恩表示：“这通常看起来很简单：在大幅纸张上涂鸦、绘画或创作，有时是在地板或墙上，有时用舒展的大动作，而非精细的细节刻画。”)”可知，空格处说明躯体艺术简单易上手。C选项“The best part about somatic art is that it is highly accessible.(躯体艺术最大的优点是极易上手)”引出下文，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据上文“Additionally, somatic art is empowering.(此外，躯体艺术能赋予人力量)”可知，空格处说明它带来的自我成长。F选项“When you try this practice, a new voice and way of self-expression may arise within.(当你尝试这种练习，内心可能会出现新的声音与自我表达方式)”承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。 4．根据下文“including the pressure of your pen, what it’s like to move, and even the smell of your supplies.(包括笔的压力、移动的感觉，甚至材料的气味)”可知，空格处强调关注感官细节。A选项“Tune into sensory details.(关注感官细节)”引出下文，符合语境。故选A项。 5．根据上文“Release the need to fix “mistakes”.(放下修正“错误”的需求)”可知，空格处说明不追求完美。D选项“In this practice, healing is the priority and there’s beauty in imperfection.(在这种练习中，疗愈是首要的，不完美中也有美)”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。 Passage 5 No man is an island. 1 .What keeps us from being cut off from our fellows on separate islands is our ability to communicate with each other. Through communication we build bridges into other people’s minds. The best and most useful way to sound communication is common good manners. This includes politeness, respect, helpfulness, thoughtfulness and understanding. Be polite to everyone, no matter who they are. Greet people pleasantly, and remember to smile. 2 . Don’t be rude. Even if you are angry or upset, patience and politeness will get you further. 3 . Men or women, young or old, and especially your elders all deserve your respect. Speak to them respectfully, and don’t interrupt them. Listen to their advice. When you behave this way, you will most likely have earned the same respect. Be helpful whenever you can. 4 . Offer to help an old lady across the street. If someone asks you for directions, take time to help him if you can. This will brighten both his day and yours. Be thoughtful and understanding. And put yourself in other person’s shoes 5 . Don’t do or say things that will hurt them. Respect the needs, wishes, and opinions of them. Having good manners is a must for everyone, which makes you look good and makes things easier. When you are nice to people, they are nice in return. Show them common courtesy, and they will do the same for you. A．Everyone needs to connect with others in life. B．Consider other people’s feelings in every situation. C．Show respect for everyone around you in daily life. D．A smile on your face will make you more welcome. E．Politeness is the most important part of good manners. F．Hold the door for someone whose arms are full of packages. G．It is impossible for anyone to live a completely lonely life. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．C 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕“良好沟通的核心是礼貌礼仪”这一主题，通过分点阐述的方式，详细介绍了日常人际交往中应遵循的礼仪原则。 1．空格前“No man is an island.(没有人是一座孤岛。)”点明文章核心主题——人与人之间存在关联。空格后“What keeps us from being cut off from our fellows on separate islands is our ability to communicate with each other.(让我们避免像孤立岛屿一样与他人隔绝的，是我们彼此沟通的能力。)”进一步解释了“人与人需要联系”的原因。G选项“It is impossible for anyone to live a completely lonely life(任何人都不可能完全孤独地生活)”承接了前文“没有人是孤岛”的观点，又能自然引出后文“沟通的重要性”，完美衔接上下文，且与空格后内容形成逻辑上的因果关系。故选G项。 2．空格前“Greet people pleasantly, and remember to smile.(愉快地问候他人，记得微笑。)”提到微笑的重要性。D选项“A smile on your face will make you more welcome.(脸上的微笑会让你更受欢迎。)”是对前文“记得微笑”的进一步补充和强调，解释了微笑能带来的具体好处，与段落主旨“保持礼貌”相呼应，且符合上下文语境。故选D项。 3．此处需要一个段落小标题，统领下文内容。空格后“Men or women, young or old, and especially your elders all deserve your respect.(无论男女老少，尤其是长辈，都值得你尊重。)”点明了本段核心：要尊重每一个人。C选项“Show respect for everyone around you in daily life.(在日常生活中尊重身边的每一个人。)”直接概括了段落主旨，与后文内容完全呼应，是最佳小标题。故选C项。 4．空格前“Be helpful whenever you can.(任何时候都要乐于助人。)”提出乐于助人的建议。F选项“Hold the door for someone whose arms are full of packages.(为手里拿满包裹的人扶住门。)”是对“乐于助人”的具体举例，通过生活中的小场景，让抽象的建议变得可操作，与前文观点形成完美呼应。故选F项。 5．空格前“Be thoughtful and understanding. And put yourself in other person’s shoes.(要体贴和理解他人，设身处地为他人着想。)”提到要换位思考。B选项“Consider other people’s feelings in every situation.(在任何情况下都要考虑他人的感受。)”是对前文“设身处地为他人着想”的进一步解释，强调了要关注他人的情绪和感受，与空格后“Don’t do or say things that will hurt them.(不要做或说伤害他们的事。)”形成逻辑上的递进关系，让段落主旨更完整。故选B项。 人与自然 Passage 1 In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race could be wiped out by nuclear missiles with just a push of a button. Today, however, environmental problems have become the biggest risk to life on Earth. Scientists are looking for ways to reduce this risk, such as using renewable energy instead of coal and oil. 1 . What is our Plan B for Earth if the terrible scenes in films like The Day After Tomorrow come true? 2 . The most possible choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has a less hostile environment than other planets. Mars has attracted people since ancient times, and now our interest in exploring it is stronger than ever. Films like The Martian are popular around the world. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and amazing images. 3 . They have tested the soil and searched for resources, water and signs of life. There is no doubt that humankind is attracted to Mars, dreaming of making it our second home. 4 . It would take months to reach Mars, traveling through dangerous solar radiation. Even if the first settlers arrive safely, they may never return to Earth. Staying alive on Mars will be a daily challenge, but not impossible. The Biosphere 2 experiment in the 1980s showed us possibilities, which was built in the Arizona desert. 5 . Although the two-year experiment failed, it helped us better understand how humans could live on another planet. Recently, scientists have successfully grown plants in a Mars-like environment, a big step forward. For now, human settlement on Mars is still decades away. Until we can live on another planet, we must take better care of Earth — it’s the only one we have now! A．But they are also preparing for the worst B．Our robots have explored the Martian surface C．Mars is much farther from Earth than the moon D．Many countries are planning to send astronauts to Mars soon E．Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious F．One option is to explore other planets to see if we can live on them G．It was a closed space where humans, animals and plants could live together 【答案】1．A 2．F 3．B 4．C 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人类面对环境危机时探索火星作为“B计划”的可能性，介绍了火星探索的进展、面临的挑战以及相关实验的启示。 1．上文“Scientists are looking for ways to reduce this risk, such as using renewable energy instead of coal and oil.(科学家们正在寻找降低这种风险的方法，例如使用可再生能源代替煤炭和石油)”指出科学家正在积极寻找解决办法，A选项“But they are also preparing for the worst(但他们也在为最坏的情况做准备)”与上文构成转折关系，指出科学家们同时在准备应对最坏情况的备用方案；下文“What is our Plan B for Earth if the terrible scenes in films like The Day After Tomorrow come true?(如果《后天》这类电影中的可怕场景成真，我们地球的B计划是什么？)”中的“Plan B”与A选项中的“preparing for the worst”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。 2．上文提出了关于“Plan B”的问题，下文“The most possible choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has a less hostile environment than other planets.(最有可能的选择是火星，它距离地球相对较近，且环境比其他行星更友好)”明确指出火星是首选，F选项“One option is to explore other planets to see if we can live on them(一个选择是探索其他行星，看看我们是否能在上面生活)”承接上文，回应了“Plan B”的问题，并提出探索其他行星这一方案；下文具体说明火星是其中最有可能的选择，上下文逻辑一致。故选F项。 3．上文“Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and amazing images.(我们的探测器已经环绕这颗行星飞行，传回了宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的图像)”描述了探测器环绕火星的任务，B选项“Our robots have explored the Martian surface(我们的机器人已经探索了火星表面)”与上文构成递进关系，指出除了轨道探测器外，机器人还登陆地表进行了探索；下文“They have tested the soil and searched for resources, water and signs of life.(它们已经测试了土壤，并寻找资源、水和生命迹象)”具体说明机器人在地表进行的活动，与B选项中的“explored the Martian surface”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 4．上文“There is no doubt that humankind is attracted to Mars, dreaming of making it our second home.(毫无疑问，人类被火星吸引，梦想着把它变成我们的第二个家园)”指出人类对火星的向往，C选项“Mars is much farther from Earth than the moon(火星比月球距离地球远得多)”与上文构成转折，指出现实中的巨大挑战——距离遥远；下文“It would take months to reach Mars, traveling through dangerous solar radiation.(到达火星需要数月时间，还要穿越危险的太阳辐射)”进一步说明距离遥远带来的困难，与C选项中的“much farther”相呼应，上下文逻辑一致。故选C项。 5．上文“The Biosphere 2 experiment in the 1980s showed us possibilities, which was built in the Arizona desert.(20世纪80年代在亚利桑那沙漠建造的生物圈2号实验向我们展示了各种可能性)”介绍了生物圈2号实验，G选项“It was a closed space where humans, animals and plants could live together(那是一个人类、动物和植物可以共同生活的封闭空间)”承接上文，具体解释生物圈2号是什么——一个封闭的生态系统；下文“Although the two-year experiment failed, it helped us better understand how humans could live on another planet.(虽然为期两年的实验失败了，但它帮助我们更好地理解了人类如何能在另一个星球上生活)”进一步说明该实验的意义，与G选项中的“closed space”相呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 Passage 2 Singapore has no natural freshwater resources and has been ranked among the most water-stressed countries in the world. 1 Thus, after gaining independence in 1965, Singapore realized that it had to take its water future into its own hands and developed a comprehensive water management plan. Singapore has developed four pillars (支柱) of water supply: imported water, desalinated (淡化的) water, local water storage and recycled water. To secure water supplies, it has entered into agreements with Malaysia, which supplies half of the total water needs. However, Singapore is projected to stop importing water by 2061. 2 Today, Singapore has five desalination plants, which provide 25% of the island nation’s total water supply. These plants function as water purification facilities. 3 It is no wonder they fit into the city’s contemporary landscape naturally. Singapore’s goal is to increase its desalination capacity to meet 30% of its water needs by 2060. 4 Rooftop water is channeled through pipes into a network of rivers, canals and reservoirs (水库). The Marina Barrage, covering 10,000 hm2, not only collects fresh water but also acts as a flood protection structure. Singapore also excels at treating wastewater. At a cost of up to $10 billion, the island nation has built a modern, centralized wastewater treatment system and efficiently reused wastewater. “All wastewater is collected, treated and reused as much as possible,” said Jon Church of UN Water. 5 The government plans to increase this recycling proportion to 55% by 2060, with the aim of improving the quality of life for its citizens. A．It was ruled by Britain for a long time. B．They were built right in downtown areas. C．Singapore is a master at collecting rainwater. D．They are also designed to be modern enough. E．It currently recycles 30% of its domestic water needs. F．Water has always played a crucial role in the nation’s growth. G．Therefore, it must necessarily focus on the remaining three “taps”. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．D 4．C 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍新加坡水资源匮乏，独立后制定水资源管理计划，并详细介绍其四大供水支柱及相关举措。 1．根据上文“Singapore has no natural freshwater resources and has been ranked among the most water-stressed countries in the world. (新加坡没有天然淡水资源，且被列为世界上水资源最紧张的国家之一)”以及下文“Thus, after gaining independence in 1965, Singapore realized that it had to take its water future into its own hands and developed a comprehensive water management plan. (因此，1965年独立后，新加坡意识到必须将自己的水资源未来掌握在自己手中，并制定了全面的水资源管理计划)”可知，此处应衔接上文水资源匮乏的现状，引出下文的应对措施，F选项“Water has always played a crucial role in the nation’s growth. (水在这个国家的发展中一直扮演着至关重要的角色)”既强调了水的重要性，又能自然衔接下文“重视水资源管理”，符合语境。故选F项。 2．根据上文“Singapore has developed four pillars (支柱) of water supply: imported water, desalinated (淡化的) water, local water storage and recycled water. To secure water supplies, it has entered into agreements with Malaysia, which supplies half of the total water needs. However, Singapore is projected to stop importing water by 2061. (新加坡制定了四大供水支柱：进口水、淡化水、本地蓄水和再生水。为确保供水，新加坡与马来西亚签订了协议，马来西亚提供其总需水量的一半。然而，新加坡预计到2061年停止进口水)”可知，此处应承接上文“停止进口水”，说明后续要依靠其他三大供水支柱，G选项“Therefore, it must necessarily focus on the remaining three “taps”. (因此，它必须重点关注剩下的三个“水龙头”)”中的remaining three ‘taps’指代四大支柱中除进口水外的另外三个，衔接上文逻辑，符合语境。故选G项。 3．根据上文“Today, Singapore has five desalination plants, which provide 25% of the island nation’s total water supply. These plants function as water purification facilities. (如今，新加坡拥有五座海水淡化厂，提供该岛国25%的总供水。这些工厂起到净水设施的作用)”以及下文“It is no wonder they fit into the city’s contemporary landscape naturally. (难怪它们能自然地融入这座城市的现代景观中)”可知，此处应说明淡化厂的特点，使其能融入现代景观，D选项“They are also designed to be modern enough. (它们也被设计得足够现代化)”既承接上文“净水设施”的功能，又呼应下文“融入现代景观”，符合语境。故选D项。 4．根据下文“Rooftop water is channeled through pipes into a network of rivers, canals and reservoirs (水库). The Marina Barrage, covering 10,000 hm2, not only collects fresh water but also acts as a flood protection structure. (屋顶的雨水通过管道引入河流、运河和水库网络。占地10000公顷的滨海堤坝不仅收集淡水，还起到防洪作用)”可知，本段主要介绍新加坡收集雨水的举措，空格处应引出该话题，C选项“Singapore is a master at collecting rainwater. (新加坡是收集雨水的能手)”直接点明本段核心，衔接下文具体收集方式，符合语境。故选C项。 5．根据上文“Singapore also excels at treating wastewater. At a cost of up to $10 billion, the island nation has built a modern, centralized wastewater treatment system and efficiently reused wastewater. (新加坡在废水处理方面也表现出色。这个岛国耗资高达100亿美元，建成了现代化的集中式废水处理系统，并高效地回收利用废水)”以及下文“The government plans to increase this recycling proportion to 55% by 2060. (政府计划到2060年将这一回收比例提高到55%)”可知，此处应提及当前的废水回收比例，E选项“It currently recycles 30% of its domestic water needs. (目前，它回收了30%的生活用水需求)”中的currently与下文plans to increase形成对比，30%与下文55%呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 Passage 3 At dawn and dusk, forests appear muted and nearly monochromatic (单色的) to human eyes. But white-tailed deer might see a very different, aglow landscape. Since the 1970s, biologists have understood that deer leave signposts — from rubbing antlers on trees or scraping the ground — for scent-based communication. 1 The researchers scanned 146 such signposts in Georgia using ultraviolet lights. They found that although the signposts look ordinary in daylight, they reemit blue-green light when exposed to UV wavelengths common at dawn and dusk. This likely happens because antler rubs strip away bark, revealing lignin-rich inner wood that fluoresces (散发荧光) in a way bark does not. The visual contrast also intensifies as the breeding season approaches. 2 This shift in light is particularly relevant, the authors say, because the eyes of white-tailed deer have enhanced sensitivity to short- and middle-wavelength colors in this stage, especially under low-light conditions. Traditionally, mammalian (哺乳动物的) biofluorescence has been studied as a subject of the animal itself. 3 However, not all experts are convinced. One skeptic not involved in the study noted that if humans cannot see the markings under natural light, deer likely cannot either. 4 The researchers describe the study as a first step. 5 A．But one group of researchers wondered whether these marks also provide visual messages. B．Therefore, deer rely solely on scent for communication throughout the year. C．In such period, marks are brighter because male deer antlers have fully hardened and their rubs can expose more inner wood. D．This discovery suggests that biofluorescence might also be embedded in the environment, adding a largely unseen layer to how animals communicate. E．This argument highlights a key limitation of the current study: its findings are based on technical measurement, not observed animal behavior. F．This means that deer are likely color-blind to red and orange hues. G．Future research will need to confirm whether deer actually use these visual cues in their natural habitat. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一项关于白尾鹿通过树木磨痕发出荧光进行视觉交流的新研究，阐述研究发现、意义及不同专家观点。 1．根据前文“Since the 1970s, biologists have understood that deer leave signposts — from rubbing antlers on trees or scraping the ground — for scent-based communication.(自20世纪70年代以来，生物学家就已经知道，鹿会留下标记——比如在树上磨角或在地上刮擦——来进行基于气味的交流。)”以及后文“The researchers scanned 146 such signposts in Georgia using ultraviolet lights.(研究人员用紫外线灯扫描了佐治亚州的146个这样的标记。)”可知，前文讲鹿靠气味交流，后文讲研究者用紫外线检测标记，此空应说明研究者想知道这些标记是否也有视觉信息，A选项“But one group of researchers wondered whether these marks also provide visual messages.(但是一组研究人员想知道这些标记是否也能传递视觉信息。)”承上启下，引出后文的实验，符合语境。故选A项。 2．根据前文“The visual contrast also intensifies as the breeding season approaches.(随着繁殖季节的临近，这种视觉对比也会增强。)”可知，前文提到繁殖季节视觉对比更明显，此空应解释原因，C选项“In such period, marks are brighter because male deer antlers have fully hardened and their rubs can expose more inner wood.(在这个时期，标记会更亮，因为雄鹿的角已经完全变硬，它们的磨痕可以暴露更多的内部木材。)”解释了繁殖季节标记更亮的原因，与前文内容对应，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据前文“Traditionally, mammalian (哺乳动物的) biofluorescence has been studied as a subject of the animal itself. (传统上，哺乳动物的生物荧光一直被当作动物自身的研究对象。)”可知，前文讲传统研究认为生物荧光来自动物自身，此空应说明新发现改变了这一认知，D选项“This discovery suggests that biofluorescence might also be embedded in the environment, adding a largely unseen layer to how animals communicate.(这一发现表明，生物荧光也可能存在于环境中，为动物的交流方式增加了一层很大程度上看不见的维度。)”指出生物荧光也存在于环境中，符合语境。故选D项。 4．根据前文“However, not all experts are convinced. One skeptic not involved in the study noted that if humans cannot see the markings under natural light, deer likely cannot either.(然而，并非所有专家都信服。一位未参与该研究的质疑者指出，如果人类在自然光下看不到这些标记，鹿很可能也看不到。)”可知，前文提到专家的质疑，此空应说明这个质疑指出的研究问题，E选项“This argument highlights a key limitation of the current study: its findings are based on technical measurement, not observed animal behavior.(这一观点凸显了当前研究的一个关键局限：其发现基于技术测量，而非观察到的动物行为。)”点明研究的局限性，符合语境。故选E项。 5．根据前文“The researchers describe the study as a first step.(研究人员称这项研究只是第一步。)”可知，前文说研究只是开始，此空应说明未来需要做的研究，G选项“Future research will need to confirm whether deer actually use these visual cues in their natural habitat.(未来的研究需要证实鹿在自然栖息地是否真的使用这些视觉线索。)”指出后续研究方向，符合语境。故选G项。 Passage 4 Embracing a Green Lifestyle Living a green lifestyle is not only beneficial for the environment but also for your health and wallet. Here are some steps to embrace a green lifestyle. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. 1 These three simple words can make a big difference in your daily life. Whether it’s using a reusable water bottle or shopping bag, these small actions can reduce waste and pollution. Conserve water and electricity. Be mindful of your water and electricity usage. 2 Simple habits like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth or switching off lights when not in use can save a lot of energy. 3 When shopping, opt for products that are made from sustainable materials and have minimal packaging. Remember to check the labels for certifications that indicate eco-friendliness. This not only helps to reduce waste but also supports companies that are committed to environmental protection. Grow your own food. Planting a small vegetable garden or even a few herbs in pots can be a rewarding experience. 4 It’s a great way to ensure you’re eating fresh and healthy food while also reducing your carbon footprint. Use public transportation, carpool, or bike. Instead of driving alone, consider using public transportation, carpooling, or biking to work or school. 5 This can significantly reduce your carbon emissions and improve air quality. A．Choose eco-friendly products. B．Make sure to choose homemade products C．This is essential for a green lifestyle. D．Try to minimize the use of single-use items. E．It’s easy to get started with these practices. F．Small changes can make a big impact on the environment. G．This can also be a fun and educational activity for the whole family. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．A 4．G 5．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了践行绿色生活方式的几种具体做法，包括减少使用一次性物品、节约水电、选择环保产品、自己种植食物以及多使用公共交通等，旨在说明小行动能带来大影响。 1．本段小标题是“Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. (减量化、再利用、再循环。)”以及空格后说“These three simple words can make a big difference in your daily life. (这短短的三个词就能在你的日常生活中产生巨大的影响。)”可知，空格处需要解释这三个词的具体行动。D选项“努力减少一次性物品的使用。”是对Reduce和Reuse的具体阐释，能自然引出后文。故选D。 2．根据后文“Simple habits like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth or switching off lights when, not in use can save a lot of energy. (一些简单的习惯，比如刷牙时关掉水龙头，或者不用灯时将其关闭，都能节省大量的能源。)”可知，本段后文建议养成关水龙头、关灯等节约习惯。因此段首需要一个能概括这些习惯共同点的句子。F选项“小的改变能对环境产生大影响。”是合适的主题句，且“小改变”对应后文的“简单习惯”。故选F。 3．根据后文“When shopping, opt for products that are made from sustainable materials and have minimal packaging. Remember to check the labels for certifications that indicate eco-friendliness. This not only helps to reduce waste but also supports companies that are committed to environmental protection. (在购物时，应选择由可持续材料制成且包装简约的产品。记得查看产品标签上的环保认证标志。这样做不仅能减少浪费，还能支持那些致力于环境保护的公司。)”可知，本段后文建议购买可持续材料制作、包装最少的产品，并查看环保认证。因此段首小标题用A选项“选择环保产品。”最贴切。故选A。 4．根据上文“Grow your own food. Planting a small vegetable garden or even a few herbs in pots can be a rewarding experience. (自己种植食物。哪怕只是在花盆里种上一小块蔬菜园或者几株香草，也能带来令人愉悦的体验。)”以及后文“It’s a great way to ensure you’re eating fresh and healthy food while also reducing your carbon footprint. (这不仅能让您吃到新鲜健康的食品，还能减少您的碳足迹。)”可知，空格前说在花盆里种点蔬菜或香草是一种有益的体验。空格处需要进一步说明这种体验的好处。G选项“这对全家来说也是一项有趣且具有教育意义的活动。”恰当地补充了种植的社交和教育价值。故选G。 5．根据上文“Use public transportation, carpool, or bike. Instead of driving alone, consider using public transportation, carpooling, or biking to work or school. (使用公共交通工具、拼车或者骑自行车。不要独自驾车出行，可以考虑使用公共交通、拼车或者骑自行车去上班或上学。)”以及后文“This can significantly reduce your carbon emissions and improve air quality. (这能够显著减少你的碳排放量，并改善空气质量。)”可知，空格前建议使用公共交通、拼车或骑车。空格后说这能减少碳排放。空格处需要说明这些做法的目的或重要性。C选项“这对绿色生活方式至关重要。”强调了这些交通方式的重要性，承上启下。故选C。 Passage 5 How to Teach Your Kids to Be Respectful and Kind to Animals When your family is preparing to welcome a new pet, it’s essential to establish clear guidelines to ensure the safety and well-being of both children and animals. Here are some practical ways to help children build empathy and learn to care for animals responsibly. One of the most effective methods is to lead by example. Children often follow in adults’ footsteps, so how you treat animals will leave a lasting impression. Show them the proper way to approach and interact with animals. 1 This teaches respect for the animal’s comfort zone. It’s also helpful to set clear and consistent rules. Children may not know exactly how to behave around animals. 2 Explain that animals are not toys — pulling their tails, climbing on them, or disturbing them while they eat or sleep is unacceptable. Such guidelines help prevent misunderstandings and potential harm. Another key lesson is showing understanding and respect. Just like people, animals have moods and personal space. Teach your child to recognize when an animal wants to be left alone — such as when it moves away, hides, or makes an unhappy sound. 3 This not only protects the child but also helps the animal feel respected. 4 . For example, if you find an insect indoors, you might calmly capture and release it outside instead of killing it. Use respectful language when referring to animals — avoid calling them “it,” and choose “he,” “she,” or “they” instead. What’s more, reading books that promote kindness toward animals is a simple but powerful tool. Remember that building a positive relationship between children and animals takes time and patience. 5 Through consistent modeling and gentle guidance, children can grow into compassionate (有同情心的) and respectful individuals. A．In this way, children will play with animals at will. B．Sympathy can also be developed through daily habits. C．Kids will develop a scientific way of looking at all living things. D．It is better to show them what to do instead of simply saying “don’t.” E．This knowledge is useful for interacting with both animals and people. F．Over time, these small lessons contribute to a lifelong respect for animals. G．When encountering a nervous animal, ask kids to observe quietly rather than chase it. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家长如何通过以身作则、制定规则、尊重理解、培养日常习惯等方法，教育孩子尊重和善待动物，培养孩子的同情心与责任感。 1．根据前文“Show them the proper way to approach and interact with animals.(向他们展示接近动物和与动物互动的正确方式)”可知，空前强调要示范正确做法；结合空后“This teaches respect for the animal’s comfort zone.(这教会（孩子）要尊重动物的舒适区)”可知，空处需指明“this”指代的内容，选项G“When encountering a nervous animal, ask kids to observe quietly rather than chase it.(当遇到紧张的动物时，让孩子安静观察而不是追赶它)”具体说明了正确的做法，能够承接上文，衔接下文。故选G。 2．根据前文“Children may not know exactly how to behave around animals.(孩子可能不知道在动物身边该如何表现)”和后文 “Explain that animals are not toys (解释动物不是玩具)”可知，空前指出孩子不懂如何做，空后开始具体解释；选项D“It is better to show them what to do instead of simply saying “don’t.”(最好给他们示范该做什么，而不是只说“不要这么做”)”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 3．根据前文“Teach your child to recognize when an animal wants to be left alone — such as when it moves away, hides, or makes an unhappy sound.(教你的孩子识别动物什么时候不想被打扰—— 比如当它躲开、躲藏或发出不舒服的声音时)”可知，空前讲的是教孩子识别动物的情绪和信号；选项E“This knowledge is useful for interacting with both animals and people.(这些知识对于与动物和人交往都很有用)”是对这种能力的总结与升华。故选E。 4．根据后文“For example, if you find an insect indoors, you might calmly capture and release it outside instead of killing it.(例如，如果你在室内发现一只昆虫，你可以平静地抓住它并把它放到外面，而不是杀死它)”可知，空后用日常小事举例说明如何培养爱心；选项B“Sympathy can also be developed through daily habits.(同情心也可以通过日常习惯来培养)”能够总领本段内容。故选B。 5．根据前文“Remember that building a positive relationship between children and animals takes time and patience.(记住，在孩子和动物之间建立积极的关系需要时间和耐心)”可知，空前强调这是一个长期过程；选项F“Over time, these small lessons contribute to a lifelong respect for animals.(随着时间的推移，这些小小的教育会造就对动物终身的尊重)”承接上文，强调长期坚持的结果。故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期中复习之七选五15篇 （期中热点话题） 内容导航 内容速递 本资料共15篇专项训练：主要分为以下三个热点话题 1. 人与自我 2. 人与社会 3. 人与自然 每个话题对应五篇专项练习 人与自我 Passage 1 Ways to Manage Everyday Stress Life can be stressful at times. 1 . But you can make it a goal to keep everyday stress at low levels. If you want to get better at managing everyday stress, here are things that can help you: Balance work and play. Make time to work on your tasks and goals. But be sure to make time for things you enjoy, too. Even if it’s only a few minutes, daily time to relax and recharge lowers your stress. Plan your day. Use a calendar or planning app to keep track of your daily schedule. Fill in your class times, tests, and when assignments are due. Add your activities. 2                                                                                    Stick to your plan. Of course, planning is no good if you don’t do what you plan. 3 Check off what you’ve done. Get ready for what’s coming up. This lowers daily schoolwork stress. Ask for help when you need it. 4 Keeping on top of it all isn’t always easy. If you need help preparing for tests, planning projects, or getting things done, ask a teacher, parent, tutor, or mentor to coach you. Deal with problems as they come up. Don’t ignore everyday problems — but don’t stress out about them either. 5 If you’re not sure what to do, ask for help and advice from others. A．You can’t avoid stress. B．It can motivate you toward your goals. C．Instead, figure out how to handle them. D．Having a plan and a daily routine lowers stress. E．Make it a routine to look at your planner every day. F．At times, a small surge of stress can be a positive thing. G．Schoolwork, grades, and tests are a big source of stress for many people. Passage 2 Are you aware that you use body language when communicating with others? What body postures, gestures, facial expressions, and eye movements do you usually use? Research has suggested that about 65% of meaning in human communication comes from non-verbal behavior. 1 . Here are some body language tips to build more open connections with others. Smile. The simplest way to start a positive relationship is to smile. When looking into someone’s eyes, smile as if you see something in their eyes that makes you happy. 2 Personal space. Keep the space open before your upper body. Try not to fold your arms, put your bag on your lap, hug your bag, or do anything that covers up the upper front part of your body. 3 . On the other hand, closing the space in front of you sends the message of “Don’t talk to me. I’m not interested to engage with anyone”. Have eye contact. Eye contact helps establish connections and lets other people know you are listening. But don’t stare. 4 5 . Wear your emotions on your face. If you feel sad, then express sadness. If you feel surprised, express surprise. If you feel happy, express happiness. Don’t keep your emotions inside yourself. A powerful gesture will show your charm, which will make you more confident. These tips will help you make more friends and work towards a more connective and inclusive society. A．But don’t laugh out loud B．Be open with your emotions C．Be aware of what your body is saying D．Keeping the area open will make you more approachable E．Sometimes body language even makes up as much as 90% F．Just look away from time to time to give them some space G．Body language sometimes carries hidden meanings and emotions Passage 3 “Leave no trace” is a popular tenet of outdoor adventure known to many campers who are concerned about our environment and favor sustainable travel. 1 Whether camping enthusiasts prefer scenic spots on the beach or setting up a tent in a national park, there are some easy ways to ensure the outdoor camping is a sustainable one. Reject plastic and paper. First and foremost, one of the easiest ways to reduce the impact of camping on the planet is to go plastic- and paper-free. Instead of single-use plastics and paper plates, choose bamboo or other recyclable camping dinnerware and food packages. 2 Rent or buy a used tent. Instead of brand-new equipment, consider renting camping equipment. Outdoor retail (零售) brands offer a wide variety of camping products to rent, including tents. 3 For those keen on purchasing something new, try brands that put sustainability first to support eco-friendly practices. 4 In addition to eco-friendly tents, it’s good to ensure that other camping essentials, from hiking shoes and sleeping bags to clothing and blankets, are also gentle on the environment. And remember, whatever is packed in should also be packed out. Only camp in designated (指定的) camping areas. 5 However, developed campgrounds, which are specifically designated for camping, are usually available by reservation and don’t require campers to walk wearily into the wilderness to clear space to set up a tent. Designated camping spots usually have other advantages like bathrooms, showers, picnic tables, and more. A．Pack with the planet in mind. B．Sort out what you really need. C．They even carry other outdoor essentials for rent. D．Campgrounds are usually packed with people during the summer. E．Its goal is to minimize human-created impacts on the natural world. F．Campers can also buy reusable paper towels to really leave no trace. G．Though backpacking off the beaten path sounds fascinating, it may not be eco-friendly. Passage 4 I first discovered wood carving on a lazy Sunday afternoon. I was looking around in a local bookstore when a book titled Easy Woodcarving caught my eye. 1 I had always loved working with my hands, and the idea of turning a plain piece of wood into something beautiful seemed magical. I bought the book and a small carving kit that came with a knife, a few gouges (弧口凿), and some soft basswood (椴木) blocks. 2 The first thing I learned was that wood carving is all about patience. 3 I drew it onto the wood block and then began to carve. The knife moved slowly through the wood, and I had to be careful not to cut too deep. Each cut showed a bit more of the bird’s shape, and I was attracted by how the wood changed under my hands. 4 You have to think ahead and plan your cuts. Sometimes, the wood would crack, and I’d have to adjust my design. But each mistake taught me something new. I learned to keep my tools sharp, and to take my time. After a few weeks, my little bird was starting to take shape. I added details like feathers and the shape of its eyes. Finally, I sanded it smooth and applied a light color to bring out the wood’s natural beauty. 5 It wasn’t perfect, but it was mine, and I had made it from nothing. A．I decided to try painting instead of wood carving at first. B．As I worked, I realized that wood carving is like a puzzle. C．I picked a simple design — a small bird resting on a branch. D．The knife was too sharp and I hurt my finger on the first day. E．The cover showed a simple wooden figure, and I was interested. F．The basswood felt smooth and inviting, and I couldn’t wait to get started. G．When I held the finished bird in my hands, I felt a deep sense of achievement. Passage 5 Daydreaming is often seen as a bad habit, but psychologists suggest it may actually reflect several valuable personality traits (特征). One key trait is a strong imagination. 1 It’s a kind of mental playground where ideas stretch and remix themselves. And frequent daydreamers? They live in that space. They can be folding laundry and at the same time building an entire different world where monkeys run coffee shops. That’s divergent (发散的) thinking, a cognitive skill connected with innovation and problem-solving.    2 Psychologists call this aesthetic (美学的) sensitivity — a great awareness of art, feelings, and small emotional differences. Small details, such as a line of poetry or a change in tone, can have a powerful emotional impact. This sensitivity often leads to greater empathy and insight, allowing daydreamers to understand others on a deeper level. Another common trait is pattern-seeking. 3 This associative thinking helps them notice relationships that others may miss and explains why they are often drawn to stories, metaphors, and symbolic systems that suggest deeper meaning. In addition, many daydreamers value solitude (独处). Time alone gives their thoughts room to wander freely, without interruption or external pressure. This doesn’t mean they dislike others; instead, they often prefer meaningful conversations to small talk. 4 Finally, daydreamers are natural storytellers. Even without writing or speaking aloud, they constantly imagine scenes, conversations, and alternative possibilities. 5 It also helps understand the past and imagine the future. These make daydreaming not a weakness, but a quiet gift. A．It gives them room to process hard things. B．Imagination isn’t just about “thinking creatively”. C．They may not always speak their thoughts out loud. D．They feel most comfortable in deep, thoughtful exchanges. E．This ability to create fantasies helps them process emotions. F．Daydreamers tend to be highly sensitive to beauty and emotion. G．Daydreamers naturally look for connections between ideas, memories, and experiences. 人与社会 Passage 1 People are living longer than ever around the world. Longer lives bring new opportunities, but they also introduce challenges, especially the risk of age-related decline. Researchers have spent years trying to understand why some people stay mentally sharp while others fade more quickly. 1 When someone knows two or more languages, all those languages remain active in the brain. Each time a multilingual person wants to speak, the brain must select the right language while keeping others from interfering. 2 Choosing one language, controlling the others and switching between them strengthens brain networks involved in attention and mental control. Studies comparing bilinguals and monolinguals have suggested that people who use more than one language might maintain better brain functions in later life. 3 Interestingly, researchers also find in a new study that people living in countries where multilingualism had a lower chance of showing signs of accelerated ageing. Monolingual speakers, by contrast, were more likely to appear biologically older. 4 This new research stands out for its scale, its long-term perspective and its broad approach to defining ageing. By combining biological, behavioural and environmental information, it reveals a clear and consistent pattern: 5 While it is not a magic shield, it may be one of the everyday experiences that help the brain stay adaptable, resilient and younger for longer. A．brain activities can prevent physical illnesses. B．multilingualism is closely linked to healthier ageing. C．This mental exercise acts a bit like “brain training”. D．Many scientists doubt the effect of learning languages in old age. E．Therefore, the more languages one speaks, the greater the protective effect. F．One main reason is multilingualism, the ability to speak more than one language. G．Indeed, speaking one extra language appears helpful in maintaining better cognitive skills. Passage 2 Are Metrics (指标) the Best Ways to Measure Your Fitness? We count steps, track miles, and close our rings. Fitness metrics are everywhere, from online videos to wearable devices. Our devices constantly remind us if we miss our daily goals. Are these numbers really telling the whole story? 1 Merely being able to do 20 pull-ups or run a 10-minute mile does not definitively indicate good fitness. Pull-ups can be a great indicator of an overall healthy balance of muscle tissue to body fat. To build muscle tissue, men are expected to do 10 pull-ups in a row and women to aim for 4. While the number of pull-ups one can do is often seen as a gold standard of upper-body power, some argue it favors specific technique. 2 The mile run, a common military fitness test, is a good, basic measure for somebody’s aerobic (有氧的) capacity. 3 A 100-meter dash is too short to test aerobic capacity, and a marathon is a measure of endurance. Most people can run a mile in 7 to 10 minutes, which is a good range for VO₂ max. A higher VO₂ max corresponds to greater aerobic athletic potential and a reduced risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) issues such as heart disease or stroke. That said, as a single metric, the mile run cannot capture the full scope of health. Experts agree that fitness metrics can be motivating. They help people set goals and track progress. 4 This includes maintaining consistent movement, balancing aerobic and strength training, and staying mobile enough for daily activities. 5 The World Health Organization recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity each week, plus two strength-training sessions to help preserve endurance, muscle mass, and bone density. A．The mile is also the ideal distance for such a test. B．So how often should you train to maintain or improve these goals? C．However, long - term health depends more on progress than on perfection. D．This suggests it is actually a skill - based assessment rather than a measure of fitness. E．Therefore, many people now set even higher targets to push themselves further. F．To ensure continuous improvement, consistently exceeding minimum standards is key. G．Actually, these measurable targets may not fully capture what true fitness means. Passage 3 When Becca’s parents informed her that the family would be hiking to Big Bend National Park in West Texas for spring break, Becca was not excited, because the only things she knew about it were some things her friend Shayla had told her that the cell phone signal was not very good, and that there was very little to do. 1 . Becca threw her bag into the car, rolling her eyes, and asked how long it was going to take to get to the infamous park. “It’s about a five-hour drive,” her mom replied. 2 . “Is the scenery at least good along the way?” she complained extremely unhappily. 3 . She rested her head against a pillow and immediately fell asleep. After hours of tossing (翻转) and turning in the uncomfortable back seat. Becca was awakened by her mother’s excited announcement: “We’re here!” Looking wide-eyed into the canyon (峡谷), Becca suddenly spotted a large animal. “Dad, look!” she shouted. After a while, Becca thought about the opinions her friend Shayla had shared with her. “See, a mountain lion! Amazing!” The three of them stared at it in open-mouthed astonishment. 4 . “Uh, Mom, Dad,” Becca finally said as the lion slid into some tall bushes. “I didn’t know Big Bend is so beautiful or that mountain lions live here. I can hardly believe what I am seeing!” “Yeah, honey. That’s the wonder of nature — you’re always discovering something new!” her mom exclaimed in excitement. “That true. Becca. Just keep our minds open to things. 5 !” her dad added. A．We’ll definitely find miracles in nature B．Hearing that, her mood soured even more C．Becca was surprised by the breathtaking sight D．Shayla went back to her room to sleep in silence E．You should work with, not against, Mother Nature F．Becca jumped unwillingly into the back seat without a word G．So, she questioned her parents’ decision from the bottom of her heart Passage 4 For many people, art is healing (治愈). 1 . Every aspect of the creative process becomes an instrument for communicating one’s emotional landscape. Somatic art is doing just that by allowing creators to share their artwork and move through emotions that can feel “stuck” in the body. Somatic art invites you to move, let go, and put your energy into projects without thinking about the outcome. This form of therapy (疗法) combines art therapy with somatic therapy, which works with the connection between the mind and body to help you heal. 2 . “It often looks simple: scribbling (涂鸦), painting, or making on large paper, sometimes on the floor or wall, sometimes using broad movements rather than precise detail,” says Chloë Bean, a therapist. Somatic art has a variety of benefits. By paying attention to sensations in your body, somatic art allows you to notice and let go of stored emotional tension. It can also help heal since you can process buried emotions in a gentle and safe way. Additionally, somatic art is empowering. 3 . By getting in touch with your body and creativity, you learn more about who you are. To try somatic art, first gather your supplies. Choose a large surface and grab any materials you like, including pastels, markers, or paint. Next, leave your thoughts at the door and pick the color that speaks to you. Then notice how it feels to create art. 4 , including the pressure of your pen, what it’s like to move, and even the smell of your supplies. Make sure to move by swaying and jumping around. Release the need to fix “mistakes”. 5 . A．Tune into sensory details B．Your inner artist acts as a therapist C．The best part about somatic art is that it is highly accessible D．In this practice, healing is the priority and there’s beauty in imperfection E．It’s a powerful way to express what is sometimes difficult to put into words F．When you try this practice, a new voice and way of self-expression may arise within G．It is particularly helpful if you tend to analyze your emotions instead of feeling them Passage 5 No man is an island. 1 .What keeps us from being cut off from our fellows on separate islands is our ability to communicate with each other. Through communication we build bridges into other people’s minds. The best and most useful way to sound communication is common good manners. This includes politeness, respect, helpfulness, thoughtfulness and understanding. Be polite to everyone, no matter who they are. Greet people pleasantly, and remember to smile. 2 . Don’t be rude. Even if you are angry or upset, patience and politeness will get you further. 3 . Men or women, young or old, and especially your elders all deserve your respect. Speak to them respectfully, and don’t interrupt them. Listen to their advice. When you behave this way, you will most likely have earned the same respect. Be helpful whenever you can. 4 . Offer to help an old lady across the street. If someone asks you for directions, take time to help him if you can. This will brighten both his day and yours. Be thoughtful and understanding. And put yourself in other person’s shoes 5 . Don’t do or say things that will hurt them. Respect the needs, wishes, and opinions of them. Having good manners is a must for everyone, which makes you look good and makes things easier. When you are nice to people, they are nice in return. Show them common courtesy, and they will do the same for you. A．Everyone needs to connect with others in life. B．Consider other people’s feelings in every situation. C．Show respect for everyone around you in daily life. D．A smile on your face will make you more welcome. E．Politeness is the most important part of good manners. F．Hold the door for someone whose arms are full of packages. G．It is impossible for anyone to live a completely lonely life. 人与自然 Passage 1 In the 1960s and 1970s, the greatest fear was that the human race could be wiped out by nuclear missiles with just a push of a button. Today, however, environmental problems have become the biggest risk to life on Earth. Scientists are looking for ways to reduce this risk, such as using renewable energy instead of coal and oil. 1 . What is our Plan B for Earth if the terrible scenes in films like The Day After Tomorrow come true? 2 . The most possible choice is Mars, which is relatively close to Earth and has a less hostile environment than other planets. Mars has attracted people since ancient times, and now our interest in exploring it is stronger than ever. Films like The Martian are popular around the world. Since the 1960s, we have been sending unmanned spacecraft to Mars. Our probes have orbited the planet, sending back valuable data and amazing images. 3 . They have tested the soil and searched for resources, water and signs of life. There is no doubt that humankind is attracted to Mars, dreaming of making it our second home. 4 . It would take months to reach Mars, traveling through dangerous solar radiation. Even if the first settlers arrive safely, they may never return to Earth. Staying alive on Mars will be a daily challenge, but not impossible. The Biosphere 2 experiment in the 1980s showed us possibilities, which was built in the Arizona desert. 5 . Although the two-year experiment failed, it helped us better understand how humans could live on another planet. Recently, scientists have successfully grown plants in a Mars-like environment, a big step forward. For now, human settlement on Mars is still decades away. Until we can live on another planet, we must take better care of Earth — it’s the only one we have now! A．But they are also preparing for the worst B．Our robots have explored the Martian surface C．Mars is much farther from Earth than the moon D．Many countries are planning to send astronauts to Mars soon E．Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious F．One option is to explore other planets to see if we can live on them G．It was a closed space where humans, animals and plants could live together Passage 2 Singapore has no natural freshwater resources and has been ranked among the most water-stressed countries in the world. 1 Thus, after gaining independence in 1965, Singapore realized that it had to take its water future into its own hands and developed a comprehensive water management plan. Singapore has developed four pillars (支柱) of water supply: imported water, desalinated (淡化的) water, local water storage and recycled water. To secure water supplies, it has entered into agreements with Malaysia, which supplies half of the total water needs. However, Singapore is projected to stop importing water by 2061. 2 Today, Singapore has five desalination plants, which provide 25% of the island nation’s total water supply. These plants function as water purification facilities. 3 It is no wonder they fit into the city’s contemporary landscape naturally. Singapore’s goal is to increase its desalination capacity to meet 30% of its water needs by 2060. 4 Rooftop water is channeled through pipes into a network of rivers, canals and reservoirs (水库). The Marina Barrage, covering 10,000 hm2, not only collects fresh water but also acts as a flood protection structure. Singapore also excels at treating wastewater. At a cost of up to $10 billion, the island nation has built a modern, centralized wastewater treatment system and efficiently reused wastewater. “All wastewater is collected, treated and reused as much as possible,” said Jon Church of UN Water. 5 The government plans to increase this recycling proportion to 55% by 2060, with the aim of improving the quality of life for its citizens. A．It was ruled by Britain for a long time. B．They were built right in downtown areas. C．Singapore is a master at collecting rainwater. D．They are also designed to be modern enough. E．It currently recycles 30% of its domestic water needs. F．Water has always played a crucial role in the nation’s growth. G．Therefore, it must necessarily focus on the remaining three “taps”. Passage 3 At dawn and dusk, forests appear muted and nearly monochromatic (单色的) to human eyes. But white-tailed deer might see a very different, aglow landscape. Since the 1970s, biologists have understood that deer leave signposts — from rubbing antlers on trees or scraping the ground — for scent-based communication. 1 The researchers scanned 146 such signposts in Georgia using ultraviolet lights. They found that although the signposts look ordinary in daylight, they reemit blue-green light when exposed to UV wavelengths common at dawn and dusk. This likely happens because antler rubs strip away bark, revealing lignin-rich inner wood that fluoresces (散发荧光) in a way bark does not. The visual contrast also intensifies as the breeding season approaches. 2 This shift in light is particularly relevant, the authors say, because the eyes of white-tailed deer have enhanced sensitivity to short- and middle-wavelength colors in this stage, especially under low-light conditions. Traditionally, mammalian (哺乳动物的) biofluorescence has been studied as a subject of the animal itself. 3 However, not all experts are convinced. One skeptic not involved in the study noted that if humans cannot see the markings under natural light, deer likely cannot either. 4 The researchers describe the study as a first step. 5 A．But one group of researchers wondered whether these marks also provide visual messages. B．Therefore, deer rely solely on scent for communication throughout the year. C．In such period, marks are brighter because male deer antlers have fully hardened and their rubs can expose more inner wood. D．This discovery suggests that biofluorescence might also be embedded in the environment, adding a largely unseen layer to how animals communicate. E．This argument highlights a key limitation of the current study: its findings are based on technical measurement, not observed animal behavior. F．This means that deer are likely color-blind to red and orange hues. G．Future research will need to confirm whether deer actually use these visual cues in their natural habitat. Passage 4 Embracing a Green Lifestyle Living a green lifestyle is not only beneficial for the environment but also for your health and wallet. Here are some steps to embrace a green lifestyle. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. 1 These three simple words can make a big difference in your daily life. Whether it’s using a reusable water bottle or shopping bag, these small actions can reduce waste and pollution. Conserve water and electricity. Be mindful of your water and electricity usage. 2 Simple habits like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth or switching off lights when not in use can save a lot of energy. 3 When shopping, opt for products that are made from sustainable materials and have minimal packaging. Remember to check the labels for certifications that indicate eco-friendliness. This not only helps to reduce waste but also supports companies that are committed to environmental protection. Grow your own food. Planting a small vegetable garden or even a few herbs in pots can be a rewarding experience. 4 It’s a great way to ensure you’re eating fresh and healthy food while also reducing your carbon footprint. Use public transportation, carpool, or bike. Instead of driving alone, consider using public transportation, carpooling, or biking to work or school. 5 This can significantly reduce your carbon emissions and improve air quality. A．Choose eco-friendly products. B．Make sure to choose homemade products C．This is essential for a green lifestyle. D．Try to minimize the use of single-use items. E．It’s easy to get started with these practices. F．Small changes can make a big impact on the environment. G．This can also be a fun and educational activity for the whole family. Passage 5 How to Teach Your Kids to Be Respectful and Kind to Animals When your family is preparing to welcome a new pet, it’s essential to establish clear guidelines to ensure the safety and well-being of both children and animals. Here are some practical ways to help children build empathy and learn to care for animals responsibly. One of the most effective methods is to lead by example. Children often follow in adults’ footsteps, so how you treat animals will leave a lasting impression. Show them the proper way to approach and interact with animals. 1 This teaches respect for the animal’s comfort zone. It’s also helpful to set clear and consistent rules. Children may not know exactly how to behave around animals. 2 Explain that animals are not toys — pulling their tails, climbing on them, or disturbing them while they eat or sleep is unacceptable. Such guidelines help prevent misunderstandings and potential harm. Another key lesson is showing understanding and respect. Just like people, animals have moods and personal space. Teach your child to recognize when an animal wants to be left alone — such as when it moves away, hides, or makes an unhappy sound. 3 This not only protects the child but also helps the animal feel respected. 4 . For example, if you find an insect indoors, you might calmly capture and release it outside instead of killing it. Use respectful language when referring to animals — avoid calling them “it,” and choose “he,” “she,” or “they” instead. What’s more, reading books that promote kindness toward animals is a simple but powerful tool. Remember that building a positive relationship between children and animals takes time and patience. 5 Through consistent modeling and gentle guidance, children can grow into compassionate (有同情心的) and respectful individuals. A．In this way, children will play with animals at will. B．Sympathy can also be developed through daily habits. C．Kids will develop a scientific way of looking at all living things. D．It is better to show them what to do instead of simply saying “don’t.” E．This knowledge is useful for interacting with both animals and people. F．Over time, these small lessons contribute to a lifelong respect for animals. G．When encountering a nervous animal, ask kids to observe quietly rather than chase it. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $