专题07 阅读表达（期中真题汇编，湖南专用）八年级英语下学期

专题07 知识运用之阅读表达 主题01 人与社会——传统节日；传统运动；社会实验；社会问题；人物故事；寓言故事 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南永州柳子中学·期中) Long ago, there was a monster (怪物) called “Nian”. At the end of the winter, he often appeared in a village and ate the animals and villagers. The monster seemed very strong and nobody could fight him. So the villagers had to hide in the mountains to keep themselves safe. One day, a smart old man came to the village. He told an old woman how to scare (把……吓跑) Nian away. That evening when Nian arrived at the village, he saw that only the old woman’s house was bright. Nian got close to the house. Suddenly, he heard the noise of firecrackers (鞭炮). The monster felt afraid and jumped. And then he found the house was covered in red paper. This scared him even more and he ran out of the village quickly. When the other villagers returned, they saw that the old woman didn’t die! The villagers later learned that Nian was afraid of red colors, light and loud noises. They decided to put up red couplets (对联), set off (点燃) firecrackers and stay up late when it was time for Nian’s visit at the end of winter. That is the legend (传奇) of how the Spring Festival celebration began. 1． Did Nian live in a village? 2． What would happen when Nian visited the village? 3． From whom did the villager know the way to scare Nian away? 4． Do you know other stories about festivals ? Which festival is it? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．No, he didn’t. 2．He ate the animals and villagers. 3．A smart old man. 4．Yes, the Dragon Boat Festival. It commemorates Qu Yuan, a poet who drowned himself. People race dragon boats and eatzongzi to remember him. 5．村民们后来得知，年兽害怕红色、光亮和大的噪音。 【导语】本文介绍了春节的来历，人们贴对联、放鞭炮、守岁是为了赶走“年兽”。 1．根据“At the end of the winter, he often appeared in a village and ate the animals and villagers.”可知，年兽在冬天结束时出现在村庄，因此它不住在村里。故填No, he didn’t. 2．根据“he often appeared in a village and ate the animals and villagers.”可知，年兽吃动物和村民。故填He ate the animals and villagers. 3．根据“One day, a smart old man came to the village. He told an old woman how to scare (把……吓跑) Nian away”可知，村民从老人那里知道把年兽吓跑的方法。故填A smart old man. 4．开放性问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：Yes, the Dragon Boat Festival. It commemorates Qu Yuan, a poet who drowned himself. People race dragon boats and eat zongzi to remember him. 5．The villagers“村民们”；later“后来”；learned“知道了”；that接从句；Nian“年兽”；was afraid of“害怕”；red colors, light and loud noises“红色、光亮和大的噪音”。故填：村民们后来得知，年兽害怕红色、光亮和大的噪音。 Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南长沙宁乡西部六乡镇·期中) As an ancient Chinese sport, the game of jianzi is quite popular now. Most people in China may have seen or even played this shuttlecock sport at least once in their lifetime. The sport of jianzi first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty (朝代). It is believed that jianzi was from a football—like game called cuju. At that time, many children made jianzi at home, using round pieces of tin (锡片) with chicken feathers (鸡毛). During the Han Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, jianzi became the most popular. In 1933, China hosted the first national jianzi competition. In 1984, jianzi was officially (正式地) seen as a Chinese national sport. These days, Jianzi is getting more and more popular around the world. You can see people in foreign countries play this feathered sport. And it gets different names in different countries, such as đá cầu in Vietnam, Federfussball in Germany, and Jegichagi in Korea. And do you know how to play jianzi? It seems easy. You just need to keep the jianzi “afloat” (漂浮的) with your feet. While it is true that it needs players to use their feet to keep the jianzi afloat, using other body parts, such as your knees and chest, is also allowed. Although you may not plan to play jianzi anytime soon, learning about it is important to better understand Chinese culture. And since it’s simple and relaxing to play jianzi, why don’t you get a jianzi to develop your jianzi skills from now on? 1．When did jianzi first appear? 2．What was jianzi made of? 3．Does jianzi have the same name all over the world? 4．How do people play jianzi? 5．What do you think of the sport of jianzi? 【答案】1．It first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty. 2．It was made of round pieces of tin with chicken feathers. 3．No, it doesn’t. 4．People need to keep the jianzi “afloat” with their feet, and using other body parts, such as knees and chest, is also allowed. 5．It is an ancient, popular, simple and relaxing sport, and learning about it is important to better understand Chinese culture. 【导语】本文主要介绍了毽子这一古老的中国运动，包括其起源、发展、在国外的流行情况、玩法，以及学习踢毽子对了解中国文化的重要性。 1．根据“The sport of jianzi first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty (朝代).”可知，毽子运动首次出现在周朝。故填It first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty. 2．根据“At that time, many children made jianzi at home, using round pieces of tin (锡片) with chicken feathers (鸡毛).”可知，当时毽子是用带鸡毛的圆形锡片制成的。故填It was made of round pieces of tin with chicken feathers. 3．根据“And it gets different names in different countries ...”可知，毽子在不同国家有不同的名字，应作否定回答。故填No, it doesn’t. 4．根据“You just need to keep the jianzi ‘afloat’ (漂浮的) with your feet. While it is true that it needs players to use their feet to keep the jianzi afloat, using other body parts, such as your knees and chest, is also allowed.”可知，玩家需要用脚让毽子保持漂浮，同时也允许使用膝盖和胸部等其他身体部位。故填People need to keep the jianzi “afloat” with their feet, and using other body parts, such as knees and chest, is also allowed. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为It is an ancient, popular, simple and relaxing sport, and learning about it is important to better understand Chinese culture. Passage 3 (24-25八下·湖南常德澧县·期中) Tomb-sweeping (扫墓) Day is also called the Qingming Festival. It’s a traditional Chinese festival on around April 5th. It could go back to Hanshi Day (Cold Food Day) to remember the man named Jie Zitui. But people truly started to celebrate it in the year 732. So it has a long history of over 1,000 years. On that day, Chinese people must remember their ancestors (祭奠祖先). Young and old sweep the tombs and offer food, tea, wine, joss paper (钱纸) and other things to their ancestors. When we talk about the Qingming Festival, a famous Chinese poem “Qingming” may come up to our minds. The poet DuMu wrote “A drizzling rain falls like tears during the Qingming Festival; The mourner’s heart is breaking on his way.” He showed his sadness and his feeling of missing to their ancestors. When we talk about the Qingming Festival, we usually think of a very famous Chinese painting. Yes. Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》) is a painting created by Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan. Zhang was born in 1085 and died in 1145. The painting shows the everyday life of people. It also shows the beautiful looks of the Bianjing City. The fantastic painting is seen as national treasure (国宝). 1．When is the Tomb-sweeping Day? 2．What do Chinese people usually do to remember their ancestor on that day? 3．Who painted Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival? 4．What does “Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival” show? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．It’s on around April 5th. 2．They sweep the tombs and offer food, tea, wine, joss paper and other things to their ancestors. 3．Zhang Zeduan. 4．It shows the everyday life of people and the beautiful looks of the Bianjing City. 5．清明时节雨纷纷。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了清明节的时间、人们的习俗，还提及了相关的著名诗歌及《清明上河图》的创作者和所展现的内容。 1．根据“Tomb-sweeping (扫墓) Day is also called the Qingming Festival. It’s a traditional Chinese festival on around April 5th.”可知，清明节大约在4月5日。故填It’s on around April 5th. 2．根据“On that day, Chinese people must remember their ancestors (祭奠祖先). Young and old sweep the tombs and offer food, tea, wine, joss paper (钱纸)and other things to their ancestors.”可知，中国人在那天通过扫墓以及向祖先供奉食物、茶、酒、钱纸等物品来祭奠祖先。故填They sweep the tombs and offer food, tea, wine, joss paper and other things to their ancestors. 3．根据“Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》) is a painting created by Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan.”可知，《清明上河图》是张择端画的。故填Zhang Zeduan. 4．根据“The painting shows the everyday life of people. It also shows the beautiful looks of the Bianjing City.”可知，《清明上河图》展示了人们的日常生活以及汴京的美丽景象。故填It shows the everyday life of people and the beautiful looks of the Bianjing City. 5．句中“A drizzling rain”意为“细雨，毛毛雨”；“falls”是动词“fall”的第三人称单数形式，意为“落下”；“like tears”是介词短语作状语，意为“像眼泪一样”；“during the Qingming Festival”是介词短语作时间状语，意为“在清明节期间”。故填：清明时节雨纷纷。 Passage 4 (24-25八下·湖南衡东一中教育集团·期中) What Would You Do? is a TV program on American ABC． The program which is hosted by the news reporter John Quinones is popular with many people. It tests what people will do when they see someone in trouble in order to remind (提醒) us to stand up for the people in need. Here is last week’s program. In a cake shop, an actress acted as a blind woman named Pamela, and an actor acted as a man clerk who looked down upon the blind woman. Hidden cameras were recording what would happen. The blind woman came into the shop and bought a box of twelve cup cakes. The clerk treated the woman badly at first. Then he cheated (欺骗) her when he gave her the change. He only gave her 6 single dollar bills instead of 34 dollars. Would someone be brave enough to stand up for the blind woman? Yes! A customer in the cake shop stopped the clerk from cheating the blind woman and treating her badly. And other customers joined in soon. John appeared in the end and interviewed the first customer who helped Pamela out. (5)She said it was necessary to give a hand to the people in need. “A psychology (心理学) professor once said,” she said. “It’s difficult to take the first step to stand up. It needs courage.” 1．What’s the name of the TV program? 2．What’s the purpose (目的) of the TV program? 3．Where was the blind woman? 4．Who treated the blind woman badly? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．What Would You Do? 2．To remind us to stand up for the people in need. 3．In a cake shop. 4．The man clerk. 5．她说有必要向有需要的人伸出援助之手。 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了美国ABC电视台的一档节目《你会怎么做？》，通过模拟现实场景测试人们在看到他人遇到困难时的反应，旨在呼吁人们勇于帮助需要帮助的人。 1．根据文章“What Would You Do? is a TV program on American ABC.”可知，节目的名称是《你会怎么做？》。故填What Would You Do? 2．根据文章“It tests what people will do when they see someone in trouble in order to remind (提醒) us to stand up for the people in need.”可知，节目的目的是提醒人们帮助需要帮助的人。故填To remind us to stand up for the people in need. 3．根据文章“In a cake shop, an actress acted as a blind woman named Pamela...”可知，盲人女士在蛋糕店里。故填In a cake shop. 4．根据文章“an actor acted as a man clerk”和“The clerk treated the woman badly at first.”可知，对盲人女士态度恶劣的是男店员。故填The man clerk. 5．she“她”，said“说”，后接宾语从句；句式“it is+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是怎么样的”；necessary“必要的”，give a hand to sb.“向某人提供帮助”，the people in need“有需要的人”。故填：她说有必要向有需要的人伸出援助之手。 Passage 5 (24-25八下·湖南岳阳湘阴县城南四校联考·期中) How do you go to school every day? Do you go to school by bus, by car or on foot? It is convenient (便利的) and safe for most of us to go to school. But for the children in the movie Walking to School, it is not the same. Walking to School is a movie about an 11-year-old boy Wawa and his sister. They live in a small village in Yunnan. The villagers live a very poor life. There is a big river between the school and the village. It’s difficult for students to get to school. They can’t go by boat because the river runs too quickly. So students there go on a ropeway (索道) to cross the river to school. At first,he is not afraid. He wants to go to school and studies like his sister. He crosses the river on school days. But one day his sister drops into (掉入) the river and can never come back. After that, there is always a strong sadness (悲伤) in his eyes. It is their dream to have a bridge. With the help of the country and people, their dream comes true. It is a true story. Many people are inspired (鼓舞) by the lives of the children in Yunnan province. More and more people begin to care about the children in the poor area. 1．What is the movie Walking to School about? 2．Why can’t Wawa and his sister go to school by boat? 3．How do the students in the small village of Yunnan go to school? 4．Does their dream to have a bridge come true? 5．将短文中画线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．It's about an 11-year-ld boy Wawa and his sister. 2．Because the river runs too quickly. 3．They go on a ropeway to cross the river to school. / By going on a ropeway ./ By ropeway. 4．Yes，it does. / Yes. 5．越来越多的人开始关心贫困地区的孩子 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，围绕电影《走路上学》展开，讲述了云南一个小村庄里孩子上学的艰难情况，包括上学方式、遇到的困难以及建桥梦想成真的故事，还提及该故事对人们的影响。 1．根据“Walking to School is a movie about an 11-year-old boy Wawa and his sister.”可知，这部电影是关于一个11岁男孩瓦瓦和他妹妹的故事。故填It’s about an 11-year-old boy Wawa and his sister. 2．根据“They can't go by boat because the river runs too quickly.”可知，因为河流流速太快，所以他们不能乘船上学。故填Because the river runs too quickly. 3．根据“So students there go on a ropeway (索道) to cross the river to school.”可知，云南这个小村庄的学生通过索道过河去上学。故填They go on a ropeway to cross the river to school. / By going on a ropeway ./ By ropeway. 4．根据“With the help of the country and people, their dream comes true.”可知，他们建桥的梦想实现了，应作肯定回答。故填Yes, it does. / Yes. 5．“More and more people”是“越来越多的人”；“begin to do sth.”是“开始做某事”；“care about”是“关心；关注”；“the children in the poor area”是“贫困地区的孩子”，故填：越来越多的人开始关注贫困地区的孩子。 Passage 6 (24-25八下·湖南永州道县·期中) Talking about Hunan Province, what comes to your mind first? Unquestionably, the answer goes to Hunan dishes, which are called as Xiang dishes. Hunan dishes, with a history of more than two thousand years, are famous for its spicy taste. It is one of China’s eight schools of dishes. Chili peppers (辣椒) are the most important and popular part in Hunan dishes. They were introduced from South America in the late 1690s. Since then, they have won the hearts of Hunan people. While Sichuan dishes are famous for its classic “numbing-hot (麻辣)” taste, Hunan dishes are known for being “hot”. Hunan people invented many ways to cook chili peppers. For example, they eat fresh chili peppers into small pieces and mix them with salt, they use these salted chilli to steam (蒸) fish heads. Then it has become a classical dish around the world. Some say Hunan people love chili because they can help people get used to the damp (潮湿的) weather. The chili can drive away the dampness in one’s body. Chilli has now become a part of Hunan culture. It is believed that the chili and the personality (个性) of Hunan people have something in common. Usually described as direct, brave and hard-working, Hunan people are famous for their “hot personalities”. It is clear that they would fall in love with chili. 1．How long is the history of Hunan dishes? 2．When were chili peppers introduced into China? 3．What are Hunan dishes well-known for? 4．What do you think of Hunan people? 5．把划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．More than two thousand years. 2．In the late 1690s. 3．They are known for being “hot”. 4．Direct, brave and hard-working. 5．显然，他们会爱上辣椒。 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名的湘菜以辛辣的味道而闻名，是中国八大菜系之一，并且介绍了湘菜中辣椒的使用，由来以及湖南人火辣的性格。 1．根据“Hunan dishes, with a history of more than two thousand years...”可知，湖南菜的历史有两千多年了。故填More than two thousand years. 2．根据“They were introduced from South America in the late 1690s.”可知，辣椒在17世纪90年代末期被引入中国。故填In the late 1690s. 3．根据“...Hunan dishes are known for being ‘hot’.”可知，湖南菜以“辣”而出名。故填They are well-known for being “hot”. 4．根据“Usually described as direct, brave and hard-working, Hunan people are famous for their ‘hot personalities’.”可知，湖南人直率、勇敢、勤奋。故填Direct, brave and hard-working. 5．clear：明显的；they：他们；fall in love with：爱上；chili：辣椒。故答案为：显然，他们会爱上辣椒。 Passage 7 (24-25八下·湖南衡阳八中教育集团·期中) Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away (过世) on February 6th, 2025, in Wuhan, because of his illness. Huang was known as the chief (首席的) designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors (荣誉). Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 09I and Type 09II, from the 1950s to the 1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine, and in my opinion, it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine. As China’s navy (海军) started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the "Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines". Huang was born (出生) in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at Shanghai Jiao Tong University from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities (品质), Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame (克服) many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine. Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded (被授予) national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, and in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019. Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He donated (捐赠) over 20 million yuan of his money to support (支持) scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. 5. As soon as the country needed him, he would offer to help without thinking twice. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and national defense (防御), which encourages (鼓励) us to try our best to make our country stronger. 1．How old was Huang Xuhua when he died? 2．What did the writer think of China’s first nuclear submarine? 3．Why did Huang Xuhua give away more than 20 million yuan? 4．What can you learn from Huang Xuhua? 5．把划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．2. 3．It performed better than the first US nuclear submarine. 4．To support scientific research, education and the spread of scientific knowledge. 5．We must try our best to make our country stronger.（答案不唯一，合理即可） 6．国家一需要他，他就会不假思索/不做多想地（主动）提供帮助。 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国著名科学家黄旭华的生平事迹，包括他在中国首艘核潜艇研发中的关键作用、所获得的荣誉、个人经历以及对科技和青年成长的关心。 1．根据文中“Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away (过世) on February 6th, 2025, in Wuhan, because of his illness.”以及“Huang was born (出生) in Guangdong Province in 1926.”可知，黄旭华于1926年出生，2025年去世，去世时年龄为2025-1926=99岁。故填99。 2．根据文中“In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine, and in my opinion, it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine.”可知，作者认为中国的第一艘核潜艇比美国的第一艘核潜艇表现更好。故填It performed better than the first US nuclear submarine。 3．根据文中“He donated (捐赠) over 20 million yuan of his money to support (支持) scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge.”可知，黄旭华捐赠超过2000万元是为了支持科学研究、教育和科学知识的传播。故填To support scientific research, education and the spread of scientific knowledge。 4．这是一个开放性问题，答案因人而异。但可以根据文章内容和黄旭华的事迹来回答。例如“We must try our best to make our country stronger.”，因为黄旭华一生致力于发展中国的核潜艇工业和国防事业，他的事迹鼓励我们尽最大努力使国家更强大。故填We must try our best to make our country stronger（答案不唯一，合理即可）。 5．“As soon as”意为“一……就……”；“the country”意为“国家”；“needed him”意为“需要他”；“he would offer to help”意为“他会主动提供帮助”；“without thinking twice”意为“不假思索/不做多想”。故填：国家一需要他，他就会不假思索/不做多想地（主动）提供帮助。 Passage 8 (24-25八下·湖南张家界慈利县·期中)      Do you know about crows? They are black birds that might seem scary to some people. But not all crows are scary. They are actually very interesting and have some amazing qualities. There are 46 main types of crows around the world. Crows are very smart. They can remember people they meet. If you see a crow today, it might remember you the next time it sees you. Also, there is a story named A thirsty Crow. It was very hot and the crow was very thirsty. It found a bottle with some water in it, but the bottle was too narrow (狭窄的) for the crow to drink from. The crow was clever. It picked up small stones and dropped them into the bottle. As the stones filled the bottle, the water rose, and the crow could drink. Crows are also very caring. When a crow is a baby, its mother takes care of it. She finds food for her baby. When the mother crow gets old, the baby crow takes care of her and finds food for her too. Crows are friendly as well. They often share food with each other and help weak ones. Some even bring small gifts to kind people. Now you know more about crows, what do you think? Crows are not just scary black birds. They are smart, caring, and friendly. Learning more about animals is valuable, and we shouldn’t judge (判断) them by their looks. Crows are a great example of why we should respect all animals on our planet. As the saying goes, “Don’t judge a book by its cover, ” and this is true for crows too. 1．What amazing qualities do crows have according to the text? 2．How many main types of crows are there in the world？ 3．What can the story A thirsty Crow show about crows? 4．Why is it important to respect all animals on our planet ? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Crows are smart, caring, and friendly. 2．3. 4．The story shows that the crow is clever./The story shows that the crow can solve the problem and find a way to get what it needs. 5．Because they each have unique qualities and are helpful for the ecosystem in their own way./Because they are parts of the ecosystem. 6．不要以貌取人。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要围绕乌鸦展开，从多个角度介绍其特点，传递“不应以貌取人，需尊重动物”的理念。 1．根据“They are smart, caring, and friendly.”可知，乌鸦拥有的惊人品质是聪明、有爱心且友好。故填Crows are smart, caring, and friendly. 2．根据“There are 46 main types of crows around the world.”可知，世界上主要的乌鸦种类有46种。故填46./There are 46 main types of crows in the world. 3．根据“The crow was clever. It picked up small stones and dropped them into the bottle...the crow could drink.”可知，《口渴的乌鸦》的故事表明乌鸦很聪明 (或能通过思考解决问题)。故填The story shows that the crow is clever. /The story shows that the crow can solve the problem and find a way to get what it needs. 4．根据“Learning more about animals is valuable, and we shouldn’t judge them by their looks. Crows are a great example of why we should respect all animals on our planet.”可知，尊重地球上所有动物很重要，因为它们都有独特的品质，不应以貌取人。故填Because they each have unique qualities and are helpful for the ecosystem in their own way./Because they are parts of the ecosystem. 5．句中“Don’t judge a book by its cover” 是一句谚语。“judge” 意为 “判断、评判”，“cover” 意为 “封面”。该句字面意思为 “不要通过封面来评判一本书”，引申为 “不要以貌取人”。故填：不要以貌取人。 主题02 人与自我——健康知识；家庭教育；个人成长；校园生活；个人经历；志愿服务 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南永州蓝山县·期中) The most common disease in the world is the cold. It often starts with a sore throat. You sneeze (打喷嚏) and your nose runs. You usually have a headache, too. Often you have a cough later. If you have a cold, you should rest and drink a lot of hot water. You could also take some medicine to make you feel better. A doctor once told me, “With no medicine, a cold will go on for a week. But with the right medicine, a cold will only last for several days.” Where does our medicine come from? A long time ago, people found that some plants can make them feel better. For example, the juice of lemons makes a sore throat feel better. In modern times, scientists have studied many plants, and found out what chemicals (化学成分) are in them. Many kinds of our medicines today are made from those chemicals. There are still some diseases that we can’t treat yet. But because of modern medicine, people now live longer than their grandparents. 1．What does a cold often start with? 2. How long (多久) will a cold go without medicine? 3．What can make a sore throat feel better? 4．Why do people now live longer than their grandparents? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．A sore throat. 2．A week. 3．The juice of lemons. 4．Because of modern medicine. 5．但如果用正确的药物，感冒只会持续几天。 【导语】本文主要讲述了感冒的症状和治疗方法，以及现代医学的发展和药物的来源。 1．根据“The most common disease in the world is the cold. It often starts with a sore throat.”可知，感冒的症状是以喉咙痛开始的。故填A sore throat. 2．根据“A doctor once told me, “With no medicine, a cold will go on for a week.”可知，感冒在不吃药的情况下，要持续七天。故填A week. 3．根据“For example, the juice of lemons makes a sore throat feel better.”可知，柠檬汁能使喉咙的痛感好一些。故填The juice of lemons. 4．根据“But because of modern medicine, people now live longer than their grandparents.”可知，因为现代医药的技术先进，现在的人们比祖父母一辈的人寿命更长。故填Because of modern medicine. 5．But“但是”；with the right medicine“用正确的药物”；a cold“一个感冒”；will“将会”；only“仅仅”；last for“持续”；several days“几天”。故填：但是吃了正确的药，感冒就只会持续几天。 Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南衡阳船山实验中学·期中) Dear Matt, My parents always compare me with my elder brother. He is not only a top student in the school but also talented in playing sports. I’m under too much pressure. What should I do? Hu Dear Hu, It can be difficult to live in your brother’s shadow (影子), so get out of it! Never compare yourself with anyone else—the advice goes for your parents as well. They should not compare you with your brother because it isn’t healthy or fair to you. Find your own way to success. Don’t focus on (专注于) talent, focus on things you like. You should work hard at whatever you like so that you’ll improve yourself little by little. I don’t believe in talent. I believe in skill and that’s only achieved (获得) by hard work. To improve your skill, you can follow these steps. First, find out what skill you have and which one you’re good at. Next, you need to spend a lot of time practicing. Then find an expert and work with him or her closely. Last, if you truly love what you do, then learn it by heart. Finally, remember to let your parents know how you feel. 你可以试着坐下来和你的父母交流, so they can better understand you. Good luck, Matt 1．What do Hu’s parents always do to him? 2．Why shouldn’t Hu’s parents compare Hu with his elder brother? 3．What should Hu focus on to be successful? 4．将划线句子翻译成中文。 5．将划线句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．They always compare him with his elder brother. 2．Because it isn’t healthy or fair to him. 3．He should focus on things he likes. 4．你需要花很多时间练习。 5．You can try to sit down and communicate with your parents. 【导语】本文是两封书信，主要讲述了Hu因为父母总是拿他和哥哥比较而感到压力，Matt给出了建议，告诉他要找到自己的成功之路，专注于自己喜欢的事情，并通过努力提升技能，同时建议他与父母沟通。 1．根据第一封信第一段“My parents always compare me with my elder brother.”可知，Hu的父母总是拿他和哥哥比较。故填They always compare him with his elder brother. 2．根据第二封信第一段“They should not compare you with your brother because it isn’t healthy or fair to you.”可知，Hu的父母不应该拿他和哥哥比较，因为这样对他不健康也不公平。故填Because it isn’t healthy or fair to him. 3．根据第二封信第二段“Don’t focus on talent, focus on things you like.”可知，Hu应该专注于自己喜欢的事情。故填He should focus on things he likes. 4．“you”是“你”；“need to do sth.”是固定搭配，表达为“需要做某事”；“spend time doing sth.”是固定句型，表达为“花时间做某事”；“a lot of time”是“很多时间”；“practicing”是动词“practice”的动名词形式，表达为“练习”。故填：你需要花很多时间练习。 5．“你”表达为“you”；“可以”表达为“can”，后接动词原形；“试着做某事”是固定搭配，表达为“try to do sth.”；“坐下来”表达为“sit down”；“和……交流”是固定短语，表达为“communicate with”；“你的父母”表达为“your parents”。整句为一般现在时，陈述建议。故填You can try to sit down and communicate with your parents. Passage 3 (24-25八下·湖南娄底直学校联合体·期中) Last Sunday was Linda’s 13th birthday. She was excited all day, dreaming of the amazing present her parents would give her. When it was time to open the gift, she found a small box. Inside was a used book with a note saying, “This book changed my life when I was your age. I hope it helps you too”. Linda felt unhappy because she had been looking forward to something expensive like a new phone. However, she decided to read the book. To her surprise, it was a story about a girl facing many difficult problems. The girl didn’t give up. She worked out the difficulties by working hard and staying kind. Slowly, Linda realized why her parents chose this gift. They wanted her to learn that working hard and being kind are much more important than having expensive things. The next day, Linda went to her parents and said sincerely, “This is the best gift I’ve ever received!” Her parents smiled and replied, “We’re glad you understand its meaning behind the gift.” 1．What did Linda’s parents give her for her birthday? 2．Why did Linda feel unhappy at first? 3．How did the girl in the book work out difficulties? 4．Do you like reading? Why or why not? 5．把短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．A book. 2．Because she had been looking forward to something expensive like a new phone. 3．She worked out the difficulties by working hard and staying kind. 4．Yes, because reading can make me happy. 5．当我在你这个年纪的时候，这本书改变了我的生活。 【导语】本文通过Linda收到生日礼物的故事，传递了“努力与善良比物质更重要”的道理。父母用一本有意义的旧书代替昂贵礼物，最终让Linda理解了精神成长的价值。 1．根据第一段“When it was time to open the gift, she found a small box. Inside was a used book with a note saying”可知，Linda收到的礼物是一个小盒子，里面是一本用过的书。故填A book。 2．根据第一段“Linda felt unhappy because she had been looking forward to something expensive like a new phone.”可知，Linda不开心是因为她原本期待像新手机这样的贵重礼物，但收到的却是一本旧书。故填Because she had been looking forward to something expensive like a new phone. 3．根据第二段“She worked out the difficulties by working hard and staying kind.”可知，书中女孩通过努力和保持善良来解决困难。故填She worked out the difficulties by working hard and staying kind. 4．开放性习题，言之有理即可，参考答案为：Yes, because reading can make me happy. 5．本句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语为I“我”；系动词为was“是”；your age“你的年纪”；主句主语为The book“这本书”；changed“改变”；my life“我的生活”。故填：当我在你这个年纪的时候，这本书改变了我的生活。 Passage 4 (24-25八下·湖南长沙明德教育集团·期中) Good News! Students at Gaoxin Junior Middle School of Shenzhen Nanshan Foreign Language School can take their favorite club activity classes. These classes take place every Thursday from 4:40 p.m. to 6:05 p.m.. With 55 different clubs, such as sports, arts and singing, students have many choices to keep them busy. Among the fun classes, students really like the soil and hydroponics club (水土栽培社团). In each class, students first learn important things like how to tell plants from each other and how to plant them in the right place. Then, they have 10 minutes to observe (观察) real plants. Finally, here comes the most interesting part: They can plant their plants in the school garden! They need to choose the best way to care for different plants. For example, strawberries grow well in water and apples love soil. “It’s interesting but also difficult,” said Wang Yijie, a 13-year-old girl. “In hydroponics, different plants need to stay in water with different PH levels. So, I need to make water match their needs by adding acid (酸) in different amounts (量). It is all about chemistry (化学).” The clubs not only let students learn different subjects, but they also help students grow in many ways. “Being in the singing club has taught me the power of teamwork,” said 12-year-old Zhao Ruixi. “I am also more confident now and no longer feel nervous when I have to speak in front of many people.” 1．When do the club activity classes take place at Gaoxin Junior Middle School? 2．How long do students observe real plants in the soil and hydroponics club? 3．Is it difficult or easy for Wang Yijie to take care of plants in hydroponics? 4．What can Zhao Ruixi get from the chorus club? 5． What club do you want to join, and why? 【答案】1．Every Thursday from 4:40 p.m. to 6:05 p.m../These classes take place every Thursday from 4:40 p.m. to 6:05 p.m.. 2．For 10 minutes./Students observe real plants for 10 minutes. 3．Difficult./It’s difficult. 4．The power of teamwork and confidence./ She/He can learn the power of teamwork and become more confident (when speaking in front of many people). 5．The art club. Because joining an art club makes my life colorful. (答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 【导语】本文讲述了学生通过俱乐部活动学习技能，并重点介绍了水土栽培社团受到很多学生的欢迎。 1．根据“These classes take place every Thursday from 4:40 p.m. to 6:05 p.m..”可知，活动课的时间是每周四下午4:40到6:05，故填Every Thursday from 4:40 p.m. to 6:05 p.m../These classes take place every Thursday from 4:40 p.m. to 6:05 p.m.. 2．根据“Then, they have 10 minutes to observe (观察) real plants.”可知，学生在水土栽培社团观察植物的时间是10分钟，故填For 10 minutes./Students observe real plants for 10 minutes. 3．根据“‘It’s interesting but also difficult,’ said Wang Yijie, a 13-year-old girl.”可知，Wang Yijie认为照顾植物很难，故填Difficult./It’s difficult. 4．根据“Being in the singing club has taught me the power of teamwork”和“I am also more confident now and no longer feel nervous when I have to speak in front of many people.”可知，合唱团让她知道了团队的力量以及变得更自信，故填The power of teamwork and confidence./ She/He can learn the power of teamwork and become more confident (when speaking in front of many people). 5．主观题，合理即可，故填The art club. Because joining an art club makes my life colorful. Passage 5 (24-25八下·湖南长沙浏阳·期中) In the morning, we went on a trip to Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a sunny day. On the way, we kept singing and talking happily. However, when we finished our picnic at 1:00 p.m., it was dark and windy. Soon, the storm came when we were walking to the campsite (野营地). We ran but we could find no place to hide. Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining. There were hours to go before we reached the campsite. It was even worse that our small compass(指南针) showed that we went the wrong way. We lost our way! We had to make a quick decision because it was raining heavily. Chris said we could put up a tent to hide in, so Mary and Tom helped to do it. Chris and I tried to make a fire to keep us warm. But we couldn’t light the fire, as everything was wet. We had to wait inside the tent. At about five, it stopped raining. We decided to give up the trip because all of us were very tired. This trip might not be very successful but we got the most important thing—the importance of teamwork. 1．Where did the writer go on a trip? 2．What were they doing when the storm came? 3．Did they make a fire successfully? 4．Why did they give up the trip? 5．What can we learn from the trip? 【答案】1．To/In Green Natural Park. 2．They were walking to the campsite. 3．No. 4．Because all of them were tired. 5．The importance of teamwork. /We got the most important thing—the importance of teamwork. 【导语】本文讲述了作者一行人在格林自然公园旅行遇暴风雨，历经波折后明白团队合作重要性的事。 1．根据“In the morning, we went on a trip to Green Natural Park.”可知，作者去的地方是格林自然公园。故填To/In Green Natural Park. 2．根据“Soon, the storm came when we were walking to the campsite (野营地).” 可知，暴风雨来临时，他们正在前往野营地的路上。故填They were walking to the campsite. 3．根据“But we couldn’t light the fire, as everything was wet.”可知，他们因物品潮湿而未能成功生火。故填No. 4．根据“We decided to give up the trip because all of us were very tired.” 可知，他们放弃旅行的原因是所有人都累了。故填Because all of them were tired. 5．根据“This trip might not be very successful but we got the most important thing—the importance of teamwork.”可知，作者一行人从旅行中懂得了团队合作的重要性。故填The importance of teamwork. /We got the most important thing—the importance of teamwork. Passage 6 (24-25八下·湖南怀化通道县·期中) A little boy always thought he was the unluckiest child in the world. Because he was kind of disabled. So he was quiet and hardly played with his classmates. One spring, the boy’s father gave each child a small tree to plant. The father said to the children, “I’ll buy a gift for the child whose tree grows best.” So every child tried their best. Several days later, when the little boy went to see his tree, he was surprised to find his tree grew better than his brothers’ and sisters’. His father kept his promise and said the boy would become an excellent botanist (植物学家) in the future. Since then, the little boy became confident (自信的). One night, the little boy remembered the teacher once said that plants usually grow at night. Why not go to see the tree? When he went out, he found his father watering his tree. Suddenly, he knew his father helped him take care of his tree! Years passed. The little boy didn’t become a botanist, but he became the president (总统) of the United States. His name is Franklin Roosevelt. 1．Why did the boy think he was the unluckiest? 2．Who made the little boy’s tree grow best? 3．What do you think of the boy’s father? 4．Did the boy become confident later? 5．将画线部分的英文译成中文。 【答案】1．Because he was kind of disabled. 2．The boy’s father. 3．He was great and he loves his child. 4．Yes, he did. 5．因此他很安静而且几乎不和他的同学玩。 【导语】本文主要介绍了美国总统罗斯福小时候的故事。罗斯福的爸爸通过种树这件事来帮助罗斯福重拾信心，最后成就他的伟大事业。 1．根据“Because he was kind of disabled.”可知，这个男孩因为有点残疾觉得自己是世界上最不幸运的孩子。故填Because he was kind of disabled. 2．根据“When he went out, he found his father watering his tree. Suddenly, he knew his father helped him take care of his tree!”可知，是因为他爸爸的帮助让他的树长得最好。故填The boy’s father. 3．根据“His father kept his promise and said the boy would become an excellent botanist (植物学家) in the future. Since then, the little boy became confident (自信的).”及“When he went out, he found his father watering his tree. Suddenly, he knew his father helped him take care of his tree!”可推测，他的爸爸很伟大，很爱他的孩子。故填He was great and he loves his child. 4．根据“Since then, the little boy became confident (自信的).”可知，小男孩自那时起就变得自信了。故此处作肯定回答。故填Yes, he did. 5．阅读文章可知，划线部分为“So he was quiet and hardly played with his classmates.”。so“所以；因此”，连词；he“他”；was“是”；quite“安静的”，形容词；and“和；而且”，连词；hardly“几乎不”，副词；played with“和……玩”，动词短语；his classmates“他的同学”。故填：因此他很安静而且几乎不和他的同学玩。 Passage 7 (24-25八下·湖南张家界桑植县·期中) When Nancy Green was five, her older sister, Anitha was ill and had to stay in hospital for a month. Nancy and her parents often stayed close by, and a small restaurant near the hospital served them meals. (4)This restaurant also provided a homelike place, so people could have a warm time there. Nancy remembered eating meals prepared there by kind and friendly volunteers. Her family felt thankful for the kindness. When Anitha got better, (5)他们在那做志愿者并希望对别人产生影响。They helped out there by preparing meals every Sunday for 50 to 70 guests (客人). They made lots of friends. Most of these friends also came to help others like her family. They also tried to make guests feel warm in many ways. They handed out caring cards for those kids in hospital. At the same time, they made some welcome bags by hand for guests. In the restaurant, they put up a “Happiness Wall” with different exciting messages from different people. Besides those, Nancy and Anitha often played music when the guests were eating. When helping others, the Greens got such a strong feeling of satisfaction. This kind of feeling keeps them volunteering. As Nancy said, “This brings much more happiness. I will try my best to give back to the world.” 1．Why did Anitha have to stay in the hospital for a month? 2．What did Nancy and her family help out with as volunteers? 3．How did the Greens feel when helping others? 4．请将划线句子翻译成中文。 5．请将划线句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．Because she was ill 2．By preparing meals every Sunday 3．They got a strong feeling of satisfaction 4．这家餐厅也提供了一个像家一样的地方，因此人们可以在那里享受一段温馨的时光。 5．They volunteered there and hoped to make a difference to people. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Nancy的姐姐Anitha生病住院，一家人在医院附近餐厅受到帮助，之后一家人以志愿者身份在餐厅回馈他人，通过多种方式给客人带来温暖，并在帮助他人的过程中获得满足感，体现了传递爱与善意的主题。 1．根据“When Nancy Green was five, her older sister, Anitha was ill and had to stay in hospital for a month.”可知，Anitha因为生病所以要在医院住一个月。故填Because she was ill. 2．根据“They helped out there by preparing meals every Sunday for 50 to 70 guests (客人).”可知，Nancy和她的家人作为志愿者帮忙每周日准备饭菜。故填By preparing meals every Sunday. 3．根据“When helping others, The Greens got such a strong feeling of satisfaction.”可知，Green一家在帮助别人时获得了强烈的满足感。故填They got a strong feeling of satisfaction. 4．This restaurant”意为“这家餐厅”；“also provided”意为“也提供了”；“a homelike place”意为“一个像家一样的地方”；“so”表示“因此”；“people could have a warm time there”意为“人们可以在那里享受一段温馨的时光”。故答案为：这家餐厅也提供了一个像家一样的地方，因此人们可以在那里享受一段温馨的时光。 5．“他们在那做志愿者”翻译为“They volunteered there”；“并希望”翻译为“and hoped to”；“对别人产生影响”翻译为“make a difference to people”。故填They volunteered there and hoped to make a difference to people. Passage 8 (24-25八下·湖南怀化溆浦县第一中学·期中) A strong earthquake hit central Myanmar (缅甸) on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time). The earthquake was 7.9 in magnitude (震级) and happened 30 kilometers underground. The center of the earthquake was near Sagaing Region, close to China’s border.   The earthquake caused serious damage. In Myanmar, 1644 people died and 3408 were injured. Many buildings in Mandalay and Naypyidaw fell down. Important places like the Sagaing Bridge and Mandalay Airport were destroyed. In Thailand, a tall building in Bangkok collapsed (倒塌), killing three people. In China’s Yunnan Province, two people were slightly hurt.   Rescue work was difficult because roads were damaged. China sent a medical team with drones (无人机) to help. The United Nations promised $5 million for aid. Scientists say Myanmar is on the Sagaing Fault, where two big earth plates meet. This area often has strong earthquakes.   “I told my students two things. First, we should protect ourselves, because it is not a game. Second, we should get ready for everything in time.” said Adelina, a teacher of the Middle School. ⑥Although all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because both the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 1．When and where did the earthquake happen?   2．How many people were injured in Myanmar? 3．Why was rescue work challenging after the earthquake? 4．What will you do if you face the earthquake? 5．将划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．It happened on March 28, 2025, in central Myanmar. 2．3408 people were injured in Myanmar. 3．Rescue work was challenging because roads were damaged. 4．I will run out of the building quickly. (言之有理即可) 5．尽管学校所有的建筑物都倒塌了，但每个人都是安全的。 【导语】本文主要讲了2025年3月28日缅甸中部发生7.9级强震，造成重大人员伤亡和建筑损毁，救援工作因道路损坏受阻，但学校因提前开展防灾教育实现全员安全撤离。 1．根据“A strong earthquake hit central Myanmar on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time).”可知，地震发生的时间是北京时间2025年3月28日下午2:20，地点是缅甸中部。故填It happened on March 28, 2025, in central Myanmar. 2．根据“In Myanmar, 1644 people died and 3408 were injured.”可知，缅甸的受伤人数为3408人。故填3408 people were injured in Myanmar. 3．根据“Rescue work was difficult because roads were damaged.”可知，救援困难的原因是道路损毁。故填Rescue work was challenging because roads were damaged. 4．开放式问题，言之有理即可。参考答案为I will run out of the building quickly. 5．分析句子可知，本句为although引导的让步状语从句，翻译为“尽管”，“all the buildings”翻译为“所有的建筑”；“in the school”翻译为“学校里”；“were broken”翻译为“损毁”；“everyone was safe”翻译为“所有人都安全”。故填“尽管学校所有的建筑物都倒塌了，但每个人都是安全的。” 主题03 人与自然——环保科技；城市农业 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南常德芷兰实验学校·期中) In 2025, more and more people around the world are showing great interest in electric vehicles (EVs) (电动汽车). The main reason is that they are much more environmentally friendly compared to traditional gasoline-powered cars. In many big cities, the number of EVs on the roads is rising quickly. For example, in Shanghai, China, a lot of people choose to buy electric cars because they can get some benefits like free parking in certain areas and subsidies (补贴) from the government. These incentives make EVs more attractive to customers. Another advantage of EVs is the cost-saving aspect. Although the upfront cost of buying an electric vehicle might be a bit higher, in the long run, the cost of charging an EV is much lower than buying gasoline. And the maintenance cost (保养费用) of EVs is also relatively low since they have fewer moving parts than gasoline-powered cars. However, there are still some problems with EVs. One of the biggest problems is the limited charging (充电) infrastructure (基础设施). In some areas, it's not easy to find a charging station, and the charging time is much longer than filling up a gas tank. 1．Why are more and more people interested in electric vehicles in 2025? 2．What benefits can people get if they buy electric cars in Shanghai? 3．What is one of the biggest problems of electric vehicles? 4．Will you choose to buy electric cars? Why or why not ? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Because they are much more environmentally friendly compared to traditional gasoline-powered cars. 2．They can get some benefits like free parking in certain areas and subsidies from the government. 3．The limited charging infrastructure. 4． Yes, I will. That’s because they are environmentally friendly/can save costs in the long run./No, I won’t. That’s because there are still some problems with them.（肯定或否定回答都可以。原因部分言之有理即可。） 1．在许多大城市，马路上的电动汽车的数量正快速增长。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了2025年电动汽车（EVs）日益受欢迎的原因（环保性、政府补贴等优势），同时也指出了其面临的主要问题（充电基础设施不足）。 1．根据 “The main reason is that they are much more environmentally friendly compared to traditional gasoline-powered cars.” 可知，人们选择电动汽车的主要原因是其环保性优于传统燃油车，故填 Because they are much more environmentally friendly compared to traditional gasoline-powered cars. 2．根据 “in Shanghai, China, a lot of people choose to buy electric cars because they can get some benefits like free parking in certain areas and subsidies (补贴) from the government.” 可知，上海购车者能享受免费停车和政府补贴，故填They can get some benefits like free parking in certain areas and subsidies from the government. 3．根据 “One of the biggest problems is the limited charging (充电) infrastructure (基础设施)” 可知，充电设施不足是当前主要问题，故填The limited charging infrastructure. 4．开放性问问题，肯定或否定回答都可以。原因部分言之有理即可。参考答案Yes, I will. That’s because they are environmentally friendly/can save costs in the long run./No, I won’t. That’s because there are still some problems with them. 5．In many big cities“在许多大城市”；the number of EVs“电动汽车的数量”；on the roads“马路上”；is rising quickly“正在迅速增长”。故填：在许多大城市，马路上的电动汽车的数量正在迅速增长。 Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南株洲荷塘区校学校·期中) Farming seems to be an old way of living. But now, farms are coming to modern buildings and you can even see them on a balcony (阳台). According to Alibaba, the sales of vegetable seeds (种子) in the first season on T-mall were twice more than the same season last year. Of all the people who buy seeds, most were born (出生) after 1995. Zhang Chao, 17, is one of the young “city farmers”. The senior high student said his love for growing vegetables came from the days when he lived with his grandpa in the countryside. “Spending his whole life as a farmer, my grandpa liked to grow vegetables in our garden when he was older,” Zhang said. “I also learned from him to grow my own vegetables on my balcony, and it brought me good memories (回忆).” Unlike Zhang, Yang Jing from a university thinks differently. “I have too much homework every day. I always thought my boring life never ended. But when I saw the balcony idea from a website, my life changed! I started planting vegetables on my balcony one year ago. I got most of the seeds from my friends, but I didn’t know what plant seeds they were. So I just planted them and waited patiently. Half a year later, my balcony became a small beautiful garden. Now, every time I spend long hours on homework, I would like to walk to my balcony to relax,” said Yang. Now, planting on a balcony is getting more and more popular. As a teenager, would you like to have a try? 1．Where can you see farms now?   2．When did Zhang Chao begin to love growing vegetables?   3．What would Yang Jing like to do when he spends long hours on homework?   4．Do you think planting on a balcony is a good idea? Why or why not?   5．请将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In modern buildings and on balconies. 2．When he lived with his grandpa in the countryside. 3．Walk to his balcony to relax. 4．Yes. Because it helps people relax and brings joy. 5．如今，在阳台上种植正变得越来越流行。 【导语】本文主要讲述了现代城市中阳台种植的流行现象，并通过两位年轻人的经历说明这种活动带来的益处。 1．根据“But now, farms are coming to modern buildings and you can even see them on a balcony (阳台).”可知，现在，农场正在进入现代建筑，你甚至可以在阳台上看到它们。故填In modern buildings and on balconies. 2．根据“The senior high student said his love for growing vegetables came from the days when he lived with his grandpa in the countryside.”可知，他对种植蔬菜的热爱源于他和爷爷在乡下生活的日子。故填When he lived with his grandpa in the countryside. 3．根据“Now, every time I spend long hours on homework, I would like to walk to my balcony to relax”可知，每当他长时间做作业时，他都喜欢走到阳台上放松一下。故填Walk to his balcony to relax. 4．本题是开放性试题，答案言之有理即可，参考答案为Yes. Because it helps people relax and brings joy. 5．Now“如今”；planting on a balcony“在阳台上种植”；is getting more and more popular“正变得越来越流行”。故填：如今，在阳台上种植正变得越来越流行。 主题01 人与自我——心理健康；个人励志；个人成长；个人经历；个人品质 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南长沙周南教育集团联考·期中) As we know, there are mainly two kinds of people in the world—the extroverted (外向的) and the introverted (内向的). Extroverted people are outgoing and they are good at making friends. Introverted people like to stay alone. In this way, they can think more carefully and solve problems better. Introversion is not the same as social phobia (社交恐惧症). People with social phobia may face many problems in their daily lives. They always feel unhappy and not comfortable when talking with others. Besides, they may find it hard to sleep well. Some worry too much about social activities. Others feel stressed all the time, even when they are alone. For students with social phobia, simple things like answering a teacher’s question or eating in the school cafeteria (食堂) can make their hearts beat fast. And they have difficulty making friends at school. Social phobia is different from shyness. Teenagers with social phobia should treat (对待) it properly. Firstly, it’s a good way to talk to a parent or counselor about their feelings. Secondly, they should exercise regularly—running or yoga can help reduce stress. Thirdly, Why not practice making some friends bravely? Start with small steps, like saying “hello” to a classmate. Social phobia is a kind of mental (精神的) illness. So the most important way to solve it is to get special treatments (治疗). Remember, progress takes time, but every effort counts! 1．What are the two main types of people in the world? 2．Why do introverted people like to stay alone? 3．How may people with social phobia feel when communicating with others? 4．Is social phobia different from shyness? 5．What is the most important way to deal with social phobia? 【答案】1．Extroverted people and introverted people. 2．Because they can think more carefully and solve problems better. 3．They may feel unhappy and not comfortable. 4．Yes./Yes, it is. 5．The most important way to deal with social phobia is to get special treatments. 【导语】本文主要介绍了外向型与内向型人格的区别，并重点阐述了社交恐惧症的表现及应对方法。 1．根据“As we know, there are mainly two kinds of people in the world—the extroverted (外向的) and the introverted (内向的).”可知，世界上主要有外向的人和内向的人两种人。故填Extroverted people and introverted people. 2．根据“Introverted people like to stay alone. In this way, they can think more carefully and solve problems better.”可知，内向的人喜欢独处，这样他们能更仔细地思考并更好地解决问题。故填Because they can think more carefully and solve problems better. 3．根据“People with social phobia may face many problems in their daily lives. They always feel unhappy and not comfortable when talking with others.”可知，有社交恐惧症的人与他人交谈时，总感到不开心和不自在。故填They may feel unhappy and not comfortable. 4．根据“Social phobia is different from shyness”可知，社交恐惧症不同于害羞。故填Yes./Yes, it is. 5．根据“Social phobia is a kind of mental (精神的) illness. So the most important way to solve it is to get special treatments (治疗).”可知，社交恐惧症是一种精神疾病，因此最重要的解决方法是接受专业治疗。故填The most important way to deal with social phobia is to get special treatments. Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南长沙长郡集团·期中) Even in early time, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life. Every great achievement (成就) has been the result of years of dreaming. If a person has a dream and holds fast to it, he or she will find a way to bring it into reality (现实). Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at them for being naive (天真的). Many great men were dreamers when they were children. One such dreamer was Thomas Edison. He used to be ostracized (排斥) when he was in primary school, but his achievements were greater than everyone else’s in his time. Teenagers and young people should also be encouraged to dream. The world is full of successful teenagers and young people. They dreamt big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are good examples. They developed technology and brought great progress to human besides making money for themselves. Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that the human mind is never too old to make dreams turn into reality. Colonel Sanders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company (KFC) in the world. To dream is a wonderful ability which can lead to wonderful results. Olympic records were broken by players who were brave enough to dream. No one is too young or too old to dream and to make dreams come true. 1．According to the passage, what is the result of years of dreaming? 2．Did Thomas Edison achieve more than the others in his time? 3．How many famous great dreamers are there in the passage? 4．When did Colonel Saunders set up KFC? 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? 【答案】1．Every great achievement./Every great achievement can be made. 2．Yes, he did. 3．4./Four. 4．At the age of 67. 5．The importance of dreams. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要讲述了梦想的重要性以及不同年龄段的人如何通过坚持梦想取得成就。 1．根据“Every great achievement has been the result of years of dreaming.”可知，多年梦想的结果是实现伟大的成就。故填Every great achievement./Every great achievement can be made. 2．根据“but his achievements were greater than everyone else’s in his time.”可知，托马斯·爱迪生的成就确实超过了同时代的其他人。故填Yes, he did. 3．根据“One such dreamer was Thomas Edison.”、“Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are the good examples.”和“Colonel Sanders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company (KFC) in the world.”可知，文章中提到的著名梦想家有：托马斯·爱迪生、史蒂夫·乔布斯、比尔·盖茨和哈兰·山德士，共四人。故填4./Four. 4．根据“Colonel Sanders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company (KFC) in the world.”可知，哈兰·山德士是在67岁时创立了KFC。故填At the age of 67. 5．通读全文并根据“Even in early time, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life.”可知，文章通过多个例子告诉我们梦想的重要性。故填The importance of dreams. Passage 3 (24-25八下·湖南娄底冷水江·期中) Life is hard. And middle school students have every reason to say so. Recently, people in Changsha did a survey (调查) about young people’s mental (精神的) health. It found that middle school students in Changsha feel the biggest pressure from school among teenagers. Besides (除此之外), 48.8% of middle school students show signs of mental health problems. What are students worried about? “First, the class ranking (排名) after exams. Second, they are not able to reach their parents’ expectation (期待),” the Youth Time reported. This is not only true with Chinese students. The experts (专家) in America recently did a similar survey. The results are surprising: in the US, teenagers have a higher level (水平) of stress than adults (成年人). For them, one of the big reasons for stress is also schoolwork. What can we do to help? * Be sure to have an active (积极的) life. * Sleep for 8—9 hours a day. * Find someone to exercise with every day. 1．What did people in Changsha do a survey about? 2．According to the passage, how many things do the Chinese students worry about? 3．Which country did a similar survey like Changsha? 4．Do teenagers have a higher level of stress than adults in the US? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文： 【答案】1．Young people’s mental health. 2．Two. 3．America /The US. 4．Yes, they do. 5．调查发现，长沙中学生在青少年中感到来自学校的压力最大。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中学生面临的心理压力问题，包括学业压力和父母期望等，并提出了缓解压力的建议。 1．根据“people in Changsha did a survey (调查) about young people’s mental (精神的) health”可知，长沙人做了一项关于年轻人心理健康的调查。故填Young people’s mental health. 2．根据“First, the class ranking (排名) after exams. Second, they are not able to reach their parents’ expectation (期待),”可知，中国学生担心两件事情。故填Two. 3．根据“This is not only true with Chinese students. The experts (专家) in America recently did a similar survey.”可知，美国的专家最近做了一项类似的调查。故填America /The US. 4．根据“The results are surprising: in the US, teenagers have a higher level (水平) of stress than adults (成年人).”可知，此处为肯定回答。故填Yes, they do. 5． It found that“调查发现”，it指代上文提及的调查；middle school students in Changsha“长沙中学生”；feel“感到”；the biggest pressure from school“来自学校的压力最大”；among teenagers“在青少年中”。故填：调查发现，长沙中学生在青少年中感到来自学校的压力最大。 Passage 4 (24-25八下·湖南常德鼎城区校联考·期中) Now more and more Chinese teenagers find life more difficult without their parents. ④They don’t know how to do housework, because their parents do almost everything for them at home. This is a big problem. Joy is 14 years old. One day her parents went on a trip to Shanghai, so she had to stay at home alone. At first she thought she would be happy because her parents were not in. She could do everything that she liked. But it was seven o’clock in the evening, and she felt hungry. “Oh, it’s time to have supper. Where can I get my food?” she said to herself. Later she got some food in the fridge, but she didn’t know how to cook. At that moment, she missed her parents very much. At last she could only go to a restaurant to eat. Many teenagers are the same as Joy. So I think teenagers should learn some basic life skills such as tidying up their rooms, dressing themselves, cooking some simple dishes and so on. They shouldn’t depend too much on their parents, either. ⑤ 学会独立对于他们相当重要。 1．Why did Joy have to stay at home alone that day? 2．Did Joy cook any food for supper at last? 3．What should teenagers learn in the writer’s opinion? 4．请把划线句子翻译成中文。 5．请把划线句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．Because her parents went on a trip to Shanghai. 2．No, she didn’t. 3．They should learn some basic life skills. 4．他们不知道如何做家务，因为父母为他们包办了家里的一切。 5．It’s very important for then to learn to be independent. / Learning to be independent is quite important for them. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了许多中国青少年因父母过度照顾而缺乏基本生活技能，并通过Joy的例子说明学会独立的重要性。 1．根据文章第二段“One day her parents went on a trip to Shanghai, so she had to stay at home alone.”可知，Joy的父母去上海旅行了，所以她不得不独自在家。故填Because her parents went on a trip to Shanghai。 2．根据文章第二段“At last she could only go to a restaurant to eat.”可知，Joy最终没有做饭，而是去餐厅吃饭。故填No, she didn’t. 3．根据文章第三段“So I think teenagers should learn some basic life skills such as tidying up their rooms, dressing themselves, cooking some simple dishes and so on.”可知，作者认为青少年应该学习基本生活技能。故填They should learn some basic life skills。 4．They don’t know how to do“他们不知道如何”；housework“家务”；because“因为”；their parents“他们的父母”；do almost everything“几乎做了所有事”；for them“为他们”；at home“在家”。本句时态为一般现在时，由主句和 because 引导的原因状语从句组成。故填：他们不知道如何做家务，因为父母为他们包办了家里的一切。 5．学会独立：to learn to be independent/Learning to be independent；对于他们：for them； 相当重要：very important /quite important。 本句陈述客观事实，时态为一般现在时。可以用“It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.”的固定句型，it 作形式主语，真正主语是“to learn to be independent”，符合英文表达习惯；也可以用动名词短语“Learning to be independent”作主语，“is quite important”作表语，结构清晰。两种译法均准确传达“学会独立对他们很重要”的含义。故填It’s very important for them to learn to be independent./Learning to be independent is quite important for them。 Passage 5 (24-25八下·湖南邵阳新邵县·期中) I’m David. I lived on the first floor of an apartment building. One day, I was having dinner at home. Suddenly, I heard a terrible sound and felt the chair shaking! At that time, I thought to myself. “It is an earthquake (地震).” I was so scared that I started shaking. I got up from the chair and left the house quickly. I saw Chloe, my neighbor, outside the building, too. I told her I was too scared to go back into the house because I was afraid that it would start shaking again. Chloe and I decided to go straight to the park to find a safe place to sit. There were so many people. We spent all night there. We stayed in the same park for the next few days because there were still small earthquakes from time to time. When we were sure it was safe, we went back to our apartment building. We were worried because hundreds of houses in our neighborhood were badly damaged. When I went into my house, I saw that the windows were broken. Luckily, nothing was more serious than that. I was really tired, but I didn’t want to rest because I was scared. I was afraid there might be another earthquake. Chloe was different from me. She said she wanted to sleep for a week. 1．What was David doing when the earthquake happened? 2．Where did David and Chloe stay for the next few days after the first earthquake? 3．How many houses were badly damaged? 4．Should we go back into the house right away after the earthquake? Why? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．He was having dinner./Having dinner. 2．In the park. 3．Hundreds of houses. 4．No. It’s dangerous. 5．当我进入房子时，我看见窗户都破了。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了David在地震发生时的经历以及震后的应对措施。 1．根据“I was having dinner at home”可推知，地震发生时David正在吃晚饭。故填He was having dinner./Having dinner. 2．根据“Chloe and I decided to go straight to the park to find a safe place to sit. There were so many people. We spent all night there. We stayed in the same park for the next few days because there were still small earthquakes from time to time.”可推知，他们之后几天都待在公园里。故填In the park. 3．根据“We were worried because hundreds of houses in our neighborhood were badly damaged.”可知，社区有数百栋房屋严重受损。故填Hundreds of houses. 4．根据“I told her I was too scared to go back into the house because I was afraid that it would start shaking again.”以及“We stayed in the same park for the next few days because there were still small earthquakes from time to time.”可推知，地震后不应立即返回房屋，因为可能有余震，房屋可能不安全。故填No. It’s dangerous. 5．When“当……时候”；I“我”；went into my house“进入房子”；I saw that“我看见”；the windows“窗户”；were broken“破了”。故填：当我进入房子时，我看见窗户都破了。 Passage 6 (24-25八下·湖南岳阳岳阳县·期中) Mr. Black was once a policeman. He was a kind person. （A）他喜欢早餐后去公园散散步/走一走。 It was very cold on a winter morning. Mr. Black was walking along the street when he heard a cry for help. He turned around but could see nobody. He stopped and looked here and there. At the moment, a boy ran up to him. The boy was in such a hurry that he couldn’t say a word except pointing towards the river. Mr. Black ran to the river as soon as possible. Both of them ran along the river and saw a girl in the water. She was holding a piece of wood. It was carrying her away. It was too dangerous. （B） Without a word, Mr. Black took off his clothes as quickly as he could, and jumped into the river. He swam to the girl and took her back near the bank and lifted the girl up, and then the boy helped pull her out of the water. Then they stopped a car and took the girl to the hospital. At last the girl’s life was saved and she thanked them very much. 1．What was Mr. Black doing when he heard a cry for help? 2．Was there a boy in the water? 3．How did they go to hospital? 4．将（A）翻译成英文： 5．将（B）翻译成中文： 【答案】1．He was walking along the street. 2．No, there wasn’t. 3．By car. 4．He liked to have a walk in the park after breakfast. 5．一句话都没说，布莱克先生尽可能快地脱下他的衣服，跳进河里。 【导语】本文主要讲述了善良的警察布莱克先生在河里救起一个女孩的事情。 1．根据“Mr. Black was walking along the street when he heard a cry for help.”可知，布莱克先生正在街上走，突然听到呼救声。故填He was walking along the street. 2．根据“He stopped and looked here and there. At the moment, a boy ran up to him.”可知，男孩没有落水，因此答案是否定的。故填No, there wasn’t. 3．根据“Then they stopped a car and took the girl to the hospital.”可知，他们拦下一辆车，把女孩送到了医院。故填By car. 4．他：He，位于句首字母h大写；喜欢做某事：like to do sth.；去公园散步：have a walk in the park；早餐后：after breakfast，时间状语位于句末。根据“Mr. Black was once a policeman.”可知，时态为一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故填He liked to have a walk in the park after breakfast. 5．Without a word“一句话都没说”；took off his clothes“脱下他的衣服”；as quickly as he could“尽可能快地”；jumped into the river“跳进河里”。故填：一句话都没说，布莱克先生尽可能快地脱下他的衣服，跳进河里。 主题02 人与社会——科技发展；历史典故；神话人物故事；动画电影 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南怀化麻阳苗族自治县锦江中学·期中) Nowadays, AI is becoming more and more popular in our lives. It’s like a smart helper that can do many things for us. It can talk to us, answer our questions, and even help us solve problems. The story of AI goes back to the 1950s. From then on, AI has gone through ups and downs. However, recent years have seen a rapid development, with breakthroughs in deep learning and large language models. In schools, AI is becoming a useful tool. For example, if a student has trouble with math, AI can give personalized (个性化的) practice and explanations. It’s a great support for students. At home, AI is very helpful, too. Smart home devices with AI can control lights, temperature, and even play music. All you have to do is ask, and AI will do it for you. It’s like having a magic helper that can make your life easier. AI can also help us stay healthy. There are AI apps that can remind us to exercise, eat healthy food, and get enough sleep. For example, Huawei Health is an AI-powered app that offers personalized exercise plans and records physical activities, sleep habits, and overall health information. However, some people worry about AI. They think AI might take over too many jobs or make wrong decisions. But many experts say that AI is here to help us, not take over. By understanding how AI works, we can make the most of its benefits while avoiding its possible problems. 1．When does the story of AI start? 2．How does AI help students with their math? 3．Why do some people worry about AI? 4．Do you think AI is useful or useless? Why? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In the 1950s. 2．AI provides personalized practice and explanations. 3．Because they think AI might take over too many jobs or make wrong decisions. 4．I think it is useful. Because it helps students learn, makes home life easier, and supports health. 5．通过理解AI的工作原理，我们既能充分利用其益处，又能避免其潜在问题。 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能在现代生活中的广泛应用及其发展历程，文章提到人工智能在学校、家庭和健康管理中的应用，并探讨了人们对人工智能的担忧以及如何避免其潜在风险。 1．根据“The story of AI goes back to the 1950s.”可知，人工智能的发展是在20世纪50年代开始的。故填In the 1950s. 2．根据“AI can give personalized (个性化的) practice and explanations. It's a great support for students.”可知，人工智能可以提供个性化的练习和解释。故填AI provides personalized practice and explanations. 3．根据“They think AI might take over too many jobs or make wrong decisions.”可知，担忧的原因是他们认为AI可能取代太多工作或做出错误决策。故填Because they think AI might take over too many jobs or make wrong decisions. 4．开放性问题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为：I think it is useful. Because it helps students learn, makes home life easier, and supports health. 5．by doing sth.表示“通过某种方式”，by understanding how AI works表示“通过理解AI的工作方式”；we“我们”；can“能够”；make the most of its benefits“充分利用益处”；while表示“当……时”，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生；avoiding its possible problems“避免潜在的问题”。故填：通过理解AI的工作原理，我们既能充分利用其益处，又能避免其潜在问题。 Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南永州新田县·期中) Long time ago, State Jin (晋国) wanted to attack State Guo. But between State Jin and State Guo there was State Yu. So the army of State Jin had to go across State Yu. General (将军) Xun Xi of State Jin offered a plan to the Duke of Xian (晋国公). Xun Xi said, “Your Majesty, why don’t we use our precious jade (美玉) and excellent steeds (骏马) to bribe the Duke of Yu, so that our army may go across State Yu?” The Duke of Xian replied, “What if the Duke of Yu accepts our gifts but refuses our request?” Xun Xi said, “It’s impossible. If the Duke of Yu does not let us pass through, he won’t accept our gifts. If he accepts our gifts and lets us pass through, we can attack (攻击) State Yu after attacking State Guo. Then Sate Yu will be part of us. Now giving them these treasures would be like storing them in State Yu temporarily.” The Duke of Xian accepted Xun Xi’s advice. Xun Xi went to visit the Duke of Yu and said, “Your Majesty, here are our jade and steeds for you. Please accept them.” The Duke of Yu was greedy for the jade and steeds, and he was going to say yes to the request. Gong Zhiqi, the general of State Yu, told his Duke, “Your Majesty, we should refuse Xun Xi’s request. The relationship between State Yu and State Guo is like the relationship between lips and teeth. If there are no lips, the teeth will be exposed to the cold. The future of our two countries are closely related. If there is no State Yu, there will be no State Guo and vice versa.” The Duke of Yu refused to take Gong Zhiqi’s advice. He accepted the gifts and allowed the army of State Jin to pass through to attack State Guo. After the army of State Jin controlled State Guo, they controlled State Yu on their way back. Also, they brought back the treasures. 1．Why did the general plan to bribe the Duke of Yu? 2．Who advised refusing the request? 3．Did the Duke of Yu accept the gifts? 4．What do you think of Xun Xi? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Because their army had to go across State Yu./Because State Jin wanted to attack the State Guo, their army had to go across State Yu. 2．Gong Zhiqi. 3．Yes./Yes, he did. 4．Clever./Brave. 5．如果虞公不让我们过/不借路给我们，他不会接受我们的礼物。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了晋国通过贿赂虞国借道攻打虢国，最终吞并两国的故事，表达了“唇亡齿寒”的道理。 1．根据“Xun Xi said, ‘Your Majesty, why don’t we use our precious jade and excellent steeds to bribe the Duke of Yu, so that our army may go across State Yu?’”可知，贿赂的目的是为了让晋国军队借道虞国攻打虢国。故填Because their army had to go across State Yu./Because State Jin wanted to attack the State Guo, their army had to go across State Yu. 2．根据“Gong Zhiqi, the general of State Yu, told his Duke, ‘Your Majesty, we should refuse Xun Xi’s request.’”可知，建议拒绝请求的是虞国将军宫之奇。故填Gong Zhiqi. 3．根据“He accepted the gifts and allowed the army of State Jin to pass through to attack State Guo.”可知，虞公接受了礼物。故填Yes./Yes, he did. 4．本题答案不唯一。根据“General (将军) Xun Xi of State Jin offered a plan to the Duke of Xian (晋国公).”和最后一段可知，荀息在攻打虢国之前主动献计，并且他的计谋最后使得晋国拿下两国，还收回了国宝，由此可知他应是一个聪明且勇敢的人。故填Clever./Brave. 5．if“如果”；the Duke of Yu“虞公”；does not表否定；let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”；pass through“通过/借路”；won’t“不会”；accept our gifts“接受我们的礼物”。故填：如果虞公不让我们过/不借路给我们，他不会接受我们的礼物。 Passage 3 (24-25八下·湖南邵阳绥宁县城区联考·期中) In shops, restaurants and supermarkets around Beijing, you may notice a special place about 10 square meters in size. It is a service corner for outdoor workers to rest or to get some necessary things like water, medicine and battery chargers (充电器). These spaces are free for all outdoor workers to use. Without them, they have to take a break by the roadside. One restaurant near Xiyuan Subway Station provided space for the service corner. “Working in the restaurant, I can see deliverymen (外卖员) all the time. I know how hard it is for them to make money,” said Li Hui, the restaurant’s owner. “They sometimes can’t get hot water in winter. Service corners almost solve such problems. That’s what I want to do for them. I hope the service corner can warm outdoor workers’ hearts.” Now there are about 27,000 service corners in Beijing, and it plans to add another 3,900. Before the service corners were built, 40-year-old deliveryman Zhang hoped to take a break indoors in order to get warm in winter or to cool off in summer. But he usually didn’t.“It is comfortable to rest indoors. But I don’t want to trouble shop owners. So, I would rest on my bike and play with my phone,” he said. “I have to save money for my family, and sometimes I am so busy. So, I don’t even notice the service corners. Neither do my co-workers. Maybe it will take a little time for me to get used to them,” Zhang said. 1．Where can people see the service corner for outdoor workers? 2．Why is the deliverymen’s job difficult according to Li Hui? 3．How many service corners will there be in Beijing in all? 4．Do you think the job of a deliveryman is easy or difficult? Why? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In shops, restaurants and supermarkets around Beijing. 2．Because it is hard for them to make money. 3．About 30,4. 5．Difficult. Because it’s a very tiring job. 6．我会在我的自行车上休息，玩手机。 【导语】本文介绍了北京为户外工作者设立的休息服务角及其意义。 1．根据“In shops, restaurants and supermarkets around Beijing”可知，服务角出现在北京的商店、餐馆和超市。故填In shops, restaurants and supermarkets around Beijing. 2．根据“I know how hard it is for them to make money”可知，外卖员工作难是因为赚钱困难。故填Because it is hard for them to make money. 3．根据“there are about 27,000 service corners in Beijing, and it plans to add another 3,900”可知计算得出总数是30,900个。故填About 30,900. 4．主观题，合理即可。Difficult. Because it’s a very tiring job. 5．根据“It is comfortable to rest indoors. But I don’t want to trouble shop owners. ”，可知划线部分译为：我会在我的自行车上休息，玩手机。故填：我会在我的自行车上休息，玩手机。 Passage 4 (24-25八下·湖南长沙望城区·期中) Harry Potter isn’t the only boy hero. China has its own magical boy, and kids have loved him for years The cartoon film Nezha Conquers the Dragon King (《哪吒闹海》) was made in 1979. But the story still has lots of fun today. Nezha is the third son of Li Jing, a general of the Shang Dynasty (商朝). He is not like other children. He stays in his mother’s body for three and a half years before he is born. And when his mother gives birth to him, a big ball comes out. Li Jing cuts the ball open, and there is a bright red light and a baby boy inside The boy has a beautiful white face. But Li Jing is not happy with him. The next day, a Taoist (道士) comes to see the boy. He names him Nezha and takes him as his student. He also gives him two magic weapons (武器) to fight with bad people. When Nezha is seven years old, there is a big drought (干旱). The Dragon King, the ruler of the sea, wants people to die. Nezha goes and kills the Dragon King’s favourite son. That makes the Dragon King angry, so he floods the place with rain for three days. He won’t stop until Nezha is killed. Will the boy die? Or can he beat the Dragon King? Watch the film to find out! 1．When was the cartoon film Nezha Conquers the Dragon King made? 2．Why is Nezha different from other children before he is born? 3．Does Nezha’s mother cut the ball open to free the little boy? 4．Why does the Taoist give Nezha two magic weapons? 5．What do you think of Nezha? 【答案】1．In 2. 3．Because he stays in his mother’s body for three and a half years before he is born. 4．No. 5．To fight with bad people. 6．He is brave and righteous. (开放性试题，言之有理即可 ) 【导语】本文讲述了中国传统神话人物哪吒的故事，并介绍了动画片《哪吒闹海》的内容及其受欢迎的原因。 1．根据第一段“The cartoon film Nezha Conquers the Dragon King was made in 1979.”可知，该动画电影制作于1979年。故填In 1979. 2．根据第二段“He stays in his mother’s body for three and a half years before he is born.”可知，哪吒与其他孩子不同是因为他在母亲身体里待了三年半才出生。故填Because he stays in his mother’s body for three and a half years before he is born. 3．根据第二段“Li Jing cuts the ball open, and there is a bright red light and a baby boy inside.”可知，是李靖把球割开，不是他的母亲。故填No. 4．根据第三段“He also gives him two magic weapons to fight with bad people.”可知，道士给哪吒两件法宝是为了让他与坏人战斗。故填To fight with bad people. 5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据文章描述，哪吒勇敢地与龙王战斗，保护人民，可推知他是一个勇敢又正义的孩子。故填He is brave and righteous. Passage 5 (24-25八下·湖南永州宁远县·期中) ⑤.When people from all over China are preparing for the Spring Festival, a Chinese AI app is becoming popular around the world. The Chinese AI app DeepSeek became the most popular free app on the Apple App Store worldwide, ahead of ChatGPT from OpenAI, Gemini from Google, and Llama 2 from Meta. In January 2025, the Chinese AI company DeepSeek introduced its new open-source model (开放源代码模型), DeepSeek-R1. Because this model has made progress by using deep learning methods that let the AI develop reasoning skills by itself, it can work as well as the best models from big companies like OpenAI. It can answer math questions, write computer codes, and even explain difficult texts in simple ways. Ms. Li, an English teacher, said, “It gives clear steps to solve problems, just like a patient teacher.” What surprises the world most is that the cost for users will be lower than that of other companies. The app quickly caught the world’s attention. Marc Andreessen, a famous business expert in Silicon Valley, wrote online, “DeepSeek is one of the most amazing and exciting developments I’ve ever seen.” From classrooms to offices, DeepSeek is changing how Chinese people use technology. It shows the growth of Chinese AI technology on the world stage. As AI keeps developing, this young company is writing a new story for China’s tech future. 1．When did the company DeepSeek introduce its DeepSeek-R1? 2．Why can DeepSeek-R1 work like OpenAI? 3．Is DeepSeek the most popular paid (付费的) app on the Apple App Store worldwide? 4．What do you want to use DeepSeek for? 5．将画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In January 2. 3．Because it has made progress by using deep learning methods that let the AI develop reasoning skills by itself. 4．No. 5．I want to use DeepSeek to help me solve math problems and write computer codes. 6．当全中国各地的人们都在准备春节时，一款中国人工智能应用正在全球走红。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国AI应用DeepSeek在全球范围内的迅速崛起及其技术优势。 1．根据“In January 2025, the Chinese AI company DeepSeek introduced its new open-source model (开放源代码模型), DeepSeek-R1.”可知，DeepSeek公司在2025年1月推出了DeepSeek-R1。故填In January 2025. 2．根据“Because this model has made progress by using deep learning methods that let the AI develop reasoning skills by itself, it can work as well as the best models from big companies like OpenAI.”可知，因为该模型通过深度学习技术实现了自主推理能力的突破，所以其性能已可与OpenAI等顶尖企业的领先模型相媲美。故填Because it has made progress by using deep learning methods that let the AI develop reasoning skills by itself. 3．根据“The Chinese AI app DeepSeek became the most popular free app on the Apple App Store worldwide...”可知，DeepSeek是免费应用，而非付费应用。故填No. 4．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为I want to use DeepSeek to help me solve math problems and write computer codes. 5．when“当……时”，引导时间状语从句；people from all over China“来自中国各地的人”；are preparing for“正在为……做准备”；the Spring Festival“春节”；a Chinese AI app“一款中国人工智能应用程序”；is becoming popular“正在变得受欢迎”；around the world“全世界”。故填：当全中国各地的人们都在准备春节时，一款中国人工智能应用正在全球走红。 Passage 6 (24-25八下·湖南株洲荷塘区·期中) Xiaohua, a hairdresser (理发师), has become popular on the Internet. People say she is “a hairdresser who carefully listens”. Xiaohua and her husband have a hairdresser’s shop in Huaihua, Hunan. The shop, which has been running for about 12 years, is just about 20 to 30 m² in size. In February, 2024, Xiaohua started showing videos of her cutting hair online. At first, few people watched the videos. But in October, to her surprise, one of the videos got popular. Her customers (顾客) said she knew the haircuts that they really wanted. Soon millions of people started to watch her videos. Many have invited her to open shops in their hometowns or to teach other hairdressers across the country. People like Xiaohua because she sees customers as friends and carefully listens to their needs. “I try my best to cut the hair. I make sure my customers know what I can do for them. I don’t add things they don’t want or like, ” she said. “That’s probably why they come back to me. ” Faced with great popularity, Xiaohua doesn’t think of herself as a professional (专业的) hairdresser. She believes more hairdressers are better than her. “As long as someone cuts enough and learns from his or her mistakes, he or she can be a good hairdresser,” Xiaohua said. Now, many people visit Xiaohua’s shop every day. She hardly has time to rest, but she loves her work. She welcomes anyone who’s visiting Huaihua to “stop by for a haircut”. 1．Where do Xiaohua and her husband have a hairdresser’s shop? 2．Why do people like Xiaohua? 3．How can someone be a good hairdresser according to Xiaohua? 4．What do you think of Xiaohua? 5．将短文中的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．In Huaihua, Hunan. 2．Because she sees customers as friends and carefully listens to their needs. 3．By cutting enough hair and learning from his or her mistakes. 4．Hard-working and friendly. 5．但令她惊讶的是，在十月份其中一段视频火了起来。 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了网红理发师晓华。 1．根据“Xiaohua and her husband have a hairdresser’s shop in Huaihua, Hunan.”可知，是在湖南怀化。故填In Huaihua, Hunan. 2．根据“People like Xiaohua because she sees customers as friends and carefully listens to their needs.”可知，人们喜欢晓华，因为她把顾客当作朋友，仔细倾听他们的需求。故填Because she sees customers as friends and carefully listens to their needs. 3．根据“ ‘As long as someone cuts enough and learns from his or her mistakes, he or she can be a good hairdresser,’ ”可知，只要有人剪得足够多，并从错误中吸取教训，他或她就可以成为一名优秀的美发师。故填By cutting enough hair and learning from his or her mistakes. 4．根据“She hardly has time to rest, but she loves her work.”可知，晓华工作很努力；根据“People like Xiaohua because she sees customers as friends”可知，晓华很友好。故填Hard-working and friendly. 5．But“但是”；in October“在十月”；to her surprise“令她惊讶的是”；one of the videos“其中一段视频”；got popular“火了起来”。故填：但令她惊讶的是，在十月份其中一段视频火了起来。 Passage 7 (24-25八下·湖南岳阳·期中) Wang Xingxing, the founder, CEO and CTO of Unitree Robotics, has an unusual journey. He was born in 1990. Since childhood, he showed an unbelievable ability to use his hands and a deep love for invention. In his early years, when other kids were playing with toys, Wang Xingxing was busy fixing and repairing them again and again. Because he wanted to know more about how they worked. This curiosity (好奇心) led him to be interested in different fields of technology (科技领域). As he grew up, his interest for robotics grew stronger. He spent a lot of days and nights learning about engineering, electronics, and computer science. After years of hard work and self-learning, he finally decided to start his own company, Unitree Robotics. The company is good at making different kinds of robots. We can see them everywhere, in factories, hotels, even at home and in schools. Their robots can do a lot of things, such as helping with difficult things, and also in our daily life. Parents can use them to help with housework. Students can use them to study well. Wang Xingxing makes a big difference to our life and our future. “I’ll work harder to bring China’s technological development (科技发展) to a new step,” he said to the reporter. 1．How old is Wang Xingxing? 2．What was he doing when other kids were playing with kids? 3．Where can see robots now? 4．What do you think of Wang Xingxing?（Give reasons.） 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．2. 3．He was busy fixing and repairing the toys again and again. 4．We can see them everywhere, in factories, hotels, even at home and in schools. 5．回答合理即可。参考答案：He is curious and responsible. He showed great curiosity about how things worked since childhood. And he's determined to contribute to China's technological development. 6．王兴兴给我们的生活和未来带来了很大的影响。 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了王兴兴从小对发明感兴趣，长大后创立宇树机器人公司，该公司制造的机器人应用广泛，对人们生活和未来产生重要影响，同时体现了王兴兴为中国科技发展努力的决心。 1．根据“He was born in 1990.”可知，2025-1990=35岁。故填35. 2．根据“In his early years, when other kids were playing with toys, Wang Xingxing was busy fixing and repairing them again and again.”可知，当其他孩子在玩玩具时，王星星在忙着反复修理玩具。故填He was busy fixing and repairing the toys again and again. 3．根据“We can see them everywhere, in factories, hotels, even at home and in schools.”可知，现在我们能在工厂、酒店、家里和学校看到机器人。故填We can see them everywhere, in factories, hotels, even at home and in schools. 4．回答合理即可。参考答案：He is curious and responsible. He showed great curiosity about how things worked since childhood. And he's determined to contribute to China's technological development. 5．Wang Xingxing王兴兴，作主语；makes a big difference产生了很大的影响，作谓语和宾语；to our life and our future给我们的生活和未来，做状语。故填：王兴兴给我们的生活和未来带来了很大的影响。 Passage 8 (24-25八下·湖南郴州·期中) Once upon a time, there was a rich man. He loved his son very much. Because he wanted to make his son have a happy life, he decided to send him to see a smart old man for advice on happiness. When the old man knew about this, he gave the boy an empty bowl and asked him to go to the river and fill the bowl with water. “If no water is spilt (洒) when you come back, I will tell you about it.” The boy walked to the river and came back with a bowl of water. The old man asked him, “Did you notice the beautiful flowers along the road and the birds singing in the trees?” The boy could say nothing about them because he pay much attention to the bowl in his hands. The old man smiled and said, “Bring me another bowl of water and enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds.” When he came back, the boy could describe everything he had seen to the old man. But when he looked at his bowl, he found most water was gone. He forgot all about his bowl when he enjoyed the beautiful things along the road. “Well, young man,” the old man said. “Enjoy the beauty of the world, but never forget your dream in your heart. This is the secret of happiness.” 1．Why did the rich man decide to send his son to see a smart old man for advice? 2．What did the old man ask the boy to do? 3．How did the boy go to the river? 4．Could the boy describe the beautiful flowers and the singing birds at last? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 【答案】1．Because he wanted to make his son have a happy life. 2．He asked the boy to go to the river and fill the bowl with water without spilling any. 3．He walked to the river. 4．Yes, he could. 5．享 受世界的美好，但永远不要忘记心中的梦想。 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述一位富人为了让儿子获得幸福，送他去见一位智者。智者通过让男孩两次取水的经历，揭示了幸福的真谛——既要欣赏美好，也要不忘初心。 1．根据文章第1段“Because he wanted to make his son have a happy life, he decided to send him to see a smart old man for advice on happiness.”可知，富人送儿子去见智者的目的是希望他获得幸福。故填Because he wanted to make his son have a happy life. 2．根据文章第1段“he gave the boy an empty bowl and asked him to go to the river and fill the bowl with water. ‘If no water is spilt when you come back, I will tell you about it.’”可知，智者让男孩去河边打水且不能洒出。故填He asked the boy to go to the river and fill the bowl with water without spilling any. 3．根据文章第2段“The boy walked to the river and came back with a bowl of water.”可知，男孩是步行去河边的。故填He walked to the river. 4．根据文章第4段“When he came back, the boy could describe everything he had seen to the old man.”可知，男孩最终能描述沿途的美景。故填Yes, he could. 5．Enjoy“享受”；the beauty of the world“世界的美好”；but“但”；never forget“永远不要忘记”；your dream in your heart“心中的梦想”。故填：享受世界的美好，但永远不要忘记心中的梦想。 主题02 人与自然——植物科普 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南湘潭益智中学·期中) Plants are important living things. They come in all colors, shapes and sizes, from short grass to tall trees. Let’s come to the world of plants and learn more about them. How do plants make food? Like all living things, plants need food to live. They make food for themselves by photosynthesis (光合作用). Now the sun is shining during the day. 对于植物来说，是制造食物的时间了。To make food, plants need sunlight, CO₂ and H₂O. Photosynthesis happens in the leaves. In their leaves, plants take in sunlight and turn it into O₂ and sugars. This not only feeds the plant but also gives us O₂ to breathe. Without plants, life on the earth would be very different! What else can plants do? Fighting for light. Plants fight against each other to live. In the forests, only 2% of the sunlight gets to the forest floor. That is why some plants grow very big leaves. These big leaves act like umbrellas, catching as much light as possible. Helping friends. Plants also help each other and even communicate. In some places, water is difficult to find. Some trees, like the Euphrates poplar (胡杨), join their roots (根) under the forest floor. If a tree finds water, it will share it with other trees through the roots. This teamwork helps all the trees stay healthy. Staying safe. Plants have clever ways to stay safe. Some flowers smell bad to keep animals away. Others even have “teeth”. For example, the Mimosa (含羞草) closes its leaves quickly when something touches it. This quick action makes small animals afraid and keeps the plant safe. 1．What do plants need to make food? 2．Why do some plants in the forests grow very big leaves to fight for light? 3．How do Euphrates pop lar trees help other trees to get water? 4．Can the Mimosa close its leaves to stay safe? 5．将短文中划线的部分翻译成英文。 【答案】1．Sunlight, CO₂ and H₂O. 2．Because only 2% of the sunlight gets to the forest floor. 3．Through the roots./By sharing it with other trees through the roots./They share water with other trees through the roots. 4．Yes. 5．For plants, it’s time to make food./It’s time for plants to make food. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了植物如何通过光合作用制造食物，以及植物在森林中争夺阳光、互相帮助和自我保护的方式。 1．根据文章第二段“To make food, plants need sunlight, CO₂ and H₂O.”可知，植物制造食物需要阳光、二氧化碳和水。故填Sunlight, CO₂ and H₂O。 2．根据文章第三段“In the forests, only 2% of the sunlight gets to the forest floor. That is why some plants grow very big leaves.”可知，森林中只有2%的阳光能到达地面，因此一些植物会长出非常大的叶子来争夺阳光。故填Because only 2% of the sunlight gets to the forest floor。 3．根据文章第四段“If a tree finds water, it will share it with other trees through the roots.”可知，胡杨树通过根部与其他树分享水分。故填Through the roots./By sharing it with other trees through the roots./They share water with other trees through the roots。 4．根据文章第五段“the Mimosa closes its leaves quickly when something touches it.”可知，含羞草可以通过快速闭合叶子来保护自己。故填Yes. 5．“对于……来说”常见表达为“for...”；“是……的时间了”常用句型为“It’s time to do sth.”或“It’s time for sb. to do sth.”，“制造食物”即“make food”。此句描述一般性情况，用一般现在时。故填For plants, it’s time to make food./It’s time for plants to make food。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 知识运用之阅读表达 主题01 人与社会——传统节日；传统运动；社会实验；社会问题；人物故事；寓言故事 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南永州柳子中学·期中) Long ago, there was a monster (怪物) called “Nian”. At the end of the winter, he often appeared in a village and ate the animals and villagers. The monster seemed very strong and nobody could fight him. So the villagers had to hide in the mountains to keep themselves safe. One day, a smart old man came to the village. He told an old woman how to scare (把……吓跑) Nian away. That evening when Nian arrived at the village, he saw that only the old woman’s house was bright. Nian got close to the house. Suddenly, he heard the noise of firecrackers (鞭炮). The monster felt afraid and jumped. And then he found the house was covered in red paper. This scared him even more and he ran out of the village quickly. When the other villagers returned, they saw that the old woman didn’t die! The villagers later learned that Nian was afraid of red colors, light and loud noises. They decided to put up red couplets (对联), set off (点燃) firecrackers and stay up late when it was time for Nian’s visit at the end of winter. That is the legend (传奇) of how the Spring Festival celebration began. 1． Did Nian live in a village? 2． What would happen when Nian visited the village? 3． From whom did the villager know the way to scare Nian away? 4． Do you know other stories about festivals ? Which festival is it? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南长沙宁乡西部六乡镇·期中) As an ancient Chinese sport, the game of jianzi is quite popular now. Most people in China may have seen or even played this shuttlecock sport at least once in their lifetime. The sport of jianzi first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty (朝代). It is believed that jianzi was from a football—like game called cuju. At that time, many children made jianzi at home, using round pieces of tin (锡片) with chicken feathers (鸡毛). During the Han Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, jianzi became the most popular. In 1933, China hosted the first national jianzi competition. In 1984, jianzi was officially (正式地) seen as a Chinese national sport. These days, Jianzi is getting more and more popular around the world. You can see people in foreign countries play this feathered sport. And it gets different names in different countries, such as đá cầu in Vietnam, Federfussball in Germany, and Jegichagi in Korea. And do you know how to play jianzi? It seems easy. You just need to keep the jianzi “afloat” (漂浮的) with your feet. While it is true that it needs players to use their feet to keep the jianzi afloat, using other body parts, such as your knees and chest, is also allowed. Although you may not plan to play jianzi anytime soon, learning about it is important to better understand Chinese culture. And since it’s simple and relaxing to play jianzi, why don’t you get a jianzi to develop your jianzi skills from now on? 1．When did jianzi first appear? 2．What was jianzi made of? 3．Does jianzi have the same name all over the world? 4．How do people play jianzi? 5．What do you think of the sport of jianzi? Passage 3 (24-25八下·湖南常德澧县·期中) Tomb-sweeping (扫墓) Day is also called the Qingming Festival. It’s a traditional Chinese festival on around April 5th. It could go back to Hanshi Day (Cold Food Day) to remember the man named Jie Zitui. But people truly started to celebrate it in the year 732. So it has a long history of over 1,000 years. On that day, Chinese people must remember their ancestors (祭奠祖先). Young and old sweep the tombs and offer food, tea, wine, joss paper (钱纸) and other things to their ancestors. When we talk about the Qingming Festival, a famous Chinese poem “Qingming” may come up to our minds. The poet DuMu wrote “A drizzling rain falls like tears during the Qingming Festival; The mourner’s heart is breaking on his way.” He showed his sadness and his feeling of missing to their ancestors. When we talk about the Qingming Festival, we usually think of a very famous Chinese painting. Yes. Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival (《清明上河图》) is a painting created by Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan. Zhang was born in 1085 and died in 1145. The painting shows the everyday life of people. It also shows the beautiful looks of the Bianjing City. The fantastic painting is seen as national treasure (国宝). 1．When is the Tomb-sweeping Day? 2．What do Chinese people usually do to remember their ancestor on that day? 3．Who painted Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival? 4．What does “Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival” show? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 4 (24-25八下·湖南衡东一中教育集团·期中) What Would You Do? is a TV program on American ABC． The program which is hosted by the news reporter John Quinones is popular with many people. It tests what people will do when they see someone in trouble in order to remind (提醒) us to stand up for the people in need. Here is last week’s program. In a cake shop, an actress acted as a blind woman named Pamela, and an actor acted as a man clerk who looked down upon the blind woman. Hidden cameras were recording what would happen. The blind woman came into the shop and bought a box of twelve cup cakes. The clerk treated the woman badly at first. Then he cheated (欺骗) her when he gave her the change. He only gave her 6 single dollar bills instead of 34 dollars. Would someone be brave enough to stand up for the blind woman? Yes! A customer in the cake shop stopped the clerk from cheating the blind woman and treating her badly. And other customers joined in soon. John appeared in the end and interviewed the first customer who helped Pamela out. (5)She said it was necessary to give a hand to the people in need. “A psychology (心理学) professor once said,” she said. “It’s difficult to take the first step to stand up. It needs courage.” 1．What’s the name of the TV program? 2．What’s the purpose (目的) of the TV program? 3．Where was the blind woman? 4．Who treated the blind woman badly? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 5 (24-25八下·湖南岳阳湘阴县城南四校联考·期中) How do you go to school every day? Do you go to school by bus, by car or on foot? It is convenient (便利的) and safe for most of us to go to school. But for the children in the movie Walking to School, it is not the same. Walking to School is a movie about an 11-year-old boy Wawa and his sister. They live in a small village in Yunnan. The villagers live a very poor life. There is a big river between the school and the village. It’s difficult for students to get to school. They can’t go by boat because the river runs too quickly. So students there go on a ropeway (索道) to cross the river to school. At first,he is not afraid. He wants to go to school and studies like his sister. He crosses the river on school days. But one day his sister drops into (掉入) the river and can never come back. After that, there is always a strong sadness (悲伤) in his eyes. It is their dream to have a bridge. With the help of the country and people, their dream comes true. It is a true story. Many people are inspired (鼓舞) by the lives of the children in Yunnan province. More and more people begin to care about the children in the poor area. 1．What is the movie Walking to School about? 2．Why can’t Wawa and his sister go to school by boat? 3．How do the students in the small village of Yunnan go to school? 4．Does their dream to have a bridge come true? 5．将短文中画线的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 6 (24-25八下·湖南永州道县·期中) Talking about Hunan Province, what comes to your mind first? Unquestionably, the answer goes to Hunan dishes, which are called as Xiang dishes. Hunan dishes, with a history of more than two thousand years, are famous for its spicy taste. It is one of China’s eight schools of dishes. Chili peppers (辣椒) are the most important and popular part in Hunan dishes. They were introduced from South America in the late 1690s. Since then, they have won the hearts of Hunan people. While Sichuan dishes are famous for its classic “numbing-hot (麻辣)” taste, Hunan dishes are known for being “hot”. Hunan people invented many ways to cook chili peppers. For example, they eat fresh chili peppers into small pieces and mix them with salt, they use these salted chilli to steam (蒸) fish heads. Then it has become a classical dish around the world. Some say Hunan people love chili because they can help people get used to the damp (潮湿的) weather. The chili can drive away the dampness in one’s body. Chilli has now become a part of Hunan culture. It is believed that the chili and the personality (个性) of Hunan people have something in common. Usually described as direct, brave and hard-working, Hunan people are famous for their “hot personalities”. It is clear that they would fall in love with chili. 1．How long is the history of Hunan dishes? 2．When were chili peppers introduced into China? 3．What are Hunan dishes well-known for? 4．What do you think of Hunan people? 5．把划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 7 (24-25八下·湖南衡阳八中教育集团·期中) Huang Xuhua, a famous scientist in China, passed away (过世) on February 6th, 2025, in Wuhan, because of his illness. Huang was known as the chief (首席的) designer of China’s first nuclear submarines (核潜艇) and had received many high honors (荣誉). Huang played a key role in developing China’s first nuclear submarines, the Type 09I and Type 09II, from the 1950s to the 1980s. For 30 years, his work had been a secret. In 1970, he and his team successfully launched China’s first nuclear submarine, and in my opinion, it performed better than the first US nuclear submarine. As China’s navy (海军) started to share more information, stories about Huang and his team became widely known. People started to call him the "Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines". Huang was born (出生) in Guangdong Province in 1926. He studied shipbuilding at Shanghai Jiao Tong University from 1945 to 1949. Later, he became one of the first scientists to work on China’s nuclear submarine program. In 1958, because of his excellent skills and qualities (品质), Huang was secretly called to Beijing. For the next 30 years, he worked hard in secret on China’s nuclear submarine program. He and his team started from nothing and overcame (克服) many difficulties to build the country’s first nuclear submarine. Huang’s life was full of achievements. From 2017 to 2020, he was awarded (被授予) national-level honors three times by President Xi Jinping. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, and in 2020, he got the highest science and technology award in China for 2019. Huang cared a lot about the future of science and technology in China, as well as the growth of young people. He donated (捐赠) over 20 million yuan of his money to support (支持) scientific research, education, and the spread of scientific knowledge. 5. As soon as the country needed him, he would offer to help without thinking twice. He spent his whole life developing China’s nuclear submarine industry and national defense (防御), which encourages (鼓励) us to try our best to make our country stronger. 1．How old was Huang Xuhua when he died? 2．What did the writer think of China’s first nuclear submarine? 3．Why did Huang Xuhua give away more than 20 million yuan? 4．What can you learn from Huang Xuhua? 5．把划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 8 (24-25八下·湖南张家界慈利县·期中)      Do you know about crows? They are black birds that might seem scary to some people. But not all crows are scary. They are actually very interesting and have some amazing qualities. There are 46 main types of crows around the world. Crows are very smart. They can remember people they meet. If you see a crow today, it might remember you the next time it sees you. Also, there is a story named A thirsty Crow. It was very hot and the crow was very thirsty. It found a bottle with some water in it, but the bottle was too narrow (狭窄的) for the crow to drink from. The crow was clever. It picked up small stones and dropped them into the bottle. As the stones filled the bottle, the water rose, and the crow could drink. Crows are also very caring. When a crow is a baby, its mother takes care of it. She finds food for her baby. When the mother crow gets old, the baby crow takes care of her and finds food for her too. Crows are friendly as well. They often share food with each other and help weak ones. Some even bring small gifts to kind people. Now you know more about crows, what do you think? Crows are not just scary black birds. They are smart, caring, and friendly. Learning more about animals is valuable, and we shouldn’t judge (判断) them by their looks. Crows are a great example of why we should respect all animals on our planet. As the saying goes, “Don’t judge a book by its cover, ” and this is true for crows too. 1．What amazing qualities do crows have according to the text? 2．How many main types of crows are there in the world？ 3．What can the story A thirsty Crow show about crows? 4．Why is it important to respect all animals on our planet ? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 主题02 人与自我——健康知识；家庭教育；个人成长；校园生活；个人经历；志愿服务 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南永州蓝山县·期中) The most common disease in the world is the cold. It often starts with a sore throat. You sneeze (打喷嚏) and your nose runs. You usually have a headache, too. Often you have a cough later. If you have a cold, you should rest and drink a lot of hot water. You could also take some medicine to make you feel better. A doctor once told me, “With no medicine, a cold will go on for a week. But with the right medicine, a cold will only last for several days.” Where does our medicine come from? A long time ago, people found that some plants can make them feel better. For example, the juice of lemons makes a sore throat feel better. In modern times, scientists have studied many plants, and found out what chemicals (化学成分) are in them. Many kinds of our medicines today are made from those chemicals. There are still some diseases that we can’t treat yet. But because of modern medicine, people now live longer than their grandparents. 1．What does a cold often start with? 2. How long (多久) will a cold go without medicine? 3．What can make a sore throat feel better? 4．Why do people now live longer than their grandparents? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南衡阳船山实验中学·期中) Dear Matt, My parents always compare me with my elder brother. He is not only a top student in the school but also talented in playing sports. I’m under too much pressure. What should I do? Hu Dear Hu, It can be difficult to live in your brother’s shadow (影子), so get out of it! Never compare yourself with anyone else—the advice goes for your parents as well. They should not compare you with your brother because it isn’t healthy or fair to you. Find your own way to success. Don’t focus on (专注于) talent, focus on things you like. You should work hard at whatever you like so that you’ll improve yourself little by little. I don’t believe in talent. I believe in skill and that’s only achieved (获得) by hard work. To improve your skill, you can follow these steps. First, find out what skill you have and which one you’re good at. Next, you need to spend a lot of time practicing. Then find an expert and work with him or her closely. Last, if you truly love what you do, then learn it by heart. Finally, remember to let your parents know how you feel. 你可以试着坐下来和你的父母交流, so they can better understand you. Good luck, Matt 1．What do Hu’s parents always do to him? 2．Why shouldn’t Hu’s parents compare Hu with his elder brother? 3．What should Hu focus on to be successful? 4．将划线句子翻译成中文。 5．将划线句子翻译成英文。 Passage 3 (24-25八下·湖南娄底直学校联合体·期中) Last Sunday was Linda’s 13th birthday. She was excited all day, dreaming of the amazing present her parents would give her. When it was time to open the gift, she found a small box. Inside was a used book with a note saying, “This book changed my life when I was your age. I hope it helps you too”. Linda felt unhappy because she had been looking forward to something expensive like a new phone. However, she decided to read the book. To her surprise, it was a story about a girl facing many difficult problems. The girl didn’t give up. She worked out the difficulties by working hard and staying kind. Slowly, Linda realized why her parents chose this gift. They wanted her to learn that working hard and being kind are much more important than having expensive things. The next day, Linda went to her parents and said sincerely, “This is the best gift I’ve ever received!” Her parents smiled and replied, “We’re glad you understand its meaning behind the gift.” 1．What did Linda’s parents give her for her birthday? 2．Why did Linda feel unhappy at first? 3．How did the girl in the book work out difficulties? 4．Do you like reading? Why or why not? 5．把短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 4 (24-25八下·湖南长沙明德教育集团·期中) Good News! Students at Gaoxin Junior Middle School of Shenzhen Nanshan Foreign Language School can take their favorite club activity classes. These classes take place every Thursday from 4:40 p.m. to 6:05 p.m.. With 55 different clubs, such as sports, arts and singing, students have many choices to keep them busy. Among the fun classes, students really like the soil and hydroponics club (水土栽培社团). In each class, students first learn important things like how to tell plants from each other and how to plant them in the right place. Then, they have 10 minutes to observe (观察) real plants. Finally, here comes the most interesting part: They can plant their plants in the school garden! They need to choose the best way to care for different plants. For example, strawberries grow well in water and apples love soil. “It’s interesting but also difficult,” said Wang Yijie, a 13-year-old girl. “In hydroponics, different plants need to stay in water with different PH levels. So, I need to make water match their needs by adding acid (酸) in different amounts (量). It is all about chemistry (化学).” The clubs not only let students learn different subjects, but they also help students grow in many ways. “Being in the singing club has taught me the power of teamwork,” said 12-year-old Zhao Ruixi. “I am also more confident now and no longer feel nervous when I have to speak in front of many people.” 1．When do the club activity classes take place at Gaoxin Junior Middle School? 2．How long do students observe real plants in the soil and hydroponics club? 3．Is it difficult or easy for Wang Yijie to take care of plants in hydroponics? 4．What can Zhao Ruixi get from the chorus club? 5． What club do you want to join, and why? Passage 5 (24-25八下·湖南长沙浏阳·期中) In the morning, we went on a trip to Green Natural Park. We were happy because it was a sunny day. On the way, we kept singing and talking happily. However, when we finished our picnic at 1:00 p.m., it was dark and windy. Soon, the storm came when we were walking to the campsite (野营地). We ran but we could find no place to hide. Twenty minutes passed and it was still raining. There were hours to go before we reached the campsite. It was even worse that our small compass(指南针) showed that we went the wrong way. We lost our way! We had to make a quick decision because it was raining heavily. Chris said we could put up a tent to hide in, so Mary and Tom helped to do it. Chris and I tried to make a fire to keep us warm. But we couldn’t light the fire, as everything was wet. We had to wait inside the tent. At about five, it stopped raining. We decided to give up the trip because all of us were very tired. This trip might not be very successful but we got the most important thing—the importance of teamwork. 1．Where did the writer go on a trip? 2．What were they doing when the storm came? 3．Did they make a fire successfully? 4．Why did they give up the trip? 5．What can we learn from the trip? Passage 6 (24-25八下·湖南怀化通道县·期中) A little boy always thought he was the unluckiest child in the world. Because he was kind of disabled. So he was quiet and hardly played with his classmates. One spring, the boy’s father gave each child a small tree to plant. The father said to the children, “I’ll buy a gift for the child whose tree grows best.” So every child tried their best. Several days later, when the little boy went to see his tree, he was surprised to find his tree grew better than his brothers’ and sisters’. His father kept his promise and said the boy would become an excellent botanist (植物学家) in the future. Since then, the little boy became confident (自信的). One night, the little boy remembered the teacher once said that plants usually grow at night. Why not go to see the tree? When he went out, he found his father watering his tree. Suddenly, he knew his father helped him take care of his tree! Years passed. The little boy didn’t become a botanist, but he became the president (总统) of the United States. His name is Franklin Roosevelt. 1．Why did the boy think he was the unluckiest? 2．Who made the little boy’s tree grow best? 3．What do you think of the boy’s father? 4．Did the boy become confident later? 5．将画线部分的英文译成中文。 Passage 7 (24-25八下·湖南张家界桑植县·期中) When Nancy Green was five, her older sister, Anitha was ill and had to stay in hospital for a month. Nancy and her parents often stayed close by, and a small restaurant near the hospital served them meals. (4)This restaurant also provided a homelike place, so people could have a warm time there. Nancy remembered eating meals prepared there by kind and friendly volunteers. Her family felt thankful for the kindness. When Anitha got better, (5)他们在那做志愿者并希望对别人产生影响。They helped out there by preparing meals every Sunday for 50 to 70 guests (客人). They made lots of friends. Most of these friends also came to help others like her family. They also tried to make guests feel warm in many ways. They handed out caring cards for those kids in hospital. At the same time, they made some welcome bags by hand for guests. In the restaurant, they put up a “Happiness Wall” with different exciting messages from different people. Besides those, Nancy and Anitha often played music when the guests were eating. When helping others, the Greens got such a strong feeling of satisfaction. This kind of feeling keeps them volunteering. As Nancy said, “This brings much more happiness. I will try my best to give back to the world.” 1．Why did Anitha have to stay in the hospital for a month? 2．What did Nancy and her family help out with as volunteers? 3．How did the Greens feel when helping others? 4．请将划线句子翻译成中文。 5．请将划线句子翻译成英文。 Passage 8 (24-25八下·湖南怀化溆浦县第一中学·期中) A strong earthquake hit central Myanmar (缅甸) on March 28, 2025, at 2:20 p.m. (Beijing Time). The earthquake was 7.9 in magnitude (震级) and happened 30 kilometers underground. The center of the earthquake was near Sagaing Region, close to China’s border.   The earthquake caused serious damage. In Myanmar, 1644 people died and 3408 were injured. Many buildings in Mandalay and Naypyidaw fell down. Important places like the Sagaing Bridge and Mandalay Airport were destroyed. In Thailand, a tall building in Bangkok collapsed (倒塌), killing three people. In China’s Yunnan Province, two people were slightly hurt.   Rescue work was difficult because roads were damaged. China sent a medical team with drones (无人机) to help. The United Nations promised $5 million for aid. Scientists say Myanmar is on the Sagaing Fault, where two big earth plates meet. This area often has strong earthquakes.   “I told my students two things. First, we should protect ourselves, because it is not a game. Second, we should get ready for everything in time.” said Adelina, a teacher of the Middle School. ⑥Although all the buildings in the school were broken, everyone was safe. Because both the students and the teachers had learned some life-saving skills, they quickly ran out of the buildings. 1．When and where did the earthquake happen?   2．How many people were injured in Myanmar? 3．Why was rescue work challenging after the earthquake? 4．What will you do if you face the earthquake? 5．将划线的句子翻译成中文。 主题03 人与自然——环保科技；城市农业 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南常德芷兰实验学校·期中) In 2025, more and more people around the world are showing great interest in electric vehicles (EVs) (电动汽车). The main reason is that they are much more environmentally friendly compared to traditional gasoline-powered cars. In many big cities, the number of EVs on the roads is rising quickly. For example, in Shanghai, China, a lot of people choose to buy electric cars because they can get some benefits like free parking in certain areas and subsidies (补贴) from the government. These incentives make EVs more attractive to customers. Another advantage of EVs is the cost-saving aspect. Although the upfront cost of buying an electric vehicle might be a bit higher, in the long run, the cost of charging an EV is much lower than buying gasoline. And the maintenance cost (保养费用) of EVs is also relatively low since they have fewer moving parts than gasoline-powered cars. However, there are still some problems with EVs. One of the biggest problems is the limited charging (充电) infrastructure (基础设施). In some areas, it's not easy to find a charging station, and the charging time is much longer than filling up a gas tank. 1．Why are more and more people interested in electric vehicles in 2025? 2．What benefits can people get if they buy electric cars in Shanghai? 3．What is one of the biggest problems of electric vehicles? 4．Will you choose to buy electric cars? Why or why not ? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南株洲荷塘区校学校·期中) Farming seems to be an old way of living. But now, farms are coming to modern buildings and you can even see them on a balcony (阳台). According to Alibaba, the sales of vegetable seeds (种子) in the first season on T-mall were twice more than the same season last year. Of all the people who buy seeds, most were born (出生) after 1995. Zhang Chao, 17, is one of the young “city farmers”. The senior high student said his love for growing vegetables came from the days when he lived with his grandpa in the countryside. “Spending his whole life as a farmer, my grandpa liked to grow vegetables in our garden when he was older,” Zhang said. “I also learned from him to grow my own vegetables on my balcony, and it brought me good memories (回忆).” Unlike Zhang, Yang Jing from a university thinks differently. “I have too much homework every day. I always thought my boring life never ended. But when I saw the balcony idea from a website, my life changed! I started planting vegetables on my balcony one year ago. I got most of the seeds from my friends, but I didn’t know what plant seeds they were. So I just planted them and waited patiently. Half a year later, my balcony became a small beautiful garden. Now, every time I spend long hours on homework, I would like to walk to my balcony to relax,” said Yang. Now, planting on a balcony is getting more and more popular. As a teenager, would you like to have a try? 1．Where can you see farms now?   2．When did Zhang Chao begin to love growing vegetables?   3．What would Yang Jing like to do when he spends long hours on homework?   4．Do you think planting on a balcony is a good idea? Why or why not?   5．请将短文中划线句子翻译成中文。 主题01 人与自我——心理健康；个人励志；个人成长；个人经历；个人品质 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南长沙周南教育集团联考·期中) As we know, there are mainly two kinds of people in the world—the extroverted (外向的) and the introverted (内向的). Extroverted people are outgoing and they are good at making friends. Introverted people like to stay alone. In this way, they can think more carefully and solve problems better. Introversion is not the same as social phobia (社交恐惧症). People with social phobia may face many problems in their daily lives. They always feel unhappy and not comfortable when talking with others. Besides, they may find it hard to sleep well. Some worry too much about social activities. Others feel stressed all the time, even when they are alone. For students with social phobia, simple things like answering a teacher’s question or eating in the school cafeteria (食堂) can make their hearts beat fast. And they have difficulty making friends at school. Social phobia is different from shyness. Teenagers with social phobia should treat (对待) it properly. Firstly, it’s a good way to talk to a parent or counselor about their feelings. Secondly, they should exercise regularly—running or yoga can help reduce stress. Thirdly, Why not practice making some friends bravely? Start with small steps, like saying “hello” to a classmate. Social phobia is a kind of mental (精神的) illness. So the most important way to solve it is to get special treatments (治疗). Remember, progress takes time, but every effort counts! 1．What are the two main types of people in the world? 2．Why do introverted people like to stay alone? 3．How may people with social phobia feel when communicating with others? 4．Is social phobia different from shyness? 5．What is the most important way to deal with social phobia? Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南长沙长郡集团·期中) Even in early time, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life. Every great achievement (成就) has been the result of years of dreaming. If a person has a dream and holds fast to it, he or she will find a way to bring it into reality (现实). Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at them for being naive (天真的). Many great men were dreamers when they were children. One such dreamer was Thomas Edison. He used to be ostracized (排斥) when he was in primary school, but his achievements were greater than everyone else’s in his time. Teenagers and young people should also be encouraged to dream. The world is full of successful teenagers and young people. They dreamt big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are good examples. They developed technology and brought great progress to human besides making money for themselves. Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that the human mind is never too old to make dreams turn into reality. Colonel Sanders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company (KFC) in the world. To dream is a wonderful ability which can lead to wonderful results. Olympic records were broken by players who were brave enough to dream. No one is too young or too old to dream and to make dreams come true. 1．According to the passage, what is the result of years of dreaming? 2．Did Thomas Edison achieve more than the others in his time? 3．How many famous great dreamers are there in the passage? 4．When did Colonel Saunders set up KFC? 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? Passage 3 (24-25八下·湖南娄底冷水江·期中) Life is hard. And middle school students have every reason to say so. Recently, people in Changsha did a survey (调查) about young people’s mental (精神的) health. It found that middle school students in Changsha feel the biggest pressure from school among teenagers. Besides (除此之外), 48.8% of middle school students show signs of mental health problems. What are students worried about? “First, the class ranking (排名) after exams. Second, they are not able to reach their parents’ expectation (期待),” the Youth Time reported. This is not only true with Chinese students. The experts (专家) in America recently did a similar survey. The results are surprising: in the US, teenagers have a higher level (水平) of stress than adults (成年人). For them, one of the big reasons for stress is also schoolwork. What can we do to help? * Be sure to have an active (积极的) life. * Sleep for 8—9 hours a day. * Find someone to exercise with every day. 1．What did people in Changsha do a survey about? 2．According to the passage, how many things do the Chinese students worry about? 3．Which country did a similar survey like Changsha? 4．Do teenagers have a higher level of stress than adults in the US? 5．将短文中划线句子翻译成中文： Passage 4 (24-25八下·湖南常德鼎城区校联考·期中) Now more and more Chinese teenagers find life more difficult without their parents. ④They don’t know how to do housework, because their parents do almost everything for them at home. This is a big problem. Joy is 14 years old. One day her parents went on a trip to Shanghai, so she had to stay at home alone. At first she thought she would be happy because her parents were not in. She could do everything that she liked. But it was seven o’clock in the evening, and she felt hungry. “Oh, it’s time to have supper. Where can I get my food?” she said to herself. Later she got some food in the fridge, but she didn’t know how to cook. At that moment, she missed her parents very much. At last she could only go to a restaurant to eat. Many teenagers are the same as Joy. So I think teenagers should learn some basic life skills such as tidying up their rooms, dressing themselves, cooking some simple dishes and so on. They shouldn’t depend too much on their parents, either. ⑤ 学会独立对于他们相当重要。 1．Why did Joy have to stay at home alone that day? 2．Did Joy cook any food for supper at last? 3．What should teenagers learn in the writer’s opinion? 4．请把划线句子翻译成中文。 5．请把划线句子翻译成英文。 Passage 5 (24-25八下·湖南邵阳新邵县·期中) I’m David. I lived on the first floor of an apartment building. One day, I was having dinner at home. Suddenly, I heard a terrible sound and felt the chair shaking! At that time, I thought to myself. “It is an earthquake (地震).” I was so scared that I started shaking. I got up from the chair and left the house quickly. I saw Chloe, my neighbor, outside the building, too. I told her I was too scared to go back into the house because I was afraid that it would start shaking again. Chloe and I decided to go straight to the park to find a safe place to sit. There were so many people. We spent all night there. We stayed in the same park for the next few days because there were still small earthquakes from time to time. When we were sure it was safe, we went back to our apartment building. We were worried because hundreds of houses in our neighborhood were badly damaged. When I went into my house, I saw that the windows were broken. Luckily, nothing was more serious than that. I was really tired, but I didn’t want to rest because I was scared. I was afraid there might be another earthquake. Chloe was different from me. She said she wanted to sleep for a week. 1．What was David doing when the earthquake happened? 2．Where did David and Chloe stay for the next few days after the first earthquake? 3．How many houses were badly damaged? 4．Should we go back into the house right away after the earthquake? Why? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 6 (24-25八下·湖南岳阳岳阳县·期中) Mr. Black was once a policeman. He was a kind person. （A）他喜欢早餐后去公园散散步/走一走。 It was very cold on a winter morning. Mr. Black was walking along the street when he heard a cry for help. He turned around but could see nobody. He stopped and looked here and there. At the moment, a boy ran up to him. The boy was in such a hurry that he couldn’t say a word except pointing towards the river. Mr. Black ran to the river as soon as possible. Both of them ran along the river and saw a girl in the water. She was holding a piece of wood. It was carrying her away. It was too dangerous. （B） Without a word, Mr. Black took off his clothes as quickly as he could, and jumped into the river. He swam to the girl and took her back near the bank and lifted the girl up, and then the boy helped pull her out of the water. Then they stopped a car and took the girl to the hospital. At last the girl’s life was saved and she thanked them very much. 1．What was Mr. Black doing when he heard a cry for help? 2．Was there a boy in the water? 3．How did they go to hospital? 4．将（A）翻译成英文： 5．将（B）翻译成中文： 主题02 人与社会——科技发展；历史典故；神话人物故事；动画电影 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南怀化麻阳苗族自治县锦江中学·期中) Nowadays, AI is becoming more and more popular in our lives. It’s like a smart helper that can do many things for us. It can talk to us, answer our questions, and even help us solve problems. The story of AI goes back to the 1950s. From then on, AI has gone through ups and downs. However, recent years have seen a rapid development, with breakthroughs in deep learning and large language models. In schools, AI is becoming a useful tool. For example, if a student has trouble with math, AI can give personalized (个性化的) practice and explanations. It’s a great support for students. At home, AI is very helpful, too. Smart home devices with AI can control lights, temperature, and even play music. All you have to do is ask, and AI will do it for you. It’s like having a magic helper that can make your life easier. AI can also help us stay healthy. There are AI apps that can remind us to exercise, eat healthy food, and get enough sleep. For example, Huawei Health is an AI-powered app that offers personalized exercise plans and records physical activities, sleep habits, and overall health information. However, some people worry about AI. They think AI might take over too many jobs or make wrong decisions. But many experts say that AI is here to help us, not take over. By understanding how AI works, we can make the most of its benefits while avoiding its possible problems. 1．When does the story of AI start? 2．How does AI help students with their math? 3．Why do some people worry about AI? 4．Do you think AI is useful or useless? Why? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 2 (24-25八下·湖南永州新田县·期中) Long time ago, State Jin (晋国) wanted to attack State Guo. But between State Jin and State Guo there was State Yu. So the army of State Jin had to go across State Yu. General (将军) Xun Xi of State Jin offered a plan to the Duke of Xian (晋国公). Xun Xi said, “Your Majesty, why don’t we use our precious jade (美玉) and excellent steeds (骏马) to bribe the Duke of Yu, so that our army may go across State Yu?” The Duke of Xian replied, “What if the Duke of Yu accepts our gifts but refuses our request?” Xun Xi said, “It’s impossible. If the Duke of Yu does not let us pass through, he won’t accept our gifts. If he accepts our gifts and lets us pass through, we can attack (攻击) State Yu after attacking State Guo. Then Sate Yu will be part of us. Now giving them these treasures would be like storing them in State Yu temporarily.” The Duke of Xian accepted Xun Xi’s advice. Xun Xi went to visit the Duke of Yu and said, “Your Majesty, here are our jade and steeds for you. Please accept them.” The Duke of Yu was greedy for the jade and steeds, and he was going to say yes to the request. Gong Zhiqi, the general of State Yu, told his Duke, “Your Majesty, we should refuse Xun Xi’s request. The relationship between State Yu and State Guo is like the relationship between lips and teeth. If there are no lips, the teeth will be exposed to the cold. The future of our two countries are closely related. If there is no State Yu, there will be no State Guo and vice versa.” The Duke of Yu refused to take Gong Zhiqi’s advice. He accepted the gifts and allowed the army of State Jin to pass through to attack State Guo. After the army of State Jin controlled State Guo, they controlled State Yu on their way back. Also, they brought back the treasures. 1．Why did the general plan to bribe the Duke of Yu? 2．Who advised refusing the request? 3．Did the Duke of Yu accept the gifts? 4．What do you think of Xun Xi? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 3 (24-25八下·湖南邵阳绥宁县城区联考·期中) In shops, restaurants and supermarkets around Beijing, you may notice a special place about 10 square meters in size. It is a service corner for outdoor workers to rest or to get some necessary things like water, medicine and battery chargers (充电器). These spaces are free for all outdoor workers to use. Without them, they have to take a break by the roadside. One restaurant near Xiyuan Subway Station provided space for the service corner. “Working in the restaurant, I can see deliverymen (外卖员) all the time. I know how hard it is for them to make money,” said Li Hui, the restaurant’s owner. “They sometimes can’t get hot water in winter. Service corners almost solve such problems. That’s what I want to do for them. I hope the service corner can warm outdoor workers’ hearts.” Now there are about 27,000 service corners in Beijing, and it plans to add another 3,900. Before the service corners were built, 40-year-old deliveryman Zhang hoped to take a break indoors in order to get warm in winter or to cool off in summer. But he usually didn’t.“It is comfortable to rest indoors. But I don’t want to trouble shop owners. So, I would rest on my bike and play with my phone,” he said. “I have to save money for my family, and sometimes I am so busy. So, I don’t even notice the service corners. Neither do my co-workers. Maybe it will take a little time for me to get used to them,” Zhang said. 1．Where can people see the service corner for outdoor workers? 2．Why is the deliverymen’s job difficult according to Li Hui? 3．How many service corners will there be in Beijing in all? 4．Do you think the job of a deliveryman is easy or difficult? Why? 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 4 (24-25八下·湖南长沙望城区·期中) Harry Potter isn’t the only boy hero. China has its own magical boy, and kids have loved him for years The cartoon film Nezha Conquers the Dragon King (《哪吒闹海》) was made in 1979. But the story still has lots of fun today. Nezha is the third son of Li Jing, a general of the Shang Dynasty (商朝). He is not like other children. He stays in his mother’s body for three and a half years before he is born. And when his mother gives birth to him, a big ball comes out. Li Jing cuts the ball open, and there is a bright red light and a baby boy inside The boy has a beautiful white face. But Li Jing is not happy with him. The next day, a Taoist (道士) comes to see the boy. He names him Nezha and takes him as his student. He also gives him two magic weapons (武器) to fight with bad people. When Nezha is seven years old, there is a big drought (干旱). The Dragon King, the ruler of the sea, wants people to die. Nezha goes and kills the Dragon King’s favourite son. That makes the Dragon King angry, so he floods the place with rain for three days. He won’t stop until Nezha is killed. Will the boy die? Or can he beat the Dragon King? Watch the film to find out! 1．When was the cartoon film Nezha Conquers the Dragon King made? 2．Why is Nezha different from other children before he is born? 3．Does Nezha’s mother cut the ball open to free the little boy? 4．Why does the Taoist give Nezha two magic weapons? 5．What do you think of Nezha? Passage 5 (24-25八下·湖南永州宁远县·期中) ⑤.When people from all over China are preparing for the Spring Festival, a Chinese AI app is becoming popular around the world. The Chinese AI app DeepSeek became the most popular free app on the Apple App Store worldwide, ahead of ChatGPT from OpenAI, Gemini from Google, and Llama 2 from Meta. In January 2025, the Chinese AI company DeepSeek introduced its new open-source model (开放源代码模型), DeepSeek-R1. Because this model has made progress by using deep learning methods that let the AI develop reasoning skills by itself, it can work as well as the best models from big companies like OpenAI. It can answer math questions, write computer codes, and even explain difficult texts in simple ways. Ms. Li, an English teacher, said, “It gives clear steps to solve problems, just like a patient teacher.” What surprises the world most is that the cost for users will be lower than that of other companies. The app quickly caught the world’s attention. Marc Andreessen, a famous business expert in Silicon Valley, wrote online, “DeepSeek is one of the most amazing and exciting developments I’ve ever seen.” From classrooms to offices, DeepSeek is changing how Chinese people use technology. It shows the growth of Chinese AI technology on the world stage. As AI keeps developing, this young company is writing a new story for China’s tech future. 1．When did the company DeepSeek introduce its DeepSeek-R1? 2．Why can DeepSeek-R1 work like OpenAI? 3．Is DeepSeek the most popular paid (付费的) app on the Apple App Store worldwide? 4．What do you want to use DeepSeek for? 5．将画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 6 (24-25八下·湖南株洲荷塘区·期中) Xiaohua, a hairdresser (理发师), has become popular on the Internet. People say she is “a hairdresser who carefully listens”. Xiaohua and her husband have a hairdresser’s shop in Huaihua, Hunan. The shop, which has been running for about 12 years, is just about 20 to 30 m² in size. In February, 2024, Xiaohua started showing videos of her cutting hair online. At first, few people watched the videos. But in October, to her surprise, one of the videos got popular. Her customers (顾客) said she knew the haircuts that they really wanted. Soon millions of people started to watch her videos. Many have invited her to open shops in their hometowns or to teach other hairdressers across the country. People like Xiaohua because she sees customers as friends and carefully listens to their needs. “I try my best to cut the hair. I make sure my customers know what I can do for them. I don’t add things they don’t want or like, ” she said. “That’s probably why they come back to me. ” Faced with great popularity, Xiaohua doesn’t think of herself as a professional (专业的) hairdresser. She believes more hairdressers are better than her. “As long as someone cuts enough and learns from his or her mistakes, he or she can be a good hairdresser,” Xiaohua said. Now, many people visit Xiaohua’s shop every day. She hardly has time to rest, but she loves her work. She welcomes anyone who’s visiting Huaihua to “stop by for a haircut”. 1．Where do Xiaohua and her husband have a hairdresser’s shop? 2．Why do people like Xiaohua? 3．How can someone be a good hairdresser according to Xiaohua? 4．What do you think of Xiaohua? 5．将短文中的句子翻译成中文。 Passage 7 (24-25八下·湖南岳阳·期中) Wang Xingxing, the founder, CEO and CTO of Unitree Robotics, has an unusual journey. He was born in 1990. Since childhood, he showed an unbelievable ability to use his hands and a deep love for invention. In his early years, when other kids were playing with toys, Wang Xingxing was busy fixing and repairing them again and again. Because he wanted to know more about how they worked. This curiosity (好奇心) led him to be interested in different fields of technology (科技领域). As he grew up, his interest for robotics grew stronger. He spent a lot of days and nights learning about engineering, electronics, and computer science. After years of hard work and self-learning, he finally decided to start his own company, Unitree Robotics. The company is good at making different kinds of robots. We can see them everywhere, in factories, hotels, even at home and in schools. Their robots can do a lot of things, such as helping with difficult things, and also in our daily life. Parents can use them to help with housework. Students can use them to study well. Wang Xingxing makes a big difference to our life and our future. “I’ll work harder to bring China’s technological development (科技发展) to a new step,” he said to the reporter. 1．How old is Wang Xingxing? 2．What was he doing when other kids were playing with kids? 3．Where can see robots now? 4．What do you think of Wang Xingxing?（Give reasons.） 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 Passage 8 (24-25八下·湖南郴州·期中) Once upon a time, there was a rich man. He loved his son very much. Because he wanted to make his son have a happy life, he decided to send him to see a smart old man for advice on happiness. When the old man knew about this, he gave the boy an empty bowl and asked him to go to the river and fill the bowl with water. “If no water is spilt (洒) when you come back, I will tell you about it.” The boy walked to the river and came back with a bowl of water. The old man asked him, “Did you notice the beautiful flowers along the road and the birds singing in the trees?” The boy could say nothing about them because he pay much attention to the bowl in his hands. The old man smiled and said, “Bring me another bowl of water and enjoy the flowers and the singing of birds.” When he came back, the boy could describe everything he had seen to the old man. But when he looked at his bowl, he found most water was gone. He forgot all about his bowl when he enjoyed the beautiful things along the road. “Well, young man,” the old man said. “Enjoy the beauty of the world, but never forget your dream in your heart. This is the secret of happiness.” 1．Why did the rich man decide to send his son to see a smart old man for advice? 2．What did the old man ask the boy to do? 3．How did the boy go to the river? 4．Could the boy describe the beautiful flowers and the singing birds at last? 5．将短文中划线的句子翻译成中文。 主题02 人与自然——植物科普 Passage 1 (24-25八下·湖南湘潭益智中学·期中) Plants are important living things. They come in all colors, shapes and sizes, from short grass to tall trees. Let’s come to the world of plants and learn more about them. How do plants make food? Like all living things, plants need food to live. They make food for themselves by photosynthesis (光合作用). Now the sun is shining during the day. 对于植物来说，是制造食物的时间了。To make food, plants need sunlight, CO₂ and H₂O. Photosynthesis happens in the leaves. In their leaves, plants take in sunlight and turn it into O₂ and sugars. This not only feeds the plant but also gives us O₂ to breathe. Without plants, life on the earth would be very different! What else can plants do? Fighting for light. Plants fight against each other to live. In the forests, only 2% of the sunlight gets to the forest floor. That is why some plants grow very big leaves. These big leaves act like umbrellas, catching as much light as possible. Helping friends. Plants also help each other and even communicate. In some places, water is difficult to find. Some trees, like the Euphrates poplar (胡杨), join their roots (根) under the forest floor. If a tree finds water, it will share it with other trees through the roots. This teamwork helps all the trees stay healthy. Staying safe. Plants have clever ways to stay safe. Some flowers smell bad to keep animals away. Others even have “teeth”. For example, the Mimosa (含羞草) closes its leaves quickly when something touches it. This quick action makes small animals afraid and keeps the plant safe. 1．What do plants need to make food? 2．Why do some plants in the forests grow very big leaves to fight for light? 3．How do Euphrates pop lar trees help other trees to get water? 4．Can the Mimosa close its leaves to stay safe? 5．将短文中划线的部分翻译成英文。 1 / 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $