精品解析：山西省阳泉市第一中学2024-2025学年高二10月月考英语试题

2024-2025学年第一学期月考 高二英语 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。并在规定位置粘贴考试条形码。回答第Ⅰ卷时，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如[■]。如需改动，须用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上无效。 3.回答第Ⅱ卷时，须用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上相对应的答题区域内，答在试卷上无效。 4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Famous Modern Chinese Buildings The Beijing International Airport The first place most visitors see when they arrive in China is the Beijing International Airport. The airport was constructed in the 1950s. It has an indoor garden, a children’s playground, and over 70 food businesses in Terminal 3 alone. The Shanghai World Financial Centre Completed in 2008, SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and the construction delays. Since its completion, it has won countless architectural awards. Tourists are welcome at SWFC’s viewing platform, which is the world’s highest closed viewing platform. The Water Cube It was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics. Now visitors can express surprise at the architecture of the building. They can enjoy the indoor atmosphere as well. Among the offerings of the Water Cube are a restaurant, a bar, a shopping area, and Water World, a family water park. The Bird’s Nest It was designed mainly for the 2008 Summer Olympics. It can hold up to 80,000 people. Nowadays, it also functions as a tourist attraction. Its main income is from tourism. It draws more than 20,000 tourists every day. The National Centre for the Performing Arts It was completed in 2007. The building is surrounded by a man-made lake, requiring guests to enter via an underground hallway. It is home to an opera hall, a music hall, and a theatre. 1. Which of the following buildings was first constructed? A. The Beijing International Airport. B. The Shanghai World Financial Centre. C. The Water Cube. D. The Bird’s Nest. 2. Why was the construction of Shanghai World Financial Centre delayed? A. It needed more construction workers. B. It was short of money. C. It added an extra viewing platform. D. It faced too much terrible weather. 3. What can you do in the National Centre for the Performing Arts? A. Enjoy sports events. B. Eating. C. Attend science lectures. D. Watch different performances. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了五个现代中国著名建筑。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The airport was constructed in the 1950s.”（这座机场建于20世纪50年代。）可知The Beijing International Airport的建立时间；根据第二段中“Completed in 2008”（在2008年完成）可知The Shanghai World Financial Centre的建立时间；根据第三段中的“It was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics.”（它是为2008年北京夏季奥运会修建的。）可知The Water Cube的建立时间；根据第四段中“It was designed mainly for the 2008 Summer Olympics.”（它主要是为2008年夏季奥运会设计的。）可知The Bird’s Nest的建立时间，进行比较后The Beijing International Airport的建立时间最早。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Completed in 2008, SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and the construction delays.”（由于资金短缺和施工延误，2008年完工的SWFC花了10多年才完工。）可知，由于资金短缺和施工延误，所以SWFC得以延误。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It was completed in 2007. The building is surrounded by a man-made lake, requiring guests to enter via an underground hallway. It is home to an opera hall, a music hall, and a theatre.”（它于2007年完工。建筑被人工湖环绕，客人需要通过地下走廊进入。它有一个歌剧院、一个音乐厅和一个剧院。）可知，在The National Centre for the Performing Arts有一个歌剧院、一个音乐厅和一个剧院可以观看到不同的表演。故选D。 B Brian Tracy is a very famous Canadian-born motivational speaker, and it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there. Brian is excellent in the fields of public speaking, leadership and success psychology. However, it did not begin for Brian like that, as he was the troublemaker of the family. Things have definitely changed for him, as he once struggled to pay the utility (公用事业) bills. Brian is the President and CEO of three multi-million dollar companies based in the United States. He is fluent in more than four languages and has one main message for everyone out there, “I believe through learning and the application of what you have learned, you can solve any problem, overcome any barrier and achieve any goal that you set for yourself.” Brian Tray was born in Canada in 1944 and raised in the United States is early childhood was spent in a variety of locations, including Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and California. His family moved frequently and he was often in a new school. Tracy’s parents’ marriage ended when he was seven years old, and he and his siblings had to live with the two different households. With his father mostly absent, Tracy and his siblings were largely raised by his mother. His mother was a hardworking single parent who held down three jobs to support the family. Tracy was often left to his own devices, which included a lot of reading. He read a wide variety of books, including biographies and books on success and personal development. His reading gave him an education that was far beyond his years. He also studied music and played sports. Although his childhood was difficult and his circumstances were sometimes difficult, Tracy’s strong spirit and determination eventually led to success. His early childhood experiences helped shape his beliefs and values, and he applied them to his later life and career. 4. What did Tracy do frequently before becoming famous? A. He delivered speeches in public. B. He learnt from excellent leaders. C. He turned to psychologists for help. D. He made trouble for his family. 5. What is the secret of mastering foreign language according to Tracy? A. Learning in order to practise. B. Paying attention to pronunciation. C. Setting a long-term goal. D. Acquiring adequate vocabulary. 6. What does the underlined word “siblings” mean in paragraph 3? A. Classmates or friends. B. Brothers or sisters. C. Uncles or aunts. D. Neighbors or relatives. 7. What is the most beneficial to Tracy’s development? A. The good education. B. The wide reading. C. The mother’s support. D. The tough childhood. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名的演说家布莱恩·特雷西的成长经历。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Brian Tracy is a very famous Canadian-born motivational speaker, and it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there. Brian is excellent in the fields of public speaking, leadership and success psychology. However, it did not begin for Brian like that, as he was the troublemaker of the family.”（布莱恩·特雷西是一个非常著名的加拿大出生的励志演说家，可以肯定地说，他是最好的演说家之一。Brian在公共演讲、领导力和成功心理学方面都很出色。然而，布莱恩并不是这样开始的，因为他是家里的麻烦制造者。）可知，在布莱恩成名之前，他是这个家庭的麻烦制造者。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“He is fluent in more than four languages and has one main message for everyone out there, “I believe through learning and the application of what you have learned, you can solve any problem, overcome any barrier and achieve any goal that you set for yourself.””(他精通四种以上的语言，并向所有人传达了一个主要信息，“我相信通过学习和应用所学知识，您可以解决任何问题，克服任何障碍并实现您为自己设定的任何目标”。)可知，在Tracy看来，通过学习和应用所学知识，可以解决任何问题，克服任何障碍并实现为自己设定的任何目标，故选A。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句前半部分“Tracy’s parents’ marriage ended when he was seven years old”（Tracy 父母的婚姻在他7岁时就结束了）及“ had to live with the two different households”（不得不住在两个不同的家庭）“With his father mostly absent, Tracy and his siblings were largely raised by his mother.”（由于父亲大部分时间不在家，特雷西和他的siblings基本上都是由母亲抚养长大的。）可知，因为Tracy的父母离异，父亲大部分时间不在家，致使Tracy多数时间是由妈妈抚养，因而他和他的兄弟姐妹就住在母亲的家庭中。所以划线词此处指“兄弟姐妹”，故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“His early childhood experiences helped shape his beliefs and values, and he applied them to his later life and career.”（他的早期童年经历帮助塑造了他的信仰和价值观，并将它们应用到他的晚年生活和职业生涯中。）可知，对Tracy的成长而言，他的早期童年经历帮助塑造了他的信仰和价值观，并将它们应用到他的晚年生活和职业生涯中。故选D。 C In a high-tech lab on John’s Hopkins University’s Homewood campus in Maryland, engineers have been building a robot that may be able to stitch (缝针) back together the broken tissues in your stomach and even your brain, no doctor needed. The robot has a high-tech camera on one arm and a high-tech sewing machine on a second arm. The goal is to develop, in the next several years, a robot that makes the delicate work more consistent. The robot, known as Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot, or STAR, which is run by a highly advanced computer program, will advance technology currently in wide use in operating rooms. The robot completes about a stitch a minute, slightly slower than a human surgeon. But the tests so far have shown more consistency than what the humans can achieve. Long hours of traditional surgery can cause human hands to get tired and tremble, which may cause accidents during an operation. Robert Langer, an engineer, said the robotic arm could change the way surgeries are done. He has helped found dozens of biotech companies including Galen Robotics. The robotic arm being developed by Hopkins engineers is this company’s product. Galen CEO Bruce Lichorowic compared the robotic arm to future for surgeons, saying it increases their stability, reduces tiredness and prevents cramps (抽搐) during long surgeries, all of which lead to safer surgeries. Galen Robotics has its roots in research from Johns Hopkins University, but the company had been based in Silicon Valley until 2019. “The company currently employs about 40 people, about half of whom have advanced degrees from Johns Hopkins,” said Lichorowic, adding that the company plans to grow to 60 positions by the end of the year. Galen’s robotic arm is not for sale yet, but Lichorowic said the company expects to submit an application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) later this year. 8. What can STAR do? A. Shorten operation time. B. Replace human surgeons. C. Make operations smooth. D. Advance medical studies. 9. What does Lichorowic think of STAR? A. Flexible. B. High-cost. C. Promising. D. Unpredictable. 10. What can we know about Galen Robotics? A. It is sponsored by John’s Hopkins University. B. It still has its base in Silicon Valley now. C. Its robot arm will be released later this year. D. It is scheduled to expand within this year. 11. In which column is this text most likely to appear? A. Mind & Brain. B. Health & Technology. C. Business & Investment. D. Physics & Medicine. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了马里兰州约翰霍普金斯大学霍姆伍德校区的一个高科技实验室里正在研制智能组织自主机器人（STAR），尽管动作比人类外科医生慢，但是可以使手术更顺畅。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The robot, known as Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot, or STAR, which is run by a highly advanced computer program, will advance technology currently in wide use in operating rooms. The robot completes about a stitch a minute, slightly slower than a human surgeon. But the tests so far have shown more consistency than what the humans can achieve. (该机器人被称为智能组织自主机器人（STAR），由高度先进的计算机程序运行，将推进目前广泛应用于手术室的技术。机器人大约一分钟完成一针，比人类外科医生稍慢。但迄今为止的测试显示出的连贯性比人类所能达到的要高)”可知，STAR尽管缝针速度不如人类外科医生，但是缝合动作的连贯性比人类医生好，可以使手术更顺畅。故选C项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Galen CEO Bruce Lichorowic compared the robotic arm to future for surgeons, saying it in-creases their stability, reduces tiredness and prevents cramps (抽搐) during long surgeries, all of which lead to safer surgeries. (Galen公司首席执行官Bruce Lichorowic将这种机械臂比作外科医生的未来，他说，它可以增加他们的稳定性，减少疲劳，防止长时间手术期间的抽搐，所有这些都可以使手术更安全。)”可知，Lichorowic把机械臂比作外科医生的未来，有着诸多的优点，说明他认为这种机械臂有前途的（Promising.）。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“‘The company currently employs about 40 people, about half of whom have advanced degrees from Johns Hopkins,’ said Lichorowic, adding that the company plans to grow to 60 positions by the end of the year. (Lichorowic表示：‘公司目前约有40名员工，其中约一半拥有约翰霍普金斯大学的高等学位。’他还补充说，公司计划在年底前将职位增加到60个。)”可知，说明公司要在年内扩大规模，增加工作岗位。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“In a high-tech lab on John’s Hopkins University’s Homewood campus in Maryland, engineers have been building a robot that may be able to stitch (缝针) back together the broken tissues in your stomach and even your brain, no doctor needed. (在马里兰州约翰霍普金斯大学霍姆伍德校区的一个高科技实验室里，工程师们一直在建造一个机器人，它可能能够将你胃里甚至大脑里破碎的组织缝合起来，而不需要医生。)”可知，本文介绍一个能进去人体内帮助缝补组织的智能组织自主机器人，由此推知，本文最有可能出现“健康与科技（Health & Technology.）”专栏。故选B项。 D No one in the US has 3D-printed a two-story house before. But now three companies are working together to print the first large, two-story house in the US. The house, which is in Houston, Texas, was designed by a company. Another company provided the 3D printer. And a construction company is doing the actual building. Leslie Lok. who designed the house, says there are special challenges involved in printing the two-story house. One of the biggest is the size of the machine needed for the building. The 3D printer in Houston is massive. It weighs over 12 tons. Ms. Lok says printing the house will take the massive machine about 330 hours. That’s about eight normal work weeks. But the team isn’t in a rush. Though it’s a two-year project, the actual printing didn’t start until last July. The house is now about halfway finished. “We are not trying to beat the clock,” says Hikmat Zerbe, who works for the construction company. Instead, they’re using the house as a “big laboratory” to learn more about 3D-printing houses. They want to see how the concrete reacts “under different weather conditions”. They also want to figure out how to make 3D-printing faster and cheaper. Mr. Zerbe says that currently, 3D-printing a house with concrete costs more than building a house with wood. That’s partly because the technology is new. With time, Mr. Zerbe expects the costs of 3D-printed houses to go down. He thinks printers will improve and make it easier to create more houses quickly. 3D-printed concrete houses are stronger and hold up better in serious storms than house built with wood. This can save money in the long run. Since the machine is doing the building, fewer workers are needed, which also saves money. Besides, with 3D-printing, it’s easy to make each house different from other houses. These kinds of changes can apply to almost any tiling. Hikmat Zerbe says that means in the future, each house could be created specially for its owner. 12. What is a big problem in printing the two-story house? A. The limited time. B. The lack of skilled workers. C. The need for huge 3D printers. D. The shortage of building materials. 13. What is to be studied in the building process? A. How the printed houses stand wear and tear. B. How 3D-printed houses are made stronger. C. How workers can print large houses quicker. D. How concrete changes with the shift of weather. 14. What is a disadvantage of the 3D-printed house at present? A. Its cost is higher. B. It can’t survive the storm. C. It uses special concrete. D. It needs experienced workers. 15. How does Mr. Zerbe feel about the future of 3 D-printing? A. Negative. B. Unclear. C. Worried. D. Hopeful. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了目前有三家公司正在合作打印美国第一个两层的大房子，而这有望成为一种趋势。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Leslie Lok. who designed the house, says there are special challenges involved in printing the two-story house. One of the biggest is the size of the machine needed for the building. The 3D printer in Houston is massive. It weighs over 12 tons.( Leslie Lok，设计这座房子的人说，打印这座两层楼的房子有特殊的挑战。最大的问题之一是建筑所需机器的尺寸。休斯敦的3D打印机非常庞大。它的重量超过12吨。)”可知，最大的问题之一就是需要巨大的打印机。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段““We are not trying to beat the clock,” says Hikmat Zerbe, who works for the construction company. Instead, they’re using the house as a “big laboratory” to learn more about 3D-printing houses. They want to see how the concrete reacts “under different weather conditions”. (在这家建筑公司工作的Hikmat Zerbe表示：“我们并不是想赶时间。”相反，他们把房子当作一个“大实验室”来学习更多关于3D打印房屋的知识。他们想看看混凝土在“不同天气条件下”的反应。)”可知，在建房的过程中，他们想研究混凝土“不同天气条件下”的反应。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“They also want to figure out how to make 3D-printing faster and cheaper. Mr. Zerbe says that currently, 3D-printing a house with concrete costs more than building a house with wood.(他们还想弄清楚如何使3d打印更快、更便宜。Mr. Zerbe说，目前，用混凝土3D打印房屋的成本高于用木材建造房屋。)”可知，3D房屋的造价成本较高。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Besides, with 3D-printing, it’s easy to make each house different from other houses. These kinds of changes can apply to almost any tiling. Hikmat Zerbe says that means in the future, each house could be created specially for its owner.(此外，通过3D打印，可以很容易地使每个房子与其他房子不同。这些类型的更改几乎适用于任何平铺。Hikmat Zerbe说，这意味着在未来，每栋房子都可以为它的主人专门建造。)”可知，Hikmat Zerbe对3D打印的未来抱有希望。故选D。 第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Would you know what to do if a fire started in your home? Take the time now to review the following safety tips, and your family will be prepared in time of a fire in your home: ___16___ An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. ___17___ So it is important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home. Stay low If you can see smoke in the house, stay low to the ground as you make your way to the exit. ___18___ You will breathe less smoke if you stay to the ground. Smoke naturally rises, so if there is smoke while you are using your escape route，staying low means you can crawl (爬) under most of it. What if you can’t get out right away? If you can’t get out fast because fire or smoke is stopping an escape route, you will want to yell for help. You can do this from an open window or call 911 if you have a phone with you. ___19___ Then, firefighters will have a hard time finding you. The sooner they find you, the sooner you both can get out. If your clothes catch fire, what should you do? Your clothes could catch fire during a fire or by accident if you step too close to a candle. If this happens, don’t run! Instead, stop, drop to the ground, cover your face with your hands, and roll. This will cut off the air and put out the flames. ___20___ A. An easy way to remember this is: Stop, Drop, and Roll! B. Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are. C. Preventing fires is in the first place! D. Know your way out E. They will help prepare you for what you need to do in case of a fire. F. Even if you are scared, never hide under the bed or in a closet. G. In a fire, smoke and poisonous (有毒的) air hurt more people, than the actual flames (火焰) do. 【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是在家里发生火灾时应做好哪些准备。 【16题详解】 此空是一个小标题，根据下文小标题，可知应该用短小精悍的祈使句，在B/D中选择。再根据下文提示“一个逃生计划可以帮助每个家庭成员从着火的房子里出来。”由此推知，D项Know your way out（知道你的逃生出路）切题。故选D。 【17题详解】 下文提示“所以了解和记住走出家门的不同方式是很重要的。”承接下文，B项Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are.（火冒出来的烟会使人很难看清东西在哪里。）切题。故选B。 【18题详解】 上文提示“如果你能看到房子里有烟，在你往出口走的时候，离地面低一点。”承接上文，G项In a fire, smoke and poisonous (有毒的) air hurt more people, than the actual flames (火焰) do.（在火灾中，烟雾和有毒的空气比火焰更伤人。）切题。前后是一种因果关系，故选G。 【19题详解】 根据下文提示“那么，消防员将很难找到你。”承接下文，F项 Even if you are scared, never hide under the bed or in a closet.（即使你害怕，也不要躲在床底下或壁橱里。）切题。故选F。 【20题详解】 上文提示“如果发生这种情况，不要跑!相反，停下来，倒在地上，用手捂住脸，然后滚。这将切断空气，扑灭火焰。”承接上文，A项An easy way to remember this is: Stop, Drop, and Roll!（记住这一点的一个简单方法是：停止、下降和滚动!）切题。故选A。 第二部分：语言知识运用(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was a graduate student, I felt too busy to exercise. I promised myself I’d do it once I ____21____ school. I knew I would be busy as an assistant professor. However, I____22____my willpower. Work and tiredness occupied most of my time. When I started my first job at Williams College, I____23____did exercise regularly. It turned out that I was in a(n)____24____that offered excellent support for what I____25____to do. Research shows that our____26____are influenced by whether our environment makes something easy or difficult. Even the smallest difference can have an outsized ____27____. In one study, researchers____28____sweet items from the front to the back of a salad bar — a change of just 10 inches — and the____29____inconvenience made people eat less of sweets. My plan to exercise benefited from Williamstown’s long winter. People figured the best way through it was to get____30____happily and enjoy it. I kept meeting people who were____31____runners. When I started, they were quick to offer social____32____. With so many runners in town, it was easy to find trails (小径), including those____33____for beginners. Do____34____your environment to make challenging tasks easier. If you want to socialize, befriend outgoing persons. Or____35____your cell phone when you need to concentrate on study. The right surroundings are more powerful than willpower (意志力) alone. 21. A. attended B. finished C. started D. quitted 22. A. believed in B. insisted on C. relied on D. gave in 23. A. unwillingly B. nervously C. actually D. hardly 24. A. occupation B. agreement C. position D. environment 25. A. hoped B. insisted C. hesitated D. managed 26. A. experiences B. choices C. sights D. emotions 27. A. advantage B. reward C. effect D. risk 28. A. examined B. connected C. counted D. moved 29. A. obvious B. major C. unique D. slight 30. A. aboard B. outdoors C. home D. inside 31. A. warm B. cold C. lazy D. mean 32. A. resources B. activities C. support D. service 33. A. abnormal B. strange C. tough D. suitable 34. A. change B. protect C. ignore D. accept 35. A. answer B. silence C. keep D. ring 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者曾因忙碌无法锻炼，良好的环境帮他养成运动习惯，由此说明合适的环境比单纯意志力更能助力我们实现目标。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向自己保证，一旦完成学业我就去锻炼。A. attended参加；B. finished完成；C. started开始；D. quitted放弃。根据前文“When I was a graduate student, I felt too busy to exercise”以及语境可知，作者当时是研究生没时间锻炼，打算毕业后再锻炼。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，我（过于）相信自己的意志力。A. believed in相信；B. insisted on坚持；C. relied on依靠；D. gave in屈服。根据后文“Work and tiredness occupied most of my time”以及语境可知，作者依旧没锻炼，说明过于相信自己的意志力。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我在威廉姆斯学院开始第一份工作时，我实际上做到了规律锻炼。A. unwillingly不情愿地；B. nervously紧张地；C. actually实际上；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文“offered excellent support for what I 　　　 to do”描述环境帮助作者锻炼可知，这里指他实际上真的做到了。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果是我处在一个能为我想做的事提供极佳支持的环境中。A. occupation职业；B. agreement协议；C. position位置；D. environment环境。根据后文“our environment makes something easy or difficult”以及语境可知，这里指作者处于一个支持自己做任何事的环境中，environment是原词复现。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：结果是我处在一个能为我想做的事提供极佳支持的环境中。A. hoped希望；B. insisted坚持；C. hesitated犹豫；D. managed设法。根据前文“I promised myself I’d do it”描述作者一直希望锻炼可知，这里指作者处在一个能为其想做的事提供支持的环境中。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，我们的选择会受到环境是否让某件事变得容易或困难的影响。A. experiences经历；B. choices选择；C. sights风景；D. emotions情绪。根据后文“a change of just 10 inches — and the 　　　 inconvenience made people eat less of sweets.”描述甜品摆放位置影响人们是否吃甜食可知，这里指我们的选择会受到环境影响。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使微小的差别也会产生巨大的影响。A. advantage优势；B. reward奖励；C. effect影响；D. risk风险。根据后文“a change of just 10 inches — and the 　　　 inconvenience made people eat less of sweets”描述位置变化改变了人们的行为可知，这里指微小的差别也会产生巨大的影响。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一项研究中，研究人员把甜食从沙拉台的前排移到了后排——仅仅挪动了10英寸——而这一点点不便就使得人们少吃了甜食。A. examined检查；B. connected连接；C. counted数数；D. moved移动。根据后文“from the front to the back”可知，移动了甜食的位置。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一项研究中，研究人员把甜食从沙拉台的前排移到了后排——仅仅挪动了10英寸——而这一点点不便就使得人们少吃了甜食。A. obvious明显的；B. major主要的；C. unique独特的；D. slight轻微的。根据前文“just 10 inches”可知，距离变化很小。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：人们觉得度过漫长的冬天最好的方式就是开心地走到户外并享受它。A. aboard上船；B. outdoors户外；C. home家；D. inside里面。根据后文“With so many runners in town”描述作者遇到很多跑步者可知，这里指去户外是度过漫长冬天最好的方式。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不断遇到热心的跑者。A. warm热心的；B. cold冷的；C. lazy懒惰的；D. mean刻薄的。根据后文“they were quick to offer social 　　　.”描述他们主动提供帮助可知，这里指跑者很热心。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始跑步时，他们迅速提供了社交支持。A. resources资源；B. activities活动；C. support支持；D. service服务。根据后文“With so many runners in town, it was easy to find trails (小径)”可知，其他跑步者提供了支持。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：镇上跑步的人很多，很容易就能找到小径，其中也包括适合初学者的路线。A. abnormal反常的；B. strange陌生的；C. tough艰难的；D. suitable适合的。根据后文“for beginners”可知，这里指适合初学者的路线。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一定要改变你的环境，让有挑战的事变容易。A. change改变；B. protect保护；C. ignore忽视；D. accept接受。根据后文“to make challenging tasks easier”可知，要改变环境让挑战变得更容易。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：或者当你需要专注学习时，让手机保持静音。A. answer回复；B. silence使静音；C. keep保持；D. ring响铃。根据后文“concentrate on study”可知，想专注学习的时候，要让手机静音不打扰。故选B项。 第Ⅱ卷 注意：请用0.5毫米黑色笔迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第二节(共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。请将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。 Albert Einstein, ____36____ is regarded as the greatest scientist in modern physics, was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. At the age of 17, he ____37____ (admit) to the university in 1896 and graduated four years later. After graduating, Einstein first worked as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While ____38____ (work) there, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, he published four extraordinary physics papers and ____39____ (gradual) became world-famous. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics ____40____ his explanation of the photoelectric effect. When Hitler came to power in Germany, Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academy ____41____ (close) to him. As ____42____ result, he had to flee Germany and then came to US and took ____43____ a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his ____44____ (friend) and neighbors. Einstein passed away on 18 April 1955, and ____45____ was reported that the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 【答案】36. who 37. was admitted 38. working 39. gradually 40. for 41. closed 42. a 43. up 44. friends 45. it 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了现代伟大物理学家爱因斯坦，讲述了他的求学、科研经历与诺贝尔奖成就，因战乱移居美国，生活中有些健忘，去世后世人深感惋惜。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，被誉为现代物理学领域最伟大的科学家，于1879年3月14日出生在德国。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Albert Einstein，指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：17岁时，他于1896年进入大学，并在四年后毕业。根据时间状语“in 1896”，可知句子时态用一般过去时；he与admit为被动关系，be admitted to 表示“被……录取”，所以为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为he，be动词用was。故填was admitted。 【38题详解】 考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：在那里的同时，他继续深造，并于1905年获得了物理学博士学位。此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略前为While he was working there，从句主语与主句一致且含be 动词时，可省略主语和be，直接用现在分词working。故填working。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：同年，他发表了四篇非凡的物理学论文，并逐渐闻名于世。修饰动词became，需用副词形式，gradual变为副词gradually“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而获得了1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。此处为固定搭配be awarded sth. for sth.“因……被授予……”，表原因用介词for。故填for。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当希特勒在德国掌权时，身为犹太人的爱因斯坦发现学术界对他关闭了大门。分析句子可知，此处为find+宾语+宾语补足语，用形容词 closed“关闭的”作宾补。故填closed。 【42题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：因此，他不得不逃离德国，随后来到美国，并在普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员。此处为固定短语as a result“因此、结果”。故填a。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：因此，他不得不逃离德国，随后来到美国，并在普林斯顿高等研究院担任研究员。此处为动词短语take up表示“担任（职位）；从事”。故填up。 【44题详解】 考查名词复数形式。句意：但尽管有这些奇特之处，他还是深受朋友和邻居们的喜爱。此处与neighbors并列，需用复数形式friends“朋友”共同作be loved by的宾语成分。故填friends。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：爱因斯坦于1955年4月18日去世，据报道，全世界都在为这位杰出科学家的离世而哀悼。此处为固定句型it was reported that...“据报道……”，it作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语从句。故填it。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Lucy对中国诗人李白很感兴趣，写信向你询问该诗人的相关信息。现请你根据下面的中文材料，写一封回信。向她介绍李白。 词数80左右。 姓名 李白 朝代 唐朝 称号 诗仙 代表作 《静夜思》等 特点 作品浪漫，追求自由，喜爱饮酒 参考词汇：诗仙Poetic Genius；《静夜思》A Tranquil Night Dear Lucy, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Lucy, I’m so glad that you’re interested in the Chinese poet Li Bai, and I’d love to tell you what I know about him. Li Bai is one of the most famous poets of the Tang Dynasty. His poems are so great that he’s known as the “Poetic Genius”. In addition, his poems are full of romance and imagination, such as his most famous one, “A Tranquil Night”. Li Bai loved freedom very much, which was reflected in his poems. What’s more, he also loved to drink while he was creating poems, and it seemed that drinking was able to inspire him. That’s what I know about Li Bai. Now do you know much more about him? Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的信件。要求考生给外国朋友Lucy写信介绍中国诗人李白。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in→ show interest in 著名的：famous→ well-known 充满了：be full of→ be filled with 此外：in addition→ what’s more/besides 2.句式拓展 句式转换 原句：Li Bai is one of the most famous poets of the Tang Dynasty. His poems are so great that he’s known as the “Poetic Genius”. 拓展句：Li Bai, whose poems are so great that he’s known as the “Poetic Genius”, is one of the most famous poets of the Tang Dynasty. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Li Bai loved freedom very much, which was reflected in his poems.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】That’s what I know about Li Bai.（运用了what引导的表语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn’t help wondering how it was getting on now. Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere struggling to survive? I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被邀请去一个农场野餐，发现一个房子里有只蜂鸟被蜘蛛网困住了，作者把蜂鸟救了，把蜂鸟带出去的时候它迟迟不肯走，当作者走到一条布满黑莓的小路时，它开始动了，但是却不肯飞走，徘徊着，后来终于飞走了，当作者准备离开时，蜂鸟又飞到作者面前，好像是在和作者告别。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，我又去了农场。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到农场时所看到的和所想到的。 ②由第二段首句内容“我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。”可知，第二段可描写蜂鸟是如何对作者的以及作者的感想。 2.续写线索：想起救蜂鸟的时候——回到那个房子——想到那只蜂鸟——看见蜂鸟——蜂鸟的表现——作者的感想 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①思绪回到……：thoughts drift back to/thoughts return to ②匆匆回到：rush back to/hurry back to ③盯着：eyes locked on/eyes staring at 情绪类 ①宽慰：feel a surge of relief/feel relieved ②感激：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1] As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. (由as引导的时间状语从句和when引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. (由that引导的主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年第一学期月考 高二英语 注意事项： 1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。并在规定位置粘贴考试条形码。回答第Ⅰ卷时，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如[■]。如需改动，须用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上无效。 3.回答第Ⅱ卷时，须用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上相对应的答题区域内，答在试卷上无效。 4.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Famous Modern Chinese Buildings The Beijing International Airport The first place most visitors see when they arrive in China is the Beijing International Airport. The airport was constructed in the 1950s. It has an indoor garden, a children’s playground, and over 70 food businesses in Terminal 3 alone. The Shanghai World Financial Centre Completed in 2008, SWFC took over 10 years to complete due to financial shortages and the construction delays. Since its completion, it has won countless architectural awards. Tourists are welcome at SWFC’s viewing platform, which is the world’s highest closed viewing platform. The Water Cube It was constructed for use during the Beijing 2008 Summer Olympics. Now visitors can express surprise at the architecture of the building. They can enjoy the indoor atmosphere as well. Among the offerings of the Water Cube are a restaurant, a bar, a shopping area, and Water World, a family water park. The Bird’s Nest It was designed mainly for the 2008 Summer Olympics. It can hold up to 80,000 people. Nowadays, it also functions as a tourist attraction. Its main income is from tourism. It draws more than 20,000 tourists every day. The National Centre for the Performing Arts It was completed in 2007. The building is surrounded by a man-made lake, requiring guests to enter via an underground hallway. It is home to an opera hall, a music hall, and a theatre. 1. Which of the following buildings was first constructed? A. The Beijing International Airport. B. The Shanghai World Financial Centre. C. The Water Cube. D. The Bird’s Nest. 2. Why was the construction of Shanghai World Financial Centre delayed? A. It needed more construction workers. B. It was short of money. C. It added an extra viewing platform. D. It faced too much terrible weather. 3. What can you do in the National Centre for the Performing Arts? A. Enjoy sports events. B. Eating. C. Attend science lectures. D. Watch different performances. B Brian Tracy is a very famous Canadian-born motivational speaker, and it is safe enough to say that he is one of the best ones out there. Brian is excellent in the fields of public speaking, leadership and success psychology. However, it did not begin for Brian like that, as he was the troublemaker of the family. Things have definitely changed for him, as he once struggled to pay the utility (公用事业) bills. Brian is the President and CEO of three multi-million dollar companies based in the United States. He is fluent in more than four languages and has one main message for everyone out there, “I believe through learning and the application of what you have learned, you can solve any problem, overcome any barrier and achieve any goal that you set for yourself.” Brian Tray was born in Canada in 1944 and raised in the United States is early childhood was spent in a variety of locations, including Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and California. His family moved frequently and he was often in a new school. Tracy’s parents’ marriage ended when he was seven years old, and he and his siblings had to live with the two different households. With his father mostly absent, Tracy and his siblings were largely raised by his mother. His mother was a hardworking single parent who held down three jobs to support the family. Tracy was often left to his own devices, which included a lot of reading. He read a wide variety of books, including biographies and books on success and personal development. His reading gave him an education that was far beyond his years. He also studied music and played sports. Although his childhood was difficult and his circumstances were sometimes difficult, Tracy’s strong spirit and determination eventually led to success. His early childhood experiences helped shape his beliefs and values, and he applied them to his later life and career. 4. What did Tracy do frequently before becoming famous? A. He delivered speeches in public. B. He learnt from excellent leaders. C. He turned to psychologists for help. D. He made trouble for his family. 5. What is the secret of mastering foreign language according to Tracy? A. Learning in order to practise. B. Paying attention to pronunciation. C. Setting a long-term goal. D. Acquiring adequate vocabulary. 6. What does the underlined word “siblings” mean in paragraph 3? A. Classmates or friends. B. Brothers or sisters. C. Uncles or aunts. D. Neighbors or relatives. 7. What is the most beneficial to Tracy’s development? A. The good education. B. The wide reading. C. The mother’s support. D. The tough childhood. C In a high-tech lab on John’s Hopkins University’s Homewood campus in Maryland, engineers have been building a robot that may be able to stitch (缝针) back together the broken tissues in your stomach and even your brain, no doctor needed. The robot has a high-tech camera on one arm and a high-tech sewing machine on a second arm. The goal is to develop, in the next several years, a robot that makes the delicate work more consistent. The robot, known as Smart Tissue Autonomous Robot, or STAR, which is run by a highly advanced computer program, will advance technology currently in wide use in operating rooms. The robot completes about a stitch a minute, slightly slower than a human surgeon. But the tests so far have shown more consistency than what the humans can achieve. Long hours of traditional surgery can cause human hands to get tired and tremble, which may cause accidents during an operation. Robert Langer, an engineer, said the robotic arm could change the way surgeries are done. He has helped found dozens of biotech companies including Galen Robotics. The robotic arm being developed by Hopkins engineers is this company’s product. Galen CEO Bruce Lichorowic compared the robotic arm to future for surgeons, saying it increases their stability, reduces tiredness and prevents cramps (抽搐) during long surgeries, all of which lead to safer surgeries. Galen Robotics has its roots in research from Johns Hopkins University, but the company had been based in Silicon Valley until 2019. “The company currently employs about 40 people, about half of whom have advanced degrees from Johns Hopkins,” said Lichorowic, adding that the company plans to grow to 60 positions by the end of the year. Galen’s robotic arm is not for sale yet, but Lichorowic said the company expects to submit an application to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) later this year. 8. What can STAR do? A. Shorten operation time. B. Replace human surgeons. C. Make operations smooth. D. Advance medical studies. 9. What does Lichorowic think of STAR? A. Flexible. B. High-cost. C. Promising. D. Unpredictable. 10. What can we know about Galen Robotics? A. It is sponsored by John’s Hopkins University. B. It still has its base in Silicon Valley now. C. Its robot arm will be released later this year. D. It is scheduled to expand within this year. 11. In which column is this text most likely to appear? A. Mind & Brain. B. Health & Technology. C. Business & Investment. D. Physics & Medicine. D No one in the US has 3D-printed a two-story house before. But now three companies are working together to print the first large, two-story house in the US. The house, which is in Houston, Texas, was designed by a company. Another company provided the 3D printer. And a construction company is doing the actual building. Leslie Lok. who designed the house, says there are special challenges involved in printing the two-story house. One of the biggest is the size of the machine needed for the building. The 3D printer in Houston is massive. It weighs over 12 tons. Ms. Lok says printing the house will take the massive machine about 330 hours. That’s about eight normal work weeks. But the team isn’t in a rush. Though it’s a two-year project, the actual printing didn’t start until last July. The house is now about halfway finished. “We are not trying to beat the clock,” says Hikmat Zerbe, who works for the construction company. Instead, they’re using the house as a “big laboratory” to learn more about 3D-printing houses. They want to see how the concrete reacts “under different weather conditions”. They also want to figure out how to make 3D-printing faster and cheaper. Mr. Zerbe says that currently, 3D-printing a house with concrete costs more than building a house with wood. That’s partly because the technology is new. With time, Mr. Zerbe expects the costs of 3D-printed houses to go down. He thinks printers will improve and make it easier to create more houses quickly. 3D-printed concrete houses are stronger and hold up better in serious storms than house built with wood. This can save money in the long run. Since the machine is doing the building, fewer workers are needed, which also saves money. Besides, with 3D-printing, it’s easy to make each house different from other houses. These kinds of changes can apply to almost any tiling. Hikmat Zerbe says that means in the future, each house could be created specially for its owner. 12. What is a big problem in printing the two-story house? A. The limited time. B. The lack of skilled workers. C. The need for huge 3D printers. D. The shortage of building materials. 13. What is to be studied in the building process? A. How the printed houses stand wear and tear. B. How 3D-printed houses are made stronger. C. How workers can print large houses quicker. D. How concrete changes with the shift of weather. 14. What is a disadvantage of the 3D-printed house at present? A. Its cost is higher. B. It can’t survive the storm. C. It uses special concrete. D. It needs experienced workers. 15. How does Mr. Zerbe feel about the future of 3 D-printing? A. Negative. B. Unclear. C. Worried. D. Hopeful. 第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Would you know what to do if a fire started in your home? Take the time now to review the following safety tips, and your family will be prepared in time of a fire in your home: ___16___ An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house. The idea is to get outside quickly and safely. ___17___ So it is important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home. Stay low If you can see smoke in the house, stay low to the ground as you make your way to the exit. ___18___ You will breathe less smoke if you stay to the ground. Smoke naturally rises, so if there is smoke while you are using your escape route，staying low means you can crawl (爬) under most of it. What if you can’t get out right away? If you can’t get out fast because fire or smoke is stopping an escape route, you will want to yell for help. You can do this from an open window or call 911 if you have a phone with you. ___19___ Then, firefighters will have a hard time finding you. The sooner they find you, the sooner you both can get out. If your clothes catch fire, what should you do? Your clothes could catch fire during a fire or by accident if you step too close to a candle. If this happens, don’t run! Instead, stop, drop to the ground, cover your face with your hands, and roll. This will cut off the air and put out the flames. ___20___ A. An easy way to remember this is: Stop, Drop, and Roll! B. Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are. C. Preventing fires is in the first place! D. Know your way out E. They will help prepare you for what you need to do in case of a fire. F. Even if you are scared, never hide under the bed or in a closet. G. In a fire, smoke and poisonous (有毒的) air hurt more people, than the actual flames (火焰) do. 第二部分：语言知识运用(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was a graduate student, I felt too busy to exercise. I promised myself I’d do it once I ____21____ school. I knew I would be busy as an assistant professor. However, I____22____my willpower. Work and tiredness occupied most of my time. When I started my first job at Williams College, I____23____did exercise regularly. It turned out that I was in a(n)____24____that offered excellent support for what I____25____to do. Research shows that our____26____are influenced by whether our environment makes something easy or difficult. Even the smallest difference can have an outsized ____27____. In one study, researchers____28____sweet items from the front to the back of a salad bar — a change of just 10 inches — and the____29____inconvenience made people eat less of sweets. My plan to exercise benefited from Williamstown’s long winter. People figured the best way through it was to get____30____happily and enjoy it. I kept meeting people who were____31____runners. When I started, they were quick to offer social____32____. With so many runners in town, it was easy to find trails (小径), including those____33____for beginners. Do____34____your environment to make challenging tasks easier. If you want to socialize, befriend outgoing persons. Or____35____your cell phone when you need to concentrate on study. The right surroundings are more powerful than willpower (意志力) alone. 21. A. attended B. finished C. started D. quitted 22. A. believed in B. insisted on C. relied on D. gave in 23. A. unwillingly B. nervously C. actually D. hardly 24. A. occupation B. agreement C. position D. environment 25. A. hoped B. insisted C. hesitated D. managed 26. A. experiences B. choices C. sights D. emotions 27. A. advantage B. reward C. effect D. risk 28. A. examined B. connected C. counted D. moved 29. A. obvious B. major C. unique D. slight 30. A. aboard B. outdoors C. home D. inside 31. A. warm B. cold C. lazy D. mean 32. A. resources B. activities C. support D. service 33. A. abnormal B. strange C. tough D. suitable 34. A. change B. protect C. ignore D. accept 35. A. answer B. silence C. keep D. ring 第Ⅱ卷 注意：请用0.5毫米黑色笔迹签字笔将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 第二节(共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。请将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。 Albert Einstein, ____36____ is regarded as the greatest scientist in modern physics, was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. At the age of 17, he ____37____ (admit) to the university in 1896 and graduated four years later. After graduating, Einstein first worked as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While ____38____ (work) there, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, he published four extraordinary physics papers and ____39____ (gradual) became world-famous. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics ____40____ his explanation of the photoelectric effect. When Hitler came to power in Germany, Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academy ____41____ (close) to him. As ____42____ result, he had to flee Germany and then came to US and took ____43____ a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his ____44____ (friend) and neighbors. Einstein passed away on 18 April 1955, and ____45____ was reported that the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Lucy对中国诗人李白很感兴趣，写信向你询问该诗人的相关信息。现请你根据下面的中文材料，写一封回信。向她介绍李白。 词数80左右。 姓名 李白 朝代 唐朝 称号 诗仙 代表作 《静夜思》等 特点 作品浪漫，追求自由，喜爱饮酒 参考词汇：诗仙Poetic Genius；《静夜思》A Tranquil Night Dear Lucy, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up. With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me. When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty? As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away. Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight. During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said, “She must have come to say goodbye.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $