专题07 七选五（期中真题汇编，云南专用）高一英语下学期

专题07 七选五 以下汇编的七选五练习题，体裁均为说明文，并按难度系数由高到低排序： 主题01 人与自我——心理健康、个人成长、学习技巧、健康生活 1. 社交恐惧症：放松、做自己、寻找社交场合｜难度0.85 2. 面对失败：回忆成功、承认失败、明智决策｜难度0.85 3. 听音乐技巧：关注结构、乐器、变化｜难度0.65 4. 旅行省钱：避开常见误区、灵活安排｜难度0.65 5. 音乐健康益处：护心、止痛、控重、助记忆｜难度0.65 6. 表达感激：口头、写卡、公开、帮忙｜难度0.65 7. 衣服耐穿：减少洗涤、翻转晾晒、自然晾干、修补｜难度0.65 8. 教孩子餐桌礼仪：洗手、等待、传递、礼貌用语｜难度0.65 9. 幸福建议：善待自己、远离社交媒体、投资关系、运动、限新闻｜难度0.65 主题02 人与社会——文化差异、历史发展、文化遗产 1. 保护文化遗产：法律、意识、国际合作｜难度0.65 2. 英美文化差异：被撞、穿着、剩菜、打车｜难度0.65 3. 中国货币发展：物物交换、贝壳、金属币、皮革、纸币｜难度0.65 4. 茶艺（点茶）：调膏、注水、搅拌、泡沫作画｜难度0.65 主题03 人与自然——环境保护、自然遗产、户外体验 1. 山地小屋：免费使用、难找、设施简陋｜难度0.85 2. 减少塑料：布袋、水杯、拒吸管、批量购、无塑替代｜难度0.65 3. 神农架遗产：自然平衡、生物多样性、科研、当地人保护｜难度0.65 主题01 人与自我——心理健康、个人成长、学习技巧、健康生活 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·云南大理·期中） A social phobia (恐惧症) in an anxiety disorder with strong fear in social situations. 1 when other people are around. Here are some suggestions to overcome social phobia. Learn to relax. People with a social phobia often have anticipatory (预期的) anxiety. 2 . For this, we have to learn to relax instead of having the fear of the future situation. Besides, imagination can play tricks on us in social situations. In most cases you are afraid of things that have not happened or are not happening. 3 . However, that only exists in your mind. So, just learn to relax and enjoy just like everyone else is doing. Be yourself. To some degree, social phobia is caused by the belief that we have to be perfect as others expect. 4 . So we do not have to focus so much on what others may think of us, but on feeling comfortable with ourselves without having to be perfect. 5 . If we always avoid social situations out of fear, it is very difficult for us to be able to overcome them. If we try to relate to the outside of our usual circle, we will feel more comfortable little by little. In this way, when a social event arrives that we want to attend or take part in, we will be better able to be comfortable in it. A．Look for social situations B．Be imaginative in solving social issues C．Perhaps you have a phobia about flying D．We have to learn to accept and trust ourselves E．In other words, they worry about the situation before it happens F．You are held back by worrying about of what others may be thinking of you G．People with social phobia feel fear, as well as nervousness, pain or shyness Passage 2 （23-24高一下·云南曲靖·期中） No one likes to fail. Failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time, money, or both. 1 If you never suffer a failure, then you’re probably not pushing yourself to your full potential. The following are some tips on how to pick yourself up after you’ve failed. Remember that other people fail too. 2 They’ll tell you about that great new contract (合同) they signed，not the deal that failed eventually. But failure is normal, and lots of people fail many times before succeeding. Remind yourself of your past successes. Failing doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve what you want. 3 Maybe you had high marks last term, or you lost weight, or you learned to play a musical instrument. You might want to write down a list of successes. If you ever lack confidence, you can go back and read over that list. 4 Your past successes are important, but so are your past failures. You’ve made mistakes before, and you’ve survived them. By acknowledging your failures, you can remind yourself that today is no different. Just as you recovered in the past, you can recover from your recent failure too. 5 Whatever goes wrong, you’re probably facing some sort of decision. Don’t rush into making a hasty decision, but do look for a forward path. That might require some deep thinking. A．Make a decision wisely. B．Limit the damage caused. C．Remind yourself of your past failures. D．However, failure is a normal part of life. E．Get some advice and support from others. F．Most people don’t talk openly about their failures. G．Think of all the times in the past when you’ve succeeded. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·云南昆明·期中） Listening to music can help you relax, but really listening to music can help you expand (拓展) your mind and appreciate music on a deeper level. Active listening takes practice, but lucky for you, we’re here to share some tips! 1 According to professional pianist Warren Lee, one of the best ways to really listen to music is to “learn the overall structure (整体结构) of a piece”. Note any repetition, variation, melodies (旋律), and harmonies throughout the song, and question their placement: Why is a certain part being repeated or varied? Is it because the melody is great? 2 Focus on a specific instrument and how it contributes to the song. 3 And then forget everything else that’s playing. Listen to the tone (音色), and how it shapes the melody. Think about the song’s movement or progression (变化). 4 Does the singer end up in the same place as where they started, or does the song tell a story of how they’ve “changed”? The key change in “Hey Jude” is one of the most important and famous examples of movement and change in pop music. 5 According to Warren Lee, paying attention to the song’s progression can help you listen to music on a deeper level. A．Is it to bring out the lyrics? B．Pick one instrument in the song. C．How does the singer choose the instrument? D．Pay attention to the basic structure of the song. E．In a second, the song goes from thoughtful to joyous. F．Listen to the melody and search for the background context about the song. G．Listen once, and then replay the song to see if there are any changes from start to finish. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·云南昆明·期中） The Money-Draining Mistakes Travelers Make Planning a low-cost trip? You don’t have to give up comfort or safety! Travel experts say we can have great trips without spending too much, only if you let go of the luxury (奢华的) travel posts you keep seeing on social media. 1 Chasing dream destinations Going to your dream place might empty your wallet. Instead, find cheaper places to visit. For example, if Paris is too expensive, try Montreal. 2 Similarly, visiting New York’s Finger Lakes instead of Napa Valley saves money on hotels and wine tastings. Focus on experiences, not just the destination! 3 Travel prices vary by season. Flying during off-peak times, like winter, can save money. For example, visiting Santorini in winter saved one family $500 per person compared to summer prices. Also, avoid flying on weekends—Sundays and Mondays are pricier because of business travelers. Being flexible with dates helps you save! Assuming vacation rentals are cheaper 4 Actually, prices for vacation rentals like Airbnb or VRBO have risen, sometimes costing more than hotels. Budget hotels and hostels can be better deals. Some hostels even have game rooms for kids. Another option is house-sitting or swapping—you can stay for free by caring for someone’s home. Staying in the city center Staying in busy tourist areas like Times Square or Hollywood can cost more. Instead, try neighborhoods outside the city center. In New York, dining in the Bronx costs less than in Manhattan. In Paris, visiting St. Ouen’s antique markets is free and fun. Avoiding the city center saves money and offers authentic experiences! Remember, travel is about enjoying new places, not matching fancy social media posts. 5 By doing so, your wallet will surely thank you! A．Traveling with family. B．Booking specific dates. C．Travel smarter, not harder. D．Comparison is the thief of joy. E．A flight from New York to Paris costs more, than one to Montreal. F．Avoid the following common mistakes to save money and still enjoy your trip! G．Travelers often assume that a vacation rental will be more affordable than a hotel. Passage 5 （23-24高一下·云南曲靖·期中） Can you imagine a civilization without music? Impossible, I would say. In addition, history shows that every culture on this planet has used music all the way. 1 . Music is good for your heart. They say that music is good for the soul, but what about the heart? 2 . Heart patients were observed at Massachusetts General Hospital. They were recovering from heart surgery. Some patients listened to Mozart’s piano sonatas for half an hour every day. These patients were the ones who had improved heart rates and lower blood pressure compared with those who never listened to any music at all. 3 . Patients suffering from pain have found relief from listening to music. Classical music seems to be the best choice and Mozart and Bach are the most suitable. But heavy metal and other techno sounds can actually excite patients and cause irregular heartbeats, so they are not recommended. Music may be useful in controlling overweight. Studies show that simply playing soft and relaxing music while eating can have a controlling effect on how full you feel. 4 . Music may help with memory and learning. There was a lot of publicity about the “Mozart Effect” which showed that a group of college students did better at math while they were listening to some classical music. 5 . A．Let us see how music affects us. B．The result is that you will eat less. C．Some students find that music can aid concentration, while others need silence. D．There are lots of experiments which are more or less impressive on the benefits of music when treating illness. E．Heavy metal music have no effect on easing pain. F．Let us look at the actual health benefits now. G．Music can help with pain relief. Passage 6 （23-24高一下·云南曲靖·期中） How to Express Thanks to Loved Ones You may feel grateful to your family and friends, but it may not always be easy for you to know how to express that. To truly express your gratitude (感激), you have to be kind and open. 1 . Tell them how much you thank them. You may be taking your family members for granted (想当然) without even realizing it. 2 , remember to tell them that you love them every single day, and to show that you thank them for all of the love, food, help and any other offerings they have given you. Write “thank-you” cards. 3 . You can give “thank-you” cards to whoever has influenced your life in a positive way. You can write these cards to your best friend, and you don’t need to wait for a special occasion to send one along, either. 4 . It is good to than k a person in front of other people. Don’t do this in a way that makes the person embarrassed (尴尬的), but make it clear how much the person means to you. Just a few sentences at work or at a small gathering of friends can make a person feel even more special about his or her role in your life. Do favors for them. Don’t do favors for your friends just because they’ve helped you out recently or because you want something in return. 5 . This can mean picking up coffee or lunch when they’re busy or finding another small way to make a big difference in your friends’ life. A．Give meaningful gifts B．Thank the person publicly C．When they face troubles and need some help D．It’s one of the easiest ways to show your gratitude E．Remember that a more grateful life is a happier life F．To show how much your family members mean to you G．Instead, help them out just because you care about them Passage 7 （24-25高一下·云南马关·期中） How to Make Your Clothes Last Longer We have to throw out some clothes that we love just because we’ve not taken good care of them. Four top tips can help you make your clothes last longer. 1 ●Reduce the times you wash your clothes. Washing your clothes less doesn’t mean wearing the same T-shirt tor a week. You can wear clothes like jeans and jumpers at least three times before washing. The exception, of course, is clothes worn for the gym. Besides, if you don’t wear clothes next to your skin, air them after wearing. 2 If they seem fine, you can wear them another day. ●Wash, our clothes inside out. 3 As the machine spins (旋转) the clothes around, they must each other. Turning your clothes inside out reduces wear on the outside surface of your clothes: This can help keep them from damage. ●Air your clothes dry if possible. Drying your clothes on a line is good for both your clothes and he environment. 4 When possible, just use the dryer at a low temperature. ● 5 Rather than throw something out because of a small hole or tear. Knowing how to use a needle and thread (线) and a few basic repairing techniques can be friendly to your clothes and your pocket. If the work is beyond your skills, you can find repair places nearby your houses. A．Hang your jumpers on the clothes line. B．Fixing your clothes is a wise alternative. C．Use an app to find places for clothes repair. D．Simply check your clothes for any spots or marks. E．Your clothes are usually beaten hard during the wash. F．In the meantime, it can also reduce the expense of the electricity. G．They can also help save both your money and our environment definitely. Passage 8 （24-25高一下·云南开远·期中） Since children learn many things from watching, you should be very careful when and how you teach them about table manners (礼仪). 1 , table manners must be part of their daily rules. Here are manners important for your children to know and tips on how to teach them in a simple way. Washing Up Everyone knows that kids will touch and try to eat everything they can 2 : They must wash their hands and faces before coming to the table. Cleanliness and presentation are important parts of every meal. Waiting for Everyone It’s only polite to wait for everyone to sit down before you start eating, and kids need to learn this skill early on 3 , but showing them the importance of waiting for others is a skill that carries over into their regular life as well. Passing Plates 4 . Even though they may not be able to actually reach for something, children will stand up and catch what they want. During these moments, remind them to ask for help or request that someone pass them the serving bowls and plates with the food they want. Using the Magic Words That they’re young doesn’t mean your kids shouldn’t already know how to say please and thank you. If they already know how to talk, these words are necessary 5 . Basic manners are a matter of practice for anyone, especially children. So, you’ll want to start teaching them suitable table manners as early as possible. A．Ask them to finish eating before speaking up B．Even when they seem too young to understand them C．Teach them that when it comes time to eat real food D．It can be challenging for them to control themselves E．While your children may not learn as quickly as you might want them to F．Many times you’ll set a family-style table with dishes organized in the centre G．Showing by using these words yourself is the best way to get them to use them as well Passage 9 （23-24高一下·云南昭通·期中） How satisfied are you with your life? How good do you feel every day? Your answers to those two questions can show how happy you are. It’s true that your happiness is partly affected by your genes. 1 According to experts, happiness is a choice. It’s something that you can develop with continuing practice. Following these tried-and-true tips can help you find happiness. Be kind to yourself. Don’t compare yourself to others. Everyone has different talents and abilities. It’s OK that you’re not like someone else. Comparison has been called “the thief of joy”. In addition, forgive yourself often. 2 . Take breaks from social media. 3 Yet much of what appears on social media is not real. Many people compare themselves with those images, resulting in feelings of discouragement. 4 . Spending time with people you love and that love you is necessary for building strong connections and developing a sense of belonging. By devoting time and attention to those who matter most to you, you can create lasting memories, deepen understanding, and strengthen bonds with each other happily. Get outside for exercise. Nature helps to reduce stress. Exercise and put your health in the first place. 5 Just going on a walk can make a difference. Limit time you spend on news. Stay aware of recent events. But don’t spend hours consuming news, which usually includes negative stories and events. Since happiness is a choice, why not choose it? Life will look brighter filled with love and joy! A．You are not perfect. B．Invest in your relationships. C．Determine happiness through actions. D．You could perhaps lead a happier life and feel more satisfied. E．But even if you’re not usually a happy person, you can change that. F．People who get up and move are usually happier than those who don’t. G．The Internet is full of people who look beautiful and seem to lead exciting lives. 主题02 人与社会——文化差异、历史发展、文化遗产 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·云南保山·期中） Protecting Cultural Heritage Cultural heritage, whether it is ancient buildings, traditional festivals, or unique handicrafts, is of great significance to a nation or a community. 1 It is not only a symbol of our history but also a source of our cultural identity. However, cultural heritage is facing various threats today. Here are some effective ways to protect it. 2 Laws can set clear rules and regulations to govern the activities related to cultural heritage. For example, laws can prevent the unauthorized demolition of historical buildings and the illegal trade of cultural relics. Without proper laws, cultural heritage may be easily damaged or lost. Governments around the world should attach great importance to formulating and improving relevant laws. Raising public awareness is another key aspect. Many people may not fully understand the value of cultural heritage. 3 They might think these old-fashioned things have no connection with modern life. Through educational programs in schools and public campaigns, we can let people know that cultural heritage is the root of a nation and is closely related to our daily lives. International cooperation also plays a vital role. Cultural heritage is a global treasure, and the damage to it in any part of the world is a loss for all of humanity. 4 Different countries can share their experiences and technologies in protecting cultural heritage. For instance, when a natural disaster occurs in a country and damages its cultural heritage sites, other countries can offer help and support. In conclusion, protecting cultural heritage requires the joint efforts of everyone. 5 A．Establishing legal protection is essential. B．We should respect different cultural heritages. C．Cultural heritage protection needs enough funds. D．As a result, they may not take action to protect it. E．It reflects the wisdom and creativity of our ancestors. F．Therefore, countries should work together to safeguard it. G．By taking actions in many ways, we can achieve this goal. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·云南昭通·期中） Customs on Either Side of the Atlantic We all know that Britain and the US are two countries connected by a common language. But in fact, 1 , as BBC did in a recent story called 8 Situations When Britons Behave Differently From Americans. Below Teens has picked out four for you. Take a look. When someone knocks into you. If someone bumps into an American, the victim (受害人) will most likely look at the person and expect an apology. If however, 3 . Chances are that the victim will say “sorry” before the other can make his or her own apology. 3 . Britons don’t all change into evening dress for supper like what you may have seen in popular TV shows like Downton Abbey. But they do tend to make an effort when going out for dinner somewhere nice. Americans, however, will probably wear a casual shirt. When you don’t finish your food. When dining out at a restaurant, 4 . They think the food is somehow “tainted” once they’ve touched it with a knife and fork. In the US, wrapping it up to take home is a standard practice. When you get into a taxi. Britons will give the cab driver an address, then think that’s it for the interaction until it’s time to pay. Even if they’re being taken in a roundabout (迂回的；绕远的) way, 5 . In the US, however, most passengers think nothing of telling the driver what route to take after telling him or her the destination. A．the victim happens to be British B．When you get dressed for dinner C．When you go out with your friends D．they’re very unlikely to say anything E．the differences are more fun to observe F．they will point it out immediately and politely G．Britons wouldn’t think to take the leftovers home Passage 3 （24-25高一下·云南曲靖·期中） China has been the birthplace of many of the world’s greatest inventions. It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money. 1 During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes. This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering (易货贸易). 2 In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells as money. Usually, the shells used as money were very small. This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country. In the years which followed this invention, many other countries around the world began to do the same. 3 The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells. It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal. 4 By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Empire. About 1,000 years later, leather was used as money in China. 5 It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe. A．As time went by, trade between countries increased. B．People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs. C．They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling. D．However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical. E．The first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together. F．And in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people. G．Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used different kinds of things for buying and selling. Passage 4 （23-24高一下·云南昆明·期中） It’s common to see a barista (咖啡师) create coffee art, but it’s different from doing the same thing with tea. Creating tea art in cups, or “dian cha” in Chinese, improves the taste of tea. 1 The difference is that it is made of tea rather than milk. Chinese tea culture started to be popular during the Tang Dynasty and developed rapidly throughout the Song Dynasty. Different from the way of brewing (酿造) tea during the Tang period, in the Song Dynasty, the popular way of having tea was through “dian cha”. In the eyes of people of that time, good tea should be white and fine. 2 The process begins with hot water being poured over fine powdered (粉末状的) tea creating a paste. Then more hot water is slowly added as the tea is continually stirred by hand with a bamboo stiek. 3 That is where the name “dian cha” comes. The key is to practice cooperation between the wrist (手腕) and the arm. It usually requires stirring the mixture between 180 and 200 times before the water and the tea are fully combined and the foam (泡沫) appears. Then, one can feel free; to make artistic designs in the foam with the tea paste. 4 To lengthen its life, it’s advisable to take a photo. 5 It takes a year of practice, through trial and error, for one to achieve such proficiency (熟练度). A．The action of pouring hot water is called dian. B．It is similar to the foam on top of a cup of coffee. C．However, the design on tea foam will only last for up to an hour. D．Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes E．The ideal state is when the tea temperature is around 40℃, ready to be tasted. F．The better the tea, the whiter it should be, and the longer the foam should last. G．The patterns created on the tea foams are often poems, calligraphy and paintings. 主题03 人与自然——环境保护、自然遗产、户外体验 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·云南·期中） Founded in 1965, the Mountain Bothy (小屋) Association (MBA) is a registered charity that maintains “simple shelters in remote country for the use of all who love wild and lonely places”. The organization manages more than 100 bothies in Scotland, Wales and Northern England. The system is simple. 1 . They can’t be booked in advance. As long as you follow the MBA’s Bothy Code (行为规范), which is based on respect for other users, the bothy and the surroundings, you’re welcome. 2 Although the grid (坐标) references are available online, don’t count on phone signal when looking for them. And even with a well-marked map, it is difficult to find them. Every bothy is an adapted building with a previous life. 3 . In the early 20th century, hill farming declined and fewer and fewer people lived in remote locations, leaving many buildings abandoned. After World War II, hiking and mountaineering as leisure pursuits dramatically increased in popularity and those exploring the outdoors began using these abandoned buildings as shelters. The MBA was created by Bernard Heath and a group of friends. 4 . Although they’re maintained, bothies are by no means luxurious. You won’t find electricity or running water and will be lucky to have a long-drop toilet. Most will have a stove, but there may be no fuel supply. 5 , so you should pack as if you’re camping, including a tent if the bothy is overcrowded or you don’t fancy the company. A．That is if you can find them B．Your comforts are carried in C．This depends on your budget D．They made a lot of friends in the shelters E．Bothies are free to use and open to anyone F．It aimed to restore and maintain them for like-minded individuals G．Most are old shepherds’ huts, farmhouses or workers’ accommodation Passage 2 （24-25高一下·云南昭通·期中） Tips for Using Less Plastic In today’s world, plastic pollution is a pressing environmental issue. Making small changes in our daily lives can significantly reduce our plastic consumption. Here are some practical tips to help you use less plastic. Carry Your Own Reusable Bags Gone are the days of relying on single-use plastic bags at the grocery store. 1 These bags are not only more durable but also come in various sizes and styles. For example, you can choose a large, sturdy bag for your weekly groceries or a smaller, foldable one for quick trips to the market. By using reusable bags, you can avoid the countless plastic bags that end up in landfills or oceans each year. 2 Every time you buy bottled water or coffee in a disposable cup, you contribute to plastic waste. Reusable water bottles and coffee cups are a simple and effective solution. Invest in a high-quality reusable water bottle made of stainless steel or glass. Not only will you save money in the long run, but you can also ensure that the water you drink is free from potential plastic contaminants. Say No to Straws 3 They are often used for just a few minutes but take hundreds of years to decompose. If you really need a straw, consider using a reusable one made of metal, bamboo, or silicone. These reusable straws can be easily cleaned and reused, and they come in fun colors and designs. You can even carry a portable straw with you when you’re out at restaurants or cafes. Buy in Bulk and Avoid Excessive Packaging When shopping, try to buy products in bulk whenever possible. 4 Many grocery stores now offer bulk sections where you can purchase items like grains, nuts, and dried fruits. Bring your own reusable containers to fill up, and you can avoid the unnecessary plastic packaging that often comes with pre-packaged items. Choose Plastic-Free Alternatives for Household Items There are many plastic-free alternatives available for common household items. For example, you can replace plastic toothbrushes with bamboo ones. For storing food, use glass containers with metal lids instead of plastic wrap or plastic storage bags. 5 A．Opt for reusable water bottles and coffee cups. B．Instead, keep a few reusable bags in your car or purse. C．They are convenient but cause a lot of environmental problems. D．This reduces the amount of packaging waste you generate. E．You can also recycle plastic items properly to reduce waste. F．Straws are among the most commonly used and littered plastic items. G．These substitutions can make a big difference in reducing your plastic footprint. Passage 3 （23-24高一下·云南保山·期中） As we know, Shennongjia Forestry District was added to the United Nations World Heritage list on July 17, 2016. But there are so many important places not yet on this list. 1 . UNESCO awarded Shennongjia Forestry District this status because it meets two criteria required by the list. It contains a naturally-balanced environment. 2 . It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve. 3 . Firstly, Shennongjia is apparently one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world. The region rises from about 400 meters to over 3,000 meters above sea level, giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”. Secondly, it has incredible biodiversity. According to official statistics, over 3,000 plant species have been recorded there. This represents more than ten percent of China’s total floral richness. It is a challenge to look after so many species in freezing cold winter. Scientists walked in heavy snow to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey. 4 , the monkey’s population wouldn’t had doubled since the 1980s. Their number reached over 1,300 in 2015 and continued to grow. But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people. 5 . A local village is known for its home-made honey. What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee. All of this explains why Shennongjia deserves its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List, as well as highlighting how understanding, awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world. A．Although it was cold in the woods B．It allows various species to live and prosper C．You might think why Shennongjia was chosen D．If they hadn’t made efforts to save these monkeys E．They take things from nature without causing damage F．There are two main reasons for Shennongjia was chosen G．One interesting thing about Shennongjia is its legend of wild man / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 七选五 以下汇编的七选五练习题，体裁均为说明文，并按难度系数由高到低排序： 主题01 人与自我——心理健康、个人成长、学习技巧、健康生活 1. 社交恐惧症：放松、做自己、寻找社交场合｜难度0.85 2. 面对失败：回忆成功、承认失败、明智决策｜难度0.85 3. 听音乐技巧：关注结构、乐器、变化｜难度0.65 4. 旅行省钱：避开常见误区、灵活安排｜难度0.65 5. 音乐健康益处：护心、止痛、控重、助记忆｜难度0.65 6. 表达感激：口头、写卡、公开、帮忙｜难度0.65 7. 衣服耐穿：减少洗涤、翻转晾晒、自然晾干、修补｜难度0.65 8. 教孩子餐桌礼仪：洗手、等待、传递、礼貌用语｜难度0.65 9. 幸福建议：善待自己、远离社交媒体、投资关系、运动、限新闻｜难度0.65 主题02 人与社会——文化差异、历史发展、文化遗产 1. 保护文化遗产：法律、意识、国际合作｜难度0.65 2. 英美文化差异：被撞、穿着、剩菜、打车｜难度0.65 3. 中国货币发展：物物交换、贝壳、金属币、皮革、纸币｜难度0.65 4. 茶艺（点茶）：调膏、注水、搅拌、泡沫作画｜难度0.65 主题03 人与自然——环境保护、自然遗产、户外体验 1. 山地小屋：免费使用、难找、设施简陋｜难度0.85 2. 减少塑料：布袋、水杯、拒吸管、批量购、无塑替代｜难度0.65 3. 神农架遗产：自然平衡、生物多样性、科研、当地人保护｜难度0.65 主题01 人与自我——心理健康、个人成长、学习技巧、健康生活 Passage 1 （23-24高一下·云南大理·期中） A social phobia (恐惧症) in an anxiety disorder with strong fear in social situations. 1 when other people are around. Here are some suggestions to overcome social phobia. Learn to relax. People with a social phobia often have anticipatory (预期的) anxiety. 2 . For this, we have to learn to relax instead of having the fear of the future situation. Besides, imagination can play tricks on us in social situations. In most cases you are afraid of things that have not happened or are not happening. 3 . However, that only exists in your mind. So, just learn to relax and enjoy just like everyone else is doing. Be yourself. To some degree, social phobia is caused by the belief that we have to be perfect as others expect. 4 . So we do not have to focus so much on what others may think of us, but on feeling comfortable with ourselves without having to be perfect. 5 . If we always avoid social situations out of fear, it is very difficult for us to be able to overcome them. If we try to relate to the outside of our usual circle, we will feel more comfortable little by little. In this way, when a social event arrives that we want to attend or take part in, we will be better able to be comfortable in it. A．Look for social situations B．Be imaginative in solving social issues C．Perhaps you have a phobia about flying D．We have to learn to accept and trust ourselves E．In other words, they worry about the situation before it happens F．You are held back by worrying about of what others may be thinking of you G．People with social phobia feel fear, as well as nervousness, pain or shyness 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．D 5．A 【难度】0.85 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了社交恐惧症是一种焦虑障碍，在社交场合有强烈的恐惧。有社交恐惧症的人在周围有人的时候会感到害怕、紧张、痛苦或害羞。下面是一些克服社交恐惧症的建议。 1．上文“A social phobia (恐惧症) in an anxiety disorder with strong fear in social situations.”(社交恐惧症是一种焦虑障碍，在社交场合有强烈的恐惧。)引出话题，提到社交恐惧症。下文“when other people are around”(当别人在身边的时候)可知，为说明社交恐惧症的症状表现。结合选项G项People with social phobia feel fear, as well as nervousness, pain or shyness(患有社交恐惧症的人会感到恐惧、紧张、痛苦或害羞)为说明其症状表现，和下文构成一个复合句关系，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 2．根据上文“People with a social phobia often have anticipatory (预期的) anxiety.”(患有社交恐惧症的人通常会有预期性焦虑。)可知，说明社交恐惧症的人通常会有预期性焦虑，结合选项E项In other words, they worry about the situation before it happens.(换句话说，他们在事情发生之前就开始担心。)是对上文意思的补充解释说明且和下文this构成指代呼应。故选E项。 3．根据该段第二层中心句“Besides, imagination can play tricks on us in social situations.”(此外，在社交场合，想象力会捉弄我们。)以及上文“In most cases you are afraid of things that have not happened or are not happening.”(在大多数情况下，你害怕那些没有发生或没有发生的事情。)可知，该段主要讲的是想象力会捉弄我们，我们可能会担心那些没有发生过或没有发生的事情，F项You are held back by worrying about of what others may be thinking of you(阻碍你的是你担心着别人会怎么看你。)和上文内容相关，都是讲的担心别人的看法，也是对上文内容的语意递进，也和下文指示代词that构成呼应，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 4．根据该段标题“Be yourself”(做你自己。)以及下文“So we do not have to focus so much on what others may think of us, but on feeling comfortable with ourselves without having to be perfect.”(所以我们不需要太关注别人对我们的看法，而是要对自己感到舒适，而不必变得完美。)可知，这里讲的是做自己就好，不需要太关注别人对我们的看法。故可推断空格处内容与此相关，结合选项D项We have to learn to accept and trust ourselves.(我们必须学会接受和信任自己。)符合此推断，与该段主旨一致，都是讲的接受自己，做自己的相关内容。上下文语意连贯。故选D项。 5．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“If we always avoid social situations out of fear, it is very difficult for us to be able to overcome them. If we try to relate to the outside of our usual circle, we will feel more comfortable little by little. In this way, when a social event arrives that we want to attend or take part in, we will be better able to be comfortable in it.”(如果我们总是出于恐惧而逃避社交场合，我们就很难克服它们。如果我们试着与我们平常圈子之外的人建立联系，我们会逐渐感到更舒服。这样，当我们想要参加或参与的社交活动到来时，我们就能更好地适应它。)可知，讲的是多接触一些社交场合。结合选项A项Look for social situations(寻找社交场合)意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一下·云南曲靖·期中） No one likes to fail. Failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time, money, or both. 1 If you never suffer a failure, then you’re probably not pushing yourself to your full potential. The following are some tips on how to pick yourself up after you’ve failed. Remember that other people fail too. 2 They’ll tell you about that great new contract (合同) they signed，not the deal that failed eventually. But failure is normal, and lots of people fail many times before succeeding. Remind yourself of your past successes. Failing doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve what you want. 3 Maybe you had high marks last term, or you lost weight, or you learned to play a musical instrument. You might want to write down a list of successes. If you ever lack confidence, you can go back and read over that list. 4 Your past successes are important, but so are your past failures. You’ve made mistakes before, and you’ve survived them. By acknowledging your failures, you can remind yourself that today is no different. Just as you recovered in the past, you can recover from your recent failure too. 5 Whatever goes wrong, you’re probably facing some sort of decision. Don’t rush into making a hasty decision, but do look for a forward path. That might require some deep thinking. A．Make a decision wisely. B．Limit the damage caused. C．Remind yourself of your past failures. D．However, failure is a normal part of life. E．Get some advice and support from others. F．Most people don’t talk openly about their failures. G．Think of all the times in the past when you’ve succeeded. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．A 【难度】0.85 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在失败后如何振作起来的建议。 1．上文“No one likes to fail. Failure is painful and it can also be costly in terms of time, money, or both.(没有人喜欢失败。失败是痛苦的，也可能在时间、金钱或两者方面付出代价)”以及下文“If you never suffer a failure, then you’re probably not pushing yourself to your full potential.(如果你从未经历过失败，那么你可能没有充分发挥自己的潜力)”说明失败是痛苦的并需要付出代价，但是如果从未经历过失败，也不能发挥自己的潜力。空处和前文形成转折关系，并引出下文的内容。D项“然而，失败是生活中正常的一部分。”符合语境。故选D。 2．下文“They’ll tell you about that great new contract (合同) they signed，not the deal that failed eventually.(他们会告诉你他们签署的那份伟大的新合同，而不是最终失败的交易)”说明大多数人只会分享成功的故事，不会公开谈论自己的失败。空处引出下文中的内容，下文中的they指代F项中的Most people，该项中的“don’t talk openly about their failures”和下文中的“not the deal that failed eventually”相呼应，说明大多数人不会公开谈论他们的失败。故选F。 3．上文“Remind yourself of your past successes. Failing doesn’t mean you’ll never achieve what you want.(提醒自己过去的成功。失败并不意味着你永远不会实现你想要的东西)”说明本段建议读者要关注自己过去的成功。空处顺接前文，同时引出下文中“过去成功”的例子。G项“回想一下过去你成功的所有时刻。”符合语境，该项中的“when you’ve succeeded”和上文中“Remind yourself of your past successes”相呼应。故选G。 4．下文“Your past successes are important, but so are your past failures. You’ve made mistakes before, and you’ve survived them.(你过去的成功很重要，但你过去的失败也很重要。你以前犯过错误，但你从中幸存了下来)”以及“Just as you recovered in the past, you can recover from your recent failure too.(正如你过去的恢复一样，你也可以从最近的失败中恢复过来)”说明本段主要引导读者回顾过去的失败，以提醒自己失败是可以克服的。C项“提醒自己过去的失败。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选C。 5．下文“Whatever goes wrong, you’re probably facing some sort of decision. Don’t rush into making a hasty decision, but do look for a forward path. That might require some deep thinking.(无论出了什么问题，你都可能面临某种决定。不要急于做出仓促的决定，但要寻找前进的道路。这可能需要一些深入思考)”说明本段建议读者面对一些决定时要慢，不要仓促做决定。A项“明智地做出决定。”适合作本段的主旨句。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·云南昆明·期中） Listening to music can help you relax, but really listening to music can help you expand (拓展) your mind and appreciate music on a deeper level. Active listening takes practice, but lucky for you, we’re here to share some tips! 1 According to professional pianist Warren Lee, one of the best ways to really listen to music is to “learn the overall structure (整体结构) of a piece”. Note any repetition, variation, melodies (旋律), and harmonies throughout the song, and question their placement: Why is a certain part being repeated or varied? Is it because the melody is great? 2 Focus on a specific instrument and how it contributes to the song. 3 And then forget everything else that’s playing. Listen to the tone (音色), and how it shapes the melody. Think about the song’s movement or progression (变化). 4 Does the singer end up in the same place as where they started, or does the song tell a story of how they’ve “changed”? The key change in “Hey Jude” is one of the most important and famous examples of movement and change in pop music. 5 According to Warren Lee, paying attention to the song’s progression can help you listen to music on a deeper level. A．Is it to bring out the lyrics? B．Pick one instrument in the song. C．How does the singer choose the instrument? D．Pay attention to the basic structure of the song. E．In a second, the song goes from thoughtful to joyous. F．Listen to the melody and search for the background context about the song. G．Listen once, and then replay the song to see if there are any changes from start to finish. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．G 5．E 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何真正聆听音乐并给出了几个深入欣赏音乐的建议。 1．空格处位于句首，是主题句，结合后面几段可知该句应该为祈使句，根据后文“According to professional pianist Warren Lee, one of the best ways to really listen to music is to “learn the overall structure (整体结构) of a piece”. (根据专业钢琴家沃伦・李的说法，真正聆听音乐的最佳方法之一是“了解一首曲子的整体结构”)”可知，此空应是说要关注歌曲的基本结构，D选项“Pay attention to the basic structure of the song. (关注歌曲的基本结构。)”符合语境，起到引出后文关于了解歌曲结构这一方法的作用。其中structure是同词复现。故选D。 2．根据前文“Note any repetition, variation, melodies (旋律), and harmonies throughout the song, and question their placement: Why is a certain part being repeated or varied? (注意整首歌中的任何重复、变化、旋律和和声，并质疑它们的位置：为什么某个部分会被重复或变化？)”可知，此空应是对歌曲中某些部分重复或变化原因的进一步猜测，A选项“Is it to bring out the lyrics?(是为了突出歌词吗？)”符合语境，与前文共同体现对歌曲结构相关问题的思考。故选A。 3．根据前文“Focus on a specific instrument and how it contributes to the song. (专注于一种特定的乐器以及它对歌曲的贡献。)”和后文“And then forget everything else that’s playing. Listen to the tone (音色), and how it shapes the melody. (然后忘掉正在演奏的其他一切。聆听音色，以及它如何塑造旋律。)”可知，此空应是说挑选歌曲中的一种乐器来专注聆听，B选项“Pick one instrument in the song. (挑选歌曲中的一种乐器。)”符合语境，起到连接前后文，引出专注于特定乐器这一聆听方法的作用。故选B。 4．根据前文“Think about the song's movement or progression (变化). (思考歌曲的变化或发展。)”和后文“Does the singer end up in the same place as where they started, or does the song tell a story of how they’ve “changed”? (歌手最终是否回到了起点，或者这首歌讲述了他们是如何“改变”的故事？)”可知，此空应是说通过听一遍再重放歌曲来观察歌曲从头到尾的变化，G选项“Listen once, and then replay the song to see if there are any changes from start to finish. (听一遍，然后重放这首歌，看看从头到尾有没有变化。)”符合语境，与前后文共同围绕思考歌曲的变化展开。故选G。 5．根据前文“The key change in “Hey Jude” is one of the most important and famous examples of movement and change in pop music. (《Hey Jude》中的关键变化是流行音乐中变化和发展的最著名例子之一。)”和后文“According to Warren Lee, paying attention to the song’s progression can help you listen to music on a deeper level. (根据沃伦・李的说法，关注歌曲的发展变化可以帮助你更深入地聆听音乐。)”可知，此空应是对《Hey Jude》这首歌变化的具体描述，E选项“In a second, the song goes from thoughtful to joyous. (一瞬间，这首歌从沉思的变成欢快的。)”符合语境，通过具体描述歌曲的变化来例证前文关于歌曲变化的内容，并引出后文关于关注歌曲变化对深入聆听音乐的作用。故选E。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·云南昆明·期中） The Money-Draining Mistakes Travelers Make Planning a low-cost trip? You don’t have to give up comfort or safety! Travel experts say we can have great trips without spending too much, only if you let go of the luxury (奢华的) travel posts you keep seeing on social media. 1 Chasing dream destinations Going to your dream place might empty your wallet. Instead, find cheaper places to visit. For example, if Paris is too expensive, try Montreal. 2 Similarly, visiting New York’s Finger Lakes instead of Napa Valley saves money on hotels and wine tastings. Focus on experiences, not just the destination! 3 Travel prices vary by season. Flying during off-peak times, like winter, can save money. For example, visiting Santorini in winter saved one family $500 per person compared to summer prices. Also, avoid flying on weekends—Sundays and Mondays are pricier because of business travelers. Being flexible with dates helps you save! Assuming vacation rentals are cheaper 4 Actually, prices for vacation rentals like Airbnb or VRBO have risen, sometimes costing more than hotels. Budget hotels and hostels can be better deals. Some hostels even have game rooms for kids. Another option is house-sitting or swapping—you can stay for free by caring for someone’s home. Staying in the city center Staying in busy tourist areas like Times Square or Hollywood can cost more. Instead, try neighborhoods outside the city center. In New York, dining in the Bronx costs less than in Manhattan. In Paris, visiting St. Ouen’s antique markets is free and fun. Avoiding the city center saves money and offers authentic experiences! Remember, travel is about enjoying new places, not matching fancy social media posts. 5 By doing so, your wallet will surely thank you! A．Traveling with family. B．Booking specific dates. C．Travel smarter, not harder. D．Comparison is the thief of joy. E．A flight from New York to Paris costs more, than one to Montreal. F．Avoid the following common mistakes to save money and still enjoy your trip! G．Travelers often assume that a vacation rental will be more affordable than a hotel. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．G 5．C 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了旅行者在旅行过程中可能会犯的一些导致花费过多的错误，并提供了相应的建议来避免这些错误，从而实现更经济实惠的旅行。 1．空前“Travel experts say we can have great trips without spending too much, only if you let go of the luxury (奢华的) travel posts you keep seeing on social media.(旅游专家表示，我们可以在不花太多钱的情况下享受美好的旅行，前提是你不要再在社交媒体上看到那些豪华旅游的帖子了。)”说明了如果想不花太多钱来旅游的话就不要再看那些豪华旅游的帖子，空后小标题讲的是一些需要避免的事情，F选项“Avoid the following common mistakes to save money and still enjoy your trip!(避免以下常见错误，既能省钱，又能享受你的旅行！)”说明了也要避免下面的一些错误，承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 2．空前“Going to your dream place might empty your wallet. Instead, find cheaper places to visit. For example, if Paris is too expensive, try Montreal.(去你梦想的地方可能会掏空你的钱包。相反，找更便宜的地方参观。例如，如果巴黎太贵，那就去蒙特利尔。)”说明了去理想的地方费钱，去个便宜的地方也可以，D选项“Comparison is the thief of joy.(攀比是偷走快乐的小偷。)”说明了对比理想的地方和便宜的地方会让人快乐，承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 3．空格处是本段小标题，由下文“Flying during off-peak times, like winter, can save money. For example, visiting Santorini in winter saved one family $500 per person compared to summer prices. Also, avoid flying on weekends—Sundays and Mondays are pricier because of business travelers. Being flexible with dates helps you save!(在非高峰时段飞行，比如冬天，可以省钱。例如，与夏季相比，冬季访问圣托里尼岛可以为一个家庭每人节省500美元。另外，避免在周末坐飞机——周日和周一的机票会更贵，因为会有商务旅客。灵活安排日期能帮你省钱！)”可知，本段主要讲的是要灵活安排旅行的时间，B选项“Booking specific dates.(预定特定的日期。)”和旅行的时间有关，概括了本段内容，可作为小标题。故选B。 4．本段小标题是“Assuming vacation rentals are cheaper(假设度假租金更便宜)”，空格处应该和假设度假租金更便宜有关，G选项“Travelers often assume that a vacation rental will be more affordable than a hotel.(旅行者通常认为度假租房会比住酒店更实惠。)”说明了旅行者通常认为度假租房会比住酒店更实惠，和本段主题有关，符合语境。故选G。 5．空前“Remember, travel is about enjoying new places, not matching fancy social media posts.(记住，旅行是为了享受新的地方，而不是为了迎合社交媒体上那些花哨的帖子。)”说明了旅行是为了享受新的地方，而不是为了迎合社交媒体上那些花哨的帖子，空格处应该承接空前内容，说要理性地旅行，C选项“Travel smarter, not harder.(更聪明地旅行，而不是更难。)”说明了要更聪明地旅行，符合语境。故选C。 Passage 5 （23-24高一下·云南曲靖·期中） Can you imagine a civilization without music? Impossible, I would say. In addition, history shows that every culture on this planet has used music all the way. 1 . Music is good for your heart. They say that music is good for the soul, but what about the heart? 2 . Heart patients were observed at Massachusetts General Hospital. They were recovering from heart surgery. Some patients listened to Mozart’s piano sonatas for half an hour every day. These patients were the ones who had improved heart rates and lower blood pressure compared with those who never listened to any music at all. 3 . Patients suffering from pain have found relief from listening to music. Classical music seems to be the best choice and Mozart and Bach are the most suitable. But heavy metal and other techno sounds can actually excite patients and cause irregular heartbeats, so they are not recommended. Music may be useful in controlling overweight. Studies show that simply playing soft and relaxing music while eating can have a controlling effect on how full you feel. 4 . Music may help with memory and learning. There was a lot of publicity about the “Mozart Effect” which showed that a group of college students did better at math while they were listening to some classical music. 5 . A．Let us see how music affects us. B．The result is that you will eat less. C．Some students find that music can aid concentration, while others need silence. D．There are lots of experiments which are more or less impressive on the benefits of music when treating illness. E．Heavy metal music have no effect on easing pain. F．Let us look at the actual health benefits now. G．Music can help with pain relief. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．C 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了音乐在促进健康方面的积极作用，例如促进心脏健康、疼痛缓解、体重控制等。 1．根据上文的“Can you imagine a civilization without music? Impossible, I would say. In addition, history shows that every culture on this planet has used music all the way.(你能想象一个没有音乐的文明吗？我想说，不可能。此外，历史表明，这个星球上的每一种文化都一直在使用音乐。)”可知，F项(现在让我们看看实际的健康益处。)承接上文，说明了音乐之所以广泛被使用是因为它会给人们的健康带来好处，同时引出下文对具体益处的介绍，故选F项。 2．根据上文的“They say that music is good for the soul, but what about the heart?(他们都说音乐对心灵有好处，但是对心脏有什么好处呢？)”和下文的“Heart patients were observed at Massachusetts General Hospital. They were recovering from heart surgery. Some patients listened to Mozart’s piano sonatas for half an hour every day. These patients were the ones who had improved heart rates and lower blood pressure compared with those who never listened to any music at all.(在马萨诸塞州总医院观察心脏病患者。他们正在从心脏手术中恢复。有些病人每天听莫扎特的钢琴奏鸣曲半小时。与那些从未听过任何音乐的人相比，这些患者的心率有所提高，血压也有所降低。)”可知，D项(许多实验或多或少都令人印象深刻地说明了音乐在治疗疾病方面的好处。)承接上文，回答了上文的问题，即对心脏是有好处的，下文具体解释了有什么好处。故选D项。 3．根据下文的“Patients suffering from pain have found relief from listening to music. Classical music seems to be the best choice and Mozart and Bach are the most suitable. But heavy metal and other techno sounds can actually excite patients and cause irregular heartbeats, so they are not recommended. Music may be useful in controlling overweight.(患有疼痛的病人通过听音乐得到了缓解。古典音乐似乎是最好的选择，莫扎特和巴赫是最合适的。但重金属和其他电子音乐实际上会使患者兴奋，导致心律不齐，所以不建议使用。)”可知，本段主要讲述了某些音乐是可以缓解身体的疼痛的，因此G项(音乐可以帮助缓解疼痛。)可以概括段落内容，作为段落标题。故选G项。 4．根据本段标题“(音乐可能有助于控制超重。)”和上文的“Studies show that simply playing soft and relaxing music while eating can have a controlling effect on how full you feel.(研究表明，吃饭时播放柔和放松的音乐可以控制你的饱腹感。)”可知，B项(结果是你会吃得更少。)承接上文，具体指出了音乐是如何控制体重的，并与标题相符合。故选B项。 5．根据上文的“There was a lot of publicity about the “Mozart Effect” which showed that a group of college students did better at math while they were listening to some classical music.(有很多关于“莫扎特效应”的宣传，它展示了一群大学生在听古典音乐时数学成绩更好。)”可知，C项(一些学生发现这种音乐有助于集中注意力，而另一些学生则需要安静。)承接上文，指出了音乐对不同学生产生的影响，即音乐对于有些学生起到了积极的作用，而有些学生则需要安静。故选C项。 Passage 6 （23-24高一下·云南曲靖·期中） How to Express Thanks to Loved Ones You may feel grateful to your family and friends, but it may not always be easy for you to know how to express that. To truly express your gratitude (感激), you have to be kind and open. 1 . Tell them how much you thank them. You may be taking your family members for granted (想当然) without even realizing it. 2 , remember to tell them that you love them every single day, and to show that you thank them for all of the love, food, help and any other offerings they have given you. Write “thank-you” cards. 3 . You can give “thank-you” cards to whoever has influenced your life in a positive way. You can write these cards to your best friend, and you don’t need to wait for a special occasion to send one along, either. 4 . It is good to than k a person in front of other people. Don’t do this in a way that makes the person embarrassed (尴尬的), but make it clear how much the person means to you. Just a few sentences at work or at a small gathering of friends can make a person feel even more special about his or her role in your life. Do favors for them. Don’t do favors for your friends just because they’ve helped you out recently or because you want something in return. 5 . This can mean picking up coffee or lunch when they’re busy or finding another small way to make a big difference in your friends’ life. A．Give meaningful gifts B．Thank the person publicly C．When they face troubles and need some help D．It’s one of the easiest ways to show your gratitude E．Remember that a more grateful life is a happier life F．To show how much your family members mean to you G．Instead, help them out just because you care about them 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．D 4．B 5．G 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一些向你所爱的人表达感激之情的方法。 1．根据前文“You may feel grateful to your family and friends, but it may not always be easy for you to know how to express that. To truly express your gratitude (感激), you have to be kind and open.(你可能会感激你的家人和朋友，但你可能并不总是很容易知道如何表达这种感激。要真正表达你的感激之情，你必须友善、坦诚)”可知，E项“Remember that a more grateful life is a happier life(记住，感恩的生活是幸福的生活)”是对前文的总结，点出本文主题，并引出下文。故选E项。 2．根据前文“Tell them how much you thank them. You may be taking your family members for granted (想当然) without even realizing it.(告诉他们你有多感谢他们。你可能在没有意识到的情况下把家人的存在视为理所当然)”可知，本段主要讲述了告诉家人你有多感谢他们，再根据后文“remember to tell them that you love them every single day, and to show that you thank them for all of the love, food, help and any other offerings they have given you.(记得告诉他们你每天都爱他们，并感谢他们给你的爱、食物、帮助和其他任何东西)”可知，F项“To show how much your family members mean to you(为了表明你的家人对你有多重要)”是对后文的原因，承接上文，符合本段主题。故选F项。 3．根据前文“Write “thank-you” cards.(写感谢卡)”可知，D项“It’s one of the easiest ways to show your gratitude(这是表达感激之情最简单的方式之一)”是对前文的进一步解释，符合本段主题。故选D项。 4．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“It is good to than k a person in front of other people. Don’t do this in a way that makes the person embarrassed (尴尬的), but make it clear how much the person means to you. Just a few sentences at work or at a small gathering of friends can make a person feel even more special about his or her role in your life.(在别人面前夸一个人是件好事。不要让对方感到尴尬，但要让对方清楚地知道这个人对你有多重要。在工作或朋友聚会上说几句话就能让一个人对他或她在你生活中的角色感到更加特别)”可知，本段主要讲述了，在他人面前对爱的人表示感谢，所以B项“Thank the person publicly(公开感谢对方)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选B项。 5．根据前文“Do favors for them. Don’t do favors for your friends just because they’ve helped you out recently or because you want something in return.(为他们做点好事。不要因为朋友最近帮过你，或者你想要回报，就帮他们的忙)”可知，G项“Instead, help them out just because you care about them(相反，帮助他们只是因为你关心他们)”承接上文，和上文构成转折关系，符合本段主题。故选G项。 Passage 7 （24-25高一下·云南马关·期中） How to Make Your Clothes Last Longer We have to throw out some clothes that we love just because we’ve not taken good care of them. Four top tips can help you make your clothes last longer. 1 ●Reduce the times you wash your clothes. Washing your clothes less doesn’t mean wearing the same T-shirt tor a week. You can wear clothes like jeans and jumpers at least three times before washing. The exception, of course, is clothes worn for the gym. Besides, if you don’t wear clothes next to your skin, air them after wearing. 2 If they seem fine, you can wear them another day. ●Wash, our clothes inside out. 3 As the machine spins (旋转) the clothes around, they must each other. Turning your clothes inside out reduces wear on the outside surface of your clothes: This can help keep them from damage. ●Air your clothes dry if possible. Drying your clothes on a line is good for both your clothes and he environment. 4 When possible, just use the dryer at a low temperature. ● 5 Rather than throw something out because of a small hole or tear. Knowing how to use a needle and thread (线) and a few basic repairing techniques can be friendly to your clothes and your pocket. If the work is beyond your skills, you can find repair places nearby your houses. A．Hang your jumpers on the clothes line. B．Fixing your clothes is a wise alternative. C．Use an app to find places for clothes repair. D．Simply check your clothes for any spots or marks. E．Your clothes are usually beaten hard during the wash. F．In the meantime, it can also reduce the expense of the electricity. G．They can also help save both your money and our environment definitely. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．E 4．F 5．B 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了让衣服更耐穿的四个建议。 1．根据上文“We have to throw out some clothes that we love just because we’ve not taken good care of them. Four top tips can help you make your clothes last longer.(我们不得不扔掉一些我们喜欢的衣服，只是因为我们没有好好爱护它们。四个小贴士可以让你的衣服更耐穿)”可知，本句承接上文，说明这些建议的好处。故G选项“它们还可以帮助省钱和挽救环境”符合语境，故选G。 2．根据上文“Besides, if you don’t wear clothes next to your skin, air them after wearing.(此外，如果你不穿贴身的衣服，穿完后晾晒)”以及后文“If they seem fine, you can wear them another day.(如果看起来不错，你可以改天再穿)”可知，后文提到了看起来不错可以改天再穿，可知本句是在说明衣服看起来有问题的情况。故D选项“简单地检查你的衣服上有没有斑点或痕迹”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据后文“As the machine spins (旋转) the clothes around, they must each other. Turning your clothes inside out reduces wear on the outside surface of your clothes: This can help keep them from damage.(当机器旋转衣服时，它们必须互相啮合。把衣服里里外外翻过来可以减少衣服外表面的磨损，这样可以防止衣服损坏)”可知，本句主要说明衣服翻转过来的原因。故E选项“你的衣服通常在洗的时候被拍打得很用力”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据上文“●Air your clothes dry if possible. Drying your clothes on a line is good for both your clothes and he environment.(如果可能的话，把衣服晾干。用绳子晒衣服对你的衣服和环境都有好处)”可知，本句承接上文，说明用绳子晾衣服的好处。故F选项“同时，还可以降低电费”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据后文“Rather than throw something out because of a small hole or tear. Knowing how to use a needle and thread (线) and a few basic repairing techniques can be friendly to your clothes and your pocket. If the work is beyond your skills, you can find repair places nearby your houses.(不要因为一个小洞或撕裂就把衣服扔出去。知道如何使用针线和一些基本的修补技术可以对你的衣服和口袋友好。如果工作超出了你的技能范围，你可以在你家附近找修理的地方)”可知，本段的建议是修补衣服，B选项中Fixing对应后文repairing，故B选项“修理你的衣服是一个明智的选择”符合语境，故选B。 Passage 8 （24-25高一下·云南开远·期中） Since children learn many things from watching, you should be very careful when and how you teach them about table manners (礼仪). 1 , table manners must be part of their daily rules. Here are manners important for your children to know and tips on how to teach them in a simple way. Washing Up Everyone knows that kids will touch and try to eat everything they can 2 : They must wash their hands and faces before coming to the table. Cleanliness and presentation are important parts of every meal. Waiting for Everyone It’s only polite to wait for everyone to sit down before you start eating, and kids need to learn this skill early on 3 , but showing them the importance of waiting for others is a skill that carries over into their regular life as well. Passing Plates 4 . Even though they may not be able to actually reach for something, children will stand up and catch what they want. During these moments, remind them to ask for help or request that someone pass them the serving bowls and plates with the food they want. Using the Magic Words That they’re young doesn’t mean your kids shouldn’t already know how to say please and thank you. If they already know how to talk, these words are necessary 5 . Basic manners are a matter of practice for anyone, especially children. So, you’ll want to start teaching them suitable table manners as early as possible. A．Ask them to finish eating before speaking up B．Even when they seem too young to understand them C．Teach them that when it comes time to eat real food D．It can be challenging for them to control themselves E．While your children may not learn as quickly as you might want them to F．Many times you’ll set a family-style table with dishes organized in the centre G．Showing by using these words yourself is the best way to get them to use them as well 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．F 5．G 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述如何让孩子掌握餐桌礼仪。 1．根据上文“Since children learn many things from watching, you should be very careful when and how you teach them about table manners (礼仪).(因为孩子们从观看中学到很多东西，你应该非常小心何时以及如何教他们餐桌礼仪)”以及后文“table manners must be part of their daily rules. Here are manners important for your children to know and tips on how to teach them in a simple way.(餐桌礼仪必须成为他们日常生活的一部分。这里有一些对你的孩子来说很重要的礼仪，以及如何用简单的方式教他们的建议)”可知，上文提到了要教孩子餐桌礼仪，且后文提到了餐桌礼仪必须成为他们日常生活的一部分，可知本句是在说明教授餐桌礼仪时对孩子的要求，故B项“即使他们看起来太小，听不懂”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据上文“Everyone knows that kids will touch and try to eat everything they can(每个人都知道孩子们会触摸并尝试吃任何他们能吃的东西)”以及后文“They must wash their hands and faces before coming to the table.(他们在进餐前必须洗手和洗脸)”可知，本句是在说明教授餐桌礼仪的时间是在吃东西的时候。故C项“当需要吃真正的食物时，教他们”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据后文“but showing them the importance of waiting for others is a skill that carries over into their regular life as well.(但向他们展示等待他人的重要性也是一种延续到他们日常生活中的技能)”可知，此处前后含转折关系，指出要求孩子等待他人所面临的困难。故D选项“对他们来说控制自己是一项挑战”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据下一句“Even though they may not be able to actually reach for something, children will stand up and catch what they want.(即使他们可能无法真正够到东西，孩子们也会站起来抓住他们想要的东西)”可知，此处是阐述孩子们会站起来获取他们想要的食物的原因。故F项“很多时候，你会摆一张家庭式的桌子，把菜放在中间”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据小标题“Using the Magic Words(使用神奇的词语)”和上文“That they’re young doesn’t mean your kids shouldn’t already know how to say please and thank you. If they already know how to talk, these words are necessary(孩子还小并不意味着他们不应该知道如何说“请”和“谢谢”。如果他们已经知道如何说话，这些话是必要的)”可知，此处是阐述如何做到让孩子学会说“请”和“谢谢”等话语。故G选项“自己用这些词来表现是让他们也使用这些词的最好方法”符合语境。故选G。 Passage 9 （23-24高一下·云南昭通·期中） How satisfied are you with your life? How good do you feel every day? Your answers to those two questions can show how happy you are. It’s true that your happiness is partly affected by your genes. 1 According to experts, happiness is a choice. It’s something that you can develop with continuing practice. Following these tried-and-true tips can help you find happiness. Be kind to yourself. Don’t compare yourself to others. Everyone has different talents and abilities. It’s OK that you’re not like someone else. Comparison has been called “the thief of joy”. In addition, forgive yourself often. 2 . Take breaks from social media. 3 Yet much of what appears on social media is not real. Many people compare themselves with those images, resulting in feelings of discouragement. 4 . Spending time with people you love and that love you is necessary for building strong connections and developing a sense of belonging. By devoting time and attention to those who matter most to you, you can create lasting memories, deepen understanding, and strengthen bonds with each other happily. Get outside for exercise. Nature helps to reduce stress. Exercise and put your health in the first place. 5 Just going on a walk can make a difference. Limit time you spend on news. Stay aware of recent events. But don’t spend hours consuming news, which usually includes negative stories and events. Since happiness is a choice, why not choose it? Life will look brighter filled with love and joy! A．You are not perfect. B．Invest in your relationships. C．Determine happiness through actions. D．You could perhaps lead a happier life and feel more satisfied. E．But even if you’re not usually a happy person, you can change that. F．People who get up and move are usually happier than those who don’t. G．The Internet is full of people who look beautiful and seem to lead exciting lives. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．B 5．F 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是说明文。介绍了几条帮助你找到幸福的建议。 1．根据前文“It’s true that your happiness is partly affected by your genes. (的确，你的快乐程度在一定程度上受到基因的影响。)”以及后文“According to experts, happiness is a choice. It’s something that you can develop with continuing practice. (专家表示，幸福是一种选择。这是你可以通过持续的练习来培养的。)”可知，前文讲述快乐程度在一定程度上受到基因的影响，后文提到幸福可以通过持续的练习来培养，所以空处应是一个过渡句，和前文构成转折关系，所以E项“But even if you’re not usually a happy person, you can change that. (但即使你通常不是一个快乐的人，你也可以改变它。)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文。故选E项。 2．根据前文“Don’t compare yourself to others. Everyone has different talents and abilities. It’s OK that you’re not like someone else. Comparison has been called “ the thief of joy”. In addition, forgive yourself often. (不要拿自己和别人比较。每个人都有不同的天赋和能力。你和别人不一样没关系。攀比被称为“快乐的窃贼”。另外，经常原谅自己。)”可知，A项“You are not perfect. (你并不完美)”是对前文的解释，符合文意。故选A项。 3．根据本段小标题“Take breaks from social media. (暂时离开社交媒体。)”可知，本段主要讲述离开社交媒体会让你幸福，以及后文“Yet much of what appears on social media is not real. Many people compare themselves with those images, resulting in feelings of discouragement. (然而，社交媒体上出现的很多内容都不是真实的。许多人将自己与这些形象进行比较，从而产生气馁的感觉。)”可知，G项“The Internet is full of people who look beautiful and seem to lead exciting lives. (互联网上到处都是看起来很漂亮，似乎过着令人兴奋的生活的人。)”符合本段主题，且和后文构成转折关系，符合文意。故选G项。 4．分析设空，为本段小标题，根据后文“Spending time with people you love and that love you is necessary for building strong connections and developing a sense of belonging. By devoting time and attention to those who matter most to you, you can create lasting memories, deepen understanding, and strengthen bonds with each other happily. (花时间与你爱的人和爱你的人在一起，对于建立牢固的联系和发展归属感是必要的。把时间和精力花在那些对你来说最重要的人身上，你可以创造持久的记忆，加深理解，并加强彼此之间快乐的联系。)”可知，本段主要讲述了花时间与你爱的人和爱你的人在一起，所以B项“Invest in your relationships. (投资于你的人际关系。)”符合本段主题，为本段小标题。故选B项。 5．根据本段小标题“Get outside for exercise.(到户外锻炼。)”可知，本段主要讲述锻炼会给人幸福感，所以F项“People who get up and move are usually happier than those who don’t. (站起来动一动的人通常比不动的人更快乐。)”符合本段主题。故选F项。 主题02 人与社会——文化差异、历史发展、文化遗产 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·云南保山·期中） Protecting Cultural Heritage Cultural heritage, whether it is ancient buildings, traditional festivals, or unique handicrafts, is of great significance to a nation or a community. 1 It is not only a symbol of our history but also a source of our cultural identity. However, cultural heritage is facing various threats today. Here are some effective ways to protect it. 2 Laws can set clear rules and regulations to govern the activities related to cultural heritage. For example, laws can prevent the unauthorized demolition of historical buildings and the illegal trade of cultural relics. Without proper laws, cultural heritage may be easily damaged or lost. Governments around the world should attach great importance to formulating and improving relevant laws. Raising public awareness is another key aspect. Many people may not fully understand the value of cultural heritage. 3 They might think these old-fashioned things have no connection with modern life. Through educational programs in schools and public campaigns, we can let people know that cultural heritage is the root of a nation and is closely related to our daily lives. International cooperation also plays a vital role. Cultural heritage is a global treasure, and the damage to it in any part of the world is a loss for all of humanity. 4 Different countries can share their experiences and technologies in protecting cultural heritage. For instance, when a natural disaster occurs in a country and damages its cultural heritage sites, other countries can offer help and support. In conclusion, protecting cultural heritage requires the joint efforts of everyone. 5 A．Establishing legal protection is essential. B．We should respect different cultural heritages. C．Cultural heritage protection needs enough funds. D．As a result, they may not take action to protect it. E．It reflects the wisdom and creativity of our ancestors. F．Therefore, countries should work together to safeguard it. G．By taking actions in many ways, we can achieve this goal. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．G 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了文化遗产的重要性及如何保护文化遗产。 1．前文“Cultural heritage, whether it is ancient buildings, traditional festivals, or unique handicrafts, is of great significance to a nation or a community. (文化遗产，无论是古建筑、传统节日还是独特手工艺品，对一个民族或社群都具有重大意义)”指出文化遗产对民族或社群意义重大，后文“It is not only a symbol of our history but also a source of our cultural identity. (它不仅是历史的象征，更是我们文化认同的源泉)”强调它在历史和文化层面的作用，因此E项“It reflects the wisdom and creativity of our ancestors. (它反映了我们祖先的智慧和创造力)”符合语境，进一步解释文化遗产意义重大的原因，承前启后，其中的It指代前文的Cultural heritage。故选E。 2．后文“Laws can set clear rules and regulations to govern the activities related to cultural heritage. For example, laws can prevent the unauthorized demolition of historical buildings and the illegal trade of cultural relics. (法律能够制定明确的规章制度来规范与文化遗产相关的活动。例如，法律可以防止历史建筑被擅自拆除，以及遏制文物的非法交易)”围绕法律对文化遗产保护的作用展开，如防止非法拆除建筑和文物交易等，此空位在段首，为段落主旨句，因此A项“Establishing legal protection is essential. (建立法律保护至关重要)”符合语境，建议建立法律保护文化遗产，契合段落内容，其中的legal和后文的Laws呼应。故选A。 3．前文“Many people may not fully understand the value of cultural heritage. (许多人可能并未充分认识到文化遗产的价值)”提到公众意识的问题，后文“Through educational programs in schools and public campaigns, we can let people know that cultural heritage is the root of a nation and is closely related to our daily lives. (通过学校教育和公众宣传活动，我们可以让人们认识到：文化遗产是民族之根，与我们的日常生活息息相关)”说明要通过教育和宣传让人们了解文化遗产与生活的关联，因此D项“As a result, they may not take action to protect it. (因此，他们可能不会主动去保护它)”符合语境，与前文构成因果关系，引出后文提高公众意识的内容。故选D。 4．前文“Cultural heritage is a global treasure, and the damage to it in any part of the world is a loss for all of humanity. (文化遗产是全人类的瑰宝，世界任何地区对其造成的破坏都是全人类的损失)”指出文化遗产对全人类的重要性，后文“Different countries can share their experiences and technologies in protecting cultural heritage. For instance, when a natural disaster occurs in a country and damages its cultural heritage sites, other countries can offer help and support. (各国可以分享文化遗产保护的经验与技术。例如，当某国因自然灾害导致文化遗产受损时，其他国家可及时提供援助与支持)”举例说明各国在保护文化遗产方面可以合作，因此F项“Therefore, countries should work together to safeguard it. (因此，各国应该共同努力来保护它)”符合语境，与前文构成因果关系，引出后文国际合作的具体例子。故选F。 5．前文“In conclusion, protecting cultural heritage requires the joint efforts of everyone. (综上所述，保护文化遗产需要每个人的共同努力)”强调保护文化遗产需要各方共同努力，因此G项“By taking actions in many ways, we can achieve this goal. (通过从多个方面采取行动，我们可以实现这个目标)”符合语境，是对前文内容的总结。故选G。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·云南昭通·期中） Customs on Either Side of the Atlantic We all know that Britain and the US are two countries connected by a common language. But in fact, 1 , as BBC did in a recent story called 8 Situations When Britons Behave Differently From Americans. Below Teens has picked out four for you. Take a look. When someone knocks into you. If someone bumps into an American, the victim (受害人) will most likely look at the person and expect an apology. If however, 3 . Chances are that the victim will say “sorry” before the other can make his or her own apology. 3 . Britons don’t all change into evening dress for supper like what you may have seen in popular TV shows like Downton Abbey. But they do tend to make an effort when going out for dinner somewhere nice. Americans, however, will probably wear a casual shirt. When you don’t finish your food. When dining out at a restaurant, 4 . They think the food is somehow “tainted” once they’ve touched it with a knife and fork. In the US, wrapping it up to take home is a standard practice. When you get into a taxi. Britons will give the cab driver an address, then think that’s it for the interaction until it’s time to pay. Even if they’re being taken in a roundabout (迂回的；绕远的) way, 5 . In the US, however, most passengers think nothing of telling the driver what route to take after telling him or her the destination. A．the victim happens to be British B．When you get dressed for dinner C．When you go out with your friends D．they’re very unlikely to say anything E．the differences are more fun to observe F．they will point it out immediately and politely G．Britons wouldn’t think to take the leftovers home 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．B 4．G 5．D 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了大西洋两岸（英国和美国）在一些日常情境中的不同习俗，具体包括被人撞到、外出就餐穿着、吃不完食物以及乘坐出租车时的不同表现。 1．根据上文“We all know that Britain and the US are two countries connected by a common language. But in fact (我们都知道英国和美国是由同一种语言联系起来的两个国家。但事实上)”以及下文“as BBC did in a recent story called 8 Situations When Britons Behave Differently From Americans.(就像英国广播公司在最近一个名为《英国人与美国人行为不同的8种情况》的报道中所做的那样)”可知，此处应该引出英美之间存在不同习俗这一话题，E选项“这些差异观察起来更有趣”符合语境，能起到承上启下的作用。故选E。 2．根据上文“If someone bumps into an American, the victim (受害人) will most likely look at the person and expect an apology.(如果有人撞到了一个美国人，受害者很可能会看着那个人并期待一个道歉)”以及下文“Chances are that the victim will say “sorry” before the other can make his or her own apology. (很有可能受害者会在对方道歉之前先说 “对不起”)”可知，此处是说当被撞的人是英国人时的情况，A选项“受害者碰巧是英国人”符合语境，与上文形成对比。故选A。 3．根据下文“Britons don’t all change into evening dress for supper like what you may have seen in popular TV shows like Downton Abbey. But they do tend to make an effort when going out for dinner somewhere nice. Americans, however, will probably wear a casual shirt.(英国人并不都像你在《唐顿庄园》这样的流行电视节目中看到的那样，为了吃晚餐而换上晚礼服。但当他们去一个不错的地方吃晚餐时，他们确实会努力打扮一番。然而，美国人可能会穿一件休闲衬衫)”可知，此段主要讲的是英美两国人在外出就餐时的穿着情况，B选项“当你为晚餐穿衣服时”符合此段主旨，可作为小标题。故选B。 4．根据下文“They think the food is somehow “tainted” once they’ve touched it with a knife and fork. In the US, wrapping it up to take home is a standard practice.(他们认为一旦他们用刀叉碰过食物，食物就不知怎么地“被污染”了。在美国，把食物打包带回家是一种常见的做法)”可知，此处说的是英国人对于吃不完食物的做法。G选项“英国人不会想到把剩菜带回家”符合语境，与下文形成对比。故选G。 5．根据上文“Britons will give the cab driver an address, then think that’s it for the interaction until it’s time to pay. Even if they’re being taken in a roundabout (迂回的；绕远的) way (英国人会给出租车司机一个地址，然后认为在该付钱之前就只有这些交流了。即使他们被绕远路了)”以及下文“In the US, however, most passengers think nothing of telling the driver what route to take after telling him or her the destination.(然而，在美国，大多数乘客在告诉司机目的地后，会毫不犹豫地告诉司机该走哪条路线)”可知，此处说的是英国人即使被绕远路也不会说什么，D选项“他们很不太可能说什么”符合语境，与下文形成对比。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·云南曲靖·期中） China has been the birthplace of many of the world’s greatest inventions. It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money. 1 During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes. This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering (易货贸易). 2 In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells as money. Usually, the shells used as money were very small. This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances, and allowed for trade to develop between different parts of the country. In the years which followed this invention, many other countries around the world began to do the same. 3 The next development was in 1000 BC, when China started making bronze and copper shells. It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal. 4 By 500 BC, metal coins had begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece, and later in the Roman Empire. About 1,000 years later, leather was used as money in China. 5 It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe. A．As time went by, trade between countries increased. B．People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs. C．They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling. D．However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical. E．The first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together. F．And in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people. G．Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used different kinds of things for buying and selling. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．C 4．E 5．F 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了中国是世界上许多伟大发明的发源地，并详细介绍了中国货币的发展历程。 1．根据上文的“It was, for example, the first country to produce paper money.(例如，它是第一个生产纸币的国家。)”和下文“During that time, for example, buying a chicken might cost several potatoes. This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering.(例如，在那段时间里，买一只鸡可能需要几个土豆。这种用商品和服务交换其他商品和服务的方式叫做易货贸易。)”可知，空处应该描述在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们是如何进行交易的。G选项“Before the invention of paper money and coins, people used different kinds of things for buying and selling.(在纸币和硬币发明之前，人们用不同种类的东西进行买卖。)”符合语境。故选G。 2．根据第一段的“This exchange of goods and services for other goods and services is called bartering.(这种用商品和服务交换其他商品和服务的方式叫做易货贸易。)”和下文“In 1200 BC, people in China began to use shells as money.(公元前1200年，中国人开始使用贝壳作为货币。)”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，应该描述易货贸易存在的问题，从而引出货币的发明。D选项“However, as economies developed, such exchanges became impractical.(然而，随着经济的发展，这种交换变得不切实际。)”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据上文的“In the years which followed this invention, many other countries around the world began to do the same.(在这一发明之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做。)”可知，空处应该描述其他国家是如何模仿中国使用贝壳作为货币的。C选项“They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.(他们也用小贝壳作为买卖的货币。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”，指代上文的“many other countries”。故选C。 4．根据上文的“It wasn’t long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal.(不久之后，中国人就用金属制造出了圆形硬币。)”可知，空处应该描述这种圆形硬币的特点或用途。E选项“The first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.(第一批硬币上通常有洞，这样人们就可以把它们串在一起。)”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据上文的“About 1,000 years later, leather was used as money in China.(大约1000年后，皮革在中国被用作货币。)”和下文的“It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.(纸币在欧洲出现还需要很多年。)”可知，空处应该描述中国在皮革作为货币之后，又发明了哪种货币。F选项“And in 806 AD, the first paper banknotes were produced by the Chinese people.(公元806年，中国人制造了第一批纸币。)”符合语境。故选F。 Passage 4 （23-24高一下·云南昆明·期中） It’s common to see a barista (咖啡师) create coffee art, but it’s different from doing the same thing with tea. Creating tea art in cups, or “dian cha” in Chinese, improves the taste of tea. 1 The difference is that it is made of tea rather than milk. Chinese tea culture started to be popular during the Tang Dynasty and developed rapidly throughout the Song Dynasty. Different from the way of brewing (酿造) tea during the Tang period, in the Song Dynasty, the popular way of having tea was through “dian cha”. In the eyes of people of that time, good tea should be white and fine. 2 The process begins with hot water being poured over fine powdered (粉末状的) tea creating a paste. Then more hot water is slowly added as the tea is continually stirred by hand with a bamboo stiek. 3 That is where the name “dian cha” comes. The key is to practice cooperation between the wrist (手腕) and the arm. It usually requires stirring the mixture between 180 and 200 times before the water and the tea are fully combined and the foam (泡沫) appears. Then, one can feel free; to make artistic designs in the foam with the tea paste. 4 To lengthen its life, it’s advisable to take a photo. 5 It takes a year of practice, through trial and error, for one to achieve such proficiency (熟练度). A．The action of pouring hot water is called dian. B．It is similar to the foam on top of a cup of coffee. C．However, the design on tea foam will only last for up to an hour. D．Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes E．The ideal state is when the tea temperature is around 40℃, ready to be tasted. F．The better the tea, the whiter it should be, and the longer the foam should last. G．The patterns created on the tea foams are often poems, calligraphy and paintings. 【答案】1．B 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．D 【难度】0.65 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了茶艺制作的过程。 1．由上文“It’s common to see a barista (咖啡师) create coffee art, but it’s different from doing the same thing with tea. Creating tea art in cups, or “dian cha” in Chinese, improves the taste of tea. (咖啡师创造咖啡艺术是很常见的，但用茶做同样的事情是完全不同的。在杯子中创造茶艺，或中国的点茶，提高了茶的味道。)”提出除了咖啡艺术，还有茶艺，本空要继续描述茶艺，选项B“It is similar to the foam on top of a cup of coffee. (它类似于一杯咖啡上面的泡沫。)”能承接上文，介绍茶艺的特点，引出下文“The difference is that it is made of tea rather than milk. (不同的是它是由茶而不是牛奶制成的。)”说明艺类似于咖啡上的泡沫，只是材料不同。选项中It指上文中tea art，语义通顺。故选B项。 2．由上文“In the eyes of people of that time, good tea should be white and fine. (在那个时代的人眼里，好茶应该是白的、细的。)”说明好茶白而细，本空继续说好茶的特点，选项F“The better the tea, the whiter it should be, and the longer the foam should last. (茶越好，越白，泡沫持续的时间越长。)”承接上文，说明茶越好，就越白。选项中The better、the whiter和上文中good、white语义一致。故选F项。 3．由下文“That is where the name “dian cha” comes. (这就是“点茶”这个名字的由来。)”介绍做茶艺的过程中的“点茶”，本空也与“点茶”有关，选项A“The action of pouring hot water is called dian. (倒热水的动作叫“点”。)”能引起下文，说明做茶艺的过程。故选A项。 4．由上文“It usually requires stirring the mixture between 180 and 200 times before the water and the tea are fully combined and the foam (泡沫) appears. Then, one can feel free; to make artistic designs in the foam with the tea paste. (通常需要搅拌180到200次，水和茶才能完全混合，出现泡沫。然后，一个人可以感到自由；用茶糊在泡沫中做出艺术图案。)”和下文“To lengthen its life, it’s advisable to take a photo.(为了延长它的寿命，最好是拍张照片。)”可知，茶泡的时间不长，选项C“However, the design on tea foam will only last for up to an hour. (然而，茶泡的设计只会持续一个小时。)”能承上启下，说明茶泡的设计所用时长。故选C项。 5．由下文“It takes a year of practice, through trial and error, for one to achieve such proficiency (熟练度) (要达到这样的熟练程度，需要一年的练习，反复试验。)”本空要说跟“熟练”有关的话题，选项D“Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes (通常，整个过程必须在10分钟内完成)”能引起下文。故选D项。 主题03 人与自然——环境保护、自然遗产、户外体验 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·云南·期中） Founded in 1965, the Mountain Bothy (小屋) Association (MBA) is a registered charity that maintains “simple shelters in remote country for the use of all who love wild and lonely places”. The organization manages more than 100 bothies in Scotland, Wales and Northern England. The system is simple. 1 . They can’t be booked in advance. As long as you follow the MBA’s Bothy Code (行为规范), which is based on respect for other users, the bothy and the surroundings, you’re welcome. 2 Although the grid (坐标) references are available online, don’t count on phone signal when looking for them. And even with a well-marked map, it is difficult to find them. Every bothy is an adapted building with a previous life. 3 . In the early 20th century, hill farming declined and fewer and fewer people lived in remote locations, leaving many buildings abandoned. After World War II, hiking and mountaineering as leisure pursuits dramatically increased in popularity and those exploring the outdoors began using these abandoned buildings as shelters. The MBA was created by Bernard Heath and a group of friends. 4 . Although they’re maintained, bothies are by no means luxurious. You won’t find electricity or running water and will be lucky to have a long-drop toilet. Most will have a stove, but there may be no fuel supply. 5 , so you should pack as if you’re camping, including a tent if the bothy is overcrowded or you don’t fancy the company. A．That is if you can find them B．Your comforts are carried in C．This depends on your budget D．They made a lot of friends in the shelters E．Bothies are free to use and open to anyone F．It aimed to restore and maintain them for like-minded individuals G．Most are old shepherds’ huts, farmhouses or workers’ accommodation 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．G 4．F 5．B 【难度】0.85 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了山地小屋协会及其管理的小屋的相关情况。 1．由上文“The system is simple. (这个体系很简单。)”及下文“They can’t be booked in advance. As long as you follow the MBA’s Bothy Code (行为规范), which is based on respect for other users, the bothy and the surroundings, you’re welcome. (它们不能提前预订。只要你遵守山地小屋协会基于对其他使用者、小屋及周围环境尊重的行为规范，你就受欢迎。)”可知，本空应阐述小屋的使用规则，说明小屋对使用者的开放性。E选项“Bothies are free to use and open to anyone (小屋免费使用且对任何人开放)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。 2．由下文“Although the grid (坐标) references are available online, don’t count on phone signal when looking for them. And even with a well-marked map, it is difficult to find them. (尽管坐标参考可以在网上找到，但在寻找它们的时候不要指望有手机信号。而且即使有一张标记清晰的地图，也很难找到它们。)”可知，本空应强调寻找小屋。A选项“That is if you can find them (那就是如果你能找到它们的话)”能引出下文关于寻找小屋困难的描述，符合题意。故选A。 3．由上文“Every bothy is an adapted building with a previous life. (每个小屋都是一个经过改造的、有其过往历史的建筑。)”及下文“In the early 20th century, hill farming declined and fewer and fewer people lived in remote locations, leaving many buildings abandoned. (在 20 世纪早期，山地农耕衰落，越来越少的人居住在偏远地区，留下了许多废弃的建筑。)”可知，本空应进一步说明小屋以前的样子。G选项“Most are old shepherds’ huts, farmhouses or workers’ accommodation (大多数是旧的牧羊人的小屋、农舍或工人的住所)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 4．由上文“The MBA was created by Bernard Heath and a group of friends. (山地小屋协会是由伯纳德・希思和一群朋友创立的。)”可知，本空应说明该协会创立的目的。F选项“It aimed to restore and maintain them for like-minded individuals (它旨在为志同道合的人修复和维护这些小屋)”能承接上文，说明了协会的创立目的，符合题意。故选F。 5．由上文“Although they’re maintained, bothies are by no means luxurious. You won’t find electricity or running water and will be lucky to have a long-drop toilet. Most will have a stove, but there may be no fuel supply. (尽管它们得到了维护，但小屋绝谈不上豪华。你不会找到电或自来水，能有一个蹲式厕所就很幸运了。大多数会有一个炉子，但可能没有燃料供应。)”及下文“so you should pack as if you’re camping, including a tent if the bothy is overcrowded or you don’t fancy the company. (所以你应该像露营一样打包行李，如果小屋人满为患或者你不喜欢和别人共处，还包括带一个帐篷。)”可知，本空应说明在小屋中生活所需的舒适设施需要自己携带。B选项“Your comforts are carried in (你的舒适设施要自己带进去)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·云南昭通·期中） Tips for Using Less Plastic In today’s world, plastic pollution is a pressing environmental issue. Making small changes in our daily lives can significantly reduce our plastic consumption. Here are some practical tips to help you use less plastic. Carry Your Own Reusable Bags Gone are the days of relying on single-use plastic bags at the grocery store. 1 These bags are not only more durable but also come in various sizes and styles. For example, you can choose a large, sturdy bag for your weekly groceries or a smaller, foldable one for quick trips to the market. By using reusable bags, you can avoid the countless plastic bags that end up in landfills or oceans each year. 2 Every time you buy bottled water or coffee in a disposable cup, you contribute to plastic waste. Reusable water bottles and coffee cups are a simple and effective solution. Invest in a high-quality reusable water bottle made of stainless steel or glass. Not only will you save money in the long run, but you can also ensure that the water you drink is free from potential plastic contaminants. Say No to Straws 3 They are often used for just a few minutes but take hundreds of years to decompose. If you really need a straw, consider using a reusable one made of metal, bamboo, or silicone. These reusable straws can be easily cleaned and reused, and they come in fun colors and designs. You can even carry a portable straw with you when you’re out at restaurants or cafes. Buy in Bulk and Avoid Excessive Packaging When shopping, try to buy products in bulk whenever possible. 4 Many grocery stores now offer bulk sections where you can purchase items like grains, nuts, and dried fruits. Bring your own reusable containers to fill up, and you can avoid the unnecessary plastic packaging that often comes with pre-packaged items. Choose Plastic-Free Alternatives for Household Items There are many plastic-free alternatives available for common household items. For example, you can replace plastic toothbrushes with bamboo ones. For storing food, use glass containers with metal lids instead of plastic wrap or plastic storage bags. 5 A．Opt for reusable water bottles and coffee cups. B．Instead, keep a few reusable bags in your car or purse. C．They are convenient but cause a lot of environmental problems. D．This reduces the amount of packaging waste you generate. E．You can also recycle plastic items properly to reduce waste. F．Straws are among the most commonly used and littered plastic items. G．These substitutions can make a big difference in reducing your plastic footprint. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．F 4．D 5．G 【难度】0.65 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章围绕减少塑料使用这一主题，介绍了携带可重复使用袋子、使用可重复用水杯等一系列实用小贴士。 1．上文“Gone are the days of relying on single use plastic bags at the grocery store.(在杂货店依赖一次性塑料袋的日子已经一去不复返了)”表明不应再用一次性塑料袋。B选项“Instead, keep a few reusable bags in your car or purse.(相反，在你的车里或钱包里放几个可重复使用的袋子)”提出替代方案，与上文构成转折关系，且引出下文“These bags are not only more durable but also come in various sizes and styles.(这些包不仅更耐用，而且有各种尺寸和款式)”对可重复使用袋子优点的介绍。故选B项。 2．下文“Every time you buy bottled water or coffee in a disposable cup, you contribute to plastic waste. Reusable water bottles and coffee cups are a simple and effective solution.(每次你购买瓶装水或用一次性杯子喝咖啡时，你都在制造塑料垃圾。可重复使用的水瓶和咖啡杯是一个简单而有效的解决方案)”强调使用可重复使用的水瓶和咖啡杯来减少塑料垃圾。A选项“Opt for reusable water bottles and coffee cups.(选择可重复使用的水瓶和咖啡杯)”与下文内容一致，起到了总领该段的作用，适合作段首小标题。故选A项。 3．下文“They are often used for just a few minutes but take hundreds of years to decompose.(它们通常只使用几分钟，但需要数百年才能分解)”描述了某种物品使用时间短但分解时间长的特点。F选项“Straws are among the most commonly used and littered plastic items.(吸管是最常用且被随意丢弃的塑料制品之一)”引出了下文所描述的物品“吸管”，且与标题“Say No to Straws”相呼应。故选F项。 4．上文“When shopping, try to buy products in bulk whenever possible.(购物时，尽可能批量购买商品)”提出购物时应批量购买的建议。D选项“This reduces the amount of packaging waste you generate.(这减少了你产生的包装垃圾数量)”说明了批量购买的好处，与上文形成因果关系。故选D项。 5．上文“For example, you can replace plastic toothbrushes with bamboo ones. For storing food, use glass containers with metal lids instead of plastic wrap or plastic storage bags.(例如，你可以用竹牙刷代替塑料牙刷。储存食物时，使用带金属盖的玻璃容器而不是塑料保鲜膜或塑料储物袋)”列举了用无塑料替代品替换常见家用物品的例子。G选项“These substitutions can make a big difference in reducing your plastic footprint.(这些替换在减少你的塑料使用量方面会有很大的不同)”总结了这些替换的作用，与上文内容紧密相关。故选G项。 Passage 3 （23-24高一下·云南保山·期中） As we know, Shennongjia Forestry District was added to the United Nations World Heritage list on July 17, 2016. But there are so many important places not yet on this list. 1 . UNESCO awarded Shennongjia Forestry District this status because it meets two criteria required by the list. It contains a naturally-balanced environment. 2 . It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve. 3 . Firstly, Shennongjia is apparently one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world. The region rises from about 400 meters to over 3,000 meters above sea level, giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”. Secondly, it has incredible biodiversity. According to official statistics, over 3,000 plant species have been recorded there. This represents more than ten percent of China’s total floral richness. It is a challenge to look after so many species in freezing cold winter. Scientists walked in heavy snow to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey. 4 , the monkey’s population wouldn’t had doubled since the 1980s. Their number reached over 1,300 in 2015 and continued to grow. But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people. 5 . A local village is known for its home-made honey. What is special about the honey is that it is produced by the earliest species of Chinese bee. All of this explains why Shennongjia deserves its place on the UNESCO World Heritage List, as well as highlighting how understanding, awareness and hard work have contributed towards protecting a unique and wonderful part of our natural world. A．Although it was cold in the woods B．It allows various species to live and prosper C．You might think why Shennongjia was chosen D．If they hadn’t made efforts to save these monkeys E．They take things from nature without causing damage F．There are two main reasons for Shennongjia was chosen G．One interesting thing about Shennongjia is its legend of wild man 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．F 4．D 5．E 【难度】0.65 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍神农架被选入世界文化遗产名录的主要原因。 1．根据空前的“As we know, Shennongjia Forestry District was added to the United Nations World Heritage list on July 17, 2016. But there are so many important places not yet on this list.( 我们知道，神农架林区于2016年7月17日被列入联合国世界遗产名录。但是还有很多重要的地方还没有在这个名单上。)”可知，神农架林区被列入联合国世界遗产名录，结合下文中的“UNESCO awarded Shennongjia Forestry District this status because it meets two criteria required by the list. It contains a naturally-balanced environment.(联合国教科文组织授予神农架森林保护区这一称号，是因为它满足了名录所要求的两个标准。它包含一个自然平衡的环境。)”可知，第二段开始讲述的是神农架被授予森林保护区这一称号的原因，由此可知，此空处引出下文中解释神农架被授予森林保护区称号的原因，C选项“You might think why Shennongjia was chosen(你或许会想为什么选择了神农架)”作为过渡句，自然衔接第二段的内容，解释神农架被选入世界文化遗产名录的原因。故选C项。 2．根据空前“It contains a naturally-balanced environment.(它包含一个自然平衡的环境。)可知，神农架被授予森林保护区称号的原因是它含有一个自然平衡环境，结合空后的“It is also one of the rare locations in the world where scientists can observe in real time the ecological and biological processes that occur as the plants and animals develop and evolve.(它也是世界上为数不多的科学家可以实时观察动植物发展和进化过程的生态和生物过程的地点之一。)”可知，此空处应进一步阐述被授予森林保护区称号的原因，B选项“It allows various species to live and prosper(它使各种物种得以生存和繁荣)”讲述的是神农架使各种物种的一生存和繁荣，与空前和空后内容衔接。故选B项。 3．分析语篇，此空应为本段的主题句，结合空后的“Firstly, Shennongjia is apparently one of the most “complete” natural areas in the world. The region rises from about 400 meters to over 3, 000 meters above sea level, giving it the name the “Roof of Central China”. Secondly, it has incredible biodiversity. (首先，神农架显然是世界上最“完整”的自然区域之一。该地区海拔从400米左右上升到3000多米，因此被称为“华中屋脊”。其次，它拥有令人难以置信的生物多样性。)”可知，本段内容主要解释了被选入世界文化遗产名录的两个原因，F选项“There are two main reasons for Shennongjia was chosen(神农架被选入名录有两个主要的理由)”讲述的内容与空后的内容吻合，概括了本段的内容，作为本段的主旨句最为合适。故选F项。 4．根据空前的“It is a challenge to look after so many species in freezing cold winter. Scientists walked in heavy snow to supply food to the Golden Snub-nosed Monkey.(在寒冷的冬天照顾这么多的物种是一项挑战。科学家们在大雪中行走，为金丝猴提供食物。)”可知，本段的主题介绍的是在冬季照顾这么多物种是一种挑战，进而以照顾金丝猴为例做出解释，D选项“If they hadn’t made efforts to save these monkeys(如果他们没有努力拯救这些猴子)”讲述的内容与空前照顾猴子的事例吻合，且与空后的“the monkey’s population wouldn’t had doubled since the 1980s.(自20世纪80年代以来，猴子的数量不会翻倍。)”构成条件关系，符合语境。故选D项。 5．根据本段的主题句“But the most impressive aspect of Shennongjia is the local people.(但神农架最令人印象深刻的是当地的人民)”可知，本段讲述的是神农架地区的当地人民是最令人印象深刻的，结合空后的“A local village is known for its home-made honey.(当地一个村庄以自制蜂蜜而闻名。)”可知，此处举例说明当地人民的情况，所以，此空处应进一步介绍当地人民的相关情况，E选项“They take things from nature without causing damage(他们从自然中获取东西而不造成损害)”讲述的是当地人们在自然中获取东西但不对自然造成伤害，其中的they指代的为空前的the local people，符合语境。故选E项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $