精品解析：陕西安康市汉滨区汉滨初级中学2026年陕西省初中学业水平全真模拟演练 英语

试卷类型：A 2026年陕西省初中学业水平全真模拟演练 英 语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分为第一部分 (听力) 和第二部分 (笔试) 。全卷共8页，总分120分。考试时间120分钟。 2. 领到试卷和答题卡后，请用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔，分别在试卷和答题卡上填写姓名和准考证号，同时用2B铅笔在答题卡上填涂对应的试卷类型信息点 (A或B) 。 3. 请在答题卡上各题的指定区域内作答，否则作答无效。 4. 考试结束，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 (听力 共30分) Ⅰ. 听选答案 (共15小题，计20分) 第一节：听下面10段对话，每段对话后有一个问题，读两遍。请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出问题的正确答案。 (共10小题，计10分) 1. A. The suona. B. The erhu. C. The guitar. 2. A. Sleeping. B. Doing his homework. C. Watching TV. 3. A. Tired. B. Worried. C. Nervous. 4. A. At 4: 00. B. At 4: 15. C. At 4: 30. 5. A. To the park. B. To Tina’s home. C. To the classroom. 6. A. 355277. B. 354777. C. 352177. 7. A. Once a month. B. Once a week. C. Every day. 8. A. Doctor and patient. B. Teacher and student. C. Customer and waitress. 9. A. The food. B. The weather. C. The festival. 10. A. For two weeks. B. For three weeks. C. For four weeks. 第二节：听下面两段独白，每段独白后有几道小题。请根据独白的内容，从题目所给的三个选项中选出问题的正确答案。每段独白读两遍。 (共5小题，计10分) 听独白，回答小题。 11. What does Luca like to do? A. Make apps. B. Listen to music. C. Collect postcards. 12. What is the speaker’s suggestion? A. Spend more time on hobbies. B. Try a new hobby. C. Balance studies and hobbies. 听独白，回答小题。 13. How did the students review the words in yesterday’s English class? A. By watching a video. B. By playing games. C. By looking at word cards. 14. What did the students do after looking at some pictures? A. They sang a song. B. They drew some pictures. C. They made some sentences. 15. How did Jenny like the class? A. Interesting. B. Difficult. C. Special. Ⅱ. 听填信息 (共5小题，计10分) 本题你将听到一段独白，读两遍。请根据独白内容，用所听到的信息完成下列各题。 (每空不超过三个单词。) 16. You need to ________ special glasses to see and visit places around the world. 17. VR travelling can help protect popular places from ________. 18. VR can also take us back to ancient times or to the outer ________. 19. VR travelling almost makes everything ________. 20. Emily Harper said, “It lets me visit places that might be hard to reach in ________.” 第二部分 (笔试 共90分) Ⅲ. 完形填空 (共20小题，计20分) 第一节： 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 I have many teapots (茶壶) . Among them, ____1____ least likely to use Grandma’s teapot when serving tea to my friends. It’s not beautiful in any way. The flowers on it look like ____2____ made by a child. But when my ____3____ daughter and I “take tea”, I choose Grandma’s teapot every time. Today, we had a “tea” party again. When drinking our chocolate milk “tea”, my daughter said, “____4____ teapot! It’s Grandma’s, isn’t it?” “Well, actually, this is my grandma’s— your great-grandma’s teapot,” I said. She frowned (皱眉) , trying ____5____ a woman she had never met. Then I showed her the picture of my grandma and told her that when I was a child, I ____6____ many of my weekends visiting Grandma and Grandpa. Grandma loved to have tea parties. She served us tea with this teapot. At the party, the family members talked about the past. I heard stories about ____7____ from the UK to the US, how they fed hens to make ____8____ living, and so on. I always knew Grandma’s teapot had a special place in my collection, but when I told my daughter the stories, I had an even ____9____ understanding of why it is important. It is full of stories that connect my family of today ____10____ my family of yesterday. 1. A. I’m B. I’am C. i am D. Am I 2. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 3. A. four years old B. four year old C. four-years-old D. four-year-old 4. A. What a nice B. What nice C. How a nice D. How nice 5. A. to send B. send C. to picture D. picture 6. A. spend B. spent C. am spending D. have spent 7. A. if they travelled B. if did they travel C. how they travelled D. how did they travel 8. A. an B. the C. / D. a 9. A. good B. well C. better D. best 10. A. for B. with C. in D. about 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者有许多茶壶，但外婆的茶壶虽不漂亮却最珍贵。作者用它和女儿喝茶，并讲述家族故事，从而理解了这把茶壶连接着家族的过去与现在。 【1题详解】 句意：其中，我最不可能用外婆的茶壶给朋友倒茶。 空格作主语，应用主格I，其后用be动词am，I am构成主谓结构，且句首字母需大写，缩写为I’m。I’am拼写错误，i am首字母未大写，Am I语序错误。 【2题详解】 句意：上面的花朵看起来像是小孩画的什么东西。 肯定句中表示“某物”，应用something。anything用于否定或疑问句，everything“一切”，nothing“什么都没有”，均不符合语境。 【3题详解】 句意：但当我四岁的女儿和我一起“喝茶”时，我每次都选外婆的茶壶。 “数词+名词”作定语修饰名词daughter，需用连字符连接且名词用单数，应选用four-year-old。four years old作表语，four year old语法错误，four-years-old中year不应加s。 【4题详解】 句意：喝着我们的巧克力牛奶“茶”，女儿说：“多好的茶壶啊！是外婆的，对吗？” 感叹句修饰可数名词单数teapot，应用“What + a/an + 形容词 + 名词”的结构，nice以辅音音素开头，应用What a nice。 【5题详解】 句意：她皱起眉头，试图想象一个她从未见过的女人。 try to do sth表示“试图做某事”，应用不定式，且picture作动词表示“想象、描绘”，应选用to picture。to send“发送”不符合语境，send原形，picture原形，均不符合搭配。 【6题详解】 句意：然后我给她看了我外婆的照片，告诉她当我还是个孩子的时候，我很多个周末都是在外婆和爷爷家度过的。 根据时间状语when I was a child，描述过去的事情用一般过去时，应选用过去式spent。spend为原形，用于一般现在时，am spending为现在进行时，have spent为现在完成时，均不符合时态要求。 【7题详解】 句意：我听到了他们是如何从英国旅行到美国的故事，他们如何养母鸡谋生等等。 宾语从句应用陈述语序，且表示方式应用how引导。if they travelled为陈述语序但表“是否”；if did they travel语序错误；how did they travel语序错误。 【8题详解】 句意：我听到了他们是如何从英国旅行到美国的故事，他们如何养母鸡谋生等等。 make a living是固定短语，表示“谋生”，应用不定冠词a。an用于元音音素前，the表示特指，零冠词不符合搭配。 【9题详解】 句意：我一直知道外婆的茶壶在我的收藏中有一个特殊的位置，但当我给女儿讲这些故事时，我甚至更好地理解了它为什么重要。 根据even表示程度加深，应用比较级better，修饰understanding。good为原级，well为副词原级，best为最高级，均不符合语境。 【10题详解】 句意：它充满了连接今天我的家人和昨天我的家人的故事。 connect...with...是固定搭配，表示“将……与……连接起来”，应选用with。for、in、about均不符合搭配。 第二节： 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 If you are the principal (校长) of your school, what do you want to do? Now, forty-three students from Songjiang Experimental Middle School can become “student ____11____ ” for one day. Let’s look at ____12____ students’ diaries! Zhang Jiahao, 13 That day, I, together with other student principals and our real principal, walked around our school in the ____13____. We went to the sports field and students’ dorms (宿舍). And we found that many of them didn’t do morning exercises. We wrote it down and talked about how to ____14____ this problem. Taking part in the meeting as “principals” was the best part. It was a ____15____ to talk about the work of the school over the week. A principal really has lots of things to do. It is not an easy job. Liu Yuexin, 14 On the morning of the big day, we ____16____ our parents to walked around the school with principals, ____17____ they came to help us check the school. While checking, we found that there was a ____18____ party in a class. They sang the birthday song, played some interesting games and ate cakes. How happy they were! After checking, I knew that my classroom wasn’t ____19____. On that day, we made some suggestions to make our school better. For example, we think students should keep their school things tidy. These are small things, but they make a big ____20____. 11. A. policemen B. guides C. principals D. workers 12. A. five B. two C. three D. four 13. A. evening B. afternoon C. noon D. morning 14. A. deal with B. give out C. take off D. count down 15. A. notice B. skill C. meeting D. journey 16. A. showed B. provided C. welcomed D. decided 17. A. unless B. because C. if D. although 18. A. family B. birthday C. community D. New Year 19. A. clean B. dirty C. cheap D. comfortable 20. A. holiday B. project C. decision D. difference 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. C 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文通过两名学生担任“一日校长”的日记，介绍了他们参与学校管理、发现问题和提出建议的经历，表达了即使是小事也能带来大改变的道理。 【11题详解】 句意：现在，松江实验中学的43名学生可以担任一天的“学生校长”。 根据语境，学生扮演的是校长的角色，应选用principals表示“校长”。policemen“警察”、guides“导游”、workers“工人”均不符合语境。 【12题详解】 句意：让我们来看看两名学生的日记吧！ 下文分别介绍了13岁的张嘉豪和14岁的刘玥昕的日记，共两名学生，应选用two。five“五”、three“三”、four“四”均不符合语境。 【13题详解】 句意：那天，我和其他学生校长以及我们的真校长在早晨一起逛了校园。 根据下文提到做早操，可知是早晨，应选用morning表示“早晨”。evening“晚上”、afternoon“下午”、noon“中午”均不符合语境。 【14题详解】 句意：我们把它记下来，讨论如何处理这个问题。 根据语境，学生发现很多人不做早操，需要想办法处理这个问题，应选用deal with表示“处理”。give out“分发”、take off“脱下、起飞”、count down“倒计时”均不符合语境。 【15题详解】 句意：这是一个讨论学校一周工作的会议。 根据上文“Taking part in the meeting as ‘principals’”，可知这是一次会议，应选用meeting表示“会议”。notice“通知”、skill“技能”、journey“旅程”均不符合语境。 【16题详解】 句意：在那个重要日子的早晨，我们欢迎家长和校长一起参观校园，因为他们来帮忙检查学校。 根据下文，家长来帮忙检查学校，可知学生是欢迎家长的到来，应选用welcomed表示“欢迎”。showed“展示”、provided“提供”、decided“决定”均不符合语境。 【17题详解】 句意：在那个重要日子的早晨，我们欢迎家长和校长一起参观校园，因为他们来帮忙检查学校。 前后为因果关系：家长来是因为他们帮忙检查学校，应用because表示“因为”。unless“除非”、if“如果”、although“虽然”均不符合逻辑。 【18题详解】 句意：检查时，我们发现一个班级在举办生日派对。 根据下文“唱生日歌、玩游戏、吃蛋糕”，可知是生日派对，应选用birthday表示“生日”。family“家庭”、community“社区”、New Year“新年”均不符合语境。 【19题详解】 句意：检查之后，我知道我的教室并不干净。 根据下文建议学生保持学习用品整洁，可知他们发现教室不够干净，应选用clean表示“干净的”。dirty“脏的”、cheap“便宜的”、comfortable“舒适的”均不符合语境。 【20题详解】 句意：这些虽然是小事情，但它们能带来大改变。 but表示转折，表示“事虽小，但可以带来大的改变”，make a big difference是固定短语，表示“带来大改变”，应选用difference。holiday“假期”、project“项目”、decision“决定”均不符合语境。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解 (共15小题，计20分) 第一节： 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jia Mingxuan, a 14-year-old Chinese boy from Inner Mongolia, won a top honor with his own creation in Germany. His idea grew from his childhood experiences in Chifeng. ____21____ The program forested many deserts. However, with a little rainfall in a whole year, it’s slow, costly and sometimes even impossible to water all the trees by people. The chance knocked when his science teacher asked the class to create something. ____22____ One evening, he saw steam condensing (蒸汽冷凝) into water drops on the wall of the kitchen. He remembered what he learned at school and asked himself: “Could I use this to water trees?” ____23____ It collects water steam from the air and turns it into water with the help of the temperature difference. Then the water will drop to the roots (根) of a tree. Jia tried his best for the idea. Sometimes he woke up at 4 a. m. , hurrying home to try out the things he made and hurrying back for his everyday classes. ____24____ That is to turn his small idea into a useful tool in China’s fight against desertification (沙漠化) . He said, “I need to study harder. ____25____” A. With more knowledge, I can make better things. B. It is a key area in China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (三北防护林工程) . C. The idea came in an unusual place—his family kitchen. D. His goal is very clear. E. His hand-made creation can water young trees by itself. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. E 24. D 25. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了内蒙古14岁男孩贾明轩凭借自己的发明在德国获奖的故事，讲述了他的发明灵感来源、工作原理以及未来目标。 【21题详解】 前文提到他的想法源于在赤峰的童年经历，后文提到该工程绿化了许多沙漠，此处需要说明赤峰的地理位置重要性。选项B“It is a key area in China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program”点明赤峰是三北防护林工程的关键区域，与前后文衔接自然。 【22题详解】 前文提到科学老师要求全班创作东西，后文描述他在厨房看到蒸汽冷凝成水滴并产生灵感，此处需要说明灵感来源的地点。选项C“The idea came in an unusual place—his family kitchen”点明想法来自他家的厨房，与后文“一天晚上，他看到厨房墙上蒸汽冷凝成水滴”形成呼应。 【23题详解】 后文详细描述了他的发明如何收集空气中的水蒸气并利用温差转化为水滴到树根，此处需要概括发明的功能。选项E“His hand-made creation can water young trees by itself”点明他手工制作的发明可以自动浇灌小树，作为本段主题句总领后文的具体原理说明。 【24题详解】 前文描述他为发明付出努力，有时凌晨4点起床赶回家试验作品，后文提到将他的小想法变成中国对抗沙漠化的有用工具，此处需要说明他的目标很明确。选项D“His goal is very clear”点明他的目标非常清晰，与前后文逻辑连贯。 【25题详解】 前文提到他需要更努力学习，此处需要说明努力学习的目的。选项A“With more knowledge, I can make better things”点明有了更多知识就能做出更好的东西，与前文“我需要更努力学习”形成因果关系，作为全文结尾自然合理。 第二节： 阅读下面A、B、C三篇材料，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。 (共10小题，计15分) A Choose Healthy Plants Buy young tomato plants Look for green plants, no flowers, 8 inches tall Avoid thin, yellow, or weak stems (茎) Pick the Right Place Sunny place, protected from strong wind Rich soil Planting Plant in spring Dig a large hole for each plant Use a cage or stick to support the plant & keep tomatoes away from insects (昆虫) Water & Care Give regular (定期的) water, and don’t let the soil dry Cut off the top after 4 flower clusters (簇) to focus energy on fruit Harvest Each plant: 3 feet wide, 4 feet tall produces about 4 pounds of tomatoes 26. A plant with ________ is a healthy tomato plant to choose. A. yellow leaves and weak stems B. many flowers and thin stems C. no flowers, about 8 inches tall D. dry leaves and no green parts 27. According to the text, when is the best time to plant tomato plants? A. In January. B. In April. C. In September. D. In July. 28. Why should you cut off the top after 4 flower clusters? A. To make the plant look nicer. B. To focus energy on fruit production. C. To keep insects from attacking the plant. D. To let more water get to the roots. 【答案】26. C 27. B 28. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了种植番茄的完整步骤，包括挑选健康幼苗、选址、种植、养护与收获的方法与注意事项。 【26题详解】 第一部分“Choose Healthy Plants”明确提到“Look for green plants, no flowers, 8 inches tall”，同时说明要避免细弱、发黄的茎，因此“no flowers, about 8 inches tall”符合健康番茄苗的特征。 【27题详解】 第三部分“Planting”中写明“Plant in spring”，四月（April）属于春季，符合最佳种植时间。 【28题详解】 第四部分“Water & Care”中说明“Cut off top after 4 flower clusters (簇) to focus energy on fruit”，直接表明剪掉顶部的目的是将养分集中到果实生长上。 B In a quiet corner of a busy city street in Brooklyn, New York, there is a special fridge. It’s not in a kitchen or a supermarket. It stands on the sidewalk, open for everyone 24 hours a day. It is a “community fridge”, and its rule is simple: “ ▲ ” The idea started during a difficult time when many people lost their jobs and had trouble buying enough food. A group of neighbors decided to do something to help. They put a second-hand fridge outside and filled it with fresh vegetables, fruit, milk, and bread. Anyone who was hungry could come and take food for free, without having to ask or feel shy. Local restaurants, bakeries, and families also help. Instead of throwing away good food that they don’t sell or eat, they put it in the community fridge. This not only helps people who are in need but also reduces food waste. It’s a win-win idea. The community fridge has done more than just provide food. It has brought the community closer. People meet each other at the fridge. Some come to give food, and others come to take it. They stop and talk, sharing stories and smiles. A volunteer said, “It’s not just about food. It’s about being good neighbors and taking care of each other.” The project has been so successful that hundreds of similar community fridges have appeared in cities all over the world. 29. Which of the following can be put in the “ ▲ ”? A. Only leave food, never take any. B. Buy what you need, sell what you can. C. Take what you need, leave what you can. D. Take everything you want, leave nothing behind. 30. What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To describe what food is in the community fridge. B. To show how popular the community fridge is now. C. To tell readers how to use the community fridge correctly. D. To explain why and how the community fridge started. 31. What can we infer from the volunteer’s words in the last paragraph? A. The project builds a warm and caring community. B. The volunteer cares little about the food itself. C. The fridge only offers free food to poor people. D. Good neighbors always get along well with each other. 【答案】29. C 30. D 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了美国纽约布鲁克林区“社区冰箱”的起源、运作方式及其对社区产生的积极影响。 【29题详解】 第一段介绍了社区冰箱的规则。根据后文描述，人们可以免费取用食物，同时餐馆、面包店和家庭会将多余的食物放入冰箱。因此，规则应是“各取所需，各尽所能”，C选项“取你所需，留你所能”符合文意。 【30题详解】 第二段讲述了社区冰箱的起源：在很多人失业、买不起食物的困难时期，一群邻居决定帮忙，将一台二手冰箱放在户外并装满食物。因此本段的主要目的是解释社区冰箱的起源和运作方式。 【31题详解】 最后一段志愿者说“It’s not just about food. It’s about being good neighbors and taking care of each other.”，由此可推断，这个项目建立了一个温暖、互相关爱的社区。 C Dujiangyan is an ancient irrigation system in Sichuan, China. It was designed by Li Bing, a local governor, and built over 2, 200 years ago during the Qin Dynasty. Unlike modern dams, Dujiangyan has no walls to block water. Instead, it uses three main parts to control flooding and irrigate farmland. The first part is called the “Fish Mouth.” That’s because it looks like a fish’s mouth. It splits the Min River into two channels: an inner channel for irrigation and an outer channel for flood control. The second part is the “Flying Sand Fence.” It slows down the water and traps sediment, preventing clogging. The third part, the “Bottleneck Channel,” acts like a valve. It sends water smoothly into farmland. Dujiangyan solved two major problems in ancient Sichuan: floods and droughts. Before its construction, floods destroyed crops every summer. In winter, however, droughts dried up fields. Today, Dujiangyan is still in use. It irrigates over 5, 300 square kilometers of land, supporting six million people. In 2000, UNESCO named it a World Heritage Site for its “scientific and technological genius.” 32. The underlined word “splits” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A. connects B. divides C. heats D. disappears 33. Which part in the picture is the “Bottleneck Channel”? A. Part 1. B. Part 2. C. Part 3. D. Part 4. 34. What can we know from the passage? A. Dujiangyan is still working for people today. B. Dujiangyan has walls to block water like modern dams. C. Dujiangyan can only solve the problem of droughts. D. Dujiangyan irrigates over 5, 300 square meters of land. 35. What is the best title for the passage? A. Heritage Sites Around the World B. Famous Rivers in Sichuan Province C. A Great Ancient Irrigation System—Dujiangyan D. How to Control Sediment in Chinese History 【答案】32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国古代水利工程都江堰的设计者、建造时间、三大组成部分及其功能，以及它对古代和现代的重要意义。 【32题详解】 第二段提到“It splits the Min River into two channels: an inner channel for irrigation and an outer channel for flood control.”，根据上下文，“splits”指的是将岷江一分为二，因此意为“分开”，与“divides”同义。 【33题详解】 第二段介绍了都江堰的三个主要部分：鱼嘴 (Fish Mouth)、飞沙堰 (Flying Sand Fence) 和宝瓶口(Bottleneck Channel)。第三部分宝瓶口的功能是“sends water smoothly into farmland”。结合图片，Part 4位于内江通道的末端，连接灌溉区域，因此Part 4对应宝瓶口。 【34题详解】 第三段提到“Today, Dujiangyan is still in use.”，因此都江堰至今仍在发挥作用。第一段提到“Unlike modern dams, Dujiangyan has no walls to block water.”，因此都江堰没有像现代水坝那样的挡水墙，B错误；第三段提到“Dujiangyan solved two major problems in ancient Sichuan: floods and droughts.”，因此都江堰既能解决洪水问题，也能解决干旱问题，C错误；第三段提到“It irrigates over 5,300 square kilometers of land”，而不是5,300平方米，D错误。 【35题详解】 文章围绕都江堰这一古代水利工程展开，介绍了它的设计、结构、功能和历史意义，因此C选项“伟大的古代灌溉系统——都江堰”是最佳标题。 V. 完成句子： 根据图画情境及各题句意，按照句后括号中的英文提示要求，用单词 (不包含阿拉伯数字) 或短语完成下列英文句子。 36. Our school organized a voluntary activity on ________ 5th to honor Lei Feng. (One word) 【答案】the 【解析】 【详解】句意：我校于5日组织了一次表彰雷锋的志愿活动。句中5th是序数词，用来表示日期中的“5号”；序数词表示具体顺序、日期时，前面需要加定冠词the。 37. Lei Feng set a very good example for us to ________ the people wholeheartedly. (One word) 【答案】serve 【解析】 【详解】句意：雷锋为我们树立了全心全意为人民服务的好榜样。“…the people wholeheartedly”指全心全意服务人民。空格处在动词不定式符号to后，需用动词原形。“服务”译为serve，符合句意。 38. The small acts of ________ we did were good for the people around us. (One word, including the word “kind”) 【答案】kindness 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们所做的小小善举对我们周围的人有好处。此处单词中含有kind，句中“The small acts of…”指善举，应用名词作介词宾语，表示“善良”，英文为kindness，是不可数名词。 39. We are ________ being able to help others like Lei Feng. (Two words, including the word “proud”) 【答案】proud of 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们为能够像雷锋一样帮助他人而感到自豪。空格处需填两个单词，包含“proud”。“…being able to help others like Lei Feng”指为能够像雷锋一样帮助他人而感到自豪。be proud of意为“为……感到自豪”，符合语境。 40. As middle school students, we should ________ to be helpful every day. (Three words, including the word “try” or “do”) 【答案】try our best##do our best 【解析】 【详解】句意：作为中学生，我们应当每天尽力去帮助他人。空格处需填三个单词，包含“try”或“do”。“…to be helpful”指尽力去帮助他人。try one’s best或do one’s best意为“尽某人最大的努力”，主语是we，one’s用形容词性物主代词our。 Ⅵ. 短文填空： 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 (每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) make complete they farmer change be important show five sun Our grandparents seem to have magic powers sometimes. Give ____41____ a Chinese lunar calendar, and they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later. What’s the secret? They are following the 24 Solar Terms (节气). They are a (n) ____42____ part of Chinese culture. In ancient times, most Chinese people ____43____ their living on farms. So, weather changes were important for them. Without the help of satellites, the Internet or the weather forecast, Chinese people studied the ____44____ movement with a sundial (日晷仪). They also paid attention to other natural ____45____, such as air temperature, water and crop growth. As early as the Shang Dynasty, the Chinese ancestors (祖先) had already had four major solar terms. During the Zhou Dynasty, eight solar terms ____46____ fixed. Until the Han Dynasty, we had the present 24 solar terms ____47____. The terms became their guide to farming work. For example, the solar term jingzhe is when insects wake up from a long sleep in the cold winter. ____48____ take it as a sign of warm weather and get busy working. The 24 Solar Terms are honored as China’s ____49____ great invention after paper-making, printing, the compass and gunpowder. Now, people still say, “Do not ____50____ your feet after hanlu.” Why? It’s because the solar term hanlu marks the coming of the cold days. 【答案】41. them 42. important 43. made 44. sun’s 45. changes 46. were 47. completed 48. Farmers 49. fifth 50. show 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国二十四节气的起源、发展及其在古代农业生活中的重要作用。 【41题详解】 句意：给他们一本中国农历，他们就会知道几天甚至几个月后的天气会怎样。空处作动词Give的间接宾语，需要代词指代前句主语Our grandparents，应用代词宾格。they“他们”，是主格，宾格是them。 【42题详解】 句意：它们是中国文化中非常重要的组成部分。空处在冠词a(n)与名词part之间，应填形容词作定语，结合语境24节气是文化精髓需强调其很“重要”。important意为“重要的”，符合语境。 【43题详解】 句意：在古代，大多数中国人以务农为生。此处需要一个动词，在句中作谓语，表示谋生方式。make a living为固定短语，意为“谋生”，且根据“In ancient times”可知，时态为一般过去时，make的过去式是made。 【44题详解】 句意：在没有卫星、互联网或天气预报的帮助下，中国人用日晷仪研究太阳的运动。空处修饰名词movement，需用名词所有格。结合常识日晷通过太阳影子测时，“studied the ... movement with a sundial”指太阳的运动。sun“太阳”，为名词，其所有格形式是sun’s。 【45题详解】 句意：他们还关注其他自然变化，如气温、水和作物生长。空处作形容词natural的中心词，需填名词。原文列举的“air temperature, water and crop growth”均为“变化”，且other后常用复数。change“变化”，为可数名词，此处用复数形式changes。 【46题详解】 句意：在周朝时期，确立了八个节气。空处与fixed构成被动语态，需填be动词。主语“eight solar terms”为复数，且根据“During the Zhou Dynasty”可知，时态为一般过去时。are的过去式是were，符合被动语态结构。 【47题详解】 句意：直到汉朝，现行的24节气才最终被确定完备。空处作宾语补足语。“had the present 24 solar terms…”指“使二十四节气被完整确立”，have sth. done表示“使某事被做”。complete“使完整”，此处用过去分词completed表示被动和完成。 【48题详解】 句意：农民们把它当作天气变暖的标志，开始忙着耕作。空处作主语，需填名词。前文“the solar term jingzhe”后讲节气指导耕作，该句主语显然是“农民”，且位于句首首字母需大写。farmer“农民”，根据上下文用复数形式Farmers表示泛指。 【49题详解】 句意：二十四节气被誉为中国的第五大发明，仅次于造纸术、印刷术、指南针和火药。原文“after paper-making, printing, the compass and gunpowder”列举前四大发明，故节气是“第五”，需用序数词。five“五”，其序数词形式是fifth。 【50题详解】 句意：如今，人们仍然说：“寒露脚不露。”空处构成否定祈使句“Do not + 动词原形”，需填动词原形。根据民间说法“寒露脚不露”，意为不要把脚暴露在外，对应英文动词show“露出”。 Ⅶ. 任务型阅读：阅读下面的材料，根据材料内容，完成下列各题。 (共5小题，计10分) Chalk is something you probably see and even use every day. But have you ever thought about turning it into carved (雕刻的) artwork by just using a compass ? Shen Sihao, 31, started doing this in high school. Growing up in Luoyang, a city in Henan province, Shen often used his compass to carve chalk into miniature versions of cultural relics (微缩版本的文物) and ancient buildings he saw in history books or around Luoyang. “It’s a shame that I didn’t have much time back then to do more.” Shen said. After getting a job at an Internet company in Beijing, Shen decided to realize his childhood dream during his free time. He has been sharing videos online for two years showing off his chalk carvings, including tomb figures, arrows, and more. His account (账号), Trifle in Break Time, has found a large following, especially among students. For Shen, the process of carving is just as ▲ as the end product. “Only by carving can I fully understand the structure, details and secrets of cultural relics,” Shen said. For example, while carving an ancient warrior (战士), he had to study a photo closely. To Shen, carving chalk not only helps him learn more about history and culture but also teaches him patience. “I often accidentally break my work when it’s almost done,” Shen said. “Patience and perseverance” are the key. It’s the same with life—when you rush or try too hard, it’s easy to break things.” * The word “perseverance” means the quality of continuing to try to achieve a goal despite difficulties. 51. When did Shen Sihao start chalk carving? Shen Sihao started chalk carving when he was ________. 52. How long has Shen shared videos online? Shen has shared videos online________. 53. What word can you put in the “ ▲ ”? I can put “________” there. 54. What is the last paragraph mainly about? It is mainly about ________. 55. What life lesson can we learn from Shen’s experience? We should ________. 【答案】51. in high school##a high school student 52. for two years 53. important 54. the importance of patience and perseverance in carving and in life 55. be patient and persevere, and not rush when facing difficulties 【解析】 【导语】本文主要是关于沈思豪用圆规雕刻粉笔创作文物微缩作品的故事。 【51题详解】 第二段第一句“Shen Sihao, 31, started doing this in high school.”，可知沈思豪从高中开始用圆规雕刻粉笔。 【52题详解】 第三段“He has been sharing videos online for two years...”，可知他在网上分享视频已有两年。 【53题详解】 第四段“For Shen, the process of carving is just as…as the end product.”，下文提到只有通过雕刻才能理解文物的结构、细节和奥秘，说明他认为过程和结果同样重要。 【54题详解】 第五段指出雕刻教会他耐心，并提到“‘Patience and perseverance’ are the key. It’s the same with life...”，因此本段主要讲耐心和毅力在雕刻及生活中的重要性。 【55题详解】 第五段“‘Patience and perseverance’ are the key. ... when you rush or try too hard, it’s easy to break things.”，可知从沈思豪的经历中学到的人生道理是要耐心坚持，遇到困难时不要急躁。 Ⅷ. 交流与表达 (共6小题，计20分) 第一节：补全对话。根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 (共5小题，计5分) (Two students are having a discussion after a geography class about famous mountains in China. ) A: Wang Fang, I’m really excited about what we learned today. How about you? B: ____56____. There are so many great mountains, like Mount Tai and Huangshan. A: I like the Qinling Mountains the most. Do you know how special they are? B: Not really. ____57____? A: Well, the Qinling Mountains are the dividing line between North and South China. They are known as the “natural boundary (分界线) ” of our country. B: Really? ____58____? A: It means they divide China into two parts. The climate in the south of the Qinling Mountains is warm and wet, while the north is dry and cold. B: Oh, I see! ____59____? A: The Qinling Mountains are home to many rare species (稀有物种) , like giant pandas and golden snub-nosed monkeys. B: Wow, that’s amazing! So they play an important role in protecting biodiversity (生物多样性) . A: Exactly! Also, they affect farming. People in the south of the Qinling Mountains grow rice, but those in the north prefer wheat and corn. B: I never knew they were so meaningful. I really want to learn more about them now. A: Maybe we can look for some books about them in the library after school. B: ____60____! 【答案】56. Me too 57. How are they special 58. What does it mean 59. Anything else 60. Good idea 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了地理课结束后，两名学生正在讨论中国的名山。 【56题详解】 A先说自己对今天地理课的内容很激动，然后问B感受如何，B回应自己的感受，结合后面说有很多很棒的山，因此此处B表达了和A相同的感受。 【57题详解】 B说自己不太了解秦岭的特别之处，因此问A原因，秦岭有什么特别之处。 【58题详解】 A提到秦岭是中国的“自然分界线”，后文A用“It means…”开头回答，因此B提问这个概念是什么意思即可。 【59题详解】 B听懂了分界线的解释后，继续询问秦岭还有什么其他特别之处，A下文回答了秦岭在物种保护上的特点，因此填入询问其他特点的句子即可。 【60题详解】 B先说想了解更多关于秦岭的信息，然后A提出放学后去图书馆找资料的提议，B此处应该表示赞同，填入同意提议的表达即可。 第二节：书面表达。 (共1题，计15分) 61. 假设你是李华，你与好友Linda都十分喜爱阅读。今天，你们学校英语社团的布告栏上张贴了两张活动海报，请你结合海报中的相关内容，邀请 Linda一同参加其中一项活动，并说明邀请理由。 要求：1. 邮件内容应包含题目要求所给的全部信息，可适当发挥； 2. 语句正确，意思通顺、连贯，书写规范； 3. 邮件中不得出现你的任何真实信息 (姓名、校名和地名等) ； 4. 词数：不少于70。 (开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。) Dear Linda, How are you? I’m writing to invite you to an activity at our school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Please let me know if you can come. I hope we can go together. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Linda, How are you? I’m writing to invite you to an activity at our school. We both love reading very much, so I want to invite you to go to the Author Meet-and-Greet with me. It is an activity from our school English club, and it will be held on Wednesday, April 1st, from 13:00 to 15:30. There are many fun parts: from 13:00 to 14:30, the writer will share his new book with us. Then we will have a Q&A game with prizes from 14:30 to 15:00. In the end, we can get the author’s signature and take a group photo. I think this activity is perfect for us. We can learn more about new books and talk to a real writer in person. I’m sure we will have a great time here. Please let me know if you can come. I hope we can go together. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：电子邮件（邀请信），格式完整（称呼、正文、结尾、署名），用于邀请笔友参加学校活动，以一般现在时（说明写信目的、活动背景）和一般将来时（描述活动流程）为主，符合邀请信的语境。 确定人称：以第一人称 “I”“we” 为主，符合给笔友写信的口吻。 注意事项： 邮件中不得出现你的任何真实信息 (姓名、校名和地名等) ；词数不少于70。 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：问候 + 直接点明写信目的，用 “我们都爱阅读” 自然引出邀请理由，快速切入主题。 主体段：按 “活动基本信息→流程安排→活动意义” 的逻辑展开 结尾段：礼貌请求对方回复，表达期待，保持邀请信的互动性与完整性。 [第三步：要点展开] 邀请理由自然：用 “We both love reading very much” 衔接，让邀请不突兀，贴合笔友之间的交流语境。 流程条理清晰：使用时间顺序词 “from 13:00 to 14:30 / Then / In the end”，将活动环节分点说明，逻辑连贯，信息传递高效。 语言礼貌得体：结尾用 “Please let me know if you can come. I hope we can go together.”，语气真诚，符合邀请信的写作规范。 句式多样：既有简单句，也有复合句（如 “I’m writing to invite you to… / I think this activity is perfect for us.”），表达不单调。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 试卷类型：A 2026年陕西省初中学业水平全真模拟演练 英 语 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分为第一部分 (听力) 和第二部分 (笔试) 。全卷共8页，总分120分。考试时间120分钟。 2. 领到试卷和答题卡后，请用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔，分别在试卷和答题卡上填写姓名和准考证号，同时用2B铅笔在答题卡上填涂对应的试卷类型信息点 (A或B) 。 3. 请在答题卡上各题的指定区域内作答，否则作答无效。 4. 考试结束，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 (听力 共30分) Ⅰ. 听选答案 (共15小题，计20分) 第一节：听下面10段对话，每段对话后有一个问题，读两遍。请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出问题的正确答案。 (共10小题，计10分) 1. A. The suona. B. The erhu. C. The guitar. 2. A. Sleeping. B. Doing his homework. C. Watching TV. 3. A. Tired. B. Worried. C. Nervous. 4. A. At 4: 00. B. At 4: 15. C. At 4: 30. 5. A. To the park. B. To Tina’s home. C. To the classroom. 6. A. 355277. B. 354777. C. 352177. 7. A. Once a month. B. Once a week. C. Every day. 8. A. Doctor and patient. B. Teacher and student. C. Customer and waitress. 9. A. The food. B. The weather. C. The festival. 10. A. For two weeks. B. For three weeks. C. For four weeks. 第二节：听下面两段独白，每段独白后有几道小题。请根据独白的内容，从题目所给的三个选项中选出问题的正确答案。每段独白读两遍。 (共5小题，计10分) 听独白，回答小题。 11. What does Luca like to do? A. Make apps. B. Listen to music. C. Collect postcards. 12. What is the speaker’s suggestion? A. Spend more time on hobbies. B. Try a new hobby. C. Balance studies and hobbies. 听独白，回答小题。 13. How did the students review the words in yesterday’s English class? A. By watching a video. B. By playing games. C. By looking at word cards. 14. What did the students do after looking at some pictures? A. They sang a song. B. They drew some pictures. C. They made some sentences. 15. How did Jenny like the class? A. Interesting. B. Difficult. C. Special. Ⅱ. 听填信息 (共5小题，计10分) 本题你将听到一段独白，读两遍。请根据独白内容，用所听到的信息完成下列各题。 (每空不超过三个单词。) 16. You need to ________ special glasses to see and visit places around the world. 17. VR travelling can help protect popular places from ________. 18. VR can also take us back to ancient times or to the outer ________. 19. VR travelling almost makes everything ________. 20. Emily Harper said, “It lets me visit places that might be hard to reach in ________.” 第二部分 (笔试 共90分) Ⅲ. 完形填空 (共20小题，计20分) 第一节： 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 I have many teapots (茶壶) . Among them, ____1____ least likely to use Grandma’s teapot when serving tea to my friends. It’s not beautiful in any way. The flowers on it look like ____2____ made by a child. But when my ____3____ daughter and I “take tea”, I choose Grandma’s teapot every time. Today, we had a “tea” party again. When drinking our chocolate milk “tea”, my daughter said, “____4____ teapot! It’s Grandma’s, isn’t it?” “Well, actually, this is my grandma’s— your great-grandma’s teapot,” I said. She frowned (皱眉) , trying ____5____ a woman she had never met. Then I showed her the picture of my grandma and told her that when I was a child, I ____6____ many of my weekends visiting Grandma and Grandpa. Grandma loved to have tea parties. She served us tea with this teapot. At the party, the family members talked about the past. I heard stories about ____7____ from the UK to the US, how they fed hens to make ____8____ living, and so on. I always knew Grandma’s teapot had a special place in my collection, but when I told my daughter the stories, I had an even ____9____ understanding of why it is important. It is full of stories that connect my family of today ____10____ my family of yesterday. 1. A. I’m B. I’am C. i am D. Am I 2. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 3. A. four years old B. four year old C. four-years-old D. four-year-old 4. A. What a nice B. What nice C. How a nice D. How nice 5. A. to send B. send C. to picture D. picture 6. A. spend B. spent C. am spending D. have spent 7. A. if they travelled B. if did they travel C. how they travelled D. how did they travel 8. A. an B. the C. / D. a 9. A. good B. well C. better D. best 10. A. for B. with C. in D. about 第二节： 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 If you are the principal (校长) of your school, what do you want to do? Now, forty-three students from Songjiang Experimental Middle School can become “student ____11____ ” for one day. Let’s look at ____12____ students’ diaries! Zhang Jiahao, 13 That day, I, together with other student principals and our real principal, walked around our school in the ____13____. We went to the sports field and students’ dorms (宿舍). And we found that many of them didn’t do morning exercises. We wrote it down and talked about how to ____14____ this problem. Taking part in the meeting as “principals” was the best part. It was a ____15____ to talk about the work of the school over the week. A principal really has lots of things to do. It is not an easy job. Liu Yuexin, 14 On the morning of the big day, we ____16____ our parents to walked around the school with principals, ____17____ they came to help us check the school. While checking, we found that there was a ____18____ party in a class. They sang the birthday song, played some interesting games and ate cakes. How happy they were! After checking, I knew that my classroom wasn’t ____19____. On that day, we made some suggestions to make our school better. For example, we think students should keep their school things tidy. These are small things, but they make a big ____20____. 11. A. policemen B. guides C. principals D. workers 12. A. five B. two C. three D. four 13. A. evening B. afternoon C. noon D. morning 14. A. deal with B. give out C. take off D. count down 15. A. notice B. skill C. meeting D. journey 16. A. showed B. provided C. welcomed D. decided 17. A. unless B. because C. if D. although 18. A. family B. birthday C. community D. New Year 19. A. clean B. dirty C. cheap D. comfortable 20. A. holiday B. project C. decision D. difference Ⅳ. 阅读理解 (共15小题，计20分) 第一节： 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Jia Mingxuan, a 14-year-old Chinese boy from Inner Mongolia, won a top honor with his own creation in Germany. His idea grew from his childhood experiences in Chifeng. ____21____ The program forested many deserts. However, with a little rainfall in a whole year, it’s slow, costly and sometimes even impossible to water all the trees by people. The chance knocked when his science teacher asked the class to create something. ____22____ One evening, he saw steam condensing (蒸汽冷凝) into water drops on the wall of the kitchen. He remembered what he learned at school and asked himself: “Could I use this to water trees?” ____23____ It collects water steam from the air and turns it into water with the help of the temperature difference. Then the water will drop to the roots (根) of a tree. Jia tried his best for the idea. Sometimes he woke up at 4 a. m. , hurrying home to try out the things he made and hurrying back for his everyday classes. ____24____ That is to turn his small idea into a useful tool in China’s fight against desertification (沙漠化) . He said, “I need to study harder. ____25____” A. With more knowledge, I can make better things. B. It is a key area in China’s Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (三北防护林工程) . C. The idea came in an unusual place—his family kitchen. D. His goal is very clear. E. His hand-made creation can water young trees by itself. 第二节： 阅读下面A、B、C三篇材料，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。 (共10小题，计15分) A Choose Healthy Plants Buy young tomato plants Look for green plants, no flowers, 8 inches tall Avoid thin, yellow, or weak stems (茎) Pick the Right Place Sunny place, protected from strong wind Rich soil Planting Plant in spring Dig a large hole for each plant Use a cage or stick to support the plant & keep tomatoes away from insects (昆虫) Water & Care Give regular (定期的) water, and don’t let the soil dry Cut off the top after 4 flower clusters (簇) to focus energy on fruit Harvest Each plant: 3 feet wide, 4 feet tall produces about 4 pounds of tomatoes 26. A plant with ________ is a healthy tomato plant to choose. A. yellow leaves and weak stems B. many flowers and thin stems C. no flowers, about 8 inches tall D. dry leaves and no green parts 27. According to the text, when is the best time to plant tomato plants? A. In January. B. In April. C. In September. D. In July. 28. Why should you cut off the top after 4 flower clusters? A. To make the plant look nicer. B. To focus energy on fruit production. C. To keep insects from attacking the plant. D. To let more water get to the roots. B In a quiet corner of a busy city street in Brooklyn, New York, there is a special fridge. It’s not in a kitchen or a supermarket. It stands on the sidewalk, open for everyone 24 hours a day. It is a “community fridge”, and its rule is simple: “ ▲ ” The idea started during a difficult time when many people lost their jobs and had trouble buying enough food. A group of neighbors decided to do something to help. They put a second-hand fridge outside and filled it with fresh vegetables, fruit, milk, and bread. Anyone who was hungry could come and take food for free, without having to ask or feel shy. Local restaurants, bakeries, and families also help. Instead of throwing away good food that they don’t sell or eat, they put it in the community fridge. This not only helps people who are in need but also reduces food waste. It’s a win-win idea. The community fridge has done more than just provide food. It has brought the community closer. People meet each other at the fridge. Some come to give food, and others come to take it. They stop and talk, sharing stories and smiles. A volunteer said, “It’s not just about food. It’s about being good neighbors and taking care of each other.” The project has been so successful that hundreds of similar community fridges have appeared in cities all over the world. 29. Which of the following can be put in the “ ▲ ”? A. Only leave food, never take any. B. Buy what you need, sell what you can. C. Take what you need, leave what you can. D. Take everything you want, leave nothing behind. 30. What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To describe what food is in the community fridge. B. To show how popular the community fridge is now. C. To tell readers how to use the community fridge correctly. D. To explain why and how the community fridge started. 31. What can we infer from the volunteer’s words in the last paragraph? A. The project builds a warm and caring community. B. The volunteer cares little about the food itself. C. The fridge only offers free food to poor people. D. Good neighbors always get along well with each other. C Dujiangyan is an ancient irrigation system in Sichuan, China. It was designed by Li Bing, a local governor, and built over 2, 200 years ago during the Qin Dynasty. Unlike modern dams, Dujiangyan has no walls to block water. Instead, it uses three main parts to control flooding and irrigate farmland. The first part is called the “Fish Mouth.” That’s because it looks like a fish’s mouth. It splits the Min River into two channels: an inner channel for irrigation and an outer channel for flood control. The second part is the “Flying Sand Fence.” It slows down the water and traps sediment, preventing clogging. The third part, the “Bottleneck Channel,” acts like a valve. It sends water smoothly into farmland. Dujiangyan solved two major problems in ancient Sichuan: floods and droughts. Before its construction, floods destroyed crops every summer. In winter, however, droughts dried up fields. Today, Dujiangyan is still in use. It irrigates over 5, 300 square kilometers of land, supporting six million people. In 2000, UNESCO named it a World Heritage Site for its “scientific and technological genius.” 32. The underlined word “splits” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”. A. connects B. divides C. heats D. disappears 33. Which part in the picture is the “Bottleneck Channel”? A. Part 1. B. Part 2. C. Part 3. D. Part 4. 34. What can we know from the passage? A. Dujiangyan is still working for people today. B. Dujiangyan has walls to block water like modern dams. C. Dujiangyan can only solve the problem of droughts. D. Dujiangyan irrigates over 5, 300 square meters of land. 35. What is the best title for the passage? A. Heritage Sites Around the World B. Famous Rivers in Sichuan Province C. A Great Ancient Irrigation System—Dujiangyan D. How to Control Sediment in Chinese History V. 完成句子： 根据图画情境及各题句意，按照句后括号中的英文提示要求，用单词 (不包含阿拉伯数字) 或短语完成下列英文句子。 36. Our school organized a voluntary activity on ________ 5th to honor Lei Feng. (One word) 37. Lei Feng set a very good example for us to ________ the people wholeheartedly. (One word) 38. The small acts of ________ we did were good for the people around us. (One word, including the word “kind”) 39. We are ________ being able to help others like Lei Feng. (Two words, including the word “proud”) 40. As middle school students, we should ________ to be helpful every day. (Three words, including the word “try” or “do”) Ⅵ. 短文填空： 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。 (每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。) make complete they farmer change be important show five sun Our grandparents seem to have magic powers sometimes. Give ____41____ a Chinese lunar calendar, and they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later. What’s the secret? They are following the 24 Solar Terms (节气). They are a (n) ____42____ part of Chinese culture. In ancient times, most Chinese people ____43____ their living on farms. So, weather changes were important for them. Without the help of satellites, the Internet or the weather forecast, Chinese people studied the ____44____ movement with a sundial (日晷仪). They also paid attention to other natural ____45____, such as air temperature, water and crop growth. As early as the Shang Dynasty, the Chinese ancestors (祖先) had already had four major solar terms. During the Zhou Dynasty, eight solar terms ____46____ fixed. Until the Han Dynasty, we had the present 24 solar terms ____47____. The terms became their guide to farming work. For example, the solar term jingzhe is when insects wake up from a long sleep in the cold winter. ____48____ take it as a sign of warm weather and get busy working. The 24 Solar Terms are honored as China’s ____49____ great invention after paper-making, printing, the compass and gunpowder. Now, people still say, “Do not ____50____ your feet after hanlu.” Why? It’s because the solar term hanlu marks the coming of the cold days. Ⅶ. 任务型阅读：阅读下面的材料，根据材料内容，完成下列各题。 (共5小题，计10分) Chalk is something you probably see and even use every day. But have you ever thought about turning it into carved (雕刻的) artwork by just using a compass ? Shen Sihao, 31, started doing this in high school. Growing up in Luoyang, a city in Henan province, Shen often used his compass to carve chalk into miniature versions of cultural relics (微缩版本的文物) and ancient buildings he saw in history books or around Luoyang. “It’s a shame that I didn’t have much time back then to do more.” Shen said. After getting a job at an Internet company in Beijing, Shen decided to realize his childhood dream during his free time. He has been sharing videos online for two years showing off his chalk carvings, including tomb figures, arrows, and more. His account (账号), Trifle in Break Time, has found a large following, especially among students. For Shen, the process of carving is just as ▲ as the end product. “Only by carving can I fully understand the structure, details and secrets of cultural relics,” Shen said. For example, while carving an ancient warrior (战士), he had to study a photo closely. To Shen, carving chalk not only helps him learn more about history and culture but also teaches him patience. “I often accidentally break my work when it’s almost done,” Shen said. “Patience and perseverance” are the key. It’s the same with life—when you rush or try too hard, it’s easy to break things.” * The word “perseverance” means the quality of continuing to try to achieve a goal despite difficulties. 51. When did Shen Sihao start chalk carving? Shen Sihao started chalk carving when he was ________. 52. How long has Shen shared videos online? Shen has shared videos online________. 53. What word can you put in the “ ▲ ”? I can put “________” there. 54. What is the last paragraph mainly about? It is mainly about ________. 55. What life lesson can we learn from Shen’s experience? We should ________. Ⅷ. 交流与表达 (共6小题，计20分) 第一节：补全对话。根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 (共5小题，计5分) (Two students are having a discussion after a geography class about famous mountains in China. ) A: Wang Fang, I’m really excited about what we learned today. How about you? B: ____56____. There are so many great mountains, like Mount Tai and Huangshan. A: I like the Qinling Mountains the most. Do you know how special they are? B: Not really. ____57____? A: Well, the Qinling Mountains are the dividing line between North and South China. They are known as the “natural boundary (分界线) ” of our country. B: Really? ____58____? A: It means they divide China into two parts. The climate in the south of the Qinling Mountains is warm and wet, while the north is dry and cold. B: Oh, I see! ____59____? A: The Qinling Mountains are home to many rare species (稀有物种) , like giant pandas and golden snub-nosed monkeys. B: Wow, that’s amazing! So they play an important role in protecting biodiversity (生物多样性) . A: Exactly! Also, they affect farming. People in the south of the Qinling Mountains grow rice, but those in the north prefer wheat and corn. B: I never knew they were so meaningful. I really want to learn more about them now. A: Maybe we can look for some books about them in the library after school. B: ____60____! 第二节：书面表达。 (共1题，计15分) 61. 假设你是李华，你与好友Linda都十分喜爱阅读。今天，你们学校英语社团的布告栏上张贴了两张活动海报，请你结合海报中的相关内容，邀请 Linda一同参加其中一项活动，并说明邀请理由。 要求：1. 邮件内容应包含题目要求所给的全部信息，可适当发挥； 2. 语句正确，意思通顺、连贯，书写规范； 3. 邮件中不得出现你的任何真实信息 (姓名、校名和地名等) ； 4. 词数：不少于70。 (开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。) Dear Linda, How are you? I’m writing to invite you to an activity at our school. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Please let me know if you can come. I hope we can go together. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $