Unit 1 Grammar被动语态课件 2025-2026学年外研版英语八年级下册

外研版 Unit1 Grammar Passive Voice 被 动 语 态 BY Cindy Lead-in BY cindy 英语中只有两种语态，即: ________ 和 ________ 。 主动语态 被动语态 语态 主动语态 被动语态 A monster caught our master. Our master was caught by a monster. 动作执行者 动作承受者 动作承受者 动作执行者 动作 动作 妖怪把我们的师傅抓走了。 我们的师傅被妖怪抓走了。 侧重动作的发出者 侧重动作的承受者 被动语态的核心构成 BY cindy 步骤口诀： 一找：找主语和宾语 二换：交换主语和宾语的位置 三变：将动词变成be done形式 四加：在原主语前加by（代词要变宾格） 如何将主动句改为被动句 A monster caught our master. Our master was caught a monster. 主动语态 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 by 主语 + 谓语动词被动语态(be+动词过去分词) + (by+动作执行者) 主语 + 谓语动词主动语态(一般现在时) + 宾语 BY cindy 什么情况下需要使用被动语态 Our master was caught by a monster. 我们的师傅被妖怪抓走了。 1.需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。 八戒的心被漂亮的妖怪”偷走”了。 Bajie's heart was "stolen" by a beautiful monster. BY cindy 什么情况下需要使用被动语态 2.不知道动作的执行者是谁。 Everybody, everybody wants __________. Everybody, everybody wants __________. 人们都想要爱。 to love to be loved 人们都想要被爱。 主动语态 被动语态 BY cindy 助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词 be + done 被动语态结构 1.Our master was caught by a monster. 3. Everybody, everybody wants to be loved. 2.Bajie's heart was "stolen" by a beautiful monster. BY cindy 规则动词的过去分词形式与其过去式完全相同，都是在动词原形后加 -ed，具体规则如下： 动词的过去分词 规则变化 动词分类 变化规则 e.g. 一般动词 -ed listened 以不发音的“e、ue”结尾 -d invited 以“辅音+y”结尾 变y为ied carryied 以“重读闭音节”结尾 双写末尾辅音-ed dropped BY cindy 不规则动词的过去分词没有统一规则，但可以根据其变化模式分为以下几类，方便记忆： 动词的过去分词 常见不规则变化 原型 过去式 过去分词 原型 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost bring brought brought build built built catch caught caught smell smelt smelt say said said meet met met find found found begin began begun leave left left blow blew blown break broken broken forget forgot forgotten take took taken 不规则变化表要牢记哦！ BY cindy work visit play use like study live cry shop plan stop try -ed -d y-ied 双写-ed BY Cindy (a) All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory. (b) I’m reminded of some other friends I met through the glass. 5 Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. Now find more sentences with these structures. 一般将来时的被动语态 一般现在时的被动语态: am/is/are+done Presentation 一般现在时结构： 一般将来时结构： do/does will/shall/be going to/be to+ do will/shall/be going to/be to+ be + done BY cindy Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. 1.The past 30 years were filled with both challenges and joys. （过去的30年充满了挑战与欢乐。） 结构：were (be动词) + filled (过去分词) Para 1： 2. It was carefully cut into small pieces. （它（西瓜）被小心地切成了小块。） 结构：was (be动词) + cut (过去分词) Para 2： 一般过去时的被动语态: was/were+done BY cindy 3. Window cleaning is not always considered a good job, ... 擦窗户这项工作并不总被（人们）认为 是一份好工作。 结构：is (be动词) + considered (过去分词) Para 5： 一般现在时的被动语态: am/is/are+done Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. BY cindy 4. All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory. 我在空中度过的所有日子都将被保存在我的记忆里。 结构：will + be (be动词) kept (过去分词) Para 1： 一般将来时的被动语态: will + be done Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. BY cindy 1. 肯定句: 主语 + am/is/are + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者). 2. 否定句: 主语 + am/is/are + not + 动词过去分词(+ by + 动作执行者). ② The street ___________ (clean) by the cleaner every morning. ① The little boy is called Alfie. is cleaned ③ The street ___________ (clean) by the cleaner every morning. isn’t cleaned 一般现在时被动语态结构 BY cindy 3. 一般疑问句: Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? 4. 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + am/is/are (+主语) + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? _____ the street ________ (clean) by the cleaner every morning ? Is cleaned 一般现在时被动语态结构 How ____ the street ________ (clean) every morning ? is cleaned BY cindy 1. 肯定句: 主语 + will/be(am/is/are) going to + be + 动 词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者). 2. 否定句: 主语 + will not/be(am/is/are) not going to + be + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者). 一般将来时被动语态结构 Eg: Some pine trees________________________________ (plant) in the park tomorrow. Eg. I shall be given a chance to play in this game again will be/are going to be planted Eg: Some pine trees___________________________________ (plant) in the park tomorrow. will not be/aren’t going to be planted BY cindy 3. 一般疑问句: Will + 主语 + be + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? Be(Am/Is/Are) + 主语 + going to + be + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? 一般将来时被动语态结构 ________some pine trees__________ (plant) in the park tomorrow? ______some pine trees__________________ (plant) in the park tomorrow? Will be planted going to be planted Are BY cindy 4. 特殊疑问句: 疑问词 + will (+ 主语) + be + 动词过去分词 (+by + 动作执行者)? 疑问词 + be(am/is/are) (+ 主语) +going to + be + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? 一般将来时被动语态结构 Where ______ some pine trees____________ (plant) in the park tomorrow? will be planted Where ______ some pine trees_________________ (plant) in the park tomorrow? are going to be planted BY cindy 主动 被动 一般现在时 do/does am/is /are + done 否定 主+don’t/doesn’t +动原+宾语 主+ am/is/are + not + 动词过去分词(+ by + 动作执行者). 一般疑问句 Do/does+主语+动原+宾语？ Am/Is/Are + 主 + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? 特殊疑问句 疑问词+do/does+主+动原+宾？ 疑问词 + am/is/are (+主) + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? BY cindy 主动 被动 一般将来时 will/shall/be going to/be to+ do will/shall/be going to/be to+ be + done 否定 主+will not(won’t)/am is are going to +动原+其他. 主语 + will not/be(am/is/are) not going to+be + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者). 一般疑问句 ①Will+主+动原+其他？ ②Am/is/are+主+动原+其他？ ①Will + 主语 + be + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? ②Be(Am/Is/Are) + 主语 + going to + be + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? 特殊疑问句 ① 疑问词+will+主+动原+其他？ ②疑问词+Am/is/are+主+动原+其他？ ①疑问词 + will (+ 主语) + be + 动词过去分词 (+by + 动作执行者)? ②疑问词 + be(am/is/are) (+ 主语) +going to + be + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 动作执行者)? BY cindy 单项选择。 1. (2024 广东) —Our classroom ________ every day. It’s always very clean.—Yes, we all know it’s important to keep it clean. A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned 2. [2024年广东中考] Now at the age of fifteen, he ______ £15 every week by his parents for his pocket money. A. gives B. is given C. is giving D. will be given BY cindy 单项选择。 3. (2023 山东济南) English ________ in many countries, so it’s useful to learn it well. A. speaks B. is spoken C. spoke D. will be spoken 4. (2023 四川成都) —________ the school sports meeting ________ next Friday? —Yes. We are busy preparing for it now. A. Will; hold B. Is; held C. Will; be held D. Does; hold BY cindy 单项选择。 5. (2024 浙江杭州) The windows of the classroom ________ every morning by the students on duty. A. are cleaned B. clean C. will be cleaned D. cleaned 6. (2023 湖北武汉) —Why is the park so beautiful? —Because the flowers ________ every week by the gardeners. A. water B. are watered C. will water D. will be watered BY cindy 单项选择。 7. (2024 湖南长沙) A new hospital ________ in our hometown in two years. People will have better medical care. A. will be built B. is built C. builds D. built 8. (2023 河南) —When ________ the new library ________? —Next month. We can read more books there soon. A. is; opened B. will; be opened C. does; open D. will; open BY cindy 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The 19th Asian Games ________ (hold) in Hangzhou in 2023. [2024 广东广州] 2. Paper ________ (make) from wood, so we should protect forests. [2024 广东深圳] 3. A new library __________ (build) in our school next term. [2024 广东佛山] 4. English ___________ (speak) in many countries around the world. [2023 广东广州] 5. The classroom ____________ (clean) by students every afternoon. [2023 广东东莞] was held is made will be built is spoken is cleaned BY cindy 圈出谓语 找主语（谓语前）和宾语（谓语后） 交换主语和宾语的位置 将动词变成be done形式 在原主语前加by（代词要变宾格） 如何将主动句改为被动句 A monster caught our master. Our master was caught a monster. 主动语态 被动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 by 主语 + 谓语动词被动语态(be+动词过去分词) + (by+动作执行者) 主语 + 谓语动词主动语态(一般现在时) + 宾语 主宾语不一定只有一个单词 BY cindy Rewrite the sentences in the passive in the simple present and the simple future. 6 1 The farmer plants flowers in early spring. _________________________________________________ 2 We usually clean up our office for holidays. _________________________________________________ 3 The school always holds a party to welcome new teachers. _________________________________________________ 4 The company will hold a job interview next month. _________________________________________________ Flowers are planted by the farmer in early spring. Our office is usually cleaned up by us for holidays. A party is always held by the school to welcome new teachers. A job interview will be held by the company next month. BY cindy Creative students ¹_________ (need) for our team! Excellent communication skills ²_________ (expect), and a positive personality ³_________ (require). Join us and make a difference! Come to Room 401 for more information. What you’ll do What you’ll get Plan and organise fun events for the year ahead. Make sure the voices of students ⁵__________ (hear) on important matters. • You will make new friends. • Your leadership skills ⁶__________ (develop). are needed are expected is required will be heard will be developed 1.Students’ Union 学生会 2.Make sure 确保 3.important matters 重要的问题 4.creative 有创造力的 5.excellent 卓越的 Complete the job posting using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. 7 BY cindy Useful expressions … be filled with both challenges and joys. … not always considered a good job. I have found a sense of achievement in… The job will make… shine. Work in pairs. Choose a job and complete the table. Then have a discussion about the joys and challenges of doing the job. 8 Job: ____________ Joys of doing the job: ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ Challenges of doing the job: ______________________________ ______________________________ ______________________________ BY cindy Joys of a teacher Let’s have a discussion about the joys and challenges of doing the window cleaner. When students get better, I feel a sense of acheivement. 01 We laugh and learn together in class. 02 03 I watch them grow into better people. 04 Small gifts from students make my day. BY cindy Let’s have a discussion about the joys and challenges of doing the window cleaner. Correct homework till late.The work can be tiring. 01 02 Deal with noisy class moments. It requires a lot of patience. challenge of a techer BY cindy Job: _________ Joys of doing the job: ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Challenges of doing the job: ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Teacher 1. When students get better, I have found a sense of achievement in my job. 2. We laugh and learn together in class. 3. I watch them grow into better people. 4. Small gifts from students make my day. 5. The job will make me shine as I help others grow. 1. The job is filled with both challenges and joys. 2.Correct homework till late.The work can be tiring. 3.Deal with noisy class moments. It requires a lot of patience. BY cindy Summary 被动 语态 定义 主动语态 被动语态 什么事被什么人做了 什么人做了什么事 A monster caught our master. Our master was caught by a monster. 构成 一般现在时被动 一般将来时被动 主动变被动语态步骤 主 + be+动词过去分词 + by+动作执行者 一找：找主语和宾语 二换：交换主语和宾语的位置 三变：将动词变成be done形式 四加：在原主语前加by（代词要变宾格） am/is/are + 动词过去分词 will be/(am/is/are) going to be +动词过去分词 BY cindy 蛋糕是厨师做的。 歌曲被歌手演唱。 故事由作家所写。 花园将被园丁（gardener）照顾。 照片将被摄影师（photographer）拍摄。 Must do必做: 翻译以下句子。 Choose to do选做: 任选一个工作，仿照右图写一份工作分析，包含3个工作乐趣和2个挑战 。 BY cindy thanks BY Cindy $