Unit 5 Good manners（无听力音频）-【拔尖特训】2025-2026学年八年级下册英语（译林版·新教材）

会让父母生气：如果孩子们确实要做无聊的家务，下文对 应表示：父母应该给予他们报酬 4.InC.上文提及帮助父母是表达爱的一种方式，下文 说明原因：父母为你做了很多事情 5.It makes us happy.Because giving is happier than receiving.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可) Unit 5 Good manners 第1课时Welcome to the unit [课时新知特训门 -1.manners 2.tap 3.patiently 4.congratulations 5.litter 1.politely 2.follows traffic rules 3.to drop litter 4.on time 5.quietly 三、1.C2.A3.B4.C [阅读提优特训门 四、l.Among2.history3.both4.one5.So 6.top 7.back 8.movies 9.cover 10.different 五、1.B根据“This is a magic seed for you.”可知，此处 指满足“你”三个愿望 2.B根据“A magic seed?”可知，她认为这也许只是一个 玩笑。 3.A根据下文中“Miriam..her second wish had been granted..”可知，此处指许下了第一个愿望。 4.D她本以为这只是以赛叔叔的玩笑，没想到她的第一 个愿望真的实现了，所以感到惊讶 5.A根据She hurried to cut the watermelon可知，她要 立刻把西瓜吃掉。 6.C根据“Immediately the fruit became a seed again..”及 her second wish had been granted可知，看到水果变成了种 子，她意识到她无意中说的一句话成了第二个要实现的 愿望。 7.C根据Miriam got a letter及read it again可知，她重 新读了一遍信。 8.D根据She rushed out of the door可知，她快速地去找 种子。 9.B根据“But her parents needed to work.”可知，她希望 家人能有更多的时间在一起。 10.C根据and then followed the steps carefully可知，她 决定耐心地照顾种子。 1l.A根据“Miriam got some information about..,to plant a watermelon'”可知，她得到了一些关于如何种植西瓜 的信息。 l2.D根据“Everybody liked its taste.”可知，此处指与她 的朋友和邻居分享西瓜。 13.B根据语境可知，此处指从西瓜中得到了种子。 14.A The watermelons brought extra moneyMiriam's parents didn't have to be away for work as much是因果关 系，遵循“前因后果”。 l5.C根据as a watermelon可知，此处指像西瓜一样甜。 六、l.B主旨大意题。根据文章标题The debate on whether good manners are still important可知，本文是关于 礼仪是否仍然重要的辩论。 2.C细节理解题。根据第三段中“What's more,good manners can be different from one culture to another. 知，不同文化中的礼仪是不同的。 3.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“On the other hand, some people feel that manners can put too much pressure on people to fit in.""Besides,they argue that being polite doesn't always reflect true feelings.”和“Also,manners have changed over time.”"可知，一些人不喜欢礼仪是因为： 礼仪给人们太大的压力，礼仪并不总是能表达真实的感 受，礼仪随着时间的推移而改变。 4.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now that you've read more about this topic,visit our website,so you can vote on our debate.”可推知，读者可以在互联网上给这个 话题投票。 第2课时Reading [课时新知特训们 -1.praise 2.behave 3.realized 4.replies 5.hosts 6.refused 7.addressed 1.difference 2.openly 3.pleased 4.politeness 三、L.felt at home2.getting3.is kind enough 4.differently 5.instead of 四、1.B2.B3.B4.D5.A6.C7.D8.A 9.C10.A11.C12.A 五、l.have their own way of expressing 2.It is important to show respect for 3.When it comes to 4.how much she cared about her family 5.How is everything going with your new life in China? [阅读提优特训门 六、1.manners2.closed3.shake hands4.will be pleased with 5.yourself 七、L.B细节理解题。根据第二段中“They are ren,yi, li,zhi and xin.They are general virtues around the world. The most important two are ren and li..”可知，仁和礼是五 常中最重要的。 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段中“It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule-treat others as you wish to be treated.”可知，画线句子和“按照 你希望被对待的方式对待他人”意义相近，即“己所不欲， 勿施于人。”。 3.C细节理解题。根据第四段中“In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors..”可知，关于礼的讨论包括正确 的喝茶方式和如何缅怀祖先。 4.A主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了儒家思想的传统 美德。 1.No,it isn't.2.Because they think mealtime is for eating,not talking.3.Washing hands./To wash hands. 4.Two. 5.African hand-eating culture interests me most.(答案不唯一，言之有理即可) 第3课时Grammar [课时新知特训门 1.pushed 2.promised 3.pears 4.loudly 5.cheat 6.avoid 1.discussion 2.ran into 3.keep your word 4.to jump the line 5.fully [语法专题特训门 三、1.B2.C3.D4.C5.B6.A7.C8.A 1.too shy to join in 2.brave enough;by himself 3.large enough to hold 4.Remember to;when you leave 5.You can't finish all the tasks all at once. 五、1.careful enough2.easy enough;to3.so: couldn't 4.too:to dress [阅读提优特训门 六、1.booked2.the3.and4.easily5.looking 6.manners 7.unhappy 8.politely 9.down 10.to be 七、1.A推理判断题。根据“The serious soil erosion on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers..”以及“He left his job...and took on the task of greening the poor hills.”可知，王子忠种树是为了改善当地 受土壤侵蚀影响的生活。 2.B词义猜测题。根据“There were no roads,so Wang had to carry tree seedlings and water...make many trips every day.”可知，种树的过程很艰难。 3.A细节理解题。根据“However,Wang didn't give up. He continued to live and work in the mountains,planting trees.”可知，妻子去世后他继续像往常一样绿化荒山。 4.D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕王子忠一家 42年绿化荒山、保护森林的长期努力展开。 第4课时Integration [课时新知特训加 -1.moved/touched 2.earphones 3.circle 4.hugged 5.kissed 6.rush 7.unless 8.troubled 二、1.was about to2.impolite3.tastier 4.respectfully 5.peaceful 三、1.B2.D3.A4.C5.C [阅读提优特训们 四、l.park2.fixed3.When4.reuse5.eye 6.useless 7.wood 8.hole 9.excitedly 10.waste 五、1.A句意：这经常发生，尤其在我们外出吃饭时。 2.B句意：一上菜，我们就拿出手机点击（拍照），而不是 拿起筷子。 3.D根据句意可知，我们将照片发布到网上，等待被“点 赞”。然后，在用餐期间不时地检查手机是为了看看是否被 “点赞”。 4.B根据“Do you often do that?”可推知，此处表达“那听 起来和你相似吗？”。 5.C句意：如果不是的话，当别人和你一起吃饭那样做时 你感觉怎么样？ 6.B句意：最近的一项研究表明，我们习惯于做的事情并 不那么好。be allowed to do被允许做；be used to doing习 惯于做；be supposed to do应该做；be expected to do被期 待做。由空后to doing及句意理解可知答案 7.C句意：花时间拍摄食物的照片让食物变得不那么吸 引人。 8.A结果表明，他们拍的照片越多，他们就越觉得食物 不美味。根据下文中seemed可知，时态为一般过去时，故 选took。 9.A根据第四段内容可知，下文介绍了饭前拍照的其他 不好的影响。 10.B照片上传到网上后，一个人将无法控制自已，并多 次查看手机。 1l.A根据“Does everyone like my photos?”可推知，空处 指代photos,故选them。 12.D句意：似乎你的手机一直在偷偷叫你的名字，即使 你和真实的人在一起。 l3.A根据上文中“This happens a lot,especially when we go out to have dinner.”可知，此处表示的是下次和家人 或朋友外出吃饭时不拍食物的照片。 l4.D由Let the food be delicious as it is可推知，此处表 达的是与周围的人分享生活。“share..with.”意为 “和…一起分享…”。 15.C句意：相信我，这将是一段美好的时光。 六、1.C2.E3.F4.A5.B 写作专项提优 One possible version: Rules for visiting a museum At the weekend,you can go to a museum to see some valuable things on show.There are several rules you need to pay attention to in a museum.Here are some of them. The things on show are so valuable that you can't touch them with your hands.You can't take photos of them either.And you shouldn't make too much noise or eat snacks while you are enjoying the wonderful things.What's more,you shouldn't stand in front of a thing for too long. This will stop others from enjoying it.If you need help and want to know more,you can listen to the guide.He will explain everything to you. These rules are important because they will help everyone in the museum feel comfortable. 听力专项提优 [听力材料] 第一部分听对话回答问题 本部分共有10道小题，每小题你将听到一段对话，每 段对话听两遍。在听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅 读题目：听完每段对话后，你仍有5秒钟的时间选出你认为 最合适的备选答案。请在听到“嘀”的信号时，进人下一 小题。 1.W:Excuse me?Could you please take some photos for me? M:Sorry.The sign says“No Photos'”here. 2.W:What's that in the sky? M:Some balloons are flying high in the sky. 3.W:I was cleaning the room at 3:00 p.m.What about you,Tim? M:I was doing my homework,and my sister Linda was playing tennis. 4.W:Chen Dan,do Chinese people greet others with a kiss when they meet for the first time? M:No.We often shake hands with others. 5.W:Shall we go to the cinema this evening? M:I'm afraid I can't.I'll go to see my aunt off at the airport. 6.W:I don't like the hot days.They make me nervous. M:I don't like the rainy days.They make me sleepy. 7.W:Why are you still here?Do you want to keep reading that book till the library closes? M:I know it's late.But such bad weather makes me stay. 8.W:I got here at five to eleven.What time is it now? M:My watch says a quarter past eleven. 9.M:Would you mind keeping the noise down,please?I am trying to get to sleep. W:Oh,sorry.A friend of mine just got married.We are having a party. 10.W:How do you like the film last night? M:Well,I just want to say I don't want to see it any more. 第二部分听对话和短文回答问题 你将听到一段对话和两篇短文，各听两遍。听每段对 话或短文前，你将有时间阅读相关小题，每小题5秒钟：听 完后，每小题你仍有5秒钟的时间选出你认为最合适的备 选答案。 听一段对话，回答第11一12小题。答题完毕，请等待 “嘀”的信号，进人第一篇短文。 W:Do you like watching sports programmes on TV, Nick? M:Yes.I like sports.So my favourite TV channel is CCTV-5. W:How long do you watch it every day? M:For about 3 hours every day. W:Doing some sports is good for your health,but I don't think watching too much TV is helpful. 听第一篇短文，回答第13一15小题，请根据短文内容， 选择正确答案，完成信息记录表。答题完毕，请等待“嘀”的 信号，进人下一篇短文。 Today I'm going to tell you something about manners in different countries.For example,in Britain,you mustn't lift your bowl to your mouth when you are having soup.And in Japan,you needn't worry about making noise when you drink it. In Britain,we try not to put our hands on the table when having a meal.In Mexico,however,guests are expected to keep their hands on the table during a meal.In Arab countries,you mustn't eat with your left hand.This is considered to be very impolite.So,what should you do if you visit another country?You can ask the people there to help you or just watch carefully and follow them. 听第二篇短文，回答第1620小题。 "Where are you going?"The Chinese often ask this question when two friends meet in the street.But if you ask Americans the same question,they will be surprised because they think that "going to some place"is their own business.In their eyes,only a policeman will ask such a question in the street. Americans will feel the same if you ask them "Have you had your meal?".In fact,to us Chinese,such questions do not mean anything but a greeting.In America,when two friends meet in the street,they will say“Hello！”or“How are you?”.They never ask“Where are you going?”or“Have you had your meal?”.If two friends meet at mealtimes and one asks the other "Have you had your meal?",that means he wants to invite his friend to have a meal with him.It's quite different from what it means in China. The examples above tell us that people in different countries have different customs.Now that we are learning foreign languages,we must pay great attention to those customs. [参考答案] 1.C2.A3.B4.C5.B6.C7.C8.B 9.A10.B11.C12.C13.B14.A15.C 16.B17.C18.A19.C20.B 外刊阅读拓展 L.D推理判断题。根据“There were even reports of snow just in the south of Windhoek...in the freezer!" 知，温得和克很少下雪。 2.C推理判断题。根据上文中的Even though及下文中 的“T'm making plans..plan quickly.”可知，作者没有表 现出不高兴。 3.A推理判断题。根据“.who knows about the springtime flowers...The chances are excellent that this year's flowers will be even more wonderful..”可知，第四段 与眷天的花有关。 4.C段落大意题。通读最后一段，且根据最后一段首句 中的South Africa is full of beautiful places可知，最后一段 谈及南非的美丽。 5.B推理判断题。本文描述南非的气候、即将到来的花 季及作者的出游计划等，由此可知，本文最有可能出自 杂志。 Unit 6 Sunshine for all 第1课时Velcome to the unit [课时新知特训叩 -1.donates 2.deaf 3.service 4.disabled 5.blind 1.businesses 2.homeless 3.disabilities 4.to eat 5.providing 三、1.B2.B3.A4.C5.D [阅读提优特训口 1.against 2.successfully 3.before 4.practise 5.During 6.brave 7.raised 8.chance 9.louder 10.interview 五、L.C根据“What would these students be like?”可知， 因为不知道自己所教导的学生会是什么样的，所以有点 紧张。 2.A though符合语境，引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然他 们会在课间时跑着笑着，但大部分人还是很安静的”。 3.B根据and put it up on the wall可知，贴在墙上的应 该是海报。 4.D根据“She was just drawing circles on the desk with her finger.”可知，她只是用手指在书桌上画着圆圈，并没 有抬起头来看。 5.B根据my effort可知，“我”非常认真地规划了这些 课程。 .D根据“But my effort seemed to make little difference.”可知，“我”的努力似乎收效甚微，甚至不太确 定自己做的事情是否有意义。 7.B根据she came up and gave me the lantern可知，此 处应是指灯笼。 8.C根据上文中“One girl,Wen,always sat alone in the corner,seldom saying anything..”可知，之前文总是独自坐 在角落里，很少说话；结合下文“in the following days,she began to talk more..”可知，之后她坐得更近了，也开始多说 话了。 g.C根据“n my last class,she came up and gave me the lantern.”可知，灯笼会带来光。 l0.A根据“In my last class,she came up and gave me the lantern.”可知，文把灯笼给了“我”，她回赠了“我”光芒。 六、L.D细节理解题。根据第一段中“Every year,he gives away everything he earns over 42,000-a number that he thought he could comfortably live on.”可知，格雷登 每年会将收入中超过4.2万英镑的部分全部用于捐赠。Unit 5 Good manners 第1课时Wel( 边课时新知特训 一、根据中文或首字母提示填写适当的单词。 1.It is good table (礼仪)to pick up food with serving chopsticks. 2.Could you come over and fix the (水龙头)in the kitchen? 3.(2025·苏州市振华中学校期中)Tom has described what he saw during his stay in France (耐心地) 4.Let's send our (祝贺)to Lucy she won first prize in the English competition. 5.To keep our school clean,we should put into the bin instead of dropping it carelessly. 二、选用方框中所给的单词或短语并用其适当 形式填空，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 polite drop litter on time quiet follow traffic rules chat 1.You can say“T'd love to,but..”when you want to refuse others'invitation 2.If everyone there will be fewer traffic accidents. 3.It is wrong of some children carelessly in the park. 4.Although there was a traffic jam on the way to the station,luckily,I was for the train. 5.Mr Wang asks us to talk in the classroom between classes. 三、单项选择。 1.Here are some good for you to adopt when you have dinner with friends. A.advice B.idea C.mannersD.solutions ome to the unit ♪“答案与解析”见P15 -You must be excited that you are going to get the award. it. A.can't wait for B.can't agree with C.can't forget about D.can't hear about 3.You should return the books to the library It's one of the library rules. A.at a time B.on time C.by the time D.at times 4.The Double Ninth Festival is a traditional Chinese festival which is celebrated to show for aged relatives. A.communication B.tradition C.respect D.quality ☑阅读提优特训 四、[传统文化]根据首字母提示完成短文。 ★★ 中国古代的问候手势 There were several kinds of greetings in ancient China.1.A them the fist and palm salute(拱手礼)was a quite common one, with a 2.h of more than 3,000 years. It was first used by people in the Western Zhou dynasty.In ancient times,if people met a stranger,their hands were always ready for holding something used for fighting.Holding out 3.b hands showed that people could feel relaxed. When people meet,men usually use their left hand to hold the right 4.o It's believed that people consider the left as the important side for men.While for women,the important side is the right.5.S when 73 拔尖特训·英语（译林版）八年级下 they give the fist and palm salute,they should put their right hands on the 6.t When someone gives the fist and palm salute to you, you are supposed to do it 7.b as well. In many kung fu TV series and 8.m people greet each other with the holding fist salute,or baoquan li in Chinese. The gesture is that the right hand is made a fist,while the left hand is to 9.c the right fist.It's similar to the fist and palm salute, but they are 10.d.Baoquan li is widely used among kung fu masters and students. 五、[核心素养]完形填空。 ★★★ 人与自我一做人与做事 One day,Miriam got a letter along with a watermelon seed from Uncle Esai.The letter said: Miriam, This is a magic seed for you.Plant it,and it will grant 1 three wishes.Remember to be patient:the world has its own rhythm. Uncle Esai Miriam thought,“A magic seed？Maybe it's Uncle Esai's 2,but why not have a try?"She planted the seed in the yard,and made her 3 wish,"I want the watermelon to grow as big as a mountain!" The next morning,Miriam was very 4 to see a huge watermelon in the yard.She couldn't believe it,“I must5_it at once!” She hurried to cut the watermelon,but it was too hard.She became angry."This is a silly watermelon!I don't want it!" Immediately the fruit became a seed again. Miriam 6 that her second wish had been granted..“Humph！This is not fun!”she cried. A few days later,Miriam found Uncle 74 Esai's 7 and read it again.She stopped when she saw the words“be patient'”.How could she forget it?She rushed out of the door and 8 ran to the yard to find the seed.This time,she promised she would make the best use of the third wish. She thought for a while."I hope my 9 could spend more time together.But her parents needed to work.How could the seed help?Although it seemed impossible,she still decided to 10 the seed with patience. Miriam got some information about 11 to plant a watermelon,and then followed the steps carefully.When the seed turned into a normal-sized watermelon,she 12 it with her friends and neighbours.Everybody liked its taste. Miriam's family got the seeds 13 the watermelon and planted more afterwards.They were so delicious that the neighbours offered to buy some.The watermelons brought extra money 14 Miriam's parents didn't have to be away for work as much.They had more family time. Miriam finally knew what Uncle Esai meant-be patient,and life will be as 15 as a watermelon！ 1.A.me B.you C.him D.her 2.A.rule B.joke C.choice D.example 3.A.first B.second C.third D.fourth 4.A.bored B.afraid C.relaxed D.surprised 5.A.eat B.wash C.climb D.draw 6.A.heard B.explained C.realized D.imagined 7.A.book B.postcard C.letter D.newspaper 8.A.calmly B.carefully C.politely D.quickly 9.A.class B.family C.teachers D.neighbours 10.A.put away B.talk to C.look after D.search for 11.A.how B.why C.when D.where 12.A.watered B.protected C.watched D.shared 13.A.for B.from C.behind D.beside 14.A.so B.if C.but D.unless 15.A.new B.big C.sweet D.quiet 六、(2025·淮北期末)阅读理解。 ★★★ The debate(辩论)on whether good manners are still important Nowadays,people are discussing whether good manners are still as important as they used to be.Some think manners are very important,while others believe they are old-fashioned and not necessary. On the one hand,many people believe that manners are the basic rules for getting on well with others.They teach us how to behave properly.For example,using a knife and fork in the right way at the table can show respect. Also,good manners create a friendly envir onment.People can spend time together without worrying about offending(冒犯)each other.. On the other hand,some people feel that manners can put too much pressure on people to fit in.What's more,good manners can be different from one culture to another.For example,in some countries,it's polite to eat with your hands,while in others,using chopsticks is expected.Besides,they argue that being polite doesn't always reflect true Unit 5 Good manners feelings.If people are kind to each other,there is no need to follow set(固定的)rules.Also, manners have changed over time.About 100 years ago,children were expected to be quiet unless an adult spoke to them,which is very different from today. Now that you've read more about this topic,visit our website,so you can vote on our debate.Vote YES if you think it's important to have good manners or NO if you don't.We'll publish the results next week. 1.What is the main topic of this passage? A.The history of table manners. B.Whether good manners still matter today. C.Table manners in different countries. D.The advantages of good manners. 2.What can we know from the passage? A.Manners have become stricter now. B.Children today are more polite than before. C.Manners are different in different cultures. D.People no longer care about manners. 3.Which is not a reason why some people dislike manners? A.They give people too much pressure to fit in. B.Politeness doesn't always show real feelings. C.They think manners have changed over time. D.All the manners are difficult to follow. 4.Where can readers vote on this topic? A.In a classroom discussion. B.At a community meeting. C.In a local newspaper. D.On the internet. 拔尖特训·英语（译林版）八年级下 第2课时 白课时新知特训 一、根据中文或首字母提示填写适当的单词。 1.Find ways to (赞美)others often, and you will find they will open their hearts to you. 2.People (表现)according to their own understanding of situations. 3.When he finally learned the truth,he suddenly (意识到)that he had been all wrong. 4.(2025·烟台期末)Ifhe (答复)to us before tomorrow,we can make a better plan for the next step. 5.In China, (主人)often politely ask guests to stay when they are to leave. 6.(2025·日照市新营中学期中)Lucy was very angry that day,so she (拒绝)todo any housework. 7.He is usually a_ as“Professor Li'” by his students. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.(2025·常州阶段练习)The key different)between reviewing notes and rereading textbooks proves to be active thinking 2.Communicate with your teachers (open),and you will get helpful advice. 3.I've made a lot of progress in my studies,so my parents are very (please)with me. 4.We should always treat service staff with (polite)and respect. 76 Reading ◆“答案与解析”见P15 三、选用方框中所给的单词或短语并用其适当 形式填空，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 feel at home get instead of accept different be kind enough 1.Thanks to your warm hospitality,I as soon as I entered your house. 2.Those primary school students have got used to up early in the morning. 3.When she meets the elderly on the bus,she to give her seat to them. 4.(2025·甘肃模拟)They solved the math problem but both got the right answer. 5.Some teenagers keep secrets to themselves telling them to their parents. 四、单项选择。 1.-Why did you shout at your friend loudly? Because he didn't the danger he was facing.I just wanted to remind him. A.create B.realize C.connect D.forget 2.Jack is always to wait for a long time without getting angry. A.too patient B.patient enough C.enough patient D.very patient 3.Boys,we are in big trouble!The English teacher has asked all of us to meet him in his office,one A.at times B.at a time C.all the time D.every time 4.My father is a policeman.He is help me with my lessons. A.enough busy to B.busy enough to C.very busy to D.too busy to 5.-Why didn't you finish the experiment as planned? -Something unexpected the equipment during the process. A.went wrong with B.took care of C.made use of D.got along with 6.易错题一My cousin is good at all his subjects at school,but he never 一 What a (n) boy！We should learn from him. A.gets off;thoughtful B.takes off;energetic C.shows off;modest D.puts off;curious 7.-Jim,why did Lucy your invitation? She said she was too busy with the school project. A.hold B.accept C.change D.refuse 8.-What do you think of your life in the new school? At first,I often felt tired.But I gradually it, A.get used to B.care about C.pay attention to D.zoom in 9 the famous teacher won from both her students and the students'parents! A.How high praise B.What a high praise C.What high praise D.How a high praise 10.-Don't be so rude.You should like a gentleman. Unit 5 Good manners Sorry.I'll be more polite. A.behave B.perform C.provide D.consider 11.In some cultures,it is considered polite to elders by their last names followed by a title like“Mr”or“Ms”. A.name B.meet C.address D.reply 12. 一 When we come to a new place,we should follow the local culture and customs. -That's true.Just as the saying goes, A.When in Rome,do as the Romans do. B.The grass is always greener on the other side. C.East or west,home is best. D.Home is where the heart is. 五、根据所给中文意思完成句子。 1.许多艺术家有他们自己的通过画作表达情感 的方式。 Many artists their emotions through their paintings. 2.尊重你的长辈和他们的智慧是很重要的。 your elders and their wisdom. 3.当谈到与人打招呼时，中国人更倾向于握手。 greeting others, Chinese people prefer handshakes. 4.当她放弃理想的工作去照顾生病的母亲时， 所有人都看出她有多在乎家人。 When she gave up her dream job to look after her sick mother,everyone saw 5.你在中国的新生活一切都顺利吗？ 77 拔尖特训·英语（译林版）八年级下 ☑阅读提优特训 六、选用方框中所给的单词或短语并用其适当 形式填空。 close be pleased with you manner shake hands Do you know what it means to be polite?You are polite when you show good 1. Look around the lunchroom next time you are there. You will quickly be able to tell who is polite and who is not. Your friend who talks quietly is polite. Those people who chew(咀嚼)food with their mouths 2. are polite.Those who are not very polite may play with their food.They may talk loudly at the corner. You can also show you are polite when you meet someone new.Reach out your hand to 3. with him or her,smile and then say,"Hi,my name is...Nice to meet you.The person you are meeting may smile as well.He or she 4. how polite you are.You will feel good about 5. when you are nice and polite to others. 七、[传统文化]阅读理解。 ★★★ 儒家思想 Confucianism (儒家思想)has What you do not want done to yourself,do not do to others. been followed by -Confucius Chinese people for more than two thousand years. To help people understand how to behave towards others,Confucianism teaches the Five Constants(五常).They are ren,yi,li,zhi and xin.They are general virtuest(美德)around the world.The most important two are ren and li. 78 Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others.Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others.He is famous for teaching people that "What you do not want done to yourself,do not do to others.".It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule-treat others as you wish to be treated. While the meaning of ren is easy to understand,li is a little harder to express.It can be thought of as a duty or even respect. Generally,li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life.In Confucian writings,discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors.While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings,li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us. Perhaps the best-known Confucian virtue is xiao.This is the duty children have to their parents.Xiao means loving,respecting, obeying and taking care of one's parents in their old age.In Confucianism,xiao is important for a harmonious(和谐的)society.Without it,the whole world would fall into a mess. 1.Which are the most important of the Five Constants? A.Ren and yi. B.Ren and li. C.Li and xin. D.Yi and zhi. 2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese? A.博学于文，约之以礼。 B.学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 C.己所不欲，勿施于人。 D.君子和而不同，小人同而不和。 3.Which of the following is an example of li? A.Building a peaceful society. B.Taking care of one's children. C.Obeying rules of drinking tea. D.Learning all through one's life. 4.What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism? A.Its general virtues. B.Its long history. C.Its new challenges. D.Its golden rules. 八、任务型阅读。 ★★ Do you know that different countries have different cultures?How can we deal with them? Here are some messages about more cultures in other countries that you may be interested in. Taking off your shoes or not It's bad manners to take off your shoes at the door of a London dinner party.But in Asia if you don't take off your shoes before entering a home,you are not polite enough. What you should do instead:If you see a row of shoes at the door,take off your shoes.If not,keep the shoes on. Talking over dinner In some countries,like Japan,don't start talking while everyone else is having dinner. You'll meet with silence-not because your group is unfriendly,but because mealtime is for eating,not talking.Also don't talk in places like churches in Europe. What you should do instead:Keep quiet! Unit 5 Good manners Knowing your right from your left Some cultures in Africa and the Middle East still like to eat in traditional ways-using their hands.When people eat in this way,food is often offered for several people to share at the same time.That is why it's important to wash your hands before eating.While eating,you have to follow the rule:Eat with your right hand,and use your left hand to do other things.Another rule to remember:Eat the food that's closest to you. What you should do instead:Follow the others and use your right hand.Even children who are left-handed in this culture are taught to eat with their right hands.If you really can't, explain yourself to others before you eat. 根据短文内容，回答问题。（每题答案不超 过10个词) 1.Is it good manners to take off your shoes at the door of a London dinner party? 2.Why do Japanese people keep silent while eating? 3.What is important in Africa and the Middle East before eating? 4.How many rules should you remember while eating in Africa? 5.What foreign culture interests you most? 79 拔尖特训·英语（译林版）八年级下 第3课时 自课时新知特训 一、根据中文或首字母提示填写适当的单词。 1.As the boy (his younger sister, she swung higher and higher. 2.(2025·扬州市仪征市模拟)Dearest Maria, why don't you come back to me like you (承诺)？ 3.Lucy wants to buy some (梨)for her mother at the supermarket. 4.(2025·烟台期中)She went straight up to the door and knocked (大声地). 5.It's important to be honest and never in exams or games. 6.-Does the colour red represent good things in Chinese culture? -Yes.But writing one's name in red is not good,and we usually a 二、选用方框中所给的单词或短语并用其适当 形式填空，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 jump the line run into in one's way discuss keep one's word full 1.(2025·扬州市邗江区期末)After a heated they finally accepted all the plans for the journey. 2.He was looking at his phone while walking and accidentally a street lamp. 3.If you can't it's better not to make a promise in the first place. 4.My little brother wanted to get ice cream,but I told him to wait for his turn. 5.You can't understand others unless you walk in others'shoes. 80 Grammar “答案与解析”见P16 语法专题特训 三、单项选择。 1.Kitty,these books are heavy for you carry.Let me help you. A.as;as B.too;to C.such;that D.so;that 2.The community volunteer is patient enough how to use the payment code to the old. A.explained B.explains C.to explain D.explaining 3.易错题r Brown was too busy the papers his mobile phone. A.to mark;to check B.to mark;checking C.marking;checking D.marking;to check 4.It is never prepare for a wonderful life in senior high. A.too late B.late enough to C.too early to D.early enough to 5.Amy did very well in her report.She is to pay attention to every detail. A.enough careful B.careful enough C.enough careless D.careless enough 6. it rained heavily,all the students came to school on time. A.Even though B.Because C.As D.Unless 7.You can experience four seasons within a day in London,so you'd better always bring an umbrella with you it rains. A.as if B.now that C.in case D.in order 8.He finished his homework quickly and made many mistakes. A.too B.enough C.much D.such 四、根据所给中文意思完成句子。 1.她太害羞了以致没有参加讨论。 She was the discussion. 2.吉姆足够勇敢，能独自去旅行。 Jim is to start a journey 3.这个礼堂足够大，可以容纳两千人。 The hall is two thousand people. 4.当你离开的时候，记得把帽子带走。 take your hat with you 5.你不可能一下子做完所有任务。 五、按要求改写句子。 1.Jim is so careful that he always notices small changes around him.(同义句转换) Jim is to notice small changes around him. 2.The Maths problem is too difficult for me to work out..(同义句转换)》 The Maths problem isn't for me work out. 3.The students were too tired to stay awake in class..(改为复合句) The students were tired that they stay awake in class. 4.The boy is so young that he can't dress himself..(改为简单句) The boy is young himself. Unit 5 Good manners ☑阅读提优特训 六、语法填空。 ★★ Last week,my grandma came to visit us.Mum 1. (book)a table at a restaurant for us to have dinner together. Once we took our seats,the waitress came to us with two menus.She passed one to me and 2. other to Grandma.Grandma is a vegetarian(素食者)，so she always needs more time to order the food that she wants to eat.I am an easy eater 3. I can always choose my food 4. easy) when we eat out."One bottle of apple juice and one burger,"I said when I was still 5. look)at the menu.Grandma heard what I said.She looked at me and said, "Peter,that is not the correct way to order your food.Have 6. (manner).”Then I said,"One bottle of apple juice and one burger, please."But my eyes were still on the pictures of the menu.Grandma was still very 7. (happy),and she continued,"Peter,can you possibly speak more 8. (polite)and look at people in the eye when you talk to them,please?” Grandma always loves good manners and I didn't want to let her down.Feeling ashamed (惭愧的)，I quickly put9. the menu, looked at the waitress in the eye and said,"Can I possibly have a bottle of apple juice and a burger,please?"This time Grandma gave me a big smile and said,“That's a good boy..”From my grandma,I have learned how 10. (be)a polite person in my daily life. 81 拔尖特训·英语（译林版）八年级下 七、[热点素材](2025·泰安模拟)阅读理解。 ★★★ 以生命赴青绿：王子忠用42年书写治沙传奇 Wang Zizhong,a 78-year-old farmer from Ciyu Village in Shandong,has devoted the past 42 years of his life to greening mountains and protecting forests with his family. In 1983,Wang Zizhong saw the poor hills to the north of Ciyu and started thinking about planting trees on them.The serious soil erosion (水土流失)on the mountains had greatly influenced the lives of the villagers. He left his job as a teacher,rented the land from the local government and took on the task of greening the poor hills.He led his family up the mountains and began the arduous journey of planting trees. At that time,he and his wife left their two teenage sons in the cave while the couple dug holes for the trees.There were no roads,so Wang had to carry tree seedlings and water on his shoulders and walk kilometres to the mountains.The water he carried each time could only water seven or eight trees.So he had to make many trips every day. The family would stay in the mountains for over a month at a time.They slept in the cave, ate pancakes and drank mountain stream water. In 1997,Wang's wife passed away suddenly from a heart attack while she was in the mountains.However,Wang didn't give up.He continued to live and work in the mountains, planting trees. 82 As Wang grew older,he passed on the task of forest protection to his son.Influenced by his father,Wang Tao took over the job and worked hard every day to carry on the family's work. Over 42 years,the Wang family has planted over 200,000 trees,covering more than 133 hectares. Their efforts have turned the poor mountains into green forests,leaving a "green treasure"for future generations and showing that the idea of green development is increasingly taking root in people's hearts. 1.Why did Wang Zizhong decide to plant trees? A.He wanted to improve the local life. B.He hoped to make more money. C.It was a good way to keep himself busy. D.The government called on people to do so. 2.What does the underlined word“arduous?”in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Educational. B.Difficult. C.Interesting. D.Boring. 3.What did Wang Zizhong do after his wife's death? A.He greened the hills as usual. B.He suffered from a serious disease. C.He chose to stay in the mountains alone. D.He let his son continue his work at once. 4.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.The harm of soil erosion to a village. B.A villager's teaching career and later life. C.The road to forest protection in Ciyu Village. D.A family's long-term efforts to green mountains.