Unit 2 Section Ⅴ “Extended reading”的课文习读环节 课时检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第三册配套练习word（译林版）

Section Ⅴ　“Extended reading”的课文习读环节 [课时检测] (标语篇配有教师讲评课件) Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It was October 2005, and the catastrophic earthquake killing some 79,000 people in Pakistan had reduced the valley to mud and ruins. Yasmeen Lari, a 65－year－old architect, was there to help lead the reconstruction of settlements, but she had never done disaster work before.Lari was known for designing smooth towers of glass and concrete.But here, she'd be drawing plans for earthquake－resistant homes using stone and timber debris (木材碎片)．With each passing day, she felt deeply right to do disaster－relief work.So she made it her new mission, spending the next four months working with volunteer architects and engineers from Pakistan and abroad. Inspired by local buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamboo and mud, Lari's shelters can better withstand disasters.Lari says this local, cost－effective and zero－carbon approach is creating an ecosystem.Anyone can learn by watching DIY videos on Lari's Zero Carbon Channel on the Internet. The design won a UN World Habitat Prize in 2018.“We need to believe in people's capacity to bring about change.I treat displaced people as partners, not victims.They know what to do，” says Lari. Over the decades, Yasmeen Lari has won many awards as architect and environmentalist.While it may seem like an unlikely path for a girl who was born into a well－to－do family in 1941, she had an unconventional upbringing.At home, her father would talk about the desperate need for housing.Listening to her father talk about the housing crisis and need for architects made an impression on Lari.On a family visit to London when she was 15, she applied to architecture school at Oxford Brookes University.She laughs as she recalls her bravery. At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full of ideas about zero－carbon designs, skills building and self－sustaining villages.“Architects can no longer work for just the one percent，” she says.“That doesn't allow them to serve humanity as much as they could.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了巴基斯坦建筑师Yasmeen Lari努力改进村庄的房屋设计，以更好地抵御自然灾害。 1．What can we learn about Lari from the first two paragraphs? A．She felt considerably proud to do disaster－relief work. B．She started a brand－new volunteer working experience. C．She was good at designing earthquake－resistant houses. D．She reconstructed the settlements with glass and concrete. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据前两段内容可知，在巴基斯坦发生了灾难性的地震之后，Lari开始把设计抗震房屋作为自己的新任务，并在接下来的四个月里，与来自巴基斯坦和国外的志愿者建筑师和工程师一起工作。由此可知，Lari开始了一段全新的志愿者工作经历。 2．How did Lari make her design practical and environmental? A．By creating an ecosystem. B．By strengthening local buildings. C．By using local sustainable materials. D．By watching DIY videos on the Internet. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inspired by local buildings made with sustainable materials such as timber debris, bamboo and mud, Lari's shelters can better withstand disasters.”可知，Lari设计的房屋就地取材，低成本、零碳、环保，即这些材料是可持续的材料。 3．Why did Lari decide to apply to architecture school? A．Her interest in architecture drove her. B．Her father encouraged her to path unusual. C．Her father talked about the demand for architects. D．Her rich family allowed her to pursue the most of dream. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Listening to her father talk about the housing crisis and need for architects made an impression on Lari.”可知，Lari申请建筑学院是因为听父亲谈论住房危机和对建筑师的需求给其留下了深刻的印象。 4．Which of the following best describes Yasmeen Lari? A．Sensitive and brave. B．Determined and cooperative. C．Honest and generous. D．Sympathetic and eco－responsible. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“At age 83, Yasmeen Lari is still full of ideas about zero－carbon designs, skills building and self－sustaining villages.”以及“That doesn't allow them to serve humanity as much as they could.”可知，Yasmeen Lari富有同情心和环保意识。 B Standing on the ruins after the fire where his house had been, Peter Ruprecht admitted that he was not sure how or when to rebuild.He was still shocked by what Australia's increasingly changeable climate had already delivered: first a drought, then a destructive bush fire, then a foot of rain from a storm. “It's unstoppable，” said Mr Ruprecht, a former dairy farmer.“We speak about the warmth of Mother Nature, but nature can also be vicious and wild and unforgiving.” Australia's hellish (地狱的) fire season has eased (缓和), but its people are facing more than a single disaster.With floods destroying homes not far from where fires recently spread, they are facing a cycle of what scientists call “compound extremes”： one climate disaster strengthening the next. Warmer temperatures do more than just dry out the land.They also heat up the atmosphere, which means clouds hold more moisture (水汽) for longer periods of time.So droughts get worse, giving way to fires, then to heavy rains that the land is too dry to absorb. Many Australians in disaster zones complain that their government, after ignoring climate change for years, has not yet to draw up recovery plans that are clear and that take future threats into account. At the same time, the economic costs of a changing climate are rising quickly.Philip Lowe, the governor of the Reserve Bank of Australia, warned recently that Australia was already paying a price, and that it would only go up. 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚一系列极端气候灾难，包括它们的成因、危害及造成的经济损失等。 5．Why Peter Ruprecht is mentioned in the beginning? A．To arouse readers' pity. B．To introduce the topic. C．To stress the problem. D．To call on readers to help. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，提及Peter Ruprecht是为了引出话题：澳大利亚的气候灾难。 6．Which word can replace the underlined word “vicious” in paragraph 2? A．Grateful.　　　　　 B．Advanced. C．Responsible. D．Forcible. 解析：选D　词义猜测题。画线词所在句表示“我们谈论的是大自然的温暖，但大自然也可能是vicious、野蛮和无情的”。由句中的“warmth”及转折连词“but”、并列连词“and”及“wild”可知，画线词vicious意为“残酷的，野蛮的”，故D项与画线词意思相近。 7．What is the main cause of “compound extremes” in Australia? A．No recovery plans. B．Warmer temperatures. C．The lack of money. D．Government inaction. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，是温度升高导致了复合极端情况。 8．Where is the text probably from? A．A guidebook. B．A travel journal. C．A news report. D．A book review. 解析：选C　文章出处题。全文描述了澳大利亚的极端气候灾难，包括它们的成因、危害以及造成的经济损失等，属于实时报道。因此，该文章应出自一篇新闻报道。 C Hurricanes could be lasting longer after they make landfall，and spreading their damage farther inland, a new study suggests, which is a previously undescribed effect of climate change. The study, published in the journal Nature, analyzed hurricanes that have struck North America from 1967 to 2018.It found that hurricanes making landfall in the 1960s lost 75 percent of their power in the first day after coming ashore, while today a hurricane that strikes land typically decays by about 50 percent in the first day. The study's authors claimed rising ocean temperature is the driving force behind the formation of longer－lived hurricanes.They ran four models that simulate (模拟) a hurricane moving over land.In each, they adjusted the temperature of the ocean water underneath the storm.The higher the sea surface temperature was, the researchers found, the more moisture a storm carried over land and the longer it lasted.They said if a hurricane is like an engine, the warm ocean water beneath it is like fuel.When ocean water is particularly warm, as it is in the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, it can increase pressure on hurricanes.If human－caused climate warming continues, they added, the destructive power of hurricanes — some with 100－plus－mile－per－hour winds and heavy rainfall — could extend farther inland and especially affect ill－equipped communities. James Kossin, a climate scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), said, “They make a convincing case that the long－lasting hurricane is related to higher ocean temperature, and this can in turn be linked to climate change.” “I would probably support the opinion that this phenomenon is possibly happening，” said Dan Chavas, an atmospheric scientist at Purdue University and one of the study's reviewers.“I think the effect is very real, but the question is how strong the effect is.We still have a long way to go.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究者通过分析数据和做实验来进行研究，进而向人们介绍了一项关于飓风的新研究。 9．What does the underlined word “decays” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Spreads. B．Hits. C．Rises. D．Weakens. 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子中的连词“while”及上文“lost 75 percent of their power in the first day”和“decays by about 50 percent in the first day”可知，句中将飓风过去和现在登陆后强度的衰减进行了对比，由此推知画线词decays与上文lost同义，表示“失去，衰落，减弱”。 10．How did the researchers mainly conduct the study? A．By analyzing data and doing experiments. B．By observing hurricanes and making records. C．By simulating hurricanes and having discussions. D．By giving explanations and making comparisons. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段内容以及第三段的“They ran four models that simulate a hurricane moving over land.”可知，研究者主要是通过分析数据和做实验来进行研究的。 11．What do Dan Chavas's words indicate? A．Measures should be taken to predict hurricanes. B．Climate change leads to higher ocean temperature. C．More research is needed to study this phenomenon. D．The effect of hurricanes is weakened in inland areas. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“I think the effect is very real，but the question is how strong the effect is.We still have a long way to go.”可知，他的话表明了还需要做更多的研究工作来研究这一现象。 12．What's the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To inform readers of a new study. B．To prepare people for powerful hurricanes. C．To call for global action on climate change. D．To warn readers of the danger of global warming. 解析：选A　写作意图题。根据第一段的“Hurricanes could be lasting longer after they make landfall, and spreading their damage farther inland, a new study suggests”以及第二段的“The study, published in the journal Nature, analyzed hurricanes that have struck North America from 1967 to 2018.”可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五() Would you know what to do if a fire started in your home? Take the time now to review the following safety tips, and your family will be prepared in time of a fire in your home. __13__ An escape plan can help every member of a family get out of a burning house.The idea is to get outside quickly and safely.__14__ So it is important to learn and remember the different ways out of your home. Stay low. If you can see smoke in the house, stay low to the ground as you make your way to the exit.__15__ You will breathe less smoke if you stay to the ground.Smoke naturally rises, so if there is smoke while you are using your escape route, staying low means you can crawl (爬) under most of it. What if you can't get out right away? If you can't get out fast because fire or smoke is stopping an escape route, you will want to yell for help.You can do this from an open window or call 911 if you have a phone with you.__16__ Or, firefighters will have a hard time finding you.The sooner they find you, the sooner you both can get out. If your clothes catch fire, what should you do? Your clothes could catch fire during a fire or by accident if you step too close to a candle.If this happens, don't run! Instead, stop, drop to the ground, cover your face with your hands, and roll.This will cut off the air and put out the flames (火焰)．__17__ A．Know your way out. B．Preventing fires is in the first place! C．An easy way to remember this is: Stop, Drop, and Roll! D．Smoke from a fire can make it hard to see where things are. E．Even if you are scared, never hide under the bed or in a closet. F．They will help prepare you for what you need to do in case of a fire. G．In a fire, smoke and poisonous (有毒的) air hurt more people than the actual flames do. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发生火灾时人们应该怎么应对。 13．选A　空处是段落小标题。根据下文中的“An escape plan, get out of, get outside quickly and safely”等可知，本小标题与逃跑的路线有关。故A项“知道你的逃生路径”符合语境。 14．选D　空后提到了解和记住不同的路径非常重要。故D项“火冒出来的烟会使人很难看清东西在哪里”符合语境，与之构成因果关系。 15．选G　上文提到，如果屋子里有浓烟，逃生时应俯低身子。G项“在火灾中，浓烟和有毒气体比火焰更伤人”解释了这样做的原因，指出了浓烟和有毒气体的害处。 16．选E　空后提到否则，消防员会很难找到你。故E项“即使你害怕，也不要躲在床底下或壁橱里”符合语境，与后文构成转折关系。 17．选C　根据小标题“If your clothes catch fire, what should you do？”可知，空处应该是介绍灭火的方法。故C项“记住这一点的一个简单方法是：停止、下降和滚动！”符合语境。文中的“stop, drop, roll”与C项中的“Stop, Drop, and Roll”呼应。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $