内容正文:
附:《阅读·久久为功》
一、背主题名句,写大气文章
1.(教材名句)A film is — or should be — more like music than like fiction.It should be a progression of moods and feelings.—Stanley Kubrick
电影是——或者说应该是——更像音乐而非小说。它应该是一个情绪和情感的逐步发展过程。——斯坦利·库布里克
2.Dreams begin with scripts and end in films.—George Lucas
梦想始于剧本,终结于电影。——乔治·卢卡斯
3.Film is one of the three universal languages, the other two: mathematics and music.—Frank Capra
电影是三种通用语言之一,其他两种是数学和音乐。——弗兰克·卡普拉
4.There is a film that requires a long time of accumulation, and there is a need for lightning inspiration.
有一种电影要求很长时间的积淀,有一种需要闪电般的灵感。
5.The film written by film is expressed by the relationship between image and sound, rather than by the imitation of action and tone (actor or non-actor).It doesn't analyze or explain.It reorganizes.—Robert Bresson
电影书写的影片,借影像与声音的关系来表达,而非靠(演员或非演员的)动作和声调的模仿。它不分析,也不解释。它重组。——罗伯特·布列松
二、课文不厌百遍读,书中自有“黄金屋”
课文1 Behind the scenes (幕后)
Hello, everyone!Let me start by asking you a question: what's the first thing you notice about a film? The acting? The music? Maybe the amazing sets? Whatever your answer is,
①
there's always a lot more to it than first meets the eye.Actually, the film you see on the screen is
②
the product of a huge amount of hard work,most of which takes place behind the scenes.Today, I'll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not be familiar with.
[课文对译]
大家好!让我先来问你们一个问题作为开场:对于一部电影你首先会注意什么?表演?配乐?也许是令人惊叹的布景?无论你们的答案是什么,事情总比你们认为的要复杂得多。事实上,你在银幕上看到的电影是大量艰苦工作的产物,其中大部分工作发生在幕后。今天我将就电影制作中你们可能不太熟悉的几个方面作一个简单的介绍。
[难句破解]
句① whatever引导让步状语从句。
句② you see on the screen为定语从句,修饰先行词the film,关系代词that/which在从句中作动词see的宾语,可省略;most of which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词hard work。
To begin with, I'd like to draw your attention to an important factor of a film — sound effects.These are often added after a scene has been shot and might not be made in the way you
③
would expect.For example, in Jurassic Park, the sounds of different animals, including a baby elephant and a tiger, were mixed by a computer to make a dinosaur roar.The sound of the doors opening in the Star Trek films was made simply by pulling a sheet of paper out of an envelope.
[课文对译]
首先,我想请你们注意电影的一个重要元素——音效。音效通常是在一个场景拍摄完成之后添加的,而且可能是以你意想不到的方式制作的。例如,《侏罗纪公园》中恐龙的吼叫声,是用包括小象和老虎在内的不同动物的声音通过电脑合成的。在《星际迷航》系列电影里,开门的声音不过是通过从信封里抽取纸张来实现的。
[难句破解]
句③ you would expect为定语从句,修饰先行词the way,其中省略掉了关系代词that。
Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effects. CGI has been
④
frequently used in film-making as a special effects technology.Generally, scenes requiring CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio. As green doesn't match any natural hair or
⑤
skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background.This enables CGI effects to be added later.The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors
⑥
jumping up and down in front of a green screen.However, the aid of computers isn't always preferred.Peter Jackson, director of The Lord of the Rings films, took a creative approach — he used clever camera angles to make characters seem bigger or smaller than they really were.
[课文对译]
另一个我认为非常重要的方面是视觉特效。CGI(计算机生成影像)作为一种特效技术在电影制作中已经很常用。一般来说,需要使用CGI的场景会在工作室的绿幕前拍摄。因为绿色与任何自然的人类发色或肤色都不同,演员可以轻易地与背景分离。这使得在后期添加CGI效果成为可能。“哈利·波特”系列电影中魁地奇比赛的场景就是通过演员在绿幕前上下跳跃这种方式制作的。不过,计算机辅助并不总是受到青睐。《指环王》系列电影的导演彼得·杰克逊采用了一种创造性的方法——他利用各种巧妙的拍摄角度,使剧中角色看起来比实际更大或更小。
[难句破解]
句④ I attach great importance to为定语从句,修饰先行词aspect,省略了关系代词that/which。
句⑤ as引导原因状语从句。
句⑥ with复合结构作状语,此处为“with+宾语+doing”,其中doing表示主动或正在进行的动作。
Props also contribute to a film's success. To make a film look real, great effort must
⑦
sometimes be made to research, find and build objects.Director James Cameron spent six months looking at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build a full-sized model for his 1997 film.He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself.It took 500 workers 100
⑧
days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside.
[课文对译]
道具也为一部电影的成功助力。为了让电影看起来逼真,有时必须付出巨大的努力去研究、寻找和构建物体。导演詹姆斯·卡梅隆花了半年时间研究和修正“泰坦尼克号”的图纸,目的是为他1997年的电影制作一个全尺寸模型。他和历史学家进行交流以确保细节无误,甚至亲自潜到大西洋海底查看“泰坦尼克号”的残骸。为了制作这个精致的模型,500名工人用了100天,更不用说内部还有成千上万的道具了。
[难句破解]
句⑦ To make ... 为动词不定式作目的状语。
句⑧ to ensure ... 为动词不定式作目的状语;what引导宾语从句。
My lecture today may not be able to do justice to all the work people have done behind the scenes.Just as the poor passengers on the real Titanic saw the tip of the iceberg, what we see on
⑨
the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of film-making. Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes.They have
⑩
worked for months and even years so that you can have two hours of enjoyment!
⑪
[课文对译]
我今天的讲座,可能无法对所有的幕后工作者给予公正的评价。正如“泰坦尼克号”上可怜的乘客看到的冰山一角一样,我们在影院银幕上看到的也只是电影制作这座巨大冰山的一角而已。希望下次你们走进电影院时,能想一想所有那些才华出众的幕后工作者。他们工作了数月甚至是数年,如此你们才能有两个小时的愉悦时光!
[难句破解]
句⑨ as引导方式状语从句;主句中又含有what引导的主语从句。
句⑩ next time在此用作连词,引导时间状语从句。
句⑪ so that引导结果状语从句。
课文2 Forrest Gump(Excerpt)[阿甘正传(节选)]
Forrest Gump is a 1994 film starring Tom Hanks.It tells the story of Forrest Gump, a simple man with a warm personality.Despite an IQ of 75, he lives a truly amazing life.He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States in the second half of the 20th century.
[课文对译]
《阿甘正传》是1994年由汤姆·汉克斯主演的电影。影片讲述了福雷斯特·冈普——一个单纯和热心的人的故事。尽管智商只有75,他的生活却着实精彩。20世纪下半叶美国社会发生的一些重大事件,他是亲历者,有几次他还对这些大事件产生了影响。
Mrs Gump and Forrest wait for the school bus.The bus pulls up as Mrs Gump prepares Forrest for his first day of school.
MRS GUMP: You do your very best now, Forrest.
FORREST: I sure will, Momma.
[课文对译]
冈普太太和福雷斯特等校车。冈普太太帮福雷斯特为第一天开学做准备,此时校车停下。
冈普太太:你现在要全力以赴了,福雷斯特。
福雷斯特:我一定会的,妈妈。
FORREST (Voice-over): I remember the bus ride on the first day of school very well.
The bus driver opens the door and looks down.Forrest walks to the steps of the bus and looks at the bus driver.
BUS DRIVER: Are you coming along?
FORREST: Momma said not to be taking rides from strangers.
BUS DRIVER: This is the bus to school.
FORREST: I'm Forrest.Forrest Gump.
BUS DRIVER: I'm Dorothy Harris.
FORREST: Well, now we aren't strangers anymore.
[课文对译]
福雷斯特(旁白):我还清楚地记得上学第一天坐校车的情景。
校车司机打开了门,望着下面。福雷斯特爬上校车的台阶,盯着司机。
校车司机:你上不上车?
福雷斯特:我妈妈说不要上陌生人的车。
校车司机:这是开去学校的车。
福雷斯特:我是福雷斯特。福雷斯特·冈普。
校车司机:我是多萝西·哈里斯。
福雷斯特:好吧,现在我们就不再是陌生人了。
The bus driver smiles as Forrest steps up into the bus.
Mrs Gump waves to Forrest as the bus drives away.Forrest begins to walk down the bus.
Two young boys look up from the seat.
BOY 1: This seat's taken.
BOY 2: It's taken!
[课文对译]
校车司机微笑,福雷斯特上了车。
校车开走时,冈普太太向福雷斯特挥手告别。福雷斯特向车内走去。
两个小男孩在座位上抬起头瞥了他一眼。
男孩1:这位子有人了。
男孩2:有人坐了!
Forrest looks around.A larger girl moves over so Forrest can't sit next to her.She shakes her head. Forrest looks to the other side where a boy sits alone on a larger seat.The boy looks angrily
①
at Forrest.
BOY 3: You can't sit here.
[课文对译]
福雷斯特四下看了看。一个大块头的女孩往空座上挪了挪,所以福雷斯特不能挨着她坐。那女孩摇摇头。福雷斯特看了看另外一边,有个男孩独占了更大的座位。这个男孩凶巴巴地看着福雷斯特。
男孩3:你不能坐这里。
[难句破解] 句① where引导定语从句,修饰先行词the other side。
FORREST (Voice-over):You know, it's funny what a young man recollects.Because I
②
don't remember being born. I, I ... don't recall what I got for my first Christmas and I don't know
③
when I went on my first outdoor picnic. But, I do remember the first time I heard the sweetest
④
voice in the wide world.
[课文对译]
福雷斯特(旁白):你知道,一个年轻人的回忆很有趣。因为我不记得我是怎么出生的。我,我不记得收到的第一份圣诞礼物是什么,也不记得我第一次外出野餐是什么时候。但是,我清楚地记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的情景。
[难句破解]
句② it作形式主语;what引导的主语从句作真正的主语。
句③ what引导宾语从句,作recall的宾语;when 引导宾语从句,作know的宾语。
句④ do remember表示强调,do在此强调谓语动词remember。
GIRL:You can sit here if you want.
Forrest looks back at Jenny Curran, a young girl about Forrest's age.
⑤
FORREST (Voice-over): I had never seen anything so beautiful in my life.She was like an angel.
JENNY: Well, are you going to sit down, or aren't you?
[课文对译]
女孩:如果你愿意的话,你可以坐这儿。
福雷斯特回头看到了珍妮·柯伦,一个和他年龄相仿的小女孩。
福雷斯特(旁白):我这辈子从未见过这么美好的事物,她像天使一样。
珍妮:嗯,你是坐呢,还是不坐?
[难句破解] 句⑤ a young girl about Forrest's age 作Jenny Curran的同位语。
Forrest sits down next to Jenny.
JENNY: What's wrong with your legs?
FORREST: Um, nothing at all, thank you.My legs are just fine and dandy.
[课文对译]
福雷斯特坐在了珍妮旁边。
珍妮:你的腿怎么了?
福雷斯特:呃,啥事也没有,谢谢。我的腿好得很。
FORREST (Voice-over): I just sat next to her on that bus and had a conversation all the way to school.
JENNY: Then why do you have those shoes on?
FORREST: My momma said my back's crooked like a question mark.These are going to
⑥
make me as straight as an arrow.They're my magic shoes.
[课文对译]
福雷斯特(旁白):我就坐在她旁边,在校车开往学校途中,我们一直在聊天。
珍妮:那你为什么要穿那样的鞋子?
福雷斯特:妈妈说我的背弯得像一个问号。这鞋子能让我像箭一样直,这是我的魔力鞋。
[难句破解] 句⑥ my back's crooked like a question mark为宾语从句,作said的宾语,此处省略了连接词that。本句使用了明喻的修辞手法。
FORREST (Voice-over): And next to Momma, no one ever talked to me or asked me questions.
JENNY: Are you stupid or something?
FORREST: Momma says stupid is as stupid does.
[课文对译]
福雷斯特(旁白):除了妈妈,没有人跟我说话,也没有人问我问题。
珍妮:你是傻子还是怎么回事?
福雷斯特:妈妈说做傻事的人才是傻子。
Jenny puts her hand out toward Forrest.Forrest reaches over and shakes her hand.
JENNY: I'm Jenny.
FORREST: I'm Forrest.Forrest Gump.
FORREST (Voice-over): From that day on, we was always together.Jenny and me was like peas and carrots.
[课文对译]
珍妮向福雷斯特伸出了手。福雷斯特伸出手和她握手。
珍妮:我是珍妮。
福雷斯特:我是福雷斯特。福雷斯特·冈普。
福雷斯特(旁白):从那天起,我们一直在一起。珍妮和我形影不离。
三、词汇记忆无诀窍,适时“回首”记得牢
1.type n. 类型,种类
vt.&vi. 打字
拓展
2.comedy n. 喜剧片,喜剧
3.documentary n. 纪录片,纪实节目
adj. 文件的;纪录的
4.fantasy n. 幻想作品;幻想,想象
5.horror n. 恐怖电影(或故事等);震惊,恐惧
拓展|horrible adj. 令人震惊的;恐怖的
6.romance n. 爱情故事;浪漫史;爱情
7.fiction n. 小说;虚构的事
搭配|science fiction(sci-fi) 科幻电影(或小说等)
8.behind the scenes 在后台,在幕后
9.actually adv. 实际上,事实上
拓展|actual adj. 真实的;实际的
10.brief adj. 简洁的,简单的;短时间的
拓展|briefly adv. 简短地;简要地
11.familiar adj. 熟悉的,常见的
搭配
12.factor n. 因素,要素
13.dinosaur n. 恐龙
14.roar n.&vi. 咆哮,吼叫
15.sheet n. 一张(纸);床单,被单;薄片
16.envelope n. 信封
17.attach vt. 认为有重要性,重视;
把……固定,附上
搭配
18.visual adj. 视力的,视觉的
19.frequently adv. 频繁地,经常
拓展|frequent adj. 频繁的,经常发生的
20.studio n. 电影摄影棚;录音室
21.enable vt. 使能够,使可行
反义词|disable vt. 使残废;使丧失能力;使无效
22.aid n.& vt.& vi. 帮助;援助
同义词|help, assist, assistance
23.prefer vt. 较喜欢,更喜欢
拓展|preference n. 偏爱;爱好;喜爱
24.creative adj. 创造性的,创作的;有创造力的
拓展
25.approach n. 方法;接近,靠近
vt. 接近,靠近;处理
搭配
26.angle n. 角度;立场,观点
27.prop n. 道具;支柱,支撑物
28.revise vt. 改变,修改;修订;复习
拓展|revision n. 修订,修改;复习
29.historian n. 史学工作者,历史学家
30.ensure vt. 保证,确保
31.Atlantic adj. 大西洋的
32.ocean n. 大洋,海洋
33.not to mention 更不用说,且不说
34.lecture n. 讲座,演讲;教训,训斥
vi. 开讲座,讲课
vt. 指责,训斥
35.justice n. 公平,公正;公道,合理
搭配
36.iceberg n. 冰山
37.dragon n. 龙
38.award n. 奖,奖品,奖金
vt. 授予,给予
同义词|prize
39.audience n. 观众,听众
40.perform vi. 表演;工作,运转
vt. 表演;做,履行
拓展
41.location n. 外景拍摄地;地方,地点
拓展locate vt. 坐落于
vi. 定位;定居
located adj. 位于,坐落在
搭配| be located in 坐落于……
42.in addition to 除……以外(还)
43.martial adj. 战争的,军事的
搭配|martial art 武术
44.desert n. 沙漠,荒漠
45.jungle n. 丛林,密林
46.title n. 名称,标题;称号;职位名称
生义|v. 给……加标题
47.adapt vt. 改编,改写;使适应
vi. 适应
拓展
48.regard vt. 将……认为,看待;注视
n. 尊重;尊敬
拓展
搭配|regard ... as ... 把……看作……
49.classic n. 经典作品,名著
adj. 经典的;古典的
50.super adj. 极好的,了不起的,超级的
51.solution n. 解决方法,处理手段;答案
拓展|solve vt. 解决;解答
52.onto prep. 向,朝
53.system n. 系统;制度,体制
54.cure n. 药物,疗法;治疗
vt. 治好
同义词|heal, treat
55.eventually adv. 最后,终于
同义词|finally, at last, in the end
56.fancy adj. 复杂的;花哨的;昂贵的
vt. 想要,想做;倾慕
57.narrow adj. 狭窄的;勉强的;狭隘的
vt.& vi. (使)窄小,缩小
拓展|narrowly adv. 勉强地
58.recommend vt. 推荐,举荐;劝告,建议
拓展|recommendation n. 推荐;建议
59.personality n. 性格,个性;气质
拓展
60.despite prep. 即使,尽管
61.major adj. 主要的,重要的
拓展|majority n. 大多数
62.event n. 事件;活动
63.pull up 停车,停止
64.wave vi.& vt. 挥手,招手;挥舞
n. 海浪;大量涌现
65.recollect vt.& vi. 记起,回忆起
66.recall vt.& vi. 回想,回忆起
67.angel n. 天使;善人
68.dandy adj. 非常好的,极佳的
69.crooked adj. 不直的,弯曲的
70.arrow n. 箭;箭头
71.pea n. 豌豆
四、范文佳作多背诵,写作增分最实用
(一)单元写作任务范文背诵
写作话题 邀请观影
假定你是李华,你校将组织观看电影《我和我的祖国》(My People, My Country),该片讲述了新中国成立70年间普通百姓与祖国息息相关的故事。请你写一封电子邮件邀请你的外籍教师Jerry一起观看,内容包括:
1.写信目的;
2.时间和地点;
3.你对这次活动的看法。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
[推荐范文]
Dear Jerry,
To celebrate the birthday of our country, our school will organize a viewing activity.I'm writing to invite you to join us in seeing a film called My People, My Country.
The film will be shown in The Star Cinema in the city centre from 7:00 p.m.to 9:00 p.m.this Saturday.I'm sure this film will help you have a better understanding of China.Of course, you are welcome to express your opinion of the film.I hope that you can accept our invitation.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
(二)单元主题优美语段背诵
语段1 《简·爱》选段
When St John left, it was beginning to snow, and it continued snowing all night and all the next day.In the evening I sat by my fire, listening to the wind blowing outside, and had just started reading when I heard a noise.The wind, I thought, was shaking the door, but no, it was St John, who came in out of the frozen darkness, his coat covered in snow.
圣约翰离开时,天下起雪来,持续了一晚上和第二天一天。晚上,我坐在炉边,听屋外呼啸的风声。我正要开始看书,突然听到什么响动。我想是风吹动门的声音吧,但不是,是圣约翰。他从寒夜中走进来,身上披满雪花。
语段2 《老人与海》选段
He picked the mast up and put it on his shoulder and started up the road.He had to sit down five times before he reached his shack.Inside the shack he leaned the mast against the wall.In the dark he found a water bottle and took a drink.Then he lay down on the bed.He pulled the blanket over his body and he slept face down on the newspapers with his arms out straight and the palms of his hands up.
他拿起桅杆,扛在肩上,开始上路。他坐下来(休息)了五次才到达他的小屋。在小屋里,他把桅杆靠在墙上。在黑暗中,他找到一个水瓶,喝了一杯。然后他躺在床上。他把毯子盖在身上,脸朝下趴在报纸上睡觉,双臂伸直,手掌向上。
五、主题集群阅读,拓展主题认知
时尚悦读 从好书到屏幕
They say that “a picture is worth a thousand words”, but the briefest look at books and the movies based on them would have anyone questioning this common saying.All too often, great words end up being turned into cinematic “turkeys”.
Good movies need good stories.If so, why has one of the earliest and greatest works in Western storytelling, Homer's The Odyssey, never had an equally great movie based on it? Movies need strong characters.So why have the movies based on The Great Gatsby never been praised as “great”?Movies of course need impressive images, so why has Alice in Wonderland only resulted in movies best described as “interesting”?
One of the key reasons behind this is that while a book usually takes a few days to read, a
①
movie typically lasts under two hours.This means that great books can lose plot details and
②
characters when they move to the big screen.This is something that even the highly successful Harry Potter movies can't escape from,with fans of the books disappointed not to see some of their
③
favourite characters in the movie versions.
Movies also disappoint us when things don't look the way we imagined them in the books.
④
Take, for
example, the epic movie Troy, which is in part based on Homer's The Iliad and was met with mixed reviews from the audience.The most questionable issue was the actress chosen to play the part of Helen.Many people thought she didn't live up to Helen's title of “the most beautiful woman in the world”, influencing opinions of the movie to some extent.
There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people's eyes. Furthermore, books and movies
⑤
are two different forms of media and therefore have different rules.With this in mind, perhaps we should judge a movie in its own right, and not against its original source.Interestingly, audiences have in recent years turned to television series such as Sherlock or Mad Men, which can have many characters and gradual plot development.Perhaps, one day, readers of F.Scott Fitzgerald's most admired work will find themselves glued to their screens by episodes of The Great Gatsby.
[难句破解]
句① 此处为that引导的表语从句。该表语从句中,含有while引导的并列句,while意为“然而”,表示对比。
句② 该句为主从复合句。that ... to the big screen为that引导的宾语从句,作means的宾语;该宾语从句中,when ... screen为when引导的时间状语从句。
句③ with fans of the books disappointed ... versions为with复合结构,在句中作结果状语; not to see ... versions为不定式短语作原因状语,表示disappointed的原因。
句④ 本句为主从复合句。其中when ... books为when引导的时间状语从句,在该从句中,we ... in the books为省略了关系词的定语从句,修饰前面的先行词the way。
句⑤ There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people's eyes.“一千个读者就有一千个哈姆雷特。”该谚语形容不同的人对同一个问题会因自己人生观、价值观甚至看问题角度的不同而有不同的理解。相似含义的汉语习语:仁者见仁,智者见智。
[助读译文]
人们常说“一图胜千词”,但是简单对照一下书籍和由之改编的电影,就会让人开始质疑这种说法。很多时候,优秀的文字作品最终却变成了失败的电影。
好电影需要好故事。若是这样,那为什么西方最早也是最优秀的叙事文本之一——荷马的《奥德赛》——从来没有产生过同样优秀的改编电影呢?电影中需要个性鲜明的人物。那为什么由《了不起的盖茨比》改编的电影从未被赞为“了不起”呢?电影当然需要令人印象深刻的画面,那为什么由《爱丽丝梦游仙境》改编的电影最多也只能被称为“有点意思”呢?
这背后的一个重要原因就是,一本书通常需要花几天的时间来阅读,而一部电影一般不会超过两小时。这就意味着好书被搬上大银幕之后,会删减一些情节和人物。这是连大获成功的“哈利·波特”系列电影也无法避免的事情,有的书迷因为在电影中看不到自己最喜欢的一些角色而大失所望。
电影呈现出的事物与我们读书时的想象有落差时,我们也会备感失望。以史诗电影《特洛伊》为例,它部分改编自荷马的《伊利亚特》,观众对它的评论毁誉参半。其中最受争议的问题在于扮演海伦的女演员。许多人认为她配不上海伦“世上最美的女人”这一称号,这一定程度上影响到了人们对这部电影的评价。
一千个读者就有一千个哈姆雷特。而且书籍和电影是两种不同的媒体形式,因此也遵循不同的原则。知道了这一点,也许我们应该从电影本身来评价它,而不是将其与原始版本进行对比。值得注意的是,观众已经逐渐将兴趣转向了《神探夏洛克》或《广告狂人》这样的电视连续剧,因为电视剧能展现更多人物,情节也得以逐步展开。也许有一天,F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德最杰出作品的读者们,会发现自己已被《了不起的盖茨比》的剧集深深吸引。
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