8 专题强化训练6 主旨大意题——文章大意类-（配套课件）【金版新学案】2026年高考英语大二轮专题复习与测试

专题一　阅读理解 专题强化训练6　主旨大意题——文章大意类 A (2025·成都市第三次诊断) Some middle school students in Anne Arundel County are trying to solve a problem for one of their peers who uses a wheelchair.By doing so，they won a major award for their school，and it has qualified them for a nationwide competition. Southern Middle School students and their science teacher，Jenna Borman，are working on a prototype desk that they hope to attach to the wheelchair of their classmate，Kenneth，who has a special disease and uses a laptop as his primary means of communication. “At present，the iPad is in a pretty heavy case and has a strap (带子) that goes around his neck and a handle on the back of it for him to hold.When he's seated，it kind of just lays in his lap.It's not very easy for him to use，” Borman said.“Kenneth always has to hold his iPad，and so this project is going to help him just set it there so his hands are free，” said Julia Baker to the social media，a student of this school. What started off as an engineering after-school program has turned into an award-winning idea.The students recently won a statewide Science Technology Engineering Math (STEM) competition called “Solve for Tomorrow”，which came with $12，000 worth of technology for the school. “We thought it was just an idea for Kenneth，and then we won.So，it was like，wow，”said Avery Willet excitedly. “This whole project is really teaching us about how to work together and how we can help other people and not just us，” added Everleigh Finnelle. “I learned how to work with others and a lot of teamwork so that we could make this project the best it could be，” said Haley Brown. “There is still room for improvement.Our team is working on the prototype，making adjustments so it works perfectly for Kenneth.We're really most looking forward to seeing him using it and all of our work into it，” Finnelle said. The final design is not due for the national competition until next month. 语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了安妮阿伦德尔县的一些中学生为了帮助一位使用轮椅的同学而设计了一款原型书桌，并因此获得了一个重要奖项的故事。 1．Why did the students come up with the idea of the prototype desk? A．To test what they've learnt in school. B．To join a national technology contest. C．To support a classmate's special need. D．To complete a group engineering project. 细节理解题。根据第一段及第二段内容可知，学生们想出这个原型书桌的主意是为了支持一位同学的特殊需求。故选C。 √ 2．How did the students find their winning of the STEM award? A．Satisfying. B．Surprising. C．Comforting. D．Convincing. 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可推知，学生们对于赢得STEM奖项感到惊讶。故选B。 √ 3．What is Finnelle's attitude to the future of the prototype desk? A．Hopeful. B．Doubtful. C．Objective. D．Cautious. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可推知，Finnelle对原型书桌的未来持希望态度。故选A。 √ 4．What is the main idea of this text? A．A competition is gaining popularity. B．A team won an award with a special design. C．A new invention will come onto the market. D．A program fuels students' passion for science. 主旨大意题。根据第一段以及结合全文可知，本文主要报道了安妮阿伦德尔县的一些中学生为了帮助一位使用轮椅的同学而设计了一款原型书桌，并因此获得了一个重要奖项的故事。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是一个团队凭借一个特殊的设计赢得了一个奖项。故选B。 √ B (2025·昆明市“三诊一模”质量检测) Encouraging bilingualism，the ability to speak two languages equally well，at home can have many benefits on mental processes of understanding，which may be particularly helpful to kids with autism (自闭症)，a new research indicates. The new research explored the role of bilingualism in 112 children，including children with typical development and children with autism，between the ages of 7 to 12 years old.Overall，they found that children who spoke two or more languages often had stronger executive (执行) functioning skills.This means they are able to control the sudden desire and to switch between different tasks more easily than children who only speak one language. Published in the journal Autism Research，the results are significant because executive functioning skills are a key challenge for children with autism，but are important for all kids to develop in school and later in the workplace.While executive functioning skills develop and improve across the whole life，individuals with autism often struggle with executive functioning，affecting their ability to manage daily tasks and adapt to new situations. An idea called joint activation from the field of neuroscience (神经科学) can help explain the results.Prior research suggests that the bilingual brain has two languages constantly active and competing.As a result，the daily experience of shifting between these languages is associated with enhanced executive control.“If you have to deal with two languages，you have to control one intentionally in order to use the other.That's the idea，that restriction or the ability to stop you from doing something，might be strengthened by knowing two languages，” says Lucina Uddin，now a professor at the University of California，Los Angeles. “This will surely bring a sense of relief to many of our families living with loved ones with autism.But maybe it takes time to translate that to families，” says Lynn Perry，an associate professor at the University of Miami.Perry intends to conduct further research with preschool children to see if bilingualism also has an impact on kids' interpersonal skills，which are crucial for children's social and mental development. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项新的研究，该研究表明在家中鼓励掌握双语(即同样流利地说两种语言的能力)对理解的心理过程有许多好处，这可能对患有自闭症的孩子特别有帮助。 5．What can be learned about executive functioning skills? A．They help develop children's bilingualism. B．They contribute to children's sudden desire. C．They are hard to obtain for kids with autism. D．They are formed between the ages of 7 to 12. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Published in the journal Autism Research，the results are significant because executive functioning skills are a key challenge for children with autism，but are important for all kids to develop in school and later in the workplace.”可知，执行功能技能对于自闭症儿童来说是难以获得的，因为这对他们来说是一个关键挑战。故选C。 √ 6．How does the idea “joint activation” work? A．By activating the prior memory. B．By switching to other learning tasks. C．By preventing language competitions. D．By enhancing restriction on one language. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知，“联合激活”的概念是通过增强对一种语言的限制来起作用的，当你要使用一种语言时，得有意控制另一种语言。故选D。 √ 7．What might the follow-up study focus on? A．Bilingualism's application in other fields. B．Parents' rising awareness of bilingualism. C．Ways to cure preschool children with autism. D．Bilingualism's effect on kids' social interaction. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Perry intends to conduct further research with preschool children to see if bilingualism also has an impact on kids' interpersonal skills，which are crucial for children's social and mental development.”可知，后续的研究可能会集中在双语对孩子社交互动的影响上，因为研究人员想看看双语对孩子的人际交往技能是否有影响。故选D。 √ 8．What is the text mainly about? A．The benefits of being bilingual. B．The causes and effects of autism. C．The strategies to master two languages. D．The role bilingualism plays in fighting autism. 主旨大意题。根据第一、四段以及最后一段可知，文章认为双语在对抗自闭症方面有作用，后文围绕双语对自闭症儿童执行功能技能的影响以及相关原理等展开论述。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲的是双语在对抗自闭症中所起的作用。故选D。 √ C (2025·江西省重点中学第二次联考) It's a disturbing thought：At this very moment，tiny pieces of plastic are flowing through our bodies，a parade of unwelcome houseguests ready to take up residence in some tissue or organ.A wave of new studies has come out recently，and each one seems to paint an ever more vivid picture of how microplastics—and their smaller counterparts，nanoplastics—have infiltrated (渗入) the deepest corners of our body.The lungs，liver and heart，guts and brain—nothing seems to be spared. The outpouring of research has brought enormous visibility to how these fragments (碎片) infiltrate our daily lives.Microplastics long studied in oceans，waterways and marine life，researchers have now shifted focus to human health.A decade ago，Heather Leslie could scarcely find anyone to fund her work in this area.“It seemed like nobody wanted to touch it，” says Leslie，a microplastics researcher in the Netherlands whose team was the first to detect these particles in the human bloodstream several years ago. As the work has made progress，so have questions about the damage microplastics could be doing inside of us.Researchers tend to be cautious about making pronouncements because the field is still in a“pioneering phase”，as Leslie put it.And yet there are undoubtedly concerns.Some of the strongest evidence comes from lab studies using animals as well as what's already known about the damaging effects of chemicals added to plastics.A review of the data published Wednesday concludes that microplastics are suspected to harm human reproductive，digestive and breathing health，with a possible link to colon and lung cancer. “This is a signal that we should be acting now，” says Tracey Woodruff，a senior author on the study who directs the Program on Reproductive Health & the Environment at the University of California，San Francisco. Susanne Brander，an ecotoxicologist at Oregon State University，says it's not helpful to“trigger a tremendous state of alarm”，but she agrees that we already know enough about the health risks to push for substantive changes，including a global agreement to limit the rising production of plastics. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章旨在警示微塑料对人体健康的潜在威胁，强调尽管科学证据尚未完全确凿，但现有研究已足够推动社会采取预防性措施，减少塑料污染对人类与环境的长期风险。 9．What does the underlined phrase “a parade of unwelcome houseguests” in Paragraph 1 imply? A．Beneficial substances entering the body. B．Harmful particles invading the body. C．Organized movement against plastics. D．Medical treatment for plastics. √ 推理判断题。根据第一段“It's a disturbing thought：At this very moment，tiny pieces of plastic are flowing through our bodies”可知，a parade of unwelcome houseguests直译为“一群不受欢迎的客人”是对“微小的塑料碎片正渗入我们的身体”的进一步描述，这些微小的塑料碎片是有害的，所以这里指的是有害颗粒侵入身体。故选B。 10．What do lab studies using animals suggest? A．They go against previous findings about plastic additives. B．They prove the safety of microplastics in controlled conditions. C．They offer direct evidence of microplastics' harm to humans. D．They indicate possible risks needing further study in humans. 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，使用动物的实验室研究提供了一些证据，表明微塑料被怀疑对人类健康有害，有与结肠癌和肺癌的可能联系，这意味着它们暗示了可能存在的风险，需要在人类身上进一步调查。故选D。 √ 11．Which best shows Susanne Brander's attitude? A．Immediate action isn't needed without definite evidence. B．Global cooperation is important but needs more research. C．Current data is enough to support policy changes. D．The public should be alarmed to drive quick solutions. 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Susanne Brander认为不需要引起巨大的恐慌，但现有的关于健康风险的数据已经足够推动实质性的改变，包括达成全球协议来限制不断上升的塑料生产。故选C。 √ 12．What is the main idea of the passage? A．To emphasize the health risks of microplastics. B．To put forward solutions for reducing microplastics. C．To introduce Heather Leslie's research on microplastics. D．To compare microplastics and nanoplastics. 主旨大意题。根据第一段以及纵观全文可知，文章开篇指出微小的塑料碎片正渗入人体，接着介绍了新的研究表明微塑料已渗透到人体的各个部位，以及对其可能造成的危害的研究和担忧，最后提到应该采取行动。所以文章的主要内容是强调微塑料对健康的风险。故选A。 √ 谢 谢 观 看 ！ 返回 $