精品解析：北京市广渠门中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中英语试题

北京市广渠门中学2024—2025学年度第二学期期中试题 高一年级英语学科 时间：90分钟 本试卷共5页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My friendship with the students in a primary school in Uganda started on a shaky ground. The____1____of not being understood was hidden within, for they spoke a language different from that of mine and mine too fell on deaf ears. I greeted them with a wide smile, and when I spoke further, they replied with ice cold____2____. A reminder echoed in my mind: you must live through it to get to them. So I gave it another try. I spoke____3____English with hand gestures and a bit of dancing. If all failed, the smile would____4____. Soon we picked up and then the____5____of the learners came into play. At the mention of a name, trembles and face covering were the response I got. I decided to____6____a desk with a team each day during group work to get closer. After school, I accompanied them home. ____7____, we became friends. They were even aware of my favorite fruit，avocado (牛油果). If I didn’t get one on my desk, it would____8____me wherever I was. My slippers were worn out. One night I left them out as no one could steal a pair of slippers in that state. The next morning, I was ready to drag my slippers on as usual and I was surprised they had been____9____. Wow! The little things we do for each other bring us great joy and warmth. We don’t have a proper spoken language, but we are fluent in the language of_____10_____. 1. A. anger B. fear C. confusion D. disappointment 2. A. agreement B. blame C. comment D. silence 3. A. simple B. official C. academic D. unusual 4. A. turn up B. break off C. take over D. fade away 5. A. shyness B. laziness C. loneliness D. calmness 6. A. clear B. share C. search D. exchange 7. A. Suddenly B. Obviously C. Accidentally D. Gradually 8. A. hit B. find C. catch D. hunt 9. A. packed B. cleaned C. repaired D. abandoned 10. A. sympathy B. admiration C. friendship D. confidence 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者在乌干达一所小学教英语，由于语言不通，作者与学生们从有隔阂，到师生之间为彼此做的小事，拉近了彼此间的距离。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们心中隐藏着一种不被理解的恐惧，因为他们说的语言与我的语言不同，我的语言也被置若罔闻。A. anger生气；B. fear害怕；C. confusion困惑；D. disappointment失望。根据“for they spoke a language different from that of mine and mine too fell on deaf ears.”可知，因为语言不通，所以彼此有着不被理解的恐惧。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以灿烂的笑容迎接他们，当我进一步说话时，他们以冰冷的沉默回答。A. agreement同意；B. blame责备；C. comment评论；D. silence沉默。根据“I greeted them with a wide smile, and when I spoke further,”及上文语言不通可知，学生们以冰冷的沉默回答作者。故选D。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我说着简单的英语，做着手势，还跳了一会儿舞。A. simple简单的；B. official官方的；C. academic学术的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据“with hand gestures and a bit of dancing.”可知，因为语言不通，作者说着简单的英语。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果一切都失败了，微笑就会取而代之。A. turn up出现；B. break off中断；C. take over接管；D. fade away逐渐消失。根据“If all failed,”可知，如果作者所做的一切都失败了，就用微笑取代。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很快就学会了，然后学习者的害羞开始起作用了。A. shyness害羞；B. laziness懒惰；C. loneliness孤独；D. calmness镇静。根据“At the mention of a name, trembles and face covering were the response I got.”可知，学生害怕被提问，所以是害羞。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在小组工作中，我决定每天与一组人共用一张桌子，以拉近彼此的距离。A. clear清理；B. share分享；C. search寻找；D. exchange交换。根据“during group work to get closer.”可知，作者每天与学生中的一组人共用一张桌子。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，我们成了朋友。A. Suddenly突然；B. Obviously明显地；C. Accidentally偶然地；D. Gradually逐渐地。根据“we became friends.”可知，作者和学生逐渐变成朋友。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我桌上没有，不管我在哪里，它都会找到我。A. hit打；B. find发现；C. catch抓住；D. hunt寻找。根据“They were even aware of my favorite fruit，avocado (牛油果). If I didn’t get one on my desk,”可知，这里指不管作者在哪里，学生们都会把牛油果送到作者那里。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我准备像往常一样拖着我的拖鞋，我惊讶地发现它们已经修好了。A. packed打包；B. cleaned清洁；C. repaired修理；D. abandoned抛弃。根据“My slippers were worn out.”可知，作者的坏拖鞋被学生修好。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们没有合适的口语，但我们的友谊语言很流利。A. sympathy同情；B. admiration羡慕；C. friendship友谊；D. confidence自信。根据“We don’t have a proper spoken language,”和转折词but可知，作者和学生之间虽然语言不通，但彼此间的友谊语言却很畅通。故选C。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 A little girl ran to her bedroom and pulled out her piggy bank from a secret drawer. She ___11___ (break) the piggy bank, took the change and counted it cautiously. She ___12___ (careful) placed the coins in a jar and then went out of the door. She made her way six blocks to a gift store. She waited patiently for the salesman ___13___ (give) her some attention but he was too busy attending other customers at that moment. At last, she successfully bought the gift and went back home. 【答案】11. broke 12. carefully 13. to give 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个小女孩从存钱罐里拿出零钱，去礼品店为某人买礼物的过程。 【11题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：她打碎了存钱罐，拿出零钱并小心翼翼地数了数。根据上下文，故事发生在过去，且and前后的took和counted为一般过去时，此处应用一般过去时。break的过去式为broke，故填broke。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：她小心翼翼地把硬币放进一个罐子里，然后走出了门。空格处修饰动词placed，应用副词形式。careful的副词形式为carefully，意为“小心地，仔细地”。故填carefully。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她耐心地等待售货员注意到她，但那时他正忙着接待其他顾客。固定搭配wait for sb. to do sth.，意为“等待某人做某事”，此处用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 There are two different ways to think about an old shipwreck (沉船). Some people value its financial worth. They ___14___ (spend) a lot of time and money searching for the wreck over the last decades. These people are usually referred to as treasure hunters. For other people, however, a ship ___15___ (lie) at the bottom of the sea is a valuable opportunity to study how citizens from past cultures lived and traveled. Those people are marine archaeologists, ___16___ study underwater historical sites. 【答案】14. have spent 15. lying 16. who 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了人们对待古代沉船的两种不同态度与视角：一类人寻找其经济价值，被称为寻宝者；另一类人看重其历史研究价值，即海洋考古学家。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在过去几十年里，他们花费了大量时间和金钱寻找这艘沉船。根据“over the last decades(在过去几十年里)”可知，此处应用现在完成时“have/has done”，表示从过去持续到现在的动作。主语they为复数，助动词用have，spend的过去分词为spent。故填have spent。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，对另一些人来说，一艘躺在海底的船是研究古代文化居民生活与出行方式的宝贵机会。本句已有谓语动词is，且与所给动词之间无连词，空格处应用非谓语形式。此处用现在分词作后置定语，修饰a ship；且a ship与lie之间为主动关系，故用现在分词lying。故填lying。 16题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这些人是海洋考古学家，他们研究水下历史遗址。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“marine archaeologists(海洋考古学家)”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导。故填who。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Chime bells, biān zhōng, are the most holy ancient instrument in China. ___17___ (regard) as a symbol of power, they are used for sacrificial ceremonies or other crucial ceremonies. They ___18___ (compose) of bells in different scales. The bells are played by mallets (木槌), ___19___ (create) the sounds of seven musical scales, much like the piano. What’s more amazing is that one bell can generate two notes when ___20___ (strike) at different spots. Its exquisite cast and pure sound can reveal the high level of ancient Chinese civilization and wisdom. 【答案】17. Regarded 18. are composed 19. creating 20. struck 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代最神圣的乐器——编钟，包括其用途、构成、演奏方式以及独特的一钟双音特点，展现了中国古代文明与智慧的高度。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：编钟被视为权力的象征，用于祭祀仪式或其他重要典礼。本句已有谓语动词are used，且与所给动词之间无连词，空格处应用非谓语动词；逻辑主语“They(指代编钟)”与regard之间为被动关系，故用过去分词Regarded作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Regarded。 【18题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它们由不同音阶的钟组成。描述客观事实，用一般现在时；短语be composed of意为“由……组成”，主语They为复数，be动词用are。故填are composed。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些钟用木槌敲击，产生七个音阶的声音，很像钢琴。本句已有谓语动词are played，且与所给动词之间无连词，空格处应用非谓语动词；create与逻辑主语The bells之间为主动关系，故用现在分词creating。故填creating。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更神奇是，当在不同位置敲击时，一个钟可以发出两个音。when引导省略的时间状语从句，即当从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词。one bell与strike是被动关系，完整结构为“when it is struck”，所以使用过去分词struck。故填struck。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Youth Science Discovery Experience The Youth Science Discovery Experience (YSDE) teams students and teachers with practicing scientists to pursue semester-long (整个学期) projects in fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Goals ·Introduce new scientific topics, especially those not typically covered in traditional courses in high schools. ·Encourage lifelong learning in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. ·Develop science reasoning skills and an understanding of the scientific research process. ·Prepare students to face challenges of college, career, and continuing education. Program Overview The YSDE program uses a project-based learning model. Each research team consists of six tenth-grade students, one teacher, and one practicing scientist. Together the team investigates an area of current scientific concern. The program integrates in-residence experiences with continuing education activities conducted in the students’ and teacher’s school setting. YSDE begins with a five-day residential session in the center where students will learn principles of scientific inquiry. Each research team works with its scientist to plan an approach to its project. Session in residence allows YSDE members to participate in the magnificent outdoor natural laboratory provided by the surrounding national forests. Then the teams return to their home institutions and continue working on research projects throughout the semester. YSDE concludes with a final session in residence where teams present their research. Program Features Physical Environment YSDE facilities include science laboratories, a computer center, and arts and music studios. The area provides an outstanding natural laboratory for teaching and experimentation. Being separated from the usual disturbances of cities provides a nurturing atmosphere. Intensive (集中的), Cooperative Learning The residential part of YSDE offers near “around-the-clock” learning opportunities in a challenging yet friendly setting. Cooperative learning encourages teamwork and cooperative skills, using science as a common language to allow students to learn from peers, staff, and visiting experts. Professional Partnerships YSDE’s relationship with partner organizations helps complete the program. Partner organizations are selected and invited on their interest in developing project-based learning activities for students in high school. YSDE’s partnerships with organizations like the Canaan Valley Institute and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory provide unique access to world-class facilities and human resources. For more information about YSDE, please visit our website at www.nysf.com, or write to us at Post Office Box 715, Charleston, WV 15358-352. 21. One of the purposes of YSDE is to _______. A provide young scientists with assistance B. promote the mode of science thinking C. introduce new university courses D. encourage education research 22. The YSDE program participants will _______. A. do research in the natural environment B. spend five days organizing the program C. live in the center throughout the semester D. present research results in their own schools 23. What makes the YSDE program special? A. Competitive learning atmosphere. B. Access to various physical activities. C. Methods of acquiring science language. D. Support from cooperative organizations. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了“青年科学发现体验”项目，包括其目标、概况和特色。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中Goals下的“Develop science reasoning skills and an understanding of the scientific research process. (培养科学推理能力，并理解科学研究过程。)”可知，该项目的目标之一是推广科学思维模式。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中Program Overview第二段的“Session in residence allows YSDE members to participate in the magnificent outdoor natural laboratory provided by the surrounding national forests. (驻地学习期间，YSDE成员可利用周围国家森林提供的壮丽户外自然实验室进行活动。)”可知，项目参与者将在自然环境中进行研究。故选A项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中Program Features下Professional Partnerships中的“YSDE’s partnerships with organizations like the Canaan Valley Institute and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory provide unique access to world-class facilities and human resources. (YSDE与迦南谷研究所、国家射电天文台等机构的合作提供了接触世界级设施和人力资源的独特机会。)”可知，该项目的特别之处在于合作机构的支持。故选D项。 B A group of blue-faced birds step through the grass shoulder to shoulder, red eyes looking around. They look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime. Perhaps they’re not so different. A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies. In the past, scientists assumed such social structures required a lot of brainpower. But the pea-brained guineafowl are revealing the faults in that assumption. These large birds wander across the landscape in packs, often walking so closely that their bodies touch. They may fight each other to maintain their strict hierarchies (等级制度), but at other times they engage in friendly behaviours like sharing food. Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society. For a whole year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart. They also attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds, which let them see exactly where every group went, 24 hours a day. The findings of the research suggest that the vulturine guineafowl have a multilevel society. There are groups within groups within the population as a whole. There even seem to be groups of friends within the small groups. This is the first time anyone has observed such a society in a bird. And Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular bird's tiny brain size: “They don’t only have small brains relative to mammals (哺乳动物), they also have quite small brains relative to other birds,” he said. According to him, living in this kind of society might actually make it easier to keep track of the social order. For example, if groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group, it knows which group it’s looking at — no need for a brain that can recognize every single animal. Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizes based on whatever challenges they’re facing. Depending on what enemies or resources are around, it might make sense to travel in a combined group rather than a smaller one. “Having a multilevel structure may not require having a large brain,” Dr. Farine said. There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own. 24. According to the passage, what inspired Dr. Farine to carry out the study? A. The guineafowl’s social behaviour. B. Previous assumptions about birds. C. His interest in animal brainpower. D. The faults in earlier research. 25. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The research subjects. B. The research methods. C. The research findings. D. The research equipment. 26. What can be learned from the passage? A. Complex social systems can be a disadvantage to the guineafowl. B. The guineafowl are good at recognizing individuals in a group. C. Birds maintain social order by travelling in combined groups. D. Small-brained animals can form multilevel societies. 27. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To present the findings of a study of the guineafowl. B. To explain the interaction patterns in multilevel societies. C. To introduce a new approach to observing the guineafowl. D. To uncover clues about how complex societies are formed. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. D 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对非洲东部珠鸡的社会结构进行的研究，发现这种小型脑容量的鸟类也具有多层次社会结构，挑战了“复杂社会需要大容量大脑”的传统假设。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“They look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime. Perhaps they’re not so different.(它们看起来像午餐时间找食堂餐桌的中学生。也许它们并没有那么不同。)”以及第四段中“Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society.(由于怀疑珠鸡可能有社会结构，Farine博士和他的同事们开始对其社会进行深入研究。)”可知，是珠鸡的社会行为启发了Farine博士开展这项研究。故选A。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中“For a whole year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart. They also attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds(整整一年，他们每天观察441只鸟。独特组合的彩色腿环让研究人员能够区分这些黑蓝色的鸟。他们还在58只鸟的背部安装了GPS设备)”可知，本段主要描述了研究的具体方法，包括观察、标记和GPS追踪。因此本段主要讲研究方法。故选B。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Having a multilevel structure may not require having a large brain,” Dr. Farine said. There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own.(“拥有多层次结构可能并不需要一个大容量的大脑。”Farine博士说。可能还有更多的鸟类和其他动物，虽然脑容量小，但拥有和我们一样多层次的社会。)”可知，小脑动物也能形成多层次社会。故选D。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies. (一项由研究集体行为的鸟类学家Damien Farine领导的新研究表明，东非的珠鸡和人类一样，拥有多层次的社会结构。)”以及全文围绕该研究的发现展开可知，文章的主要目的是介绍关于珠鸡的研究成果。故选A。 D For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things. Stressing successes isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. An alternative answer to the question “Why trust science?” is that scientists use the so-called scientific method. If you’ve got a high school science textbook lying around, you’ll probably find that answer in it. But what is typically thought to be the scientific method — develop a hypothesis (假设), then design an experiment to test it — isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things. If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the reason for trust in science? The answer is how those claims are evaluated. The common element in modern science, regardless of the specific field or the particular methods being used, is the strict scrutiny (审查) of claims. It’s this tough, sustained process that works to make sure faulty claims are rejected. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a lengthy “peer review” because the reviewers are experts in the same field who have both the right and the obligation (责任) to find faults. A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads. In areas that have been contested, like climate science and vaccine safety, it’s thousands. This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim. And this is why diversity in science — the more people looking at a claim from different angles — is important. Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revising a claim on the basis of new evidence. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.” While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical (矛盾的): that science produces both novelty and stability. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness. 28. How does the author think of the scientific method? A. Stable. B. Persuasive. C. Unreliable. D. Unrealistic. 29. What does the underlined word “vetted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Explained. B. Examined. C. Repeated. D. Released. 30. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______. A. it is not persuasive to reject those faulty claims B. settled science tends to be collectively overturned C. a leading expert cannot play a decisive role in a scrutiny D. diversity in knowledge is the common element in science 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Put Your Faith in Science B. Defend the Truth in Science C. Apply Your Mind to Science D. Explore A Dynamic Way to Science 【答案】28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了为什么科学值得我们信任。 28题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中的But what is typically thought to be the scientific method — develop a hypothesis (假设), then design an experiment to test it — isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things.可知，但是通常被认为是科学方法的方法——提出一个假设，然后设计一个实验来验证它——并不是科学家们真正在做的。科学是动态的：新方法被发明；旧的被遗弃；有时，科学家们会做很多不同的事情。由此可知，作者认为科学不是一成不变的，是新的方法不断发明，取代旧的方法。即科学方法不是固定的，不可信赖的，我们不能一成不变地依赖一种方法。故选C项。 【29题详解】 词义猜测题。由划线词所在句前文A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively.可知，科学判断的一个关键方面是集体判断。由此推知，划线词所在句No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads.意为“只有经过几十个（如果不是几百个）负责人的审查，观点才会被接受。”由此可知，划线词意为“审查，仔细检查”。故选B项。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。由第四段中的A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads.(科学判断的一个关键方面是集体判断。只有经过几十个（如果不是几百个）负责人的审查，观点才会被接受)及This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim.(这就是为什么当一个科学家，即使是一个非常著名的科学家，不同意这种观点时，我们通常没有理由过分担心)可知，科学观点是经过多人审查的，而某一个人，即使是非常著名的科学家也不能在审查中起决定性作用。故选C项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things. (几十年来，一直存在着一场广泛的、有组织的运动，旨在引起人们对科学的不信任，其资助者是那些其利益和意识形态受到现代科学发现威胁的人。作为回应，科学家们倾向于强调科学的成功。毕竟，科学家在大多数事情上都是正确的)及最后一段中的Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness.(面对新的证据，科学家的确会改变主意，但这是科学的强项，而不是弱点)可知，文章主要论述了我们为什么要相信科学。由此可知，A. Put Your Faith in Science(相信科学)适合做本文最佳标题。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Changing Landscape of the Music Business The music industry is in the process of a great change. In the past decades, artists made money through physical sales of records, CDs, and cassettes. While in recent years, downloading songs from services such as Amazon or iTunes has become the most common way for people to purchase music, and the whole idea of buying music to own may be falling. To take its place are Internet apps that stream music directly to listeners on their smartphones, tablets, or computers.____32____While this is great for fans, who now have access to millions of songs at the flick of a touchscreen, it has shattered the traditional model of how an artist manages his or her career. With music lovers increasingly moving away from making one-time purchases towards an all-you-can-listen-to service, what is a hard-working artist to do? The main problem facing many musicians is that payments-per-stream of a song are much lower than what an artist would receive from a download. ____33____In November of 2014, award-winning musician Taylor Swift pulled her entire music catalog from Spotify, a popular streaming app, claiming that their business model suggests that music does not hold much worth. ____34____They claim that it offers smaller artists a chance for their music to get heard by a wider audience. Brian Message, manager of the band Radiohead, has come out in support of streaming services. He sees them as a way for musicians and fans to interact. Regardless of what artists may think about this change in the music industry, there’s no arguing that they need to adapt in order to make money.____35____ Corporate sponsorship can be a risky option for musicians. A band can make much money by agreeing to promote a product or license its music for use in advertisements, but there are many ways that this can backfire. When bands work with businesses, they may lose the image they have worked to create.____36____Artists must develop an image that appeals to their fans in order to remain unique and authentic, or they risk striking .the wrong chord, which could leave them struggling to sustain careers in this new business landscape. A. Others have welcomed the idea of streaming music. B. However, those forms of media are quickly fading away. C. Some big-name artists have called attention to the issue. D. The rules could be different for smaller bands just starting out. E. Maintaining a fine image while working on a career is certainly tricky. F. One major shift is the growth in partnership between artists and businesses. G. These apps are available either as free versions or as monthly subscription services. 【答案】32. G 33. C 34. A 35. F 36. E 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章描写了流媒体的发展对于现如今音乐人的影响。 【32题详解】 根据后文“While this is great for fans, who now have access to millions of songs at the flick of a touchscreen, it has shattered the traditional model of how an artist manages his or her career.（虽然这对歌迷来说是件好事，他们现在只需轻触触摸屏就可以访问数百万首歌曲，但它打破了艺术家管理自己职业生涯的传统模式。）”可猜测，划线句可描写这些应用程序的功能特点是如何打破艺术家管理自己职业生涯的传统模式的。G选项“These apps are available either as free versions or as monthly subscription services.”（这些应用程序要么提供免费版本，要么提供月度订阅服务。）符合题意，且选项中的these apps呼应上文的Internet apps。故选G项。 【33题详解】 根据前文“The main problem facing many musicians is that payments-per-stream of a song are much lower than what an artist would receive from a download.（许多音乐家面临的主要问题是，每流歌曲的付费远远低于艺术家从下载中获得的费用。）”以及下文“In November of 2014, award-winning musician Taylor Swift pulled her entire music catalog from Spotify, a popular streaming app, claiming that their business model suggests that music does not hold much worth.”（2014年11月，获奖音乐家泰勒·斯威夫特(Taylor Swift)从流行流媒体应用Spotify下架了她的全部音乐目录，声称Spotify的商业模式表明音乐没有多少价值。）可猜测，有些音乐家已经针对这个问题采取行动。C选项“Some big-name artists have called attention to the issue.”（一些大牌艺术家已经引起了人们对这个问题的关注。）符合题意，下文提到的Taylor Swift就是big-name artists中的一个。故选C项。 【34题详解】 根据下文“They claim that it offers smaller artists a chance for their music to get heard by a wider audience.（他们声称这为小艺术家提供了一个机会，让他们的音乐被更广泛的观众听到。）”可知，也有其他人赞同流媒体的发展。A选项“Others have welcomed the idea of streaming music.”（其他人则对流媒体音乐的想法表示欢迎。）符合题意，故选A项。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Regardless of what artists may think about this change in the music industry, there’s no arguing that they need to adapt in order to make money.（不管艺术家们对音乐行业的这种变化有什么看法，毫无疑问，为了赚钱，他们需要适应。）”以及下文“Corporate sponsorship can be a risky option for musicians.（对音乐家来说，企业赞助可能是一个冒险的选择。）”可知，这个变化与音乐家和企业赞助有关系。F选项“One major shift is the growth in partnership between artists and businesses.”（一个主要的变化是艺术家和企业之间的合作关系的增长。）符合题意，故选F项。 【36题详解】 根据下文“Artists must develop an image that appeals to their fans in order to remain unique and authentic, or they risk striking the wrong chord, which could leave them struggling to sustain careers in this new business landscape.（为了保持独特和真实，艺术家们必须塑造出能吸引粉丝的形象，否则他们就有可能引起错误的共鸣，这可能会让他们在新的商业环境下难以维持职业生涯。）”可知，保持良好形象很重要也很困难。E选项“Maintaining a fine image while working on a career is certainly tricky.”（在事业上保持良好的形象当然是很棘手的。）符合题意，故选E项。 第三部分：阅读表达（共3小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题5分，共9分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Digital Inclusion for Older Adults As a researcher in the behavior of older adults, I regularly hear complaints from them like, “I’m just not part of this world anymore. In certain parts of society, I just can’t join... Some things just are not possible if you are not in the flow of the Internet.” or “We feel like we’re standing outside a building that we have not access to.” Today, mastering digital technology has become a key component of what it means to fully participate in society. But one area in particular threatens to prevent some older adults from making connections: the digital divide. As a recent study shows, one-third of adults aged 65 and older say they’ve never used the Internet, and half don’t have Internet access at home. Of those who do use the Internet, nearly half say they need someone else’s help to set up or use a new digital device. In contrast to concerns about technology use increasing isolation (孤立；隔离) among younger populations, the communication and connection possible online can be especially valuable for older adults who are homebound, live far away from family, or have lost the loved ones. Older adults can use online tools to connect with friends and family via messaging platforms, video chat, and social media even if they can no longer physically visit them. And they can engage with the outside world through news, blogs, streaming platforms, and email, even if they are no longer able to move about as easily as they once could. For older adults in particular, the risks associated with social isolation are profound. Loneliness among older adults has been associated with depression, functional decline, and death. Technology can serve as an important tool to help reduce these risks, but only if we provide older adults with the skills they need, to make inclusion in the digital world accessible to them. The importance of digital inclusion is not going to disappear with the generational changes of the coming decades. Technology is continuously developing, and with each new digital innovation come challenges for even younger adults to adapt. 37. What prevents some older adults from connecting with society? ______________________________________________________ 38. According to paragraph 4,how does technology benefit older adults? ______________________________________________________ 39. Please briefly present your opinion on digital inclusion. (about 40 words) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】37. The digital divide prevents some older adults from connecting with society. 38. Technology helps older adults connect with friends and family through online tools and engage with the outside world, reducing isolation. 39. Digital inclusion is essential for older adults to stay connected and reduce loneliness. Providing them with digital skills ensures they can participate fully in society, benefiting their mental and physical health. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了老年人面临的数字鸿沟问题，阐述了数字技术对老年人减少孤独、融入社会的重要意义，并强调了数字包容的长期价值。 【37题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“But one area in particular threatens to prevent some older adults from making connections: the digital divide.(但有一个领域尤其可能阻碍一些老年人建立联系：数字鸿沟)”可知，阻碍一些老年人与社会联系的是数字鸿沟。故答案为The digital divide prevents some older adults from connecting with society. 【38题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段“Older adults can use online tools to connect with friends and family via messaging platforms, video chat, and social media even if they can no longer physically visit them. And they can engage with the outside world through news, blogs, streaming platforms, and email, even if they are no longer able to move about as easily as they once could.(老年人可以利用在线工具通过消息平台、视频通话和社交媒体与朋友和家人保持联系，即便他们无法亲自去探望他们也是如此。而且他们可以通过新闻、博客、流媒体平台和电子邮件与外界保持联系，即便他们不再像过去那样行动自如了)”可知，技术通过在线工具帮助老年人联系亲友并参与外部世界，减少孤立。故答案为Technology helps older adults connect with friends and family through online tools and engage with the outside world, reducing isolation. 【39题详解】 考查观点态度。本题为开放性题目，要求阐述对数字包容的看法。作答时需围绕数字包容对老年人的重要性展开。根据文章主旨，数字包容能帮助老年人减少孤独感、融入社会并提升身心健康。因此，答案可围绕“数字包容很重要”、“提供数字技能”和“促进社会参与、有益健康”等要点展开。比如：数字包容对于老年人保持联系并减少孤独感至关重要。为他们提供数字技能能够确保他们能够充分融入社会，从而有益于他们的身心健康。故答案为Digital inclusion is essential for older adults to stay connected and reduce loneliness. Providing them with digital skills ensures they can participate fully in society, benefiting their mental and physical health. 第四部分：方框填词（共8小题；每小题1分，共8分） 根据语境，选用方框中词的恰当形式填空，每词只能使用一次。 tend access operate aim enable inspire whisper charge assume perform 40. She _________ by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. 41. Lin Qiaozhi was more interested in _________ patients, publishing medical research on care for woman and children. 42. _________ something into his ear, she obviously doesn’t want to be heard by others. 43. During the _________, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour worrying about him. 44. Judy and I parked our car in the nearby square so that we can get our car battery _________. 45. Filled with team spirit, they act as a whole, always _________ for glory. 46. Whitacre received some videos from his fans and joined them together into one _________. 47. A virtual choir _________ people to add their voices to those of other individuals and offers them a chance to become part of the global community. 【答案】40. was inspired 41. tending 42. Whispering 43. operation 44. charged 45. aiming 46. performance 47. enables 【解析】 【40题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：她受到网友的鼓舞，决定创办一个IT俱乐部来教老年人如何使用电脑和互联网。根据句意及“by the people”可知，此处表示“被鼓舞”，要用被动语态；事情发生在过去，用一般过去时。inspire意为“鼓舞，启发”，其一般过去时的被动形式为was inspired。故填was inspired。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：林巧稚更热衷于照料病人，发表关于妇女儿童护理的医学研究。根据句意及“patients”可知，此处表示“照顾、照料”，tend意为“照料，护理”；介词in后接动名词形式。故填tending。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她对着他的耳朵小声说着什么，显然不想让别人听到。根据句意及“doesn’t want to be heard”可知，此处表示“低声说”，whisper意为“小声说，耳语”；句子主语she与whisper为主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语，位于句首首字母大写。故填Whispering。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：手术期间，她在候诊室坐了一个多小时，为他担心。根据句意及“waiting room”可知，此处表示“手术”，operate意为“动手术”，其名词形式为operation；during the operation表示“在手术期间”。故填operation。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：朱迪和我把车停在附近的广场，这样我们就能给汽车电池充电。根据句意及“car battery”可知，此处表示“充电”，charge意为“给……充电”；battery与charge为被动关系，用get sth. done结构。故填charged。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们充满团队精神，作为一个整体行动，始终志在荣誉。根据句意及“for glory”可知，此处表示“旨在，力争”，aim for意为“以……为目标”；主语they与aim为主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填aiming。 【46题详解】 考查名词。句意：惠特克收到了粉丝的一些视频，并把它们合成了一个表演。根据句意可知，此处表示“表演”，perform意为“表演”，其名词形式为performance；one后接单数名词。故填performance。 【47题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：虚拟合唱团使人们能够把自己的声音加入到其他人的声音中，并为他们提供成为全球社区一部分的机会。根据句意及“people to”可知，此处表示“使能够”，enable意为“使能够”；句子为一般现在时，主语A virtual choir为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填enables。 第五部分：作文（15分） 48. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。市青年联合会面向全球发起“青春之歌”主题原创诗歌征集活动。请你用英文给英国好友Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.介绍活动； 2.邀请参与。 参考词汇：青年联合会Youth Federation 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim I am writing to invite you to participate in an original English poetry contest, the theme of which is “Song of Youth”. This event was initiated by the Youth Federation to solicit poems from students all over the world. Poems can be about youthful friendship, love or confusion and must be written in English. Not only can you describe your life in the poems, but also you can express your opinions on these topics. The content of the poems must be healthy and positive. The works should be submitted as a document and sent to literature@163.com. Every student is welcome to take part in this activity as long as you are interested in English poetry. Look forward to your participation. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文写作。要求考生给英国好友Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加以“青春之歌”为主题的原创诗歌征集活动。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 比赛：contest→competition 表达：express→voice 主题：topic→theme 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This event was initiated by the Youth Federation to solicit poems from students all over the world. 拓展句：This event was initiated by the Youth Federation, which is to solicit poems from students all over the world. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Not only can you describe your life in the poems, but also you can express your opinions on these topics.(not only引导的倒装句) [高分句型2]Every student is welcome to take part in this activity as long as you are interested in English poetry.(as long as引导的状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市广渠门中学2024—2025学年度第二学期期中试题 高一年级英语学科 时间：90分钟 本试卷共5页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My friendship with the students in a primary school in Uganda started on a shaky ground. The____1____of not being understood was hidden within, for they spoke a language different from that of mine and mine too fell on deaf ears. I greeted them with a wide smile, and when I spoke further, they replied with ice cold____2____. A reminder echoed in my mind: you must live through it to get to them. So I gave it another try. I spoke____3____English with hand gestures and a bit of dancing. If all failed, the smile would____4____. Soon we picked up and then the____5____of the learners came into play. At the mention of a name, trembles and face covering were the response I got. I decided to____6____a desk with a team each day during group work to get closer. After school, I accompanied them home. ____7____, we became friends. They were even aware of my favorite fruit，avocado (牛油果). If I didn’t get one on my desk, it would____8____me wherever I was. My slippers were worn out. One night I left them out as no one could steal a pair of slippers in that state. The next morning, I was ready to drag my slippers on as usual and I was surprised they had been____9____. Wow! The little things we do for each other bring us great joy and warmth. We don’t have a proper spoken language, but we are fluent in the language of_____10_____. 1. A. anger B. fear C. confusion D. disappointment 2. A. agreement B. blame C. comment D. silence 3. A. simple B. official C. academic D. unusual 4. A. turn up B. break off C. take over D. fade away 5. A. shyness B. laziness C. loneliness D. calmness 6. A. clear B. share C. search D. exchange 7. A. Suddenly B. Obviously C. Accidentally D. Gradually 8. A. hit B. find C. catch D. hunt 9. A. packed B. cleaned C. repaired D. abandoned 10. A. sympathy B. admiration C. friendship D. confidence 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 A little girl ran to her bedroom and pulled out her piggy bank from a secret drawer. She ___11___ (break) the piggy bank, took the change and counted it cautiously. She ___12___ (careful) placed the coins in a jar and then went out of the door. She made her way six blocks to a gift store. She waited patiently for the salesman ___13___ (give) her some attention but he was too busy attending other customers at that moment. At last, she successfully bought the gift and went back home. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 There are two different ways to think about an old shipwreck (沉船). Some people value its financial worth. They ___14___ (spend) a lot of time and money searching for the wreck over the last decades. These people are usually referred to as treasure hunters. For other people, however, a ship ___15___ (lie) at the bottom of the sea is a valuable opportunity to study how citizens from past cultures lived and traveled. Those people are marine archaeologists, ___16___ study underwater historical sites. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Chime bells, biān zhōng, are the most holy ancient instrument in China. ___17___ (regard) as a symbol of power, they are used for sacrificial ceremonies or other crucial ceremonies. They ___18___ (compose) of bells in different scales. The bells are played by mallets (木槌), ___19___ (create) the sounds of seven musical scales, much like the piano. What’s more amazing is that one bell can generate two notes when ___20___ (strike) at different spots. Its exquisite cast and pure sound can reveal the high level of ancient Chinese civilization and wisdom. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Youth Science Discovery Experience The Youth Science Discovery Experience (YSDE) teams students and teachers with practicing scientists to pursue semester-long (整个学期) projects in fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Goals ·Introduce new scientific topics, especially those not typically covered in traditional courses in high schools. ·Encourage lifelong learning in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. ·Develop science reasoning skills and an understanding of the scientific research process. ·Prepare students to face challenges of college, career, and continuing education. Program Overview The YSDE program uses a project-based learning model. Each research team consists of six tenth-grade students, one teacher, and one practicing scientist. Together the team investigates an area of current scientific concern. The program integrates in-residence experiences with continuing education activities conducted in the students’ and teacher’s school setting. YSDE begins with a five-day residential session in the center where students will learn principles of scientific inquiry. Each research team works with its scientist to plan an approach to its project. Session in residence allows YSDE members to participate in the magnificent outdoor natural laboratory provided by the surrounding national forests. Then the teams return to their home institutions and continue working on research projects throughout the semester. YSDE concludes with a final session in residence where teams present their research. Program Features Physical Environment YSDE facilities include science laboratories, a computer center, and arts and music studios. The area provides an outstanding natural laboratory for teaching and experimentation. Being separated from the usual disturbances of cities provides a nurturing atmosphere. Intensive (集中的), Cooperative Learning The residential part of YSDE offers near “around-the-clock” learning opportunities in a challenging yet friendly setting. Cooperative learning encourages teamwork and cooperative skills, using science as a common language to allow students to learn from peers, staff, and visiting experts. Professional Partnerships YSDE’s relationship with partner organizations helps complete the program. Partner organizations are selected and invited on their interest in developing project-based learning activities for students in high school. YSDE’s partnerships with organizations like the Canaan Valley Institute and the National Radio Astronomy Observatory provide unique access to world-class facilities and human resources. For more information about YSDE, please visit our website at www.nysf.com, or write to us at Post Office Box 715, Charleston, WV 15358-352. 21. One of the purposes of YSDE is to _______. A. provide young scientists with assistance B. promote the mode of science thinking C. introduce new university courses D. encourage education research 22. The YSDE program participants will _______. A. do research in the natural environment B. spend five days organizing the program C. live in the center throughout the semester D. present research results in their own schools 23. What makes the YSDE program special? A. Competitive learning atmosphere. B. Access to various physical activities. C. Methods of acquiring science language. D. Support from cooperative organizations. B A group of blue-faced birds step through the grass shoulder to shoulder red eyes looking around. They look like middle schoolers seeking a cafeteria table at lunchtime. Perhaps they’re not so different. A new study, led by Damien Farine, an ornithologist who studies collective behaviour, shows that the vulturine guineafowl of eastern Africa, like humans, have multilevel societies. In the past, scientists assumed such social structures required a lot of brainpower. But the pea-brained guineafowl are revealing the faults in that assumption. These large birds wander across the landscape in packs, often walking so closely that their bodies touch. They may fight each other to maintain their strict hierarchies (等级制度), but at other times they engage in friendly behaviours like sharing food. Suspecting the guineafowl might have a social structure, Dr. Farine and his colleagues began a thorough study of their society. For a whole year, they made daily observations of 441 birds. Coloured leg bands in unique combinations let researchers tell the black-and-blue birds apart. They also attached GPS devices to the backs of 58 birds, which let them see exactly where every group went, 24 hours a day. The findings of the research suggest that the vulturine guineafowl have a multilevel society. There are groups within groups within the population as a whole. There even seem to be groups of friends within the small groups. This is the first time anyone has observed such a society in a bird. And Dr. Farine emphasizes this particular bird's tiny brain size: “They don’t only have small brains relative to mammals (哺乳动物), they also have quite small brains relative to other birds,” he said. According to him, living in this kind of society might actually make it easier to keep track of the social order. For example, if groups are stable and a bird can identify just one or two individuals within a group, it knows which group it’s looking at — no need for a brain that can recognize every single animal. Multilevel societies also let animals adjust their group sizes based on whatever challenges they’re facing. Depending on what enemies or resources are around, it might make sense to travel in a combined group rather than a smaller one. “Having a multilevel structure may not require having a large brain,” Dr. Farine said. There may be more birds and other animals out there that, although small-brained, have societies as many-leveled as our own. 24. According to the passage, what inspired Dr. Farine to carry out the study? A. The guineafowl’s social behaviour. B. Previous assumptions about birds. C. His interest in animal brainpower. D. The faults in earlier research. 25. What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A. The research subjects. B. The research methods. C. The research findings. D. The research equipment. 26. What can be learned from the passage? A. Complex social systems can be a disadvantage to the guineafowl. B. The guineafowl are good at recognizing individuals in a group. C. Birds maintain social order by travelling in combined groups. D. Small-brained animals can form multilevel societies. 27. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To present the findings of a study of the guineafowl. B. To explain the interaction patterns in multilevel societies. C. To introduce a new approach to observing the guineafowl. D To uncover clues about how complex societies are formed. D For several decades, there has been an extensive and organized campaign intended to generate distrust in science, funded by those whose interests and ideologies are threatened by the findings of modern science. In response, scientists have tended to stress the success of science. After all, scientists have been right about most things. Stressing successes isn’t wrong, but for many people it’s not persuasive. An alternative answer to the question “Why trust science?” is that scientists use the so-called scientific method. If you’ve got a high school science textbook lying around, you’ll probably find that answer in it. But what is typically thought to be the scientific method — develop a hypothesis (假设), then design an experiment to test it — isn’t what scientists actually do. Science is dynamic: new methods get invented; old ones get abandoned; and sometimes, scientists can be found doing many different things. If there is no identifiable scientific method, then what is the reason for trust in science? The answer is how those claims are evaluated. The common element in modern science, regardless of the specific field or the particular methods being used, is the strict scrutiny (审查) of claims. It’s this tough, sustained process that works to make sure faulty claims are rejected. A scientific claim is never accepted as true until it has gone through a lengthy “peer review” because the reviewers are experts in the same field who have both the right and the obligation (责任) to find faults. A key aspect of scientific judgment is that it is done collectively. No claim gets accepted until it has been vetted by dozens, if not hundreds, of heads. In areas that have been contested, like climate science and vaccine safety, it’s thousands. This is why we are generally justified in not worrying too much if a single scientist, even a very famous one, disagrees with the claim. And this is why diversity in science — the more people looking at a claim from different angles — is important. Does this process ever go wrong? Of course. Scientists are humans. There is always the possibility of revising a claim on the basis of new evidence. Some people argue that we should not trust science because scientists are “always changing their minds.” While examples of truly settled science being overturned are far fewer than is sometimes claimed, they do exist. But the beauty of this scientific process is that it explains what might otherwise appear paradoxical (矛盾的): that science produces both novelty and stability. Scientists do change their minds in the face of new evidence, but this is a strength of science, not a weakness. 28. How does the author think of the scientific method? A. Stable. B. Persuasive. C. Unreliable. D. Unrealistic. 29 What does the underlined word “vetted” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Explained. B. Examined. C. Repeated. D. Released. 30. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______. A. it is not persuasive to reject those faulty claims B. settled science tends to be collectively overturned C. a leading expert cannot play a decisive role in a scrutiny D. diversity in knowledge is the common element in science 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Put Your Faith in Science B. Defend the Truth in Science C. Apply Your Mind to Science D. Explore A Dynamic Way to Science 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The Changing Landscape of the Music Business The music industry is in the process of a great change. In the past decades, artists made money through physical sales of records, CDs, and cassettes. While in recent years, downloading songs from services such as Amazon or iTunes has become the most common way for people to purchase music, and the whole idea of buying music to own may be falling. To take its place are Internet apps that stream music directly to listeners on their smartphones, tablets, or computers.____32____While this is great for fans, who now have access to millions of songs at the flick of a touchscreen, it has shattered the traditional model of how an artist manages his or her career. With music lovers increasingly moving away from making one-time purchases towards an all-you-can-listen-to service, what is a hard-working artist to do? The main problem facing many musicians is that payments-per-stream of a song are much lower than what an artist would receive from a download. ____33____In November of 2014, award-winning musician Taylor Swift pulled her entire music catalog from Spotify, a popular streaming app, claiming that their business model suggests that music does not hold much worth. ____34____They claim that it offers smaller artists a chance for their music to get heard by a wider audience. Brian Message, manager of the band Radiohead, has come out in support of streaming services. He sees them as a way for musicians and fans to interact. Regardless of what artists may think about this change in the music industry, there’s no arguing that they need to adapt in order to make money.____35____ Corporate sponsorship can be a risky option for musicians. A band can make much money by agreeing to promote a product or license its music for use in advertisements, but there are many ways that this can backfire. When bands work with businesses, they may lose the image they have worked to create.____36____Artists must develop an image that appeals to their fans in order to remain unique and authentic, or they risk striking .the wrong chord, which could leave them struggling to sustain careers in this new business landscape. A. Others have welcomed the idea of streaming music. B. However, those forms of media are quickly fading away. C. Some big-name artists have called attention to the issue. D The rules could be different for smaller bands just starting out. E. Maintaining a fine image while working on a career is certainly tricky. F. One major shift is the growth in partnership between artists and businesses. G. These apps are available either as free versions or as monthly subscription services. 第三部分：阅读表达（共3小题；第1、2题各2分，第3题5分，共9分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。 Digital Inclusion for Older Adults As a researcher in the behavior of older adults, I regularly hear complaints from them like, “I’m just not part of this world anymore. In certain parts of society, I just can’t join... Some things just are not possible if you are not in the flow of the Internet.” or “We feel like we’re standing outside a building that we have not access to.” Today mastering digital technology has become a key component of what it means to fully participate in society. But one area in particular threatens to prevent some older adults from making connections: the digital divide. As a recent study shows, one-third of adults aged 65 and older say they’ve never used the Internet, and half don’t have Internet access at home. Of those who do use the Internet, nearly half say they need someone else’s help to set up or use a new digital device. In contrast to concerns about technology use increasing isolation (孤立；隔离) among younger populations, the communication and connection possible online can be especially valuable for older adults who are homebound, live far away from family, or have lost the loved ones. Older adults can use online tools to connect with friends and family via messaging platforms, video chat, and social media even if they can no longer physically visit them. And they can engage with the outside world through news, blogs, streaming platforms, and email, even if they are no longer able to move about as easily as they once could. For older adults in particular, the risks associated with social isolation are profound. Loneliness among older adults has been associated with depression, functional decline, and death. Technology can serve as an important tool to help reduce these risks, but only if we provide older adults with the skills they need, to make inclusion in the digital world accessible to them. The importance of digital inclusion is not going to disappear with the generational changes of the coming decades. Technology is continuously developing, and with each new digital innovation come challenges for even younger adults to adapt. 37. What prevents some older adults from connecting with society? ______________________________________________________ 38. According to paragraph 4,how does technology benefit older adults? ______________________________________________________ 39. Please briefly present your opinion on digital inclusion. (about 40 words) ______________________________________________________ 第四部分：方框填词（共8小题；每小题1分，共8分） 根据语境，选用方框中词的恰当形式填空，每词只能使用一次。 tend access operate aim enable inspire whisper charge assume perform 40. She _________ by the people she met online that she decided to start an IT club to teach older people how to use computers and the Internet. 41. Lin Qiaozhi was more interested in _________ patients, publishing medical research on care for woman and children. 42. _________ something into his ear, she obviously doesn’t want to be heard by others. 43. During the _________, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour worrying about him. 44. Judy and I parked our car in the nearby square so that we can get our car battery _________. 45. Filled with team spirit, they act as a whole, always _________ for glory. 46. Whitacre received some videos from his fans and joined them together into one _________. 47. A virtual choir _________ people to add their voices to those of other individuals and offers them a chance to become part of the global community. 第五部分：作文（15分） 48. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。市青年联合会面向全球发起“青春之歌”主题原创诗歌征集活动。请你用英文给英国好友Jim写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.介绍活动； 2.邀请参与。 参考词汇：青年联合会Youth Federation 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $