Unit5 Nature's Temper 第一课时 Section A 1a-2d 同步练习 2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit5 Nature's Temper单元同步课时练习 第一课时 Section A 1a-2d 【基础过关】 一、根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成句子。 1.People in Japan know how to stay safe during an ____________ (地震). 2.After a ____________ (台风) lands on Hainan Island, its wind speed usually becomes weaker. 3.Last year, a ____________ (野火) forced 31,000 people to leave their homes in Los Angeles. 4.A heavy ____________ (暴风雪) swept across Northern Europe in December 2025. 5.Many villages in India were under water because of the sudden ____________ (水灾). 6.The government sent water trains to help people in the ____________ (旱灾). 7.The singer began to ____________ (挥手) to us when the concert started. 8.People ran to higher places when the ____________ (海啸) came. 9.Many TV stations made a ____________ (报道) about Zhang Xue’s motorcycle winning the world race. 10.We stood on the ____________ (屋顶) to enjoy the whole view of the city at sunset. 二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1.孩子做家务时，他们能学会尊重父母。 When children ____________ ____________, they can learn to respect their parents. 2. 自然灾害发生期间会出现什么情况？ What happens during a ____________ ____________? 3. 在危险来临之际，我们必须迅速采取行动。 We must take action quickly ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ danger. 4. 2026 年世界杯将在三个国家举办。 The 2026 FIFA World Cup will ____________ ____________ in three countries. 5. 我正在做作业，大楼突然摇晃了起来。 I was doing my homework when the building shook ____________ ____________ __________ ____________. 【能力强化】 三、用括号内所给的单词的适当形式填空。 1. When the typhoon hit, my family ____________(have) dinner at home. 2. The children ran out, ____________(wave) their flags happily. 3. The weather here will ____________(possible) get warmer in the future. 4. They were preparing lunch when they ____________(hear) a loud noise. 5. We walked ____________(near) two hours to get to the top of the mountain. 6. After the storm, many roads got ____________(flood). 7. The ____________(interview) who spoke gently made me feel relaxed. 8. We must pay attention to ____________(protect) the environment. 9.We covered our window and ____________(move) our things off the floor. 10. She always checks her notes while ____________(prepare) for the exam. 四、选择填空。 ( )1. — I have to give up the football match because of my injured knee. — ________ A. Forget it B. Don't mention it C. It's up to you. 　　D. Sorry to hear that. ( )2. —Why did your father look so angry just now? —I stayed out late without telling him, making him lose his ______. A. mind B. heart C. temper 　 D. memory ( )3. —What does the International Red Cross do? —It often holds an ______ with people who want to become volunteers to help others. A. instruction 　 B. introduction C. invention 　　　 D. interview ( )4. —Mum, I feel like eating the wild mushrooms on the plate. —Don't do that! I ____ you not to eat them. They may cause serious illness. A. promise 　　 B. warn 　　 C. notice 　　　 D. choose ( )5. —Why did your brother rush out of the classroom in such a hurry? —He said his best friend was ________ and needed help. A. in person 　　 B. in trouble 　　　　 C. in public 　　　 D. in return ( )6. —Could you tell me some facts about the Artemis II astronauts? —Sure. You can ______ their information on the NASA website if you are interested. A. set up 　　 B. make up 　　　　 C. look up 　　　 D. take up ( )7. The famous poem "The wildfire can’t burn them all up; they grow again when spring wind blows." tells us ______. A. why do we protect nature 　　　　 B. life is full of hope C. when the spring wind comes 　　　　 D. how to stop wildfires 五、根据内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话。 Reporter: Excuse me. 1. ____________ Survivor: Yes, it was really terrible. 2. ____________ Reporter: Oh my god! Were you scared at that moment? Survivor: Definitely. 3. ____________ Reporter: What did you do to keep safe? Survivor: 4. ____________ Reporter: That was a wise choice. How about your neighbourhood? Survivor: 5. ____________Many houses were burned down by the big fire. Reporter: Did the firefighters come to rescue you in time? Survivor: Yes. 6. ____________ Reporter: Did you join the clean-up work after the fire? Survivor: Sure. 7. ____________ A. They were putting out the fire when we left our neighborhood safely. B. Did you have any trouble during the wildfire? C. I was doing my homework when the smoke started to fill our house suddenly. D. Oh, it was a total mess. E. We packed our bags quickly while my dad was calling the fire department for help. F. My neighbors and I helped with the clean-up in the community this morning. G. When the wildfire broke out, my family were having breakfast at home. 六、词与短语填空。 阅读下面短文，然后用下面方框中所给的单词或短语填空，使短文在结构、语意和逻辑上正确。（提示：方框中有两个单词或短语是多余的。） give away \ forming \ sign \ report \ powerful \ carry away \ suddenly A tsunami is a very large and 1. ____________ ocean wave, usually caused by earthquakes under the sea. When the ocean floor moves 2. ____________, huge amounts of water are pushed upward, 3. ____________ strong waves. As a tsunami travels across the ocean, it moves very fast. When it gets close to the coast, the water becomes shallow, and the waves grow taller and stronger. Tsunamis can destroy houses, 4. ____________ cars, and hurt people. Before a tsunami arrives, the sea often pulls back sharply. If you see the 5. ____________, you should run to higher ground at once. It is important to stay calm and follow safety rules. 1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________ 【拓展提升】 七、综合填空。 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 The sinking of the Titanic is one of the most famous 1 (disaster) in history. On April 10, 1912, the great ship set sail from Southampton, England. People thought it was the largest and 2 (safe) ship in the world at that time. However, its journey 3 (end) tragically. On April 14, 1912, during its first trip, the Titanic hit a huge iceberg in the cold North Atlantic Ocean. The ship was traveling fast at night. The iceberg cut 4 big hole in its side. Water filled the ship 5 (quick). Many people could not escape 6 the ship had too few lifeboats,. The Titanic sank in the early morning of April 15. More than 1,500 people lost their 7 (life). This terrible accident made people make better 8 (safe) rules for ships. Today, people still remember the Titanic 9 movies, books and exhibitions. It reminds us 10 (respect) nature and pay attention to safety. 1. ____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________ 6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ____________ 参考答案与解析 【基础过关】 一、根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成句子。 1. earthquake 2. typhoon 3. wildfire 4. snowstorm 5. flood 6. drought 7. wave 8. tsunami 9. report 10. roof 二、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1. do chores 2. natural disaster 3. at the time of 4. take place 5. all of a sudden 【能力强化】 三、用括号内所给的单词的适当形式填空。 1. were having 2. waving 3. possibly 4. heard 5. nearly 6. flooded 7. interviewer 8. protecting 9. moved 10. preparing 解析: 1. when引导时间状语从句，从句hit是一般过去时（瞬间短动作），主句表示台风来袭时正在进行的长动作，用过去进行时；family此处指全家人，为复数概念，因此用were having。 2. 句子已有谓语ran out，wave是伴随ran out同时发生的主动动作，用现在分词作伴随状语，因此填waving。 3. 修饰动词get需要用副词，形容词possible的副词形式是possibly，因此填possibly。 4. 主句were preparing是过去进行时（长动作），when引导的从句是突然发生的短动作，用一般过去时，hear的过去式是heard，因此填heard。 5. 此处需要表示“将近、几乎”的副词修饰时间two hours，near是表示方位的介词/形容词，变形为副词nearly符合句意，因此填nearly。 6.  get+过去分词构成被动结构，表示“被……”，roads是“被洪水淹没”的对象，flood的过去分词是flooded，因此填flooded。 7. 句子主语需要表示“人”的名词，interview（采访）加后缀-er变为interviewer（采访者），符合“说话温和的采访者让我放松”的句意，因此填interviewer。 8. pay attention to中的to是介词，介词后接动名词作宾语，因此protect要变为protecting。 9. and连接两个并列谓语，前一个谓语covered是一般过去时，后一个谓语需保持时态一致，move的过去式是moved，因此填moved。 10. while引导时间状语从句，当从句主语与主句主语一致（均为she）且从句含be动词时，可省略主语和be动词，完整句为while she is preparing，省略后为while preparing，因此填preparing。 四、选择填空。 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. B 解析： 1. 当对方告知因受伤要放弃比赛的坏消息时，需要表达同情与安慰。A选项“Sorry to hear that”是听到坏消息的标准礼貌回应，符合语境；B选项“Don't mention it”用于回应感谢，C选项“It's up to you”意为“由你决定”，D选项“Forget it”意为“算了/别提了”，均不符合语境，故选A。 2. 固定搭配 lose one's temper 意为“发脾气”，和“父亲生气”的语境完全匹配。A选项 lose one's mind 意为“发疯”，B选项 lose one's heart 意为“爱上”，D选项 lose one's memory 意为“失忆”，均不符合语境，故选C。 3. 根据“想要成为志愿者的人”这一语境，红十字会会对申请者进行面试。A选项 instruction 意为“指示、说明”，B选项 introduction 意为“介绍”，C选项 invention 意为“发明”，均不符合；D选项 interview 意为“面试”，符合语境，故选D。 4. 根据“野蘑菇可能引发严重疾病”的语境，妈妈是在警告孩子不要食用。A选项 promise 意为“承诺”，C选项 notice 意为“注意到”，D选项 choose 意为“选择”，均不符合；B选项 warn 意为“警告”，符合语境，故选B。 5. 根据“需要帮助”的语境，朋友是遇到了麻烦、处于困境中。A选项 in trouble 意为“处于困境中”，符合语境；B选项 in person 意为“亲自”，C选项 in public 意为“当众”，D选项 in return 意为“作为回报”，均不符合，故选A。 6. 根据“在NASA网站上获取宇航员信息”的语境，需要表示“查阅、查找”的短语。A选项 set up 意为“建立”，B选项 make up 意为“编造、组成”，D选项 take up 意为“占据、开始从事”，均不符合；C选项 look up 意为“查阅（信息）”，符合语境，故选C。 7. 这句诗出自白居易的《赋得古原草送别》，核心寓意是生命生生不息、充满希望。A选项是疑问句语序，不符合宾语从句的陈述语序要求；C选项仅描述诗句表面的“春风到来”，D选项“如何阻止野火”和诗句寓意无关；B选项 life is full of hope （生活充满希望）精准契合诗句的深层内涵，故选B。 五、根据内容，从方框中选择恰当的选项补全对话。 1. B　2. G 3. C 4. E 5. D 6. A 7. F 解析： 1.记者开篇提问，根据下文幸存者回答“Yes, it was really terrible.”，可知此处是一般疑问句，询问山火期间是否遇到麻烦。B选项“Did you have any trouble during the wildfire?”（山火期间你遇到麻烦了吗？）符合语境，是采访的开篇提问。 2.幸存者回应山火很可怕，接下来需要补充山火发生时的场景。G选项“When the wildfire broke out, my family were having breakfast at home.”（山火爆发时，我的家人正在家吃早餐），用when+过去进行时还原事发瞬间，承接上文的“terrible”，符合逻辑。 3.记者追问“你当时害怕吗？”，幸存者回答“当然”，需要补充害怕的原因。C选项“I was doing my homework when the smoke started to fill our house suddenly.”（我正在做作业，突然烟开始填满我们的房子），用when+过去进行时说明害怕的具体场景，承接上文的“scared”，符合语境。 4.记者提问“你做了什么来保证安全？”，需要回答具体的自救措施。E选项“We packed our bags quickly while my dad was calling the fire department for help.”（我们迅速收拾行李，同时爸爸打电话给消防部门求助），用while+过去进行时说明自救动作，直接回应问题，符合逻辑。 5.记者询问“你的社区怎么样？”，幸存者补充“很多房子被大火烧毁了”，需要先描述社区的整体状况。D选项“Oh, it was a total mess.”（哦，一片狼藉），总述社区的受灾情况，承接下文的具体破坏，符合语境。 6.记者提问“消防员及时来救你们了吗？”，幸存者回答“Yes”，需要补充消防员救援的细节。A选项“They were putting out the fire when we left our neighborhood safely.”（当我们安全离开社区时，他们正在灭火），用when+过去进行时还原救援场景，承接上文的肯定回答，符合逻辑。 7.记者提问“火灾后你参加清理工作了吗？”，幸存者回答“当然”，需要补充清理工作的具体情况。F选项“My neighbors and I helped with the clean-up in the community this morning.”（我和邻居今天早上帮忙清理社区），直接回应问题，作为对话收尾，符合语境。 六、词与短语填空。 1. powerful　2. suddenly　3. forming　4. carry away　5. sign 解析： 1. 空格处修饰名词短语“ocean wave”，需填形容词。方框中只剩 powerful（强大的）符合语境，意为“强大的海浪”，构成“a very large and powerful ocean wave”。 2. 空格处修饰动词“moves”，需填副词。描述海底移动的动作状态，suddenly（突然地）最符合逻辑，强调海底移动的瞬间性。 3. 逗号后表示自然而然的结果，需填现在分词作结果状语。forming（形成）代入后意为“大量海水被推上来，形成巨浪”，符合语法和逻辑。 4. 空格处与destroy、hurt并列，作情态动词can后的动词短语。carry away（冲走）符合海啸的破坏力特征，意为“摧毁房屋、冲走汽车、伤人”。 5.空格处作see的宾语，需填名词。前文提到“海水迅速后退”是海啸的预警信号，sign（信号）对应语境。 多余词汇说明 give away：赠送、泄露，不符合句意。report：报道、报告，名词/动词，此处无需填。 【拓展提升】 七、综合填空。 1. disasters 2. safest 3. ended 4. a 5. quickly 6. because 7. lives 8. safety 9. through 10. to respect 解析: 1. one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数是固定结构，表示“最……之一”，因此disaster变复数disasters。 2. and连接并列成分，与前面的the largest对应，需用safe的最高级safest ，表示“最安全的”。 3. 全文讲述泰坦尼克号的历史事件，用一般过去时，end的过去式为ended 。 4. hole 是可数名词单数，此处表示“一个大洞”，用不定冠词a修饰。 5. 修饰动词filled需用副词，quick的副词形式为quickly，表示“快速地”。 6. 前后句是因果关系，“很多人无法逃生”是因为“救生艇太少”，用连词because引导原因状语从句。 7. lose one's life表示“失去生命”，主语是More than 1,500 people ， life变复数lives 。 8. 此处作定语修饰 rules ，用名词 safety ，safety rules表示“安全规则”。 9. 表示“通过、凭借（电影、书籍等方式）”，用介词 through ，符合语境。 10.remind sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“提醒某人做某事”，因此用不定式to respect 。   学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $