专题04 阅读理解 七选五（期中真题汇编，福建专用）高二英语下学期

专题04 阅读理解 七选五 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建福州八市·期中） Perhaps,you are a smart person with good knowledge and creative ideas, but when you move to a new environment or have to work with some new people,it is not always easy for them to recognize you or respect you immediately.____1____How can you get other people to pay attention to you and respect you? Be curious and be willing to learn new things. Moving to a new working environment,you may need to deal with new things or skills. ____2____ In such a case,people who are more willing to learn new things can become more flexible and be able to meet new requirements in their job. ____3____ Learning or working in a new environment,you need to have a good sense of judgement when joining a discussion or making a decision. You should consider what is virtually right, and look for long-term goals,and not be distracted by small choices for the short term. Be confident and make eye contact when talking to people. When you go out and meet people,it is important to look confident. For example, if you are going to an interview,but you don’t feel confident, what can you do? Before you walk in, think to yourself,“I own the room.”____4____Remember to look other people in the eye—it’s the key to creating a connection with people. Soon,you will feel as confident as you look. Set clear goals and learn. When working together with others,it is important that you have a clear vision and a working plan to achieve it. Let people know what you stand for. You need to find out which ideas can really unite people and then express those ideas clearly.____5____. Be helpful to others. When working, don’t focus on what is your work and what isn’t. After do-ing your own work,always be ready to help others. A. How can you be a leader soon? B. How can you get along with others? C. Then, walk in holding your head high and smile. D. Quite often, they don’t belong to your own field. E. Remember not to judge a person by his appearance. F. Also, treat your team members respectfully as equals. G. Have a good sense of judgement on important aspects. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建南平·期中） Talking with your doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____1____ ●Stay positive. Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____2____Think teamwork! Think positive! ●Keep track of how you are feeling. ____3____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way. ●____4____ Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor. ●Ask questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____5____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand. A. This will make getting answers easier. B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work. D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side. F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines. G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·福建莆田华侨中学·期中） Effective cross-cultural communication goes beyond the mere exchange of words. It involves a deep under-standing of cultural adaptability. ____1____ In this global dance of diplomacy (外交), the mastery of certain strategies can significantly enhance the efficiency, and effectiveness of communication. At the heart of effective cross-cultural communication lies cultural awareness, the foundation upon which all other strategies are built. ____2____ It involves a deep understanding and respect for these differences, recognizing how they influence behaviors, and communication styles. This awareness is crucial in removing potential misunderstandings and enhancing an environment of respect. In cross-cultural communication, active listening goes beyond the basic act of hearing words spoken by another person. It involves fully engaging with the speaker, understanding their message in context. Active listening is fundamental in building trust, respect, and understanding across cultural divides. ____3____ It’s a demonstration of respect and a powerful tool in overcoming the complexities of cross-cultural communication. In the rich aspect of global interactions, where diverse languages and cultures co-exist, the value of clarity and simplicity in communication cannot be overstated. ____4____ By prioritizing clear and straightforward communication, we can significantly reduce the risk of misunderstandings and ensure that our messages are understood as intended. ____5____ Understanding and correctly interpreting these silent signals can be as significant as the spoken word. Non-verbal communication includes body language, facial expressions, and so on. All of them can vary dramatically from one culture to another. Cultural norms (规范) determine what is considered appropriate or offensive in non-verbal communication, making it a field ripe for misunderstandings. A. Listening positively is more than a skill. B. Language acts as both a bridge and a barrier. C. Language mastery is more than just the ability to communicate. D. Non-verbal indications reveal our unspoken intentions and feelings. E. Complex language, and idiomatic expressions can easily lead to confusion. F. Cultural awareness goes beyond mere acknowledgment of cultural differences. G. So it enables individuals to bridge the gaps that differences in culture can create. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建永春二中·期中） The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. ____1____ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1. Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. ____2____ Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 1. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. ____3____ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 1. Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. ____4____ “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face? If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 1. Self-expression ___5___ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A. Encourage kids to cook with you. B. And we can’t forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·福建三明五县·期中） A Round Table When I was still a little, my entire family would reunite on almost every traditional festival to have dinner. While the grownups were discussing about something beyond our comprehension, we kids would be running around or even crowd under the table to play hide-and-seek. When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend, a tall and a shy man. My grandma joyfully added another seat to the round table. ____1____When I was twelve, my grandma passed away because of cancer, but when the entire family reunite once again, her chair, her bowl and her chopsticks remain the same even though her seat was empty. ____2____ We all have a table like this in our homes. ____3____ It is a symbol of a reunion of our families representing our sentiment, and an attachment to our families. ____4____ In China, almost everything can be solved over a round table, then that marriage bells between a loving couple, the morning of the dead, the negotiations between business partners and a state banquet to another president from other country can all happen on a same round table. So I start to wonder what is this round table to us, what it has been doing to us and its true significance starts to unfold in front of me. The food on the table may change with time. ____5____ The reason why we come together may be various, but the sensation behind it remains year after year the same, and that is our tolerance of different people or willingness to embrace different culture and artistic forms or care, and love, and respect for not only our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world. A. It was a bit crowded，yet we felt closer. B. The people sitting beside it may come and go. C. The round table has a unique meaning that ties us together. D. These memories around the round table are truly precious. E. These items gently filled the space of her absence. F. Besides, the round table is a platform for promoting diverse cultures. G. However, the significance of the round table goes far beyond family gathering. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建福州一中·期中） Choosing the best diet for you can often seem as complex as rocket science. It requires a major commitment of time effort, willpower and in some cases, money. ____1____ Below, experts walk you through the process of picking the diet that best meets your unique goals and needs. Assessing your individual goals and any specific health concerns is an important step of choosing the right diet for your health and lifestyle. You can reflect how they made you feel, both physically and mentally. Meanwhile, you should also take your present eating habits into account. ____2____ Starting a diet can be driven by a range of motivating factors. ____3____ You will, however, probably picture weight loss as the driving one, because of the repeated marketing from the weight-loss industry. New diet foods are continually introduced, often promising quick and easy results. But finding a diet that’s right for you is more than weight loss. ____4____ They encourage the consumption of whole or minimally processed foods, which include a variety of fruits and vegetables, quality protein, whole grains and healthy fats. They emphasize limiting added sugars and salt. They allow flexibility so that families can eat together or you can go out to dinner without worrying about what to eat. Change won’t happen overnight, and your diet is only one component of a balanced and sustainable approach to long-term lifestyle changes. ____5____ Rapid and extreme changes may be difficult to sustain and could have negative effects as a result. A. How does a diet work? B. What good diets have in common is that they are all about balance. C. But where do you begin? D. Which positive habits do you already have and wish to continue? E. The first thing to consider is to take a look at your past diets. F. Setting realistic expectations needs to allow for gradual adaptation. G. They include weight loss, disease prevention and saving money and the like. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建福州联盟校·期中） Starting new healthy habits can seem challenging at first. However, the process becomes less difficult by breaking it down into manageable steps. Here are several healthy habits to kickstart your journey towards a healthier, more balanced lifestyle. Get some exercise We all know exercise is awesome for health. ____1____. Motivating yourself to exercise when you’re tired and stressed can also be hard. A great way to start is with a walk. Regular walking is a simple yet effective habit with numerous benefits for physical and mental health. Plus, walking provides an opportunity for relaxation, letting go of stress, and clearing your mind. Eat a balanced diet ____2____. It is because your bodies take in energy and nutrients from your food. A balanced diet ensures you get all essential vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. Focus on whole foods: colorful vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains and healthy fats. ____3____ Sleep is our body’s repair mechanism (机制). It repairs cells and revitalizes the body’s systems. Not to mention how much happier we feel when we’ve had a good sleep! To have a better sleep, create a quiet sleeping environment. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep. You can also consider setting a sleep schedule. ____4____. Limit screen time In today’s digital age, it’s all too easy to become consumed by our screens. Too much screen time can lead to eye strain (疲劳) , disturbed sleep, and an increased risk of fatness. ____5____. Remember to follow the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. A. Get sufficient sleep B. Avoid sleeping too much C. Stick to it even on weekends D. So taking regular breaks from screens is essential E. But it can be hard to fit exercise into a busy schedule F. What you put into your body directly impacts your health G. Developing healthy daily habits takes time and determination Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·福建恒一集团·期中） Skipping meals is bad news. For teens especially, eating all three meals, or smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day is healthiest. There are many reasons not to skip meals. Stay energized One of the primary reasons not to skip meals is that eating keeps you energized. You need to be awake for the note-taking and lecture-listening you plan on doing throughout the day. ____1____. Keep you focused I think it’s pretty safe to say that when teens are hungry, they’re only thinking about one thing: food! I can remember dozens of days in class when a teacher was lecturing, and all I could do was stare at the wall imagining milkshakes and pizza because I skipped lunch. ____2____. Instead, always fill up at breakfast and lunch so that you can focus in school throughout the day. ____3____ Skipping meals affects your mood, too! You get angry easily when you’re hungry. If you want to be fun and have fun, make sure you’re eating plenty of nutritious, filling meals. Start good habits Eating well-balanced meals at regular intervals (间隔时间) throughout the day is a great habit to start in high school! If you skip breakfast and lunch, then pig out at dinner, you’re going to get accustomed to living that way. ____4____. So do your body and future self a favor by forcing yourself to eat healthy meals throughout the day. It’s not dieting ____5____. Diets that actually work balance healthy eating with exercise; they don’t eliminate (消除) meals altogether. If you’re unhappy with the way your body looks, talk to your parents and doctor about a healthy meal and exercise plan that might help you reach your goals. A. Improve your mood B. Don’t make my mistake C. From ages 13 to 3, some girls keep growing D. However, that’s not the way your body is meant to take in food E. You might think skipping meals is just “dieting”, but in fact, it isn’t F. Miss meals every once in a while simply because you’re not hungry G. Your brain doesn’t know how to function well without plenty of calories keeping you awake Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建龙岩·期中） In the vast knowledge, the ability to remember what you read is vital to help you achieve your goal. Here are a few tips for remembering what you read. ____1____ Picture this: You’re at a banquet (宴会), eyes wide with anticipation at the number of dishes before you. ____2____, and too many dishes are wasted. Reading works the same way. Begin with what you can enjoy, and enjoy each bit. It’s quality over quantity. Make mental images Try to think about making words turn into mental images. Creating mental images as you read transforms abstract concepts into visuals, making it easier for your brain to recollect. ____3____, each image representing a piece of the puzzle you’re collecting. Talk about them with others Engaging in discussions about what you’ve read helps remember the information in your mind. ____4____, and you will create a dynamic learning environment. So your reading experience turns into a social affair, where ideas are shared and memories are collectively woven. Examine yourself periodically ____5____. You can do it in various ways, from flashcards to summarizing key points after finishing a topic or a chapter. So when taking a walk down memory lane, these methods ensuring the information you’ve gathered are not just temporary but etched into your long-term memory. A. Read only what you can finish B. Choose any part that works for you C. Now, imagine being unable to have it all D. Explain concepts to others and hear different viewpoints E. It’s like turning your reading experience into a photo album in the mind F. Testing your knowledge at regular time strengthens what you have learned G. If you look up difficult words, use them in your work as much as possible Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·福建泉州科技中学·期中） Establishing healthy boundaries with yourself will help you stay within your range of control and prioritize what matters most. Here are some tips. Be honest with yourself Behind every fancy purchase is a desire for status and recognition. You secretly want to be noticed for wearing a new watch or carrying a designer purse.___1___So before taking action towards any endeavor, such as making an expensive purchase or pursuing a job promotion, ask yourself, “Who am I doing this for?” ___2___However,if you are pursuing something with the hopes of attracting attention, then you need to say no to yourself. Honor your limits You can’t be everything for everyone. Trying to please everyone makes you vulnerable.___3___It is important that you are wise with your resources. The importance of honoring your limits is highlighted by the Greek mythological story. The story is a reminder that pushing yourself too hard for too long ultimately comes at a cost. Stop comparing yourself to others People will engage in behaviors that trigger you. It might be tempting to enter an undeclared competition with the Joneses. This approach does not work because there is always someone out there who has more of what you desire. Stop comparing yourself to others.___4___Focus on living a meaningful life that is consistent with your values and goals. Be fair to yourself You are likely your worst critic. You secretly say things to yourself that you would never have the heart to tell others. Remember to have realistic expectations of yourself.___5___If the goal is unrealistic, then you have to say no and adjust your expectations. A. You criticize yourself for shortcomings. B. The truth is you have limited energy and time. C. The reality is that you are not being recognized. D. What someone is doing with their life has nothing to do with you. E. If a pursuit will truly improve the quality of your life, then go for it. F. The same can be said about other pursuits such as accumulating wealth and status. G. When you set goals, consider whether you have set the standard at a reasonable level. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建泉州七中·期中） When communicating with others, we often focus on what we should say. ____1____ Listening well means not just understanding the words or the information being communicated, but also understanding the emotions the speaker is trying to convey. The following are tips for becoming an active listener. Focus fully on the speaker. You can’t listen in an active way if you’re constantly checking your phone. ____2____ You need to stay focused on the moment-to-moment experience in order to pick up the important nonverbal cues in a conversation. If you find it hard to concentrate on some speakers, try repeating their words over in your head-it’ll reinforce their message and help you stay focused. Display your interest in what’s being said by using body language. Nod occasionally, smile at the person, and make sure your posture is open and inviting. ____3____ Avoid interrupting or trying to redirect the conversation to your concerns by saying something like, “you think that’s bad, let me tell you what happened to me.” ____4____ You can’t concentrate on what someone’s saying if you’re forming what you’re going to say next. Often, the speaker can read your facial expressions and know that your mind’s elsewhere. _____5_____ In order to communicate effectively with someone, you don’t have to like them or agree with their ideas, values or opinions. However, you do need to set aside your judgement and hold back blame and criticism in order to fully understand them. The most difficult communication, when successfully performed, can often lead to an unlikely connection with someone. A. Try to set aside judgement. B. Be aware of individual differences. C. It will make you feel more self-confident. D. Listening is not the same as waiting for your turn to talk. E. Encourage the speaker to continue with “yes”or “uh huh”. F. Thinking about something else also implies you are not an active listener. G. However, effective communication is less about talking and more about listening. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建泉州四校·期中） While technology addicts teens to their devices, they are not helpless against the draw of it. Here are five ways educators can support their students’ digital well-being. Explore design tricks companies use. The technology we use daily is designed to catch and hold our attention. Companies know what keeps our eyes on the screen. To help, teachers can unpack design tricks and explain how companies employ features like auto-play to get users to stay on their apps. ____1____ Talk about how technology can increase feelings of anxiety. The decline in youth mental health is associated with an increase in social media use. ____2____ We can help our students by allowing them to consider the benefits of technology and then to think about changing the habits that aren’t serving their well-being. ____3____ Social media can bring the feeling: “All my friends have better lives than me.” Plus, design features like “read receipts” can lead to teens knowing their messages have been seen and stressing about why friends haven’t yet replied. These are classic examples of thinking traps. Identifying them can help teens get rid of some negative thoughts. Uncover the ways that AI can play a role in misinformation. AI is rapidly transforming the world. Recommendation algorithms (算法), which determine what we do and do not see on our feeds and in our search results, can have very real consequences. ____4____ By understanding how these technologies work, students can start to enjoy more benefits of technology. Encourage families to have meaningful conversations with their child. Take the time to share with families the topics and resources you’re teaching in class. ____5____ Knowing we’re all in the same boat is crucial. A. Social media is ruining our life. B. Connect them with their inner world. C. Build their awareness of thinking traps. D. This by no means indicates all technology is bad. E. They can pull us toward increasingly extreme views. F. It turns out adults and kids all pursue digital well-being. G. Knowing these can motivate students to get back their attention. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·福建漳州·期中） At the heart of the Southwestern United States lives a people, the Navajo Nation, with a rich mixture of culture and traditions that have weathered the sands of time. ____1____ They have shaped a unique identity rooted in resilience (适应力), storytelling, and a deep connection to the environment. At the heart of Navajo culture lies a deep respect for the land. The Navajo people view the earth as a sacred being that nourishes and sustains them. The Navajo believe that everything in the natural world is interconnected, and they struggle to live in harmony with their surroundings. ____2____ The Navajo people have a rich tradition of arts and crafts. They use them to express their creativity and preserve their cultural heritage. Navajo pottery, weaving, jewelry and basketry are well-known for their beauty and complex designs. ____3____ They reflect the Navajo worldview and connection to the natural world. ____4____ It serves as a means to pass down history, traditions and values from generation to generation. Through oral narratives, songs and ceremonies, the Navajo people keep their heritage alive and introduce a sense of identity in their young. By sharing these tales, the Navajo people strengthen their bonds as a community and preserve their unique worldview. Throughout their history, the Navajo people have faced numerous challenges and hardships. ____5____ The Navajo people have maintained their language, traditions, and cultural practices despite attempts to suppress them, and they have emerged stronger and more united from their struggles. A. Storytelling holds a central place in Navajo culture. B. The Navajo people have lived on the lands for centuries. C. Ceremonies play an important role in Navajo culture. D. These items often include traditional symbols and designs. E. They take only what they need and give back whenever possible. F. The Navajo people keep their traditions alive and share their culture with the world. G. Yet, they have consistently demonstrated resilience and determination when confronted with setbacks. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建厦门外国语·期中） The shape of Australia’s school system is undergoing a significant change. Enrollments(入学人数) in independent schools are growing, while fewer students are going to public schools. Why are more families choosing an independent school, when they could send their children to a free public option? ____1____ One reason may be policy changes that allowed the establishment of new independent schools in Australia. In the 1990s, the Howard government changed a policy to allow funding for the establishment of new schools, even in areas that already had adequate capacity in existing schools. New independent schools tend to charge lower fees than established elite schools. ____2____ According to Independent Schools Australia, the largest growth in enrollments is in schools charging fees of around A$5,0 00 per year. ____3____ New South Wales Education Minister Prue Car has spoken about this issue for her own son, who attends an independent primary school: “We were in one of the suburbs where the government didn’t build a school.” Compared to other countries, Australian schools have a high level of “socioeconomic segregation(社会经济隔离)”. ____4____ The increase in students going to fee-paying private schools means we are seeing increasing segregation in our school system. Public schools continue to educate the majority of children in remote locations. ____5____ Independent schools enroll increasing proportions of students from the most advantaged socioeconomic backgrounds. A. What account for this shift? B. How should we deal with this shift? C. They are those from disadvantaged backgrounds. D. That makes them more accessible to middle-income families. E. Parents will naturally choose what they perceive to be the best school. F. This means different types of schools have students from different backgrounds. G. In some cases, state governments are slow to build new public schools in suburbs. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建福州三中·期中） The teenage years are a transformative period marked by great physical, psychological, and emotional changes. ___1___ They refer to the feelings that arise during interactions with others, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride. Understanding and managing social emotions can help develop teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range of emotions from social interactions, which significantly influences their self-understanding and social awareness. In the process, they learn to understand, and appropriately respond to both their own emotions and those of others. ___2___ In academic settings, social emotional competencies like self-regulation, motivation, and social awareness directly impact a teenager’s ability to learn, participate, and engage in school activities. ___3___ Teenagers with strong social emotional skills are better equipped to handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avoid risky behaviors, reducing the likelihood of developing mental health issues. Learning social emotions involves a combination of personal experience, guidance, and formal education. ___4___ This environment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding of how to communicate and manage their emotions. They feel safe and supportive to express their emotions freely and learn to manage them without fear of judgment. Schools also play a significant role through social emotional learning programs that teach these skills in a structured environment. Community involvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactions offer additional opportunities for teenagers to practice and refine their social emotional skills. ___5___ It contributes to a teenager’s ability to manage their own emotions, understand others’ emotions, and face social complexities. This learning is a cornerstone for shaping their identity, influencing their interpersonal relationships, academic success, mental health, and future life outcomes. A. What exactly are social emotions? B. The journey into mature emotion is quite easy. C. Social emotion learning for teenagers is essential. D. Central to this phase is the concept of social emotions. E. This helps shape their own personal principles and beliefs. F. Families play a crucial role in modeling and developing these skills. G. Moreover, social emotional skills are closely linked to mental health. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建南安·期中） I believe in daydreaming now and then—especially when I’m hiking. Being in nature allows my mind to wander where it will, which often starts my creativity as a writer and musician. Now some new science suggests that daydreaming may actually make us happier and more creative. ___1___ Daydreaming may be good for creativity Mind—wandering has been associated with creativity for centuries. A study found that people who mind—wandered performed better on their task, the answer coming to them in a flash. ___2___ —it was just suddenly there. When people’s minds wander in ways that seem meaningful to them, they tend to have more creative ideas and feel more inspired at the end of the day, too. Interestingly, this is true for both writers and everyday people. ___3___ Now, findings from a 2021 study suggest that mind—wandering can actually improve your mood. In this study, the researchers found that when people’s thoughts were off—task, they generally felt more negative. But if their thoughts were free—moving. It had the opposite effect, helping people feel happier. ___4___ . If I simply put myself in a space that lets my mind move freely, I don’t get depressed. On the contrary, I’m happier because of it. Can we be better mind—wanderers? Researchers warn that mind—wandering when you need to be focused on a task could cause problems. So, let your mind wander when you’re doing tasks that don’t require focus. ___5___ . So, just having more control over when mind—wandering happens and the kind of thoughts that you have would be very useful. A. The key is that we do it the right way. B. Mind—wandering can help boost our mood. C. I find that science supports my own experience. D. Taking a break might be good for our productivity E. People didn’t even know how they got to the solution F. I hope people will explore the limits of mind—wandering G. This may help you feel better or come up with creative ideas Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·福建锦江中学·期中） Music is used across cultures and ages as a powerful mood regulator. ___1___ The emotional power of music is one of the main reasons why people devote so much time, energy, and money to it. People use music to achieve various goals, such as feeling more energized, keeping focused on tasks, and reducing boredom. Music offers a resource for emotion regulation. For instance, sad music enables listeners to stay away from painful situations. ___2___ Further, lyrics that have a connection with the listener’s personal experience can give voice to feelings or experiences that one might not be able to express oneself. Listening to soft and slow music, such as classical music, is better for managing negative emotions compared to hard or heavy music. ___3___ Music is a powerful emotional stimulus(刺激物) that changes our relationship with time. Time does indeed seem to fly when listening to pleasant music. Hearing pleasant music seems to keep attention away from time processing. Moreover, this attention-related shortening effect appears to be greater in the case of calm music with a slow tempo (节奏). For example, music is used in waiting rooms to reduce the subjective length of time spent waiting or in supermarkets to encourage people to stay for longer and buy more. ___4___ In sum, music can change our moods, emotions, and motivation. We can use music to express or challenge our moods. ___5___ For example, the protest song “Baraye” expresses Iranians’ (伊朗人的) painful complaints. A. Music can also show the mood on a national level. B. We regularly use music to comfort our souls and pain. C. Music are likely to affect a nation’s policies or decisions. D. This is because they focus instead on the beauty of the music. E. When listening to music, We are amazed at how quickly time passes by. F. Music shows that one’s understanding of the passage of time is subjective. G. Consumers spend more time in the grocery store when the background music is slow. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建厦门六中·期中） So, what does it take to be great? I thoroughly reject the “10 years, 10,000 hours” notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time. ___1___ Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes. If you received good ones from your parents thank them. If you didn’t, don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either. ___2___ Inborn ability is certainly a wonderful thing to have been given, but it is a bit overrated. ___3___ What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great, but it isn’t enough. The world is full of gifted failures, of “can’t miss kids” who missed. Talent is only the starting point to greatness and, if you’ re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery, it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning the race to be great. ___4___ You have to work hard. push your limits, and struggle mightily to get to the finish for anything in life worth pursuing greatness in. Ultimately, being great isn’t about being objectively great because, as noted above, the chances that you will achieve true greatness in some aspect of your life is, statistically, very small. ___5___ I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with. That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement, but, if you do what is necessary, you will find a reasonable level of success. A. Instead, let it go and focus on what you can control. B. But, of course, races aren’t won at the start, but at the finish C. Rather, your goal should be to find your own personal greatness. D. Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness. E. You might think that personal greatness isn’t the same as true greatness. F. The reality is that genes matter, whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent. G. They enjoy the struggles they experienced and the satisfaction of overcoming them. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解 七选五 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建福州八市·期中） Perhaps,you are a smart person with good knowledge and creative ideas, but when you move to a new environment or have to work with some new people,it is not always easy for them to recognize you or respect you immediately.____1____How can you get other people to pay attention to you and respect you? Be curious and be willing to learn new things. Moving to a new working environment,you may need to deal with new things or skills. ____2____ In such a case,people who are more willing to learn new things can become more flexible and be able to meet new requirements in their job. ____3____ Learning or working in a new environment,you need to have a good sense of judgement when joining a discussion or making a decision. You should consider what is virtually right, and look for long-term goals,and not be distracted by small choices for the short term. Be confident and make eye contact when talking to people. When you go out and meet people,it is important to look confident. For example, if you are going to an interview,but you don’t feel confident, what can you do? Before you walk in, think to yourself,“I own the room.”____4____Remember to look other people in the eye—it’s the key to creating a connection with people. Soon,you will feel as confident as you look. Set clear goals and learn. When working together with others,it is important that you have a clear vision and a working plan to achieve it. Let people know what you stand for. You need to find out which ideas can really unite people and then express those ideas clearly.____5____. Be helpful to others. When working, don’t focus on what is your work and what isn’t. After do-ing your own work,always be ready to help others. A. How can you be a leader soon? B. How can you get along with others? C. Then, walk in holding your head high and smile. D. Quite often, they don’t belong to your own field. E. Remember not to judge a person by his appearance. F. Also, treat your team members respectfully as equals. G. Have a good sense of judgement on important aspects. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. G 4. C 5. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些在新环境下与人相处的建议。 【1题详解】 根据上文提示“Perhaps,you are a smart person with good knowledge and creative ideas, but when you move to a new environment or have to work with some new people,it is not always easy for them to recognize you or respect you immediately.（也许，你是一个聪明的人，有良好的知识和创造性的想法，但当你搬到一个新的环境或必须与一些新的人一起工作时，他们并不总是容易立即认出你或尊重你。）”，再根据下文提示“How can you get other people to pay attention to you and respect you?（你怎样才能让别人注意到你并尊重你呢?）”可知，设空处应该在说“怎样让人关注你、尊重你”。承接上下文，B项How can you get along with others?（你如何与他人相处?）切题。故选B。 【2题详解】 根据上文提示“Moving to a new working environment,you may need to deal with new things or skills.（转到一个新的工作环境，你可能需要处理新的事物或技能。）”可知，新环境不是你的领域。承接上文，D项Quite often, they don’t belong to your own field.（通常情况下，它们并不属于你自己的领域。）切题。故选D。 【3题详解】 该空是小标题，结合上下段的标题，这里用祈使句，应该在E、G项中选择。再根据下文提示“Learning or working in a new environment,you need to have a good sense of judgement when joining a discussion or making a decision.（在一个新的环境中学习或工作，当你加入讨论或做决定时，你需要有良好的判断力。）”可知，在新环境判断力很重要。所以G项Have a good sense of judgement on important aspects.（在重要方面有良好的判断力。）切题。故选G。 【4题详解】 根据上文提示“if you are going to an interview,but you don’t feel confident, what can you do? Before you walk in, think to yourself,‘I own the room.’（如果你要去面试，但你感到不自信，你该怎么办?在你走进去之前，对自己说:“我是这个房间的主人。”）”可知，接下来要抬头、微笑，展示自信。承接上文，C项Then, walk in holding your head high and smile.（然后，昂首微笑地走进去。）切题。故选C。 【5题详解】 根据上文提示“Let people know what you stand for. You need to find out which ideas can really unite people and then express those ideas clearly.（让人们知道你的立场。你需要找出哪些想法能真正团结人们，然后清楚地表达这些想法。）”可知，你要平等对待团队里的成员。承接上文，F项Also, treat your team members respectfully as equals.（同时，平等地尊重你的团队成员。）切题。F项中的also将该项与上文紧密连在一起。故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建南平·期中） Talking with your doctor Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.____1____ ●Stay positive. Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude.____2____Think teamwork! Think positive! ●Keep track of how you are feeling. ____3____This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way. ●____4____ Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor. ●Ask questions. Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.____5____Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand. A. This will make getting answers easier. B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor. C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work. D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling. E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side. F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines. G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information. 【答案】1. B 2. E 3. D 4. F 5. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。 【1题详解】 根据文章第一段“Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故选B。 【2题详解】 根据文章第二段“teamwork!”意为团队可知，E项：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。 【3题详解】 根据文章“This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms（症状）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D项：Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。 【4题详解】 根据文章“Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic（过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.”可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，故F项：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。 【5题详解】 根据文章“Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment.”可知，不要害怕问你的医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remember—there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·福建莆田华侨中学·期中） Effective cross-cultural communication goes beyond the mere exchange of words. It involves a deep under-standing of cultural adaptability. ____1____ In this global dance of diplomacy (外交), the mastery of certain strategies can significantly enhance the efficiency, and effectiveness of communication. At the heart of effective cross-cultural communication lies cultural awareness, the foundation upon which all other strategies are built. ____2____ It involves a deep understanding and respect for these differences, recognizing how they influence behaviors, and communication styles. This awareness is crucial in removing potential misunderstandings and enhancing an environment of respect. In cross-cultural communication, active listening goes beyond the basic act of hearing words spoken by another person. It involves fully engaging with the speaker, understanding their message in context. Active listening is fundamental in building trust, respect, and understanding across cultural divides. ____3____ It’s a demonstration of respect and a powerful tool in overcoming the complexities of cross-cultural communication. In the rich aspect of global interactions, where diverse languages and cultures co-exist, the value of clarity and simplicity in communication cannot be overstated. ____4____ By prioritizing clear and straightforward communication, we can significantly reduce the risk of misunderstandings and ensure that our messages are understood as intended. ____5____ Understanding and correctly interpreting these silent signals can be as significant as the spoken word. Non-verbal communication includes body language, facial expressions, and so on. All of them can vary dramatically from one culture to another. Cultural norms (规范) determine what is considered appropriate or offensive in non-verbal communication, making it a field ripe for misunderstandings. A. Listening positively is more than a skill. B. Language acts as both a bridge and a barrier. C. Language mastery is more than just the ability to communicate. D. Non-verbal indications reveal our unspoken intentions and feelings. E. Complex language, and idiomatic expressions can easily lead to confusion. F. Cultural awareness goes beyond mere acknowledgment of cultural differences. G. So it enables individuals to bridge the gaps that differences in culture can create. 【答案】1. G 2. F 3. A 4. E 5. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇是说明文。文章主要介绍了在国际交往中，我们如何尊重他国的传统与文化，避免误解。 【1题详解】 根据空前“Effective cross-cultural communication goes beyond the mere exchange of words. It involves a deep under-standing of cultural adaptability.(有效的跨文化交流不仅仅是言语交流。它涉及到对文化适应性的深刻理解。)”可知，前文提到有效跨文化交流包含文化适应性的理解，因此本空应讲述其好处，故G项“因此，它能够消除文化差异带来的障碍”符合，G项中的It指代前文的Effective cross-cultural communication，故选G项。 【2题详解】 根据空前“At the heart of effective cross-cultural communication lies cultural awareness, the foundation upon which all other strategies are built.(有效的跨文化交流的核心是文化意识，这是所有其他策略的基础。)”和空后“It involves a deep understanding and respect for these differences, recognizing how they influence behaviors, and communication styles.(它涉及到对这些差异的深刻理解和尊重，认识到它们如何影响行动和沟通风格。)”可知，空前讲述了文化认知，空后进一步讲它涉及到的东西，因此本空应该是继续讲述这个问题，故F项“文化意识不仅仅是对文化差异的承认。”符合，空后“It”指代F项中的“Cultural awareness”，故选F项。 【3题详解】 根据空前“Active listening is fundamental in building trust, respect, and understanding across cultural divides.(积极的倾听是跨越文化鸿沟建立信任、尊重和理解的基础。)”和空后“It’s a demonstration of respect and a powerful tool in overcoming the complexities of cross-cultural communication.(它是一种尊重的表现，也是克服文化交流复杂性的有力工具。)”可知，空前讲述了积极倾听的意义，空后介绍了它表示尊重，能克服文化交流的复杂性，故A项“积极倾听不仅仅是一种技能。”符合，它不仅仅是一种技能，还是一种尊重的表现，也是克服文化交流复杂性的有力工具，故选A项。 【4题详解】 根据空前“In the rich aspect of global interactions, where diverse languages and cultures co-exist, the value of clarity and simplicity in communication cannot be overstated.(在全球互动的丰富方面，不同的语言和文化共存，沟通中清晰和简单的价值怎么强调也不为过。)”可知，空前提到沟通中清晰和简单的重要性，故E项“复杂的语言和习惯用语很容易导致混淆。”符合，在全球互动的过程中，清晰和简单很重要，因为复杂的语言和习惯用语就会导致混淆，故选E项。 【5题详解】 根据本段内容“Understanding and correctly interpreting these silent signals can be as significant as the spoken word.(理解和正确地解释这些无声的信号与口语一样重要。)”可知，空后提到了这些无声的信号，故D项“非语言的暗示解释了我们未言明的意图和感受。”符合，空后的these silent signals指代D项中的Non-verbal indications，故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建永春二中·期中） The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. ____1____ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1. Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. ____2____ Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 1. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. ____3____ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 1. Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. ____4____ “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face? If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?” 1. Self-expression ___5___ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A. Encourage kids to cook with you. B. And we can’t forget science education. C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist? E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. F 5. G 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何让孩子适应未来的工作，提出了四个方面的建议：在生活和学习中培养好奇心、创造力、人际交往技巧和自我表达。 【1题详解】 考查上下文的语境理解。根据By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.可知，这里叙述的是帮助他们发展最优秀的技能，所以上句应该怎样帮助为了他们未来的工作而做好准备。D项：So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?(我们怎样才能帮助孩子们准备那些还不存在的工作呢？)符合语境。故选D。 【2题详解】 考查上下文的语境理解。根据Ask kids, “What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time” and then try them out.可知，下文叙述的是做煎饼时添加什么配料会更好，所以上句应该鼓励孩子和你一起做饭。A项：Encourage kids to cook with you.(鼓励孩子们和你一起做饭)符合语境。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查上下文的语境理解。根据True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.可知，上文叙述的是培养孩子的创造力，给他们一些材料，然后从这些材料中创造出新的东西。所以下文应该是我们给孩子提供机会用新的方式来使用这些材料。C项：We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.(我们可以给孩子们以新的方式思考使用材料的机会)符合语境.故选C。 【4题详解】 考查上下文的语境理解。根据“Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face? If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”可知，此处是问孩子怎样判断人的情感问题，所以上句应该是我们在真实生活的做法及在故事中的人物一些问题。F项：We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.(我们可以在现实生活中这样做，也可以问一些关于故事中人物的问题)符合语境。故选F。 【5题详解】 考查语境理解及主题句。根据There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas — music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.可知，有许多方法表达出自己的想法和观点，所以用一种有效的方式交流是一种技能。G项：Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.(能够以有意义的方式交流思想是一项宝贵的技能)符合语境。故选G。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·福建三明五县·期中） A Round Table When I was still a little, my entire family would reunite on almost every traditional festival to have dinner. While the grownups were discussing about something beyond our comprehension, we kids would be running around or even crowd under the table to play hide-and-seek. When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend, a tall and a shy man. My grandma joyfully added another seat to the round table. ____1____When I was twelve, my grandma passed away because of cancer, but when the entire family reunite once again, her chair, her bowl and her chopsticks remain the same even though her seat was empty. ____2____ We all have a table like this in our homes. ____3____ It is a symbol of a reunion of our families representing our sentiment, and an attachment to our families. ____4____ In China, almost everything can be solved over a round table, then that marriage bells between a loving couple, the morning of the dead, the negotiations between business partners and a state banquet to another president from other country can all happen on a same round table. So I start to wonder what is this round table to us, what it has been doing to us and its true significance starts to unfold in front of me. The food on the table may change with time. ____5____ The reason why we come together may be various, but the sensation behind it remains year after year the same, and that is our tolerance of different people or willingness to embrace different culture and artistic forms or care, and love, and respect for not only our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world. A. It was a bit crowded，yet we felt closer. B. The people sitting beside it may come and go. C. The round table has a unique meaning that ties us together. D. These memories around the round table are truly precious. E. These items gently filled the space of her absence. F. Besides, the round table is a platform for promoting diverse cultures. G. However, the significance of the round table goes far beyond family gathering. 【答案】1. A 2. E 3. C 4. G 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，通过描述家庭圆桌的变迁，阐述了圆桌不仅是家庭团聚的象征，其意义更超越家庭，承载着包容、爱与尊重等情感。 【1题详解】 根据上文“My grandma joyfully added another seat to the round table.(奶奶高兴地给圆桌加了一个座位)” 可知，上文说的是给圆桌增加了一个座位，可推理出空白处说的是增加座位后空间状态的变化及其影响，与A 项“It was a bit crowded, yet we felt closer.(有点拥挤，但我们感觉更亲近了)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 【2题详解】 根据上文“When I was twelve, my grandma passed away because of cancer, but when the entire family reunite once again, her chair, her bowl and her chopsticks remain the same even though her seat was empty (在我十二岁那年，奶奶因癌症去世了。但当全家人再次团聚时，她的椅子、她的碗以及她的筷子都还保持着原样，尽管那个属于她的位置是空的)”可知，上文说的是奶奶去世后，家里的物品都还保持着原样，尽管那个属于她的位置是空的，可推理出下文说的是这些物品的留存填补了奶奶缺席的空间，E项“These items gently filled the space of her absence.(这些物品温柔地填补了她缺席的空间)”直接承接上文，解释了物品存在的意义，故选E项。 【3题详解】 根据下文“It is a symbol of a reunion of our families representing our sentiment, and an attachment to our families.(它是家庭团聚的象征，代表着我们的情感和对家庭的依恋)”可知，下文说的是圆桌是家庭团聚的象征，代表着全家人的情感和对家庭的依恋，可推理出空白处需总结圆桌的意义，C项“The round table has a unique meaning that ties us together.(圆桌有一种将我们联系在一起的独特意义)”表达的含义适合作为总起句，引出后文对意义的具体阐述，逻辑连贯，故选C项。 【4题详解】 根据下文“In China, almost everything can be solved over a round table, then that marriage bells between a loving couple, the morning of the dead, the negotiations between business partners and a state banquet to another president from other country can all happen on a same round table (在中国，几乎凡事都能在一张圆桌上解决。于是，恩爱夫妻的喜结良缘、逝者的头七祭奠、商业伙伴间的谈判协商以及招待其他国家总统的国宴，都能在同一张圆桌上进行)”可知，关于圆桌的话题从家庭延伸到更广泛的社会场景，G项“However, the significance of the round table goes far beyond family gathering.(然而，圆桌的意义远不止家庭聚会)”作为过渡句，引出意义的扩展，符合段落间的逻辑转折，故选G项。 【5题详解】 根据上文“The food on the table may change with time.(桌上的食物可能会随着时间而变化)”以及下文“The reason why we come together may be various, but the sensation behind it remains year after year the same, and that is our tolerance of different people or willingness to embrace different culture and artistic forms or care, and love, and respect for not only our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world (我们相聚的理由或许各不相同，但背后的那种感受年复一年始终如一，那就是我们对不同人群的包容，或是对不同文化及艺术形式的接纳，还有对家庭、对社区、对国家乃至对整个世界所怀有的关怀、热爱与敬重)”可知，上文提到了桌上的食物可能会随着时间而变化，下文提到了我们对不同人群的包容，或是对不同文化及艺术形式的接纳，可推理出空白处说的是坐在圆桌旁的人可能是不同的人，B项“The people sitting beside it may come and go.(坐在它旁边的人可能有来有去)”表达的含义符合语境，故选B项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建福州一中·期中） Choosing the best diet for you can often seem as complex as rocket science. It requires a major commitment of time effort, willpower and in some cases, money. ____1____ Below, experts walk you through the process of picking the diet that best meets your unique goals and needs. Assessing your individual goals and any specific health concerns is an important step of choosing the right diet for your health and lifestyle. You can reflect how they made you feel, both physically and mentally. Meanwhile, you should also take your present eating habits into account. ____2____ Starting a diet can be driven by a range of motivating factors. ____3____ You will, however, probably picture weight loss as the driving one, because of the repeated marketing from the weight-loss industry. New diet foods are continually introduced, often promising quick and easy results. But finding a diet that’s right for you is more than weight loss. ____4____ They encourage the consumption of whole or minimally processed foods, which include a variety of fruits and vegetables, quality protein, whole grains and healthy fats. They emphasize limiting added sugars and salt. They allow flexibility so that families can eat together or you can go out to dinner without worrying about what to eat. Change won’t happen overnight, and your diet is only one component of a balanced and sustainable approach to long-term lifestyle changes. ____5____ Rapid and extreme changes may be difficult to sustain and could have negative effects as a result. A. How does a diet work? B. What good diets have in common is that they are all about balance. C. But where do you begin? D. Which positive habits do you already have and wish to continue? E. The first thing to consider is to take a look at your past diets. F. Setting realistic expectations needs to allow for gradual adaptation. G. They include weight loss, disease prevention and saving money and the like. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. G 4. B 5. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了选择适合自己饮食的方法及相关注意事项。 【1题详解】 由上文“Choosing the best diet for you can often seem as complex as rocket science. It requires a major commitment of time effort, willpower and in some cases, money. (为自己选择最佳饮食往往看起来像火箭科学一样复杂。这需要投入大量的时间、精力、意志力，在某些情况下，还需要金钱。)”以及下文“Below, experts walk you through the process of picking the diet that best meets your unique goals and needs. (下面，专家将带您了解选择最符合您独特目标和需求的饮食的过程。)”可知，上文提到选择最佳饮食需要投入时间、精力、意志力甚至金钱，强调了选择饮食的复杂性。下文则提到专家会指导你选择最适合你的饮食。因此，本空应强调“如何开始”的问题。C选项“But where do you begin? (但你从哪里开始呢？)”既承接了上文选择饮食的复杂性，又引出下文专家介绍的选择过程，符合语境。故选C。 【2题详解】 由上文“Assessing your individual goals and any specific health concerns is an important step of choosing the right diet for your health and lifestyle. You can reflect how they made you feel, both physically and mentally. Meanwhile, you should also take your present eating habits into account. (评估您的个人目标和任何特定的健康问题是为您的健康和生活方式选择合适饮食的重要一步。你可以反思它们给你的身体和精神带来的感受。同时，你也应该考虑你目前的饮食习惯。)”可知，本空应进一步说明了考虑目前饮食习惯时的具体思考方向。D选项“Which positive habits do you already have and wish to continue? (你已经有哪些积极的习惯并且希望继续保持呢？)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 【3题详解】 由上文“Starting a diet can be driven by a range of motivating factors. (开始节食可能是由一系列激励因素驱动的。)”可知，此处应具体说明这些激励因素有哪些。G选项“They include weight loss, disease prevention and saving money and the like. (它们包括减肥、预防疾病和省钱等等。)”具体列举了一些激励因素，能承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 【4题详解】 由下文“They encourage the consumption of whole or minimally processed foods, which include a variety of fruits and vegetables, quality protein, whole grains and healthy fats. They emphasize limiting added sugars and salt. They allow flexibility so that families can eat together or you can go out to dinner without worrying about what to eat. (它们鼓励食用完整或最少加工的食物，其中包括各种水果和蔬菜、优质蛋白质、全谷物和健康脂肪。它们强调限制添加糖和盐的摄入。它们具有灵活性，这样家人就可以一起吃饭，或者你可以出去吃晚餐而不用担心吃什么。)”可知，该段主要讲了好的饮食所具有的共同特点。B选项“What good diets have in common is that they are all about balance. (好的饮食的共同之处在于它们都关乎平衡。)”能够概括该段主旨，符合语境。故选B。 【5题详解】 由上文“Change won’t happen overnight, and your diet is only one component of a balanced and sustainable approach to long-term lifestyle changes. (改变不会一蹴而就，而且你的饮食只是长期生活方式改变的平衡且可持续方法的一个组成部分。)”以及下文“Rapid and extreme changes may be difficult to sustain and could have negative effects as a result. (快速和极端的变化可能难以持续，结果可能会产生负面影响。)”可知，本空应强调要设定现实的期望，逐步适应。F选项“Setting realistic expectations needs to allow for gradual adaptation. (设定现实的期望需要考虑到逐步适应。)”既承接了上文改变不会一蹴而就，又引出下文快速极端变化的不良影响，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建福州联盟校·期中） Starting new healthy habits can seem challenging at first. However, the process becomes less difficult by breaking it down into manageable steps. Here are several healthy habits to kickstart your journey towards a healthier, more balanced lifestyle. Get some exercise We all know exercise is awesome for health. ____1____. Motivating yourself to exercise when you’re tired and stressed can also be hard. A great way to start is with a walk. Regular walking is a simple yet effective habit with numerous benefits for physical and mental health. Plus, walking provides an opportunity for relaxation, letting go of stress, and clearing your mind. Eat a balanced diet ____2____. It is because your bodies take in energy and nutrients from your food. A balanced diet ensures you get all essential vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. Focus on whole foods: colorful vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains and healthy fats. ____3____ Sleep is our body’s repair mechanism (机制). It repairs cells and revitalizes the body’s systems. Not to mention how much happier we feel when we’ve had a good sleep! To have a better sleep, create a quiet sleeping environment. Aim for 7-9 hours of quality sleep. You can also consider setting a sleep schedule. ____4____. Limit screen time In today’s digital age, it’s all too easy to become consumed by our screens. Too much screen time can lead to eye strain (疲劳) , disturbed sleep, and an increased risk of fatness. ____5____. Remember to follow the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. A. Get sufficient sleep B. Avoid sleeping too much C. Stick to it even on weekends D. So taking regular breaks from screens is essential E. But it can be hard to fit exercise into a busy schedule F. What you put into your body directly impacts your health G. Developing healthy daily habits takes time and determination 【答案】1. E 2. F 3. A 4. C 5. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了启动健康生活方式的几个步骤，包括适量运动、均衡饮食、充足睡眠和限制屏幕时间，以促进身心健康。 【1题详解】 由上文“We all know exercise is awesome for health.(我们都知道锻炼对健康非常有益。)”可知，这里强调锻炼对健康有益，空格处应转折说明锻炼存在的困难，而E项“But it can be hard to fit exercise into a busy schedule.(但要把锻炼融入到繁忙的日程中可能很难。)”符合此处语境，but表示转折，提到了将锻炼融入日程的困难，与上文形成对比，且下文“Motivating yourself to exercise when you’re tired and stressed can also be hard.(当你疲惫和有压力时，激励自己去锻炼也可能很困难。)”进一步说明了锻炼的困难，所以E项有承上启下作用。故选E项。 【2题详解】 由下文“It is because your bodies take in energy and nutrients from your food.(这是因为你的身体从食物中摄取能量和营养。)”可知，这里在解释身体与食物的关系，空格处应先表明食物对身体的影响，F项“What you put into your body directly impacts your health.(你摄入身体的东西直接影响你的健康。)”符合此处语境，引出下文对原因的解释，说明了食物与健康的联系，有启下作用。故选F项。 【3题详解】 由下文“Sleep is our body’s repair mechanism (机制). It repairs cells and revitalizes the body’s systems.(睡眠是我们身体的修复机制。它修复细胞并使身体系统恢复活力。)”可知，整段围绕睡眠对身体的重要性展开，A项“Get sufficient sleep (获得充足的睡眠)”作为小标题，符合该段主旨，统领全段，引出下文对睡眠作用及如何获得良好睡眠的阐述。故选A项。 【4题详解】 由上文“You can also consider setting a sleep schedule.(你也可以考虑制定一个睡眠时间表。)”可知，这里提到了制定睡眠时间表，空格处应进一步说明关于睡眠时间表的做法，C项“Stick to it even on weekends (即使在周末也要坚持)”符合此处语境，it指代上文的a sleep schedule，强调了坚持睡眠时间表的重要性，有承接上文的作用。故选C项。 【5题详解】 由上文“Too much screen time can lead to eye strain (疲劳) , disturbed sleep, and an increased risk of fatness.(过多的屏幕时间会导致眼睛疲劳、睡眠紊乱和肥胖风险增加。)”可知，这里说明了过多屏幕时间的危害，空格处应得出相应结论，D项“So taking regular breaks from screens is essential (所以定期从屏幕前休息是很重要的)”符合此处语境，so表示因果关系，基于上文危害得出需要定期休息的结论，有总结上文的作用。故选D项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·福建恒一集团·期中） Skipping meals is bad news. For teens especially, eating all three meals, or smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day is healthiest. There are many reasons not to skip meals. Stay energized One of the primary reasons not to skip meals is that eating keeps you energized. You need to be awake for the note-taking and lecture-listening you plan on doing throughout the day. ____1____. Keep you focused I think it’s pretty safe to say that when teens are hungry, they’re only thinking about one thing: food! I can remember dozens of days in class when a teacher was lecturing, and all I could do was stare at the wall imagining milkshakes and pizza because I skipped lunch. ____2____. Instead, always fill up at breakfast and lunch so that you can focus in school throughout the day. ____3____ Skipping meals affects your mood, too! You get angry easily when you’re hungry. If you want to be fun and have fun, make sure you’re eating plenty of nutritious, filling meals. Start good habits Eating well-balanced meals at regular intervals (间隔时间) throughout the day is a great habit to start in high school! If you skip breakfast and lunch, then pig out at dinner, you’re going to get accustomed to living that way. ____4____. So do your body and future self a favor by forcing yourself to eat healthy meals throughout the day. It’s not dieting ____5____. Diets that actually work balance healthy eating with exercise; they don’t eliminate (消除) meals altogether. If you’re unhappy with the way your body looks, talk to your parents and doctor about a healthy meal and exercise plan that might help you reach your goals. A. Improve your mood B. Don’t make my mistake C. From ages 13 to 3, some girls keep growing D. However, that’s not the way your body is meant to take in food E. You might think skipping meals is just “dieting”, but in fact, it isn’t F. Miss meals every once in a while simply because you’re not hungry G. Your brain doesn’t know how to function well without plenty of calories keeping you awake 【答案】1. G 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. E 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了正常吃饭对于我们的重要性。 【1题详解】 前文“One of the primary reasons not to skip meals is that eating keeps you energized. You need to be awake for the note-taking and lecture-listening you plan on doing throughout the day.(不能不吃饭的一个主要原因是吃东西能让你精力充沛。你需要保持清醒，因为你计划一整天都在做笔记和听课)”可知，正常的三餐能保证我们精力充沛，G选项“如果没有足够的卡路里让你保持清醒，你的大脑就不知道如何正常工作”解释了我们的大脑需要能量来保持清醒和精力，符合语境。故选G。 【2题详解】 前文“I can remember dozens of days in class when a teacher was lecturing, and all I could do was stare at the wall imagining milkshakes and pizza because I skipped lunch.(我记得有几十天老师在课堂上讲课，我所能做的就是盯着墙壁想象奶昔和披萨，因为我没吃午饭)”作者列举了自己的错误行为：没有吃饭，导致上课听不进去；结合后文“Instead, always fill up at breakfast and lunch so that you can focus in school throughout the day.(相反，总是在早餐和午餐时填饱肚子，这样你一整天都能集中精力在学校)”为正确的做法，与空处形成转折，B选项“不要犯我的错误”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【3题详解】 空处为小标题，后文“Skipping meals affects your mood, too! You get angry easily when you’re hungry.(不吃饭也会影响你的心情！你饿的时候很容易生气)”表明正常吃饭能改善我们的心情，A选项“改善心情”符合本段主旨。故选A。 【4题详解】 前文“If you skip breakfast and lunch, then pig out at dinner, you’re going to get accustomed to living that way.(如果你不吃早餐和午餐，然后在晚餐时狼吞虎咽，你就会习惯这种生活方式)”表示早餐、午餐不吃，晚餐狼吞虎咽这种不良生活方式；后文“So do your body and future self a favor by forcing yourself to eat healthy meals throughout the day.(所以，强迫自己每天吃健康的食物，对你的身体和未来的自己都有好处)”说明应如何吃饭，D选项“然而，这并不是你的身体吸收食物的方式”与前文进行转折，表示前文的饮食方式是错误的，同时引出下文该如何吃饭，符合语境。故选D。 【5题详解】 本段小标题“It’s not dieting(它不是节食)”表示“不吃饭不是节食”；后文“Diets that actually work balance healthy eating with exercise; they don’t eliminate (消除) meals altogether.(有用的节食平衡健康饮食和运动；他们不会完全不吃饭)”说明两者具体的不同，E选项“You might think skipping meals is just “dieting”, but in fact, it isn’t(你可能认为不吃饭只是“节食”，但实际上不是)”为进一步展开说明小标题观点，引出下文具体的不同，符合语境。故选E。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建龙岩·期中） In the vast knowledge, the ability to remember what you read is vital to help you achieve your goal. Here are a few tips for remembering what you read. ____1____ Picture this: You’re at a banquet (宴会), eyes wide with anticipation at the number of dishes before you. ____2____, and too many dishes are wasted. Reading works the same way. Begin with what you can enjoy, and enjoy each bit. It’s quality over quantity. Make mental images Try to think about making words turn into mental images. Creating mental images as you read transforms abstract concepts into visuals, making it easier for your brain to recollect. ____3____, each image representing a piece of the puzzle you’re collecting. Talk about them with others Engaging in discussions about what you’ve read helps remember the information in your mind. ____4____, and you will create a dynamic learning environment. So your reading experience turns into a social affair, where ideas are shared and memories are collectively woven. Examine yourself periodically ____5____. You can do it in various ways, from flashcards to summarizing key points after finishing a topic or a chapter. So when taking a walk down memory lane, these methods ensuring the information you’ve gathered are not just temporary but etched into your long-term memory. A. Read only what you can finish B. Choose any part that works for you C. Now, imagine being unable to have it all D. Explain concepts to others and hear different viewpoints E. It’s like turning your reading experience into a photo album in the mind F. Testing your knowledge at regular time strengthens what you have learned G. If you look up difficult words, use them in your work as much as possible 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇关于如何提高阅读记忆能力的说明文。文章通过具体的建议，帮助读者更好地记住所读内容，从而实现学习目标。 【1题详解】 上文提到“Here are a few tips for remembering what you read. (这里有一些记住你所读内容的小贴士。)”，接下来需要一个具体的建议。A项“Read only what you can finish(只读你能完成的部分。)”与下文提到的“Begin with what you can enjoy, and enjoy each bit.(从你能享受的内容开始，享受每一个部分。)”相呼应，强调了阅读的适量性，故选A。 【2题详解】 上文提到“Picture this: You’re at a banquet, eyes wide with anticipation at the number of dishes before you. (想象一下：你在一场宴会上，眼前摆满了各种菜肴，你满怀期待地看着它们。)”，接下来需要一个与宴会场景相关的比喻。C项“Now, imagine being unable to have it all(现在，想象一下无法全部享用)”与上文的宴会场景相呼应，进一步说明了阅读时不要贪多嚼不烂的道理，故选C。 【3题详解】 上文提到“Creating mental images as you read transforms abstract concepts into visuals, making it easier for your brain to recollect.(在阅读时创建心理图像，将抽象的概念转化为视觉图像，使大脑更容易回忆。)”，接下来需要一个具体的比喻来说明这一点。E项“It’s like turning your reading experience into a photo album in the mind(这就像把你的阅读体验变成脑海中的相册)”与上文相呼应，形象地说明了心理图像的作用，且与下文each image相呼应。故选E。 【4题详解】 上文提到“Engaging in discussions about what you’ve read helps remember the information in your mind.(就你所读的内容与他人进行讨论有助于记住信息。)”，接下来需要一个具体的建议。D项“Explain concepts to others and hear different viewpoints(向他人解释概念并听取不同的观点)”与上文相呼应，进一步说明了讨论的作用，故选D。 【5题详解】 上文提到“Examine yourself periodically.(定期自我检测。)”，接下来需要一个具体的说明。F项“Testing your knowledge at regular time strengthens what you have learned(定期测试你的知识可以巩固你所学的内容)”与上文相呼应，具体说明了自我检测的重要性，故选F。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·福建泉州科技中学·期中） Establishing healthy boundaries with yourself will help you stay within your range of control and prioritize what matters most. Here are some tips. Be honest with yourself Behind every fancy purchase is a desire for status and recognition. You secretly want to be noticed for wearing a new watch or carrying a designer purse.___1___So before taking action towards any endeavor, such as making an expensive purchase or pursuing a job promotion, ask yourself, “Who am I doing this for?” ___2___However,if you are pursuing something with the hopes of attracting attention, then you need to say no to yourself. Honor your limits You can’t be everything for everyone. Trying to please everyone makes you vulnerable.___3___It is important that you are wise with your resources. The importance of honoring your limits is highlighted by the Greek mythological story. The story is a reminder that pushing yourself too hard for too long ultimately comes at a cost. Stop comparing yourself to others People will engage in behaviors that trigger you. It might be tempting to enter an undeclared competition with the Joneses. This approach does not work because there is always someone out there who has more of what you desire. Stop comparing yourself to others.___4___Focus on living a meaningful life that is consistent with your values and goals. Be fair to yourself You are likely your worst critic. You secretly say things to yourself that you would never have the heart to tell others. Remember to have realistic expectations of yourself.___5___If the goal is unrealistic, then you have to say no and adjust your expectations. A. You criticize yourself for shortcomings. B. The truth is you have limited energy and time. C. The reality is that you are not being recognized. D. What someone is doing with their life has nothing to do with you. E. If a pursuit will truly improve the quality of your life, then go for it. F. The same can be said about other pursuits such as accumulating wealth and status. G. When you set goals, consider whether you have set the standard at a reasonable level. 【答案】1. C 2. E 3. B 4. D 5. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“对自己建立健康的界限将有助于你保持在自己的控制范围内，并优先考虑最重要的事情”提出了几点建议。 【1题详解】 根据上文“You secretly want to be noticed for wearing a new watch or carrying a designer purse.( 你偷偷地想因为戴了一块新手表或带了一个名牌钱包而被人注意)”以及下文“so before taking action towards any endeavor, such as making an expensive purchase or pursuing a job promotion, ask yourself, “Who am I doing this for?”(因此，在采取任何行动之前，比如购买昂贵的东西或寻求晋升，问问自己，“我这样做是为了谁？”)”可知，上下文讲的是你越是想让别人注意，却越是不一定被注意，与C项“The reality is that you are not being recognized(事实情况是是你没有被认可)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 【2题详解】 根据下文“However, if you are pursuing something with the hopes of attracting attention, then you need to say no to yourself.( 然而，如果你带着能引起注意的希望正在追求某件事，那么你需要对自己说不)”可知上下文说的是有关“pursuing something(追求某件事)”含义的话题，与E项“If a pursuit will truly improve the quality of your life, then go for it.(如果追求能真正提高你的生活质量，那就去追求吧)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 【3题详解】 根据上文“You can’t be everything for everyone. Trying to please everyone makes you vulnerable.”（你不可能成为所有人的一切。试图取悦所有人只会让你变得脆弱。）根据下文“It is important that you are wise with your resources.( 明智地使用资源是很重要的)”可知，人的精力和时间是有限的，与B项“The truth is you have limited energy and time(事实是你的精力和时间有限)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 【4题详解】 根据上文“Stop comparing yourself to others(别再拿自己和别人比较了)”根据下文“Focus on living a meaningful life that is consistent with your values and goals.”（专注于过与你的价值观和目标一致的有意义的生活。）可知此处说的与别人比较是不明智的，因为他们所做的一切与你无关，与D项“What someone is doing with their life has nothing to do with you.( 别人在他的生活中所做的一切与你无关)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 【5题详解】 根据上文“Remember to have realistic expectations of yourself(记住对自己来说有现实意义的期望)”以及下文“If the goal is unrealistic, then you have to say no and adjust your expectations.(如果目标不现实，那么你要去说不并调整你的期望)”可知此处说的是目标设置要合理，与G项“When you set goals, consider whether you have set the standard at a reasonable level.( 当你设定目标时，要考虑你是否将标准设定在了合理的水平上)” 表达的含义一致，故选G项。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建泉州七中·期中） When communicating with others, we often focus on what we should say. ____1____ Listening well means not just understanding the words or the information being communicated, but also understanding the emotions the speaker is trying to convey. The following are tips for becoming an active listener. Focus fully on the speaker. You can’t listen in an active way if you’re constantly checking your phone. ____2____ You need to stay focused on the moment-to-moment experience in order to pick up the important nonverbal cues in a conversation. If you find it hard to concentrate on some speakers, try repeating their words over in your head-it’ll reinforce their message and help you stay focused. Display your interest in what’s being said by using body language. Nod occasionally, smile at the person, and make sure your posture is open and inviting. ____3____ Avoid interrupting or trying to redirect the conversation to your concerns by saying something like, “you think that’s bad, let me tell you what happened to me.” ____4____ You can’t concentrate on what someone’s saying if you’re forming what you’re going to say next. Often, the speaker can read your facial expressions and know that your mind’s elsewhere. _____5_____ In order to communicate effectively with someone, you don’t have to like them or agree with their ideas, values or opinions. However, you do need to set aside your judgement and hold back blame and criticism in order to fully understand them. The most difficult communication, when successfully performed, can often lead to an unlikely connection with someone. A. Try to set aside judgement. B. Be aware of individual differences. C. It will make you feel more self-confident. D. Listening is not the same as waiting for your turn to talk. E. Encourage the speaker to continue with “yes”or “uh huh”. F. Thinking about something else also implies you are not an active listener. G. However, effective communication is less about talking and more about listening. 【答案】1. G 2. F 3. E 4. D 5. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍成为积极倾听者的一些技巧。 【1题详解】 由上文“When communicating with others, we often focus on what we should say. (在与他人交流时，我们经常把注意力集中在应该说什么上)”可知，交流时通常我们主要注重说，而G项However, effective communication is less about talking and more about listening.(然而，有效的沟通不是谈论，而是倾听)符合语境，其中However与上文形成转折关系，less about talking and more about listening与上文focus on what we should say形成对比。故选G项。 【2题详解】 由上文“Focus fully on the speaker. You can’t listen in an active way if you’re constantly checking your phone. (把注意力完全集中在说话者身上。如果你一直在检查手机，你就无法以积极的方式收听)”可知，这里主要讲看手机会让你无法集中注意力听说话者说什么。而F项Thinking about something else also implies you are not an active listener.(思考其它事情也意味着你不是一个积极的倾听者)符合语境，其中also有承上作用，本句说明另一种不是一个积极的倾听者的情况。故选F项。 【3题详解】 由上文“Display your interest in what’s being said by using body language. Nod occasionally, smile at the person, and make sure your posture is open and inviting. (用肢体语言表达你对所说内容的兴趣。偶尔点头，对对方微笑，并确保你的姿势是开放的和有吸引力的)”可知，这里主要讲用肢体语言表示对所说内容的兴趣，而E项Encourage the speaker to continue with “yes” or “uh huh”.(鼓励说话者继续说“是”或“嗯哼”)符合语境，其中with “yes” or “uh huh”与上文Display your interest对应，有承上作用。故选E项。 【4题详解】 由下文“You can’t concentrate on what someone’s saying if you’re forming what you’re going to say next. (如果你正在形成下一步要说的话，你就无法集中精力听别人说什么)”可知，在听别人讲话时需要专心，不应该想接下来你要说话的内容。而D项Listening is not the same as waiting for your turn to talk.(倾听和等待轮到你说话是不一样的)符合语境，其中Listening与下文what someone’s saying对应， your turn to talk与下文what you’re going to say next对应。故选D项。 【5题详解】 由下文“In order to communicate effectively with someone, you don’t have to like them or agree with their ideas, values or opinions. However, you do need to set aside your judgement and hold back blame and criticism in order to fully understand them. The most difficult communication, when successfully performed, can often lead to an unlikely connection with someone.(为了与某人有效沟通，你不必喜欢他们，也不必认同他们的想法、价值观或观点。然而，你确实需要抛开你的判断，克制指责和批评，以便充分理解他们。最困难的沟通，如果成功地进行，往往会导致与某人建立不太可能的联系)”可知，这里主要讲沟通时需要抛开你的判断，克制指责和批评，以便充分理解他们。而A项Try to set aside judgement.(试着把判断放在一边)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，且set aside judgement与下文set aside your judgement对应。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建泉州四校·期中） While technology addicts teens to their devices, they are not helpless against the draw of it. Here are five ways educators can support their students’ digital well-being. Explore design tricks companies use. The technology we use daily is designed to catch and hold our attention. Companies know what keeps our eyes on the screen. To help, teachers can unpack design tricks and explain how companies employ features like auto-play to get users to stay on their apps. ____1____ Talk about how technology can increase feelings of anxiety. The decline in youth mental health is associated with an increase in social media use. ____2____ We can help our students by allowing them to consider the benefits of technology and then to think about changing the habits that aren’t serving their well-being. ____3____ Social media can bring the feeling: “All my friends have better lives than me.” Plus, design features like “read receipts” can lead to teens knowing their messages have been seen and stressing about why friends haven’t yet replied. These are classic examples of thinking traps. Identifying them can help teens get rid of some negative thoughts. Uncover the ways that AI can play a role in misinformation. AI is rapidly transforming the world. Recommendation algorithms (算法), which determine what we do and do not see on our feeds and in our search results, can have very real consequences. ____4____ By understanding how these technologies work, students can start to enjoy more benefits of technology. Encourage families to have meaningful conversations with their child. Take the time to share with families the topics and resources you’re teaching in class. ____5____ Knowing we’re all in the same boat is crucial. A. Social media is ruining our life. B. Connect them with their inner world. C. Build their awareness of thinking traps. D. This by no means indicates all technology is bad. E. They can pull us toward increasingly extreme views. F. It turns out adults and kids all pursue digital well-being. G. Knowing these can motivate students to get back their attention. 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. C 4. E 5. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了教育者可以采取的五种方法来支持学生的数字健康，分别是探索公司使用的设计技巧，谈论技术如何增加焦虑感，辨认思维陷阱，揭示人工智能在误传方面的作用，鼓励家庭与孩子进行有意义的对话。 【1题详解】 根据前文“Companies know what keeps our eyes on the screen. To help, teachers can unpack design tricks and explain how companies employ features like auto-play to get users to stay on their apps. (公司知道什么可以让我们的眼睛停留在屏幕上。为了帮助学生，教育者可以揭示设计技巧，解释公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序上)”可知，此处强调教师可以为孩子们揭示公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序上，后文应对这种做法的结果进行描述。G选项“Knowing these can motivate students to get back their attention.(了解这些可以激励学生重新获得他们的注意力)”，通过帮助学生们揭示公司吸引学生的设计技巧，解释公司如何利用自动播放等功能来让用户留在他们的应用程序，这些行为可以激励学生重新获得他们的注意力。故选G。 【2题详解】 根据前文“The decline in youth mental health is associated with an increase in social media use.(青少年心理健康状况的下降与社交媒体使用的增加有关)”以及后文“We can help our students by allowing them to consider the benefits of technology and then to think about changing the habits that aren’t serving their well-being.(我们可以帮助我们的学生，让他们考虑科技的好处，然后考虑改变那些不利于他们健康的习惯)”可知，虽然青少年心理健康状况的下降与社交媒体使用的增加有关，可知并不是所有的科技都是坏的，我们可以帮助学生们考虑科技的好处，同时改变科技带来的不健康的习惯。D选项“This by no means indicates all technology is bad. (这绝不意味着所有的技术都是不好的)”符合语境，故选D。 【3题详解】 根据后文的“These are classic examples of thinking traps. Identifying them can help teens get rid of some negative thoughts.(这些都是思维陷阱的经典例子。识别它们可以帮助青少年摆脱一些消极的想法)”可知，本段通过经典例子，说明了思维陷阱对青少年产生的影响。C选项“Build their awareness of thinking traps.(建立他们对思维陷阱的意识)”概括本段段旨，指出帮助青少年建立对思维陷阱的意识，符合语境。故选C。 【4题详解】 根据前文“Recommendation algorithms (算法), which determine what we do and do not see on our feeds and in our search results, can have very real consequences. (人工智能正在迅速改变世界。推荐算法决定了我们在信息流和搜索结果中可以看到什么，不能看到什么，它可能会产生非常现实的后果)”可知，此处强调大数据的推荐算法会产生一些非现实的后果，后文对此行为带来的消极影响进行进一步说明。E选项“They can pull us toward increasingly extreme views.(它们会把我们拉向越来越极端的观点)”承接前文，指出推荐算法会把我们拉向越来越极端的观点，符合语境。故选E。 【5题详解】 根据前文“Encourage families to have meaningful conversations with their child. Take the time to share with families the topics and resources you’re teaching in class. (鼓励家长与孩子进行有意义的对话。花点时间和家人分享你在课堂上教授的话题和资源)”可知，此处鼓励家长和孩子之间进行有意义的交流，沟通和分享。F选项“It turns out adults and kids all pursue digital well-being.(事实证明，成年人和孩子都追求数字幸福。)”承接前文，并引出下文“Knowing we’re all in the same boat is crucial.(知道我们都在同一条船上是至关重要的。)”，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·福建漳州·期中） At the heart of the Southwestern United States lives a people, the Navajo Nation, with a rich mixture of culture and traditions that have weathered the sands of time. ____1____ They have shaped a unique identity rooted in resilience (适应力), storytelling, and a deep connection to the environment. At the heart of Navajo culture lies a deep respect for the land. The Navajo people view the earth as a sacred being that nourishes and sustains them. The Navajo believe that everything in the natural world is interconnected, and they struggle to live in harmony with their surroundings. ____2____ The Navajo people have a rich tradition of arts and crafts. They use them to express their creativity and preserve their cultural heritage. Navajo pottery, weaving, jewelry and basketry are well-known for their beauty and complex designs. ____3____ They reflect the Navajo worldview and connection to the natural world. ____4____ It serves as a means to pass down history, traditions and values from generation to generation. Through oral narratives, songs and ceremonies, the Navajo people keep their heritage alive and introduce a sense of identity in their young. By sharing these tales, the Navajo people strengthen their bonds as a community and preserve their unique worldview. Throughout their history, the Navajo people have faced numerous challenges and hardships. ____5____ The Navajo people have maintained their language, traditions, and cultural practices despite attempts to suppress them, and they have emerged stronger and more united from their struggles. A. Storytelling holds a central place in Navajo culture. B. The Navajo people have lived on the lands for centuries. C. Ceremonies play an important role in Navajo culture. D. These items often include traditional symbols and designs. E. They take only what they need and give back whenever possible. F. The Navajo people keep their traditions alive and share their culture with the world. G. Yet, they have consistently demonstrated resilience and determination when confronted with setbacks. 【答案】1. B 2. E 3. D 4. A 5. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国西南部的纳瓦霍民族。 【1题详解】 上文“At the heart of the Southwestern United States lives a people, the Navajo Nation, with a rich mixture of culture and traditions that have weathered the sands of time. (在美国西南部的中心生活着一个民族，即纳瓦霍民族，他们拥有丰富多样、历经岁月考验的文化和传统。)”引出纳瓦霍民族及其文化。B选项“The Navajo people have lived on the lands for centuries. (纳瓦霍人已经在这片土地上生活了几个世纪。)”进一步说明他们与这片土地的渊源，为后文阐述其文化与土地的联系做铺垫，上下文衔接自然。故选B项。 【2题详解】 上文“The Navajo people view the earth as a sacred being that nourishes and sustains them. The Navajo believe that everything in the natural world is interconnected, and they struggle to live in harmony with their surroundings. (纳瓦霍人将地球视为滋养和维系他们的神圣存在。他们相信自然界中的一切都是相互关联的，并努力与周围环境和谐相处。)”强调了纳瓦霍人与自然和谐相处的理念。E选项“They take only what they need and give back whenever possible. (他们只取所需，并且尽可能回馈自然。)”是这种和谐相处理念的具体体现，与上文逻辑紧密。故选E项。 【3题详解】 上文“Navajo pottery, weaving, jewelry and basketry are well known for their beauty and complex designs. (纳瓦霍的陶器、编织品、珠宝和篮子以其美丽和复杂的设计而闻名。)”介绍了纳瓦霍的手工艺品。D选项“These items often include traditional symbols and designs. (这些物品通常包含传统的符号和设计。)”中的“These items”指代上文的手工艺品，进一步说明了手工艺品的设计特点，与上文有明确的指代关系。故选D项。 【4题详解】 下文“It serves as a means to pass down history, traditions and values from generation to generation. Through oral narratives, songs and ceremonies, the Navajo people keep their heritage alive and introduce a sense of identity in their young. (它是一种将历史、传统和价值观代代相传的方式。通过口头叙述、歌曲和仪式，纳瓦霍人让他们的文化遗产得以延续，并让年轻人有了认同感。)”说明了某种事物在传承文化方面的作用。A选项“Storytelling holds a central place in Navajo culture. (讲故事在纳瓦霍文化中占据核心地位。)”引出“讲故事”这一关键事物，与下文在内容上相呼应，说明讲故事就是起到传承文化作用的方式。故选A项。 【5题详解】 上文“Throughout their history, the Navajo people have faced numerous challenges and hardships. (在他们的历史中，纳瓦霍人面临了无数的挑战和困难。)”指出纳瓦霍人遭遇的困境。G选项“Yet, they have consistently demonstrated resilience and determination when confronted with setbacks. (然而，当面对挫折时，他们始终表现出坚韧和决心。)”与上文构成转折关系，引出后文他们在困境中保持文化并变得更强大的内容，上下文衔接合理。故选G项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建厦门外国语·期中） The shape of Australia’s school system is undergoing a significant change. Enrollments(入学人数) in independent schools are growing, while fewer students are going to public schools. Why are more families choosing an independent school, when they could send their children to a free public option? ____1____ One reason may be policy changes that allowed the establishment of new independent schools in Australia. In the 1990s, the Howard government changed a policy to allow funding for the establishment of new schools, even in areas that already had adequate capacity in existing schools. New independent schools tend to charge lower fees than established elite schools. ____2____ According to Independent Schools Australia, the largest growth in enrollments is in schools charging fees of around A$5,0 00 per year. ____3____ New South Wales Education Minister Prue Car has spoken about this issue for her own son, who attends an independent primary school: “We were in one of the suburbs where the government didn’t build a school.” Compared to other countries, Australian schools have a high level of “socioeconomic segregation(社会经济隔离)”. ____4____ The increase in students going to fee-paying private schools means we are seeing increasing segregation in our school system. Public schools continue to educate the majority of children in remote locations. ____5____ Independent schools enroll increasing proportions of students from the most advantaged socioeconomic backgrounds. A. What account for this shift? B. How should we deal with this shift? C. They are those from disadvantaged backgrounds. D. That makes them more accessible to middle-income families. E. Parents will naturally choose what they perceive to be the best school. F. This means different types of schools have students from different backgrounds. G. In some cases, state governments are slow to build new public schools in suburbs. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. G 4. F 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚独立学校的入学人数超过公立学校的入学人数的原因。 【1题详解】 根据空前“Why are more families choosing an independent school, when they could send their children to a free public option?(为什么更多的家庭选择独立学校，而不是免费的公立学校呢？)”和空后“One reason may be policy changes that allowed the establishment of new independent schools in Australia.(一个原因可能是政策的变化，允许在澳大利亚建立新的独立学校。)”可知，空前提出问题，为什么更多的家庭选择独立学校，空后提出了其中一个可能的原因，故A项“什么导致了这种转变呢？”符合，在此处承上启下，A项中的that shift指代前文的“更多的家庭选择独立学校”，引出后文的具体原因，故选A项。 【2题详解】 根据空前“New independent schools tend to charge lower fees than established elite schools.(新的独立学校往往比老牌精英学校的收费更低。)”可知，独立学校比老牌精英学校收费低，D项“这使得中收入家庭更能支付。”是空前的顺义承接，因此，中收入家庭更能支付，从而导致更多的家庭选择独立学校，D项中的“them”指代空前的“New independent schools”，故选D项。 【3题详解】 根据空后“New South Wales Education Minister Prue Car has spoken about this issue for her own son, who attends an independent primary school: “We were in one of the suburbs where the government didn’t build a school.”(新南威尔士州教育部长Prue Car曾谈到她儿子的这个问题，他就读于一所独立的小学：“我们住在一个政府没有建学校的郊区。”)”可知，本段主要介绍了教育部长的儿子就读独立学校的原因是他们住在一个政府没有建学校的郊区，故G项“在某些情况下，州政府在郊区建设新公立学校的速度较慢。”符合，总结后文内容，说明越来越多的家庭选择独立学校的另一个原因是因为州政府在郊区建设新公立学校的速度较慢，故选G项。 【4题详解】 根据空前“Compared to other countries, Australian schools have a high level of “socioeconomic segregation(社会经济隔离)”.(与其他国家相比，澳大利亚的学校具有较高的社会经济隔离水平。)”和空后“The increase in students going to fee-paying private schools means we are seeing increasing segregation in our school system.(去付费私立学校的学生人数的增加意味着我们的学校系统中的隔离现象越来越严重。)”可知，空前提到了澳大利亚学校社会经济隔离水平较高，空后提出了去私立学校的人数增加导致这种隔离现象越来越严重，故F项“这意味着不同学校的学生来自不同的背景。”符合，澳大利亚学校具有较高的社会经济隔离水平，就意味着不同学校的学生来自不同的背景，去私立学校的人更多也就意味着这种隔离现象越来越严重，故选F项。 【5题详解】 根据空前“Public schools continue to educate the majority of children in remote locations.(公立学校继续教育偏远地区的大多数儿童。)”可知，空前提到公立学校教育的是偏远地区的儿童，故C项“他们都是背景不太优越的孩子。”符合，C项中的“They”指代前文的“the majority of children in remote locations”，公立学校教育的是偏远地区的儿童，他们都是背景不太优越的孩子，故选C项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·福建福州三中·期中） The teenage years are a transformative period marked by great physical, psychological, and emotional changes. ___1___ They refer to the feelings that arise during interactions with others, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride. Understanding and managing social emotions can help develop teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range of emotions from social interactions, which significantly influences their self-understanding and social awareness. In the process, they learn to understand, and appropriately respond to both their own emotions and those of others. ___2___ In academic settings, social emotional competencies like self-regulation, motivation, and social awareness directly impact a teenager’s ability to learn, participate, and engage in school activities. ___3___ Teenagers with strong social emotional skills are better equipped to handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avoid risky behaviors, reducing the likelihood of developing mental health issues. Learning social emotions involves a combination of personal experience, guidance, and formal education. ___4___ This environment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding of how to communicate and manage their emotions. They feel safe and supportive to express their emotions freely and learn to manage them without fear of judgment. Schools also play a significant role through social emotional learning programs that teach these skills in a structured environment. Community involvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactions offer additional opportunities for teenagers to practice and refine their social emotional skills. ___5___ It contributes to a teenager’s ability to manage their own emotions, understand others’ emotions, and face social complexities. This learning is a cornerstone for shaping their identity, influencing their interpersonal relationships, academic success, mental health, and future life outcomes. A. What exactly are social emotions? B. The journey into mature emotion is quite easy. C. Social emotion learning for teenagers is essential. D. Central to this phase is the concept of social emotions. E. This helps shape their own personal principles and beliefs. F. Families play a crucial role in modeling and developing these skills. G. Moreover, social emotional skills are closely linked to mental health. 【答案】1. D 2. E 3. G 4. F 5. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期，说明了社会情感技能的作用和重要性。 【1题详解】 根据上文“The teenage years are a transformative period marked by great physical, psychological, and emotional changes.(青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期)”以及后文“They refer to the feelings that arise during interactions with others, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride.(它们指的是在与他人互动时产生的感觉，比如感激、羞耻、同情、内疚和骄傲)”可知，本句主要承接上文，继续说明青少年时期的情感变化阶段，故D选项“这个阶段的核心是社会情感的概念”符合语境，故选D。 【2题详解】 根据上文“Understanding and managing social emotions can help develop teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range of emotions from social interactions, which significantly influences their self-understanding and social awareness. In the process, they learn to understand, and appropriately respond to both their own emotions and those of others.(理解和管理社会情绪可以帮助发展青少年的身份。青少年在社会交往中体验到各种各样的情绪，这对他们的自我理解和社会意识有很大的影响。在这个过程中，他们学会理解并适当地回应自己和他人的情绪)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明理解和回应自己和他人情绪的作用。故E选项“这有助于塑造他们自己的个人原则和信仰”符合语境，故选E。 【3题详解】 根据后文“Teenagers with strong social emotional skills are better equipped to handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avoid risky behaviors, reducing the likelihood of developing mental health issues.(拥有强大社交情感技能的青少年能够更好地处理压力，抵抗同辈压力，避免危险行为，减少发展心理健康问题的可能性)”可知，本句总结后文，后文主要说明了社交情感技能会影响青少年心理健康。故G选项“此外，社交情感技能与心理健康密切相关”符合语境，故选G。 【4题详解】 根据后文“This environment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding of how to communicate and manage their emotions. They feel safe and supportive to express their emotions freely and learn to manage them without fear of judgment. Schools also play a significant role through social emotional learning programs that teach these skills in a structured environment. Community involvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactions offer additional opportunities for teenagers to practice and refine their social emotional skills.(这种环境影响了青少年对如何沟通和管理情绪的最早理解。他们感到安全和支持自由地表达自己的情绪，并学会管理他们，而不用担心被评判。学校也通过在结构化的环境中教授这些技能的社会情感学习项目发挥了重要作用。社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动为青少年练习和完善他们的社交情感技能提供了额外的机会)”可知，后文列举了学校、社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动对培养情感技能的作用，可知本句也是在说明会影响青少年情绪技能的环境。故F选项“家庭在培养和培养这些技能方面起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选F。 【5题详解】 根据后文“It contributes to a teenager’s ability to manage their own emotions, understand others’ emotions, and face social complexities. This learning is a cornerstone for shaping their identity, influencing their interpersonal relationships, academic success, mental health, and future life outcomes.(它有助于青少年管理自己情绪，理解他人的情绪，以及面对社会复杂性的能力。这种学习是塑造他们的身份、影响他们的人际关系、学业成功、心理健康和未来生活成果的基石)”可知，本段总结了情感技能的重要性，C选项中Social emotion learning对应后文It。故C选项“对青少年来说，社会情感学习是必不可少的”符合语境，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·福建南安·期中） I believe in daydreaming now and then—especially when I’m hiking. Being in nature allows my mind to wander where it will, which often starts my creativity as a writer and musician. Now some new science suggests that daydreaming may actually make us happier and more creative. ___1___ Daydreaming may be good for creativity Mind—wandering has been associated with creativity for centuries. A study found that people who mind—wandered performed better on their task, the answer coming to them in a flash. ___2___ —it was just suddenly there. When people’s minds wander in ways that seem meaningful to them, they tend to have more creative ideas and feel more inspired at the end of the day, too. Interestingly, this is true for both writers and everyday people. ___3___ Now, findings from a 2021 study suggest that mind—wandering can actually improve your mood. In this study, the researchers found that when people’s thoughts were off—task, they generally felt more negative. But if their thoughts were free—moving. It had the opposite effect, helping people feel happier. ___4___ . If I simply put myself in a space that lets my mind move freely, I don’t get depressed. On the contrary, I’m happier because of it. Can we be better mind—wanderers? Researchers warn that mind—wandering when you need to be focused on a task could cause problems. So, let your mind wander when you’re doing tasks that don’t require focus. ___5___ . So, just having more control over when mind—wandering happens and the kind of thoughts that you have would be very useful. A. The key is that we do it the right way. B. Mind—wandering can help boost our mood. C. I find that science supports my own experience. D. Taking a break might be good for our productivity E. People didn’t even know how they got to the solution F. I hope people will explore the limits of mind—wandering G. This may help you feel better or come up with creative ideas 【答案】1. A 2. E 3. B 4. C 5. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章说明了人们在做事的时候大脑开小差, 在一定的情况下有利于人们的创造性思维, 并提出什么时候适合大脑开小差。 【1题详解】 根据上文“Now some new science suggests that daydreaming may actually make us happier and more creative.(现在一些新的科学表明，做白日梦实际上可能让我们更快乐，更有创造力。)”可知，做白日梦想有好处，但要注意方式，A项“关键是方式要正确”，符合上下文逻辑关系。故选A项。 【2题详解】 根据上文“A study found that people who mind—wandered performed better on their task, the answer coming to them in a flash.(一项研究发现，走心的人在任务上表现得更好，答案会瞬间出现。)”和下文“it was just suddenly there.(只是突然出现。)”可知，答案会突然出现在人的脑海中， E项“人们甚至不知道是怎么想到答案的”和空处上下句构成完整的信息链。故选E项。 【3题详解】 根据文章结构可知，空处应是小标题，是对空后一段的总结。本段主旨句“Now, findings from a 2021 study suggest that mind—wandering can actually improve your mood.(现在2021 年的一项研究结果表明，走神实际上可以改善你的情绪。)”说明走神能让人们心情好， 更快乐， 因此选B项“走神可以帮助提升你的情绪。”作为本节的小标题。故选B项。 【4题详解】 根据下文“If I simply put myself in a space that lets my mind move freely, I don’t get depressed. On the contrary, I’m happier because of it.(如果我只是把自己放在一个让我的思想自由活动的空间里，我就不会感到沮丧。 相反，我因此更快乐。)” 可知，作者提到了自己的经历，因此C项“我发现科学能够支持我自己的经历”符合上下文逻辑关系。故选C项。 【5题详解】 根据上文“Researchers warn that mind—wandering when you need to be focused on a task could cause problems. So, let your mind wander when you’re doing tasks that don’t require focus.(研究人员警告说，当你需要专注于一项任务时，走神可能会导致问题。 所以，当你做不需要集中注意力的任务时，才可以走神。)”，可知，选项继续说说明走神的好处。G项说“这会让你感觉更好，想出有创意的想法”， 符合语境。故选G项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·福建锦江中学·期中） Music is used across cultures and ages as a powerful mood regulator. ___1___ The emotional power of music is one of the main reasons why people devote so much time, energy, and money to it. People use music to achieve various goals, such as feeling more energized, keeping focused on tasks, and reducing boredom. Music offers a resource for emotion regulation. For instance, sad music enables listeners to stay away from painful situations. ___2___ Further, lyrics that have a connection with the listener’s personal experience can give voice to feelings or experiences that one might not be able to express oneself. Listening to soft and slow music, such as classical music, is better for managing negative emotions compared to hard or heavy music. ___3___ Music is a powerful emotional stimulus(刺激物) that changes our relationship with time. Time does indeed seem to fly when listening to pleasant music. Hearing pleasant music seems to keep attention away from time processing. Moreover, this attention-related shortening effect appears to be greater in the case of calm music with a slow tempo (节奏). For example, music is used in waiting rooms to reduce the subjective length of time spent waiting or in supermarkets to encourage people to stay for longer and buy more. ___4___ In sum, music can change our moods, emotions, and motivation. We can use music to express or challenge our moods. ___5___ For example, the protest song “Baraye” expresses Iranians’ (伊朗人的) painful complaints. A. Music can also show the mood on a national level. B. We regularly use music to comfort our souls and pain. C. Music are likely to affect a nation’s policies or decisions. D. This is because they focus instead on the beauty of the music. E. When listening to music, We are amazed at how quickly time passes by. F. Music shows that one’s understanding of the passage of time is subjective. G. Consumers spend more time in the grocery store when the background music is slow. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. F 4. G 5. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了音乐在不同文化和年龄段中被用作一种强大的情绪调节器，通过音乐可以表达或挑战我们的情绪，还可以在国家层面上表达情绪。 【1题详解】 根据上文“Music is used across cultures and ages as a powerful mood regulator.(音乐在不同文化和不同年龄段中都被用作一种强大的情绪调节器。)”可知，音乐可以用于调节情绪。B选项中“comfort our souls and pain”对应上文中“a powerful mood regulator”。故B选项“我们经常用音乐来安慰我们的灵魂和痛苦”符合语境。故选B。 【2题详解】 根据上文“For instance, sad music enables listeners to stay away from painful situations.(例如，悲伤的音乐使听众远离痛苦的情况。)”以及下文“Further, lyrics that have a connection with the listener’s personal experience can give voice to feelings or experiences that one might not be able to express oneself.(此外，与听众个人经历有关的歌词可以表达出一个人可能无法表达自己的感受或经历。)”可知，上文提到悲伤的音乐可以使人远离痛苦，后文则提到歌词与听众经历的联系，由此可知，空处承接上文，说明悲伤的音乐使人远离痛苦的原因。故D选项“这是因为他们反而专注于音乐之美”符合语境。故选D。 【3题详解】 根据下文“Music is a powerful emotional stimulus(刺激物) that changes our relationship with time. Time does indeed seem to fly when listening to pleasant music.(音乐是一种强大的情感刺激物，它改变了我们与时间的关系。听悦耳的音乐时，时间似乎确实过得飞快。)”可知，本段主要讲述了音乐表明一个人对时间流逝的理解是主观的。故F选项“音乐表明一个人对时间流逝的理解是主观的”符合语境，故选F。 【4题详解】 根据上文“For example, music is used in waiting rooms to reduce the subjective length of time spent waiting or in supermarkets to encourage people to stay for longer and buy more.(例如，音乐被用于候诊室以减少等待时间的主观长度，或被用于超市以鼓励人们停留更长时间并购买更多商品。)”可知，上文举例说明了音乐被用于超市以鼓励人们停留更长时间并购买更多商品，G选项中“spend more time”对应上文中“stay for longer”。故G选项“当背景音乐缓慢时，消费者在杂货店花费的时间更多”符合语境，引起下文。故选G。 【5题详解】 根据下文“For example, the protest song “Baraye” expresses Iranians (伊朗人的) painful complaints.(例如，抗议歌曲《Baraye》表达了伊朗人痛苦的抱怨。)”可知，下文举例说明了抗议歌曲《Baraye》表达了伊朗人痛苦的抱怨，可见音乐可以表达一个国家人民的心情，即音乐也可以在国家层面上表达情绪。故A选项“音乐也可以在国家层面上表达情绪'”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·福建厦门六中·期中） So, what does it take to be great? I thoroughly reject the “10 years, 10,000 hours” notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time. ___1___ Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes. If you received good ones from your parents thank them. If you didn’t, don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either. ___2___ Inborn ability is certainly a wonderful thing to have been given, but it is a bit overrated. ___3___ What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great, but it isn’t enough. The world is full of gifted failures, of “can’t miss kids” who missed. Talent is only the starting point to greatness and, if you’ re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery, it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning the race to be great. ___4___ You have to work hard. push your limits, and struggle mightily to get to the finish for anything in life worth pursuing greatness in. Ultimately, being great isn’t about being objectively great because, as noted above, the chances that you will achieve true greatness in some aspect of your life is, statistically, very small. ___5___ I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with. That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement, but, if you do what is necessary, you will find a reasonable level of success. A. Instead, let it go and focus on what you can control. B. But, of course, races aren’t won at the start, but at the finish C. Rather, your goal should be to find your own personal greatness. D. Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness. E. You might think that personal greatness isn’t the same as true greatness. F. The reality is that genes matter, whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent. G. They enjoy the struggles they experienced and the satisfaction of overcoming them. 【答案】1. F 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章就怎样才能成为伟大的人发表自己观点，即充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力，从而找到一个合理的成功水平。 【1题详解】 由上文“So, what does it take to be great? I thoroughly reject the ‘10 years, 10,000 hours’ notion that anyone can be an expert if they just put in enough time.(那么，怎样才能成为伟大的人呢？我坚决反对‘10年，10000小时’的观点，即只要投入足够的时间，任何人都可以成为专家。)”可知，作者这里否定只要时间足够就能成为专家，而F项The reality is that genes matter, whether inborn intelligence or inborn physical talent.(事实上，基因很重要，无论是天生的智力还是天生的身体天赋。)符合语境，即提出自己的观点——基因决定能否成为伟人，且The reality 与下文Another reality 对应，有启下作用。故选F项。 【2题详解】 由上文“Another reality though is that you can’t control your genes. If you received good ones from your parents thank them. If you didn’t, don’t blame your parents because they didn’t choose their genes either. (另一个现实是，你无法控制你的基因。如果你得到了父母的好基因，感谢他们。如果你没有，不要责怪你的父母，因为他们也没有选择自己的基因。)”可知，这里讲你无法控制你的基因，而A项Instead, let it go and focus on what you can control.(相反，不必追究它，专注于你能控制的事情。)符合语境，其中Instead与上文形成转折，can control也与上文 can’t control形成对比。故选A项。 【3题详解】 由下文“What this means is that you need inborn ability to be great, but it isn’t enough. (这意味着你需要天生的能力才能变得伟大，但这还不够。)”可知，这里讲天生的能力也并不足够让你变得伟大，而D项Inborn ability is a necessary but not sufficient contributor to greatness.(天生的能力是伟大的必要因素，但还不够。)符合语境，其中Inborn ability与上下文对应，下句也对本句进行了解释说明，所以本句有启下作用。故选D项。 【4题详解】 由上文“Talent is only the starting point to greatness and, if you’ re fortunate enough to have won the genetic lottery, it puts you ahead of the field at the beginning the race to be great. (天赋只是伟大的起点，如果你足够幸运地赢得了基因彩票，它会让你在比赛一开始就处于领先地位。) ”可知，这里主要讲天赋只是让你起点领先，但不保证终点能领先。而B项But, of course, races aren’t won at the start, but at the finish(但是，当然，比赛不是在开始时获胜，而是在结束时获胜)符合语境，其中at the start与上文at the beginning对应，at the finish与下文get to the finish 对应，所以本句有承上启下作用。故选B项。 【5题详解】 由下文“I define that as fully realizing whatever ability you were born with. That inborn ability may not be enough to be a superstar in your area of achievement, but, if you do what is necessary, you will find a reasonable level of success.(我将其定义为充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力。这种与生俱来的能力可能不足以成为你成就领域的超级明星，但如果你做了必要的事情，你会找到一个合理的成功水平。)”可知，这里主要讲充分认识到你与生俱来的任何能力来实现适合你自己的伟大，而C项Rather, your goal should be to find your own personal greatness.(相反，你的目标应该是找到自己的个人伟大之处。)符合语境，其中 your own personal greatness为下文 that的指代内容，所以本句有启下作用。故选C项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $