1 第一讲 利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五-（教师用书）【金版新学案】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与测试

阅读七选五题型实质上就是句子复位题，解答此题型最快捷实用的解题步骤是先定性，再定位；先定性——即先初读文章，根据空格所处的位置及文意初步判定空格处的句子是主题句、结论句还是过渡句或细节句；再定位——即再精读文章，根据上下文语意关系和逻辑关系确定填哪一个选项。 3年高考命题分析 试卷 名称 考试 年份 主题 语境 文章话题 考查体裁 词数 小标题 设空位置 段首 段中 段尾 全国一卷 2025 人与社会 咖啡馆员工的微笑服务 记叙文 259 无 0 4 1 新课标 Ⅰ卷 2024 人与自我 作者使用英语词典的心得 说明文 288 无 1 4 0 2023 人与自我 自我宽恕，增强自信 说明文 305 无 0 4 1 全国二卷 2025 人与社会 全家人一起做自愿者服务 说明文 251 有 2 2 1 新课标 Ⅱ卷 2024 人与社会 过度旅游的影响 说明文 277 有 1 3 1 2023 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的好建议 说明文 334 无 1 3 1 命题专家谈解题攻略 学生用书第28页 第一讲　利用设空位置，快解阅读七选五 命题人常采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式。句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。出题者正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查学生的逻辑思维能力。 段首题——明辨是 “主题句” 还是 “过渡句” 把握句子形似，确定段落标题句 在 “七选五” 题型中，段落小标题句概括段落核心内容，帮助读者快速把握段落主旨。这类句子往往具有简洁性、概括性和引领性，需要与段落内部的细节内容紧密呼应。小标题必须 “管得住” 全段，而非 “只说一点”。其正确选项短小精悍，多为名词词组、动词-ing形式短语或祈使句。 经典感悟 答题微点 (2025·浙江1月卷) ·Don't use ten words when one will do. ...38.As the speaker，you already know what you're going to say．However，they're hearing it for the first time.Keep it simple. · 39 If you've ever worked as an instructor，manager，trainer or coach，you'll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it.Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others.Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. A．Be patient. B．Get the audience involved. C．The best messages are often simple. D．Speak directly to what matters to them. E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G．As the speaker，you already know what you're going to say. 【解析】　考查段落标题句。首先根据上文的小标题 “Don't use ten words when one will do.”可知，标题句为祈使句，可以将选择范围缩小到A、B和D三项。根据下文可知，本段通过举例(教师、经理等通过 “教别人” 来学习)引出建议：让听众贡献想法、解释概念、主导讨论，核心是让听众参与。B选项“让受众参与进来”能概括这部分内容，适合作段首小标题。 自主解答： B 【方法总结】 根据一致原则，确定段落主题句 在阅读七选五中，“一致原则” 是确定段落主题句的核心依据，其核心是 “主题句定方向，后文跟方向；主题句划范围，后文守范围”。通过锁定逻辑方向和语义边界的双重一致性，就能精准锚定符合段落主旨的主题句。 学生用书第29页 经典感悟 答题微点 (2025·全国二卷) ·You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. 38 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives. A．Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B．Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C．Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D．Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E．For adults，volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F．You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn't know about before. G．Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 【解析】　本空考查段落主题句。空后以华盛顿大学研究为例，说明55岁及以上的志愿者比相同年龄的其他人记忆力更好、整体健康维持更久。选项E“对成年人来说，志愿服务能带来显著的身体健康益处”作为段落主旨句，概括下文研究结论，符合语境。选项E中的“adults、physical health benefits”与下文“adults 55 and older” “had better memory and maintained overall health longer”相呼应。 自主解答： E 【方法总结】 瞻前顾后，确定段落过渡句 段首过渡句是连接上一段与当前段落的 “纽带”，既需承接上文核心内容，又要引出本段新话题，在文章逻辑连贯中起关键作用。 经典感悟 答题微点 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) I keep two reference books close-by on my desk：dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典).I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.37.It takes no account of the context. Of course，these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses，but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. 38 It should give you a precise definition of each word，thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar，but not identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. A．I don't often use this dictionary. B．It takes no account of the context. C．But I still don't want to replace them. D．But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E．Of course，a dictionary is not only for spelling. F．That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G．Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. 【解析】　本空考查段落过渡句。根据上段内容可知，上段提到词典的单词拼写功能；又根据空后内容可知，该段讲述了词典具备的其他功能。选项E“当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。”引出下文，使上下文衔接。 自主解答： E 【方法总结】 学生用书第30页 段中题——厘清是“细节句”还是“过渡句” 段中设空属于对主题句的展开，通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。段中设空的特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充上文的具体事实、事例和说明。 解答此类试题时，考生首先应确定所缺的句子是细节句还是过渡句，对于这两类句子，应采用不同的方法来解题。 经典感悟 答题微点 (2025·全国一卷) One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her.Joanna Wright，a senior political science major，loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face，which always puts me in a cheerful mood，” Wright said. A．The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B．She has two children aged eight and four. C．Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D．After finishing an order，she calls out the name on the cup. E．Not only does this cafe serve up drinks，it also serves up smiles. F．Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G．She has served here for 17 years and can't imagine working anywhere else. 【解析】　本空考查段中细节句。空格前后围绕 “Murphy 的微笑对学生的积极影响” 展开。前文提到 Murphy 的微笑很有感染力，能让学生的一天变得更好；后文引用 Joanna Wright 的话，强调 Murphy 的笑容总能让自己心情愉悦。F 项 “去咖啡馆让她(Joanna)一天有个好开始，为上课做好准备。” 承接前文 “微笑带来的积极影响”，具体说明这种影响如何作用于学生(让一天有好开端、为上课做准备)，同时与后文 Joanna 的正面评价形成呼应，逻辑连贯。 自主解答： F 【方法总结】 段尾题——判断是“概括句”还是“过渡句” 设空在段尾，通常为结论性、概括性语句，若不是结论性、概括性语句，则考虑是过渡句，即通过空格把本段与下一段巧妙地衔接起来。 学生用书第31页 段尾总结句 经典感悟 答题微点 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) •Choose mindfully.Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason：they're special.With so many online posts featuring the same places，it's easy to feel like you're missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape，culture or food deeply draws you. 37 A．Visit during off-peak times. B．So，should we stop traveling? C．Travel for you and no one else. D．Can overtourism be avoided then? E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F．You'll find yourself virtually alone，or close to it. G．Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. 【解析】　本题考查段落总结句。本段主旨句是“Choose mindfully.”，再根据空前信息句“Go somewhere...draws you.”可推知，只有当目的地的景色、文化或食物真正吸引你时你再去。空处在结尾处，应该紧扣本段主旨句和空前内容，点明旅行应是为自己而不是为别人，与上文形成顺承关系。 自主解答： C 【方法总结】 段落过渡句 对本段内容进行总结概括，并引出下文话题，能够将该段和下段的内容连接起来。 经典感悟 答题微点 (2025·北京卷) As Alice Black points out，today's parents' fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and，thus，confident in themselves.Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book，The Life Cycle，mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery. 35 But Turner's other cycles are just as important.36.They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity．If these life cycles are delayed，interrupted，or denied，you feel incapable of accessing your states of self，controlling unpleasant feelings，and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world. A．It's also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles. B．They talk about someone's inability to support themselves through work. C．It's being able to show understanding when communicating with others. D．In other words，you're playing the game of life—life isn't playing you. E．They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity. F．You feel like an 18-year old，especially when playing 80s music. G．When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity. 【解析】　空格前后围绕 “孩子成长阶段与自我能力培养” 展开，空格处应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G 项 “当该阶段被剥夺时，会产生不安全感” 承接前文 “特定阶段”，“被剥夺(denied)” 与后文 “delayed，interrupted，or denied” 呼应，既具体说明该阶段受阻碍的直接影响，又为后文其他周期受影响的后果铺垫，逻辑连贯。 自主解答： G 【方法总结】 学生用书第32页 (2025·4月济南市高三模拟) Building habits of group vulnerability(脆弱)is like building a muscle.It takes time repetition，and the willingness to feel pain in order to achieve gains. 1 With that in mind，here are a few workout ideas，for both individuals and groups. Make sure the leader is vulnerable first and often: As we've seen，group cooperation is created by small，frequently repeated moments of vulnerability. 2 I saw a vivid example when I watched Danny Meyer run one of his morning meetings with his staff.Meyer is the founder of Union Square Cafe，Shake Shack，Gramercy Tavern，and a number of other restaurants that together are worth more than a billion dollars. 3 The staff meeting began with the group watching a video of Meyer's speech.Then the lights went up and Meyer spoke. “Can you see my leg shaking？” he asked the group.“ 4 I've given a lot of speeches，but the TED people wanted something more，something deeper and thoughtful.So I slept about three hours the night before，which is why I have those bags under my eyes.We had a terrible rehearsal (排练)，and I kept messing up the PowerPoint.So it was almost a complete terrible show.Except that I'm lucky enough to have some absolutely brilliant help.” He paused and pointed.“Thanks，Chip and Haley.They made the whole thing work.They wrote great stuff，gave me great advice，and kept me together.” Everyone looked at Chip and Haley and gave a short round of applause while Meyer looked on approvingly. Meyer delivered the scaring message with steadiness，confidence，and comfort that underlined the deeper message: It's safe to tell the truth here. 5 A．I was so nervous；I was shaking like a leaf. B．His vulnerability isn't weakness；it's his strength. C．Danny Meyer is a restaurant founder from St.Louis，Missouri. D．The night before my visit，he had delivered his first-ever TED Talk. E．And as with building muscle，the first key is to approach the process with a plan. F．Gentle pressure is my preferred technique for leadership，guidance，and coaching. G．Of these，none carries more power than the moment when a leader signals vulnerability. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养团队示弱习惯的方法，以餐厅创始人丹尼·迈耶为例，说明了领导者率先示弱对团队合作的重要性。 1．答案：E 解析：根据空格上下文可知，此处需要一个过渡句，将培养团队示弱习惯与锻炼肌肉进行类比，并引出下文关于培养习惯的具体方法。E选项符合语境，既提到了与锻炼肌肉的相似之处，又指出了要有计划，故选E。 2．答案：G 解析：根据空格上文可知，此处强调领导者示弱对团队合作的重要性。G选项进一步强调了领导者示弱的重要性，与上文衔接紧密，故选G。 3．答案：D 解析：根据上文可知，此处需要一个句子来引出迈耶演讲的相关内容。D选项符合语境，介绍了迈耶在会议前一晚进行了TED演讲，与下文观看演讲视频相呼应，故选D。 4．答案：A 解析：根据上文“Can you see my leg shaking？”可知，迈耶在描述自己的紧张状态。A选项进一步说明了他的紧张程度，与上文的“腿在颤抖”相呼应，故选A。 5．答案：B 解析：根据空格上文可知，迈耶通过示弱传达了积极的信息。B选项对迈耶的示弱进行了总结，说明示弱对他来说是一种优势，符合语境，故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $