Unit 6 Trees 人与自然：植物（话题阅读精练）英语新教材沪教版五四制七年级下册

Unit 6 Trees 人与自然：植物 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 The Magic of Plants 阅读理解 说明文 180 介绍植物的重要作用、人类生活与植物的关联，以及植物面临的威胁和保护措施 实战演练 Passage 1 The Tree Doctor 完形填空 记叙文 120 讲述 “树木医生” 陈医生救治古树、推广护树方法的事迹 Passage 2 配对阅读 应用文 150 根据五位学生对动植物的兴趣，匹配合适的展览 / 博物馆场所 Passage 3 The Loess Plateau 阅读理解 说明文 200 介绍中国黄土高原环境受损情况及 “退耕还林” 工程的生态修复成果 Passage 4 Plants: more than we thought 完形填空 说明文 160 讲解植物自我保护、相互交流、拥有记忆的独特能力 Passage 5 Zhong Lin 任务型阅读 记叙文 220 讲述甘肃青年钟林投身家乡治沙、带动志愿者植树防沙的故事 Passage 6 词形填空 记叙文 140 记录学生完成树木主题科学项目的过程，传递环保理念 时文阅读 The Magic of Plants Plants are everywhere around us—from tall trees in forests to small flowers in gardens. They are not just beautiful to look at; they are essential for our survival. Without plants, life on Earth would not exist. Plants have many amazing abilities. They can make their own food through photosynthesis. Using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, they produce oxygen that humans and animals need to breathe. Trees are especially important fighters against air pollution. They absorb harmful gases and release clean oxygen into the air. Many things in our daily lives come from plants. We eat fruits, vegetables, and grains that grow from plants. Paper, pencils, and even some clothes are made from plant materials. Tea and coffee, which people love to drink, also come from plants. In addition, plants can make our environment more comfortable. They keep the air cool in summer and prevent soil erosion. However, plants are facing threats too. People cut down millions of trees every year for farming and building. Pollution from factories and cars damages plants’ health. We must protect plants by planting more trees, reducing pollution, and stopping deforestation. Let’s cherish every plant and thank them for supporting our lives. 【中文翻译】 植物遍布我们身边 —— 从森林里的高大树木到花园里的小小花朵。它们不仅好看，对我们的生存也至关重要。没有植物，地球上就不会有生命。 植物拥有许多神奇的能力。它们能通过光合作用制造自己的食物。利用阳光、水和二氧化碳，它们产生人类和动物呼吸所需的氧气。树木是对抗空气污染的重要战士，它们吸收有害气体，向空气中释放洁净的氧气。 我们日常生活中的许多东西都来自植物。我们吃的水果、蔬菜和谷物都生长自植物。纸、铅笔甚至一些衣服都是由植物材料制成的。人们喜爱的茶和咖啡也来自植物。此外，植物能让我们的环境更舒适，它们在夏天降温，还能防止水土流失。 然而，植物也面临着威胁。人们每年为了耕种和建筑砍伐数百万棵树。工厂和汽车的污染损害了植物的健康。我们必须通过多植树、减少污染和停止森林砍伐来保护植物。让我们珍惜每一株植物，感谢它们为我们的生命提供支持。 【长难句分析】 1.原句：Using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, they produce oxygen that humans and animals need to breathe. 拆分：①现在分词作状语（Using sunlight...）+ 主句（they produce oxygen）+ 定语从句（that humans...breathe） 解析：using 引导方式状语，表 “利用……”；that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 oxygen，在从句中作 need 的宾语；“need to do sth.” 意为 “需要做某事”。 译文：利用阳光、水和二氧化碳，它们产生人类和动物呼吸所需的氧气。 2.原句：We must protect plants by planting more trees, reducing pollution, and stopping deforestation. 拆分：①主句（We must protect plants）+ 方式状语（by planting...stopping...） 解析：by 引出保护植物的方式，后接三个并列的动名词短语（planting.../reducing.../stopping...）；“deforestation” 是七年级重点拓展词汇，意为 “森林砍伐”。 译文：我们必须通过多植树、减少污染和停止森林砍伐来保护植物。 【重难词汇梳理】 词汇 词性 汉语翻译 essential adj. 必不可少的；关键的 survival n. 生存 photosynthesis n. 光合作用 sunlight n. 阳光 carbon dioxide n. 二氧化碳 oxygen n. 氧气 absorb v. 吸收 harmful adj. 有害的 release v. 释放 grain n. 谷物；粮食 erosion n. 侵蚀；流失 threat n. 威胁 cherish v. 珍惜；爱护 Passage 1实战演练 The Tree Doctor Dr. Chen, 1 has saved over 1,000 ancient trees in China, is called “the tree doctor”. He 2 special injections to treat sick trees since 2008. Old trees 3 diseases just like humans. Dr. Chen’s team 4 each tree’s “medical record”. They 5 the treatment until the tree recovers. “These trees 6 our green heritage,” says Dr. Chen. In his book The Whisper of Trees, he teaches 7 to care for urban trees. Many cities 8 his methods to protect their oldest trees. The 300-year-old gingko 9 by Dr. Chen in 2020 now grows vigorously. Its survival 10 people that every tree deserves protection. 1．A．who B．which C．whose 2．A．develops B．developed C．has developed 3．A．get B．gets C．got 4．A．keep B．keeps C．kept 5．A．repeat B．repeats C．repeated 6．A．is B．are C．was 7．A．when B．how C．what 8．A．adopt B．adopts C．have adopted 9．A．save B．saved C．was saved 10．A．remind B．reminds C．reminded Passage 2 配对阅读。左栏是五位学生对动植物的需求， 右栏是相关展览或博物馆的信息。请为每一位学生推荐最适合他们需求的地方。并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 1 Tom loves the beautiful colors on butterfly wings. He really wants to understand how they become so beautiful. 2 Lily is a big fan of fish. She is interested in all kinds of fishes. She wants to know if there are any fish living without water? 3 Jack likes desert plants and he finds they can live with almost no rain. He wants to learn about their special ways to live. 4 Mike enjoys ocean animals, especially sharks. He wants to see real shark teeth closer. 5 Ben is interested in noisy rainforest. He not only wants to see the animals in it but also hear them. A．Sea Animal Discovery. Sharks swim fast with strong tails. They have scary teeth. Explore real shark teeth—they are as hard as stones. B．Jungle Adventure. Walk into an unreal rainforest. Put on headphones and listen to the sounds—monkeys talking, birds calling. C． Aquatic Museum. Interested in strange things in the water? Here you can find out a special kind of fish living without water and breathe air. D．Nature Garden. Go into a magic garden and watch butterflies of all colors flying in the flowers. Learn how they grow from a little egg. E. Space Science Center. Come and watch the special vegetables. Because they are from the space. Then you will know how scientists plant them in the space. F. Insect Museum. All mosquitoes have six long, thin legs. But did you see its long wings? Come here and see the world’s largest mosquito. G. Cactus House. Visit the hot desert. See how desert plants live with little water. Look at their stems, roots and leaves. You will learn about how they live in very hot places. Passage 3 The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) in China was once one of the most environmentally damaged (环境受损的) places in the world. A plateau is a high, flat area. This area is larger than France and home to over 100 million people. In the past, people farmed, let animals eat grass, and cut down trees. These activities made it hard to grow crops there. Now, a new study shows that a project called Grain for Green (退耕还林) has helped fix (解决) the problem. The project began in 1999. Grain for Green did several things. It stopped people from cutting down trees and letting animals eat too much grass. It also gave farmers money to plant trees and grass. By 2016, about 30,000 square kilometers of land were turned into forests and grasslands. And the amount of plant life grew by 25%. As a result, animals and birds started to come back. “When the environment got better, many birds returned,” said Yan Rufeng, an expert on the environment. Not all local people wanted to make the changes, ________. The land is now the lively home for plants and animals. It teaches the world a lesson: damaged ecosystems (生态系统) can be brought back to life. This success has made local people’s lives better. It also sets the world a good example of how to fix the damaged environment. 1．What do we know about today’s Loess Plateau in China? ①It’s as large as France.                 ②There are many plants there. ③Over 100 million people live there.      ④It’s badly environmentally damaged. A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．②④ 2．What made it hard to grow crops on the Loess Plateau in the past? A．The poor earth. B．The bad weather. C．The shortage of water. D．The people’s activities. 3．Which of the following statements about the Grain for Green project is TRUE? A．It started in 2016. B．It doesn’t stop people from cutting down more trees. C．It helped turn about 30,000 square kilometers of land into forests and grasslands by 2016. D．It made the amount of plant life decrease (降低) by 25%. 4．Which of the following can be put in the ________? A．so the project was stopped B．and the project finally failed C．but the project worked well D．for the project was too difficult 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Damaged environment returns to full health. B．The world learns from Chinese farmers. C．The Grain for Green project works quickly. D．Local people’s lives change greatly. Passage 4 Plants: more than we thought Plants are amazing! In the past, there were some ideas that plants had feelings and could act like people. But now, new studies show that plants are 1 in their own ways. Protecting (保护) themselves One way is how plants protect themselves. For example, when worms eat them, tomato plants can make their leaves taste 2 with a special juice. This can even make the worms eat each other! Corn (玉米) plants can check what worms leave behind and then use that information to 3 a bee to hunt the worms. Plant communication Plants can also talk to each other. They mainly use special air. There are small 4 on plants that look like little fish mouths under a microscope. These things let out air with information. When a plant has problems, like being eaten or hurt by the wind, it sends a “call”. Other plants close to it can get this “call” and get ready to stay safe. Plant memory Do plants have memory? One example is the “memory of winter”. Many fruit trees need to “remember” the 5 of cold days in winter to blossom in spring. They remember the cold and warm days to stop flowering too early during a warm time in winter. Now, when we look at plants in a park, we can think of them as little “strangers” (陌生人) with their own “stories” going on all around. We don’t know if they feel pain (疼痛), but they 6 touch or respond to being eaten, even though they don’t feel pain like we do. 1．A．dangerous B．strange C．important D．unusual 2．A．ill B．bad C．badly D．delicious 3．A．call B．invite C．attract D．send 4．A．treetops B．spots C．openings D．marks 5．A．number B．days C．time D．length 6．A．avoid B．ignore C．dislike D．sense Passage 5 Read the passage and complete the tasks. (根据短文内容完成任务。) Zhong Lin, a young man born in 1998 in Minqin County, Gansu, has been working on desert control in his hometown since 2022. Minqin is surrounded by two big deserts on three sides. Sandstorms were a deep memory of his childhood. His father and other elders’ spirit of fighting desertification influenced him a lot —sandstorms even ruined their family’s honeydew melon crops. In 2020, when Zhong Lin was a college sophomore, he decided to do desert control. He first tried to plant 500 saxaul seedlings, but most died because he had no experience. In 2022, he came back with money from his online business. He learned from old farmers, watched the desert’s weather, and used scientific ways like proper watering. Finally, 90% of the seedlings lived. In 2024, Zhong Lin joined a TV show. He planted 180,000 seedlings with volunteers. His story became popular online. Then he started a volunteer activity, “Come to Minqin to Plant a Tree”. Over 41,000 people joined, including college students and old people. His team also used money from selling local things online to help with desert control. Up to now, Zhong Lin’s team has planted 1.52 million sand plants on 4,500 mu of desert. With long-term work, Minqin has built 300-kilometer windbreak forests. Zhong Lin said trees bring hope. ____________________ Task 1:Answer the questions. 1．What made Zhong Lin decide to do desert control? 2．Why did Zhong Lin fail in his first try of planting saxaul seedlings? 3．How did Zhong Lin make more seedlings live in 2022? 4．What did Zhong Lin do after his story became popular online? 5．What is the “industry feeding back to desertification control” way? Task 2: 6．Based on Zhong Lin’s experience, write his idea about trees and his future plan. Write sentences in about 20 words. Passage 6 Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms.(用所给单词的适当形式完成短文，使其内容通顺。) Last month, our science teacher asked us to do a project about trees. First, we needed to collect some data. We went to the local park and did a careful 1 (analyse) of the soil and water there. We found that the freshwater lake was clean, but the trees nearby 2 (look) dry. We were 3 (luck) to meet a worker there. He was very kind and answered our questions with humour. He made us laugh while we learned. He told us that being a ranger is not just walking in the woods; it requires a lot of knowledge. For example, they need to know which plants are safe and which ones are 4 (danger). After the trip, we wrote a report. In the report, we suggested that people should eat more vegetables and maybe try to become 5 (vegetarian) once a week. This is because raising animals for meat usually uses more land and water than growing plants. Our teacher was very happy with our work. She said our report was 6 (true) meaningful. She encouraged us to share our 7 (find). So, we designed some posters and posted them on the office notice board. We hope to raise people’s awareness. Although the work was hard, we felt a sense of 8 (achieve). We realized that every small action can lead to a 9 (beauty) world. It is our duty to keep the earth green and 10 (health). 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 6 Trees 人与自然：植物 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 The Magic of Plants 阅读理解 说明文 180 介绍植物的重要作用、人类生活与植物的关联，以及植物面临的威胁和保护措施 实战演练 Passage 1 The Tree Doctor 完形填空 记叙文 120 讲述 “树木医生” 陈医生救治古树、推广护树方法的事迹 Passage 2 配对阅读 应用文 150 根据五位学生对动植物的兴趣，匹配合适的展览 / 博物馆场所 Passage 3 The Loess Plateau 阅读理解 说明文 200 介绍中国黄土高原环境受损情况及 “退耕还林” 工程的生态修复成果 Passage 4 Plants: more than we thought 完形填空 说明文 160 讲解植物自我保护、相互交流、拥有记忆的独特能力 Passage 5 Zhong Lin 任务型阅读 记叙文 220 讲述甘肃青年钟林投身家乡治沙、带动志愿者植树防沙的故事 Passage 6 词形填空 记叙文 140 记录学生完成树木主题科学项目的过程，传递环保理念 时文阅读 The Magic of Plants Plants are everywhere around us—from tall trees in forests to small flowers in gardens. They are not just beautiful to look at; they are essential for our survival. Without plants, life on Earth would not exist. Plants have many amazing abilities. They can make their own food through photosynthesis. Using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, they produce oxygen that humans and animals need to breathe. Trees are especially important fighters against air pollution. They absorb harmful gases and release clean oxygen into the air. Many things in our daily lives come from plants. We eat fruits, vegetables, and grains that grow from plants. Paper, pencils, and even some clothes are made from plant materials. Tea and coffee, which people love to drink, also come from plants. In addition, plants can make our environment more comfortable. They keep the air cool in summer and prevent soil erosion. However, plants are facing threats too. People cut down millions of trees every year for farming and building. Pollution from factories and cars damages plants’ health. We must protect plants by planting more trees, reducing pollution, and stopping deforestation. Let’s cherish every plant and thank them for supporting our lives. 【中文翻译】 植物遍布我们身边 —— 从森林里的高大树木到花园里的小小花朵。它们不仅好看，对我们的生存也至关重要。没有植物，地球上就不会有生命。 植物拥有许多神奇的能力。它们能通过光合作用制造自己的食物。利用阳光、水和二氧化碳，它们产生人类和动物呼吸所需的氧气。树木是对抗空气污染的重要战士，它们吸收有害气体，向空气中释放洁净的氧气。 我们日常生活中的许多东西都来自植物。我们吃的水果、蔬菜和谷物都生长自植物。纸、铅笔甚至一些衣服都是由植物材料制成的。人们喜爱的茶和咖啡也来自植物。此外，植物能让我们的环境更舒适，它们在夏天降温，还能防止水土流失。 然而，植物也面临着威胁。人们每年为了耕种和建筑砍伐数百万棵树。工厂和汽车的污染损害了植物的健康。我们必须通过多植树、减少污染和停止森林砍伐来保护植物。让我们珍惜每一株植物，感谢它们为我们的生命提供支持。 【长难句分析】 1.原句：Using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide, they produce oxygen that humans and animals need to breathe. 拆分：①现在分词作状语（Using sunlight...）+ 主句（they produce oxygen）+ 定语从句（that humans...breathe） 解析：using 引导方式状语，表 “利用……”；that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 oxygen，在从句中作 need 的宾语；“need to do sth.” 意为 “需要做某事”。 译文：利用阳光、水和二氧化碳，它们产生人类和动物呼吸所需的氧气。 2.原句：We must protect plants by planting more trees, reducing pollution, and stopping deforestation. 拆分：①主句（We must protect plants）+ 方式状语（by planting...stopping...） 解析：by 引出保护植物的方式，后接三个并列的动名词短语（planting.../reducing.../stopping...）；“deforestation” 是七年级重点拓展词汇，意为 “森林砍伐”。 译文：我们必须通过多植树、减少污染和停止森林砍伐来保护植物。 【重难词汇梳理】 词汇 词性 汉语翻译 essential adj. 必不可少的；关键的 survival n. 生存 photosynthesis n. 光合作用 sunlight n. 阳光 carbon dioxide n. 二氧化碳 oxygen n. 氧气 absorb v. 吸收 harmful adj. 有害的 release v. 释放 grain n. 谷物；粮食 erosion n. 侵蚀；流失 threat n. 威胁 cherish v. 珍惜；爱护 Passage 1实战演练 The Tree Doctor Dr. Chen, 1 has saved over 1,000 ancient trees in China, is called “the tree doctor”. He 2 special injections to treat sick trees since 2008. Old trees 3 diseases just like humans. Dr. Chen’s team 4 each tree’s “medical record”. They 5 the treatment until the tree recovers. “These trees 6 our green heritage,” says Dr. Chen. In his book The Whisper of Trees, he teaches 7 to care for urban trees. Many cities 8 his methods to protect their oldest trees. The 300-year-old gingko 9 by Dr. Chen in 2020 now grows vigorously. Its survival 10 people that every tree deserves protection. 1．A．who B．which C．whose 2．A．develops B．developed C．has developed 3．A．get B．gets C．got 4．A．keep B．keeps C．kept 5．A．repeat B．repeats C．repeated 6．A．is B．are C．was 7．A．when B．how C．what 8．A．adopt B．adopts C．have adopted 9．A．save B．saved C．was saved 10．A．remind B．reminds C．reminded 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了陈医生被誉为“树木医生”，多年来救治上千棵古树，研发药剂、建立病历、坚持治疗。他倡导保护古树这一绿色遗产，其方法被多地采用，救活的古树也提醒人们要爱护树木。 1．句意：陈医生已经在中国拯救了一千多棵古树，被称为“树木医生”。 此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是Dr. Chen（指人），关系词在从句中作主语，因此选who；which指代物，whose在从句中作定语，均不符合。 2．句意：自2008年起，他研发出了治疗病树的特殊注射疗法。 时间状语since 2008是现在完成时的标志，结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语是he，因此选has developed。 3．句意：老树和人类一样会生病。 句子表述客观规律，用一般现在时，主语Old trees是复数，因此谓语用动词原形get。 4．句意：陈医生的团队为每棵树留存“病历”。 表述经常性的动作，用一般现在时，根据后一句主语“they”可知，其指代“Dr. Chen’s team”，即空处强调团队的成员，故谓语动词用原形。 5．句意：他们会反复治疗，直到树木康复。 从句until the tree recovers用了一般现在时，主句也用一般现在时，主语They是复数，因此谓语用动词原形repeat。 6．句意：“这些古树是我们的绿色遗产，”陈医生说。 主语These trees是复数，表述一般情况，用一般现在时，因此be动词选are。 7．句意：在他的著作《树语》中，他教大众如何照料城市树木。 此处表示照顾树木的“方式、方法”，因此选how。 8．句意：许多城市已经采用他的方法保护古树。 表示“很多城市已经采用了他的方法”，这个动作对现在造成影响，用现在完成时，主语Many cities是复数，因此选have adopted。 9．句意：这棵2020年被陈医生救治的300年树龄的银杏树，现在长势茂盛。 句子的主句谓语是grows，空格处作后置定语修饰gingko，表示“被陈医生救治的银杏树”，用过去分词saved表被动完成，若选was saved会出现双谓语的语法错误。 10．句意：它的存活提醒人们：每一棵树都值得被保护。 主语Its survival是单数概念，表述客观事实用一般现在时，因此谓语用第三人称单数reminds。 Passage 2 配对阅读。左栏是五位学生对动植物的需求， 右栏是相关展览或博物馆的信息。请为每一位学生推荐最适合他们需求的地方。并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 1 Tom loves the beautiful colors on butterfly wings. He really wants to understand how they become so beautiful. 2 Lily is a big fan of fish. She is interested in all kinds of fishes. She wants to know if there are any fish living without water? 3 Jack likes desert plants and he finds they can live with almost no rain. He wants to learn about their special ways to live. 4 Mike enjoys ocean animals, especially sharks. He wants to see real shark teeth closer. 5 Ben is interested in noisy rainforest. He not only wants to see the animals in it but also hear them. A．Sea Animal Discovery. Sharks swim fast with strong tails. They have scary teeth. Explore real shark teeth—they are as hard as stones. B．Jungle Adventure. Walk into an unreal rainforest. Put on headphones and listen to the sounds—monkeys talking, birds calling. C． Aquatic Museum. Interested in strange things in the water? Here you can find out a special kind of fish living without water and breathe air. D．Nature Garden. Go into a magic garden and watch butterflies of all colors flying in the flowers. Learn how they grow from a little egg. E. Space Science Center. Come and watch the special vegetables. Because they are from the space. Then you will know how scientists plant them in the space. F. Insect Museum. All mosquitoes have six long, thin legs. But did you see its long wings? Come here and see the world’s largest mosquito. G. Cactus House. Visit the hot desert. See how desert plants live with little water. Look at their stems, roots and leaves. You will learn about how they live in very hot places. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是针对不同学生的动植物需求，匹配合适的展览或博物馆。 1．根据“Tom loves the beautiful colors on butterfly wings. He really wants to understand how they become so beautiful.”可知，Tom喜欢蝴蝶翅膀上美丽的颜色，他真的很想弄清楚它们为什么会变得如此美丽。选项D“自然花园。走进一个神奇的花园，观看各种颜色的蝴蝶在花丛中翩翩起舞。了解它们是如何从一个小小的卵中成长起来的”与之匹配，故选D。 2．根据“Lily is a big fan of fish. She is interested in all kinds of fishes. She wants to know if there are any fish living without water?”可知，Lily非常喜欢鱼，她对各种鱼类都感兴趣，她想知道有没有鱼可以在没有水的情况下生存，选项C“水生博物馆。对水中的奇特生物感兴趣吗？在这里，你可以发现一种特殊类型的鱼，它们无需水生活，而是呼吸空气”与之匹配，故选C。 3．根据“Jack likes desert plants and he finds they can live with almost no rain. He wants to learn about their special ways to live.”可知，Jack喜欢沙漠植物，他发现这些植物几乎不需要雨水就能生存，他想了解它们独特的生存方式。选项G“仙人掌屋。探访炎热的沙漠。观察沙漠植物如何在缺水环境中生存。仔细观察它们的茎、根和叶。你将了解它们如何在极端炎热的环境中生存”与之匹配。故选G。 4．根据“Mike enjoys ocean animals, especially sharks. He wants to see real shark teeth closer.”可知，Mike喜欢海洋动物，尤其是鲨鱼，他想更近距离地观察真正的鲨鱼牙齿。选项A“海洋动物探索。鲨鱼凭借强壮的尾巴游得很快。它们长着吓人的牙齿。仔细观察真正的鲨鱼牙齿——它们坚硬如石”与之匹配，故选A。 5．根据“Ben is interested in noisy rainforest. He not only wants to see the animals in it but also hear them.”可知，Ben对喧闹的热带雨林感兴趣，他不仅想看到其中的动物，还想听到它们的声音。选项B“丛林冒险。踏入一片如梦似幻的热带雨林。戴上耳机，聆听其中的声音——猴子的叫声，鸟儿的鸣唱”与之匹配，故选B。 Passage 3 The Loess Plateau (黄土高原) in China was once one of the most environmentally damaged (环境受损的) places in the world. A plateau is a high, flat area. This area is larger than France and home to over 100 million people. In the past, people farmed, let animals eat grass, and cut down trees. These activities made it hard to grow crops there. Now, a new study shows that a project called Grain for Green (退耕还林) has helped fix (解决) the problem. The project began in 1999. Grain for Green did several things. It stopped people from cutting down trees and letting animals eat too much grass. It also gave farmers money to plant trees and grass. By 2016, about 30,000 square kilometers of land were turned into forests and grasslands. And the amount of plant life grew by 25%. As a result, animals and birds started to come back. “When the environment got better, many birds returned,” said Yan Rufeng, an expert on the environment. Not all local people wanted to make the changes, ________. The land is now the lively home for plants and animals. It teaches the world a lesson: damaged ecosystems (生态系统) can be brought back to life. This success has made local people’s lives better. It also sets the world a good example of how to fix the damaged environment. 1．What do we know about today’s Loess Plateau in China? ①It’s as large as France.                 ②There are many plants there. ③Over 100 million people live there.      ④It’s badly environmentally damaged. A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．②④ 2．What made it hard to grow crops on the Loess Plateau in the past? A．The poor earth. B．The bad weather. C．The shortage of water. D．The people’s activities. 3．Which of the following statements about the Grain for Green project is TRUE? A．It started in 2016. B．It doesn’t stop people from cutting down more trees. C．It helped turn about 30,000 square kilometers of land into forests and grasslands by 2016. D．It made the amount of plant life decrease (降低) by 25%. 4．Which of the following can be put in the ________? A．so the project was stopped B．and the project finally failed C．but the project worked well D．for the project was too difficult 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Damaged environment returns to full health. B．The world learns from Chinese farmers. C．The Grain for Green project works quickly. D．Local people’s lives change greatly. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国黄土高原过去因人类活动而环境严重受损，通过1999年启动的“退耕还林”工程，成功恢复了生态系统，使土地重新焕发生机。 1．第一段提到“home to over 100 million people”，说明③正确。第四段提到“The land is now the lively home for plants and animals”，说明现在植物丰富，②正确。 2．第二段提到“In the past, people farmed, let animals eat grass, and cut down trees. These activities made it hard to grow crops there.”，说明过去人们的人类活动导致难以种植作物。 3．第三段提到“By 2016, about 30,000 square kilometers of land were turned into forests and grasslands.”，到2016年，它已使约3万平方公里的土地变成了森林和草原，因此C正确。 4．第四段开头“Not all local people wanted to make the changes”，后文描述现在土地充满生机并成为世界榜样，说明项目效果很好，因此用“but the project worked well”转折。 5．全文讲述了黄土高原从环境严重受损到通过“退耕还林”工程恢复生态的过程，因此最佳标题是“受损的环境恢复健康”。 Passage 4 Plants: more than we thought Plants are amazing! In the past, there were some ideas that plants had feelings and could act like people. But now, new studies show that plants are 1 in their own ways. Protecting (保护) themselves One way is how plants protect themselves. For example, when worms eat them, tomato plants can make their leaves taste 2 with a special juice. This can even make the worms eat each other! Corn (玉米) plants can check what worms leave behind and then use that information to 3 a bee to hunt the worms. Plant communication Plants can also talk to each other. They mainly use special air. There are small 4 on plants that look like little fish mouths under a microscope. These things let out air with information. When a plant has problems, like being eaten or hurt by the wind, it sends a “call”. Other plants close to it can get this “call” and get ready to stay safe. Plant memory Do plants have memory? One example is the “memory of winter”. Many fruit trees need to “remember” the 5 of cold days in winter to blossom in spring. They remember the cold and warm days to stop flowering too early during a warm time in winter. Now, when we look at plants in a park, we can think of them as little “strangers” (陌生人) with their own “stories” going on all around. We don’t know if they feel pain (疼痛), but they 6 touch or respond to being eaten, even though they don’t feel pain like we do. 1．A．dangerous B．strange C．important D．unusual 2．A．ill B．bad C．badly D．delicious 3．A．call B．invite C．attract D．send 4．A．treetops B．spots C．openings D．marks 5．A．number B．days C．time D．length 6．A．avoid B．ignore C．dislike D．sense 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．D 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了植物自我保护、交流和记忆等方面的独特能力，展现了植物比我们想象中更神奇。 1．句意：但现在，新的研究表明植物以它们自己独特的方式生存。 “in their own ways”表示植物以它们自己独特的方式生存，应选用unusual，表示 “独特的”。dangerous“危险的”，strange“奇怪的”，important“重要的”均不符合语境。 2．句意：例如，当虫子吃它们时，番茄植物可以用一种特殊的汁液使它们的叶子味道变差。 后文提到番茄植物可以用一种特殊的汁液使它们的叶子味道变差，让虫子互相吃，bad“差的”符合语境，形容词作表语。ill“生病的”，badly“非常”，delicious“美味的”均不符合语境。 3．句意：玉米植物可以检查虫子留下的东西，然后利用这些信息叫蜜蜂来捕猎虫子。 “a bee to hunt the worms.”提示是叫蜜蜂来捕猎虫子，call“叫”符合语境，此处是拟人用法。invite“邀请”，attract“吸引”，send“发送”均不符合语境。 4．句意：在显微镜下，植物上有一些看起来像小鱼嘴的小开口。 “on plants that look like little fish mouths under a microscope”提示植物上有一些看起来像小鱼嘴的小开口，openings“开口”符合语境。treetops“树顶”，spots“地点”，marks“标记”均不符合语境。 5．句意：许多果树需要“记住”冬天寒冷的天数，才能在春天开花。 “of cold days in winter to blossom in spring.”提示是记住冬天寒冷的天数，number“数量”符合语境，the number of“……的数量”。days“天”，time“时间”，length“长度”均不符合语境。 6．句意：我们不知道它们是否会感到疼痛，但它们能感觉到触摸或对被吃掉做出反应，即使它们不会像我们一样感到疼痛。 “touch or respond to being eaten”提示是能感觉到触摸或对被吃掉做出反应，sense“感觉”符合语境。avoid“避免”，ignore“忽视”，dislike“不喜欢”均不符合语境。 Passage 5 Read the passage and complete the tasks. (根据短文内容完成任务。) Zhong Lin, a young man born in 1998 in Minqin County, Gansu, has been working on desert control in his hometown since 2022. Minqin is surrounded by two big deserts on three sides. Sandstorms were a deep memory of his childhood. His father and other elders’ spirit of fighting desertification influenced him a lot —sandstorms even ruined their family’s honeydew melon crops. In 2020, when Zhong Lin was a college sophomore, he decided to do desert control. He first tried to plant 500 saxaul seedlings, but most died because he had no experience. In 2022, he came back with money from his online business. He learned from old farmers, watched the desert’s weather, and used scientific ways like proper watering. Finally, 90% of the seedlings lived. In 2024, Zhong Lin joined a TV show. He planted 180,000 seedlings with volunteers. His story became popular online. Then he started a volunteer activity, “Come to Minqin to Plant a Tree”. Over 41,000 people joined, including college students and old people. His team also used money from selling local things online to help with desert control. Up to now, Zhong Lin’s team has planted 1.52 million sand plants on 4,500 mu of desert. With long-term work, Minqin has built 300-kilometer windbreak forests. Zhong Lin said trees bring hope. ____________________ Task 1:Answer the questions. 1．What made Zhong Lin decide to do desert control? 2．Why did Zhong Lin fail in his first try of planting saxaul seedlings? 3．How did Zhong Lin make more seedlings live in 2022? 4．What did Zhong Lin do after his story became popular online? 5．What is the “industry feeding back to desertification control” way? Task 2: 6．Based on Zhong Lin’s experience, write his idea about trees and his future plan. Write sentences in about 20 words. 【答案】1．Childhood sandstorms and elders’ desert control spirit. 2．Because he had no experience in planting saxaul seedlings. 3．He learned from elders, watched weather and used scientific ways. 4．He started the volunteer activity “Come to Minqin to Plant a Tree”. 5．His team used the money from the online business to support desert control. 6．He believes trees bring hope to dry lands. He will keep fighting desertification and inspire more young people to join. 【导语】本文主要讲述了以钟林的例子展现了过去和现在治沙生活的变化。 1．首段明确提到“Sandstorms were a deep memory of his childhood”以及“His father and other elders’ spirit of fighting desertification influenced him a lot”，这是原文直接给出的原因信息，童年的沙尘暴和长辈们的治沙精神影响了他。 2．第二段指出“most died because he had no experience”，这是原文直接信息，他第一次种植梭梭苗失败是因为没有经验。 3．第二段提到“He learned from old farmers, watched the desert’s weather, and used scientific ways like right watering”，这是 2022 年他让更多幼苗存活的方法，他向老农学习、观察天气并使用科学方法。 4．第三段提到“Then he started a volunteer activity, ‘Come to Minqin to Plant a Tree’”，这是他的故事在网上走红后所做的事情，他发起了一项志愿者活动。 5．第三段提到“His team also used money from selling local things online to help with desert control”，这是“产业反哺治沙”方式的具体信息，他的团队用网上销售当地物品的收入来支持治沙。 6．结尾段提到“Zhong Lin said trees bring hope”并结合全文他持续治沙及号召志愿者的行动，这是对树木意义的理解及未来计划的信息，他认为树木带来希望，并将继续治沙事业并号召更多年轻人加入。 Passage 6 Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms.(用所给单词的适当形式完成短文，使其内容通顺。) Last month, our science teacher asked us to do a project about trees. First, we needed to collect some data. We went to the local park and did a careful 1 (analyse) of the soil and water there. We found that the freshwater lake was clean, but the trees nearby 2 (look) dry. We were 3 (luck) to meet a worker there. He was very kind and answered our questions with humour. He made us laugh while we learned. He told us that being a ranger is not just walking in the woods; it requires a lot of knowledge. For example, they need to know which plants are safe and which ones are 4 (danger). After the trip, we wrote a report. In the report, we suggested that people should eat more vegetables and maybe try to become 5 (vegetarian) once a week. This is because raising animals for meat usually uses more land and water than growing plants. Our teacher was very happy with our work. She said our report was 6 (true) meaningful. She encouraged us to share our 7 (find). So, we designed some posters and posted them on the office notice board. We hope to raise people’s awareness. Although the work was hard, we felt a sense of 8 (achieve). We realized that every small action can lead to a 9 (beauty) world. It is our duty to keep the earth green and 10 (health). 【答案】 1．analysis 2．looked 3．lucky 4．dangerous 5．vegetarians 6．truly 7．findings 8．achievement 9．beautiful 10．healthy 【导语】本文讲述了作者上月与同学完成关于树木的科学项目的过程，通过实地考察、数据分析、报告撰写和海报宣传，强调了环保行动的意义与责任感。 1．句意：我们去当地公园对那里的土壤和水进行了仔细的分析。不定冠词“a”和形容词“careful”后需接可数名词单数形式。“analyse”为动词，其名词形式为“analysis”。 2．句意：我们发现淡水湖是干净的，但附近的树木看起来很干。句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，look的过去式为looked。 3．句意：我们很幸运在那里遇到了一位工作人员。系动词“were”后需接形容词作表语，描述主语的状态。“luck”为名词，其形容词形式为“lucky”，意为“幸运的”。 4．句意：他们需要知道哪些植物是安全的，哪些是危险的。系动词“are”后需接形容词作表语。“danger”为名词，其形容词形式为“dangerous”，意为“危险的”。 5．句意：我们建议人们多吃蔬菜，也许可以尝试每周成为素食主义者一次。根据句意，此处指“成为素食主义者”，需用名词“vegetarian”，此处为复数形式vegetarians泛指一类人。 6．句意：她说我们的报告真正有意义。修饰形容词“meaningful”，需用副词形式，表示“真正地”。“true”的副词形式为“truly”。 7．句意：她鼓励我们分享我们的发现。形容词性物主代词“our”后需接名词作宾语。“find”为动词，其名词形式“finding”常用复数形式findings，表示“调查发现”。 8．句意：虽然工作很辛苦，但我们感到一种成就感。“a sense of”后需接名词，表示“……感”。“achieve”为动词，其名词形式为“achievement”。 9．句意：我们意识到每一个小小的行动都能带来一个更美好的世界。不定冠词“a”和名词“world”之间需用形容词作定语。“beauty”为名词，其形容词形式为“beautiful”。 10．句意：保持地球绿色和健康是我们的责任。形容词“green”与“and”连接，此处需用形容词作宾语补足语。“health”为名词，其形容词形式为“healthy”。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $