Unit 6 Section Ⅳ “Developing ideas”的课文习读环节 课时跟踪检测-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第二册配套练习word（外研版）

Section Ⅳ　“Developing ideas”的课文习读环节 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A When Simon Cane was in the second grade, he began learning about all the ways humans have an impact on the environment and really took those classroom lessons to heart in a way that set him apart from his schoolmates at his elementary school, P．S.81, in the Bronx.“He told me we drove too much and made too much pollution，” his dad, Jonathan Cane, told Runner's World.So Simon convinced his parents to start hanging their clothes to dry, taking the stairs instead of elevators, and other “green” measures. “For much of kindergarten and first grade I rode my bike to Simon's school with him on the back，”Jonathan said.“We had a lot of fun being outdoors.We'd stop to give our dog treats and generally enjoyed it.” As Simon got bigger, though, it wasn't practical for him to ride on his father's back, but it also didn't make sense to ride together — both because of safety concerns and because there was no place to put away Simon's bike.So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school. But in 2019, when Simon was going into third grade, the 8-year-old came up with a new way to help the planet: running the 1.5 miles to P．S.81.And Jonathan promised his son he'd join him for as long as he wanted. “We did a test run one day in August, and decided to give it a go.To be honest, I thought he'd blink (眨眼) after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did，” Jonathan said.He recalled one day when the weather was particularly bad.“It's really raining out there today，” he told Simon.“And Simon said, ‘Well then we're going to get wet！’ He took pride in toughing it out, and it became a really fun family routine.” Since the start, Simon has run with his dad and their black dog, Lola, and has even inspired his mom, Nicole Sin Quee, to join in.They soon became known as “the family that runs to school”． 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个八岁的男孩Simon Cane为环保做出的实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学。 1．What makes Simon different from his classmates? A．Washing his clothes by himself. B．Taking many classes after school. C．Raising strange questions in class. D．Taking green measures to protect the environment. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句以及最后一句可知，当Simon Cane上二年级的时候，他开始学习人类对环境的所有影响，把那些课堂上所学的内容铭记于心，并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境，这使得他跟他的同学不同。 2．How did Simon usually go to school in second grade? A．By car.　　　　　 B．By cycling. C．By running. D．By school bus. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“So, most of the time they drove the 1.5 miles to school.”可知，二年级时 Simon Cane主要是坐车去上学。 3．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．Simon has trouble with his eyesight. B．Simon is really stubborn and inflexible. C．Simon is much tougher than expected. D．Simon didn't get support from his father. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“‘To be honest, I thought he'd blink (眨眼) after it got really cold or rainy, but he never did，’ Jonathan said.”可知，Simon Cane比预料的要坚强。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Best Way to Go to School B．Father and Son Run for the Environment C．A Teenager Keeps Running to Inspire Father D．Three Inspiring Running Athletes to Protect the Environment 解析：选B　标题归纳题。阅读全文，尤其是根据第一段第一句以及最后一段可知，本文主要讲述了八岁的男孩 Simon Cane很重视环保，并且为环保做出实际行动——和爸爸一起跑步去上学，故B项最适合作本文标题。 B In January 2018, the long-awaited ban (禁令) on plastic microbeads (微珠) in make-up and washing products came into force in the UK. These tiny bits of plastic were discovered to enter the ocean in their millions. The ban was a conservation victory, but scientists at Northumbria University have always been aware that such beads are only the tip of the iceberg (冰山一角) when it comes to tiny bits of marine (海洋的) pollution. The scientists' recent findings suggest that microfibers produced during the washing of textiles (织物) are likely to be a more significant contributor to pollution than the beads ever were. The new study from scientists at Northumbria University has revealed that almost 13,000 tons of microfibers, which are equal to two rubbish trucks every day, are being released into European marine environments every year as they fall off clothing in washing machines. These microfibers are made up of a range of materials and in fact the vast majority are natural fibers, such as cotton, wool and viscose. Though significantly more biodegradable (可生物降解的) than man-made fibers, these fibers have still been found in significant quantities in the bottom of the European oceans. Extensive research is being carried out on how to cut down microfiber pollution. The Northumbria researchers note that several textile design rules have been established, and that more research is being undertaken to encourage their adoption by the textile industry. The team points out that there's a barrier to consumers' adopting colder and quicker washing cycles (洗涤模式), since the consumers are concerned that they will not achieve the desired level of cleaning. In their conclusion they call for further advances in cold-water cleaning technology to smooth away the performance gap between regular warm cycles and colder and quicker alternatives. “This is the first major study to examine real household wash loads and the reality of fiber release，” said John R Dean, who led the study. “Finding an ultimate solution to the pollution of marine ecosystems by microfibers released during clothes-washing will likely require significant actions in both the production processes of textiles and the design of washing machines.” 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国诺森比亚大学的科学家们发现，在洗涤纺织品过程中产生的微纤维可能是比塑料微珠更严重的海洋污染源，研究还涉及到如何减少微纤维污染以及面临的问题等内容。 5．What do scientists at Northumbria University mainly focus on? A．Benefits of wildlife conservation. B．Microfiber pollution from clothing. C．Methods of making textiles clean. D．Marine pollution from tiny bits of plastic. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The scientists' recent findings suggest that microfibers produced ...the beads ever were.”可知，诺森比亚大学的科学家主要关注的是来自衣物的微纤维污染，故选B。 6．What can we infer from the new study? A．It takes a long time for fibers to break down. B．Man-made fibers are easy to fall off clothing. C．Natural fibers do little harm to the environment. D．Household washing machines operate in an eco-friendly way. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Though significantly more biodegradable than man-made fibers, these fibers have still been found in significant quantities in the bottom of the European oceans.”可知，即使是可生物降解的天然纤维在海洋底部仍有大量存在，可推断出纤维降解需要很长时间，故选A。 7．Consumers say “No” to the colder and quicker washing cycles mainly because the cycles are believed to __________. A．be slow in washing clothes B．be too complex to operate C．waste too much heat and water D．fail to remove dirt effectively 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The team points out that ...the desired level of cleaning.”可知，消费者拒绝更冷更快的洗涤模式是因为他们认为这些模式不能有效地去除污垢，故选D。 8．What did John R Dean think of solving microfiber pollution? A．It seems impractical. B．It's unlikely to succeed. C．It may need joint efforts. D．It needs urgent actions. 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段John R Dean所说的“Finding an ultimate solution to the pollution of marine ecosystems ...textiles and the design of washing machines.”可知，要找到一个最终解决方案需要在纺织品生产过程和洗衣机设计方面采取重大行动，可推断出他认为解决微纤维污染可能需要共同努力，故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Your carbon footprint is the amount of greenhouse gases that you produce as you live your life. In order to hold the global temperature rise to 2 ℃ or less, everyone needs to average an annual carbon footprint of 1.87 tons by 2050.__9__ Eat low on the food chain. This means eating mostly fruits, vegetables, grains, and beans. Meat and dairy are responsible for 14.5 percent of man-made global greenhouse gas emissions. __10__ If you have no meat or dairy every day, you can reduce your carbon footprint by 8 pounds. __11__ Fashionable, cheap items go out of style quickly and get dumped in landfills where they produce methane (甲烷) as they decompose. Currently, the average American gets rid of about 80 pounds of clothing annually. In addition, most fast fashion comes from Asia, so shipping it to the US requires the use of fossil fuels. Use low energy appliances. Replace traditional light bulbs with LED ones. Though LEDs cost more, they use a quarter of the energy and last up to 25 times longer. Make energy efficiency a primary consideration when choosing a new microwave, air conditioning unit, dishwasher, or refrigerator.__12__ Choose green travel. An average car produces about five tons of carbon each year.__13__ Take public buses, carpool, or bike to your destination when possible. This not only reduces CO2 emissions, it also lessens traffic jams. A．Don't buy fast fashion. B．Never choose quality clothing. C．But people ignore this serious problem. D．Making changes in transport matters much. E．Here are ways to reduce your carbon footprint. F．They are mainly from food production and processing. G．Products with the ENERGY STAR sign have better efficiency. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了减少个人碳足迹的方法，包括低食物链饮食、避免快时尚、使用节能电器、选择绿色出行方式，以应对全球变暖问题。 9．选E　根据上文“In order to hold the global temperature rise to 2 ℃ or less, everyone needs to average an annual carbon footprint of 1.87 tons by 2050. ”可知，这是在介绍全球变暖问题和个人碳足迹的目标，E项承接上文碳足迹这一话题，并引出下文的具体解决方法，符合语境。 10．选F　根据上文“Meat and dairy are responsible for 14.5 percent of man-made global greenhouse gas emissions.”可知，肉类和乳制品对温室气体排放有显著影响，F项解释了肉类和乳制品对温室气体排放有很大影响的原因，故选F。 11．选A　下文讲的是快时尚商品的快速更迭和对环境的影响， A 项“不要购买快时尚”，能引出下文，故选A。 12．选G　根据上文“Make energy efficiency a primary consideration when choosing a new microwave, air conditioning unit, dishwasher, or refrigerator.”可知，选择电器时应优先考虑能效， G 项“带有ENERGY STAR标志的产品效率更高”是对节能电器的举例说明，故选G。 13．选D　根据上文“An average car produces about five tons of carbon each year.”可知，汽车对碳排放的“贡献”很大，D项“改变交通方式非常重要”承接了上文交通方式这一话题，故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $