2026年中考第二次模拟考试卷(南京专用)

保密★启用前 真题重组：2026年中考第二次模拟考试卷(南京专用) 英语 （笔试满分100分，考试时间100分钟） 注意事项： 1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第I卷(非选择题)两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第I卷（客观题 共55分） 一、单项选择(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 1．（2025·江苏南京·二模）Chinese believe that if it rains ________ the day of the Start of Autumn, a good harvest is expected. A．to B．at C．in D．on 2．（2025·江苏南京·二模）The smart cleaning robot, after sweeping the floor completely, can clean ________ to stay dust-free without our help. A．it B．itself C．them D．themselves 3．（2025·江苏南京·二模）—Let’s take a city walk down Yihe Road. I like the ________ feeling here. —It feels like time has stopped. A．safe B．warm C．excited D．peaceful 4．（2025·江苏南京·二模）—Are we allowed to take photos in Dunhuang Museum? —No, you ________. It does much harm to the artworks over time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．couldn’t D．shouldn’t 5．（2025·江苏南京·二模）Xiaolu is invited to his British friend Jack’s home for dinner. He knows little about the customs, so he asks DeepSeek ________. A．whether must he arrive exactly on time B．what subjects were avoided during dinner C．that bringing flowers would be a good idea D．how long he can stay before saying goodbye 6．（2025·江苏南京·二模）My uncle is the person who is always ready to ______ challenges any time. A．go on B．keep on C．take on D．carry on 7．（2025·江苏南京·二模）______ fresh stories and wonderful pictures, many Chinese films have impressed people all over the world. A．As B．With C．Upon D．Between 8．（2025·江苏南京·二模）The book The travels of Marco Polo made Europeans more and more ______ the East. A．proud of B．interested in C．satisfied with D．worried about 9．（2025·江苏南京·二模）Life sometimes ______ to be unexpected. Staying calm and giving your best effort is the key. A．works out B．breaks out C．turns out D．runs out 10．（2025·江苏南京·二模）“Please don’t kill me.” This is what a girl said when she was ________ by a sea lion in California, US. A．attracted B．attacked C．arrested D．achieved 11．（2025·江苏南京·二模）—Do you know ______? —It’s on May 18th. Every museum around the world is free to visitors. A．when is the International Museum Day B．when the International Museum Day is C．whether museums are open to the public for free D．whether are museums open to the public for free 12．（2025·江苏南京·二模）There are ups and downs in life, and we should think about ______ we learn from them. A．why B．what C．which D．where 13．（2025·江苏南京·二模）What a ________ boy Bourne is! He always tells us funny jokes. A．lucky B．modest C．patient D．humorous 14．（2025·江苏南京·二模）What does the comic strip mainly aim to express? A．Hobbies matter a lot in our daily lives. B．We have wonderful views of the beach. C．The beach is the best place for collectors. D．We can find pleasure in protecting nature. 15．（2025·江苏南京·二模）When the number of visitors in Nanjing Museum becomes larger at weekends, the Volunteer Club is willing to do something ________ everything in order. A．to keep B．kept C．keeping D．to keeping 二、完形填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) （2025·江苏南京·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A group of teenagers was boarding a train for an overnight journey from Melbourne to Sydney. They were excited and looking forward to the fun they would have. Just as the last youth was about to board, he 16 an elderly lady struggling (艰难行进) to get into the next carriage. When he made his way along the platform to help her, she suddenly fell to the ground. The youth immediately helped her up and with some 17 guided her to her seat. After he had placed her heavy bag in the luggage rack, he found that she was still uncertain after her heavy fall. He sat beside her and comforted her. Soon, some of his friends entered the carriage. “Hurry up, Sam!” they yelled. “You’re 18 out on all the fun we’re having.” Sam was not sure if the elderly lady was well enough to be left alone. “Don’t worry about me,” he said happily. “I’ll come when 19 is OK.” When they left, the old lady spoke to Sam. “You go off with your friends,” she said. “You’re young and you can have lots of fun! I’ll be alright.” “No,” Sam replied. “I’ve got the rest of my life to have fun.” Soon, the pair began to chat. The old lady asked Sam about his hopes and dreams and told Sam about her life when she was young. Sam was 20 by her breathtaking (扣人心弦的) stories and listened carefully to every word she said. They chatted together all through the night 21 the train raced northwards. When they reached Sydney, the elderly lady thanked Sam gratefully. “No,” replied Sam, “it is 22 who should be grateful because your stories have enriched me greatly.” Later in life, Sam had tried many ways to make a living. However, none was 23 and times were hard for him and his young family. One day Sam received a(an) 24 from a solicitor (事务律师). “Sam, I think you should come to my office. I have some news for you,” was the voice message. A worried Sam entered the solicitor’s office the next day. The solicitor looked at Sam and smiled. “I suppose this will come as a 25 but you have been named in a lady’s will. She has left you money and property worth over a million dollars.” 16．A．left B．noticed C．caught D．remembered 17．A．joy B．effort C．wisdom D．courage 18．A．missing B．moving C．coming D．checking 19．A．nothing B．anything C．everything D．something 20．A．scared B．accepted C．protected D．attracted 21．A．as B．since C．because D．although 22．A．we B．I C．you D．they 23．A．possible B．creative C．important D．successful 24．A．call B．email C．letter D．suggestion 25．A．pleasure B．business C．surprise D．challenge 三、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A.（2025·江苏南京·二模） The Pencil Museum, Cumbria Home of the world’s first pencils It is a museum all about the history of the everyday pencil. There are free daily artists’ shows and workshops, so you can enter from one end of the museum and go out with a drawing from another end. The museum locates in the lovely Lake District. There are many wonderful shops around the museum for stationery (文具) lovers. Entrance: adults £4, children £3. 26．What is the Pencil Museum about? A．The use of the future pencil. B．The designs of the future pencil. C．The styles of the everyday pencil. D．The history of the everyday pencil. 27．How much does it cost for a child with his parents to enter the museum? A．£3. B．£4. C．£7. D．£11. B.（2025·江苏南京·二模） High above the clouds in Huangshan, Anhui province, a team of 18 brave cleaners known as “spidermen” climb down cliffs (悬崖) to protect the UNESCO World Heritage Site (联合国世界文化遗产地). Among them is Li Peisheng, 51, a national model worker honored for his 25 years of service. Li’s job involves collecting rubbish from cliffs and saving dropped objects like phones. Working for Huangshan Tourism Development Co, he and his team keep the beauty of famous peaks like Lotus Peak (1,864 m) and Bright Peak (1,860 m). “At first, I trembled while climbing 50-meter cliffs,” Li recalls. “I hit rocks and got hurt, but I learned ta balance.” Safety is important. Workers operate in pairs—one collects rubbish while the other controls ropes. Li’s first partner, Xie Tianxing, shared eight years of teamwork. Since 2022, he’s partnered with Wang Nianfeng. “A single mistake could be a disaster,” Li says. Applicants must pass strict health checks and safety training. Twenty years ago, Li climbed 10 times daily to clean up after 800,000 yearly visitors. Today, 4.5 million tourists come to Huangshan yearly, but daily times dropped to 4-5. “People now carry rubbish bags,” Li notes. A mother once told her child, “Don’t litter—see those heroes risking their lives?” In 2022, Li and colleague Hu Xiaochun became guardians of the 1,300-year-old “Guest-Greeting Pine”, a Huangshan symbol. “We safeguard these mountains for future generations,” Li says. His work, though dangerous, fills him with pride: “Every clean cliff and happy tourist makes it worthwhile.” Thanks to Li and his team, Huangshan’s “cloud-wrapped pines and jagged peaks” remain untouched by time—and rubbish. 28．What does the underlined word “service” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．Offering medical help to sick visitors. B．Guiding tourists to the top of the mountain. C．Collecting rubbish and saving fallen things. D．Safeguarding the people visiting the mountain. 29．How do the cleaners keep safe while working according to Paragraph 3? A．They go for working in good weather conditions. B．They wear special shoes to prevent falling down cliffs. C．They manage to exercise together after work every day. D．They work in pairs by collecting rubbish and controlling ropes. 30．How have the tourists changed over the last years? A．People now carry rubbish bags and litter less. B．People visit Huangshan less often than before. C．The young climb the cliffs with parents around. D．Tourists take photos of nice views of Huangshan. 31．Which of the following may be the most suitable title for the passage? A．Heroes Keeping Huangshan Clean B．New Ways to Make Huangshan Cleaner C．Awareness of Environmental Protection D．Development of Tourism in Anhui Province C. （2025·江苏南京·二模）    It’s an autumn morning. Marianne enters her mother’s house, planning to sort through (整理) her mother’s things. Her mother passed away years ago. Marianne: (Looking around) Well, Mama, it looks like I have a lot to do. Mama: Why don’t you start in the living room? There is probably something you’ve never seen. Try that cabinet (橱柜) next to the television. Marianne: (She opens the cabinet doors—a “mountain” of material, books and hats, pours out.) My god, when was the last time you cleaned this out? Mama: I could never throw anything away. (Marianne digs through the pile and finds an old yearbook.) Marianne: Mama... you were the class poet? Why didn’t you tell me? Mama: I had forgotten about it. Most children don’t want to hear what their parents did when they were young. But then, you were never most children. Marianne: (Reads part of the poem, begins to cry) Through years of joy and sorrow, We’ve tried to find success... And in the loving arms, We’ll find ourselves safe beyond the blue. Mama: That’s where I am. “Safe beyond the blue.” Marianne, don’t cry. I’m fine. Daddy’s fine. This is a fine place. Marianne: Mama, if I could just turn back time. I missed chances to say the right thing and do the right thing. I didn’t visit you as often as I should have. I spoke crossly to you when you asked questions out of love and care. Oh, if only I could just tell you how sorry I am, and how much I love you. Mama: You did, more than you know. Every laugh, every memory—you show your love. Don’t carry regrets, darling. We all do our best. Every child, every parent has something they wished they had said or done when they had the chance. Marianne: I miss you so much. I feel like when the house is empty, you’ll be gone too. Mama: (placing invisible (看不见的) hands on her shoulders) I’m always with you. Daddy too. We’re part of you. Trust that love. Marianne: (Looks around, as if someone has entered the room.) Mama? Are you there? I know you’re here, right? Mama: Of course. After the living room, check the cabinet in the dining room. There’s treasure there. Postcards from all over the world, more pictures, even a copy of the speeding ticket your daddy got in 1953… Marianne: I love you, Mama. (Mama kisses her gently. Disappears.) 32．Why does Marianne come to her mother’s house? A．To pay a visit to her parents. B．To take away her own things. C．To organize her mother’s things. D．To prepare the house for sale. 33．What does Marianne mean by saying “I feel like when the house is empty, you’ll be gone too.”? A．Mama will return if the house is there. B．Her mother wants her to keep everything. C．The house will be very quiet without anything. D．She may lose connection with Mama’s memory. 34．How do Marianne’s feelings change after reading the poem? A．From fear to hope. B．From regret to peace. C．From doubt to confidence. D．From sadness to happiness. 35．What is the theme of the play? A．A daughter finds some old things in her mother’s house. B．Family members sometimes don’t understand each other. C．A mother and daughter argue and then forgive each other. D．We can still feel love from someone after he or she is gone. D.（2025·江苏南京·二模） Have you ever wondered what it is like to be an astronaut? They face many challenges in space. Weightlessness is bad for human health. It can cause muscle and bone loss as well as vision (视觉) problems. Cosmic radiation (宇宙辐射) can harm their DNA．So, we need to understand how the human body changes in space. But researchers don’t have a good understanding of what actually happens to DNA in space. Studying telomeres (端粒), the “end-parts” of chromosomes (染色体) that protect the ends of the DNA, may help. Researchers know that telomeres get shorter as people get older. Stress, smoking and unhealthy environments make telomeres shorter, too. The length of telomeres is connected to the risk of heart disease and cancer. This makes them important to study for human health. In 2015, NASA did a study on the twin astronauts Scott and Mark Kelly. Scott spent a year on the International Space Station while Mark stayed on Earth. Researchers found Scott’s telomeres increased in length while in space. His telomeres then quickly shortened when he returned to Earth. In fact, they were even shorter than before he went into space. The study gave researchers valuable new information about astronaut health. To find out if the same changes happen during a shorter trip, another study was done on four astronauts who carried on a 3-day mission (任务). Their telomeres were longer during spaceflight. But when they returned to Earth, their telomeres shortened quickly. They slowly returned to near normal length about 2 months later. Both studies showed that space trips, even short ones, can change telomere length. Scientists think telomere length changes because of cosmic radiation exposure. Radiation, which is everywhere in space, can harm DNA．Spending more time in space also means more exposure. The International Space Station has protection in areas people use often. This helps protect the astronauts from some radiation. But what if humans want to travel to or stay on other planets someday? We need a better method to reduce radiation harm. Space is a dangerous environment. We don’t know a lot about how it can influence people’s health for a long time, especially their DNA．The more we know, the better we will be able to keep our astronauts healthy. By learning more about changes like telomere length, scientists can find ways to protect future space travellers. As space tourism becomes more common, this knowledge will be key to keeping people safe and healthy in space. 36．Which problem may weightlessness bring to astronauts in space? A．Cancer. B．Bone loss. C．Heart disease. D．Hearing problems. 37．Why is studying telomeres important according to the passage? A．Because it creates a healthy environment. B．Because it helps reduce astronauts’ stress. C．Because it protects astronauts from radiation. D．Because it shows how DNA changes in space. 38．What can we learn from the two studies? A．Scott’s telomeres returned to near normal length finally. B．The time of spaceflight decides telomere length changes. C．All the astronauts’ telomeres were longer during spaceflight. D．The twin astronauts both carried on a 1-year mission in space. 39．How does the writer show the influence of space on human health? A．By listing numbers. B．By providing examples. C．By giving instructions. D．By introducing backgrounds. 40．What is the main purpose of this article? A．To compare life on Earth and in space. B．To share stories about famous astronauts. C．To explain how space affects DNA and health. D．To introduce why space tourism develops rapidly. 第II卷（主观题 共45分） 四、选词填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A.（2025·江苏南京·二模）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次。 pleasant     watch     differences     for a while     development In Jiangnan, gardens are often connected to Kunqu Opera. The well-known architect (建筑师) Chen Congzhou once explained the 41 of Kunqu Opera. It appeared with the progress of classical Chinese garden design. He pointed out that the 42 between Kunqu Opera and Chinese gardens are just in their forms of expression. In other words, Kunqu Opera is a garden for the ears and a garden is Kunqu Opera for the eyes. The best place to 43 Kunqu Opera is in a classical Chinese garden. As you sit in Zhanyuan Garden in the evening, it is 44 to enjoy the Kunqu Opera The Peony Pavilion on a stone boat. Nice movements, wonderful singing, the bright moon, cool wind and the beautiful garden will drive away any bad mood. After sitting and watching 45 , my friend and I experienced how ancient people lived—with such an impressive garden and attractive opera shows. B.（2025·江苏南京·二模）请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余选项。 what    the importance of    against    personal    how    like China is making big efforts to help people control their weight and live healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management Year” plan from 2024—2027 to fight 46 obesity (肥胖). It hopes to help people understand 47 managing their weight and living healthily. The plan has many parts. First, the government will teach people more about 48 to manage their weight. This means telling people to eat healthily, exercise more, and know the truth about losing weight. Doctors and health groups will help share the correct information. Second, the plan supports making smart tools that can watch people’s weight. It also wants to use AI to give people advice on 49 health plans. By 2030, China hopes to deal with the increase in obesity through education and support. Remember, losing weight isn’t about being perfect—just start with small changes, 50 drinking water instead of soda or taking the stairs instead of the lift. With these easy steps, everyone can have a healthier future. 五、任务型阅读(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) （2025·江苏南京·二模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后小题的空格里填入最恰当的内容。注意：1-8题每个空格只填1个单词：9-10题词数不限。 Last month, a half marathon was held in Beijing. China. About 12,000 runners took part. On a separate track (跑道). beside the human runners, 21 humanoid (human-like) robots took on the same challenge and six of them finished the race. Saturday’s race was held in E-Town, a technology center in Beijing. There have been robot races before, but not this long. A half marathon is 13.1 miles (21 kilometers) long. The distance was meant to challenge the robots, and allow their developers to see how the robots managed under real-life conditions. The robots that raced were in different shapes and sizes. The largest, called “Tiangong Ultra” was 5 feet, 8 inches (180 centimeters) tall. The smallest, called “Little Giant” was just under two and a half feet (75 centimeters) tall. To join the race, the robots had to run on two feet, like humans. Each robot started at a slightly different time—a good idea, since some of the robots fell down right at the start. To give each robot the best chance, each traveled with support workers. Support workers carried devices to control their robots. Some workers followed their robots; others led them. Workers helping faster robots had to jog the whole time. Those with slower robots just walked. The early part of the race was the easiest because the course was flat. Later, things became more difficult. The course had 14 turns, and there were small hills to run up or down. In some places, railroad tracks crossed the road, and the robots had to manage the uneven (不平滑的) surface. As with human runners, low energy was a problem for the robots, too. Tiangong fell once because of a low battery. The same thing happened to other robots, too. However, the biggest challenge was overheating. It was cool in the morning, but as the day heated up. workers made great efforts to keep the robots cool. At one point, Little Giant had smoke coming out of its head. The first robot to cross the finish line was Tiangong. It finished the race in 2 hours, 40 minutes, and 42 seconds. That was far behind most human runners. But the goal of the race wasn’t to win, it was to finish. And six of the robots managed to meet that goal. The race turned out to be a success, even for the robots who didn’t finish. Their efforts produced a lot of information that will help their developers improve future humanoid robots. Human-Like Robots Run Half Marathon in China Introduction Last month in Beijing, about 12,000 people took part in a half marathon, 51 did 21 humanoid robots. 52 To put the robots to the test and let their developers know how they deal with real-world conditions. Detailed information ·The robots in 53 shapes and sizes joined in the race and started at a slightly different time. ·The workers who 54 the faster robots had to jog the whole time. However, those with slower robots simply walked with them. ·The early part of the race was easy, but later,14 turns, small hills, and uneven surfaces made the race more of a 55 . ·It was cool in the morning, yet as the temperature 56 , support workers tried to prevent the robots from overheating. ·Tiangong Ultra became the first robot to cross the finish line, and six robots met this goal 57 . Conclusion The information collected from the race made a 58 to improving future humanoid robots, so the race was considered a success. Your opinion What do you think of the humanoid robots in this article? 59 What abilities do you expect humanoid robots to have in the future? 60 六、短文填空(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分) （2025·江苏南京·二模）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使短文内容完整正确。 “How can you know spring’s beauty 61 (除非) you enter the garden?” This famous sentence comes from the classic work The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》). Many Jiangnan cities 62 (仍然) have ancient gardens. In Nanjing is one of the Four Great Gardens of Jiangnan—Zhanyuan Garden. In the garden, you can see old pavilions and amazing man-made hills, which make it 63 (完美的) for taking photos or sitting quietly. The garden is especially beautiful in spring and autumn when flowers come out and 64 (叶子) turn golden. People often 65 (赞扬) the natural beauty and special design of Zhanyuan Garden, a hidden treasure of classical Chinese landscape in Nanjing. 七、书面表达(本大题共20分) 66．（2025·江苏南京·二模）很多看似微不足道的小事，都可能带来温暖、信心或者成长。学校英语校刊Kids Post正在举办以“A small ________(act/ change/ idea/...) makes a big difference”为主题的征文活动。请根据材料提示撰写一篇短文。 注意：1.补全题目，确保完整准确； 2.词数80左右，内容需包含具体经历； 3.文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。 A small ________ makes a big difference __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ( …………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○……………………○…………内…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○………… ) ( ※※请※※不※※要※※在※※装※※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※ ) ( …………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○………… ) ( 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ ) ( …………○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○………… ) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 一、单项选择 1．D 【详解】句意：中国人相信，如果在立秋那天下雨，那么就预示着会有一个好收成。 考查介词辨析。to朝，向；at在具体时间；in在大时间范围；on在具体某一天。根据“the day of the Start of Autumn”可知，此处指的是在立秋这一天，表示在具体的某一天，应该用介词on。故选D。 2．B 【详解】句意：智能清洁机器人在完成扫地后，能够自行清洁，无需我们帮助就能保持无尘状态。 考查代词辨析。it它；itself它自己；them他们；themselves它们自己。根据“can clean...to stay dust-free without our help.”可知，此处说明智能扫地机器人可以自行清洁。The smart cleaning robot作主语，此处使用反身代词itself。故选B。 3．D 【详解】句意：——我们沿着沂河路在城里散步吧。我喜欢这里宁静的氛围。——感觉时间都停止了。 考查形容词辨析。safe安全的；warm温暖的；excited兴奋的；peaceful宁静的；平和的。根据答语“It feels like time has stopped（感觉时间停止了）”可知，沂河路的氛围给人一种“时光静止”的静谧感，强调环境的安宁。故选D。 4．A 【详解】句意：——我们被允许在敦煌博物馆拍照吗？——不，你们禁止拍照。随着时间的推移，它对艺术品造成了很大的伤害。 考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止；needn’t不必；couldn’t不能；shouldn’t不应该。根据“It does much harm to the artworks over time.”可知，拍照的行为会对艺术品造成很大的伤害，应是禁止拍照。故选A。 5．D 【详解】句意：小陆受邀去英国朋友杰克家吃晚餐。他对相关习俗知之甚少，于是询问Deep Seek自己在道别前可以停留多久。 考查宾语从句。whether must he arrive exactly on time他是否必须准时到达（疑问语序）；what subjects were avoided during dinner晚餐期间避免谈论哪些话题（一般过去时）；that bringing flowers would be a good idea带花去会是个好主意；how long he can stay before saying goodbye他在道别前可以待多久。根据“He knows little about the customs, so he asks Deep Seek...”可知，空处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，因此排除选项A；ask sb. sth.“询问某人某事”，此处的宾语从句应是表疑问意义，排除选项C；结合语境可知，小陆还未去到杰克家吃晚餐，事情还未发生，不可用一般过去时，排除选项B。故选D。 6．C 【详解】句意：我叔叔是一个随时准备接受挑战的人。 考查动词辨析。go on继续；keep on继续；take on承受，接受；carry on坚持。根据“challenges”及语境，可知此处指叔叔是一个总是随时接受挑战的人，故选C。 7．B 【详解】句意：凭借新鲜的故事和精彩的画面，许多中国电影给全世界的人们留下了深刻印象。 考查介词辨析。as作为；with凭借、带有；upon在……之上；between在……之间。根据“fresh stories and wonderful pictures”可知，此处表示“凭借这些元素”，应用with引出伴随的条件或手段。故选B。 8．B 【详解】句意：《马可波罗游记》使欧洲人对东方越来越感兴趣。 考查形容词短语。proud of以……为傲；interested in对……感兴趣；satisfied with满意；worried about担心。根据“made Europeans more and more...the East”可知这本书让欧洲人对东方感兴趣。故选B。 9．C 【详解】句意：生活有时会出乎意料。保持冷静并尽最大努力是关键。 考查动词短语。work out解决；break out爆发；turn out结果是；run out用完。根据“to be unexpected”可知生活中有时结果是出乎意料的，turns out符合语境。故选C。 10．B 【详解】句意：“请不要杀我。” 这是美国加利福尼亚州一名女孩被海狮攻击时所说的话。 考查动词辨析。attracted吸引 ；attacked攻击 ；arrested逮捕 ；achieved实现、取得。根据“Please don’t kill me.”可知，女孩是遭遇了海狮的攻击。故选B。 11．B 【详解】句意：——你知道国际博物馆日是什么时候吗？——是5月18日。世界各地的每个博物馆都对游客免费开放。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AD；根据“It’s on May 18th”可知此处询问时间，用when引导宾语从句。故选B。 12．B 【详解】句意：生活中有起有落，我们应该思考我们能从中学到什么。 考查宾语从句引导词辨析。why为什么；what什么；which哪一个；where哪里。分析句子结构可知，“we learn from them”是宾语从句，且从句中缺少learn的宾语，表示“学到什么”，所以应该用what来引导。故选B。 13．D 【详解】句意：Bourne是一个多么幽默的男孩啊！他总是给我们讲有趣的笑话。 考查形容词辨析。lucky幸运的；modest谦虚的；patient有耐心的；humorous幽默的。根据“He always tells us funny jokes.”可见，男孩很幽默。故选D。 14．D 【详解】句意：这幅漫画主要表达什么？ 考查交际运用能力。Hobbies matter a lot in our daily lives.爱好在我们日常生活中很重要；We have wonderful views of the beach.我们拥有沙滩的美景；The beach is the best place for collectors.沙滩是捡物品的人的最佳地点；We can find pleasure in protecting nature.我们能在保护自然过程中发现乐趣。根据图片和文字“①在过去，我常常在沙滩捡漂亮的石头；②我感到很满足；③现在捡不同的东西；④并且，我仍然同样满足。”可知，现在捡可回收的物品和其他垃圾使他感到满足。故选D。 15．A 【详解】句意：当周末南京博物院的参观人数增多时，志愿者俱乐部愿意采取行动以确保一切秩序井然。 考查非谓语动词。“...everything in order”是“do something”的目的，所以此处选填动词不定式形式作目的状语。故选A。 二、完形填空 16．B 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．D 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 【导语】本文讲述了一个叫Sam的年轻人在火车上帮助一位摔倒的老太太，并放弃与朋友玩乐的机会全程陪伴她。老太太被他的善良感动，后来在遗嘱中留给他价值百万的财产，改变了Sam的困境。故事传递了善有善报的主题 16．句意：就在最后一个年轻人正要上车时，他注意到一位老妇人艰难地要进入隔壁车厢。 left离开；noticed注意到；caught抓住、赶上；remembered记得。根据“Just as the last youth was about to board, he...an elderly lady struggling to get into the next carriage.”可知，这里是说年轻人“注意到”了老妇人的情况，此处使用“noticed”意为“注意到”，符合语境。故选B。 17．句意：年轻人立即扶她起来，并费了些力气把她领到座位上。 joy快乐；effort努力；wisdom智慧；courage勇气。根据“The youth immediately helped her up and with some...guided her to her seat.”可知，年轻人帮助老妇人坐到座位上是需要花费一些“力气”的，此处使用“effort”意为“努力”，符合语境。“with some effort”表示“费了些力气”。故选B。 18．句意：你错过了我们正在享受的所有乐趣。 missing错过；moving移动；coming来；checking检查。根据“‘You’re...out on all the fun we’re having”可知，他因为帮助老妇人而“错过”了大家一起玩的乐趣，此处使用“missing”意为“错过”，符合语境。“missing out on all the fun”表示“错过所有的乐趣”。故选A。 19．句意：一切都好的时候我就来。 nothing没有什么；anything任何事；everything一切；something某事。根据“I’ll come when...is OK.”可知，山姆不确定老妇人是否安好，所以说当“一切”都没问题了他就会去找朋友们，此处使用“everything”意为“一切”，符合语境。“everything is OK”表示“一切都好”。故选C。 20．句意：山姆被她扣人心弦的故事吸引住了，仔细地听着她说的每一个字。 scared使害怕；accepted接受；protected保护；attracted吸引。根据“Sam was..by her breathtaking stories and listened carefully to every word she said.”可知，山姆认真听老妇人讲的故事，说明他被故事“吸引”了，此处使用“attracted”意为“吸引”，符合语境。“be attracted by”表示“被……吸引”。故选D。 21．句意：当火车向北疾驰时，他们聊了一整晚。 as当……时；since自从；because因为；although尽管。根据“They chatted together all through the night...the train raced northwards.”可知，这里表示在火车行驶的过程中，他们一直在聊天，“as”引导时间状语从句，有“当……时候”的意思，强调两个动作同时进行，符合语境。故选A。 22．句意：应该感激的是我，因为你的故事让我受益匪浅。 we我们；I我；you你；they他们。根据“it is...who should be grateful because your stories have enriched me greatly.”可知，山姆认为是老妇人的故事让他收获很多，所以他觉得“自己”应该感激老妇人，这里用“I”表示“我”，符合语境。故选B。 23．句意：然而，没有一种方法是成功的，他和他的小家庭日子过得很艰难。 possible可能的；creative有创造力的；important重要的；successful成功的。根据“However, none was...and times were hard for him and his young family.”可知，山姆的生活很艰难，说明他尝试的谋生方法都没有“成功”，此处使用“successful”表示“成功的”，符合语境。故选D。 24．句意：一天，山姆接到了一位事务律师的电话。 call电话；email电子邮件；letter信件；suggestion建议。根据“One day Sam received a(an)...from a solicitor”可知，句中指山姆接到了“电话”，此处使用“call”意为“电话”，符合语境，“receive a call”表示“接到一个电话”。故选A。 25．句意：我想这会让你感到惊讶，但在一位女士的遗嘱中提到了你。 pleasure快乐；business生意；surprise惊讶；challenge挑战。根据“I suppose this will come as a...but you have been named in a lady’s will.”可知，山姆没想到自己会在一位女士的遗嘱中被提到，这对他来说是很意外的事情，因此感到“惊讶”，此处使用“surprise”意为“惊讶”，符合语境。“come as a surprise”表示“令人惊讶”。故选C。 3、 阅读理解 A： 26．D 27．D 【导语】本文介绍了位于英国坎布里亚郡的铅笔博物馆。 26．细节理解题。根据“It is a museum all about the history of the everyday pencil.”可知，博物馆是关于日常铅笔的历史。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据“Entrance: adults £4, children £3.”可知，2×£4(父母)+1×£3(儿童)=£11。故选D。 B： 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了安徽黄山上一群被称为“蜘蛛人”的勇敢清洁工，他们攀爬悬崖清理垃圾、拯救掉落物品，以保护联合国世界文化遗产地。其中，李培胜作为全国劳动模范，已有25年服务经验。他们的工作充满危险，但通过成对工作、严格控制安全等措施确保安全。近年来，游客环保意识提高，乱扔垃圾现象减少。李培胜和他的团队为守护黄山美景感到自豪，他们的努力让黄山的“云海松涛、奇峰怪石”得以保持原貌。 28．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Li’s job involves collecting rubbish from cliffs and saving dropped objects like phones.”可知，李培胜的工作包括从悬崖上收集垃圾和拯救掉落的物品，如手机。因此，第一段中提到的“service”指的是他25年来所从事的这项工作，即收集垃圾和拯救掉落的物品。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Workers operate in pairs—one collects rubbish while the other controls ropes.”可知，清洁工人们成对工作，一个收集垃圾，另一个控制绳索，以确保安全。故选D。 30．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“‘People now carry rubbish bags,’ Li notes.”可知，现在人们会携带垃圾袋，说明游客们现在更注重环保，乱扔垃圾的情况减少了。故选A。 31．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了以李培胜为代表的清洁工人们在黄山悬崖上清理垃圾、保护环境的事迹，他们被称为“蜘蛛人”，是黄山的守护者。因此，最合适的标题应该是“Heroes Keeping Huangshan Clean”（守护黄山清洁的英雄们）。故选A。 C： 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．D 【导语】本文以 “整理遗物” 为线索，通过超现实的对话探讨 “死亡与爱的延续”。Marianne从悔恨到接受的过程，揭示了“记忆与情感超越物理存在” 的主题。 32．细节理解题。根据“Marianne enters her mother’s house, planning to sort through (整理) her mother’s things. Her mother passed away years ago.”可知，Marianne来到她妈妈的家里是因为她想整理母亲遗物。故选C。 33．词义猜测题。根据“(placing invisible (看不见的) hands on her shoulders) I’m always with you. Daddy too. We’re part of you. Trust that love.”可知，Marianne的妈妈回应会与她同在，故空处句子字面意为“我感觉房间都空了，你也离我远去。”，实则意味着“她担心清空房屋会彻底失去与母亲的精神联结”。故选D。 34．推理判断题。根据“Mama, if I could just turn back time...Mama, if I could just turn back time. I missed chances to say...I spoke crossly to you when you asked questions out of love and care. Oh, if only I could just tell you how sorry I am, and how much I love you.”以及“I love you, Mama.”可知，读诗时Marianne哭泣并倾诉悔恨，体现强烈愧疚；母亲安慰后，她最终释然地说“我爱你”，情绪转为平静。故选B。 35．主旨大意题。本文以 “整理遗物” 为线索，通过超现实的对话探讨 “死亡与爱的延续”。Marianne从悔恨到接受的过程，揭示了“记忆与情感超越物理存在” 的主题。故选D。 D：36．B 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．C 【导语】本文探讨了太空环境对人体健康，特别是DNA的影响。 36．细节理解题。根据“It can cause muscle and bone loss as well as vision (视觉) problems.”可知，失重可能给宇航员带来的问题是骨量减少。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据“Scientists think telomere length changes because of cosmic radiation exposure. Radiation, which is everywhere in space, can harm DNA.”并结合文章内容可知，研究端粒很重要，因为它显示了DNA在太空中的变化。故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据“Researchers found Scott’s telomeres increased in length while in space. His telomeres then quickly shortened when he returned to Earth.”和“Their telomeres were longer during spaceflight.”可知，在太空飞行中，所有宇航员的端粒都变长了。故选C。 39．推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，通过NASA对双胞胎宇航员的研究以及对四位进行3天任务的宇航员的研究，具体说明了太空对人类DNA和端粒的影响。因此作者通过提供例子来展示太空对人类健康的影响。故选B。 40．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要探讨了太空环境对人体健康，特别是DNA的影响，因此这篇文章的主要目的是解释太空如何影响DNA和健康。故选C。 四、选词填空 A：41．development 42．differences 43．watch 44．pleasant 45．for a while 【导语】本文讲述了江南园林与昆曲艺术之间的深刻联系，以及两者在表现形式上的异同。 41．句意：著名建筑师陈从周曾经解释过昆曲的发展。根据“explained the...of Kunqu Opera”和备选词可知，此处表示“解释昆曲的发展”。the development of“……的发展”，故填development。 42．句意：他指出，昆曲和中国园林的区别仅在于它们的表达形式。根据“the...between Kunqu Opera and Chinese gardens”和备选词可知，此处表示“昆曲和中国园林的区别”。使用名词differences“区别”，结合“are”可知，空处用复数形式。故填differences。 43．句意：观赏昆曲的最佳地点是在中国古典园林。根据“The best place to...Kunqu Opera”和备选词可知，此处表示“观赏昆曲的最佳地点”。使用动词watch“观看”，the best place to do sth.“做某事的最佳地点”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填watch。 44．句意：晚上，当你坐在瞻园里时，在石船上欣赏昆曲《牡丹亭》是一件令人愉快的事。根据“it is...to enjoy the Kunqu Opera”和备选词可知，此处表示“在石船上欣赏昆曲《牡丹亭》是一件令人愉快的事”。使用形容词pleasant“令人愉快的”，it is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，故填pleasant。 45．句意：坐了一会儿，看了表演之后，我和我的朋友体验到了古人的生活方式——有如此令人印象深刻的园林和迷人的歌剧表演。根据“After sitting and watching...”和备选词可知，此处表示“坐了一会儿，看了表演之后”。使用短语for a while“一会儿”，故填for a while。 B： 46．against 47．the importance of 48．how 49．personal 50．like 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国正在实施“体重管理年”计划（2024—2027），通过教育、健康饮食推广、智能工具和AI技术帮助人们对抗肥胖，倡导从小改变逐步实现健康目标，计划到2030年控制肥胖率增长。 46．句意：政府从2024年至2027年启动了为期三年的“体重管理年”计划以对抗肥胖。根据“fight...obesity”可知，考查固定搭配fight against“与……斗争”，表示“与肥胖斗争”。故填against。 47．句意：该计划旨在帮助人们理解管理体重和健康生活的重要性。根据“It hopes to help people understand...managing their weight...”可知，此处表示“帮助人们意识到管理体重的重要性”，the importance of“……的重要性”，符合语境。故填the importance of。 48．句意：首先，政府将教导人们更多关于管理体重的知识。根据“teach people more about...to manage their weight”可知，此处表示“学习如何管理体重”，how“怎么样”，符合语境。故填how。 49．句意：还希望利用AI为人们提供健康计划的建议。根据“advice on...health plans”可知，此处用形容词，personal“个人的”，表示“个人的健康计划”。故填personal。 50．句意：记住，减肥不是追求完美——只需从小改变开始，比如用喝水代替碳酸饮料，或走楼梯而不是乘电梯。根据“...drinking water instead of soda...”可知，此处表示列举，like“例如”，符合语境。故填like。 五、任务型阅读 51．so 52．Purpose/Aim 53．different 54．helped/supported 55．challenge/difficulty 56．rose 57．successfully 58．difference/contribution 59．They are clever. 60．They can help with healthcare and elderly care. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文详细描述了马拉松比赛的背景、目的、机器人的特点、比赛过程中的挑战以及比赛的结果和意义。 51．根据“On a separate track (跑道). beside the human runners, 21 humanoid (human-like) robots took on the same challenge and six of them finished the race.”可知，在人类选手旁边的另一条跑道上，21个人形机器人也接受了同样的挑战，其中6个完成了比赛。说明人类和机器人都参加了比赛。故填so。 52．根据“The distance was meant to challenge the robots, and allow their developers to see how the robots managed under real-life conditions.”可知，这次比赛的目的是为了考验机器人，并让它们的开发者看看机器人在现实条件下的表现。所以这是比赛的目的。故填Purpose/ Aim。 53．根据“The robots that raced were in different shapes and sizes.”可知，参加比赛的机器人形状和大小各不相同。故填different。 54．根据“Support workers carried devices to control their robots. Some workers followed their robots; others led them. Workers helping faster robots had to jog the whole time.”可知，支持人员携带设备来控制他们的机器人。一些工作人员跟随他们的机器人；其他人则引导他们。帮助更快机器人的工作人员必须全程慢跑。说明工作人员帮助或支持了机器人。故填helped/ supported。 55．根据“The early part of the race was the easiest because the course was flat. Later, things became more difficult. The course had 14 turns, and there were small hills to run up or down. In some places, railroad tracks crossed the road, and the robots had to manage the uneven (不平滑的) surface.”可知，比赛的早期部分是最容易的，因为赛道是平坦的。后来，事情变得困难起来。赛道有14个弯道，还有小山丘要上下跑。在一些地方，铁轨横穿马路，机器人必须处理不平坦的路面。说明后来比赛变得有挑战性或困难。故填challenge/ difficulty。 56．根据“It was cool in the morning, but as the day heated up. workers made great efforts to keep the robots cool.”可知，早上很凉爽，但随着天气变热，工人们努力保持机器人的凉爽。说明随着温度上升，机器人需要降温。故填rose。 57．根据“The first robot to cross the finish line was Tiangong. It finished the race in 2 hours, 40 minutes, and 42 seconds. That was far behind most human runners. But the goal of the race wasn’t to win, it was to finish. And six of the robots managed to meet that goal.”可知，第一个到达终点的是天宫。它在2小时40分42秒内完成了比赛。这远远落后于大多数人类选手。但比赛的目标不是获胜，而是完成。六个机器人成功地达到了这个目标。说明机器人成功地完成了比赛。故填successfully。 58．根据“Their efforts produced a lot of information that will help their developers improve future humanoid robots.”可知，他们的努力产生了大量的信息，这些信息将有助于他们的开发者改进未来的人形机器人。说明从比赛中收集到的信息对改进未来的人形机器人有帮助。故填difference/ contribution。 59．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为They are clever. 60．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为They can help with healthcare and elderly care. 六、短文填空 61．unless 62．still 63．perfect 64．leaves 65．praise 【导语】本文主要讲述了江南园林的美景，特别是南京的瞻园。 61．句意：除非你走进花园，否则你怎能知道春天的美丽？根据中文提示“除非”，可知此处应填unless，故填unless。 62．句意：许多江南城市仍然有古老的园林。根据中文提示“仍然”，可知此处应填still，故填still。 63．句意：在园林里，你可以看到古老的亭子和令人惊叹的人工假山，这使得它非常适合拍照或静静地坐着。根据中文提示“完美的”，可知此处应填perfect，形容词作宾语补足语，故填perfect。 64．句意：园林在春天和秋天特别美丽，那时花朵盛开，叶子变成金黄色。根据中文提示“叶子”，可知此处应填leaves，名词复数形式表泛指。故填leaves。 65．句意：人们经常赞扬瞻园的自然美景和独特设计，它是南京中国古典园林景观的一颗隐秘瑰宝。根据中文提示“赞扬”，可知此处应填praise，时态为一般现在时，主语是people，动词用原形。故填praise。 七、书面表达：例文 A small act makes a big difference Last week, my friend and I had a quarrel because of a small misunderstanding. At first, we both felt angry and refused to talk to each other. The days without talking were lonely and cold. I missed the happy times we shared before the fight. One afternoon, I decided to apologize. I approached her and said, “I’m sorry for what happened.” She looked surprised but then smiled gently and said, “I’m sorry too.” We started talking about what made us upset. It turned out we both misunderstood each other’s words. After clearing things up, we laughed together and felt warm again. That small step of saying sorry brought back the friendship and made it even stronger. This experience showed me that small acts like this don’t cost much but can make a big difference in our lives. From now on, I will remember to take that small step whenever there is a problem because it can bring people closer. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般过去时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，根据提示信息写作，可适当增加细节，突出写作要点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，引出话题，讲述和朋友发生矛盾； 第二步，根据提示信息讲述我与朋友如何和解； 第三步，总结这个经历对我的影响。 [亮点词汇] ①because of因为 ②each other彼此 ③talk about谈论 ④it turned out结果发现 ⑤make a big difference做巨大贡献，有很大影响 [高分句型] ①We started talking about what made us upset. (what引导的宾语从句) ②This experience showed me that small acts like this don’t cost much but can make a big difference in our lives. (that引导的宾语从句) 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $