Unit 1 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage 课时检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套练习word（译林版）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage [课时检测]　　　　　　　　　(标语篇配有教师讲评课件) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Why do people lie? Many psychologists agree that lying can start from childhood.There are various reasons why children make false statements.They usually tell untruthful stories to cover up the mistakes that they have done in the past.Lying is also a way to avoid receiving punishments from parents.If parents fail to reprimand their children for making up false stories，then there is a possibility that they will continue to lie during their teenage years. Teenagers lie because they want to be accepted by their friends.This is the main reason why they create stories that are not true just to become attractive and acceptable to other people.In some cases, teenagers tell untruthful statements to avoid criticisms from their families and friends. As teenagers grow, lying becomes one of their habits.Their knowledge on making up untruthful stories becomes more developed.People lie in workplaces if they fail to meet the deadlines and if they fail to achieve and do their tasks efficiently.Some of the common lies made in workplaces are getting sick and having emergencies at home.The danger involved in frequent lying is when it becomes a character.Frequent lying causes the development of the condition known to doctors as pathological (病态的) lying. Pathological lying is a mental health condition，which is linked with individuals who have the strong wish to tell untruthful statements.Patients suffering from it make up stories about everything and anything.These individuals lie to meet the standards of other people who they want to please. These patients cheat other people because it gives them an unexplained pleasure.One of the best ways of treating pathological liars is to help them tell true statements and stories at all times.This may be hard for them, but as they are used to it, they will start to realize that they will be more accepted by their families and other people if they stop themselves from making up false stories. 语篇解读：：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了青少年撒谎的原因以及病态撒谎的形成和发展。 1．What does the underlined word “reprimand” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Satisfy.　　　　　　B．Criticize. C．Discourage. D．Praise. 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据语境，尤其是画线词下文“then there is a possibility that they will continue to lie during their teenage years”可知，如果家长没有因为孩子编造虚假的故事而“批评”孩子，那么他们长大后还是会继续撒谎，所以画线词意为“批评；指责”。 2．Why to teenagers tell lies? A．They want to avoid being punished. B．They want to fool other people. C．They want to attract others' attention. D．They want to satisfy others. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Teenagers lie because they want to be accepted by their friends.”可知，青少年撒谎主要是为了被朋友接受，而想要被他人接受，往往需要让他人满意。 3．Pathological lying is a disease caused by ________. A．mental health problems B．the habit of telling lies C．the desire to become acceptable D．the wish to please others 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Frequent lying causes the development of the condition known to doctors as pathological lying.”可知，病态撒谎是由经常性的撒谎，也就是习惯性撒谎逐步形成的。 4．What is the author's purpose of writing this text? A．To show some typical examples of pathological lying. B．To predict the future consequences of pathological lying. C．To analyze the causes and development of pathological lying. D．To list a group of phenomena of pathological lying. 解析：选C　写作意图题。文章第一、二段分析了青少年撒谎的原因；第三段分析了病态撒谎形成的原因和发展。前两段主要是为第三段病态撒谎的形成做铺垫；第四段和第五段是围绕病态撒谎者的表现以及应对方式展开的。综合可知，作者的写作目的是分析病态撒谎形成的原因和发展变化。 Ⅱ.完形填空 As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family. I found myself refusing to __5__ out at home with even the simplest things. Every Wednesday afternoon, for example, my mother __6__ me to another town for a piano lesson. During my two－hour lesson, she'd rush to the nearby store and buy a week's worth of __7__. Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back, and __8__ for my lesson, you'd think I'd be very __9__ to help her bring the groceries into the house. But I wasn't. I generally just brought in an armload and left the rest for Mom as I ran to my room and shut the door. Don't get me wrong. Back in my room, I felt __10__ about not helping my mother more. Deep inside, I wanted to change my __11__. But I also realized that once I took on more responsibility, my parents would start __12__ more from me. At age fifteen, I sensed that this one small change would mark something much bigger: my personal change from a spoiled (宠坏的) child to a more __13__ young man. I'll never forget the Wednesday when I made a(n) __14__ to try and see what would happen. Returning home from the lesson, I disappeared into my room, as usual. But once inside, I felt that deep and burning __15__. Throwing my school books on the bed, I suddenly opened my door and __16__ back to the garage to help my mother. How happy I felt that day! Surely, over time, I continued to help out with more housework. The more I helped out, the __17__ I felt about myself. As Mom and Dad realized they could __18__ on me more, our trips became far less stressful, too. Sometimes the little things we put off doing for the longest time __19__ out to be simplest things to complete. Feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day. 语篇解读：：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从一个被宠坏的小孩成长为一个负责任的年轻人的经历。 5．A.start　　　　　　 　 B．cry C．help D．work 解析：选C　根据上文“As a teenager, I was pretty lazy when it came to doing things for my family.”可知，作者在为家人做事时表现得非常懒惰，故可推知，此处指作者意识到自己连最简单的家务都不愿意帮忙。 6．A.sent B．guided C．walked D．drove 解析：选D　根据下文“Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there”可知，妈妈开车12英里把作者送到那里。 7．A.fruits B．flowers C．groceries D．vegetables 解析：选C　根据下文“you'd think I'd be very ______ to help her bring the groceries into the house”可知，在作者两个小时的上课期间，妈妈会赶到附近的商店买一周的食品杂货。 8．A.fought B．paid C．prepared D．waited 解析：选B　根据空前“Given the fact that my mom had driven me twelve miles there, twelve miles back”可知，此处是作者在描述妈妈对自己的好：开车12英里把他送去上课，又开车12英里把他接回来，为他的钢琴课付钱。 9．A.grateful B．nervous C．confident D．unwilling 解析：选A　上文提到，妈妈为作者付出很多，由此可推知此处表示“你会认为我会非常感激地帮她把食品杂货搬回家”。 10．A.excited B．curious C．doubtful D．regretful 解析：选D　根据下文“Deep inside, I wanted to change my ________.”以及文章最后一句“Feeling happy beats feeling guilty any day.”可推知，此处表示作者回到房间，后悔没有多帮助妈妈。 11．A.way B．world C．career D．build 解析：选A　根据下文“Sometimes the little things we put off doing for the longest time ________ out to be simplest things to complete.”可知，此处指在内心深处，作者想改变自己的行为方式。 12．A.warning B．encouraging C．expecting D．praising 解析：选C　根据语境以及空前“But I also realized that once I took on more responsibility”可知，作者更深一步想到，一旦他承担了更多的责任，父母就会开始对他有更高的期望。 13．A.energetic B．ambitious C．outgoing D．responsible 解析：选D　根据空前“my personal change from a spoiled child to a more”可推知，此处表示，作者从一个被宠坏的孩子变成了一个更有责任感的年轻人。 14．A.excuse B．decision C．promise D．mistake 解析：选B　根据空后“to try and see what would happen”可推知，此处指作者终于下定决心，要做出改变。 15．A.shame B．anger C．delight D．pleasure 解析：选A　根据上文“Back in my room, I felt ________ about not helping my mother more.”以及下文做出的具体改变并结合语境可推知，此处指作者一回到房间，就感到极度的羞愧。 16．A.called B．looked C．headed D．handed 解析：选C　根据上文提到作者一回到房间就感到极度的羞愧以及空前“I suddenly opened my door”可推知，此处指作者把课本扔在床上，突然打开门，回到车库去帮妈妈。 17．A.smarter B．better C．warmer D．stronger 解析：选B　根据句意以及空前“The more I helped out”可知，此处表示作者越帮忙，内心的感受就越好。 18．A.live B．press C．focus D．depend 解析：选D　根据空后“our trips became far less stressful, too”可知，此处指当爸爸妈妈意识到他们可以更多地依靠作者来提供帮助时，他们的旅行压力也大大减少了。depend on“依靠”。 19．A.make B．turn C．point D．bring 解析：选B　根据空后“be simplest things to complete”可知，此处表示，有时候，我们拖延了很久的小事情，最终变成了最简单的事情。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)() Fan Jinshi, the honorary president of the Dunhuang Academy, is more widely known as the “Daughter of Dunhuang”．She has spent more than four decades __20__ (study) the preservation of the Mogao Caves.The Mogao Caves __21__ (build) from the 4th century to the 14th century, and they consist of at least 490 caves __22__ are carved into the cliffs (悬崖) above the Dunhuang River.For many reasons, the caves __23__ (become) increasingly vulnerable (脆弱的) in the past years. Fan, together with other scholars, has made several breakthroughs in cave preservation technologies such as __24__ reduction of sandstorms' impact on the Mogao Caves.Fan also works hard __25__ (promote) cooperation between the Dunhuang Academy and overseas archaeological institutions.Thanks to her efforts, the surrounding environment has improved __26__ (significant)． __27__ Fan's leadership, the Dunhuang Academy has grown into the world's largest institution for Dunhuang studies, making many __28__ (achieve) in digitisation, 3D scanning and virtual reality representation of the Dunhuang relics (遗迹)．“The longer I've stayed here, the __29__ (deep) my love has grown for Dunhuang，” Fan said. 语篇解读：：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了“敦煌的女儿”樊锦诗为保护敦煌莫高窟做出的贡献。 20．studying　考查非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，是固定用法，故填studying。 21．were built　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“from the 4th century to the 14th century”可知，空处用一般过去时；build 与主语 The Mogao Caves之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；结合后面指代 The Mogao Caves的“they”可知，主语表示复数意义，故填were built。 22．that/which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是caves，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。 23．have become　考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“in the past years”可知，此处用现在完成时；主语是名词复数，故填 have become。 24．the　考查冠词。根据空后的“of sandstorms' impact on the Mogao Caves”可知，此处的reduction 是特指，故填定冠词 the。 25．to promote　考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作目的状语，故用不定式形式。 26．significantly　考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式。significantly “有重大意义地，显著地，明显地”。 27．Under　考查介词。under sb.'s leadership意为“在某人的领导下”，是固定搭配，且空处位于句首，首字母应大写。 28．achievements　考查名词及其复数。分析句子可知，空处在句中作动词的宾语，应用名词形式；根据空前的“many”可知，本空要填名词的复数形式，故填 achievements。 29．deeper　考查比较级。本句是“the＋比较级＋其他，the＋比较级＋其他”句型，表示“越……就越……”。空处作表语，故填deeper。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $