2026届江苏南京市鼓楼区部分学校联考高三四月第一次检测（二模）英语试卷

2026届高三四月第一次检测（二模） 1、 阅读（每小题2.5分，共50分） A Christmas is coming. Seasonal favorites and sure-to-sell-out gifts are going fast, but there’s still time to grab these holiday must-haves before they’re gone. Eye Stones $30.00Made from Finnish soapstone that’s more than two billion years old, these stone disks bring tired eyes relief from long hours at the computer or itchiness due to seasonal allergies. Chill them in the refrigerator and apply on or under your eyes for a rock-solid spa treatment at home. Made in Finland. Scratch the Belly Nail Files $20.00Who can resist giving a good tummy scratch to a sweet puppy or kitten? With this super-adorable addition to any animal lover’s manicure (美甲) set, you can enjoy that soul-satisfying activity anytime, while keeping your nails in perfect (dare we say paw-fect?) condition. Made in China. Foot Sole Massage (按摩) $50.00This rock-and-roll massage set will be music to your feet. A way to give yourself an effective foot massage, the smooth soapstone balls can be used heated for just a quick few minutes at home to provide relaxation and relief to tired feet.Place one ball at a time in the cork base and, while sitting,massage the most tender points of the soles of your feet.Made in Finland. Kazoo That Christmas Tune $25.00Add some friendly competition to the holiday season with this multiplayer musical challenge. Using the included kazoos, you’ll sing through 100 classic and modern festive songs to get your teammates to identify the melody and earn points. Best of all, you don’t need any musical talent, singing skills, or memorization of the lyrics. Made in China. Shipping & Returns Usually ships within 24 hours. Shipping outside of the U.S.? You will be quoted a specific delivery timeframe at checkout, based on your destination country and the available shipping methods. See International FAQ for more information. Need to return? Free returns are accepted forever — no time limits. Within 30 days of delivery, refunds (退) to the original payment method will be available. After 30days, refunds will be processed to a digital gift card. All items are refundable unless damaged or faulty. See our return policy for more details. 1．What do Eye Stones and Scratch the Belly Nail Files have in common? A．They are intended for personal body care. B．They are made from natural materials in Finland. C．They combine practical use with a high-tech design. D．They are targeted at people in need of medical treatment. 2．Which of the following can be the most suitable gift for family entertainment? A．Eye Stones. B．Scratch the Belly Nail Files. C．Foot Sole Massage. D．Kazoo That Christmas Tune. 3．What can we learn about the return policy? A．Return policy does not cover international orders. B．The company offers unconditional refund on products. C．A digital gift card will be given as a refund after 30 days. D．All returns will be refunded to the original payment method. B Style and comfort have always been of equal priority for me. I got my first pair of Converse All Stars in the 1980s. For years, I walked across cities from Chicago to Oslo-all while wearing Converse, or Fly London boots-building a wardrobe of lasting pieces. At 41, my life changed with a Parkinson’s diagnosis. This disease brought involuntary, painful twisting in my feet and ankles. When medications failed, my toes would grip the ground and my ankles would roll painfully, causing me to stumble or fall, which was mentally and physically exhausting. With my body turning against me, I was forced to re-evaluate even my most basic choices, starting with my shoes. My beloved Converse triggered toe twisting, while my Fly boots caused my ankles to give way. A turning point came when someone recommended Nike tactical boots with stiff soles and ankle support to me. Following this advice, I switched to Nikes and soon wore nothing else. The Flys and All Stars languished in my closet; but letting go felt impossible for so long, they had felt like “me”. A friend suggested selling my unwearable items on Vinted. I listed everything that hindered (妨碍) my movement and received warm, grateful reviews from buyers. This encouragement led me to also become a buyer, discovering stylish shirts for layering to manage my condition’s temperature fluctuations (波动). I didn’t touch my old shoes for almost a year not until the time came to invest in a new pair of Nikes. The Flys sold in a day, but the Converse took longer. I had priced them high, very high. I watched them sit motionless in my real and virtual wardrobes until I received an offer. I accepted and wrote the buyer a note, explaining why I was sad to give them up. Her kind reply, with sweet emojis, touched me deeply. She, too, was a Converse wearer who understood my attachment, Through such transactions, I connected with others sharing stories of illness and changing styles. Now, I wear whichever shoes give me comfort, aware that this may evolve too. While I walk less, I still seek out clothes and shoes that will go the distance. This journey has taught me what to release, and how powerful kindness can be in helping us move forward. 4．Why did the author stop wearing her beloved Converse? A．She was getting old. B．She had Parkinson’s disease. C．Converse was out of fashion. D．Fly boots were more comfortable. 5．What does the underlined word “languished” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Disappeared. B．Emerged. C．Stayed. D．Shrank. 6．How did the author feel when she decided to sell Converse? A．Attached. B．Relieved. C．Grateful. D．Thrilled. 7．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A Shoe Collection: From Converse to Nike B．Adapting My Walk: Living with Parkinson’s C．Beyond the Sale: Functional Clothing for Everyone D．From Style to Comfort: Letting Go and Moving Forward C When a person is trapped in an avalanche (雪崩), there is very little time before their oxygen supply runs out. A new safety device that channels air to the buried person’s face may extend survival and increase the chance of a successful rescue, a clinical trial suggests. Participants were buried face-down under at least 50 centimeters — about a foot and a half — of snow at a field site in northern Italy. The goal was to remain there safely for 35 minutes. No one in the group wearing a functioning safety device needed to be removed early due to low blood oxygen levels, researchers report October 8 in The Journal of the American Medical Association. Minutes after an avalanche burial, blood levels of oxygen begin to drop and those of carbon dioxide climb. The chance of survival decreases starting at 10 minutes. Around two-thirds of people whose head and chest are trapped under snow will die of insufficient oxygen within 35 minutes. The safety device, integrated into a backpack, has a fan that draws air from the surrounding snow and directs it to the face from outlets in the shoulder straps (肩带). Called Safeback SBX, the battery-operated device weighs a little over 500 grams, or about a pound. In the trial, researchers monitored participants’ oxygen levels, heart and respiratory (呼吸的) rates and other health measures during burial, which ended if anyone’s blood oxygen level became dangerously low,below 80 percent. This did not happen for the 12 people in the safety device group. Eleven remained buried for the full 35 minutes, while one asked to be removed early due to unexpected skin irritation (瘙痒). In contrast, seven of the 12 using a sham device (假装置) had to stop prematurely because they fell below the blood oxygen cutoff. Another four requested an early end：Three felt short of breath and one had a panic attack. The length of time the sham device group remained buried largely ranged from 5 to 13 minutes. Only one person in that group stayed under the snow for the full 35 minutes. Avalanches kill an average of 100 people in Europe each year, including skiers and mountain climbers. Avalanche deaths in the last several years in the United States have ranged from roughly one dozen to several dozen. 8．What is the primary function of the new safety device? A．To keep the buried person warm under the snow. B．To locate the position of the buried person accurately. C．To send emergency signals to rescue the buried person. D．To provide a continuous air supply to the buried person. 9．Which of the following can be Safeback SBX? A． B． C． D． 10．Compared to the sham device group, how did the group with the functioning device perform? A．They showed significantly lower heart rates. B．They maintained higher blood oxygen levels. C．They reported fewer instances of skin irritation. D．They were more likely to have trouble breathing. 11．The author mentions avalanche deaths in the last paragraph to . A．emphasize the importance of timely rescue B．justify the needs to use the new safety device C．warn mountain climbers of the danger of avalanches D．indicate the rising number of deaths caused by avalanches D Obesity has historically been regarded as a moral failing, and people with obesity describe being seen as deficient, lazy, undeserving of respect, lacking willpower and self-discipline. These views contribute to weight bias, which can lead to weight stigma (污名). “Weight stigma is a major concern that needs to be addressed in clinical practice and medical education,” Kathleen Robinson, assistant professor of Carver College of Medicine, told Medscape Medical News. Robinson and colleagues surveyed 395 individuals who were asked about their experiences related to weight stigma and healthcare. Of these, 73 provided narrative responses, some of which included experiences of being shamed. “We found ongoing tension between seeing weight as solely a result of personal responsibility and as a multifactorial condition with various uncontrollable aspects,” Robinson reported. “And we found healthcare providers made assumptions about patients based on body size, such as what they were eating or whether they were exercising, and didn’t necessarily ask about or acknowledge the patient’s previous experiences with losing weight or what their actual lifestyle was,” she said. Advice was often “simplistic and dismissive,” rather than addressing the patient’s specific needs and history. Weight stigma can result in physicians dismissing patients’ non-weight-related concerns, refusing care, or attributing health problems to obesity without considering other causes. “If a patient with obesity presents with knee pain, for example, it’s all too often attributed to excess weight,” Kasuen Mauldin, professor of San Jose State University, told Medscape Medical News. “But there are many causes of knee pain, of which mechanical weight-related stress is only one. So, before you attribute the knee pain to the patient’s weight, ask yourself how you would handle the same complaint in someone of lower body weight and size and if you would conduct the same workup. Addressing weight stigma in healthcare involves changing the clinical approach to patients with obesity. Physicians should focus on helping patients set and work on behavioral goals rather than on losing weight, Mauldin said. “If you go to a financial planner, you won’t be told,'Get rich.’" Instead, you’ll be given concrete, practical steps, such as diversifying investments or saving money every month. Similarly, instead of focusing on weight, it’s better to focus on actionable items, such as food substitutions, filling the plate with vegetables, or increasing movement. “Measuring and discussing a patient’s weight may not always be necessary at every appointment and may perpetuate (使持续) the weight-centricmodel especially when a person is presenting with an unrelated concern, Mauldin said. 12．According to Dr. Robinson, what was common among healthcare providers? A．Treating patients with obesity without any mercy. B．Relying on patient’s specific needs to treat obesity. C．Refusing to provide any medical care to patients with obesity. D．Guessing patients’ lifestyles without carefully asking for details. 13．What can we learn from the case of “knee pain”? A．Doctors should stick to the same medical procedures. B．Knee pain is the most common among patients with obesity. C．Mechanical weight-related stress causes pain in the patients’ knees. D．Doctors tend to overlook potential causes of illness due to weight stigma. 14．Which of the following will Kasuen Mauldin disagree with? A．Replacing snacks with organic food. B．Keeping track of changes in your weight. C．Scheduling 30 minutes of exercise every day. D．Eating more vegetables and less processed food. 15．What can we infer from the text? A．Weight stigma will be removed through the healthcare system. B．Patients need to be motivated to take responsibility for their weight. C．The healthcare system should provide medical education to patients. D．Physicians should shift from being weight-centric to patient-centered. (二)七选五 Soilless farming, as the name implies, is a type of farming where plants are cultured and grown without the use of the soil. It is also a systematic technique where plants are grown without the use of soil as a rooting environment. 16 Due to lacking originality, conventional farming has many processes and requires the manure (肥料) of chemical mixtures to make the soil rich in nutrients. 17 Nutrients are provided to the plants, majorly in liquid form, and their needs are met throughout life, from seeds to ripe fruit. In many soilless farming systems, water is recycled and reused until the plants are ready to harvest. 18 Additionally, it reduces the physical labor and energy required from workers, helping them achieve higher profits while keeping costs very low. By following standardized steps throughout the entire production process, soilless farming can supply crops to the market every day, meeting consumers’ needs. When countries that rely on food imports see how productive this farming method is, they will begin growing crops locally all year round. 19 20 The rate at which pathogens (病原体) attack the farm will be zero as a result of how the planting environment is concerned, and if the pathogen ever attacks, the infected plant will be easily separated to avoid infecting the farm as a whole. Developed countries in the world are expected to adopt this mode of farming because doing so reduces the level of food importation and increases the availability of food in the country. A．However, soil farming requires more workload. B．The quality of the harvested food may be controlled. C．After all, food imports might pollute the environment. D．Hence, soilless farming is an alternative to dry regions. E．With this method, crops can be planted almost everywhere. F．Soilless farming has less workload and can enhance growth. G．In this way, even seasonal produce can be harvested anytime. 二、语法填空（15分） Each month, Melanie Goldbergo volunteers at the local food bank. This past December, she had the 21 of visiting the Food Bank of the Rio Grande Valley in McAllen, where she’s learned that poverty has a very different 22 in the media compared to real life. Hunger is not just a distant issue; it also 23 in the U.S.,where over 47 million people face food 24 . During her visit, Melanie helped deliver meals to families who were often 25 to accept help out of concerns for their privacy. Unlike her experiences at home, where food distribution was 26 , the atmosphere in McAllen was messy and more personal.But this allowed her to feel 27 to the community. Below, Melanie shares her 28 on the experience. Meeting families who were living in small, 29 homes, often with many children, revealed to me a level of perseverance that I had never 30 in America before. Still,the children remained joyful, and the parents were grateful for the help they received 31 the challenging circumstances. This unforgettable experience inspired me. There are people who have 32 themselves to helping others in this way. 33 , there is still so much to be done to end hunger in this country. This trip 34 my commitment to being part of the solution for a hunger-free America and encouraged me to 35 for those in need. 21．A．option B．privilege C．freedom D．intention 22．A．expression B．definition C．image D．discovery 23．A．works B．survives C．progresses D．exists 24．A．insecurity B．quality C．addiction D．industry 25．A．cheerful B．ready C．hesitant D．patient 26．A．promised B．valued C．encouraged D．organized 27．A．exposed B．connected C．opposed D．related 28．A．recommendations B．influences C．reflections D．decisions 29．A．self-made B．newly-built C．well-equipped D．eco-friendly 30．A．remembered B．indicated C．predicted D．witnessed 31．A．in spite of B．due to C．in case of D．apart from 32．A．limited B．accustomed C．submitted D．dedicated 33．A．Unavoidably B．Hopefully C．Unfortunately D．Seriously 34．A．challenged B．renewed C．dismissed D．evaluated 35．A．prepare B．apologize C．vote D．advocate 三、语法填空（15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever taken off a sweater and — felt a surprising shock? That’s static electricity, the buildup of an electric charge. It occurs when two items rub against each other, and electrons are transferred 36 one thing or person to another. If an object has an excess of electrons, it becomes negatively charged. On the other hand, when something has 37 lack of electrons, it naturally becomes positively charged. Opposite charges attract, so when a negatively charged object comes into contact with a positively charged one, the electrons will flow from the negative object to the positive one until the charges 38 (balance). When the human body carries an excessive positive charge, it is more likely 39 (generate) static electricity. This flow of electrons causes the spark or shock that you feel when you touch a metal object after walking across a 40 (carpet) floor with socks on, for example. What’s more, static electricity is more common in the winter than in the summer. This is 41 the air is typically drier in the winter, and dry air doesn’t conduct electricity as well as moist air. Hence, it’s 42 (easy) for static charges to accumulate on objects. Although static electricity is usually 43 (harm), it can be annoying and sometimes even painful. There are a few things you can do to minimize static electricity. One effective way involves 44 (use) a humidifier (加湿器) to add moisture to the air, 45 increases the humidity in your home and helps prevent static electricity from building up. In addition, since dry skin can also contribute to static electricity, keeping your skin moisturized can also make the buildup of static charges less likely. 四、写作（15分+25分） 46．学校英语俱乐部计划在“世界读书日”举行英文演讲比赛，主题是“实体书店是否会消失？”请你写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 你的看法；2.你的理由3.词数应为80个左右 Will Physical Bookstore Disappear? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn’t counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room. Unexpectedly, after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors. It was an awkward moment. I didn’t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn’t happy with driving home with a wet dog. Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. A few days passed, and I hadn’t heard anything from my brother. I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again. His reply came as a surprise — a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call first. However, my conscience (良心) kept bothering me. I tried to put myself in my brother’s shoes. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going. 注意: (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I realized it was me who was at fault. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother’s door. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2026届高三四月第一次检测（二模） 参考答案 1．A 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款适合圣诞节的热门礼物，包括其功能、价格、产地等信息，并说明了产品的配送和退换货政策。 1．细节理解题。根据Eye Stones部分中“these stone disks bring tired eyes relief from long hours at the computer or itchiness due to seasonal allergies. Chill them in the refrigerator and apply on or under your eyes for a rock-solid spa treatment at home. (这些石盘能缓解因长时间使用电脑而疲惫的双眼，也能减轻因季节性过敏引起的眼部瘙痒。将它们放在冰箱里冷藏后，敷在眼上或眼下，在家就能享受一次实实在在的水疗护理)”和Scratch the Belly Nail Files部分中“With this super-adorable addition to any animal lover’s manicure (美甲) set, you can enjoy that soul-satisfying activity anytime, while keeping your nails in perfect (dare we say paw-fect?) condition. (有了这个超级可爱的动物爱好者美甲套装，你随时都能享受这项令人心旷神怡的活动，同时还能让你的指甲保持完美状态（我们斗胆说一句，是“爪”完美吧？）。)”可知，Eye Stones可以缓解眼睛疲劳，Scratch the Belly Nail Files可以护理指甲，它们的共同点是都用于个人身体护理。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据Kazoo That Christmas Tune部分中“Add some friendly competition to the holiday season with this multiplayer musical challenge. Using the included kazoos, you’ll sing through 100 classic and modern festive songs to get your teammates to identify the melody and earn points. (这个多人音乐挑战为假日季增添了一些友好的竞争氛围。借助随附的卡祖笛，你将哼唱100首经典和现代的节日歌曲，让队友们识别旋律并得分)”可知，Kazoo That Christmas Tune是一款多人参与的音乐猜歌游戏，是最适合家庭娱乐的礼物。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“After 30 days, refunds will be processed to a digital gift card. (30天后，退款将处理为数字礼品卡)”可知，30天后退款将以数字礼品卡的形式处理。故选C项。 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在被诊断出帕金森病后，从坚持时尚到不得不重新选择舒适鞋子，最终学会放下旧物、拥抱更适合自己的生活方式的过程。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段中“At 41, my life changed with a Parkinson’s diagnosis. This disease brought involuntary, painful twisting in my feet and ankles. (41岁时，我的生活因被诊断出患有帕金森病而发生了改变。这种疾病导致我的脚和脚踝出现不自主的、痛苦的扭曲。)”以及第三段“With my body turning against me, I was forced to re-evaluate even my most basic choices, starting with my shoes. My beloved Converse triggered toe twisting, while my Fly boots caused my ankles to give way. (当我的身体开始与我作对时，我被迫重新审视哪怕是最基本的选择，从鞋子开始。我心爱的匡威鞋会导致脚趾扭曲，而我的Fly靴子则会让我的脚踝无力支撑。)”可知，作者停止穿匡威是因为帕金森病导致脚部不受控制，匡威会加重脚趾扭曲。故选B项。 5．词句猜测题。根据第四段画线词前面的“A turning point came when someone recommended Nike tactical boots with stiff soles and ankle support to me. Following this advice, I switched to Nikes and soon wore nothing else. (一个转折点出现了，有人向我推荐了耐克的战术靴，这种靴子鞋底坚硬，还能支撑脚踝。听从了这个建议后，我换穿了耐克的靴子，而且很快就只穿这个牌子的了。)”以及画线词后的“but letting go felt impossible for so long, they had felt like “me”. (但这么长时间以来，放手似乎是不可能的，它们让我感觉像“我自己”。)”可知，作者听从建议改穿耐克鞋，很快就只穿耐克鞋了，但是这么长时间以来，匡威鞋和Fly靴子让她感觉像“自己”，作者虽不再穿这些鞋子，但又舍不得扔掉，所以它们一直闲置在衣柜里。因此，画线词“languished”在此处应意为“被搁置、被冷落”，与“Stayed (搁置、保留)”意思相近。故选C项。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I had priced them high, very high. I watched them sit motionless in my real and virtual wardrobes until I received an offer. I accepted and wrote the buyer a note, explaining why I was sad to give them up. (我把它们的价格定得很高，非常高。我看着它们静静地放在我的实体衣柜和虚拟衣柜里，直到收到了一个报价。我接受了报价，并给买家写了一张便条，解释了我舍不得把它们卖掉的原因。)”可知，作者给匡威定了很高的价格，卖掉时还写了纸条表达不舍，这说明她对这双鞋非常有感情。故选A项。 7．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“This journey has taught me what to release, and how powerful kindness can be in helping us move forward. (这段历程让我明白了该放下什么，也让我懂得了善意在帮助我们前行时能有多么强大。)可知，本文主要讲述了作者因疾病从追求时尚转向追求舒适，学会放下曾经象征“自我”的旧鞋，并在这个过程中获得成长与力量。D选项“From Style to Comfort: Letting Go and Moving Forward (从时尚到舒适：放下并继续前行)”准确概括了文章主旨，适宜作为标题使用。故选D项。 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一款名为Safeback SBX的雪崩安全装置。该装置通过向被埋者面部输送空气，延长其在雪中的存活时间，提高救援成功率。文章通过临床试验数据对比了使用装置与不使用装置的差异，并强调了雪崩致死的严重性。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new safety device that channels air to the buried person’s face may extend survival and increase the chance of a successful rescue, a clinical trial suggests. (一项临床试验表明，一种能将空气输送到被掩埋者面部的新型安全装置可能会延长生存时间，并提高成功救援的几率)”可知，这款新装置的主要功能是为被埋者提供持续的空气供应。故选D项。 9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“The safety device, integrated into a backpack, has a fan that draws air from the surrounding snow and directs it to the face from outlets in the shoulder straps (肩带). Called Safeback SBX, the battery-operated device weighs a little over 500 grams, or about a pound. (这款安全装置集成在背包中，它带有一个风扇，可从周围的雪中吸入空气，并通过肩带上的出风口将空气输送到面部。这款名为Safeback SBX的装置由电池供电，重量略超过500克，约合一磅)”可知，Safeback SBX是一种集成在背包中的装置，有一个风扇，可以从周围的雪中吸入空气，并通过肩带上的出口将空气导向面部，且是电池驱动的。因此，C项符合Safeback SBX的特征。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the trial, researchers monitored participants’ oxygen levels, heart and respiratory (呼吸的) rates and other health measures during burial, which ended if anyone’s blood oxygen level became dangerously low, below 80 percent. This did not happen for the 12 people in the safety device group. (在试验中，研究人员监测了参与者在掩埋期间的血氧水平、心率和呼吸频率以及其他健康指标，如果任何人的血氧水平降至危险水平，即低于80%，则掩埋结束。在安全装置组的12人中，没有发生这种情况)”以及第五段中“In contrast, seven of the 12 using a sham device (假装置) had to stop prematurely because they fell below the blood oxygen cutoff. (相比之下，使用假装置的12人中有7人不得不提前停止，因为他们的血氧水平低于临界值)”可知，与使用假装置的组相比，使用有效装置的组保持了更高的血氧水平。故选B项。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Avalanches kill an average of 100 people in Europe each year, including skiers and mountain climbers. Avalanche deaths in the last several years in the United States have ranged from roughly one dozen to several dozen. (雪崩每年在欧洲平均造成100人死亡，其中包括滑雪者和登山者。在过去几年里，美国死于雪崩的人数从大约十几人到几十人不等)”可知，作者在最后一段提到雪崩死亡人数是为了强调雪崩造成的死亡人数之多，从而说明使用新型安全装置的必要性。故选B项。 12．D 13．D 14．B 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了肥胖者在医疗中面临的体重污名问题，指出医护人员常基于体重对病人做出不恰当的假设，忽视病人实际需求，并建议医护人员应转变以体重为中心的做法，转而关注病人个体需求。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段中Robinson所说的“And we found healthcare providers made assumptions about patients based on body size, such as what they were eating or whether they were exercising, and didn’t necessarily ask about or acknowledge the patient’s previous experiences with losing weight or what their actual lifestyle was (我们发现，医疗服务提供者会根据患者的体型对他们做出各种假设，比如他们在吃什么、是否在锻炼等，而且他们不一定会询问或认可患者以往的减肥经历，也不会了解患者实际的生活方式)”可知，Robinson博士认为，医疗服务提供者会不仔细询问细节就猜测病人的生活方式。故选D项。 13．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weight stigma can result in physicians dismissing patients’ non-weight-related concerns, refusing care, or attributing health problems to obesity without considering other causes. (体重污名化可能导致医生忽视患者与体重无关的担忧、拒绝提供治疗，或者在不考虑其他原因的情况下，将健康问题归咎于肥胖)”以及Kasuen Mauldin所说的“If a patient with obesity presents with knee pain, for example, it’s all too often attributed to excess weight (例如，如果一个肥胖患者出现膝盖疼痛，这通常被归因于体重过重)”和“But there are many causes of knee pain, of which mechanical weight-related stress is only one. (但是膝盖疼痛的原因有很多，其中机械性体重相关的压力只是其中之一)”可知，医生往往因为体重污名而忽略疾病的潜在成因。故选D项。 14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Similarly, instead of focusing on weight, it’s better to focus on actionable items, such as food substitutions, filling the plate with vegetables, or increasing movement. “Measuring and discussing a patient’s weight may not always be necessary at every appointment and may perpetuate the weight-centric model especially when a person is presenting with an unrelated concern, Mauldin said. (同样地，与其关注体重，不如关注那些可行的事项，比如食物替换、让盘子里多些蔬菜，或者增加运动量。Mauldin说：“在每次就诊时，测量和讨论患者的体重并非总是必要的，尤其是当患者提出的问题与体重无关时，这样做可能会延续这种以体重为中心的模式。”)”可知，Mauldin认为测量和讨论病人的体重并不总是必要的，即她会反对频繁记录体重变化。故选B项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Mauldin所说的“Addressing weight stigma in healthcare involves changing the clinical approach to patients with obesity. Physicians should focus on helping patients set and work on behavioral goals rather than on losing weight (解决医疗保健中的体重污名问题需要改变对肥胖患者的临床治疗方法。医生应该专注于帮助患者设定并实现行为目标，而不是专注于减肥)”以及“Measuring and discussing a patient’s weight may not always be necessary at every appointment and may perpetuate the weight-centric model especially when a person is presenting with an unrelated concern (在每次就诊时，测量和讨论患者的体重并非总是必要的，尤其是当患者提出的问题与体重无关时，这样做可能会延续这种以体重为中心的模式)”可知，医生应该从以体重为中心转变为以病人为中心。故选D项。 16．E 17．F 18．D 19．G 20．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无土栽培的定义、相较于传统土壤种植的优势，以及其应用前景。 16．上文“Soilless farming, as the name implies, is a type of farming where plants are cultured and grown without the use of the soil. It is also a systematic technique where plants are grown without the use of soil as a rooting environment.(无土栽培，顾名思义，是一种不使用土壤来培育和种植植物的农业方式。它也是一种系统性技术，植物生长不需要土壤作为生根环境)”对无土栽培进行了定义；空处需承接上文，进一步说明无土栽培的特点。选项E“通过这种方法，几乎可以在任何地方种植作物”符合语境，体现了无土栽培无需土壤的优势。故选E。 17．上文“Due to lacking originality, conventional farming has many processes and requires the manure (肥料) of chemical mixtures to make the soil rich in nutrients.(由于缺乏创新性，传统农业有许多流程，且需要化学混合肥料来使土壤富含养分)”指出了传统农业的弊端；下文“Nutrients are provided to the plants, majorly in liquid form, and their needs are met throughout life, from seeds to ripe fruit.(养分主要以液体形式提供给植物，满足它们从种子到成熟果实整个生命周期的需求)”介绍了无土栽培的养分供给方式。空处需对比传统农业与无土栽培，突出无土栽培的优势。选项 F“无土栽培工作量更小，且能促进植物生长”符合语境，衔接上下文逻辑。故选F。 18．上文“In many soilless farming systems, water is recycled and reused until the plants are ready to harvest.(在许多无土栽培系统中，水会被循环再利用，直到植物可以收获)”说明了无土栽培节水的特点；下文“Additionally, it reduces the physical labor and energy required from workers, helping them achieve higher profits while keeping costs very low.(此外，它减少了工人所需的体力劳动和能源消耗，帮助他们在保持低成本的同时获得更高的利润)”进一步补充了无土栽培的其他优势。空处需承接上文节水的特点，说明其带来的影响。选项D“因此，无土栽培是干旱地区的一种替代种植方式”符合语境，体现了节水特性对干旱地区的意义。故选D。 19．上文“By following standardized steps throughout the entire production process, soilless farming can supply crops to the market every day, meeting consumers’ needs. When countries that rely on food imports see how productive this farming method is, they will begin growing crops locally all year round.(通过在整个生产过程中遵循标准化步骤，无土栽培可以每天向市场供应作物，满足消费者的需求。当依赖粮食进口的国家看到这种种植方式的高产时，它们将开始全年在本地种植作物)”说明了无土栽培可全年生产的优势；空处需进一步解释全年种植的意义。选项G“这样一来，即使是季节性农产品也可以随时收获”符合语境，衔接上文“全年种植”的内容。故选G。 20．下文“The rate at which pathogens (病原体) attack the farm will be zero as a result of how the planting environment is concerned, and if the pathogen ever attacks, the infected plant will be easily separated to avoid infecting the farm as a whole.(考虑到种植环境，病原体入侵农场的几率将为零，而且一旦病原体入侵，被感染的植物将很容易被分离，从而避免整个农场受到感染)”介绍了无土栽培在病虫害防控方面的优势，可间接保障作物质量。空处作为段落主旨句，应概括这一核心内容。选项B“收获的食品质量可以得到控制”符合语境，总领该段内容。故选B。 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．A 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了梅兰妮・戈德伯格在当地食品银行做志愿者的经历，通过走访格兰德河谷食品银行，她对贫困与饥饿有了更真实的认知，坚定了为消除饥饿贡献力量的决心。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年12月，她有幸参观了麦卡伦市的格兰德河谷食品银行，在那里她了解到，贫困在媒体上的形象与现实生活大相径庭。A. option选择；B. privilege特权、荣幸；C. freedom自由；D. intention意图。根据后文“of visiting the Food Bank of the Rio Grande Valley in McAllen”可知，她有幸参观了麦卡伦市的格兰德河谷食品银行，“privilege”体现“有幸参与”的珍视感，符合语境。故选B项。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年12月，她有幸参观了麦卡伦市的格兰德河谷食品银行，在那里她了解到，贫困在媒体上的形象与现实生活大相径庭。A. expression表达；B. definition定义；C. image形象；D. discovery发现。根据常识可知，媒体呈现的内容往往是经过加工的“形象”，与真实的贫困状况存在差异，“image”符合“媒体呈现与现实对比”的语境。故选C项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：饥饿不仅仅是一个遥远的问题；它在美国也存在，超过4700万人面临粮食不安全问题。A. works工作；B. survives幸存；C. progresses进步；D. exists存在。根据前文“Hunger is not just a distant issue”可知，前文否定饥饿是“遥远问题”，强调其在美“存在”的客观性，“exists”直接呼应“not just a distant issue”。故选D项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：饥饿不仅仅是一个遥远的问题；它在美国也存在，超过4700万人面临粮食不安全问题。A. insecurity不安全；B. quality质量；C. addiction上瘾；D. industry产业。根据前文“Hunger is not just a distant issue”可知，超过4700万人面临粮食不安全问题。“food insecurity”为固定表达，指“粮食不安全”，即无法稳定获得足够食物的状态，符合贫困与饥饿的语境。故选A项。 25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：访问期间，梅兰妮帮助向那些因担心隐私而往往犹豫受帮助的家庭运送食物。A. cheerful愉快的；B. ready准备好的；C. hesitant犹豫的；D. patient耐心的。根据前文“concerns for their privacy”可知，家庭因隐私顾虑会“犹豫”接受帮助，“hesitant”体现其矛盾心态。故选C项。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与她在家乡的经历不同，那里的食品分发很有条理，而麦卡伦的氛围则比较混乱，也更具人情味。A. promised承诺的；B. valued宝贵的；C. encouraged受鼓励的；D. organized有条理的。根据后文“messy”（混乱的）形成对比，家乡的食品分发应是“有条理的”，“organized”符合对比逻辑。故选D项。 27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这让她感觉与社区紧密相连。A. exposed暴露的；B. connected相连的；C. opposed反对的；D. related相关的。根据前文“the atmosphere in McAllen was messy and more personal”可知，混乱却有人情味的氛围让她更贴近社区居民，“feel connected to”为固定搭配，表“感觉与……相连”，体现情感联结。故选B项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：下面，梅兰妮分享她对这次经历的感悟。A. recommendations建议；B. influences影响；C. reflections感悟、反思；D. decisions决定。结合后文她对经历的思考与收获，此处指分享“感悟”，“reflections”符合“事后思考总结”的语境。故选C项。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见到那些住在狭小、自建房屋里的家庭，往往有很多孩子，这让我看到了在美国从未见过的坚韧。A. self-made自建的；B. newly-built新建的；C. well-equipped设备齐全的；D. eco-friendly环保的。根据前文“poverty”可知，房屋更可能是“自建的”。故选A项。 30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：见到那些住在狭小、自建房屋里的家庭，往往有很多孩子，这让我看到了在美国从未见过的坚韧。A. remembered记得；B. indicated表明；C. predicted预测；D. witnessed目睹。根据前文“revealed to me a level of perseverance ”可知，通过实地走访，她“亲眼目睹”了家庭的坚韧，“witnessed”体现“亲身经历”的真实性。故选D项。 31．考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管环境艰难，孩子们依然快乐，父母们也对收到的帮助心怀感激。A. in spite of尽管；B. due to由于；C. in case of万一；D. apart from除了。“challenging circumstances”与“grateful for the help”形成转折，“in spite of”表让步，符合逻辑。故选A项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人致力于以这种方式帮助他人。A. limited限制；B. accustomed习惯；C. submitted提交；D. dedicated致力于。结合志愿者工作的性质以及后文“themselves to helping others in this way”可知，部分人“致力于”助人事业，“dedicated oneself to”为固定搭配，表“致力于……”，体现奉献精神。故选D项。 33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，要在这个国家消除饥饿，还有很多工作要做。A. Unavoidably不可避免地；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Unfortunately不幸地；D. Seriously严肃地。根据后文“there is still so much to be done to end hunger in this country.”可知，尽管有人付出努力，但消除饥饿仍任重道远，这是“不幸的”现实，“Unfortunately”体现无奈与紧迫感。故选C项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行重申了我为无饥饿美国贡献力量的承诺，并鼓励我为有需要的人发声。A. challenged挑战；B. renewed重申、更新；C. dismissed驳回；D. evaluated评估。根据后文“my commitment to being part of the solution for a hunger-free America”可知，经历让她更加坚定决心，“renewed”体现“强化、重申”承诺的动作，符合情感递进。故选B项。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行重申了我为无饥饿美国贡献力量的承诺，并鼓励我为有需要的人发声。A. prepare准备；B. apologize道歉；C. vote投票；D. advocate发声、倡导。根据后文“for those in need.”以及结合消除饥饿的目标，她需为弱势群体“发声倡导”，“advocate for”为固定搭配，表“为……发声”，符合行动逻辑。故选D项。 36．from 37．a 38．balance 39．to generate 40．carpeted 41．because 42．easier 43．harmless 44．using 45．which 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了静电的产生原理、季节分布特点，及静电通常无害但可能烦人，同时给出减少静电的实用方法。 36．考查介词。句意：当两个物体相互摩擦时，电子会从一个物体或人转移到另一个物体或人身上，静电就产生了。此处为固定搭配“transfer from...to...”，意为“从……转移到……”，用介词from。故填from。 37．考查冠词。句意：另一方面，当某个物体缺少电子时，它自然会带正电。此处为固定搭配“a lack of”，意为“缺乏、缺少”，用不定冠词a。故填a。 38．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：异种电荷相互吸引，所以当带负电的物体与带正电的物体接触时，电子会从带负电的物体流向带正电的物体，直到电荷达到平衡。此处为谓语动词，描述客观物理现象，用一般现在时；主语the charges为复数，所以谓语动词为balance。故填balance。 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：当人体携带过多正电荷时，就更容易产生静电。此处为固定结构“be likely to do sth.”，意为“可能做某事”，用动词不定式to generate。故填to generate。 40．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，当你穿着袜子走过铺着地毯的地板后，触摸金属物体时感受到的火花或电击，就是这种电子流动造成的。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词floor，carpet意为“给……铺地毯”与floor之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式，作定语。故填carpeted。 41．考查表语从句。句意：这是因为冬天的空气通常更干燥，而干燥的空气导电性能不如潮湿的空气。此处引导表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处表示“因为”，用连接词because。故填because。 42．考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，静电荷更容易在物体上积聚。此处暗含冬天与夏天的对比，结合前文“dry air doesn’t conduct electricity as well as moist air”，用easy的比较级easier，意为“更容易的”。故填easier。 43．考查形容词。句意：虽然静电通常是无害的，但它可能会令人烦恼，有时甚至会让人感到疼痛。此处作表语，用harm的形容词形式harmless，意为“无害的”符合句意。故填harmless。 44．考查非谓语动词。句意：一种有效的方法是使用加湿器来增加空气中的湿度，这会提高你家里的湿度，有助于防止静电积聚。此处为固定搭配“involve doing”意为“涉及做某事”可知，用use的动名词形式using，作宾语。故填using。 45．考查定语从句。句意：一种有效的方法是使用加湿器来增加空气中的湿度，这会提高你家里的湿度，有助于防止静电积聚。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个句子描述的“使用加湿器增加空气湿度”这件事，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 46．范文 Will Physical Bookstore Disappear? In my opinion, physical bookstores will not disappear completely. Despite the rise of digital reading, there’s a unique charm in browsing through physical books, feeling their pages, and discovering unexpected gems. Moreover, bookstores often serve as cultural hubs, hosting events and fostering community engagement. They offer an experience that digital platforms can’t fully replicate, making them invaluable to readers and society alike. What can’t be ignored is that digital reading brings us physical as well as psychological damages especially to the young. How about making a tour to a nearby Physical Bookstore to free yourself from digital world this weekend? 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就“实体书店是否会消失”这一主题发表自己的看法和理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 完全地：completely→totally 消失：disappear →vanish 魅力：charm →attraction 忽视：ignore→overlook 2.句式拓展 同义句改写 原句：In my opinion, physical bookstores will not disappear completely. 拓展句：From my perspective, I firmly believe that physical bookstores will never completely disappear. 【点睛】【高分句型1】They offer an experience that digital platforms can’t fully replicate, making them invaluable to readers and society alike.（使用了现在分词making作状语和that引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】What can’t be ignored is that digital reading brings us physical as well as psychological damages especially to the young.（使用了连接代词what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句） 47．One possible version: I realized it was me who was at fault. I had been so focused on keeping the party under control that I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time. My pride had kept me from reaching out, and now months had passed without a proper conversation. One evening, I picked up the phone and left him a voice message, apologizing for my behavior and asking if we could meet. To my relief, he called back the next day, and we agreed to get together soon. With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother’s door. He opened it with a surprised smile, and for a moment, neither of us spoke. Then we hugged — something we hadn’t done since before his wife passed away. We sat on the porch with Toby resting beside us, and I handed him the box of biscuits. “Thank you,” he said quietly. We talked for hours, laughing, remembering old times, and slowly rebuilding what had been lost. As I watched Toby gently rest his head on my brother’s leg, I knew we were finally on the path to healing. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因担心弟弟的狗Toby影响聚会，要求弟弟看好狗，后因天气变化导致弟弟提前离开并心生芥蒂。两个月后作者意识到自己的过错，主动带着妻子做的饼干登门道歉，最终兄弟俩和解的故事，展现了亲情中理解与包容的重要性。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我意识到是我错了。” 可知，第一段可描写作者反思自己在聚会上只顾控制局面，忽视了Toby对弟弟的重要性，因骄傲迟迟未联系弟弟，最终通过电话留言道歉并约定见面。 ②由第二段首句内容“带着妻子做的饼干，我来到了弟弟家门口。”可知，第二段可描写弟弟开门时的惊讶与沉默，兄弟俩拥抱和解，坐在门廊上谈心，看着Toby依偎在弟弟腿边，明白亲情修复的意义。 2. 续写线索：反思过错——电话留言道歉——约定见面——带饼干登门——拥抱沉默——谈心和解——领悟亲情 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①道歉：apologize/say sorry/make an apology ②拥抱：hug/embrace ③重建：rebuild/restore/reconstruct 情绪类： ①宽慰：relief/comfort/satisfaction/ease ②惊讶：surprised /shocked/astonished 【点睛】[高分句型1] I had been so focused on keeping the party under control that I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time.（运用了“so...that...”引导结果状语从句以及how引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] One evening, I picked up the phone and left him a voice message, apologizing for my behavior and asking if we could meet.（运用了现在分词短语作状语以及if引导的宾语从句） [高分句型 3] As I watched Toby gently rest his head on my brother’s leg, I knew we were finally on the path to healing.（运用了as引导时间状语从句以及省略that的宾语从句） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $