Unit 1 When was he born 单元语法突破 2025-2026学年鲁教版（五四学制）2012英语八年级下册

Unit 1 When was he born? 单元语法突破 语法精讲 一、被动语态 被动语态由“be动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成,如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者,句子后面需要接“by...”。 句型结构: 肯定句:主语+be动词+及物动词的过去分词(+ by…)+其他. 否定句:主语+be动词+not+及物动词的过去分词(+ by…)+其他. 一般疑问句:Be动词+主语+及物动词的过去分词(+ by…)+其他? 【注意】被动语态的时态是由 be动词的时态决定的,be动词是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后的过去分词不变。 We planted many trees last year. 去年我们种了许多树。 Many trees were planted (by us) last year. Many trees were not planted (by us) last year. ———— Were many trees planted (by us) last year? —— Yes, they were./ No, they weren't. 二、 when 和 how long的用法 when 用作疑问副词,意为“什么时候(时间);何时”,用于对时间状语(如 yesterday、in 2020、 two days ago 等)进行提问。提问钟点时相当于 what time。 用作连词,意为“当……的时候”,用来引导时间状语从句,说明主句动作或状态发生或存在的时间。 how long 疑问副词短语,用来引导特殊疑问句,意为“多长时间;多久”,主要用于对一段时间(如 for three days、 sincefour weeks ago等)进行提问。 语法精练 .用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1. Mr. King (look)after by his aunt when he was a baby. 2. The house (build)in the 19th century and was a typical style of that time. 3. June 8th (name) by the UN in 2009 as World Oceans Day. 4.—— Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —— Yes, it (write) by Aron Ralston. 5. No matter how many difficulties we meet, we believe all problems will be (solve). .根据要求完成下列各题 1. Shenzhou X set out successfully on May 30,2023.(对画线部分提问) Shenzhou X set out successfully? 2. She stayed there for a week.(对画线部分提问) she there? 3. My father took this photo 10 years ago.(改为被动语态) This photo by my father 10 years ago. 4. His mother made a big cake for his birthday.(改为被动语态) A big cake by his mother for his birthday. .语法填空 根据短文内容,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词。 Deng Qingming is one of the three Chinese astronauts carrying out China'sShenzhou-15 spaceship mission.He1. (final) got the chance to go to space after nearly 25 years of preparation. Deng was born in a village in Jiangxi Province in 1966. As his 2. (parent) both worked in the fields, he had to look after his younger brothers and sisters. At that time, his dream was to go to college and find a job 3. (help) his family. Deng 4. (be) a member of the Chinese People's Liberation Army AirForce(中国人民解放军空军) since 1984.When he left his village that year, his friends came to say goodbye to him. He was deeply touched and decided to work hard. Years of hard 5. (train) made him an excellent pilot, and he was chosen as one of the6. ( one) group of Chinese astronauts in 1998. For a long time, Deng served as a backup(后备) astronaut. His road to space was7. ( long) than that of his teammates. He spent almost all of his time preparing and waiting and he 8. (give) the chance to travel to space in the end. Besides that, Deng's wife supported him a lot. She 9. (take) care of the whole family and never complained. “You've set an example for 10. (we)daughter and we are proud of you,” she told him. After a long wait, he flew into space byShenzhou-15 spaceship in November 2022 at last. Twenty-five years was quite a long time, but Deng never gave up. Whenever the nation needs him, he is always waiting there, ready to take on any challenge. .1. was looked 2. was built 3. was named 4. was written 5. solved .1, When did 2. How long did; stay 3. was taken 4. was made .1. finally 2. parents 3. to help 4. has been5. training 6. first 7. longer 8. was given9. took 10. our 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $