专题14 there be句型（知识清单）-2026年小升初英语复习讲练测（北京专用）

小升初英语专题总复习（北京专用） 专题14 there be句型 考点 there be句型 1. 概述 there be句型表示“（某处）存在某人或某物”，称为存现句。there为引导词，无词义，be后面的名词或名词短语作句子的主语。 There is a garden at the back of the house.房子后面有一座花园。 There are other ways of doing this exercise.还有别的方法做这个练习。 辨析：there be句型表示“某处有某人/物”，着重“存在”的状态，强调客观存在；have/has强调“某人有某物”，着重“所有”，强调所属关系的拥有。 There are three crayons in my pencil box.我铅笔盒里有三支蜡笔。 I have three crayons.我有三支蜡笔。 注意：在北京考区，要特别关注there be句型和have/has的区别。 2. 句式（以一般现在时为例） ①肯定句结构： •There is+可数名词单数/不可数名词+其他. There is some milk in the bottle.瓶子里有一些牛奶。 •There are+可数名词复数+其他. There are many flowers in the garden.花园里有许多花。 ②否定句结构： there be句式变否定句时，在be动词后面加not，some要变为 any。 •There isn’t+可数名词单数/不可数名词+其他. There isn’t a cat under the chair.椅子下面没有猫。 There isn’t anything wrong with the radio.这台收音机没什么毛病。 •There aren’t+可数名词复数+其他. There aren’t any books on the desk.桌子上没有书。 ③疑问句结构： there be句式变疑问句时，要把there看作语法上的主语，把be提前。 •Is there+可数名词单数/不可数名词+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, there is. 否定回答：No, there isn’t. —Is there a park near your home?你家附近有公园吗？ —Yes, there is.是的，有。/No, there isn’t.不，没有。 •Are there+可数名词复数+其他? 肯定回答：Yes, there are. 否定回答：No, there aren’t. —Are there any students in the classroom?教室里有学生吗？ —Yes, there are.是的，有。/No, there aren’t.不，没有。 Are there any differences between this car and that one?这辆车与那辆车有什么不同之处吗？ 拓展：there be句型的特殊疑问句的结构为“特殊疑问词+be+there+其他?”。 How many boys are there in your class?你们班有多少个男生？ 注意：在北京考区，there be句型的句型结构是高频考点，句型转换是高频题型。 3. 常见时态（以肯定句为例） there be句式可以有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等多种时态形式，由其中的谓语动词be来体现。 ①一般现在时： •There is+可数名词单数/不可数名词+其他. There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树。 There is nothing to be done now.现在没有办法了。 •There are+可数名词复数+其他. There are some kites in the sky.天空中有许多风筝。 ②一般过去时： •There was+可数名词单数/不可数名词+其他. There was a small river here before.以前这里有一条小河。 •There were+可数名词复数+其他. There were many animals in the zoo last Sunday.上周日动物园有许多动物。 ③一般将来时： •There will be+名词+其他. There will be an art show next weekend.下周末将有一场艺术演出。 There will be rain next week.下星期要下雨。 •There is/are going to be +名词+其他. There is going to be a film tonight.今晚将有一场电影。 There are going to be two concerts next week.下周将有两场音乐会。 拓展：there be句式可与情态动词连用。 There must be a mistake.一定是弄错了。 There might still be hope.可能还有希望。 4. 用法 ①主谓一致：在there be句型中，若只有一个主语，谓语的数则取决于该主语的数；若有两个及以上并列的主语时，谓语的数则通常与其后最邻近的主语保持单复数一致。 There is a pen and two books on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔和两本书。 注意：在北京考区，there be句型遵循“主谓一致”的用法是高频考点和重点。当并列主语中最近的主语是复数时，be动词的形式由最靠近它的主语决定（就近原则）。 There are two books and a pen on the desk.桌子上有两本书和一支钢笔。 ②there be+名词/代词+现在分词：现在分词表示某人或某物正在做的事情或正处于的状态。 There is a woman dancing under the tree.有一个女士正在树下跳舞。 There are some children playing in the park.有一些孩子正在公园里玩。 There were some children swimming in the river.有些小孩在河里游泳。 ③there be+名词/代词+不定式：不定式表示动作尚未发生，不定式中动词短语的介词不能漏。 There is a lot of work to do today.今天有很多工作要做。 There is a nice room to live in.有一间很好的房间可以住。（in不可省略） 考点再现 用be动词（is/are/was/were/will be）的适当形式填空，补全句子。 1. There ________ some water in the glass. 2. There ________ two apples and an orange on the table just now. 3. There ________ a lot of people in the concert yesterday. 4. There ________ a pen and three pencils in the pencil box. 5. There ________ a meeting next Monday. 6. There ________ any milk in the fridge now. (用否定形式) 7. There ________ a big tree in front of our school three years ago. 8. There ________ going to be a football match tomorrow afternoon. 过关训练 根据中文提示补全句子（每空一词）。 1. 桌子上有一本书和两支钢笔。 There ________ a book and two pens ________ the desk. 2. 你们学校有多少名女老师？ How many women teachers ________ ________ in your school? 3. 明天将有一场英语晚会。 There ________ ________ ________ ________ an English party tomorrow. 4. 房间里没有椅子。 There __________ __________ chairs in the room. 5. 看！树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。 Look! There __________ a bird __________ in the tree. 6. 这个城市以前有一座老桥吗？ __________ there an old bridge in the city before? 7. 冰箱里没有鸡蛋了。 There __________ __________ eggs in the fridge. 8. 这个箱子很重，里面有很多书要拿。 The box is heavy. There are many books __________ __________. 一、用there be和have的适当形式填空。 1. I ________ a new friend. 2. ________ ________ a book on the desk. 3. She ________ long hair. 4. ________ ________ some birds in the tree. 5. They ________ a big house. 6. ________ ________ a computer in the room last weekend. 二、用be动词（is/are/was/were/will be）的适当形式填空，补全句子。 1. There ________ a toy box on the desk. 2. There ________ some tea in the glass. 3. There ________ many cute monkeys in the tree. 4. There ________ a ruler and two pens on the paper. 5. There ________ two pens and a ruler on the paper. 6. There ________ a small lake here last year. 7. There ________ many young people in the shop yesterday. 8. There ________ a volleyball match tomorrow. 9. There ________ going to be a party this weekend. 10. There ________ some boys playing basketball on the playground. 三、单项选择。 ( )1. There is a boy ________ under the tree. A. read B. reading C. to read ( )2. There ________ some bread on the plate. A. is B. are C. be ( )3. Look! ________ a dog lying on the grass. A. There is   B. There are   C. It has   ( )4. My younger sister ________ a new bicycle as her birthday gift. A. there is   B. there are   C. has  ( )5. ________ any milk in the fridge? A. Are there   B. Is there   C. Does it have   ( )6. They ________ a big house with a beautiful garden. A. there is   B. there are   C. have   ( )7. How many days ________ in a week? A. are there   B. is there   C. do you have   ( )8. We all know that the desk ________ four legs. A. there is   B. there are   C. has   ( )9. ________ a basketball match in our school yesterday. A. There was   B. There were   C. We have   ( )10.—What’s in your schoolbag? —________ some erasers and a new pencil box. A. There is   B. There are   C. I have   四、根据中文提示补全句子（每空一词）。 1. 以前这里有一条河。 There ________ a river here before. 2. 下周将有一场运动会。 There ________ ________ a sports meeting next week. 3. 有一个女孩正在树下画画。 There is a girl ________ pictures under the tree. 4. 我有很多家庭作业要做。 I have a lot of homework ________ ________. 5. 房间里有一张可以住的床。 There is a bed to ________ ________. 五、句子改错（每句只有一处错误，请找出并改正）。 1. There have a lot of books on the shelf. __________ → __________ 2. There is some pears and a watermelon in the basket. __________ → __________ 3. How many milk is there in the cup? __________ → __________ 4. There will is a new library in our school next year. __________ → __________ 5. There aren’t some students in the classroom. __________ → __________ 6. There were a pen and two pencils on the desk yesterday. __________ → __________ 7. Are there any water in the bottle? __________ → __________ 8. There is going to have a football match next week. __________ → __________ 六、句型转换：按要求改写句子。 1. There is some juice in the bottle.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 2. There were many people in the museum yesterday.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答） _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 3. There is a cat under the chair.（改为复数句子） _______________________________________________ 4. There will be a concert next Friday.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 5. There are twelve months in a year.（对画线部分提问） _______________________________________________ 6. There is a boy singing in the next room.（改为一般疑问句） _______________________________________________ 7. There are some flowers in the garden.（改为否定句） _______________________________________________ 8. There was a hospital near here.（改为复数句子） _______________________________________________ 七、用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，补全短文。 Look! This is my new classroom. There 1. ______(be) a big blackboard in the front of the classroom. There 2. ______(be) many desks and chairs. There 3. ______(be) a teacher’s desk near the blackboard. On the teacher’s desk, there 4. _______(be) some books and a ruler. There 5. ______ (be not) any pictures on the wall. But there 6. ______(be) a map of China. Yesterday, there 7. ______ (be) a new student in our class. Tomorrow, there 8. ___________(be) a class meeting. 答案与解析 考点：there be句型 考点再现：1. is 2. were 3. were 4. is 5. will be 6. isn’t 7. was 8. is 过关训练：1. is; on 2. are there 3. is going to be 4. aren’t any 5. is; singing 6. Was 7. aren’t any 8. to carry 一、1. have 2. There is 3. has 4. There are 5. have 6. There was 二、1. is 2. is 3. are 4. is 5. are 6. was 7. were 8. will be 9. is 10. are 三、1. B 【解析】本题考查“there be+名词+现在分词”结构，表示“有某人/某物正在做某事”。现在分词reading作定语，修饰a boy，表示主动、正在进行的动作。 故选B。 2. A 【解析】bread是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数。故选A。 3. A 【解析】表示某处存在某物，用there be句型；主语a dog是单数，要用There is。故选A。 4. C 【解析】have/has表示“所属关系”，主语My younger sister是第三人称单数，要用has。故选C。 5. B 【解析】milk是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，要用Is there。故选B。 注意：在北京考区，there be与have的区别用法是重要的考点。 6. C 【解析】主语They是复数，表示“拥有”用have。故选C。 7. A 【解析】询问“一周有多少天？”是询问客观存在，要用there be结构。主语days是复数，be动词用are。故答案选A。 8. C 【解析】桌子“拥有”腿，表示特征或组成部分，主语the desk是单数，要用has。故选C。 9. A 【解析】时间状语yesterday表示过去，主语a basketball match是单数，be动词用was。故选A。 10. B 【解析】回答“书包里有什么？”是描述存在，要用there be句型。并列主语为some erasers（复数）和a new pencil box（单数），根据就近一致原则，离be动词最近的主语是名词复数erasers，因此用There are。故选B。 四、1. was 2. will be 3. drawing 4. to do 5. live in 五、1. have → are 2. is → are 3. many → much 4. is → be 5. some → any 6. were → was 7. Are → Is 8. have → be 六、1. There isn’t any juice in the bottle. 2. —Were there many people in the museum yesterday? —Yes, there were. 3. There are some cats under the chair. 4. There won’t/will not be a concert next Friday. 5. How many months are there in a year? 6. Is there a boy singing in the next room? 7. There aren’t any flowers in the garden. 8. There were hospitals near here. 七、1. is 2. are 3. is 4. are 5. aren’t 6. is 7. was 8. will be/is going to be 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $