Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册教师用书word（译林版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语动词-ed形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语这一核心语法点，通过“语境中体悟”（如UNICEF相关例句）导入，系统梳理用法（定语的位置与语态时态、状语的逻辑关系及独立主格、宾补的动词搭配），再经“应用中融通”（句型转换、高考真题练习）巩固，构建“感知-梳理-应用”的学习支架。 该资料以真实语境培养语言能力，对比表格（done/being done/to be done区别）提升思维品质，高考真题及词汇拓展（如indicate用法）强化学习能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后助力学生通过练习查漏补缺，实现语法与词汇综合提升。

Section Ⅲ　　Grammar and usage 　　　(语法项目——动词－ed形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语) 语境中体悟 ①The United Nations Children's Fund, also known as UNICEF, is a United Nations (UN) organisation based in New York.②It offers help needed by children all over the world.③Founded on 11 December 1946, UNICEF aimed to provide food and healthcare for children in countries damaged in World War Ⅱ at first.Since 1953, UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world.④Now, UNICEF has been working to improve the lives of children and their families and makes its work carried out across 190 countries and territories. [语法入门] 句①中的过去分词known及based在句中作定语； 句②中的过去分词needed在句中作定语，修饰help； 句③中的Founded在句中作状语，可改为时间状语从句；damaged在句中作定语，修饰countries； 句④中的过去分词短语carried out在句中作宾语补足语，为make sth.done结构。 学案中理清 动词－ed形式具有形容词、副词的作用，在句中可以作定语、状语和宾语补足语等成分。 一、动词－ed形式作定语 1．一般情况下，单个过去分词作定语，通常放在所修饰词之前。 (1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left (剩余的)、 given(所给的)、 concerned (有关的)等。 (2)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。 2．过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，通常放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 3．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成。不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作已完成。 4．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别： 语态 时态 done 被动 完成 being done 被动 进行 to be done 被动 尚未发生 　　[对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①(2025·全国Ⅱ卷)If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left (leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders. ②(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six－meter－tall pavilion, inspired (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. ③(2024·浙江1月高考)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份)． ④(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message intended (intend) for everyone. ⑤(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong to royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built (build) system of ring roads. 二、动词－ed形式作状语 1．过去分词(短语)作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、伴随、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句；其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。 2．有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。此类过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost、 seated、 hidden、 lost/absorbed in、 dressed in、 tired of等。 3．过去分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致；如果不一致，则应在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词结构被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。 [对点练] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①That didn't go as planned (plan)．But, I tried my best. ②It is said that about 20% of 25－34－year－olds live with their parents, compared (compare) with 16% in 1991. ③Founded (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art. ④Translated (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. (2)用独立主格结构作状语改写句子 ⑤After the lecture was given, a lively question－and－answer session followed. →The_lecture_given,_a lively question－and－answer session followed. ⑥The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries. →The factory produced many famous cars, none_of_them_shipped_to_foreign_countries. ⑦Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy. →Extra_money_given_to_the_poor,_he felt very happy. 三、动词－ed形式作宾语补足语 1．过去分词用在表示某种状态的keep、 leave等词的后面作宾语补足语。 2．过去分词用在使役动词have/get和make的后面作宾语补足语。 (1)“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。 (2)在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。 3．感官动词see、 hear、 notice、 observe、 watch、 feel、 find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 4．表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like、 want、 wish、 expect、 order等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。 5．用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。 [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①But that's how nature is — always leaving us astonished (astonish)． ②They make great gifts and you see them many times decorated (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune. ③Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car washed (wash)． ④Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues amused (amuse) with her stories. ⑤With the problem solved (solve), the quality has been improved. ⑥They knew her very well. They had seen her grow_(grow) up from childhood. ⑦The missing boy was last seen playing (play) near the river. ⑧The steward was surprised to find his room thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged (arrange) in perfect order. 应用中融通 Ⅰ.句型转换(用非谓语形式改写句子) 1．The library which was built in 1995 is still in good condition. →The library built_in_1995 is still in good condition. 2．He was devoted to his research, so that he had no time to relax. →Devoted_to_his_research,_he had no time to relax. 3．When I arrived there, I noticed the car was stuck in the mud. →When I arrived there, I noticed_the_car_stuck_in_the_mud. 4．If I was given more time, I would be able to finish the task. →Given_more_time,_I would be able to finish the task. 5．The woman doctor tried her best to save the girl who was seriously injured in the accident. →The woman doctor tried her best to save the girl seriously injured_in_the_accident. 6．The athlete walked onto the platform, and he was followed by two other prizewinners. →The athlete walked onto the platform, followed_by_two_other_prizewinners. 7．In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetlands that were damaged by human activities. →In recent years, we have seen large areas of wetlands damaged_by_human_activities. 8．The man who is cheering up the team members is the organizer of this activity. →The man cheering_up_the_team_members is the organizer of this activity. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．She was happy to see_her_mother_taken_good_care_of at her elder sister's home. 她很高兴看到母亲在姐姐家里受到了很好的照顾。 2．Having_been_discussed_many_times,_the problem was settled in a simple way at last. 被讨论了几次后，这个问题最终用一种简单的方式被解决了。 3．Dressed_in_a_beautiful_skirt,_she attended the opening ceremony. 她穿着一条漂亮的裙子，参加了开幕式。 4．Beaten_by_another_team again, we didn't lose heart. 虽然又被另一支队伍打败了，但是我们没有灰心。 5．You can't accept an opinion offered_to_you unless it is based on facts. 你不能接受提供给你的意见，除非它是基于事实的。 Ⅲ.用所给词的恰当形式填空 ①Observed (observe) on the first day of the first lunar month, Chinese Lunar New Year, also ②called (call) the Spring Festival, is well received by all the Chinese people all over the world.At the Spring Festival, most people have big meals ③cooked (cook) by themselves and chat with family members while others may take a trip ④to_visit (visit) their friends or to spend their long holiday.It is also a children's festival.The elders will hand out red packets to the younger generation with some money ⑤put (put) into them.And children used to set off firecrackers during the Spring Festival.Chinese people think the loud sound of the firecrackers makes devils ⑥driven (drive) away. 1．The results indicated that something produced by the mould had killed the bacteria. 结果表明，这种霉菌所产生的某种物质杀死了细菌。 ★indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出 |用|法|感|知| •(“动作描写”佳句)She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us. 她拿出一张地图，给我们指出最快捷的路线。 •Research indicates that the numbers have been rising for some time. 研究表明，这些数字已经上升一段时间了。 •All the indications are that he is filled with anger now. 所有迹象都表明他现在正处于盛怒之中。 [归纳点拨] (1)indicate sth.to sb.　　 向某人表明或暗示某事 indicate that ... 表明或暗示…… (2)indication n. 迹象，暗示 indication of (doing) sth. (做)……的暗示 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①She gave no indication (indicate) of hearing us. ②Progress indicates_a_person's_ability to change the way he is living. 进步表明一个人改变目前生活方式的能力。 ③A red sky in the evening indicates_fine_weather the following day. 傍晚天边红，明朝天气好。 ④The_passage_indicates_that it is human activity that has resulted in the environmental destruction to the village. 文章表明是人类活动对村庄环境造成了破坏。 2．As Louis Pasteur said，“Fortune favours the prepared mind.” 正如路易·巴斯德所说：“机遇眷顾有准备的人。” ★favour vt.较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n．帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒 |用|法|感|知| •Of the three plans I favour the first, which I think is the most practical. 这三个计划中，我赞同第一个，我认为这个最实用。 •(总结收尾句)We are all in favour of this kind of races, and hope that our school can often hold this kind of activities.我们都支持这种赛跑活动，并希望我们学校可以经常举办这类活动。 •(主旨升华句)It is also meaningful to make use of what I have learned to do others a favour. 利用我学的东西帮助他人也是很有意义的。 [归纳点拨] (1)in favour of　　　　 支持，赞同；有利于 in sb.'s favour 有利于某人 (2)do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb. 给某人以恩惠；帮助某人 ask sb.a favour ＝ ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙 (3)favourable adj. 有利的；赞同的；支持的 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①I hate to disturb you, but I'd like to ask a favour. ②Personally, I am in favour of the new policy that will come into effect next month. ③We could have done better under more favourable (favour) conditions. (2)一句多译 请帮个忙把我刚刚收到的这封信处理掉行吗？ ④Would you do_me_a_favour and get rid of this letter I've just received? ⑤Would you do_a_favour_for_me and get rid of this letter I've just received? 3．When a thunderstorm approached, the lightning would charge the key. 当雷雨来临，闪电就会给钥匙充电。 ★charge vt.& vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；使……承担责任；使充满 n．收费；控告；谴责；掌管 |用|法|感|知| •Suppose you are in charge of a small society, what will you do to help your partner? 假设你负责一个小社团，你会做些什么来帮助你的伙伴？ •(“咨询”类佳句)Thirdly, I wonder how much you will charge us for the six－week course. 第三，我想知道你们六周的课程要收多少钱。 [归纳点拨] (1)free of charge　　 　 免费 on charge 充电中 in charge of 主管/负责…… in the charge of 由……负责/掌控 take charge of 掌管/负责…… (2)charge sb.some money for sth. 为某物向某人索价 charge sb.with (doing) sth. 指控/控告某人(做)某事 |应|用|融|会| (1)介词填空 ①The man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs. ②They charged me five dollars for a cup of coffee. (2)一句多译 他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。 ③He can't be_in_charge_of the programme because it is beyond his ability. ④He can't take_charge_of the programme because it is beyond his ability. ⑤The programme can't be_in_the_charge_of him because it is beyond his ability. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $