Unit 1 Section Ⅰ “Reading”的课文习读环节 课时检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第四册配套练习word（译林版）

Section Ⅰ　“Reading”的课文习读环节 [课时检测] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Jeremy Locke, who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, had always been wanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonald's home.Whenever he drove past the woman's home, he assumed that the roof was under repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairmen — but as the weeks wore on, the roof continued to worsen without any signs of repair. “I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community, I'd be more than happy to，” Locke told the reporter. When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free, however, she politely declined his offer because she did not like to accept charity.That being said, she had already applied for a government grant (补助金) to fix the roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke once her grant application was approved. Unfortunately, MacDonald never received the approval. As the stubborn Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke, the sympathetic construction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help.He invited MacDonald to enter a raffle (抽奖) that his business was holding for a free roof.After the grandmother accepted one of the raffle tickets, Locke told her that she was the winner — because she was the only one who had entered the raffle.Thanks to his sweet little plan, Locke and his crew are starting work on the roof this week, which is expected to cost his company about $9,000. MacDonald, meanwhile, told the reporter that she doesn't know how to express her gratitude to Locke, saying that he is her “guardian angel”． “There's nobody out there like him，” she added. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了建筑公司老板 Locke一心想帮助老人 MacDonald免费修理屋顶，但屡次遭到拒绝，最终通过一个善意的谎言得以实现的故事。 1．What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald? A．Repair her roof.　　 B．Find a repairman. C．Run a charity. 　　 D．Raise money. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，Locke一心想帮助MacDonald修理屋顶。 2．Why did MacDonald refuse Locke's offer initially? A．She didn't like free help. B．She had got an official grant. C．She didn't trust him. D．She had won a raffle. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free ... because she did not like to accept charity.”可知，MacDonald不愿意接受免费的帮助。 3．How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind? A．He persuaded her to give up her application. B．He invited her to enter his business. C．He gave her about $9,000. D．He told her a white lie. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，Locke看到MacDonald一直拒绝他的援助，于是对MacDonald说了一个善意的谎言，在这个小计划的作用下，MacDonald终于改变了她的想法，让Locke帮她修理屋顶。 4．Which of the following words can best describe Locke? A．Stubborn and tricky. B．Wealthy and innocent. C．Determined and warm－hearted. D．Different and ambitious. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中Locke在接受记者采访时说的话可知，Locke是热心的；再结合第五段第一句可知，Locke在MacDonald一直拒绝他的援助之后还想出了善意的谎言让她接受他的帮助，说明他是有决心的。 B As is known, honesty is a virtue.It is admired in every culture.It means telling the truth and being fair and upright.So, is it necessary to be honest all the time? My 6－year－old daughter said that telling the truth made her feel “gold in her brain”．Once she asked me if the cat really went to sleep last year, or if that actually meant that I had killed him.I sighed, wondering if I should wait to start this honesty project until my child grew up.But I braved (勇敢面对) it and told her, “Yes, I had made the choice for him, because he was suffering and I wanted him to be comfortable.” It struck me that the choice to lie or be honest was often a choice between two equally undesirable things. There was another scene.When a client accidentally paid me twice as much money for a project as the original price — sending a $1,000 check a week after he'd paid me — there was no internal debate.It was $1,000, so obviously, I notified the client.But when a shop cashier gave me an extra dollar in change and the line had been so long and all I wanted was a sugar－free coke and my kids were acting crazily in the back seat, it was a different story.Even though I gave the dollar back, I almost didn't, because an extra dollar was such a small thing and seemed somehow justified.Had I not focused on honesty, I would not have given it back. When people were more honest, they also tended to feel better about their relationships and social interactions, the researchers found.This rang true to me, mostly because I felt better about myself.And focusing on honesty helped me feel that I was doing my part. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者举例阐述了自己对于诚实的看法，即在日常生活中诚实很重要，诚实能让人感觉良好。 5．What's the function of the question in paragraph 1? A．To introduce the topic of honesty. B．To help develop readers' good quality. C．To remind readers to mind their manners. D．To teach everyone not to lie but to be honest. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As is known, honesty is a virtue.It is admired in every culture.”和“So, is it necessary to be honest all the time？”可推知，这个问题的作用是引出下文对“诚实”话题的探讨。 6．How did the author feel on hearing the question about the death of the cat? A．Guilty.　　　　　　　B．Confused. C．Regretful. D．Ashamed. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I sighed, wondering if I should wait to start this honesty project until my child grew up.”可知，作者听到女儿问起猫死亡的问题时是困惑迷茫的。 7．What does the author mainly want to express in paragraph 3? A．Honesty doesn't lie in small cases. B．Honesty is measured by the amount of money. C．He struggled more with the small cases of honesty. D．He experienced some different incidents about honesty. 解析：选C　细节理解题。第三段中作者举了两个例子，通过归还客户1 000美元和一家商店收银员1美元的心理对比，再根据“Even though I gave the dollar back, I almost didn't ... I would not have given it back.”可知，当收银员多找了作者1美元的时候，作者犹豫了一下才归还了，可见他更纠结于诚实的小事例。 8．What's the author's opinion on honesty? A．A white lie can be helpful. B．Honesty makes people better off. C．One should be honest in small things. D．It is essential to be honest in daily life. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据作者讲述自己坦诚地告诉女儿猫的死因和归还客户和收银员钱的例子可知，作者认为在日常生活中诚实是很重要的。 C When going shopping with a friend, Gail Heyman found herself quite awkward when her friend asked her which dress she liked best.Her friend had a clear favorite — a dress that Heyman happened to dislike.“In that case, I lied and said that I like the same one，” said Heyman. As Heyman's experience shows, it might not matter all that much if you tell a white lie to make a friend feel good at times.But when it comes to the most meaningful relationships in your life, protecting a friend's feelings at all costs can sometimes make them fail.For example, if a person is practicing for a job interview and it's a few days before his interview, and he gives an answer that you think is not good at all and you don't tell him because you don't want to hurt his feelings, that's really not very nice to him, right? Because he has an opportunity to fix that thing. If you know that lies can have results, why do you still lie often? A study carried out by Tali Sharot, a professor at University College London, found that it's because people just get used to it.One little lie can turn into bigger and bigger lies over time.“If you habituate emotionally, it will change your behavior，” says Sharot. Sharot notes that if you're worried about lying a bit too much, try and notice when you want to bend the truth (歪曲事实)．She thinks it's best to do so when you're not actually responding to those triggers (诱因)．Moving your attention away from shame and focusing more on your values can be a healthy way to start looking at this more actively. 语篇解读：：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了撒谎对友谊的影响，并提出了处理这种情况的建议。 9．How does the author start the text? A．By raising a question. B．By giving an example. C．By expressing an opinion. D．By comparing different views. 解析：选B　写作手法题。根据第一段的内容可知，文章开头作者列举了一个例子，通过该例子来引出本文主题。 10．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．Be careful about lying. B．It's OK to tell a white lie. C．Never should a person tell lies. D．A meaningful relationship matters. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But when it comes to the most meaningful relationships in your life, protecting a friend's feelings at all costs can sometimes make them fail.”可知，有时候你一个所谓的善意的谎言可能会对你的朋友有害。由此推知，对于说谎，我们应该抱有谨慎的态度。 11．Why would people lie more according to the study? A．They are used to lying. B．They don't behave well. C．They lose track of others. D．They don't want to hurt others' feelings. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“If you know ... because people just get used to it.”可知，人们明知谎言会有影响还是会说谎，是因为人们习惯了说谎。 12．What does Sharot advise us to do? A．Try to bend the truth. B．Change our behavior. C．Say sorry to the one we lied to. D．Concentrate more on our values. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Moving your attention away from shame and focusing more on your values can be a healthy way to start looking at this more actively.”可知，Sharot建议我们应该把注意力放在价值观上。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 What sort of decisions we make determines who we really are. Living with integrity feels good, and once we get better at it, our careers and personal lives can develop better. What does integrity actually mean? Integrity is the ability to live your life depending on your own ethics (道德标准) and morals. __13__ Besides that, you must also know what you intend to do with your life and what your purpose is. Here are a few approaches to developing and maintaining integrity! Identify Your Values Clearly The first step to developing your integrity is to identify your values. Every person has a set of values that they live by. You must acknowledge them as you go further in life. __14__ Assess Each and Every Choice __15__ Practicing integrity means making the right decision no matter what. Some seemingly right decisions that we make in life could be incredibly terrible for some. Honesty and integrity aren't something that you must practice when it is convenient for you. You must always be like that whatever the circumstances are. Employ Your Ethics in the Real Situation __16__ We learn so many great things in childhood, some of which are habits that we follow for our whole life. Practicing integrity is just like that, you would just be practicing your everyday life but with more analysis. Integrity not merely involves consistency. __17__ We must not always do what comes naturally to us because it is our nature to stay away from difficulties. We must find the courage within ourselves to face all the difficulties in life, only then will we become successful. A．Sometimes we have to face the unavoidable. B．Always remember that your choices define you ultimately. C．Sometimes we need to decide what we want to achieve in life. D．To have integrity, you must clearly know what is right and wrong. E．Always find ways to employ your ethics and morals in everyday life. F．No matter what happens, you will never go against your core values. G．There are circumstances where it is difficult to distinguish right and wrong. 语篇解读：：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些培养和保持诚信的方法。 13．解析：选D　下文提到，除此之外，你还必须明确生活的目的，以及你打算怎么度过一生。故D项“要有诚信，你必须清楚地知道什么是对，什么是错”衔接下文，符合语境。下文的“that”指代D项描述的事实。 14．解析：选F　根据本段小标题“Identify Your Values Clearly”以及上文可知，此处强调的是发展和保持诚信的重要方法是要明确自己的价值观。故F项“无论遇到什么情况，你都要始终坚守自己的核心价值观”承接上文，符合语境。其中的“core values”与上文呼应。 15．解析：选B　下文提到，诚信不是只在方便的时候才需要遵守，而是无论遇到什么情况，都必须时刻做到这一点。故B项“要始终记住，你的选择最终决定了你是什么样的人”引起下文，符合语境，并与段落主题相呼应。 16．解析：选E　根据本段小标题“Employ Your Ethics in the Real Situation”可知，E项“时刻想办法在日常生活中践行伦理道德”与段落主旨呼应，符合语境。 17．解析：选A　下文提到， 我们不该总顺着本性做事，因为趋易避难是人的天性。必须鼓足勇气面对人生所有难关，这样才能成功。故A项“有时候我们不得不面对不可避免的事情”引领下文，符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $