Unit 3 Growing Up 单元重点单词、短语、句型、语法知识总结+习题巩固- 2025-2026学年人教版八年级下册英语

答案解析 单元重点词汇、短语自测 1.重点单词默写 【名词】 1.emotion 2.stress 3.standard 4.award 5.fault 6.decision 7.solution 8.friendship 9.communication 10.courage 11.apology 【动词】 1.deal 2.get on 3.compare 4.disappoint 5.keep 6.express 7.apologize 8.forgive 9.listen 10.communicate 11.thank 【形容词/副词】 1.upset 2.angry 3.nervous 4.worried 5.lonely 6.proud 7.thankful 8.joyful 9.shy 10.patient 11.stressed 【代词/其他】 1.himself 2.ourselves 3.although 4.until 2.单词词性转换 1.stressed 2.pride 3.thankful 4.apology 5.forgiveness 6.communication 7.happiness 8.loneliness 9.patiently 10.worry 11.anger 12.decision 3.重点短语默写 1.deal with 2.get on well with 3.compare...with... 4.let...down 5.keep doing sth. 6.take a break 7.calm down 8.open one's heart 9.with a heavy heart 10.look on the bright side 11.pass on a message 12.have high standards 13.learn from mistakes 14.feel sorry for 15.forgive each other 16.care about 17.apologize to 单元重点习题巩固 一、单项选择 1.C 解析：too+adj.+to do sth.意为“太……而不能……”，符合“箱子太重男孩搬不动”句意 2.A 解析：under pressure是固定搭配，意为“在压力之下”，符合“人在压力下容易生气”语境 3.C 解析：so that引导目的状语从句，意为“为了，以便”，后接句子，符合“努力学习为了上好大学” 4.A 解析：negative意为“消极的”，与前文good things（积极的事）形成对比 5.B 解析：shut oneself away from sb.是固定搭配，意为“把自己与某人隔绝开来” 6.C 解析：cut...in half是固定短语，意为“把……减半”，句意为“分担烦恼能让担忧减半” 7.B 解析：take back意为“收回（话）”，符合“意识到错了，收回说过的话”句意 8.A 解析：behave意为“表现，举止”，句意为“校内外都应举止得体” 9.A 解析：anybody用于疑问句中，意为“有人，任何人”，符合“教室里有人吗”的问句 10.C 解析：proud意为“骄傲的，自豪的”，孩子取得好成绩父母会感到自豪 11.C 解析：blow heavily表示“风刮得大”，even后接形容词比较级worse，表示“更糟糕” 12.B 解析：fault意为“过错，过失”，句意为“不是你的错，不必道歉” 13.A 解析：look after意为“照顾”，句意为“遇到困难要学会照顾自己” 14.A 解析：cheer up是固定安慰用语，意为“振作起来”，用于安慰考试失利的人 15.B 解析：remain calm是固定搭配，意为“保持冷静”，remain表示“保持某种状态” 16.D 解析：differently是副词，意为“不同地”，修饰动词think，表示“想法不同” 17.A 解析：normal意为“正常的”，句意为“14岁熬夜到凌晨两点不正常” 18.D 解析：I'm sorry to hear that是固定礼貌用语，用于听到他人生病、不幸时表示同情 19.A 解析：independent意为“独立的”，句意为“要独立，自己解决问题” 20.B 解析：look for意为“寻找”，句意为“遇到困难要寻找生活积极的一面” 21.C 解析：although引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，故只保留although 22.C 解析：standard意为“标准”，meet the standard意为“达到标准” 23.B 解析：encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事；practice doing sth.练习做某事，均为固定用法 24.D 解析：opinion意为“观点，看法”，符合问句“你的观点是什么” 25.B 解析：by design意为“故意地”，与后文“为了吸引注意”对应 二、根据首字母提示完成句子 1.decision 解析：make a decision固定搭配，意为“做决定”，紧急情况快速做决定能救命 2.curious 解析：curious意为“好奇的”，好奇的孩子总爱问问题 3.score 解析：score意为“分数”，get a high score意为“取得高分” 4.proud 解析：be proud of固定搭配，意为“为……感到骄傲” 5.purpose 解析：on purpose固定搭配，意为“故意地”，与accident（意外）相对 6.plenty 解析：plenty of固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”，后接可数/不可数名词 7.bit 解析：a bit意为“有点儿”，修饰形容词tired，表示“有点累” 8.control 解析：lose control of固定搭配，意为“失去对……的控制” 9.behave 解析：behave意为“表现，举止”，不同文化中人们举止不同 10.deal 解析：deal with固定搭配，意为“处理，应对”，处理日常问题 11.respect 解析：respect意为“尊重”，我们应该尊重父母 12.afraid 解析：be afraid of固定搭配，意为“害怕……”，不要害怕犯错 13.awake 解析：stay awake固定搭配，意为“保持清醒，醒着”，兴奋到半夜没睡 14.pressure 解析：pressure意为“压力”，工作压力让人感到紧张 15.coach 解析：coach意为“教练”，游泳教练教孩子水中安全知识 16.solution 解析：solution意为“解决办法”，a solution to the puzzle意为“谜题的解法” 17.mad 解析：get mad固定搭配，意为“生气”，玩手机太久妈妈会生气 18.award 解析：award意为“奖品，奖项”，receive the award意为“领奖” 19.surprised 解析：surprised意为“惊讶的”，没想到数学得A所以感到惊讶 20.standard 解析：standard意为“标准”，set a high standard意为“设定高标准” 三、完成句子 1.didn't; until 解析：not...until...固定句型，意为“直到……才……”，主句用一般过去时 2.shouted at 解析：shout at sb.固定短语，意为“对某人大喊大叫”，just now用过去式 3.not only; but also 解析：not only...but also...固定结构，意为“不仅……而且……” 4.put yourself in her shoes 解析：固定习语，意为“站在她的角度思考” 5.lots of 解析：lots of意为“许多”，修饰可数名词复数places of interest 6.comparing; with 解析：compare...with...固定搭配，意为“把……和……比较”，be always doing表示经常性行为 7.woke up 解析：wake up固定短语，意为“醒来”，过去式为woke up 8.take back 解析：take back固定短语，意为“收回（话语）” 9.stay together 解析：stay together意为“团结一致”，符合句意 10.in future 解析：in future意为“今后，以后”，用于承诺 11.argued with 解析：argue with sb.固定短语，意为“和某人吵架”，yesterday用过去式 12.proud of 解析：be proud of固定搭配，意为“为……感到骄傲” 13.to read; so that 解析：advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事；so that引导目的状语从句 14.felt blue 解析：feel blue固定习语，意为“感到忧郁、难过”，last night用过去式 15.fight; deal with 解析：fight illnesses意为“对抗疾病”；deal with stress意为“应对压力”，help sb. do sth. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.advice 解析：your形容词性物主代词后接名词，advice为不可数名词 2.to hurt 解析：mean to do sth.固定用法，意为“打算/有意做某事” 3.thankful 解析：be动词后接形容词thankful，意为“感激的” 4.joyful 解析：It is+adj.+to do sth.句型，用形容词joyful作表语 5.awards 解析：give out awards意为“颁奖”，不止一个奖项，用复数 6.behave; behavior 解析：should后接动词原形behave；good后接名词behavior 7.pressure 解析：too much后接不可数名词pressure，意为“压力” 8.shock; shocking; shocked 解析：a后接名词shock；修饰事物用shocking；修饰人用shocked 9.player 解析：the young player意为“年轻运动员”，作句子主语 10.rang 解析：just now表示“刚才”，句子用一般过去时rang 11.proud 解析：feel proud of固定搭配，意为“为……感到骄傲” 12.angry 解析：get angry固定搭配，意为“生气”，get后接形容词 13.decision 解析：make a decision固定搭配，意为“做决定”，a后接单数名词 14.better 解析：than是比较级标志，用good的比较级better 15.differently 解析：副词differently修饰动词describe，意为“不同地描述” 16.awake 解析：stay awake固定搭配，意为“保持清醒”，stay后接形容词 17.to deal 解析：It's+adj.+to do sth.固定句型，用不定式to deal 18.bullies 解析：somebody作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数bullies 19.relaxed 解析：修饰人用relaxed，意为“感到放松的” 20.clearly 解析：副词clearly修饰动词speak，意为“清楚地说” 五、选词填空 A篇 1.argued 解析：argue with sb.意为“和某人吵架”，全文用一般过去时 2.because 解析：连词because表原因，解释生气的理由 3.louder 解析：much修饰形容词比较级louder，意为“声音更大” 4.running 解析：with tears running down face是with复合结构，意为“眼泪流下” 5.me 解析：介词next to后接人称代词宾格me 6.clearly 解析：副词clearly修饰动词express，意为“清楚地表达” 7.across 解析：get across意为“传达，使理解”，固定短语 8.advised 解析：advise意为“建议”，全文用过去式advised 9.pressure 解析：pressure意为“压力”，活动压力不该影响友谊 10.air 解析：clear the air固定习语，意为“消除隔阂，和解” B篇 1.emotions 解析：all kinds of后接复数名词emotions，意为“各种情绪” 2.negative 解析：negative feelings意为“消极情绪”，与后文anxiety对应 3.alone 解析：ride alone意为“独自骑车”，符合语境 4.purpose 解析：clear purpose意为“明确的目的” 5.improves 解析：anxiety是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数improves 6.When 解析：when引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时” 7.However 解析：however表转折，意为“然而”，引出过度焦虑的危害 8.in 解析：in low spirits固定搭配，意为“情绪低落” 9.control 解析：control anxiety意为“控制焦虑”，符合语境 10.calmer 解析：much修饰形容词比较级calmer，意为“更平静” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $人教版（2024）八年级下册Unit 3 Growing Up单元重点知识总结+习题巩固 （单词、短语、句型、语法） 单元重点词汇、短语自测 1. 重点单词默写 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【名词】 1. _______________ (n.) 情绪；情感 2. _______________ (n.) 压力 3. _______________ (n.) 标准；水平 4. _______________ (n.) 奖品；奖项 5. _______________ (n.) 错误；过失 6. _______________ (n.) 决定 7. _______________ (n.) 解决办法；答案 8. _______________ (n.) 友谊 9. _______________ (n.) 沟通；交流 10. _______________ (n.) 勇气 11. _______________ (n.) 道歉 【动词】 1. _______________ (v.) 处理；应对 2. _______________ (v.) 相处；进展 3. _______________ (v.) 比较；对比 4. _______________ (v.) 使失望 5. _______________ (v.) 保持；继续 6. _______________ (v.) 表达；表述 7. _______________ (v.) 道歉 8. _______________ (v.) 原谅；宽恕 9. _______________ (v.) 倾听 10. _______________ (v.) 沟通；交流 11. _______________ (v.) 感激；感谢 【形容词/副词】 1. _______________ (adj.) 心烦的；沮丧的 2. _______________ (adj.) 生气的；愤怒的 3. _______________ (adj.) 紧张的；有压力的 4. _______________ (adj.) 担心的；担忧的 5. _______________ (adj.) 孤独的；寂寞的 6. _______________ (adj.) 骄傲的；自豪的 7. _______________ (adj.) 感激的；感谢的 8. _______________ (adj.) 快乐的；愉悦的 9. _______________ (adj.) 害羞的 10. _______________ (adj.) 有耐心的 11. _______________ (adj.) 有压力的 【代词/其他】 1. _______________ (pron.) 他自己 2. _______________ (pron.) 我们自己 3. _______________ (conj.) 尽管；虽然 4. _______________ (conj.) 直到……为止 2. 单词词性转换 1. stress (n.) → _______________ (adj. 有压力的) 2. proud (adj.) → _______________ (n. 自豪；骄傲) 3. thank (v.) → _______________ (adj. 感激的) 4. apologize (v.) → _______________ (n. 道歉) 5. forgive (v.) → _______________ (n. 宽恕；原谅) 6. communicate (v.) → _______________ (n. 沟通；交流) 7. happy (adj.) → _______________ (n. 快乐；幸福) 8. lonely (adj.) → _______________ (n. 孤独；寂寞) 9. patient (adj.) → _______________ (adv. 耐心地) 10. worried (adj.) → _______________ (n. 担忧；担心) 11. angry (adj.) → _______________ (n. 愤怒) 12. decide (v.) → _______________ (n. 决定) 3. 重点短语默写 1. _______________ 处理；应对 2. _______________ 与……相处融洽 3. _______________ 把……和……比较 4. _______________ 让……失望 5. _______________ 继续做某事 6. _______________ 休息一下 7. _______________ 冷静下来 8. _______________ 敞开心扉；倾诉 9. _______________ 心情沉重 10. _______________ 看事物积极的一面 11. _______________ 传达信息 12. _______________ 有高标准 13. _______________ 从错误中吸取教训 14. _______________ 对……感到抱歉 15. _______________ 彼此原谅 16. _______________ 关心；在意 17. _______________ 向……道歉 单元重点语法、句型回顾 考点1：although引导的让步状语从句 -核心用法：引导让步关系，意为“尽管；虽然”，不能与but同时使用。 -句型结构：Although + 从句（主谓）, 主句（主谓）；或 主句（主谓）+ although + 从句（主谓） -典型例句：Although you argued, you are still very close friends. （中文翻译：虽然你们吵过架，但你们仍然是非常亲密的朋友。） -小贴士：although可与though互换，均不能与but连用，但可与yet、still连用。 考点2：until引导的时间状语从句 -核心用法：表示“直到……为止”，否定句中可表示“直到……才……”，遵循“主将从现”原则。 -句型结构：主句（将来时）+ until + 从句（一般现在时）；或 主句（否定式）+ until + 从句（一般现在时） -典型例句：You won't know how he feels until you talk to him. （中文翻译：直到你和他谈一谈，你才会知道他的感受。） -小贴士：until可放句首或句末，放句首时，主句前需加逗号。 考点3：so that引导的状语从句 -核心用法：可引导目的状语从句（意为“为了；以便”）或结果状语从句（意为“因此；所以”）。 -句型结构：主句（主谓）+ so that + 目的从句（常含can/could）；或 主句（主谓）, so that + 结果从句 -典型例句：You can write to your parents so that they'll know how you feel. （中文翻译：你可以给父母写信，以便他们知道你的感受。） -小贴士：目的状语从句前无逗号，结果状语从句前可加逗号；so that引导目的从句时，可与in order that互换。 单元重点习题巩固 一、单项选择（共25小题） ( )1．The box is ________ heavy for the little boy ________ carry. A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to ( )2．—Julia, I’m sorry for what I have done. —Never mind. I know people get mad easily when they’re ________. A．under pressure B．on duty C．in public D．in need ( )3．She studies hard every day ________ she can get into a famous university. A．as soon as B．because of C．so that D．in order to ( )4．It is important to think about the good things in life and not focus on the ________ side of things. A．negative B．positive C．happy D．bright ( )5．When you feel upset, it’s not good to ________ yourself ________ from others. A．put; away B．shut; away C．take; away D．give; away ( )6．Sharing your problems with a trusted friend can help you ________ your worries ________. A．cut; in halves B．put; in half C．cut; in half D．put; in halves ( )7．I realized I was wrong, so I decided to ________ what I said. A．take away B．take back C．get into D．get across ( )8．We should ________ well not only at school but also outside. A．behave B．repeat C．control D．speak ( )9．—Is there ________ in the classroom? I need someone to help me carry books. —No, everyone went to the playground just now. A．anybody B．somebody C．nobody D．everybody ( )10．Parents always feel ________ when their children get good grades in exams. A．worried B．sad C．proud D．bored ( )11．The wind is blowing ________, and the weather will get even ________ in the afternoon. A．badly; bad B．bad; badly C．heavily; worse D．heavily; better ( )12．It’s not your ________. You don’t have to say sorry. A．award B．fault C．score D．decision ( )13．We should learn to ________ ourselves when we are in trouble. A．look after B．take care C．deal with D．worry about ( )14．—I failed the exam again. I feel so upset. —________! You will do better next time. A．Cheer up B．Hurry up C．Wake up D．Grow up ( )15．No matter what happens, you must ________ calm. A．regret B．remain C．require D．remind ( )16．Although they are twins, they think very ________ about most things. A．possibly B．carefully C．patiently D．differently ( )17．It’s not ________ for a 14-year-old to stay up until 2 a.m. You should go to bed earlier. A．normal B．popular C．mean D．mad ( )18．—What’s wrong with you? —I have a bad cold. —________. I hope you will be better soon. A．You’re welcome B．That’s all right C．It doesn’t matter D．I’m sorry to hear that ( )19．—How can we make progress? —We need to be ________ and solve problems on our own. A．independent B．conscious C．various D．supportive ( )20．We should ________ the bright side of life when we meet difficulties. A．look on B．look for C．look after D．look up ( )21．________ the Forbidden City is over 600 years old, _______ it is still very beautiful. A．Although; but B．/; although C．Although; / D．Because; so ( )22．To meet the ________ of the strict leaders, she stayed up to finish the work. A．secret B．pressure C．standard D．experience ( )23．My mother always encourages me ________ English every day. A．practicing speaking B．to practice speaking C．to practice to speak D．practice speaking ( )24．—I don’t think watching too many TV shows is good for teenagers. What’s your ________? —I agree with you. We should spend more time reading. A．purpose B．promise C．reason D．opinion ( )25．—Did he break the window ________? —Yes, he did it to get our attention. A．by accident B．by design C．by mistake D．in time 二、根据首字母提示完成句子（共20小题） 1．Making a quick d________ in an emergency can save lives. 2．The little boy is very c________ and he always asks questions. 3．She got a high s________ in the maths test and felt very happy. 4．We are all p________ of our country’s great achievements. 5．I didn’t break the window on p________. It was an accident. 6．Don’t worry. We have p________ of time to finish the work. 7．After the long race, he felt a b________ tired. 8．The wind changed the kite’s direction. The boy lost c________ of it and it fell into a tree. 9．People b________ in different ways in different cultures. 10．We should learn to d________ with our problems in our daily life. 11．We should r________ our parents because they love us. 12．Don’t be a________ of making mistakes. 13．My little sister was a________ until midnight because she was too excited about her birthday. 14．The p________ at work is making him feel stressed. 15．The swimming c________ taught the children how to stay safe in water. 16．After two hours’ discussion, we found a s________ to the maths puzzle. 17．If my mother knows I have been playing on my mobile phone for too long, she will get m________. 18．—I hear Wang Hong got first prize. —Yes, she went to Beijing to receive the a________. 19．Lisa was s________, because she never expected to get an A in maths. 20．She set a high s________ for herself in her studies. 三、完成句子（共15小题） 1．他直到父亲回来才停止玩游戏。 He ________ stop playing games ________ his father came back. 2．很抱歉。我刚才对你大喊大叫。 I’m sorry. I ________ you just now. 3．种植不仅是一种劳动实践，而且还能帮助我们学到很多东西。 Planting is ________ a kind of labour practice ________ a way to help us learn a lot. 4．如果你站在她的角度，就会明白她为何选择沉默。 If you ________ ________________________________, you’ll understand why she chose to stay silent. 5．贵州位于中国的西南部，这里有许多风景名胜和特色民族文化。 Guizhou is located in the southwest of China. There are ________ ________ places of interest and unique ethnic culture. 6．许多家长总是把自己的孩子与别人的孩子作比较。 Lots of parents are always ________ their own children ________ others’. 7．她从梦境中醒来。 She ________ ________ from her dream. 8．意识到自己的错误后，他决定收回那些伤人的话。 After realizing his mistake, he decided to ________ ________ his hurtful words. 9．如果我们继续团结一致，就一定能克服困难。 If we continue to ________ ________, we are sure to overcome the difficulty. 10．我保证今后会更加小心的。 I promise that I’ll be more careful ________ ________. 11．彼得昨天和他最好的朋友吵架了。 Peter ________ ________ his best friend yesterday. 12．我们为我们的团队感到骄傲。 We are ________ ________ our team. 13．老师建议我们每天读英语以便提高它。 The teacher advised us ________ English every day ________ we can improve it. 14．昨晚她一个人在家，感到有点忧郁。 She ________ ________ when she was alone at home last night. 15．健康的微生物可以帮助你的身体对抗疾病,帮助你的大脑应对压力。 Healthy microbes help your body ________ illnesses and help your brain ________ stress. 四、用所给词的适当形式填空（共20小题） 1．Thank you for your ________ (advise). They are very helpful. 2．I’m sorry. I didn’t mean ________ (hurt) your feelings. 3．The students who received the books were very ________ (thank). 4．It is ________ (joy) to listen to music and take a cup of coffee on a sunny afternoon. 5．The school will give out ________ (award) to top students at the end of the term. 6．We should ________ well because good ________ makes us popular at school. (behave) 7．Too much ________ (press) from schoolwork causes teenagers to feel stressed. 8．It was a great ________ to hear such a ________ story, and we all felt completely ________. (shock) 9．The young ________ (play) scored two goals in the final match, helping his team win the championship. 10．The doorbell ________ (ring) just as I was leaving. 11．He believed he would make them feel ________ (pride) of him. 12．Don’t get so ________ (anger) over the little thing. 13．He made a ________ (decide) to train harder. 14．Peter felt a bit ________ (good) than before. 15．People may describe the same thing__________ (different). 16．He stayed ________ (wake) the whole night because he was worried about his exam. 17．It’s not easy ________ (deal) with so much work in one day. 18．Remember to tell your teachers and parents at once if somebody________ (bully) you at school. 19．After a long day, he felt ________ (relax) listening to music. 20．Please speak ________ so that everyone can hear you. (clear) 五、选词填空（共20小题） A篇 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 run across air loud pressure because advise argue I clear Last Wednesday was a terrible day for me. I (1) _______________ with my best friend Nina in the playground. She thought that I always decided what game we played. I was angry (2) _______________ I thought we were just sharing ideas. Our voices grew much (3) _______________, and I even said some hurtful words. That night, I sat in my room alone with tears (4) _______________ down my face. My mum noticed I was in low spirits. She sat next to (5) _______________. “Why do you look so sad, Mary?” asked Mum. I told Mum the fact in a lower voice than usual. Mum listened to me carefully. “Maybe you didn’t express your meaning (6) _______________,” Mum said with a smile. “Nina is a good child and she is kind. If you get your messages (7) _______________ and keep calm, I’m sure you could avoid the fight.” I nodded. “What should I do then?” I then asked. Mum (8) _______________, “True friendship needs care and understanding from both sides, and (9) _______________ from activities shouldn’t influence your friendship. I think you should talk about your feelings instead of keeping them in your heart. The best way to clear the (10) _______________ is to say sorry to her.” The next day, I apologized to Nina. Then we both laughed happily. B篇 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从方框中选出合适的词填空，并将答案填写到答题卡的相应位置。每个词限用一次。 purpose negative when calm emotion in control however alone improve Having emotions is a great benefit for humans. While we might think some feelings are good and others bad, the fact is, all kinds of (1) _______________ are important to our health. Even so-called (2) _______________ feelings like anxiety (焦虑) have an important role in keeping us safe and healthy. First, anxiety helps protect us from danger. For example, if we’re riding a bike on a rocky road (3) _______________, a healthy amount of anxiety can encourage us to keep our eyes open on the road. It’s part of our body's response (反应) and it has a clear (4) _______________ to protect us from danger. Anxiety also(5) _______________ our motivation (积极性). (6) _______________ we have a test, a bit of anxiety pushes us to study hard and be careful. (7) _______________, too much anxiety is harmful. We might have trouble sleeping or we might be (8) _______________low spirits all day. So, how can we (9) _______________ our anxiety? Try to take a deep breath from time to time. We can also have a talk with someone we trust. By talking with them, we will feel much (10) _______________ than before. Anxiety is not a bad emotion. If we can keep it under control, it can help us in certain situations. $