Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．relating to the knowledge, machines or methods used in science and industry——adj. technical 2．to copy or move programs or information to a larger computer system or to the Internet ——v. upload 3．to ask for sth or ask sb to do sth in a polite or formal way——vt. request 4．to be in the right or suitable place——vi. belong 5．a theatrical work with a type of dancing where carefully organized movements tell a story or express an idea——n. ballet 6．to copy or move programs or information into a computer's memory, especially from the Internet or a larger computer——v. download 7．belong__to 属于，归……所有 8．set__up 创建，建立 Ⅱ.教材原句 1．____________________ (突然想起) dance had a very positive effect on her daughter. 答案：It occurred to her that 2．“She always ____________________ (发现舞蹈令人放松) after a long day at school，” she said. 答案：found dance relaxing 3．________________ (利用) the site's great start, Fiona decided to add more content. 答案：Taking advantage of 4．There is also a forum where users can discuss __________________ (各种主题) on dancing. 答案：all sorts of topics 5．____________________ (因为获得如此多的成功), Fiona hopes to attract more users through other forms of new media. 答案：Having achieved such success 6．For example, she has requested a technical team to develop an app ________________________ (以便满足使用者的需求)． 答案：so as to satisfy different users' needs 7．You can also share pictures of your chosen haircuts ________________ (在社交媒体上) and let your friends choose one for you! 答案：on social media 8．____________________ (在线聊天) with the girl's mum, the family are having a good time. 答案：Chatting on line 1 belong vi. 应在(某处)；能适应(教材P34) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①As is known to us, China is a country which belongs to developing countries. 众所周知，中国属于发展中国家。 ②The taxi driver often reminds passengers to take their belongings when they leave the car. 出租车司机常在乘客下车时提醒他们带好自己的物品。 belong to中的to是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，形式为“ ... belonging to”。belong to后面接人称代词作宾语时，要用宾格形式。 这辆自行车是我的。 The bike is belonging to me. (×) The bike is belonged to me. (×) The bike belongs to mine. (×) The bike belongs to me. (√) (1)单句语法填空 ①He was very upset that the valuable watch ________ (belong) to him was missing. ②Whatever you have picked up, you must give it back to whoever it ________ (belong) to. 答案：①belonging　②belongs (2)单句表达 老师经常告诉我们未来属于我们。 The teacher often tells us the future ________________________. 答案：belongs to us 2 set up 创建，建立(教材P34) 归纳拓展 ①For all these years I have been working for others. I'm hoping I'll set up my own business some day. 这些年来我一直为他人工作。我希望有一天可以开创自己的事业。 ②You had better set down what your teacher said. 你最好把你老师说的话记下来。 ③The moment he arrived home, he set out to read the book. 他一回到家就开始读书。 (1)单句语法填空 ①A notice was set ________ in order to remind the students of the changed lecture time. ②I did not quite know how to set ________ my mission. ③Some doctors advise setting ________ a certain hour each day for worries. 答案：①up　②about　③aside (2)单句表达 警察在通往城外的路上设置了路障。 The police ____________ roadblocks on routes out of the city. 答案：set up 3 request vt. 要求，请求　n. 要求，请求；要求的事(教材P34) 归纳拓展 情景助记 ①The boy requested a cellphone from his parents. 男孩向父母要一款手机。 ②Our headteacher requested us to go over our lessons. ＝Our headteacher requested that we (should) go over our lessons. 班主任要求我们复习功课。 ③The tourist came up to the native, and made a request for his help. 这位游客走向那位本地人，请求他的帮助。 一句多译 老师要求学生好好准备接下来的考试。 The teacher made a request that the students ____________ well prepared for the coming exam. ＝The teacher requested that the students ____________ well prepared for the coming exam. ＝The teacher requested the students ________ well prepared for the coming exam. ＝The students ________________ well prepared for the coming exam. 答案：(should) be; (should) be; to be; were requested to be Grammar　动词­ing形式作定语、状语和宾语补足语 语法体验 单句语法填空 1．In the ________ (follow) years he worked even harder. 答案：following 2．When she got home, there was a pile of mails ________ (wait) for her. 答案：waiting 3．________ (hear) the news, the manager soon arrived at the scene. 答案：Hearing 4．The student worked all day and all night, thus ________ (make) himself near－sighted. 答案：making 5．The headmaster found those students ________ (study) very hard. 答案：studying 6．I heard my mother ________ (call) my name. 答案：calling 语法讲座 一、动词­ing形式作定语 1．位置：单个动词­ing形式作定语，常放在被修饰词前作前置定语；动词­ing形式短语作定语，常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。 2．形式：动词­ing形式作定语(以do为例)有doing、形容词化的doing和being done三种形式。具体用法如下： (1)doing作定语 ①doing作定语，do与被修饰词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示正在进行的或与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的主动动作。例如： Don't wake up the sleeping baby. 不要吵醒那个正在睡觉的宝宝。 Dorea received an e­mail the other day saying her sister was coming to visit her. 朵拉前几天收到一封电子邮件，说她姐姐要来看她。 ②doing作定语，还可表示被修饰词的用途、功能或属性，常在句中作前置定语。例如： a watering pot＝a pot for watering 喷壶 He trained five times a week at a local swimming pool. 他每周在当地的游泳池训练五次。 No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 阅览室里任何人不得大声说话。 (2)形容词化的doing形式作定语，相当于形容词，表示中心词的性质，意为“令人……的”；形容词化的done形式作定语，常表示“感到……的”。 an exciting story 令人兴奋的故事 an excited voice 兴奋的声音 a puzzling question 令人困惑的问题 a puzzled expression 困惑的表情 (3)being done作定语 do与被修饰词之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示正在进行的被动动作。 The house being built here belongs to Amy. 这里正在建的房子是艾米的。 The conference being held now is so important that no one is absent. 现在正在召开的会议很重要，所以没有人缺席。 3．动词­ing形式短语作后置定语时可以扩展成定语从句。 The woman talking with our headmaster is Jame's mother. ＝The woman who is talking with our headmaster is Jame's mother. 正和我们校长谈话的那个女士是詹姆的妈妈。 单句语法填空 ①Chinese New Year is a celebration ________ (mark) the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. ②The topic ________ (discuss) at the moment is about music. ③People ________ (run) these factories are very concerned about the environment. ④Tell the boy ________ (play) over there not to make any noise. 答案：①marking　②being discussed　③running ④playing 二、动词­ing形式作状语 1．用法 语态意义：主动形式表示构成动词­ing的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；被动形式表示构成动词­ing的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。 Walking in the park, she saw an old friend. 在公园散步时，她看见了一位老朋友。 Being talked to, you should look at the eyes of the person. 有人和你说话时，你应该看着那个人的眼睛。 Having dressed up, we went out to have some good local food and enjoy the celebrations. 盛装打扮后，我们出去吃了一些当地美食，享受了庆祝活动。 Having been caught in the rain for a long time, he was wet all over. 由于被雨淋了很长时间，他浑身都湿透了。 2．种类 动词­ing形式作状语时可以表示原因、条件、让步、时间、结果、方式或伴随状况，作方式状语和伴随状语时可以变为并列成分，作原因、条件、让步、时间状语时相当于对应的状语从句。 Being ill, he couldn't go to school. ＝As he was ill, he couldn't go to school. 因为生病了，所以他无法去上学。(原因) Turning to the left, you will find a path leading to her cottage. ＝If you turn to the left, you will find a path leading to her cottage. 向左转弯，你就可以找到一条通往她的小屋的小路。(条件) Admitting what he has said, I still think that he hasn't tried his best. ＝Although I admit what he has said, I still think that he hasn't tried his best. 尽管我承认他所说的话，但我仍然认为他没有尽他最大的努力。(让步) Hearing the news, I immediately set off for Shanghai. ＝When I heard the news, I immediately set off for Shanghai. 听到这个消息，我立即出发到上海了。(时间) The rain lasted a week, resulting in serious traffic confusion in the whole area. ＝The rain lasted a week, so it resulted in serious traffic confusion in the whole area. 这场雨持续了一个星期，造成了整个地区严重的交通混乱。(结果) Please answer the question using another way. ＝Please answer the question and use another way. 请用另一种方式回答这个问题。(方式) She walked down the hill, singing loudly. ＝She walked down the hill and sang loudly. 她从小山上走下来，大声唱着歌。(伴随) 3．注意事项 (1)动词­ing形式的否定形式是“not/never ＋动词­ing”。 Not having tried his best, he failed in the exam. 由于没有尽最大努力，他这次考试没能通过。 (2)动词­ing形式作状语时，为明确状语的类型，有时可在其前加上相应的从属连词(when, while, after, before, since, once, unless, as if, even if, though等)。“从属连词＋动词­ing形式”可以视为状语从句的省略。 While (he was) waiting for the bus, he met Mary. 等公共汽车时，他遇到了玛丽。 (3)有些动词­ing形式短语已成为习惯用语，用来修饰整个句子，作状语，如： judging from/by ... 从……来判断；supposing ... 假设……；providing that ... 假如……； assuming ... 假如……；frankly speaking 坦白地说；considering ... 考虑到……；seeing that ... 鉴于……；因为…… ；generally speaking 一般说来；taking ... into consideration 考虑到…… Generally speaking, the more you pay, the more you get. 一般来说，花钱越多，得到的东西就越多。 (4)动词­ing形式作结果状语时，表示自然而然的结果，前面常有thus，thereby等词修饰；不定式作结果状语时，常表示出人意料的结果，前面常有only修饰。两者通常都放在句末，且用逗号将其与句子其他部分隔开。 The old scientist died all of a sudden, leaving the project unfinished. 那位老科学家突然去世了，留下了未完成的项目。 We hurried to the station to see Mary off, only to find the train had already gone. 我们匆匆赶到车站为玛丽送行，却发现火车已经开走了。 单句语法填空 ①After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, ________ (work) to pay her tuition (学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. ②I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes ________ (read) up to three books a day as a child. ③________ (leave) the Japanese capital with 38 gold, 32 silver and 18 bronze medals, Team China tied its London 2012 result as the best golden haul at an overseas Olympics. ④The Kang Rui hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ (allow) more patients to be treated. ⑤________ (act) as a symbol of hope for refugees worldwide and bringing global attention to the refugee crisis. ⑥My sister was afraid of animals, ________ (include) insects and mammals. ⑦Try talking to different community members, ________ (range) from youths to seniors. ⑧________ (work) for over 30 years, Mr Wang retired last month. 答案：①working　②reading　③Leaving　④allowing　⑤Acting　⑥including　⑦ranging ⑧Having worked 三、动词­ing形式作宾语补足语 1．形式及意义 形式 时态意义 语态意义 主动形式：doing 表示正在进行 主动形式表示构成动词­ing的动词与句子宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系 被动形式：being done 被动形式表示构成动词­ing的动词与句子宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系 2.用法 (1)在watch, see, hear, feel, find, notice, smell等表示感官和心理状态的动词后作宾补，表示动作正在进行，并非全过程。 I saw her being questioned by the police. 我看到她正在被警察盘问。(表示正在进行的被动动作) 感官动词后既可以用现在分词作宾补，也可以用省略to的动词不定式作宾补，其区别是：现在分词作宾补，强调动作正在进行，并非全过程；省略to的动词不定式作宾补，表示动作的完成，即全过程。 I saw him crossing the road. 我看见他在过马路。(正在进行) I saw him cross the road. 我看见他过了马路。(全过程) (2)在have, keep, get, set等表示“使”“让”的动词后作宾补 Don't have the water running when you brush your teeth. 你刷牙的时候不要让水一直流。(表示正在进行的主动动作) 单句语法填空 ①The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail ________ (weave) in the air. ②It's wrong of you to leave the machine ________ (run)． ③In order to keep warm, we kept the fire ________ (burn) all night long. ④At that moment, they saw a young man ________ (wander) on the pavement outside their house. 答案：①weaving　②running　③burning　④wandering Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示完成句子 1．It is obvious that she was there at Tom's ________ (要求)． 答案：request 2．We offer free ________ (技术的) support for those buying our software. 答案：technical 3．All you need to do is ________ (上传) the files on to your webspace. 答案：upload 4．Could you ________ (下载) some music for me? 答案：download 5．“Swan Lake” is one of the great classical ________ (芭蕾舞剧)． 答案：ballets Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Lions and tigers belong ________ the cat family. 答案：to 2．They sell at prices ________ (range) from $100 to $150. 答案：ranging 3．The medical team ________ (consist) of 10 doctors arrived at the hospital. 答案：consisting 4．They use computers to keep the traffic ________ (run) smoothly and safely. 答案：running 5．The car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ________ (cause) the delay. 答案：causing Ⅲ.单句表达 1．庆祝农历新年的家庭可以一起欣赏令人兴奋的舞龙和游行。 Families ________________________ can enjoy exciting dragon dances and carnivals together. 答案：celebrating the Lunar New Year 2．他又看了一眼，发现那辆报废的车下面冒出了火焰。 One more look and he noticed flames ________________ under the disabled vehicle. 答案：shooting out from 3．他站在那里，为是否参加战斗而犹豫不决时，刹那间想到了这个主意。 The thought came to him in an instant as he stood, ________________ whether to join the fight. 答案：hesitating over 4．2021年5月24日，风狂雨骤，长沙见证了成千上万的群众为他送行。 On May 24, 2021, there was a violent storm and rain and Changsha __________________ ________________． 答案：witnessed thousands of people seeing him off 5．在抵达旧金山之后，为了谋生很多中国人在唐人街开了商店和餐馆。 ____________________ San Francisco, many Chinese opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to earn a/their living. 答案：Having arrived in 课后课时作业 Ⅰ　完形填空 The other day I was shopping at a local store and met a lady. She was squatting (蹲坐) on the floor looking for a __1__ product on the bottom shelf. She jumped up when she saw me as if to __2__ my way. Apologetically (抱歉地) she __3__ that she was a __4__ at a nearby store and was __5__ her lunch break, trying to get a few needed items. I reassured (使消除疑虑 ) her, “I am in no hurry. Go ahead and do what you need to do.” __6__ she searched for a particular brand she said that sometimes __7__ were rude to her at the store and she really __8__ my kindness. I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely. I explained to her that I was a retired nurse and __9__ some of what she was saying first hand. Sometimes, the sick people could be rude. She thanked me for being so nice and friendly. I told her, “The world would be a __10__ place if we all acted __11__. Those who are rude may have bad karma (因果报应) coming after them eventually for __12__ people badly.” She nodded and broke out in a big smile. In a brief __13__ I showed her there were good and kind people in the world and might have boosted (增进) her __14__ in humanity. Maybe she __15__ that later in the day, when someone was treating her unkindly. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在商店里偶遇一位正在寻找商品的收银员。在交谈的过程中，收银员提到很多时候她会遭到顾客的无礼对待。作者宽慰了对方，并且告诉她：如果我们都能善待他人，这个世界会变得更好。 1．A.useful B．certain C．fascinating D．commercial 答案：B　作者不知道对方在寻找什么商品，因此此处指她在找某种(certain)商品。useful “有用的”；fascinating “迷人的”；commercial “商业的”。 2．A.head to B．give way to C．get out of D．keep track of 答案：C　她跳起来，好像要给作者让(get out of)路。head to “朝……行进”；give way to “让位给”；keep track of “了解……的动态，与……保持联系”。 3．A.whispered B．reflected C．explained D．added 答案：C　根据后面她说话的内容可知，她在向作者解释(explain)自己在做什么。whisper “低语”；reflect “反映”；add “添加”。 4．A.waitress B．actress C．conductor D．cashier 答案：D　根据第二段中的“I told her that I had noticed cashiers being treated rudely.”可知，她是一名收银员(cashier)。waitress “女服务员”；actress “女演员”；conductor “指挥，售票员”。 5．A.on 　B．through C．under D．with 答案：A　on lunch break意为“在午饭休息期间”，是固定短语。 6．A.While B．Before C．Once D．Although 答案：A　此处表示当(while)她寻找某个特定的品牌时，她说有时顾客在商店里对她很粗鲁。 7．A.employees B．visitors C．hosts D．customers 答案：D　此处表示她是一名收银员，在商店里顾客(customer)有时对她很粗鲁。employee “雇员”；visitor “参观者”；host “主人，主持人”。 8．A.admitted B．appreciated C．responded D．rejected 答案：B　此处表示顾客对她态度不好，所以她对作者的善良心存感激(appreciate)。admit “承认”；respond “回应”；reject “拒绝”。 9．A.realized 　B．understood C．recognized 　　　D．accepted 答案：B　作者和那位收银员一样，都曾经受到过别人无礼的对待，因此作者理解(understand)她的话。realize “意识到”；recognize “认出”；accept “接受”。 10．A.better B．cleaner C．stronger 　　D．larger 答案：A　根据该段第一句可知，作者对她非常友善。因此作者对她说的话应该是：如果我们大家都能友善对待别人，那么世界将会变得更好(better)。 11．A.happily B．frankly C．kindly D．generously 答案：C　根据该段第一句可知，作者对她非常友善，所以此处指如果大家都能友善(kindly)对待别人。happily “快乐地”；frankly “坦率地，直率地”；generously “慷慨地”。 12．A.punishing B．treating C．scaring D．affecting 答案：B　作者宽慰她：那些粗鲁无礼的人最终可能会因为不好地对待(treat)人而遭到报应。punish “惩罚”；scare “使害怕”；affect “影响”。 13．A.exchange B．lecture C．repetition D．performance 答案：A　作者和那位收银员进行了简短的交谈(exchange)。lecture “演讲，讲座”；repetition “重复”；performance “表演，表现”。 14．A.relief B．fortune C．virtue D．faith 答案：D　作者的行为向对方展示，世界上有很多善良的人。这会增强她对人性的信心(faith)。relief “宽慰，轻松”；fortune “运气，财富”；virtue “美德”。 15．A.watched over 　B．brought about C．thought about 　D．got through 答案：C　当这位收银员再受到别人无礼的对待时，可能她会考虑(think about)一下作者说的话，从而内心会好受一些。watch over “监督，照管”；bring about “引起”；get through “完成，通过”。 Ⅱ　阅读 A Marie Curie is well－known all over the world. However, perhaps you have not heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years? Jane Addams (18601935) Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community (社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. Rachel Carson (19071964) If it weren't for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans. Sandra Day O'Connor (1930present) When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the US Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court. Rosa Parks (19132005) On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil­rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in.” said Parks. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了过去的一百年里，四位杰出的女性。 1．What is Jane Addams famous for in history? A．Her social work. B．Her teaching skills. C．Her efforts to win a prize. D．Her community background. 答案：A　细节理解题。根据Jane Addams部分中的“Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.(任何接受过社工帮助的人都要感谢Jane Addams(简·亚当斯)。)”可知，在历史上，Jane Addams因为她的社会工作而出名。故选A。 2．What is the reason for O'Connor's not being able to find a job in the law firm? A．Her lack of proper training in law. B．Her little work experience in court. C．The discrimination against women. D．The poor financial conditions. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据Sandra Day O'Connor部分中的“When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.(1952年， Sandra Day O'Connor(桑德拉·戴·奥康纳)在斯坦福大学法学院以全班第三名的成绩毕业， 但她在律师事务所找不到工作， 因为她是一位女性。)”可知，她没能在律师事务所找到工作，是因为她是一名女性，与C项(对于女性的歧视。)相符。故选C。 3．What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text? A．They are highly educated. B．They are truly creative. C．They are pioneers. D．They are peace­lovers. 答案：C　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，文中四位女性都是各领域的先驱。故选C。 B Christy and Ted Wilson set asideP time every Sunday evening to go over their shared to－do list. Most of the items are tasks like scheduling doctor appointments and organizing play dates for their three young children. In every relationship, there's a question of who is pulling__their__weight__around__the__house. Now that a majority of married－couple families have two working parents, the old “rough day at the office” excuse doesn't really cut it. Women still handleW1 more of the household activities, but men increasingly are spending time on food preparation and cleanup. To keep things fair or at least to avoid fights, couples are turning to technology. They are using project management apps designed for the workplace to divide up and track household to－dos and reserving a portionW2 of their date nights to compare chores. In some cases, they are even turning it into a game, setting rewards for getting things done. The imbalance doesn't always follow gender lines (性别界线). There was a time when Mr Wilson was in more of a “Mr Mom” role: He was attending business school, while Mrs Wilson was clocking long hours as a lawyer. So Mr Wilson had more flexibility to take on more of the child－care and household management work. The couple's roles changed after Mr Wilson graduated and started an e­commerce company. “We have had a lot of switchingW3 back and forth of who was in the driver's seat in terms of household management so one person wasn't too put upon，” she said. They began using calendars to keep the family schedules straight and sharing a to－do list in the Notes app on their phones. Each can take on chores the other dislikes. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项。 4．What does the underlined part “pulling their weight around the house” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Taking on the household chores. B．Sharing the burden of buying a house. C．Running around the house to lose weight. D．Making excuses for not doing any housework. 答案：A　词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Women still handle more ... and cleanup.”可知，大多数已婚夫妇在家庭生活中都承担着自己的责任，由此可知，pulling their weight around the house在此处意为“承担家务”。故选A。 5．Why does the couple turn to project management apps? A．To stop their arguments over dates. B．To play phone games with each other. C．To distribute and follow household to－dos. D．To reward themselves for doing the housework. 答案：C　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“They are using project management ... to compare chores.”可知，夫妻转向项目管理应用是为了划分和跟踪家庭事务。故选C。 6．What can we infer from the Wilsons' example? A．Gender plays a key role in management. B．Understanding can help solve problems. C．Couples need to switch their roles each day. D．Digital apps can only handle household arguments. 答案：B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The couple's roles changed after Mr Wilson ... take on chores the other dislikes.”可知，Wilson(威尔逊)一家人的家庭管理由两人共同分担。由此可推知，Wilson一家的例子告诉我们互相理解有助于解决问题。故选B。 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．Ways to finish housework B．Advantages of the Notes app C．A family to－do list goes digital D．Working parents face difficulties 答案：C　标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述家庭分工走向数字化，职场父母使用一些应用程序来分配和追踪家庭待办事项。C项(家庭分工走向数字化)最适合作文章标题。故选C。 W重点单词 1．handle v. 处理 2.portion n. 部分 3．switch v. 改变，转换 P重点短语 set aside 省出，抽出 Ⅲ　语法填空 With the Year of the Ox on the horizon, you will find __1__ common to see various ox figures made of gold, wood, plastic, and stone on sale in stores. The ox is not merely an __2__ (influence) representative of the farming, but a symbol of diligence and responsibility in China. The ox has also long played __3__ significant role in Chinese literature. Ancient Chinese poets and writers __4__ (constant) described the ox. In the Classic of Poetry, which is the oldest existing collection of Chinese poetry and reflects the __5__ (wise) of ancient Chinese people, the ox appeared in nine out of the 305 pieces. A couplet from a poem __6__ (write) by Lu Xun: “Fierce－browed, I coolly defy a thousand pointing fingers; Head bowed, like a willing ox I serve the children”， fully expresses the poet's __7__ (devote) to the people. To this day, when someone achieves a great accomplishment through hard work, people often use “niu”， __8__ (mean) “awesome”， to describe him or her. So naturally, those born in the Year of the Ox __9__ (expect) to be hardworking, reliable and loyal. “__10__ is special about oxen is that they never seek to be the focus and do not look for praise.” the website China Highlights noted. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了牛在中国传统文化以及中国文学中的重要意义。 1．it　考查代词。find it＋adj.＋to do sth “发现做某事是……的”，为固定用法；it作形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。故填it。 2．influential　考查词性转换。设空处应用形容词修饰名词representative。故填influential。 3．a　考查冠词。play a role in “在……中扮演重要角色”为固定搭配，significant的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 4．constantly　考查词性转换。设空处应用副词修饰动词described。故填constantly。 5．wisdom　考查词性转换。设空处作reflect的宾语，表示“智慧”，应用名词wisdom，表抽象概念，不可数。故填wisdom。 6．written　考查非谓语动词。write与逻辑主语poem为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填written。 7．devotion　考查词性转换。poet's为名词所有格形式，设空处应用名词。故填devotion。 8．meaning　考查非谓语动词。mean与逻辑主语niu为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填meaning。 9．are expected　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且主语为复数those。故填are expected。 10．What　考查主语从句的连接词。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，此处指“特别之处”，应用what，设空处位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填What。 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$