精品解析：江苏江阴市第一中学2025-2026学年度 高一第二学期3月阶段性英语练习卷

江阴市第一中学2025-2026学年度第二学期3月阶段性练习卷 高一英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What helps the man quit social media? A. Doing sports. B. Focusing on his work. C. Volunteering in the community. 2. How much will Mark's card show right after he adds 150 yuan today? A. 110 yuan. B. 150 yuan. C. 165 yuan. 3. What are the two speakers doing? A. Playing a quiz. B. Planning a trip. C. Drawing a map. 4. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Bargain with the seller. B. Look for another bag. C. Wait for the next sale. 5. What does the woman think of rereading Harry Potter in English? A. Boring. B. Practical. C. Rewarding. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the boy mainly use his phone for? A. Playing a game. B. Doing school research. C. Chatting with friends. 7. What does Tom think of his mom's rule? A. Reliable. B. Worrying. C. Reasonable. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the main challenge for the speakers now? A. Not having enough workers. B. Lacking proper food supply. C. Losing some regular customers. 9. Where will the speakers probably go first? A. To the bar. B. To the office. C. To the dining area. 10. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Couple. B. Workmates. C. Neighbours. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the woman want cherry trees? A. To make her garden more beautiful. B. To provide shade for her garden. C. To get fresh fruits for her family. 12. What does the man say a cherry tree needs? A. Enough water. B. Lots of soil. C. Plenty of sunlight. 13. What will the woman probably do next? A. Buy some cherry trees and soil. B. Plant the cherry trees. C. Pick up some tomatoes. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the man's paper mainly about? A. Effects of the weather on farming habits. B. Different types of crops harvested in China. C. The history of Norwegian agriculture. 15. What does the man think about wheat farming in North China? A. It doesn't require much teamwork. B. It encourages large-group cooperation. C. It's strongly influenced by cold winters. 16. Where is the man from? A. The north of Norway. B. The south of China. C. The north of China. 17. Why does the man ask the woman about things in Norway? A. To make his travel plan there. B. To collect information for his paper. C. To learn about weather in Norway. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What type of programme is News Spin? A. A science news programme. B. A cooking show. C. A food documentary. 19. What will Dr. Lisa Park mainly discuss? A. Three key points about the new technology. B. Ways of cooking lab-grown chicken. C. The production process of lab-grown meat. 20. What will the listeners probably do before the end of the programme? A. Purchase lab-grown meat products. B. Vote online about the taste test. C. Search for Australian restaurants online. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Women Inventors Patricia Billings Patricia Billings is a sculptor who invented Geobond, a building material that is strong and fire-proof. In the late 1970s, one of her sculptures fell and broke into pieces, so she began experimenting in her studio. Eight years later, she invented an additive that, when mixed with concrete, creates a very hard fire-proof material. Bette Nesmith Graham When Bette Nesmith worked as a secretary, she found it difficult to erase mistakes made by early electric typewriters, which slowed work. She noticed that an artist never corrected by erasing, but always painted over the error. So she put some white, water-based paint in a bottle and took her watercolor brush to the office. She used it to correct her mistakes. Graham named the product “Liquid Paper”. Sally Fox Sally Fox, a cotton grower, invented FoxFibre, which is recognized as the first species of long-fiber, naturally-colored cotton that can be made into thread on a machine. And it could considerably reduce the amount of pollution that is created through dyeing (染色) fabrics. Fox has been called a “cotton pioneer” for her efforts regarding organic, colored cotton. Margaret Eloise Knight Margaret Eloise Knight was an American inventor, notably of the flat-bottomed paper bag. While she was a worker, she developed an automated (自动化的) system to fold paper bags — a process which up to that time was done by hand. She founded her own company, creating paper bags for groceries similar in form to the ones that would be used in later generations. 1. How did Bette Nesmith Graham erase her typing errors? A. By covering them with paper. B. By applying white correction paint. C. By slowing down her typing speed. D. By brushing colorful liquid onto them. 2. What do we know about Sally Fox’s invention? A. It's cost-efficient. B. It is colored by machine. C. It's environment-friendly. D. It is grown with chemicals. 3. Who made an invention that could save much human labor? A. Patricia Billings. B. Bette Nesmith Graham. C. Sally Fox. D. Margaret Eloise Knight. B On Dec.26, Gelinne was having a cup of coffee at home, gazing out at frozen Beards River. Suddenly, his daughter cried “Look!” Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, coming down. As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront. The plane had slid to a stop on the broad, frozen river, far from shore, sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his previous training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot. Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he and his son, John, pulled two kayaks (皮划艇) out. “If it can float on the water, it can slide on the ice,” Gelinne said. The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. When Gelinne reached the plane, the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water. Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics? What if I fall over?” With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help. Soon a police officer arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the local Department of Natural Resources appeared. It picked up the pilot, Steve 71, and rushed him to safety, who would be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, exhausted, to shore. The boat had arrived just in time, Gelinne recalled. “I’m 60 years old,” he says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied. 4. What was Gelinne’s first reaction to the air crash? A. Hesitant. B. Concerned. C. Scared. D. Surprised. 5. What can be learned from paragraph 4? A. The plane had sunk to the bottom. B. The pilot was nearly frozen to death. C. The kayaks got stuck in floating ice. D. The rescue was tougher than expected. 6. Why did Gelinne need help? A. Because his son didn’t help him. B. Because the kayaks were broken. C. Because the ice wasn’t solid enough. D. Because the pilot was too exhausted. 7. Which of the following can best describe Gelinne? A. Honest and independent. B. Modest and intelligent. C. Helpful and humorous. D. Generous and cautious. C The rapid pace of global warming and its effect on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions. Some animals can move fast to adjust to a quickly changing climate. Plants, being less mobile, rely on means such as seed dispersal (传播) by animals, wind or water to move to new areas, but this redistribution typically occurs within one kilometer of the original plant. Writing in Nature, Juan P. Gonzalez-Varo sheds light on the potential capacity of migratory birds to aid seed dispersal. Gonzalez-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds. They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe. The authors hypothesized (假定) that the direction of seed migration depends on how the plants interact with migratory birds, the frequency of these interactions or the number of bird species that might transport seeds from each plant species. Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (系统进化树), might benefit from long distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (子集) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter. This means that the ability of plants to keep up with climate change could be shaped by their evolutionary history — implying that future plant communities in the Northern Hemisphere will probably come from plant species that are phylogenetically closely related and that have migrated from the south. This study provides a great example of how migratory birds might assist plant redistribution to new locations that would normally be difficult for them to reach on their own, and which might offer a suitable climate. 8. Why are the rapid pace of global warming and its effect mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To call on the public to help with seed dispersal. B. To show the threat of climate change on our nature. C. To provide the background of Gonzalez-Varo's research. D. To explain why some animals can adapt to climate change. 9. How did Gonzalez-Varo and his colleagues conduct the research? A. By analyzing related data. B. By conducting field research. C. By observing migrating birds. D. By reviewing previous findings. 10. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A. The evolutionary history of different plants proves to be similar. B. Almost all plant species gain benefits from long-distance dispersal. C. Plants with longer fruiting times adapt better when transported farther. D. Plant communities in different hemispheres will be less and less related. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. Different ways to redistribute plants to new climates. B. Impacts of climate change on migratory birds and plants. C. Plants are struggling to keep pace with the climate change. D. Migratory birds aid redistribution of plants to new climates. D The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down. Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source. According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution. Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab. The videos reveal that time and again, moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights, which appeared to greatly change their flight paths. If the light is above them, they might start orbiting it, but if it’s behind them, they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground. Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations. Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats. The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime, causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding. There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects? For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said. 12. What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Popularized widely. B. Discussed openly. C. Defined accurately. D. Explored academically. 13. Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because ______. A. they can’t keep their balance. B. they use improper flight attitude. C. they lose track of which way is up. D. they are attracted to lights from far away. 14. What is the significance of the research finding? A. It may lead to better conservation of insects. B. Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of. C. Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night. D. It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. Why insects lose their ability to fly at night. B. Why artificial light and evolution trap insects. C. How artificial light impacts insect populations. D. How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When working in the garden, a gardener has to deal with dirt, sticks, and rocks. This could cause injuries like cuts. Gardening gloves are used to protect your hands from such gardening dangers. And they can keep your hands clean. ____16____ Commonly, gardening gloves are made of cotton. Cotton is light and cheap to make and protects the hands from dirt. However, cotton gloves do not provide much protection from sharp objects. They wear out easily. ____17____ And that moisture (潮气) can make the gardener’s hands cold on a cold day. To deal with the shortcomings of cotton gloves, gardeners can turn to other kinds of gardening gloves. Gloves made of both cotton and leather can be a good choice. ____18____ As a result, they don’t have to be replaced often. Their weakness is that they still get wet and do not provide much protection from sharp objects. Gloves completely made of leather wear much better. They are usually used for heavy garden and yard work. ____19____ If gardeners want to keep moisture away from their hands, they can turn to the gloves specially designed for such a purpose. ____20____ The gloves of the right size will protect the gardener’s hands from many different kinds of dangers and allow them to catch things. Wearing gloves that are too big may prevent the gardener from holding on to tools. Gloves that are too small can cause skin injuries. A. It is advised that you clean your gloves less often. B. They wear better than cotton gardening gloves. C. But they tend to be uncomfortable in hot conditions. D. In addition, they get heavy when they are wet. E. Some gloves are designed for light garden work. F. They should fit properly whatever gardening gloves people use. G. The type of gardening gloves available depends on the type of gardening. 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I had never picked up a camera before my freshman year in 2012, when my journey to an artist began. For four years, I ____21____ G-Star School of The Arts, where my ____22____ for photography and filmmaking were awaken. Having seen my first short film, my teacher came over, saying: “You got a good ____23____. Why not consider doing this as your profession? I think you’ve got a ____24____ in it”. Then, it clicked. I, therefore, ____25____ my bank account and bought my first camera. Since then, I was amazed by the ____26____ the world has to offer. I have to ____27____, though: I, shy and chicken-hearted, tended to capture nature-related scenes, ____28____ anything to do with people. As I was ____29____ my way, I started photographing myself, the only one I felt ____30____ with. The camera soon became my strongest ____31____, serving as the tool for how I expressed myself. Gradually, I gained enough ____32____ to start taking photos of other people, greatly touched by how I was able to ____33____ the best in them through the lens (镜头). Each year, I would look back on all of the shots I did that year and would ____34____ them to the first one I ever took in my career. Although the progress seemed substantial, I realized the key to growth as an artist is to never be ____35____. This allows me to create progressively better work year after year. 21. A. designed B. attended C. assessed D. arranged 22. A. duties B. requests C. passions D. needs 23. A. heart B. hand C. eye D. nerve 24. A. future B. memory C. schedule D. certificate 25. A. opened B. closed C. monitored D. emptied 26. A. beauty B. sound C. lesson D. chance 27. A. admit B. judge C. conclude D. negotiate 28. A. envying B. avoiding C. prioritizing D. recording 29. A. winding B. losing C. shooting D. clearing 30. A. familiar B. comfortable C. generous D. patient 31. A. resolve B. voice C. shoulder D. vision 32. A. knowledge B. integrity C. confidence D. insight 33. A. bring out B. comment on C. call for D. take over 34. A. refer B. relate C. apply D. compare 35. A. self-conscious B. self-reliant C. self-centered D. self-content 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Visiting a museum or going on a study tour is a fast developing social trend. So many visitors come flooding in that many museums ____36____ (lengthen) their opening hours ever since. What's more, the visitors include not only history lovers, but also ____37____ increasing number of ordinary people. All this suggests that cultural tourism is showing a strong recovery at present. However, the ____38____ (sharp) rising number of visitors has brought new challenges to the museums, as they have to cater to the visitors' demands, and improve ____39____ (they) facilities for academic research. The experience of the Suzhou Museum in Jiangsu province may give readers an idea about something ____40____ the museums should do to deal with the situation. First, the museums should consider ____41____ (extend) their role beyond the ____42____ (tradition) field of education and research. They could, for example, conduct surveys ____43____ (determine) what sort of cultural services they should provide. Second, the ____44____ (apply) of the latest technology can promote reform(改革) in the art field. Third, museums should develop services for elderly people as elderly people account ____45____ over 20 percent of China's total population. 第三节 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 46. She needed time ________ (process) the shocking news. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. These normally harmless substances (物质) combine to form a highly ________ (poison) gas. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Ignoring climate change could have ________(disaster) consequences. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. The lack of proper maintenance led to the ________ (destroy) of the house during the earthquake. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. The residents nearby found the smell from the chemical plant ________ (bear). (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. Having been trapped for days, she lost hope of ________ (rescue) alive. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. The charity organization raised funds to help those ________ (injure) in the fire. （所给词的适当形式填空） 54. A café which ________ (locate) in a quiet place is popular with young people. （所给词的适当形式填空） 55. An interview allows the interviewer to assess the job ________ (apply) to see if he or she is suitable for the position. （所给词的适当形式填空） 第四节 根据提示完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 56. 由于无效沟通，一场激烈的争论爆发了。（break out; due to）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 57. 他一看到那张照片，一个绝妙的主意就跃入脑海。（the moment; spring to mind）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 58. 当机器突然发生故障，工程师保持了冷静，并迅速找到了问题所在。（break down; keep one's head; locate）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 59. 我突然想到，如果想进步，我必须改掉坏习惯。（occur to；get rid of）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 60. 随着压力增长，她的耐心终于耗尽。（build up; run out）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 第四部分 书面表达（满分20分） 61. 假设你是李华，是学校环保社的社长，请你根据所给提示，为学校英文报纸写一封倡议书。要点如下： 1. 简要介绍你所在的校园环保社团； 2. 指出校园塑料大量使用的情况； 3. 发出减少塑料使用的倡议。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The School Environmental Protection Club 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 江阴市第一中学2025-2026学年度第二学期3月阶段性练习卷 高一英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What helps the man quit social media? A. Doing sports. B. Focusing on his work. C. Volunteering in the community. 2. How much will Mark's card show right after he adds 150 yuan today? A. 110 yuan. B. 150 yuan. C. 165 yuan. 3. What are the two speakers doing? A. Playing a quiz. B. Planning a trip. C. Drawing a map. 4. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Bargain with the seller. B. Look for another bag. C. Wait for the next sale. 5. What does the woman think of rereading Harry Potter in English? A. Boring. B. Practical. C. Rewarding. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the boy mainly use his phone for? A. Playing a game. B. Doing school research. C. Chatting with friends. 7. What does Tom think of his mom's rule? A. Reliable. B. Worrying. C. Reasonable. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the main challenge for the speakers now? A. Not having enough workers. B. Lacking proper food supply. C. Losing some regular customers. 9. Where will the speakers probably go first? A. To the bar. B. To the office. C. To the dining area. 10. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Couple. B. Workmates. C. Neighbours. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why does the woman want cherry trees? A. To make her garden more beautiful. B. To provide shade for her garden. C. To get fresh fruits for her family. 12. What does the man say a cherry tree needs? A. Enough water. B. Lots of soil. C. Plenty of sunlight. 13. What will the woman probably do next? A. Buy some cherry trees and soil. B. Plant the cherry trees. C. Pick up some tomatoes. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the man's paper mainly about? A. Effects of the weather on farming habits. B. Different types of crops harvested in China. C. The history of Norwegian agriculture. 15. What does the man think about wheat farming in North China? A. It doesn't require much teamwork. B. It encourages large-group cooperation. C. It's strongly influenced by cold winters. 16. Where is the man from? A. The north of Norway. B. The south of China. C. The north of China. 17. Why does the man ask the woman about things in Norway? A. To make his travel plan there. B. To collect information for his paper. C. To learn about weather in Norway. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What type of programme is News Spin? A. A science news programme. B. A cooking show. C. A food documentary. 19. What will Dr. Lisa Park mainly discuss? A. Three key points about the new technology. B. Ways of cooking lab-grown chicken. C. The production process of lab-grown meat. 20. What will the listeners probably do before the end of the programme? A. Purchase lab-grown meat products. B. Vote online about the taste test. C. Search for Australian restaurants online. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Women Inventors Patricia Billings Patricia Billings is a sculptor who invented Geobond, a building material that is strong and fire-proof. In the late 1970s, one of her sculptures fell and broke into pieces, so she began experimenting in her studio. Eight years later, she invented an additive that, when mixed with concrete, creates a very hard fire-proof material. Bette Nesmith Graham When Bette Nesmith worked as a secretary, she found it difficult to erase mistakes made by early electric typewriters, which slowed work. She noticed that an artist never corrected by erasing, but always painted over the error. So she put some white, water-based paint in a bottle and took her watercolor brush to the office. She used it to correct her mistakes. Graham named the product “Liquid Paper”. Sally Fox Sally Fox, a cotton grower, invented FoxFibre, which is recognized as the first species of long-fiber, naturally-colored cotton that can be made into thread on a machine. And it could considerably reduce the amount of pollution that is created through dyeing (染色) fabrics. Fox has been called a “cotton pioneer” for her efforts regarding organic, colored cotton. Margaret Eloise Knight Margaret Eloise Knight was an American inventor, notably of the flat-bottomed paper bag. While she was a worker, she developed an automated (自动化的) system to fold paper bags — a process which up to that time was done by hand. She founded her own company, creating paper bags for groceries similar in form to the ones that would be used in later generations. 1. How did Bette Nesmith Graham erase her typing errors? A. By covering them with paper. B. By applying white correction paint. C. By slowing down her typing speed. D. By brushing colorful liquid onto them. 2. What do we know about Sally Fox’s invention? A. It's cost-efficient. B. It is colored by machine. C. It's environment-friendly. D. It is grown with chemicals. 3. Who made an invention that could save much human labor? A. Patricia Billings. B. Bette Nesmith Graham. C. Sally Fox. D. Margaret Eloise Knight. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位女性发明家及其各自的发明，包括防火建筑材料、修正液、天然彩色棉花和自动化纸袋生产系统。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When Bette Nesmith worked as a secretary, she found it difficult to erase mistakes made by early electric typewriters, which slowed work. She noticed that an artist never corrected by erasing, but always painted over the error. So she put some white, water-based paint in a bottle and took her watercolor brush to the office. She used it to correct her mistakes. Graham named the product ‘Liquid Paper’. (当贝特·内史密斯·格雷厄姆担任秘书时，她发现很难擦除在早期电动打字机上打字时产生的错误，这减慢了工作速度。她注意到，艺术家从不通过擦除来纠正错误，而是总是在错误上作画。于是，她把一些白色水性涂料放进瓶子里，带着水彩笔去了办公室。她用它来纠正自己的错误。格雷厄姆将这种产品命名为‘修正液’。)”可知，贝特·内史密斯·格雷厄姆通过涂白色修正漆来消除打字错误。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sally Fox, a cotton grower, invented FoxFibre, which is recognized as the first species of long-fiber, naturally-colored cotton that can be made into thread on a machine. And it could considerably reduce the amount of pollution that is created through dyeing (染色) fabrics. (莎莉·福克斯是一位棉花种植者，她发明了FoxFibre，这是第一种被公认的长纤维、天然彩色棉花，可以用机器纺成线。它可以大大减少通过染色织物产生的污染量。)”可知，莎莉·福克斯的发明是环保的。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“While she was a worker, she developed an automated (自动化的) system to fold paper bags — a process which up to that time was done by hand. (当她还是一名工人时，她研发了一套自动化系统来折叠纸袋——在此之前，这一工序都是手工完成的。)”可知，玛格丽特·埃洛伊丝·奈特的发明把手工操作变成自动化，节省了大量人力。故选D项。 B On Dec.26, Gelinne was having a cup of coffee at home, gazing out at frozen Beards River. Suddenly, his daughter cried “Look!” Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, coming down. As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront. The plane had slid to a stop on the broad, frozen river, far from shore, sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his previous training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot. Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he and his son, John, pulled two kayaks (皮划艇) out. “If it can float on the water, it can slide on the ice,” Gelinne said. The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. When Gelinne reached the plane, the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water. Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics? What if I fall over?” With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help. Soon a police officer arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the local Department of Natural Resources appeared. It picked up the pilot, Steve 71, and rushed him to safety, who would be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, exhausted, to shore. The boat had arrived just in time, Gelinne recalled. “I’m 60 years old,” he says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied. 4. What was Gelinne’s first reaction to the air crash? A. Hesitant. B. Concerned. C. Scared. D. Surprised. 5. What can be learned from paragraph 4? A. The plane had sunk to the bottom. B. The pilot was nearly frozen to death. C. The kayaks got stuck in floating ice. D. The rescue was tougher than expected. 6. Why did Gelinne need help? A. Because his son didn’t help him. B. Because the kayaks were broken. C. Because the ice wasn’t solid enough. D. Because the pilot was too exhausted. 7. Which of the following can best describe Gelinne? A. Honest and independent. B. Modest and intelligent. C. Helpful and humorous. D. Generous and cautious. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述一位60岁的老人Gelinne，在 12月26 日，冒着严寒，克服困难去救由于飞机失事而落入水中的飞行员Steve 的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront.(当飞机消失在树后时，曾经当过水手的杰琳意识到它将降落在河中。他毫不犹豫地跑到水边)”可知，他一看到飞机降落在河中，就毫不犹豫地跑到水边，所以推知是担心的。故选B项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. (皮划艇的桨太弱了，所以两人试着用棍子推动小船。他们的第一次尝试让他们在原地打转。但是经过努力，他们取得了进步。)”可知，救助过程非常比预想的要困难。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help.(儿子就在旁边，Gelinne专注于让飞行员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像拥抱你的妻子一样，紧紧抓住皮艇。”领航员抓住皮艇的船头。Gelinne知道他必须把飞行员弄到没有破冰的架子上。但每次杰琳尝试，皮划艇都破冰而出。他需要帮助)”可知，因为冰不够坚固，导致皮划艇都破冰而出。他需要帮助。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。推理判断题。根据第二段“As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront.(当飞机消失在树后时，曾经当过水手的杰琳意识到它将降落在河中。他毫不犹豫地跑到水边)”可知，他一看到飞机降落在河中，就毫不犹豫地跑到水边去救人，所以他是热于助人的，以及第五段“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.”(儿子就在旁边，Gelinne专注于让飞行员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像拥抱你的妻子一样，紧紧抓住皮艇。”)”可推知Gelinne 是个幽默的人，所以Gelinne是乐于助人又幽默的。故选C项。 C The rapid pace of global warming and its effect on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions. Some animals can move fast to adjust to a quickly changing climate. Plants, being less mobile, rely on means such as seed dispersal (传播) by animals, wind or water to move to new areas, but this redistribution typically occurs within one kilometer of the original plant. Writing in Nature, Juan P. Gonzalez-Varo sheds light on the potential capacity of migratory birds to aid seed dispersal. Gonzalez-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds. They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe. The authors hypothesized (假定) that the direction of seed migration depends on how the plants interact with migratory birds, the frequency of these interactions or the number of bird species that might transport seeds from each plant species. Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (系统进化树), might benefit from long distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (子集) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter. This means that the ability of plants to keep up with climate change could be shaped by their evolutionary history — implying that future plant communities in the Northern Hemisphere will probably come from plant species that are phylogenetically closely related and that have migrated from the south. This study provides a great example of how migratory birds might assist plant redistribution to new locations that would normally be difficult for them to reach on their own, and which might offer a suitable climate. 8. Why are the rapid pace of global warming and its effect mentioned in Paragraph 1? A. To call on the public to help with seed dispersal. B. To show the threat of climate change on our nature. C. To provide the background of Gonzalez-Varo's research. D. To explain why some animals can adapt to climate change. 9. How did Gonzalez-Varo and his colleagues conduct the research? A. By analyzing related data. B. By conducting field research. C. By observing migrating birds. D. By reviewing previous findings. 10. What can be inferred from Paragraph 4? A. The evolutionary history of different plants proves to be similar. B. Almost all plant species gain benefits from long-distance dispersal. C. Plants with longer fruiting times adapt better when transported farther. D. Plant communities in different hemispheres will be less and less related. 11. What is the passage mainly about? A. Different ways to redistribute plants to new climates. B. Impacts of climate change on migratory birds and plants. C. Plants are struggling to keep pace with the climate change. D. Migratory birds aid redistribution of plants to new climates. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇科普说明文，文章主要介绍植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The rapid pace of global warming and its effect on habitats raise the question of whether species are able to keep up so that they remain in suitable living conditions.(全球变暖的速度之快及其对栖息地的影响，引发了物种能否跟上这种变化以保持在适宜生存环境中的疑问。)”结合下文介绍González-Varo关于“植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化”可知，提到全球变暖是为了提供该研究的背景。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“They analyzed an impressive data set of 949 different seed-dispersal interactions between bird and plant communities, together with data on entire fruiting times and migratory patterns of birds across Europe.(他们分析了一组令人印象深刻的包含949种不同鸟类与植物群落间种子传播互动的数据集，同时还结合了整个欧洲范围内鸟类的整个结果期和迁徙模式的数据。)”可知，Gonzalez Varo和他的同事通过分析相关数据进行研究。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Perhaps the most striking feature of these inferred seed movements is the observation that 35 percent of plant species across European communities, which are closely related on the phylogenetic tree (系统进化树), might benefit from long distance dispersal by the northward journey of migratory birds. This particular subset (子集) of plants tends to fruit over a long period of time, or has fruits that persist over the winter. (这些推断出的种子移动行为中最引人注目的特征在于：在欧洲各地区中，有35%的植物物种（它们在进化树上关系密切）可能得益于候鸟向北迁徙所带来的长距离传播。这一特定的植物子集往往会在较长时间内结出果实，或者其果实能够在冬季持续存在。)”可知，果实成熟期较长的植物在长途运输时适应能力更强。故选C。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“González-Varo and colleagues report how plants might be able to keep pace with rapid climate change through the help of migrating birds.(González-Varo和同事们报道了植物是如何在候鸟的帮助下跟上快速气候变化的步伐的。)”可知，文章主要讲述植物如何通过迁徙鸟类的帮助来跟上快速的气候变化。因此D选项“候鸟有助于植物向新气候的重新分布。”能概括文章大意。故选D。 D The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down. Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source. According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution. Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab. The videos reveal that time and again, moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights, which appeared to greatly change their flight paths. If the light is above them, they might start orbiting it, but if it’s behind them, they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground. Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations. Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats. The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime, causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding. There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects? For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said. 12. What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Popularized widely. B. Discussed openly. C. Defined accurately. D. Explored academically. 13. Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because ______. A. they can’t keep their balance. B. they use improper flight attitude. C. they lose track of which way is up. D. they are attracted to lights from far away. 14. What is the significance of the research finding? A. It may lead to better conservation of insects. B. Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of. C. Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night. D. It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. Why insects lose their ability to fly at night. B. Why artificial light and evolution trap insects. C. How artificial light impacts insect populations. D. How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究，研究发现昆虫被进化困住，无休止地围绕人工照明转，这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向，更好地保护昆虫。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语下文“Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer(流行的理论认为，飞蛾和其他昆虫是靠月亮导航的，它们把灯误认为是月光，或者是昆虫为了躲避即将到来的危险而飞向光明。现在研究人员相信他们有了一个更有说服力的答案)”可知，对于昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围这一问题没有标准答案，故可推知划线短语所在句意为“昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围，这一科学问题从未得到明确解释”，推测划线短语nailed down意为“明确解释”，与Defined accurately意义相近。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution.(该研究的合著者、伦敦帝国理工学院的昆虫学家萨姆·法比安博士说，飞蛾和许多其他在夜间飞行的昆虫进化成向最亮的地方倾斜背部。数百万年来，这是天空，而不是地上。这个把戏告诉昆虫哪条路是向上的，并确保它们飞得水平。但后来出现了人工照明。飞蛾发现自己把背靠在路灯上。这导致它们无休止地绕着灯转，这些昆虫被它们的进化困住了)”可知，法比安的研究发现，飞蛾在灯周围无休止地盘旋，因为它们不知道哪条路是向上的。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. ‘What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects? For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,’ Fabian said.(Fabian相信，这项研究有一些有益的教训。‘这告诉我们，人造光的方向很重要。我们能不能改变照明环境，让昆虫不被困住？因为我们正面临着全球昆虫数量的大幅下降，而夜间的人造光是可能导致这种下降的因素之一，’ Fabian说)”可推知，这项研究结果的意义是告诉我们可以改变人造光的方向，使昆虫不被困住，从而更好地保护昆虫。故选A。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.(现在研究人员相信他们有了一个更有说服力的答案：与目前的理论相反，昆虫不会被远处的光吸引，但如果它们飞得离人造光源很近，就会被困住)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究，研究发现昆虫被进化困住，无休止地围绕人工照明转，这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向，更好地保护昆虫，所以B项“为什么人造光和进化会困住昆虫？”符合题意。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When working in the garden, a gardener has to deal with dirt, sticks, and rocks. This could cause injuries like cuts. Gardening gloves are used to protect your hands from such gardening dangers. And they can keep your hands clean. ____16____ Commonly, gardening gloves are made of cotton. Cotton is light and cheap to make and protects the hands from dirt. However, cotton gloves do not provide much protection from sharp objects. They wear out easily. ____17____ And that moisture (潮气) can make the gardener’s hands cold on a cold day. To deal with the shortcomings of cotton gloves, gardeners can turn to other kinds of gardening gloves. Gloves made of both cotton and leather can be a good choice. ____18____ As a result, they don’t have to be replaced often. Their weakness is that they still get wet and do not provide much protection from sharp objects. Gloves completely made of leather wear much better. They are usually used for heavy garden and yard work. ____19____ If gardeners want to keep moisture away from their hands, they can turn to the gloves specially designed for such a purpose. ____20____ The gloves of the right size will protect the gardener’s hands from many different kinds of dangers and allow them to catch things. Wearing gloves that are too big may prevent the gardener from holding on to tools. Gloves that are too small can cause skin injuries. A. It is advised that you clean your gloves less often. B. They wear better than cotton gardening gloves. C. But they tend to be uncomfortable in hot conditions. D. In addition, they get heavy when they are wet. E. Some gloves are designed for light garden work. F. They should fit properly whatever gardening gloves people use. G. The type of gardening gloves available depends on the type of gardening. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是不同园艺手套的性能以及如何选择适当的手套类型。 【16题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为引出下文，根据空前的“Gardening gloves are used to protect your hands from such gardening dangers. And they can keep your hands clean.(园艺手套是用来保护你的手免受园艺危险的。它们可以让你的手保持干净。)”可知，此处是对该类型园艺手套的一个总体概括，G选项“The type of gardening gloves available depends on the type of gardening.(园艺手套的类型取决于园艺的类型。)”中的the type of gardening gloves与空前所提内容一致，且概括了该类型手套的使用情况。故选G项。 【17题详解】 根据空前的“They wear out easily.(它们很容易磨损。)”和空后的“And that moisture (潮气) can make the gardener’s hands cold on a cold day.(在寒冷的天气里，这种湿气会使园丁的手发冷。)”可知，此处应为棉手套的缺点，D选项“In addition, they get heavy when they are wet.(此外，它们湿的时候会变重。)”中的in addition为关键信息，与空前后均是介绍棉手套的缺点。故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据空前的“Gloves made of both cotton and leather can be a good choice.(棉制和皮革制的手套都是不错的选择。)”可知，由棉花和皮革做成的手套是个好的选择，由此可知，此空处应为这种手套的好处，且根据空后的“As a result, they don’t have to be replaced often.(因此，它们不需要经常更换。)”可知，此空与空后的内容为因果关系，B选项“They wear better than cotton gardening gloves.(他们比棉质园艺手套好戴。)”讲述了该种类型手套的好处，内容符合，且与空后的内容为因果关系，逻辑合理。故选B项。 【19题详解】 分析语篇可知，在第二、三、四段均是介绍了手套的优点后介绍其缺点，由此可知，此空处应为完全由皮革做成的手套的缺点，根据空前的“They are usually used for heavy garden and yard work.(它们通常用于繁重的花园和庭院工作)”可知，这种完全由皮革做成的手套经常用于繁重的园艺工作，C选项“But they tend to be uncomfortable in hot conditions.(但它们在炎热的条件下往往不舒服。)”讲述了这种手套的缺点，其中的but为解题的关键信息，与空前内容为转折关系，符合逻辑。故选C项。 【20题详解】 分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“The gloves of the right size will protect the gardener’s hands from many different kinds of dangers and allow them to catch things.(尺寸合适的手套可以保护园丁的手免受各种各样的危险，并使他们能够抓住东西。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与手套的尺寸大小有关，F选项“They should fit properly whatever gardening gloves people use.(它们应该适合人们使用的任何园艺手套。)”可知，无论使用哪种手套，都应该大小合适，与空后内容吻合。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I had never picked up a camera before my freshman year in 2012, when my journey to an artist began. For four years, I ____21____ G-Star School of The Arts, where my ____22____ for photography and filmmaking were awaken. Having seen my first short film, my teacher came over, saying: “You got a good ____23____. Why not consider doing this as your profession? I think you’ve got a ____24____ in it”. Then, it clicked. I, therefore, ____25____ my bank account and bought my first camera. Since then, I was amazed by the ____26____ the world has to offer. I have to ____27____, though: I, shy and chicken-hearted, tended to capture nature-related scenes, ____28____ anything to do with people. As I was ____29____ my way, I started photographing myself, the only one I felt ____30____ with. The camera soon became my strongest ____31____, serving as the tool for how I expressed myself. Gradually, I gained enough ____32____ to start taking photos of other people, greatly touched by how I was able to ____33____ the best in them through the lens (镜头). Each year, I would look back on all of the shots I did that year and would ____34____ them to the first one I ever took in my career. Although the progress seemed substantial, I realized the key to growth as an artist is to never be ____35____. This allows me to create progressively better work year after year. 21. A. designed B. attended C. assessed D. arranged 22. A. duties B. requests C. passions D. needs 23. A. heart B. hand C. eye D. nerve 24. A. future B. memory C. schedule D. certificate 25. A. opened B. closed C. monitored D. emptied 26. A. beauty B. sound C. lesson D. chance 27. A. admit B. judge C. conclude D. negotiate 28. A. envying B. avoiding C. prioritizing D. recording 29. A. winding B. losing C. shooting D. clearing 30. A. familiar B. comfortable C. generous D. patient 31. A. resolve B. voice C. shoulder D. vision 32. A. knowledge B. integrity C. confidence D. insight 33. A. bring out B. comment on C. call for D. take over 34. A. refer B. relate C. apply D. compare 35. A. self-conscious B. self-reliant C. self-centered D. self-content 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者从2012年起在高中阶段发现并培养自己对摄影和电影制作热情的个人经历。文章以第一人称叙述，记录了作者从最初接触相机、受到老师鼓励、决定投身这一领域，到逐渐克服害羞、建立自信，并在艺术道路上不断进步的心路历程。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在G-Star艺术学院学习了四年，在那里我对摄影和电影制作的热情被唤醒。A. designed 设计；B. attended 参加，出席；C. assessed 评估；D. arranged 安排。根据下文“G-Star School of The Arts”可知，此处指作者开始就读于一所艺术学校，attended符合教育背景的描述。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在G-Star艺术学院学习了四年，在那里我对摄影和电影制作的热情被唤醒。A. duties 职责；B. requests 请求；C. passions 热情；D. needs 需求。结合下文“for photography and filmmaking were awaken”可知，作者的艺术追求和热爱在此被激发。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的眼光不错。A. heart 心脏；B. hand 手；C. eye 眼睛；D. nerve 神经。根据上文“Having seen my first short film, my teacher came over, saying: “You got a good”和下文“Why not consider doing this as your profession”可知，老师建议作者把这当成职业，说明老师对作者的作品评价很高，got a good eye表示“有很好的审美眼光或观察力”。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为你在这方面有前途。A. future 未来，前途；B. memory 记忆；C. schedule 时间表；D. certificate 证书。根据上文“Why not consider doing this as your profession”可知，老师鼓励作者考虑将此作为职业，表明老师认为作者在这方面有前途。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我清空了我的银行账户，买了我的第一台相机。A. opened 打开；B. closed 关闭；C. monitored 监控；D. emptied 清空。根据下文“my bank account and bought my first camera”可知，此处表示作者为了购买相机而花掉了自己的积蓄，清空了银行账户。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我惊叹于世界所展现的美。A. beauty 美丽；B. sound 声音；C. lesson 课程；D. chance 机会。根据下文“the world has to offer”可知，作者开始摄影，应是对自然或生活中的美景感到惊叹。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我必须承认：我，害羞又胆小，倾向于捕捉与自然有关的场景，避免与人有关的任何东西。A. admit 承认；B. judge 判断；C. conclude 结论；D. negotiate 协商。根据下文“I, shy and chicken-hearted, tended to capture nature-related scenes, 8 anything to do with people.”可知，此处是作者对自己的性格和拍摄喜好的坦诚陈述，是作者承认的事实。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我必须承认：我，害羞又胆小，倾向于捕捉与自然有关的场景，避免与人有关的任何东西。A. envying 羡慕；B. avoiding 避免；C. prioritizing 优先处理；D. recording 记录。根据上文“tended to capture nature-related scenes”和下文“anything to do with people”可知，由于作者害羞胆小，所以会避开拍摄人物，选择自然景观。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我拍摄的过程中，我开始给自己拍照，这是我唯一感到自在的拍摄对象。A. winding 蜿蜒；B. losing 失去；C. shooting 拍摄；D. clearing 清理。根据下文“I started photographing myself”可知，此处指作者进行摄影活动，在作者拍摄的过程中，开始给自己拍照。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我拍摄的过程中，我开始给自己拍照，这是我唯一感到自在的拍摄对象。A. familiar 熟悉的；B. comfortable 舒适的，自在的；C. generous 慷慨的；D. patient 耐心的。根据上文“I started photographing myself”可知，由于是自我拍摄，所以作者感到最舒适、自在。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相机很快成为我最强有力的声音，成为我表达自我的工具。A. resolve 决心；B. voice 声音；C. shoulder 肩膀；D. vision 视野。根据上文“The camera soon became my strongest”和下文“serving as the tool for how I expressed myself”可知，这里是比喻说法，指相机成为作者表达自我情感和观点的媒介，成为自己最强有力的声音。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我获得了足够的自信，开始为别人拍照，我很感动于我是如何通过镜头展现出他们最好的一面的。A. knowledge 知识；B. integrity 正直；C. confidence 信心；D. insight 洞察力。根据上文“tended to capture nature-related scenes, 8 anything to do with people.”和下文“to start taking photos of other people”可知，从拍摄自己到拍摄他人，需要克服心理障碍，积累的是信心。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：渐渐地，我获得了足够的自信，开始为别人拍照，我很感动于我是如何通过镜头展现出他们最好的一面的。A. bring out 展现，使显出；B. comment on 评论；C. call for 要求；D. take over 接管。根据下文“the best in them through the lens”可知，此处指作者通过摄影技巧捕捉并展现被摄者的美好特质。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每年，我都会回顾那一年我拍的所有照片，并将它们与我职业生涯中拍摄的第一张照片进行比较。A. refer 提及；B. relate 联系；C. apply 应用；D. compare 比较。根据下文“them to the first one I ever took in my career”可知，此处描述作者自我反思和成长的过程，通过比较不同阶段的作品来衡量进步。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然进步似乎是实质性的，但我意识到，作为一名艺术家，成长的关键是永远不要自满。A. self-conscious 自觉的；B. self-reliant 自立的；C. self-centered 自私的；D. self-content 自满的。根据下文“This allows me to create progressively better work year after year.”可知，此处强调持续进步的态度，不应满足于现状，成长的关键是永远不要自满。故选D。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Visiting a museum or going on a study tour is a fast developing social trend. So many visitors come flooding in that many museums ____36____ (lengthen) their opening hours ever since. What's more, the visitors include not only history lovers, but also ____37____ increasing number of ordinary people. All this suggests that cultural tourism is showing a strong recovery at present. However, the ____38____ (sharp) rising number of visitors has brought new challenges to the museums, as they have to cater to the visitors' demands, and improve ____39____ (they) facilities for academic research. The experience of the Suzhou Museum in Jiangsu province may give readers an idea about something ____40____ the museums should do to deal with the situation. First, the museums should consider ____41____ (extend) their role beyond the ____42____ (tradition) field of education and research. They could, for example, conduct surveys ____43____ (determine) what sort of cultural services they should provide. Second, the ____44____ (apply) of the latest technology can promote reform(改革) in the art field. Third, museums should develop services for elderly people as elderly people account ____45____ over 20 percent of China's total population. 【答案】36. have lengthened； 37. an； 38. sharply； 39. their； 40. that； 41. extending； 42. traditional； 43. to determine； 44. application； 45. for 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了当下参观博物馆、研学旅行成为快速发展的社会潮流，文化旅游业强劲复苏，同时游客数量激增也给博物馆带来新挑战，并以苏州博物馆为例，介绍了博物馆应对该局面可采取的措施。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：游客蜂拥而至，以至于从那以后许多博物馆都延长了开放时间。本句表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词应用现在完成时，主语many museums为复数，故填have lengthened。 【37题详解】 考查固定短语、冠词。句意：此外，游客中不仅有历史爱好者，还有越来越多的普通民众。a number of 为固定短语，意为“许多”，increasing 发音以元音音素开头，故填an。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，游客数量的急剧增长给博物馆带来了新的挑战。此处应用副词修饰现在分词rising，sharp的副词形式为sharply，故填sharply。 【39题详解】 考查代词。句意：因为它们必须迎合游客的需求，并改善自身用于学术研究的设施。此处修饰名词facilities，应用形容词性物主代词，指代museums，故填their。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：江苏省苏州博物馆的经历或许能让读者了解博物馆应对这种情况应该做些什么。先行词为不定代词something，关系代词在定语从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句，故填that。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，博物馆应考虑将自身角色延伸到传统的教育和研究领域之外。空处作consider的宾语，使用动名词，故填extending。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。此处修饰名词field，应用形容词作定语，tradition的形容词形式为traditional，故填traditional。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，它们可以开展调查，以确定应该提供何种文化服务。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to determine。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：其次，最新技术的应用可以推动艺术领域的改革。空白处在句子中作主语，使用名词，apply的名词形式为application，故填application。 【45题详解】 考查固定短语、介词。句意：第三，博物馆应为老年人开发服务，因为老年人占中国总人口的 20% 以上。account for为固定短语，意为“（数量、比例上）占”，故填for。 第三节 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 46. She needed time ________ (process) the shocking news. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to process 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她需要时间来消化这个令人震惊的消息。need time to do sth.是固定用法，此处用不定式to process作后置定语，修饰time。故填to process。 47. These normally harmless substances (物质) combine to form a highly ________ (poison) gas. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】poisonous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些通常无害的物质混合在一起，形成一种剧毒气体。分析可知，这里用形容词作定语，修饰名词“gas”。“poison”，名词，意为“毒药”，其形容词形式为“poisonous(有毒的)”。故填poisonous。 48. Ignoring climate change could have ________(disaster) consequences. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disastrous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：忽视气候变化可能会带来灾难性的后果。此处修饰名词consequences应用形容词disastrous表示“灾难性的”作定语。故填disastrous。 49. Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】curiosity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位艺术家充满了好奇心，收拾行囊离开了。作宾语，应用名词curiosity，表抽象概念，不可数。故填curiosity。 50. The lack of proper maintenance led to the ________ (destroy) of the house during the earthquake. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】destruction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：缺乏妥善维护导致这栋房子在地震中遭到了毁坏。根据空前“the”可知，此处需填名词，在句中作宾语；括号词destroy是动词，其名词形式为destruction，表示“毁灭，破坏”，为不可数名词。故填destruction。 51. The residents nearby found the smell from the chemical plant ________ (bear). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unbearable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：附近的居民发现这家化工厂散发的气味令人难以忍受。分析可知，句中是“find +宾语+宾补”结构，表示“发现某物……”，所填应是形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明“the smell from the plant”的性质特点；同时结合句意，应是“气味难以忍受”。“bear”，动词，意为“容忍，忍受”，其形容词形式“unbearable”意为“难以忍受的”，符合语境。故填unbearable。 52. Having been trapped for days, she lost hope of ________ (rescue) alive. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being rescued 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被困数天后，她失去了被活着救出的希望。“of”是介词，其后应接动名词形式作宾语；rescue意为“营救”，与其逻辑主语“she”之间是被动关系，表示“她被营救”，所以应用动名词的被动形式。故填being rescued。 53. The charity organization raised funds to help those ________ (injure) in the fire. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】injured 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个慈善组织筹集资金来帮助那些在火灾中受伤的人。空处为定语，修饰代词those，those与injure之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语，修饰those，表示“在火灾中受伤的人”，所以injure变为injured。故填injured。 54. A café which ________ (locate) in a quiet place is popular with young people. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】is located 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：一家位于安静之地的咖啡馆很受年轻人欢迎。动词locate意为“使位于”，和主语构成被动关系，根据“is popular with young people”可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，在定语从句中关系代词which代指先行词a café，be动词用is。故填is located。 55. An interview allows the interviewer to assess the job ________ (apply) to see if he or she is suitable for the position. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】applicant 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：面试可以让面试官评估求职者，看他或她是否适合这个职位。根据“to see if he or she is suitable for the position”可知，此处是指评估求职者，所以应用名词applicant表示“申请者”作宾语，且应用单数形式。故填applicant。 第四节 根据提示完成句子（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 56. 由于无效沟通，一场激烈的争论爆发了。（break out; due to）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】A fierce debate broke out due to ineffective communication. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句子陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；“一场激烈的争论”可翻译为a fierce debate，作主语；“爆发”可翻译为break out，作谓语，break使用过去式broke；“由于”可翻译为due to；“无效沟通”可翻译为ineffective communication，作due to的宾语，介词短语作原因状语。故翻译为A fierce debate broke out due to ineffective communication. 57. 他一看到那张照片，一个绝妙的主意就跃入脑海。（the moment; spring to mind）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】The moment he saw the photo, a brilliant idea sprang to his mind. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句和固定短语。根据句意，该句描述过去发生的动作，全句使用一般过去时；表示“一……就……”可用the moment引导时间状语从句，位于句首单词首字母需大写；表示“他”为从句主语he；表示“看到”为saw，动词用过去式；表示“那张照片”为the photo作从句宾语，所以从句译为he saw the photo；表示“一个绝妙的主意”为主语a brilliant idea；表示“跃入脑海”为固定短语spring to his mind，谓语动词使用过去式sprang；表示“他的”为his修饰名词mind。故翻译为The moment he saw the photo, a brilliant idea sprang to his mind. 58. 当机器突然发生故障，工程师保持了冷静，并迅速找到了问题所在。（break down; keep one's head; locate）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】When the machine broke down suddenly, the engineer kept his head and located the problem quickly. 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句以及时态。表示“当……时”用when，引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。表示“机器”用the machine，作从句主语。表示“发生故障”用break down，结合语境可知，句子陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时，故break变为过去式broke，suddenly“突然”作状语修饰broke down。表示“工程师”用the engineer，作主句主语。表示“保持冷静”用keep one’s head，主语为单数男性，故one’s 变为his，时态为一般过去时，keep变为过去式kept。表示“并”用and，连接并列谓语。表示“找到”用locate，时态为一般过去时，locate变为过去式located，quickly“迅速地”作状语修饰located。表示“问题所在”用the problem，作located的宾语。故翻译为When the machine broke down suddenly, the engineer kept his head and located the problem quickly. 59. 我突然想到，如果想进步，我必须改掉坏习惯。（occur to；get rid of）(汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】It suddenly occurred to me that I must get rid of bad habits if I wanted to make progress. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型、动词短语和时态。句子陈述过去的事实，用一般过去时；“某人突然想到……”用固定句型 It occurs to sb. that...，该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，谓语动词occur用过去式occurred；“突然”作时间状语，用副词suddenly；在that引导的主语从句中，“如果我想进步”为条件状语从句，用if I wanted to make progress，“必须改正”作从句中谓语，用情态动词must，后接动词短语原形get rid of，“坏习惯”作从句中宾语，用名词短语bad habits。故翻译为It suddenly occurred to me that I must get rid of bad habits if I wanted to make progress. 60. 随着压力增长，她的耐心终于耗尽。（build up; run out）（汉译英） ___________________________________________________ 【答案】As pressure built up, her patience finally ran out. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句以及时态。根据语境可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以用一般过去时态；“随着压力增长”可使用as引导时间状语从句，“压力”可用名词pressure，为从句的主语，“增长”可使用build up，build的过去式为built；“她的耐心”可用her patience，为主句的主语，“终于”可用副词finally作状语，“耗尽”可用动词短语run out，为主句的谓语，run的过去式为ran。故填As pressure built up, her patience finally ran out. 第四部分 书面表达（满分20分） 61. 假设你是李华，是学校环保社的社长，请你根据所给提示，为学校英文报纸写一封倡议书。要点如下： 1. 简要介绍你所在的校园环保社团； 2. 指出校园塑料大量使用的情况； 3. 发出减少塑料使用的倡议。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear fellow students, I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The School Environmental Protection Club 【答案】Dear fellow students, I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club. Our club is dedicated to promoting sustainable practices and raising the awareness of environmental protection. The use of plastics on our campus has reached alarming levels, leading to significant environmental consequences. Single-use plastic items, such as water bottles, food containers, and plastic bags, are widely used and thrown away, contributing to pollution and waste. To address this issue, I would like to propose two concrete measures. First, we suggest using a waste sorting system, which will encourage students to separate plastic waste from other trash. In addition, it’s recommended that reusable and eco-friendly shopping bags should be provided in school stores and canteens, thereby reducing the demand for plastic bags. In the light of the above, we kindly request your support and attention to this matter. Let’s work together to create a more sustainable and plastic-free campus. The School Environmental Protection Club 【解析】 【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作。要求考生根据所给提示，为学校英文报纸写一封倡议书。要点如下：1. 简要介绍你所在的校园环保社团；2.指出校园塑料大量使用的情况；3. 发出减少塑料使用的倡议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 致力于：be dedicated to→be devoted to 保护：protection→preservation 此外：in addition→besides/additionally/furthermore/moreover 提供：provide→supply 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club. Our club is dedicated to promoting sustainable practices and raising the awareness of environmental protection. 拓展句：I am head of the School Environmental Protection Club, which is dedicated to promoting sustainable practices and raising the awareness of environmental protection. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First, we suggest using a waste sorting system, which will encourage students to separate plastic waste from other trash. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】In addition, it’s recommended that reusable and eco-friendly shopping bags should be provided in school stores and canteens, thereby reducing the demand for plastic bags. (运用了that引导的主语从句和现在分词作结果状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $