Unit 1 Presenting ideas & Reflection知识清单 2025-2026学年外研版八年级英语下册

Unit 1 Presenting ideas & Reflection Part1：单元知识梳理 一、重点单词 1. wet adj.湿的，潮的，潮湿的 → v. 使潮湿→ dry adj.干燥的（反义词） 2. drop n.（液体的）滴 → a drop of water一滴水 → v. 落下；使掉落→ drop by顺便拜访→ drop off减少；下降 3. watermelon n.西瓜 4. remind v.使想起（故人或旧事）→ remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某事→ remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事→ reminder n.提醒人的事物 5. newborn adj.新生的 6. brush n.刷子；毛刷→ a hair brush一把发刷→ v. 刷净；刷亮brush teeth刷牙 7. speech n.演说，演讲→ give/make a speech发表演讲→ speech contest演讲比赛→ speechless adj.说不出话的 8. challenging adj. 富于挑战性的；困难而有趣的→ a challenging task一项具有挑战性的任务→ find sth. challenging觉得某事有挑战性→ challenge n. & v. 挑战 9. company n.公司 10. interview n.面试，面谈→ job interview工作面试→ do an interview进行一次采访 / 面试→ v. 采访，面试→ interviewee n.被采访者；被面试者→ interviewer n.采访者；面试官 11. communication n.信息；交流；沟通→ communication skills沟通技巧→ effective communication有效沟通 → communicate v.交流；沟通 → communicative adj.爱交流的；善于表达的 12. skill n.技能，技巧，技艺→ language skills语言技能→ skilled adj.有技能的；熟练的→ skillful adj.熟练的；巧妙的→ skillfully adv.熟练地；巧妙地 13. require v.需要（某物）→ require sth.需要某物→ require sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事→ requirement n. 所需的东西→ meet the requirements满足要求 14. organise v.组织，策划，安排→ organise an event组织一场活动→ organisation n.组织；机构→ organised adj.有组织的；有条理的 → organised activity有组织的活动 15. throughout prep.在整个期间，自始至终→ throughout one’s life某人的一生当中 → prep. 各处；遍及throughout the country全国范围内 16. benefit n.好处，益处，裨益→ for the benefit of为了…… 的利益 → v. 有益于；使受益 benefit from从…… 中受益→ beneficial adj.有益的；有利的 17. leadership n.领导才能，领导素质→ under one’s leadership在某人的领导下→ lead v.领导；引领→ leader n.领导者；领袖 18. training n.训练，培训→ employee training员工培训→ training program培训项目 → train v.训练；培训 → trainer n.培训师；教练 → trained adj. 经过训练的 19. cashier n.出纳员 20. necessary adj. 必要的，必需的，必不可少的→ unnecessary adj.不必要的 （反义词）→ necessity n.必要；必需品→ necessarily adv.必要地；必定地 21. human adj.人的，人类的→ human history人类历史→ human weaknesses人性的弱点→ human rights人权 22. pilot n.（飞机或飞行器的）驾驶员，飞行员 23. tourism n.旅游业，观光业→ tour v. 旅行；游览→ tourist n. 游客；旅行者 24. surely adv.确实地，无疑地→ sure adj.确信；肯定 25. provide v.提供，供应，供给→ provide sth. for sb. =provide sb. with sth.给某人提供某物 26. low adj.（数量、水平或价值）少的、低的→ low price低价→ low level低水平→ lowly adj. 地位低的，不重要的 27. beyond adv.在更远处；往更远处→ beyond one’s control超出某人控制→ go beyond超出；胜过 28. reality n.真实；现实→ in reality实际上；事实上→ face reality面对现实→ escape from reality逃避现实 29. fashionable adj.时髦的，流行的→ fashion n.时尚；风气 30. market n.市场 二、重点短语 1. keep sth. in one’s memory某人记得某事 2. all over 到处，各处 3. bit by bit逐渐地，一点一点地 4. be considered... 被认为是…… 5. spring up迅速出现；突然兴起 6. be replaced by被……取代 7. sign up for报名 三、重点句子 1. All my days up high in the air will be kept in my memory.我会永远记得那些在空中的日子。 2. I still remember my first summer as a “spiderman”.我依然记得我成为“蜘蛛人”的第一个夏天。 3. Window cleaning is not always considered a good job, but I’ll never regret it.窗户清洁工作并不总是被认为是一份好工作，但我永远不会后悔。 4. The city shines brighter because of us, and the job will make us shine, too. 城市因为我们更加明亮，而这份工作也会让我们绽放光彩。 5. Some traditional jobs are disappearing. However, new ones are springing up to meet new needs.一些传统的工作正在消失，而新的工作正在涌现出来，以满足新的需求。 6. They may soon be replaced by machines.他们可能很快就会被机器取代。 Part2 单元语法讲解 被动语态（1） 英语中有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。当主语为动作的执行者或发出者时，要用主动语态；当主语为动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 考点 1 主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1) 主动语态中的O(宾语)变成被动语态中的S(主语)，主动语态中的谓语动词变成被动语态中的be 动词 + done(动词的过去分词)，时态要保持一致。 (2) 主动语态中的S(主语)变成被动语态中的O(宾语)时，要添加by。 主动句：They plant a tree every year. 主语 谓语动词 宾语 被动句：A tree is planted by them every year. 记忆口诀：宾变主，主变宾，by 短语后面跟；谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 考点 2 被动语态的用法 (1)需强调或突出动作的承受者；不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 例：Rice is grown in the south of China. 中国南方种水稻。 This house was built in 1901. 这座房子是在1901 年建的。 (2)需强调或突出动作的执行者。 例：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 The teacher is respected by all of his students. 这位老师受到他所有学生的尊敬。 (3)正式文体或客观陈述。 例：Smoking is not allowed here. 这里不允许吸烟。 考点 3 一般现在时的被动语态 分类 句式 肯定句 主语+be(am /is/are)+ 过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者). 否定句 主语+be(am/is/are)+not+ 过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者). 一般疑问句 Be(Am/Is/Are)+ 主语+ 过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者)? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be(am/is/are)+ 主语+ 过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者)? 例： Football is played by people in most countries in the world.世界上大多数国家的人都踢足球。 The baby is not looked after by his father. 这个婴儿不是由他父亲照顾的。 Is King Lear written by Shakespeare?《李尔王》是莎士比亚写的吗？ Where is the desk made? 这张桌子是在哪儿制造的？ 考点 4 一般将来时的被动语态 分类 句式 肯定句 主语+will /be (am/is/are) going to+be+ 过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者). 否定句 主语+will not /be (am/is/are) not going to + be + 过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者). 一般疑问句 Will/ + 主语+ be+ 过去分词(+ by+ 动作执行者)? Be (Am/Is/Are) + 主语+ going to + be + 过去分词(+ by + 动作执行者)? 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+will + 主语+be + 过去分词(+by+ 动作执行者)? 特殊疑问词+be (am/is/are) + 主语+ going to + be + 过去分词(+ by+ 动作执行者)? 例：A new stadium will be put up here. 一个新的体育场将在这里建造。 A new stadium will not/won’t be put up here. 一个新的体育场将不会在这里建造。 —Will a new stadium be put up here? 一个新的体育场会在这里建造吗？ —Yes, it will./No, it won’t. 是的，会。/ 不，不会。 Where will a new stadium be put up? 一个新的体育场会在哪里建造？ Part3 单元写作讲解 【写作维度】 本单元的写作项目是“不同类型的职业或工作”。相关内容包含以下几个方面：（1）时间变迁下的职业改变；（2）科技与未来生活；（3）未来职业/梦想职业/职业规划。 【写作支架/模版】 不同类型的职业与工作 开篇点题 具体介绍 总结 【重点积累】 开头段 ①What do I want to be in the future? My dream is to become a ... ②I’m glad to share... with you. ③People’s jobs have changed throughout history. 中间段 ①As we all know, DeepSeek has become a global sensation in the AI field. ②To turn my hobby into a career, I plan to take professional courses. ③ I think our life in the future will be more interesting and wonderful because of technology. ④However, ...brings worries and challenges. ⑤Many people will lose their jobs because of ... ⑥ Some students rely on AI so much that they lose their ability to do things by themselves. 结尾段 ①It is a meaningful job because... ② Even though it will disappear, it once... ③ Although I know it is not easy to be a teacher, I will redouble my efforts to realize my dream. 【经典例题】 假定你是李平，请根据该邮件内容，用英语给Eric回复。 Hi Li Ping, You mentioned your dream job in your last letter. I’m really interested in it. Why did you choose it? What/Who influenced you to make the decision? Tell me your experience, please. I look forward to hearing from you soon! Eric 要求：1. 词数不少于80，开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.文中不要出现任何真实人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分。 精彩范文展示 Dear Eric, Thanks for your e-mail. I’m very glad to tell you something about my dream job. I have dreamed of being a teacher since I was a child, because I think teaching is a sacred profession and I enjoy staying with children. Besides, I want to be a teacher because of the power of an example—Miss Li, my English teacher. She often helps me with my English, and she influences me a lot. I still remember that once I failed in an important English exam and was upset. She cheered me up and told me some good ways to improve my English. With her help, I made great progress in English. I have made up my mind to be a good teacher like her when I grow up. Although I know it is not easy to be a teacher, I will redouble my efforts to realize my dream. Best wishes! Li Ping 【实战演练】 少年强则国强，青年兴则国兴。青少年是祖国的未来，家庭的期待。你校英语社团正在开展对青少年未来职业梦想的讨论。假如你是李华，请根据下图中的要点写一篇发言稿。 要求：(1)文中不能出现真实的人名，地名和校名； (2)语言通顺，表达正确，要点齐全，适当补充； (3)词数为80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：make contributions to为……做贡献 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua from Class 2003. ______________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 范文参考 Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua from Class 2003. Everyone has his own dream job. Some people want to be engineers, some people want to be scientists and others want to be cooks. As for me, my parents want me to be a doctor because they think it is a good job. But I want to be a teacher. In order to make my dream come true, I must study hard and get good grades. If I meet difficulties, I will come up with ways to solve them. Of course, I should get along well with others. After all, teachers should be good with their students. I will also help others with both study and life. In a word, I will study hard and I believe my dream will come true. Thank you for your listening! 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $