Unit 2 Out of this world 阅读·久久为功-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第三册教师用书word（译林版）

本讲义围绕太空探索主题构建高中英语学习支架，涵盖主题名句积累（如刘慈欣、阿姆斯特朗等中外航天名言）、课文精读（《Life on a space station》《Why we explore》）、词汇拓展（航天术语及用法）、写作应用（中国航天成就展范文）及主题集群阅读（望远镜发展等拓展文本），形成从输入到输出的完整知识链。 该资料特色在于融合语言能力与文化意识培养，通过中外航天名言传递人类探索精神，提升跨文化认知；课文难句破解与词汇详解助力语言理解与表达。课中教师可依托课文对译和语法分析深化教学，课后学生借助词汇表和范文复习巩固，主题阅读拓展思维，有效落实新课标核心素养要求。

附：《阅读·久久为功》 一、背主题名句，写大气文章 1．(教材名句)The pursuit of the ultimate truth of the universe is the final objective and destination of civilization.—Liu Cixin 对宇宙终极真理的追求，是文明的最终目标和归宿。——刘慈欣 2．For the peace and progress of mankind, the Chinese come to the space.—Yang Liwei 为了人类的和平与进步，中国人来到了太空。——杨利伟 3．Space travel is not the thing of a person or a group of people, but is the historical process of human natural in its development.—Yuri Gagarin 太空旅行不是一个人或某群人的事，它是人类自然发展的历史进程。——尤里·加加林 4．That's one small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind.—Neil Armstrong 那是(一)个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步。——尼尔·阿姆斯特朗 5．So much of the universe remains unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery.—Neil Armstrong 宇宙还有很多的未知领域，我们才刚刚接近这段奇幻发现之旅的起点。——尼尔·阿姆斯特朗 二、课文不厌百遍读，书中自有“黄金屋” 课文1　Life on a space station (空间站的生活) Living in space is every would－be astronaut's dream.My six－month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure.I bet you'd love to know — the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange! [课文对译] 在太空生活是每个想成为宇航员的人的梦想。我在空间站的六个月已经结束了，这是一次充满挑战但奇妙的冒险。我敢保证你很想知道太空中的日常生活是什么样子，以及它与地球上的生活有什么不同——低重力肯定会使平常的事情变得不同寻常！ [难句破解] 句①　what和how引导的宾语从句作know的宾语；此外，how it differs from that中的“that”指代上文提到的“daily life”。 The strangeness of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep.Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around.We usually sleep in private quarters, to the walls or the ceiling. ， but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.After about eight hours of sleep, we start our day of work. [课文对译] 从睡觉的那刻起，我们就能明显感受到在太空生活的奇妙。由于太空中近乎没有重力，我们必须把自己固定住，才不会四处飘浮。我们通常睡在独立的睡眠区，更像是大的橱柜，或者睡在固定在墙上或者天花板上的睡袋里。尝试背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。在约八小时的睡眠后，我们开始了一天的工作。 [难句破解] 句②　which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词private quarters；attached to ...ceiling是过去分词短语作sleeping bags的后置定语。 句③　it是形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。 The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding.Our main mission is to conduct scientific research.We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants.Creatures such as mice, fish and mosquitoes have also been sent to the station! In a low－gravity environment, we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope.As well as doing these biological experiments, we carry out experiments in other research fields.I have been working on one experiment which locates and tracks lightning over large regions of the Earth.Hopefully, it will cast new light on the Earth's climate and lead to better lightning protection.With so much going on, the space station needs a lot of maintenance, so we constantly check support systems and do some cleaning. [课文对译] 日常工作占用了一天里大部分时间，要求很高，但它们也会非常有意义。我们的主要任务是进行科学研究。我们需要评估低重力对动植物的影响。诸如老鼠、鱼、蚊子等生物也被送到了空间站！在低重力环境下，我们可以通过显微镜更多地了解细胞和微生物的变化。除了做这些生物实验，我们还开展其他研究领域的实验。我一直在做一个实验，可以定位并追踪地球上大片区域的闪电。希望这个实验能使人们进一步了解地球气候，并更好地做好雷电防护。空间站里发生那么多事情，需要大量的维护，所以我们经常检查空间站的支撑系统，并做一些清洁工作。 The most challenging work takes place when we need to perform tasks outside the space station, such as testing new equipment, monitoring scientific experiments or repairing the space station.In the circumstances, it's time for a spacewalk.First, we put on our spacesuits, which allow us to breathe in space and protect us from exposure to the cold and radiation.Then we head out, and sometimes perform tasks for hours at a time, with the beautiful Earth visible below. ， .It's probably the most dangerous work, with potential risks such as electric shocks. That's why [课文对译] 当我们需要在空间站外面执行任务时，例如测试新设备、监测科学实验或修理空间站，就会产生最具挑战性的工作。在这种情况下，是时候来场太空行走了。首先，我们穿上太空服，它们可以让我们在太空中呼吸，保护我们免受寒冷和辐射的伤害。然后我们走出空间站，有时执行任务要连续好几个小时，向下可以看到美丽的地球。尽管地球上的景色美妙绝伦，但太空行走并不像你们可能想象的那么激动人心。这可能是最危险的工作，因为有电击之类的潜在风险。这就是为什么(我们)要仔细规划好每次的太空行走。 [难句破解] 句④　as引导让步状语从句，从句用部分倒装，即从句中的表语提前至从句句首。as意为“虽然，尽管，即使”。 句⑤　本句是比较状语从句，not as ...as ...意为“不如……”。 句⑥　That's why ...“那就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句。 In view of the low－gravity environment, eating is also different in space.Most food is dried or freeze－dried.It's a luxury to eat fresh food, because fresh produce such as fruit and vegetables can only be delivered to the space station from the Earth every couple of months.Salt and pepper are only in liquid form, so that they will not float away and block the air pipes.However, liquids can't be easily controlled in space.We must drink water or any other liquids out of a bag through a thin tube of plastic.Furthermore, to keep our body healthy, we must ensure a balanced supply of nutrients by taking pills. [课文对译] 考虑到低重力环境，太空中的饮食也大不相同。大多数食物都是脱水或冻干的。吃到新鲜的食物是一种奢侈，因为水果和蔬菜等新鲜农产品只能每隔几个月从地球运到空间站。盐和胡椒粉仅以液体的形式存在，这样它们就不会飘来飘去，堵塞通气管。但是，液体在太空中不容易控制。我们必须用塑料细管，从袋子里面喝水或其他液体。此外，为了保持身体健康，我们必须吃药来保证营养的均衡补给。 Spending some time in the gym to astronauts' health.Did you know that in just five months, astronauts could lose a significant amount of muscle and bone mass? Considering these ， we discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day.Exercise in space is not your average workout.We have to be tied onto specially designed exercise equipment to stop ourselves from floating around. [课文对译] 花些时间在健身房锻炼对宇航员的健康是至关重要的。你知道仅仅在五个月里宇航员就可能失去相当多的肌肉量和骨量吗？鉴于低重力对人体的这些负面影响，我们严格要求自己每天至少运动两个小时。在太空中锻炼可不是普通的锻炼。我们必须绑在专门设计的运动器材上，防止我们到处飘浮。 [难句破解] 句⑦　“be of＋抽象名词”结构，相当于“be＋相应形容词”。 句⑧　considering 意为“考虑到”，介词短语 Considering these negative effects 之后是一个省略关系词that/which的定语从句。 During our leisure time, to sit back with the rest of the crew and watch our remarkable planet go by, back home.As the space station travels at a speed of about 17,500 miles per hour, we get to see the sunrise every 90 minutes.In these precious moments, all the challenges of life in space seem worth it. [课文对译] 在闲暇时间，我们最喜欢做的事就是和其他工作人员一起舒服地坐下来，看着我们非凡的地球经过，拍下照片给地球上的家人和朋友看。空间站以每小时约17 500英里的速度飞行，所以我们每隔90分钟就能看到日出。在这些珍贵的时刻，太空生活的所有挑战似乎都是值得的。 [难句破解] 句⑨　we like more than ...是一个省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词nothing；本句中否定词nothing与比较级more than连用，表示最高级含义。 句⑩　现在分词短语作伴随状语。 课文2　Why we explore (我们为何探索) In 1969, when Neil Armstrong first landed on the Moon, many people thought that soon we would be regularly visiting other planets in our solar system and would even dare to travel beyond it.This is clearly not the case.The reality is that space exploration is extremely difficult and dangerous, can take a very long time and costs a huge amount of money.Some people believe that while space exploration ， it is a waste of the public purse and does nothing to enhance the quality of our lives here on the Earth.Why do we continue to explore space, then? [课文对译] 1969年，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登陆月球时，许多人认为，不用多久我们就将经常去往太阳系内其他行星，甚至敢去往太阳系外的地方。实际情况显然不是这样。现实是，太空探索极度困难而危险，会耗费漫长的时间，花费大量的金钱。有些人相信，虽然太空探索拓展了我们对宇宙的理解，但它浪费政府经费，并且对于提升我们在地球上的生活质量毫无帮助。那么，我们为什么还要继续探索太空呢？ [难句破解] 句①　while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”。 It is in our nature to explore.From the very early days of human life on the Earth, our curiosity about the unknown has kept us adventuring into new places.We long to visit thick and wild forests, climb vast mountain ranges, and cross deep oceans.We desire to explore the furthest frontier of all — space.As Stephen Hawking once said, “Remember to look up at the stars and not down at your feet.Be curious.” ， such as that of Chang'e.While space exploration is a reality, we remain curious about the mysteries of the universe.With each continue along the same path of adventure. [课文对译] 探索是我们的天性使然。从地球上最早期的人类生命开始，我们对于未知事物的好奇心，就一直促使我们不断去往新的地方冒险。我们渴望探索原始密林，攀登崇山峻岭，穿越深海大洋。我们想要探索这世间最为遥远的边界——太空。正如斯蒂芬·霍金曾经所说：“记得仰望星空，不要低头看脚下。努力去认清你所看到的事物，并且思索是什么让这个宇宙存在。要有好奇心。”天空令我们心驰神往，从世界各地的古老传说里明显看出这一点，例如嫦娥的传说。虽然太空探索已成现实，我们仍对宇宙的奥秘充满好奇。每次太空任务的进行，随之而来的是更深刻的理解，激励着我们沿着同一条冒险之路继续前行。 [难句破解] 句②　两个what均引导宾语从句。what you see ...作of的宾语；what makes the universe exist作about的宾语。 句③　that引导主语从句。 句④　此处是完全倒装结构，with介词短语提前；逗号后为现在分词短语作结果状语。 The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin, evolution, and likely future of the universe, such as planets, stars, and all other forms of matter and energy.Exploring space helps address fundamental questions about our place in the universe and the history of our solar system. It is through our research into space that we universe, we may one day answer the question whether there is life on other planets. [课文对译] 这些太空科学研究的成果，为我们理解宇宙(如行星、恒星以及所有其他形式的物质和能量)的起源、演化和可能的未来，作出了重要的贡献。探索太空，有助于阐明关于我们在宇宙中的位置以及太阳系的历史这些本质问题。正是通过对太空的研究，我们才能确定地球是圆的，它绕着太阳公转。随着我们对宇宙的了解日益加深，有一天我们可以回答其他行星上有无生命这个问题。 [难句破解] 句⑤　第一个that是强调句型中的引导词，强调的是状语through our research into space；第二、三个that引导宾语从句作confirmed的宾语，其中第三个that不能省略。 句⑥　as引导时间状语从句，as意为“随着”。 With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration, we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind, making our lives safer and easier.One of these is earthquake shock absorbers.Shock absorbers originally applied to the space shuttle launch have also been set up in the cities with a high frequency of earthquakes in order to protect buildings and save lives.Some technologies need further research to better solve real－life problems.For example, liquid hydrogen is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket fuel, and it is .These scientific and technological advances can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas including health, energy and information technology.This should be a strong motive for continuing to explore space. [课文对译] 依靠为太空探索首次研发的技术，我们可以解决人类面临的一些重大问题，让我们的生活变得更加安全和舒适。其中一项技术就是地震减震器。最早应用到航天飞机发射中的减震器，也已经安装在地震频发的城市里，用以保护建筑和拯救生命。有的技术还需要进一步研究，以便更好地解决现实生活中的问题。例如，液态氢，一种清洁的可替代能源，被广泛用作火箭燃料，而氢燃料的电动汽车很有可能在不久的将来实现批量生产，投放市场。这些科技的进步，能在健康、能源和信息技术等众多领域造福于地球的各个社会。这应该成为继续探索太空的一个强有力的动机。 [难句破解] 句⑦　it's likely that ...是固定句型，意为“……是可能的”，it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。 Although space exploration demands huge investment, the space industry can actually bring great economic value.It has been calculated that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.At the same time, space exploration can provide a variety of career opportunities for young people.Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage.There are many support staff on the ground, such as engineers, mechanics and research assistants. [课文对译] 尽管太空探索需要巨额投资，但实际上航天业能够带来巨大的经济价值。据统计，全球航天经济每年增长数十亿美元。与此同时，太空探索能为年轻人提供各种各样的工作机会。航天业的职业远不只是被媒体广泛报道的宇航员。有许多地面的支撑人员，例如工程师、机械师和研究助理。 Moreover, can provide education and inspiration for the next generation.For me personally, this is by far the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly exciting and inspiring to witness, and it can be these moments that shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst other fields will continue to be made.When you have seen a man walk on the Moon, you grow up believing that anything is possible! [课文对译] 更重要的是，这些人的出色工作，能为下一代提供教育和激励。对我个人而言，这是迄今为止人类探索太空的最大原因。亲眼见证航天飞机发射或宇航员月球漫步这样的奇迹，是极其振奋与鼓舞人心的；可能正是这些时刻，永久地形塑孩子们的人生，激励他们成为未来的科学家和工程师。也正是这种激励，使我们始终抱持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索及其他许多领域会一直取得进步。如果你见过一个人在月球漫步，那么你在成长的过程中就会坚信，一切皆有可能！ [难句破解] 句⑧　these people do是省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词work。 句⑨　第一个that是强调句型中的引导词，强调的是主语this kind of inspiration；第二个that引导宾语从句，作ensures的宾语。 三、词汇记忆无诀窍，适时“回首”记得牢 1．astronaut n．　　　　　 宇航员，航天员 2．gravity n. 重力；严重性；严肃 3．absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席 拓展|absent adj. 缺席的，不在的；心不在焉的 反义|presence n. 在场；出现；存在；出席 4．float vi. 飘动，漂流；浮 vt. 使浮动，使漂流 5．cupboard n. 壁橱；橱柜，衣柜 6．ceiling n. 天花板；上限 7．bother vt. 使烦恼，使担心； 花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi. 花费时间精力(做某事) n. 麻烦，困难 8．occupy vt. 占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于 拓展 搭配 9．mission n. 任务；使命，天职； 军事行动；太空飞行任务 10．evaluate vt. 评估，估计，评价 拓展|evaluation n. 评价；估计 11．creature n. 动物，生物；人 12．mosquito n. 蚊子 13．microscope n. 显微镜 14．cast new light on 使进一步了解…… 15．maintenance n. 维护，保养；维持，保持 拓展|maintain v. 维持，保持；坚称；维修 16．circumstance n. 条件；状况； (circumstances) 境况，(尤指)经济状况 搭配|in the circumstances　 在这种情况下，既然如此 17．exposure n. 面临，遭受；揭露；报道 拓展|expose v．　 使暴露；使显露；揭发；使(胶卷)曝光 18．radiation n. 辐射，放射线 19．visible adj. 看得见的；明显的 拓展|invisible adj. 看不见的；无形的 20．in view of 鉴于，考虑到 21．luxury n. 不常有的乐趣(或享受)；奢侈品 22．tube n. 管，管子；软管 23．furthermore adv. 此外，再者 同义|besides, what's more 24．pill n. 药丸，药片 25．vital adj. 必不可少的，对……极重要的； 维持生命所必需的 26．discipline vt. 严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练 n. 训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力 27．leisure n. 闲暇，空闲 28．crew n. 全体工作人员；全体乘务人员， 全体船员；专业团队 29．permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的 反义 30．altogether adv. 完全；总共；总之 同义|totally, all in all, on the whole 31．kit n. 成套设备，成套工具；配套元件 32．telescope n. 望远镜 33．universe n. 宇宙，天地万物 拓展|universal adj.　 普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的 34．crucial adj. 至关重要的，关键性的 同义|vital 35．orbit vt.& vi. 围绕……运动，沿轨道运行 n. (天体等运行的)轨道 36．astronomer n. 天文学家 37．merely adv. 仅仅，只不过 38．administration n. 行政部门；管理，行政 39．agency n. 机构；代理处 40．comprise vt. 包括，包含；组成，构成 41．scan vt.&vi. 扫描；细看；浏览 　 n. 扫描检查；快速查阅 42．plain to see 显而易见的 43．foundation n. 基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会 搭配|lay the foundation for　 为……打下基础 44．purse n. 资金，财源；钱包 45．tale n. 故事；讲述，叙述 46．origin n. 起源，起因；出身 拓展 47．shuttle n. 航天飞机；来往于两地之间的航班 (或班车、火车) 　　 vi. 频繁往来(于两地之间) 48．frequency n. 发生率，出现率；频繁；频率 拓展 49．hydrogen n. 氢，氢气 50．rocket n. 火箭；火箭武器 51．motive n. 原因，动机，目的 52．investment n. 投资；投入 拓展 53．calculate vt. 计算，核算；预测 拓展 54．coverage n. 新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围 拓展 55．mechanic n. 机械师，技工 56．assistant n. 助理；售货员；助教 adj. 助理的，副的 拓展 57．incredibly adv. 极其，极端地；令人难以置信 同义|extremely，unbelievably 58．dust n. 沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃 拓展|dusty adj. 布满灰尘的；灰暗的 59．shelter n. 居所，住处；庇护 vt. 保护，掩蔽 vi. 躲避 60．constant adj. 固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的 拓展|constantly adv. 重复不断地；始终；一直 61．nuclear adj. 核能的，原子能的；核武器的 四、范文佳作多背诵，写作增分最实用 (一)单元写作任务范文背诵 写作话题　中国航天成就展 假定你是李华，今天你校组织高三学生参观了市博物馆举办的“中国航天成就展”。请在你的博客上用英语写一篇博文，分享此次活动。内容包括： 1．参加人员； 2．活动内容(聆听讲座、观看视频、体验太空漫步等)； 3．个人感想。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________　 ________________________________________________________________　 ________________________________________________________________　 ________________________________________________________________　 [推荐范文] Today's trip to the City Museum is really a memorable experience and it will be engraved in my mind forever. All Senior 3 students in our school visited a themed exhibition — Achievements Expo of China Aerospace.Firstly, we attended informative lectures and watched extremely exciting videos about launching rockets, which allowed us to get deeper insights into the development of China Aerospace.Then came the highlight.We experienced thrilling and funny spacewalks in almost zero gravity. Amazed by the outstanding achievements and touched by the spirit of China Aerospace experts, I'll devote myself to study so that I can make contributions to our country like them one day. (二)单元主题优美语段背诵 语段1　星空描写 At midnight the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter.It was so quiet.There was almost no wind — only the flames of our campfire for company.As I lay beneath the stars, I thought about how far we had already travelled. 午夜时分，天空变得更加晴朗，星星变得更加明亮。周围如此安静，几乎没有风——只有篝火的火焰与我们做伴。 我躺在星空下，想着我们已经走了多远。 语段2　天空描写 Night had fallen fast upon the land.No more than an hour ago the sky was painted with hues of red, orange and pink, but all colors had faded, leaving only a black canvas with no stars to be looked upon. 夜幕快速降临大地。 不到一个小时前，天空还是五彩缤纷的，有红色、橙色和粉色。但所有的颜色都褪去了，只剩下一块黑色的画布，看不见星星。 语段3　月亮描写 The moon had risen.The rays from the moon were striking upon the smooth white surfaces of the lake and fields, reflecting upwards a light that was brightened by the spotless color of the immense bodies of snow which covered the Earth. 月亮升起来了。月亮的光线照射在湖面和田野光滑的白色表面上，向上反射出一道亮光，那亮光是被覆盖在地球上的巨大雪体的一尘不染的颜色照亮的。 五、主题集群阅读，拓展主题认知 时尚悦读　眺望夜空的眼睛 The night sky has been an endless source of fascination since the start of human history.For example, the mysterious large－eyed, bronze statues of the ancient Shu Kingdom, ， were believed to have been able to look across great distances into the stars.In reality, humans can see very little of the night sky with the naked eye.And, for a long while, people were unable to understand what they could see.Not knowing what the stars were, people in ancient times used their imaginations to create a world in the sky. Our power to investigate and thus understand space changed dramatically when the first telescope was angled at the night sky, increasing as it did the power of the human eye and .The planets were seen to be worlds similar to our own, many of them even having their own moons.Soon, it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way.Some 300 years later, we learnt that the Milky Way itself was just one galaxy among billions of others, spread across the blackness of space like great islands of light and matter . Almost 400 years after the first Earth－based telescope was invented, the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit, giving astronomers — indeed all of us — the first breathtakingly beautiful images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.Nothing in history has allowed us to see so much over such great distances, from enormous clouds of gas ， to huge black holes, and even to new planets where we might conceivably find life.Not only that — it has also helped us to work out the age and nature of the universe, and discover the incredible fact increasing speed. To see even further into the universe, many countries are now engaged in building ever more advanced telescopes.Currently, China operates the world's largest and most powerful radio telescope, the FAST telescope, .The 500－metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”， as it is known, is being used in the search for dark matter, thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes.This vast dish also has regions of space billions of light years away, right at the edge of the visible universe. The Hubble and the space telescopes constructed after it will allow us to see further and further into space.We will view stars and galaxies billions of light years away and look back at a past that was billions of years ago.Using ever－larger radio telescopes as our eyes, we will one day be able to look back to a time in the very early universe, before the existence of light.But the human quest for knowledge reaches even beyond that. unexplored that we are still close to the start of this incredible journey of discovery. [难句破解]　 句①　过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语the mysterious large－eyed, bronze statues。 句②　现在分词短语increasing ... and enabling ...作状语，其中含有as引导的方式状语从句和that引导的宾语从句。 句③　现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词islands。 句④　where引导定语从句，修饰先行词 clouds of gas。 句⑤　that引导同位语从句，解释说明名词fact。 句⑥　过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词短语the FAST telescope。 句⑦　“the ＋名词＋to do sth.”结构，其中动词不定式作后置定语。 句⑧　so ...that ...意为“如此……以至于……”，其中so提至句首时，主句可用部分倒装。 [助读译文] 从人类有史以来，夜空就一直是让人浮想联翩的不竭源头。例如在中国考古遗址三星堆发掘的古蜀国神秘的巨目铜像，古时的人们认为它能够看到遥远的星空。事实上，人类仅凭肉眼只能看到夜空很小的一部分。并且在很长一段时间里，人们都无法理解他们所看到的事物。古时的人们并不知道星星到底是什么，所以他们便凭着想象去创造了一个空中世界。 当第一台望远镜对准夜空时，我们探索进而理解太空的能力就发生了巨大变化，它不仅增强了人类肉眼观测的能力，而且也让我们明白宇宙要比之前想象的大得多。每个行星都可以被视为和我们地球类似的星球，其中许多行星甚至有它们自己的卫星。很快，我们明白太阳只不过是银河系中数十亿计的恒星中的一个。大约300年后，我们又得知，银河系只是数十亿个散落在黑色太空中的星系之一，就像漂浮在宇宙汪洋中的一座光与物质组成的大型岛屿。 第一个地基望远镜问世将近400年之后，哈勃空间望远镜发射入轨，不仅让宇航员，事实上还让我们所有人，都看见了来自地球之外令人叹为观止的宇宙美景。它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。不仅如此，它还帮助我们测算宇宙的年龄并分析宇宙的本质，且发现了惊人的事实——宇宙正在以不断增加的速度扩大。 为了能更加深入地观察宇宙，很多国家开始投入研发更先进的望远镜。近来，中国研发了世界最大、功能最强的射电望远镜——FAST 望远镜，于2016年建成。众所周知，这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成，一般望远镜是观测不到的。这个巨盘还能探索数十亿光年之外的太空领域，那里是看得到的宇宙的边界。 哈勃望远镜以及在它之后建成的太空望远镜将使我们能看见更加遥远的太空。我们将能观察几十亿光年外的星体和星系，回看数十亿年之前的过去。终将有一天，我们会使用更巨大的射电望远镜，当作人类之眼，回看在光产生之前的宇宙的最早时期。但人类对知识的渴望不止于此。宇宙还有很多的未知领域，我们才刚刚接近这段奇幻发现之旅的起点。 36 / 100 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $