Unit 4 How can we become good learners Section A 课时达标练 2025-2026学年鲁教版五四学制2012英语八年级下册

Unit 4 How can we become good learners? Section A 重难疑点精讲 1. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation? 通过朗读来练习发音怎么样?(教材P26) 【辨析】 aloud、 loud 与 loudly aloud adv.大声地;出声地 指为了让别人听见而发声,常与 read、 speak、 cry等连用。 loud adv./ adj.大声地(的) 用来说明声音的强度,常与talk、 speak、 shout、 laugh等连用,多使用比较级。 loudly adv.大声地 多含有“喧闹”的意思,暗指不悦耳。 He read the letter aloud to us. 他把信念给我们听。 I can't hear you. Please speak louder. 我听不见你的声音。请大声点。 Don't speak loudly in public. 不要在公共场所大声喧哗。 练习 Listen! There is someone knocking at the door (loud). 2. Well, be patient,噢,耐心点。(教材P26) patient作形容词,意为“有耐心的”。它还可以作名词,意为“病人”,其复数形式为patients。 Doctor Li is always patient with his patients. 李医生总是对他的病人有耐心。 练习 Our English teacher is very . She always answers our questions .(patient) 3. The more you read, the faster you'll be. 你读得越多,你将读得越快。(教材P26) 【辨析】“the+比较级,the+比较级”与“比较级+and+比较级” the+比较级, the+比较级 越……,越…… 比较级+and+比较级 越来越…… The harder you work, the more you will get. 你工作越努力,你得到的就越多。 She felt herself becoming more and more nervous. 她感觉到自己变得越来越紧张。 练习 (1) The (努力) you practice, the greater progress you will make. (2)你越有礼貌,其他人就越喜欢你。 (3)雨越来越大了。小心开车。 4. Why did Wei Fen find it difficult to learn English?为什么魏芬发现学英语很难?(教材P27)find意为“发现”。“find+宾语+宾补”是复合宾语的用法。句中 it 是 find 的形式宾语,后面的动词不定式短语 to learn English 是真正的宾语, difficult 是宾补。 At my age, I would find it hard to get another job.到了我这个年纪,我发现很难找到另一份工作。 练习 (1) The twins look the same, even their father finds difficult to tell them from each other. A. that B. this C. it (2) When Sally finds it hard (fall) asleep, she usually drinks warm milk and listens to soft music. (3)我发现对我而言按时完成这项工作很难。 5、…I looked them up in a dictionary.……我在词典中查阅了它们。(教材P27) look up意为“(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅;抬头看”,是“动词+副词”结构的短语。代词作宾语时,须放在 look 和 up 之间;名词作宾语时,放在 up 之前或之后均可。 【拓展】由 look 构成的其他短语: The white clouds look like sheep. 白云看起来像绵羊。 Is it helpful for you to look through the newspaper?浏览报纸对你有帮助吗? Look over your paper carefully before handing it in.交试卷之前仔细检查一下。 I look forward to your guidance. 我期待你们的指导。 练习 (1)—I want to know more about how to use this word. —— You can in the dictionary. A. look up it B. look it up C. look it out D. look out it (2)我正在为我的报告查找新资料(material)。 课时达标1a——2d 课时基础达标 .根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写单词 1. It is very useful to read English a every morning. 2. I feel nervous to speak English in public because of my poor p . 3. Some (病人)are so poor that they can't afford to go to the hospital. 4. He improves his speaking skills by reading (句子). 5. There are some (课本) on the desk. .用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. You can learn new words by (make) new sentences with them. 2. It's too hard to understand (speak) English. 3. At first, it's hard for me (study) English grammar. 4. What about (ask) the police for help? 5. The higher you stand, the (far) you can see. .根据提示写句子或根据汉语提示翻译句子 1.当你想询问对方学英语的方法时,你可以这样问: 2. 3.那位专家什么时候给我们做报告?(report) 4.如果你逐字读,你需要三天才能读完那本书。(finish doing sth.) 5.现在来做单词卡片怎么样?(what/ how about) 6.房间越干净,你就会感觉越舒服。(the+比较级,the+比较级) 7.当别人说话时,这名护士能足够耐心地认真倾听。(enough) 8.他说话声音很低。太难听清楚他说什么了。(it's+ adj.+ to do sth.) 课时能力达标 .完形填空 English is an important subject in middle school. Everyone knows that they need to learn English 1 . But some people don't know how to learn it. Here are some 2 . I hope they can help you. You can listen to English radio. It can help you to 3 your English listening. You can listen to the radio for 30 minutes every day. When you find it too fast, you can 4 to catch the key words and get the main idea. Do you really want to learn English well? You need to speak to people in English. Don't be afraid of making mistakes. It is important to open your 5 and speak. Reading and writing are also very important. Choose 6 interesting to read. It can't be too 7 for you. And don't stop to 8 the new words in the dictionary. You can also 9 their meanings from the context. Keeping a diary is a good way for your writing, too. You can check every word in your diary 10 after writing. 1. A. good B. badly C. well D. bad 2. A. games B. ways C. heads D. tops 3. A. decide B. finish C. believe D. improve 4. A. try B. enter C. push D. look 5. A. eye B. arm C. mouth D. voice 6. A. something B. somewhere C. nothing D. everywhere 7. A. primary B. difficult C. easy D. short 8. A. look up B. point at C. go over D. pick up 9. A. carry B. make C. guess D. take 10. A. really B. easily C. correctly D. carefully V.阅读理解 Do you have problems with memorizing(记忆) new words? One way you can have a try is “structured reviewing(结构化复习)”. It means continuous(持续的) reviewing of what we have learned in order to better understand it. We all agree that people forget information they have learned if they don't review it in time. Steps of structured reviewing Memorize five sentences with new words. Review them six times a day. Review them once a day for 5 days. Review them once a week. Learn five new words every day. We can learn five different sentences with a new word in each sentence. On the first day in the early morning, we can write them down a few times while reading them aloud so that we can memorize them. Moreover, we need to review them six times a day, including after the first lesson, after lunch at the school and after dinner. On the second day in the early morning, we go over the first day's sentences. Then we learn five new sentences with five new words just as we did the day before. For each day's sentences, after we have reviewed them for five continued days, we just need to review them once a week. Then once a month. Through this method, we store them in our long-term memory and will never forget them. Result of using this method “I used to hate new English words. I became even annoyed when I lost points because of the words. But new words couldn't be avoided. So, I changed my ways of memorizing the words. Now I review them in time. It seems to work well,” says Frank. 1. We can put“ ” in the blank(空白处). A. Review them twice a year. B. Review them once a year. C. Review them twice a month. D. Review them once a month. 2. What does the underlined word “annoyed” mean in the last paragraph? A. Angry. B. Bored. C. Relaxed. D. Excited. 3. Why does the writer mention Frank's experience? A. To encourage us not to give up learning. B. To tell us new words couldn't be avoided. C. To show structured reviewing is helpful. D. To let us know how Frank learned new English words. 4. What can we know from the passage? A. Monthly reviews start after 5 days of daily reviews. B. Frank has given up learning the new words now. C. We should review new words 6 times on the first day. D. Structured reviewing is the best way to learn new things. 5. Which is the best title for the passage? A. Short-term Memory Training B. A Secret of Memorizing New Words C. The Importance of Daily Review D. How to Learn English Sentences 课时达标3a——4c 课时基础达标 .根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写单词 1. His facial e showed that he was in a lot of pain(痛苦). 2. Our English teacher always explains g clearly to us, so we can understand it easily. 3.—— What should I do when teachers write something on the blackboard? ———— You should take n carefully at that time. 4. Could you please r your address? I didn't hear you clearly. 5. Which subject do you like better, p or chemistry? 6. You can cut the paper into different (图案), such as animals, flowers and so on. .用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. It is hard for me (memorize)English words. 2. The scientists made an important (discover) after years of hard work. 3. Have you ever seen the movie (call) The Battle at Lake Changjin? 4. The little girl is afraid (make) mistakes in front of people, so she doesn't want to speak in public. .根据汉语意思完成句子或翻译句子 1. Jack 通过制作单词卡片来记忆单词。 Jack by making word cards. 2.我花了20分钟在词典中查阅生词。 I spent 20 minutes the new words in the dictionary. 3.对学生们来说,知道学习的重要性是必要的。 It's necessary for students the importance of studying. 4.听有趣的东西是语言学习的秘诀。(the secret to) 5.对我来说这是小菜一碟。(a piece of cake) 6.我们需要不断学习,这样我们才不会落后。(fall behind) 7.我朋友发现在物理课堂上做笔记很重要。(find it+adj.+to do sth.) 课时能力达标 .综合填空 根据短文内容,从方框中选词并用其适当形式填空,使文章内容完整且符合逻辑。(每词限用一次) mistake, although, sentence, practice, quick, hang, help, you, use, try “How can I improve English?” My students have been asking this question.1. the answer won't be proper for everyone, I'm still going to tell you some of my experience. I hope that you'll improve2. English learning skills. One thing is that, once you begin learning English, you should 3. to think in English as much as possible. If you see something when you' re walking down the street, just think about “How can I say it in English?” At first, you may only think of some simple words. However, you can think of long sentences later by 4. . Now I'm in America, and for most of the time, I think in English and speak it directly(直接地).It's amazing how much this 5. . When I started learning, I was often afraid of talking with others in English because I didn't want to make 6. . Finally, I had a chance to get over it. While traveling in America,I7. out with American friends, so I had to speak English. Also, I decided if I said wrong 8. , I would just let it go. After that, my English started to improve 9. . Besides, it may be a 10. idea to ask your American friends to look at the way you' re writing and give you some advice. V.阅读表达 Do you understand English better than you can speak it? That's really normal. It's the process of learning. Probably you have a lot more practice in listening and reading than in speaking. But speaking practice is important for truly mastering(掌握) the language. Here are some practical ways to help you improve your speaking skills. One effective way is to actively use new words and phrases in imaginary conversations. When you learn a new word, think about how you can use it in your next conversation. For example, once you learn the word “excited”, imagine saying “I'm excited about the school trip next week!” Practice by talking to yourself can help you feel more confident when speaking in a real-life context. Another helpful way is to connect new words and phrases to your existing(已有的)knowledge. Suppose you learn “ambitious(雄心勃勃的)”. You can think of a hard-working classmate and say, “He is so ambitious that he always sets high goals for himself”. This makes it easier to remember new words. Moreover, instead of just translating words in your head, write down any new words you learn in a complete sentence with a context. If you learn “efficient”, you can write “Our new study method is more efficient than the old one”. Instead of a word for word translation, this helps you remember the sentence structure and how the word is used naturally. Most importantly, avoid relying on a translator or AI. When you can't think of an English word, try to describe what you mean in other English words. For example, if you can't remember “elevator”, say “the thing we use to go upstairs”. This trains your brain to think in English. This practice is crucial(关键的) because we won't always have a translator at hand. Remember, improving speaking skills requires active practice and progress takes time. So stay patient and keep practicing, and you' ll gradually speak more fluently. 根据短文内容,完成下列各题。 1. What can talking to yourself help you? 2. Why does the writer suggest connecting new words to your existing knowledge? 3. How many practical ways are there in the passage? 4. What can you do to remember the sentence structure? 5. What does the writer suggest doing when you can't think of an English word? Can you give an example?(答案须与文中例句不同) 单元语法突破 语法精讲 by的用法 1. by+地点名词,表位置,意为“在……旁;靠近”。a house by the river 河边的一座房子 2. by+时间名词,意为“到……时;不迟于……;在……之前”,如 by three o’clock/ noon/ the end of…/ now等。 Can you finish the work by 5 o’ clock? 你五点前能完成工作吗? 3.表示动作的执行者,用于被动语态,意为“被;由”。 4.多与 go/ walk/ pass 等连用,意为“从……旁经过”。 5. by+表示方式的名词,表方式、手段等,意为“用;靠;通过……(而达到某事预期的目的)”, by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”,在句中作方式状语,对 by短语提问用 how。 6. by+交通工具/交通方式名词(名词前不加冠词,不变复数),意为“通过……;由……;乘……”,如 by train/ taxi/ bus/ truck/ bike/boat/ plane, by land/ road/ sea/ water/ air等。I always go to school by bike. 我总是骑自行车去上学。 语法精练 .用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. I want to improve my English by (watch) English movies. 2. I told him the news by (send)him a message. 3. Jenny studies French by (listen) to the radio. .根据汉语意思翻译句子 1.通过听收音机学英语也是个好办法。 2. Annie是通过看英语节目改善她的发音的。 3.这位老人通过卖报纸谋生。 4.你能自己完成这项工作吗? 5.按意群阅读词组,而不是逐个单词阅读。 6.她经常坐火车回家。 7.他们正坐在河边聊天。 Section A 重难疑点精讲 1. loudly 2. patient; patiently 3.(1) harder (2) The more polite you are, the more others will like you. (3) It's raining more and more heavily. Drive(more) carefully. 4.(1)C (2) to fall (3)I found it difficult for me to finish the work on time. 5.(1)B(2)I am looking up new materials for my report now. 课时达标1a——2d 课时基础达标 .1. aloud 2. pronunciation 3. patients 4. sentences5. textbooks .1. making 2. spoken 3. to study 4. asking5. farther .1. How do you learn English? 2. Mary learns English by making word cards. 3. When will the expert give us a report? 4. If you read word by word, you need three days to finish reading the book. 5. What/ How about making word cards now? 6. The cleaner the room is, the more comfortable you' ll feel, 7. The nurse is patient enough to listen carefully when others speak. 8. He speaks in a low voice. It's too hard/ difficult to hear him clearly. 课时能力达标 .1—5 CBDAC 6—10 ABACD V.1—5 DACCB 课时达标3a——4c 课时基础达标 .1. expression 2. grammar 3. notes 4. repeat5. physics 6. patterns .1. to memorize 2. discovery 3. called 4. to make .1. memorizes words 2. looking up 3. to know4. Listening to something interesting is the secret to language learning. 5. It's a piece of cake for me.6. We need to keep learning so that we won't fall behind. 7. My friend finds it important to take notes in the physics class. 课时能力达标 .1. Although 2. your 3. try 4. practicing5. helps 6. mistakes 7. hung 8. sentences9. quickly 10. useful V.1. It can help you feel more confident when speaking in a real-life context. 2. Because this makes it easier to remember new words. 3. Four/4. 4. We can write down any new words we learn in a complete sentence with a context. 5. Trying to describe what we mean in other English words. For example, if we can't remember “fridge”, say “the thing we use to keep food fresh/ cold”.(例句答案不唯一,合理即可) 单元语法突破 .1. watching 2. sending 3. listening .1. It is also a good way to learn English by listening to the radio./ Learning English by listening to the radio is also a good way. 2. Annie improved her pronunciation by watching English programs. 3. The old man makes a living by selling newspapers. 4. Can you finish the work by yourself? 5. Read phrases by word groups instead of reading word by word. 6. She often goes home by train. 7. They are sitting by the river and chatting. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $